Hindustan Adv PDF

IRJC
International Journal of Marketing, Financial Services & Management Research

Vol.1 Issue 7, July 2012, ISSN 2277 3622
EXAMINING ADVERTISING EFFECTIVENESS OF HINDUSTAN COCA

- COLA COLD DRINKS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO RURAL
CONSUMERS OF COIMBATORE DISTRICT
R.INDUMATHY*
*Assistant Professor,
PPG Business School,
Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India.
ABSTRACT
The investigator has taken up the research study to analyze the advertising effectiveness of
Hindustan Coca Cola cold drinks with special reference to rural consumers of Coimbatore
District. The study is designed in descriptive nature and sample size of the study is 500. To select
the sample, convenience sampling technique was used. Primary data collection was done with
the help of Structured Questionnaire / Interview Schedule and Secondary data was collected
through books, journals and websites. To analyze the collected data, statistical tools viz. Chi
Square Analysis and Correlation Analysis were done with the help of SPSS Version 16. From the
analysis, the investigator found that TV is the most effective media of advertisement for cold
drinks and respondents liked the advertisement of the Hindustan Coca Cola cold drinks is
because of the presence of celebrities and moreover, majority of the respondents said that,
advertisement has forced to consume more cold drinks then the normal consumption level and at
last recommendations were given by the investigator to improve the advertising effectiveness of
Hindustan Coca Cola drinks, so that in turn, will improve the sales figure in future.
KEYWORDS: Advertisement, Cold Drinks, Effectiveness, Media.
______________________________________________________________________________
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The objectives of all business are to makes profits and a merchandising concern can do that by
increasing its sales at remunerative prices. This is possible, if the product is widely polished to be
audience the final consumers, channel members and industrial users and through convincing
arguments it is persuaded to buy it. Publicity makes a thing or an idea known to people. It is a
general term indicating efforts at mass appeal. As personal stimulation of demand for a product
service or business unit by planting commercially significant news about it in a published
medium or obtaining favorable presentation of it upon video television or stage that is not paid
for by the sponsor. On the other hand, advertising denotes a specific attempt to popularize a
specific product or service at a certain cost. It is a method of publicity. It always intentional
openly sponsored by the sponsor and involves certain cost and hence is paid for. It is a common
form of non- personal communication about an organization and or its products idea service etc.
that is transmitted to a target audiences through a mass medium. In common parlance the term
publicity and advertising are used synonymously.
www.indianresearchjournals.com
INTRODUCTION
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Review of Literature
1] Ehrenberg [1974], tried to postulate an Awareness - Trial - Reinforcement model of consumer
response to advertising and according to him, the main purpose of advertising for established
brands is its defensive role in maintaining repeat buyers. In answer to how advertisement works,
one model that applies to certain advertising categories is "Advertising offers a stimulus to a
potential user, which it is hoped will produce the response of an increased predisposition to buy
the advertised brand".
2] Gilligan and Crowther [1983] says that the essential purpose of advertising is to influence the
attitude of individuals and the same is achieved by changing the mental state or predispositions
of the person.
3] Cutler [1990] says that new interactive media provides the opportunity to instantaneously
advertise, execute a sale, and collect payment.
4] Fulk and Boyd [1991] found that interactive advertising has the potential to fundamentally
change the nature of advertising in much the same way that electronic communication
infrastructure has changed the nature of group interaction.
5] Novak and Hoffman [1996] found that the internet and other interactive television, have been
touted as more powerful, responsive, and customizable than traditional media.
6] Port [1999] suggests that consumers respond to much of the advertising on the internet in the
same ways they respond to advertising in more traditional media, at least with respect to
traditional measures of advertising effectiveness.
9] Lynch and Ariely [2000] says that traditional measures of advertising effectiveness are recall,
attitude change and brand choice etc.
10] Jerry W. Thomas [2008] found the barriers to great advertising and they are self - delusion,
belief on sales performance, big creative ego, lack of strategy, client ineptness and poor copy
testing.
11] Stephen Rampur [2009] found that billboards are one of the most of the effective
conventional outdoor advertising techniques that are used by businesses even today.
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8] Mira Vlach [2000] says that the aim of advertising is either increase in sales or building brand
and he also says that measuring advertising effectiveness is not easy. Sometimes, the result of
measuring are just better guesses. There are dramatic differences in the effectiveness of various
forms of advertising.
7] Dreze and Hussherr [1999] found response to the advertising on the internet to be similar to
response to advertising in other media, except that advertising on the internet appeared to be
easier to ignore.
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12] Padgett [2010] found that through different strategies and techniques, the advertisers can
address the consumers' needs in their advertising methodologies.
13] Andrew [2010] found that 79% of the internet users click on banner advertisements on
various websites but only 57% of these users clicked on banner advertisements found on social
network sites.
14] Jaberwocky [2011] found that at first, many companies tried posting advertisements on
websites such as MySpace, face book, and other social networks but realized that the click
through rate for these ads actually ended up with a much lower rate than traditional online
banners and resulted in higher costs and lower sales for the companies.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
To find out the most effective media of advertisement for cold drinks.
To analyze the reasons for liking the advertisement of Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks.
To find out the most popular slogan of Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks.
To test the demographic factors have any significant influence on consumers' attitudes.
To offer recommendations to improve the advertising effectiveness of Hindustan Coca - Cola
cold drinks.
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
The study was restricted to the rural consumers of Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks of
Coimbatore District.
The respondents have replied to the queries recalling from their memory. Therefore, recall
bias and personal bias are possible.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research design used in the study is descriptive by nature. The population for the study
consists of all rural consumers of Hindustan Coca - Cold drinks in Coimbatore district. The
sample size was 500 respondents. To select the sample, convenience sampling technique was
used. Primary data collection was done with the help of Structured Questionnaire / Interview
Schedule and Secondary data was collected through books, journals and websites. To analyze the
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Though the result of the study undertaken is unbiased, there may exist some biased responses
that may affect the results of the study.
The sample includes only 500 respondents. This may not give the exact opinion of the
universe.
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collected data, statistical tools viz. Simple Percentage Analysis, Chi Square Analysis and
Correlation Analysis were done with the help of SPSS Version 16.
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
SIMPLE PERCENTAGE ANALYSIS
TABLE - 1: MOST EFFECTIVE MEDIA OF ADVERTISEMENT FOR COLD DRINKS
Media
Frequency
Percentage
Newspaper
50
10.0
Billboard
160
32.0
Television
250
50.0
Mobile
40
8.0
Total
500
100.0
The table - 1 shows that 50 percentage of the respondents opted Television as the most effective
media of advertisement for cold drinks and 32 percentage of them opted for Billboard. 10
percentage of rural consumers opted for Newspaper as the most effective media and only 8
percentage of the them preferred Mobile advertisement.
Frequency
Percentage
Because of Celebrities
270
54.0
Because of Music
190
38.0
Because of Theme
40
8.0
Total
500
100.0
The table - 2 clearly indicates that 54 percentage of the respondents liked the advertisements of
Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks because of the presence of celebrities in the advertisements,
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Reason for liking the advertisement
TABLE - 2: REASONS FOR LIKING THE ADVERTISEMENTS OF HINDUSTAN

COCA - COLA COLD DRINKS
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38 percentage of them liked because of music and only 8 percentage liked the advertisements
because of its theme.
TABLE - 3: MOST POPULAR SLOGAN OF HINDUSTAN COCA - COLA COLD
DRINKS
Slogan
Frequency
Percentage
Thanda matlab Coca - Cola
120
24.0
Jo chaho ho jaye, Coca - Cola enjoy
140
28.0
Burrrrrrrrr
130
26.0
Drink Fanta, stay Bamboocha
110
22.0
Total
500
100.0
The table - 3 clearly indicates that 28 percentage of the respondents opted ' Jo chaho ho jaye,
Coca - Cola enjoy' as the most popular slogan of Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks, 26
percentage of them opted for ' Burrrrrrrrr'. ' Thanda matlab Coca - Cola' slogan was opted by 24
percentage of the rural consumers and only 22 percentage of them opted for ' Drink Fanta, stay
Bamboocha'.
TABLE - 4: CROSS TABULATION OF GENDER * CONSUMPTION FREQUENCY

Consumption frequency
Gender
Total
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
Not Regular
Male
100
70
100
30
300
Female
20
130
30
20
200
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The below given table - 4 point outs that, out of 500 respondents, 200 of them are consuming
Hindustan Coca Cola cold drinks on weekly basis and out of that 200, 130 are female and 70
are male. 120 respondents are consuming it on daily basis and out of that 120, 100 are segmented
as male and 20 are female. 130 out of 500 respondents are consuming on a monthly basis and in
that 130 respondents, 100 are male and 30 are female. Only 50 out of 500 respondents
consumption pattern is not regular and that 50 was segmented as 30 male and 20 female
respondents.
CROSS TABULATION
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Gender
Total
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
Not Regular
Male
100
70
100
30
300
Female
20
130
30
20
200
Total
120
200
130
50
500
TABLE - 5: CROSS TABULATION OF MONTHLY INCOME * CONSUMPTION

FREQUENCY
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
Not regular
Rs.5000 and below
30
190
10
10
240
Rs.5001 to 15000
40
40
10
10
100
Rs.15001 to 25000
70
50
10
30
160
Total
140
280
30
50
500
The table - 5 specifies that, out of 500 respondents, 280 of them are consuming Hindustan Coca
Cola cold drinks on weekly basis and out of that 280, 190 of them are earning Rs.5000 and
below, 40 are earning between Rs.5001 to 15000 and 50 are earning between Rs.15001 to 25000.
140 respondents are consuming it on daily basis and out of that 140, 70 are segmented under the
monthly income of Rs.15001 to 25000, 40 are under Rs.5001 to 15000 category and 30 are
earning Rs.5000 and below. 30 out of 500 respondents are consuming on a monthly basis and
that 30 is segmented as 10 under each category of monthly income. Only 50 out of 500
respondents consumption pattern is not regular.
TABLE - 6: CROSS TABULATION OF AGE * ABILITY TO RECALL THE
ADVERTISEMENT
Opinion on ability to recall
Age
Total
Yes
Below 20 years
70
the advertisement
Somewhat
0
70
Total
99
Monthly Income
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21 to 30 years
160
70
230
31 to 40 years
70
30
100
Above 40 years
100
100
Total
300
200
500
The table - 6 illustrates that, out of 500 respondents, 300 of them are able to recall the
advertisement of their most liked Hindustan Coca Cola cold drink and among those 300
respondents, 160 of them belong to the age group of 21 to 30 years, 70 respondents belong to
each category of 31 to 40 years and below 20 years respectively. 200 respondents are able to
recall the advertisement somewhat and among those 200, 100 respondents belong to above 40
years, 70 belong to the age group of 21 to 30 years and 30 of them are between 31 to 40 years.
CHI - SQUARE ANALYSIS
The following hypotheses were analyzed with the help of Chi - Square Test to test the
demographic factors have any significant influence on consumers' attitudes.
H1: There is no significant relationship between gender and consumption frequency of Hindustan
Coca Cola cold drinks.
H2: There is no significant relationship between age and consumption frequency of Hindustan
H3: There is no significant relationship between monthly income and consumption frequency of
Hindustan Coca Cola cold drinks.
H4: There is no significant relationship between age and ability to recall the advertisement of the
most liked Hindustan Coca Cola cold drinks.
Hypothesis Number
Pearson Chi - Square Value [p]
Result
H1
.011
Rejected
H2
.041
Rejected
H3
.039
Rejected
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TABLE - 7: CHI - SQUARE ANALYSIS OF DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS *

CONSUMERS' ATTITUDES
H5: There is no significant relationship between occupation and consumption frequency of

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H4
.008
Rejected
H5
.021
Rejected
The table - 7 proves the following results of various hypotheses framed above.
H1: As the p value = .011 is less than .05, the hypothesis rejected at 5 % significant level and
found that there is significant relationship between gender and consumption frequency of
found that there is significant relationship between age and consumption frequency of Hindustan
found that there is significant relationship between monthly income and consumption frequency
of Hindustan Coca Cola cold drinks.
found that there is significant relationship between age and ability to recall the advertisement of
the most liked Hindustan Coca Cola cold drinks.
found that there is significant relationship between occupation and consumption frequency of
CORRELATION ANALYSIS
Correlation Test was used to test the correlation between the following demographic factors and
consumers' attitudes.
TABLE - 8: CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS *

CONSUMERS' ATTITUDES
Factors
Age * Consumption frequency
Pearson Correlation Value [r]
Result
.345
Low Positive
Correlation
.286
Low Positive
Correlation
of Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks

Monthly Income * Consumption frequency
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Monthly Income * Consumption frequency of Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks
Age * Consumption frequency of Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks
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of Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks
The table - 8 confirms the following results of Correlation Analysis of above mentioned two
factors.
As the r value = .345 is close to .5, it is found that there is low positive correlation between
age and consumption frequency of Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks.
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As the r value = .286 is close to .5, it is found that there is low positive correlation between
monthly income and consumption frequency of Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks.
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FINDINGS
Television is the most effective media of advertisement for cold drinks.
Majority of the respondents liked the advertisements of Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks
because of presence of celebrities in the advertisements.
'Jo chaho ho jaye, Coca - Cola enjoy' is the most popular slogan of Hindustan Coca - Cola
cold drinks.
Out of 500 respondents, 200 of them are consuming Hindustan Coca Cola cold drinks on
weekly basis and out of that 200, 130 are female and 70 are male.
Out of 500 respondents, 280 of them are consuming Hindustan Coca Cola cold drinks on
weekly basis and out of that 280, 190 of them are earning Rs.5000 and below, 40 are earning
between Rs.5001 to 15000 and 50 are earning between Rs.15001 to 25000.
Out of 500 respondents, 300 of them are able to recall the advertisement of their most liked
Hindustan Coca Cola cold drinks and among those 300 respondents, 160 of them belong to
the age group of 21 to 30 years, 70 respondents belong to each category of 31 to 40 years and
below 20 years respectively.
There is significant relationship between gender and consumption frequency of Hindustan
There is significant relationship between age and consumption frequency of Hindustan Coca
Cola cold drinks.
There is significant relationship between monthly income and consumption frequency of
There is low positive correlation between age and consumption frequency of Hindustan Coca
- Cola cold drinks.
There is low positive correlation between monthly income and consumption frequency of
Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks.
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There is significant relationship between occupation and consumption frequency of Hindustan

There is significant relationship between age and ability to recall the advertisement of the
most liked Hindustan Coca Cola cold drinks.
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RECOMMENDATIONS
Media for advertisement should be selected based on target customers.
More attention is needed in making the advertisement more effective.
Advertisement should be attractive in all aspects.
People act on emotions, not on logic. Advertisements should touch on human desires and
needs, and offer solution to the problem.
CONCLUSION
From the research study, the investigator concluded that, TV is the most effective media for
advertisement of cold drinks and majority of the consumers liked the advertisements because of
the presence of celebrities in the advertisements. Utmost care to be taken while designing
advertisements and it would be more effective in all aspects. All advertisements should touch on
human desires and needs, and offer solution to the problem.
REFERENCES
JOURNALS
Blattberg, R. [2004], "The Marketing Information Revolution", Boston : Harvard Business
School Press, Vol.4, No.1, pp. 9 17.
Cadler, B. [2006], "Television Commercial Wear Out: An Information Processing View",
Journal of Marketing Research, Vol.13, No.2, pp. 173 - 186.
BOOKS
Philip Kotler, "Marketing Management", Prentice Hall of India, Eleventh Edition, 2005.
William D. Wells, "Measuring Advertising Effectiveness", Routledge Publications, 2007.
WEBSITES
www.adrelevance.com
www.businessworld.com
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Kothari C.R., Research Methodology, New Age International Publishers, Sixth Edition,
2003.
Chunawalla, S.A., "Foundation of Advertising Theory and Practice", Himalayan Publishing

House, Fifth Edition, 2000.
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www.decisionanalyst.com/publ_art/adeffectiveness.dai
www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advertising
www.tutor2u.net/business/marketing/promotion_advertising_effectiveness.asp
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www.questia.com/library/communication/advertising-and-public-relations/advertisingresearch/advertising-effectiveness.jsp

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International Journal of Marketing, Financial Services & Management Research

EXAMINING ADVERTISING EFFECTIVENESS OF HINDUSTAN COCA

Reason for liking the advertisement

TABLE - 2: REASONS FOR LIKING THE ADVERTISEMENTS OF HINDUSTAN

Thanda matlab Coca - Cola

Jo chaho ho jaye, Coca - Cola enjoy

Drink Fanta, stay Bamboocha

TABLE - 4: CROSS TABULATION OF GENDER * CONSUMPTION FREQUENCY

TABLE - 5: CROSS TABULATION OF MONTHLY INCOME * CONSUMPTION

Rs.5000 and below

Pearson Chi - Square Value [p]

TABLE - 7: CHI - SQUARE ANALYSIS OF DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS *

H5: There is no significant relationship between occupation and consumption frequency of

TABLE - 8: CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS *

Pearson Correlation Value [r]

of Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks

Monthly Income * Consumption frequency of Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks

Age * Consumption frequency of Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks

of Hindustan Coca - Cola cold drinks

There is significant relationship between occupation and consumption frequency of Hindustan

Chunawalla, S.A., "Foundation of Advertising Theory and Practice", Himalayan Publishing

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