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Questions On GSM
History Of GSM
2) What are the standard bodies for the development and nurturing of the GSM
standard?
CEPT (Conference Europeenne des Postes et Telecommunications)
MoU (Memorandum Of Understanding)
CCITT (Comite Consultatif International Telegraphique et telephonique)
2) What is FDMA?
Frequency Divison Multiple access is a scheme in which the entire frequency band is
divided into channels, each channel corresponding to a particular frequency range.
With FDMA each channel can be assigned to one user at a time.
4) What is the bandgap between the uplink and downlink carrier in GSM?
45 MHz.
6) How many carriers are present in the GSM band and how many channels are
there
in each carrier?
124 carriers and 8 channels per carrier
8) What is ARFCN?
In cellular mobile communications the radio channels are identified by their
Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number. In GSM ARFCN 1 to 124 are used.
9) What are the components of the GSM network? Draw a schematic diagram of the
GSM Network architecture?
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D
Um BSS Abis A
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10) Describe in brief the functionalities of the Base Transceiver Station (BTS)?
The BTS is a part of the Base Station Sub system and is in contact with the MS
through the radio interface. The BTS is in charge of management of transmission
and
reception on the radio interface.
11) Describe in brief the functionalities of the Base Station Controller (BSC)?
The BSC is connected on one side to one or several BTSs and on the other side to
the
MSC. The main function of the BSC is allocation and release of radio channels and
the handover management.
The Authentication Center is a database that stores a copy of the secret key
stored in each subscriber's SIM card, which is used for authentication and ciphering
of the radio channel.
There are three types of control channels mainly broadcast Control Channels,
Common Control Channels and Dedicated Control Channels.
32) Draw and explain the protocol layer between the Mobile Station and the BTS?
Um
33) What are the functions of the Radio resource Management Layer in GSM?
The main function of the Radio resource management layer is to establish and
release stable connections between mobile stations and the MSC for the duration of
the call and to maintain the connection despite user movements.
34) What are the functions of the Mobility Management sub layer in GSM?
The mobility Management layer manages the location updating, handovers, and
registration procedures. The machines concerned with mobility management are
mainly the MS, the HLR and VLR. The security function is performed by the AuC.
35) What are the functions of the Communications Management sub layer in GSM?
Communications Management sub layer terminates at the MSC and contains
entities that currently consist of CC including call-related supplementary services,
SMS, and
call independent supplementary services support (SS).
3 Digits 2 Digits
49) Draw and Explain the Protocol architecture of the GSM Network?
b. MM sub Layer
Terminated at MSC
Messages from or to the MSC are relayed transparently from BSS
e. BSSAP
Used to implement all procedures between the MSC and the BSS that require
interpretation and processing of information related to single calls and resource
management.
1) What is the basic procedure for RF planning using RF planning tool in GSM?
Planning Tool
Loading of digital map data of the city on the planning tool, Model tuning for proper
prediction on the tool ,Nominal cell planning for the coverage ,frequency planning
and interference study.
3) How do the power, orientation, beamwidth, tilt and height of the antenna affect
the coverage?
Power increases the coverage, Proper Orientation, Beamwidth and tilt improves the
coverage of the planned area. Increase in antenna height improves the coverage.
Effective isotropic radiated power is the total o/p power of Base station
EIRP=BTS (O/P) power+Antenna gain-cablelosses-other (combiner)losses
Frequency planning is to be done for the GSM network for a given operator with
A set of GSM frequency band.Frequency reuse pattern is used for capacity planning.
To minimize frequency interference problems.
6) What are all the patterns available? How is frequency planning done on planning
tool?
4/12 pattern.3/9 pattern .Automatic frequency planning can be done in planning
tool.
This is process of increasing traffic by adding Trxs traffic channels and proper use of
frequency reuse pattern. Addition of BTSs
14) How is site selection done for planning and site acquisition?
After nominal cell planning with the geographical coordinates identifying best site
candidate in a geographical area is the process of site selection.
15) What is optimization? What are the tools used for optimization?
Once GSM network is integrated in order to achieve proper planning prediction
RF parameters Optimization is done. Drive test tool,Planning tool and Post
processing tools are
Used for optimization.
Proper antenna orientation and tilts and antenna types can be used
for optimizing network.
17) How do we handle poor C/I, C/A, handover problems and blocking?
Checking proper neighbor list, changing frequency planning and proper no of radio
channels availability.
Bench Marking used for comparing performance of different network for quality and
call performance parameters.