Study on the Urban Spatial Pattern in Energy Consumption.

Based
on Geographic Information System. Case study, district around
Semarang city square, Semarang city, Indonesia
Singgih Hartanto, Sugiono Soetomo, Broto Sunaryo, Wisnu Pradoto4
Post Graduate Student, Architecture and Urban Planning Departement, Diponegoro University
b
Urban and Regional Planning Departement,Diponegoro University
c
Urban and Regional Planning Departement,Diponegoro University
d
Urban and Regional Planning Departement,Diponegoro University

Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the urban spatial pattern in energy consumption. District
around Semarang city square, in Semarang city choosen as case study. The study used
quantitative approach and data collecting used Geographic Information System (GIS).
There are two sectors of observation, trade and service sector, and industrial sector.
Key words : Urban spatial pattern, Energy consumption, Geographic Information System

Corresponding author.
E-mail : singgih.hartanto0502@gmail.com
1. Introduction
Several significant changes in urban land use happened during the modern industrial
era. These changes are largely tied to the use of energy. It has been argued that more
dense development is likely to result in more energy-efficient and sustainable cities.
However, very little is known about the precise magnitude of possible energy savings
from more compact urban form.
Indonesia, as one of the fastest growing and developing countries in Asia with a
population of more than 241 million in 2010, is no doubt struggling with energy
sustainability for the citizens and at the same time combating the environmental issues
such as climate change and reducing CO 2 emissions. With an average growth 2.6% per
year, the Indonesian population can be predicted to reach over 300 million by the year
2025.
On the other hand, Indonesian economic development is increasing in all sectors such
as industrial and commercial sectors as well as household and transportation sectors.
The large population and recent economic growth has resulted in an improvement in the
overall living standard in Indonesia, include energy utilization.
According to Grubler (2012), current global energy use is concentrated in the largest
urban areas, where more than 65 to 80% of energy absorbed by activity in urban areas.
An early study by Craig (1982), also said that (60 - 70)% of total energy use is correlated
with the pattern of urban space. Factor of economic development has a major effect on
the spatial pattern of energy consumption (Guan and Xu, 2015). With the challenge of
environmental issue, the importance of reducing energy consumption and fuel emissions
has been important topic.
This paper aims to investigate the urban spatial pattern in energy consumption. As
case study is District around Semarang city square, in Semarang city, Indonesia. The
expectation of the study can be integrated with long-term urban planning toward a
sustainable development.
2. Method and Data

Effisiensi energi listrik pada pola sebaran ruang kota

Kota dengan tingkat kepadatan tinggi memiliki tingkat effisiensi energi
listrik yang lebih baik bila dibandingkan dengan kota yang memiliki
tingkat kepadatan yang rendah. Loses merupakan indikator yang
digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat effisiensi energi listrik tersebut,
dimana semakin kecil nilai loses maka semakin effisien energi listriknya.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui/menemukan pola ruang
perkotaan yang effisien terhadap energi. Sebagai objek penelitian adalah
sektor komersial dan residensial di kawasan simpang lima Kota Semarang,
Indonesia. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan positivistik
kuantitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan GIS,
sedangkan untuk teknik analisa ruang menggunakan analisa Nearest
Neighbor dan analisis ETAP program untuk kalkulasi loses. Berdasarkan
hasil analisa penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bentuk pola sebaran
ruang kota yang cluster pada compac city memiliki effisiensi energi yang
lebih baik dibanding dengan pola sebaran yang acak atau disperse
(uniform) karena tingkat loses nya yang lebih rendah.
Kata kunci : Effisiensi energy listrik, loses, pola sebaran ruang

Electrical Energy Efficiency In The City Space Pattern

Cities with high density has the level of electrical energy efficiency is better when compared with
the city having a low density. Loses the indicators used to measure the level of efficiency of the
electrical energy, which loses value the smaller the more efficient electrical energy. The purpose of
this study was to determine / find patterns of urban space that is efficient for energy. As the object
of study is the residential and commercial sectors in the area of the intersection of five of
Semarang, Indonesia. The research method uses quantitative positivist approach, the technique of
using GIS data collection, while for spatial analysis techniques using Nearest Neighbor analysis and
analysis of the ETAP program for calculation loses. Based on analysis of this study concluded that
the shape of the distribution pattern of urban space cluster at compac city has a better energy
efficiency compared with random distribution patterns or disperse (uniform) because the level of its
lower loses.
Keywords: Efficiency of electric energy, loses, the distribution pattern of the room