Missionary position

This article is about the sex position. For the book by sexual activity, the missionary position allows the man to
Christopher Hitchens, see The Missionary Position.
take charge of the rhythm and depth of pelvic thrusting.
The missionary position or man-on-top position is It is also possible for the woman to thrust against him by
moving her hips or pushing her feet against the bed, or
squeeze him closer with her arms or legs. The position
is less suitable for late stages of pregnancy, or when it is
desired for the woman to have greater control over rhythm
and depth of penetration.

1 Etymology and other usage

Before the release of Alfred Kinseys work, the missionary position was known by several names, including
the matrimonial, the Mama-Papa position, the EnglishAmerican position, and the male superior position.[9] In
1948, Kinsey published the male volume of the Kinsey
Reports, Sexual Behavior in the Human Male. He described the American preference for the position and
called it the English-American position. Discussing
Malinowskis The Sexual Life of Savages in North-Western
Melanesia, Kinsey wrote, It will be recalled that Malinowski (1929) records the nearly universal use of a totally dierent position among the Trobrianders ... [and]
... that caricatures of the English-American position are
performed around ... campres, to the great amusement
of the natives who refer to the position as the 'missionary position.'"[9] To date, lexicographers and sexologists
have not found use of the term missionary position before
Kinsey.[10]

douard-Henri Avril depiction of the missionary position

generally a sex position in which a woman lies on her back

and a man lies on top of her while they face each other
and engage in sexual intercourse or other sexual activity.[1][2][3] Though commonly associated with aspects of
heterosexual sexual activity, the sex position is also used
by gay and lesbian couples.[2]

The missionary position may involve sexual penetration

or non-penetrative sex (for example, intercrural sex),
and its penile-vaginal aspect is an example of ventroventral (front-to-front) reproductive activity.[4] Variations
of the position allow varying degrees of vaginal tightness,
clitoral stimulation, depth of penetration, participation on In 2001, Robert Priest examined the origins of the term
the part of the woman, and the likelihood and speed of and concluded that Kinsey had confused several factors in
accidentally coining the term.[9] First, according to Maliorgasm.
nowski, Trobrianders played and sang mocking songs unIt is commonly believed that the term missionary position der the full moon, and not around a campre. In Sexual
arose in connection to Christian missionaries, who sup- Behaviors, Kinsey wrote that the Trobrianders mocked
posedly taught that the position was the only proper way face-to-face man-on-top woman-below intercourse, but
to engage in sexual intercourse. However, the term prob- does not give context. He mentioned that the position
ably originated from Alfred Kinsey's Sexual Behavior in was learned from white traders, planters, or ocials,
the Human Male through a conuence of misunderstand- but does not discuss missionaries. Kinsey also recalled
ings and misinterpretations of historical documents.[5][6] that the medieval Catholic Church taught the position,
Tuscans refer to the position as the Angelic position while and upon seeing the natives mocking it, assumed that
some Arabic-speaking groups call it the manner of ser- missionaries had taught it to them. Finally, Malinowski
pents.[7]
wrote that he saw an engaged Trobriand couple holding
The missionary position is often preferred by couples who hands and leaning against each other, which the natives
enjoy its romantic qualities aorded by copious skin-to- described as misinari si bubunela the missionary fashskin contact and opportunities to look into each others ion. Upon accidentally combining these similar facts,
eyes and kiss and caress each other. The position is also Kinsey invented a new phrase despite believing that he
believed to be a good position for reproduction.[8] During was reporting an old one.[9]
1

2 VARIATIONS

From then on, the story of the names origin may have
been retold until it became largely accepted, with its connection to Kinsey and Malinowski having faded. Writers began using the expression for sexual intercourse in
the late 1960s, and as Alex Comfort's bestseller The Joy
of Sex (1972) and the Oxford English Dictionary (1976)
spread the term missionary position, it gradually replaced
older names.[11] By the 1990s, it had spread to other
languages: Missionarsstellung (German), postura del misionero (Spanish), missionarishouding (Dutch) and position du missionaire (French).[9]

and moving with her partner.[13] A woman can increase

the force of a mans thrust by moving against the mans
rhythm. Some women prefer to be passive during sexual intercourse, sometimes in submission. With the penis inside the woman, the man may straddle the woman,
taking the womans legs between his (this is sometimes
called the starsh position). This restricts further the
womans movements, and either partner can increase the
tightness on the mans penis by pressing the womans
thighs together. However, this increases vaginal friction
and makes thrusting more dicult.

In William Shakespeare's Othello (Act 1, Scene 1), the During sexual intercourse, most women experience inmissionary position was euphemistically called the beast voluntary vaginal contractions,[14] leading in turn to the
with two backs.[12]
man increasing the pace and force of thrusts as his arousal
and sexual frenzy increases as he approaches orgasm; this
in turn further increases the womans vaginal contraction.
After a man has achieved orgasm, he will normally col2 Variations
lapse onto the woman and will normally not be capable
of further thrusting. Some men try to control their orgasm until their female partner also orgasms, but this is
not always achieved. At times, a woman can achieve orgasm after the man has ceased thrusting by contracting
her vaginal muscles and with pelvic movements, or the
couple may change to another position that enables the
woman to continue thrusting until she has reached orgasm, such as a woman on top position.
During sexual intercourse in the missionary position, the
penis is in preferential contact with the anterior wall of
the vagina and the tip of the penis reaches the anterior
fornix, while in the rear-entry position it is in preferential
contact with the posterior wall of the vagina and probably
reaches the posterior fornix.[15]
Basic position involves ventral-ventral contact

Though there are a number of variations and adoptions

of the missionary position, the classic missionary position
involves a man and a woman, with the woman lying on her
back and the man on top.

2.1

2.2 Position of legs

Basic position

In the missionary position, a woman lies on her back with

her legs comfortably spread either at or raised toward
her chest with the soles of the feet resting on the mattress. The penetrating partner approaches the woman on
his knees between her spread legs; and either uses his
arms to hold himself up, or lets his weight rest against
her. When the womans vagina is suciently lubricated,
which may involve ngering her vulva or clitoris in parRaising legs allows for deep penetration
ticular, the man will level his erect penis with her vagina
for penetration, and may use ngers to open the womans A receiving womans legs and arms are generally free
labia and guide the penis in.
to move about, though her position and movement may
Inside the vagina, the man controls the force, depth, pace be constrained by the penetrating partners weight and
and rhythm of thrusts, but the woman has some control in some other way. A woman can adjust the position
by pushing her feet and legs against the mattress and by of her legs for comfort, variety and to control the anside movements in her pelvis as well as by clutching onto gle and depth of penetration. Generally, the higher a

2.4

Buttery position

womans legs, the deeper is the penetration. When the

legs are raised in any way, the woman has less control
of the rhythm of thrusts. Also, raising the legs raises
the womans pelvis, reduces the angle of penetration, and
lowers the level of clitoral stimulation.
A womans legs can remain at or raised toward her
chest, or wrapped around the penetrating partner at various heights: at the back of the legs, at the buttocks or
back or over the shoulders, in a position called the Wiener
Auster or Viennese oyster.[16] In the higher leg positions
the womans legs may need some support, which may be
achieved by crossing the ankles behind the partner or resting on his shoulders. She may also hold them with her
hands or cross her arms around them at the knees. Some
are exible enough to cross the legs behind their heads. A woman in the Wiener Auster (Viennese oyster) position
Alternatively, her partner may hold her legs up.[17] Separating straight legs carry the risk of muscle pull of thigh the legs in a comfortable position and continue on with
muscles. The laying by the partner on raised legs puts intercourse.[25]
excessive pressure on the womans back.
A pillow or sex pillow (especially a rm one) can be
used,[18] to alter the depth and angle of penetration. A 2.4
wedge- or ramp-shaped pillow can relieve pressure on the
top persons hands and arms.[19] Placing a pillow under
the womans buttocks can lift her pelvisa Playboy article suggested placing it under her hips to increase pressure
on the clitoris.[20] Each of these methods can increase the
depth of penetration. Raising the clitoris generally allows
easier access to it in this position. Using a pillow can also
help the woman arch her back and avoid backache.[21]

Buttery position

In one variant, the woman may lift and slightly bend her
legs, resting her feet at on the mattress. This shortens
the distance between the vagina and cervix, and may apply more friction to the area termed the G-Spot. The
woman may nd this more comfortable than the standard
position,[22] and it can allow her to push against the mans
thrust, giving her some control over the rhythm.[23]
A woman in the buttery position
Placing the womans legs on or over the mans shoulders
provides the deepest possible penetration. This variant The woman can lie on her back with her hips on the edge
is sometimes called the anvil.[24] This position aims the of a platform such as a bed, table, kitchen bench, desk
[26]
head of the penis at the vaginal fornix (posterior fornix). etc. while the man penetrates her while standing. The
When the legs are held mid-level in this way, the penis can woman can move her body freely. She can dangle her legs
achieve signicant depth while attempting to stimulate the over the edge or raise them to any height or manner menG-Spot and achieving more friction on the top of its shaft. tioned above. The woman can rest her legs on the man
or he can hold them or separate them. The woman has
a greater ability to move her pelvis and to arch her back,
and the man can raise, support or restrict the movement
2.3 Viennese oyster position
of her pelvis. The woman is not weighed down by the
The Viennese oyster position requires great exibility mans weight. This position, sometimes called the butterfrom the woman to perform. The female lies on her back y position, adds variety to the angle and depth of penand moves her legs behind her head, with the groin area etration and generally enables the man to withdraw and
being completely exposed. The male partner penetrates then fully thrust the penis, with faster and more forceful
the vagina from the top. This is a deep penetrating po- thrusts. The downside of this position is that the angle
sition and may not be suitable for men with larger than of penetration results in reduced clitoral stimulation, and
average penis size. However, in most cases, the female the woman may need direct clitoral ngering, either by
will not be exible enough to achieve this position fully, herself or by the man, to achieve orgasm. Alternatively,
and will need to stop well before the legs are behind the the woman may either arch her back or raise her torso
head. If that is the case, the male partner can help hold onto her elbows or arms to reduce the angle and enhance

3 PERCEIVED ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

clitoral stimulation. Also, prior to and after the mans thrusts, in the most sexually sensitive part of her body.
orgasm, the man may need to lie down on the woman.
Some women enjoy the feeling of sexual submission or
of being trapped.[35] Some women enjoy being passive
and carrying the mans weight.[36] The missionary posi2.5 Riding high
tion may also be appropriate for women who desire the
feeling of being taken by the man and want to feel
See also: Coital alignment technique
overpowered.[37]
In the riding high missionary variant, the man enters the
woman in the normal fashion but then shifts his body up
and forward toward her head. He then rocks back and
forth, stimulating her clitoris with his pelvic bone, or base
of his penis. This results in more consistent clitoral stimulation at the cost of a mans deep thrusting; accordingly,
some men prefer to use it during only part of sex.[27]

2.6

Anal sex, tribadism and other aspects

3.2 Physical
The missionary position is commonly used the rst time
a couple has sex. Thomas Stuttaford notes that it may
be more comfortable to do so: The discomfort of early
penetrative sex, if there is any, is usually related to tension in the pelvic or thigh muscles and/or anxiety that
has prevented the usual vaginal lubrication. Muscles of
the pelvic oor are more relaxed if, initially, the missionary position is chosen and a couple of pillows are arranged under the womans bottom so her hips are tilted
upwards.[38] The simplicity of the position makes it
well-suited to the inexperienced.[39] The Lovers Guide
states that missionary lends itself well to sex with a
new partner as it is a romantic yet fairly unadventurous sex position that is non-threatening and loving and
lays neither partner open to strangeness, anxiety and
unfamiliarity.[37]

Penetrative anal sex may be performed on a partner in

the missionary position.[2] The legs may be raised high,
with the knees drawn towards their chest, and with some
sort of support (such as a pillow) under the receivers hips
for comfort and to raise the receivers buttocks. The penetrating partner positions himself between the receivers
legs and aligns his penis with the anus for anal penetration. Instead of penetration, an active partner may perform anilingus on the partner with raised legs.
On the other hand, Sacha Tarkovsky advises women to
Tribadism between women may be performed in the mis- not use the missionary position when having sex for the
sionary position.[28][29] The practice involves women rub- rst time, stating, You are not in control, and it will be
bing their vulvas against each other.[30][31] Female cou- more painful and you cannot do anything but lay [sic]
ples may also engage in the missionary position while one there and take it. She recommends positions such as
or both partners use their ngers or sex toys for stimula- woman on top that allow the woman to control the speed
tion of the clitoris,[2] other parts of the vulva, or vagina. and pressure at which she loses her hymen.[40] However, it
may not be necessary to completely forgo missionary the
rst time; Alphonso Sirtle suggests starting with woman
top until the hymen is torn, and then possibly switching
3 Perceived advantages and disad- on
to missionary or whatever other position is preferred.[41]

vantages

3.1

Psychological

The missionary position allows easy entry into the vagina.

The man can use force and gravity to help himself in,[42]
and the position allows the woman to relax her vaginal
muscles and help her partner guide his penis gently in
with her hand.[43] Suzi Godson said, In an observational
study carried out in The Netherlands, magnetic resonance
imaging was used to study the male and female genitals
during coitus. The images illustrate the very natural t of
the male and female genitals in [the missionary] position.
The penis has the shape of a boomerang one third of its
length consists of the root of the penis and the vaginal
walls wrap snugly around it.[38][44]

There are many appealing psychological aspects of the

missionary position. It is often regarded as a romantic
position because the two partners face each other and may
maintain eye contact; there is potentially a greater amount
of skin-to-skin contact than in any other position; and the
couple can hold each other in their arms, which can easily
segue into cuddling when sex is over. Partners may engage in other intimate contact, such as kissing, or guiding
each others hips with their hands.[32][33][34]
According to Sexual Health Resource, The man-on-top
At the same time, the woman needs a high level of trust sex positions are very good for couples who are trying
in the man on top who is in a dominant position vis-a- to have a baby, because penetration can be very deep.
vis the woman below. Once the man is in place, he is If the woman holds on to her legs behind her knees and
very dicult to dislodge without his co-operation. With draws her thighs right back, sperm can be deposited deep
the mans weight on the woman, especially on her pelvis, in the vagina at the neck of the womb. This provided
the man has control of the rhythm and depth of his the best chance of conception occurring.[8] Getting Preg-

5
nant Tips notes the importance of not using too large
a sex pillow while in the missionary position as it can
cause the sperm to pool behind the cervix.[45] Francoeur
states that male-above sex promotes fertility by keeping
the opening of the vagina higher than the seminal pool,
which, in turn, helps sperm get into the womb and nd
the egg.[46] However, according to BabyCenter, There
is no evidence that any particular sexual position is more
likely to lead to conception.[47] Donnica Moore agrees,
stating that while there are no scientic studies regarding
the best sexual positions for reproduction, the missionary
(man on top) position is typically considered optimal for
conception.[48]

who are dominating and uncreative and selsh about sex.

According to Gina Ogden, the cultural missionary position man on top is not conducive to romance since
If a relationship is based on authoritarian control, keeping one person on top and the other underneath, it gets
old pretty fast for both partners, really.[57] In Women
Who Love Sex, Ogden writes, Think what will happen
to the missionary position when women, en masse, opt
for pleasures that stir body and soul instead of continuing
to do good-girl intercourse by the book.[58] In Chinua
Achebes Things Fall Apart, the main character ridicules
the idea of women making decisions by saying that one
might as well say that the woman lies on top of the man
[59]
Pregnancy Info states that the missionary position may when they are making the baby.
become increasingly awkward for pregnant women as The missionary position has potential for clitoral stimutheir belly begins to grow.[49] The March of Dimes notes, lation in several ways. Christakos assures, This position
Positions that work before pregnancy and early in preg- can give the woman plenty of clitoral stimulation if the
nancy can be uncomfortable or even unsafe at later stages man leans forward thus rubbing his pelvic bone against
of the babys development. For example, a woman should her clitoris.[60] Emily Queenie Chung notes, Also, this
avoid lying at on her back after the fourth month of position is the easiest for a woman to stimulate her clipregnancy, because the weight of the growing uterus puts toris manually.[61] Sexual Health Resource notes that
pressure on major blood vessels.[50] David Port states, also the man can reach under and stimulate his partner
Beginning early in the second trimester, doctors tend to using his ngers on her clitoris although the man has
discourage pregnant women from supine exercise. And limited use of his hands (presumably this would depend
the missionary position is exactly that kind of exercise, on the variant of the position used and whether the mans
at least if the activity lasts more than a few eeting hands are occupied holding himself up).[8]
moments.[51]
Sexual activity in the missionary position, as a form
The deep penetration and large hip thrusts of the missionary position can cause the man to reach orgasm quickly
compared to other positions, which can be problematic
if the couple seeks to reach simultaneous orgasm.[52]
The male reaching orgasm rst can be disruptive to
sex, as 50% of penile erection is lost immediately after ejaculation,[53] making him more likely to inadvertently slip out of the vagina, especially during the strong
pelvic contractions of female orgasm. In addition to
the standard methods for treating premature ejaculation,
Zachary Veilleux notes that this problem can be overcome
by workarounds such as changing positions frequently
(which studies have shown delays male orgasm by a factor of 2-3), using lubrication to reduce friction (friction
stimulates the male but is not as important in female orgasm), or switching to cunnilingus for a while when close
to ejaculation, and then switching back when ejaculation
is no longer imminent.[54]

of physical exercise, may be slightly more vigorous for

the man than in other positions. A study conducted by
Bohlen et al. found that man-on-top coitus required
more metabolic expenditure than woman-on-top coitus
and that the heart rate during man-on-top sex was higher
than in self-stimulation, partner stimulation, or womanon-top.[62] In contrast, one study showed that there was no
dierence in heart rate or blood pressure when comparing these two basic positions, while another showed only
a minor decrease in oxygen consumption or exertion with
the 'man-on-bottom' technique during orgasm.[63]

The missionary position is sometimes mocked as a plain

vanilla sex position.[55] Archer stated, To all the sex
gymnasts, this kind of banal preference looks lazy,
unimaginative and uninformed, but she rebuts this by
pointing out the existence of variations: Missionary is
kind of like tofu: You have to add your own avor.[56]
Perhaps due to the ubiquity of this position, its typical
role as the rst position used by couples, its tendency
to put the man in control of speed, tempo and depth,
its ability to cause him to quickly reach orgasm, and the
fact that it is literally a male-superior position with the
man on top, missionary is sometimes associated with men

The position has been used at least for millennia if not

longer since it is also used by the great apes,[64][65] as
well as other primates.[66] Robert Francoeur notes that
evidence of the missionary positions use appears in ancient pottery and art in the Fertile Crescent as well as
in the art of Early Greeks, Romans, Peruvians, Indians,
Chinese and Japanese.[46] The majority of the positions
described in the Kama Sutra involve the woman lying on
her back with her legs in a variety of positions.[67] According to Canongate, ancient art shows missionary as
being less popular than woman-on-top positions in Ur,
Greece, Rome, Peru, India, China and Japan.[68] But

4 History
See also: History of human sexuality

POPULARITY

semen.

Ancient Greek pottery art, where legs are placed on shoulders

Indian couple in the missionary position

Francoeur states that the ancient Chinese preferred maleon-top because of their belief that males are born face
down and women face up. Kagaba natives in Colombia preferred missionary because of the stability it offers; they believed that if the woman moved during intercourse, the earth would slip o the shoulders of the four
giants who held it up above the waters.[46] Some Kerala
tribes believe that the male-on-top position is the only
way to conceive warriors.[46]
In Greece, the missionary position was originally an unpopular position. Beds existed, yet not as we know them
today, and men married girls 14 or 15 years of age, which
created a height dierential. These factors made the rearentry standing position more convenient.[69] However,
circa the second century, Artemidos popularized the missionary position among Greco-Roman Stoics, declaring it
the only proper and natural position due to the ow of

Although the Bible does not mention sexual positions,

from the 6th to 16th centuries, some Church authorities taught that intercourse should be face-to-face, manon-top, primarily because they believed that semen ows
with gravity, leading to conception.[6] Exceptions were
made for couples dealing with illness, obesity, or pregnancy. According to John Bancrofts Human Sexuality
and Its Problems, Thomas Aquinas believed that crimes
against nature included intercourse in unnatural ways.
Protestants did not communicate proper sex positions,
and the Catholic Church eventually abandoned its discourse on the topic.[70] Simon Hardy wrote that the missionary position was used to distinguish bestial and civilized sex.[71]
Others who held that missionary was the only permitted
position included Alexander of Hales and the author of
De secretis mulierum, who suggested that nonstandard positions might result in birth defects.[72] Ruth Mazo Karras
states that William Peraldus' treatise Summa de virtutibus
et vitiis distinguished between sins against nature that
were according to the substance (intercourse other than
vaginal) and according to the manner, as when a woman
mounts.[73] Nicholas Venettes 1770s-era sex manual
praised the missionary position as the common posture...which is most allowable and most voluptuous.[74]
Numerous sources have reported that in the United States,
some states had outlawed positions other than missionary between husband and wife, or will grant a divorce to
a woman whose husband makes love to her in another
position. While many states formerly outlawed oral sex,
anal sex, buggery, or other unnatural acts, no US law
has banned dorso-ventral heterosexual sex, or specied
which partner needed to be on top.[75]

5 Popularity
Among humans, the missionary position is the most commonly used sex position.[3][35][76] In his seminal study
Sexual Behavior in the Human Female (1953), which focused on American women, researcher Alfred Kinsey
stated that 91% of married women surveyed reported using this position most often, whereas 9% reported using
it exclusively.[77] A The Journal of Sexual Medicine study
entitled What Kind of Erotic Film Clips Should We Use
in Female Sex Research? An Exploratory Study selected
18 lm clips out of a sample of 90 that were found by
the women studied to be particularly mentally appealing
and visually arousing. 21% of the original 90 involved
the missionary position, but 33% of the nal 18 involved
missionary.[78] Fewer than 10% of sexually active persons rarely or never use the missionary position.[79] According to Francoeur, the Brazilian Bororo Indians eschew missionary, nding it insulting for either partner
to be above the other during sex.[46] Balinese shun the
man-on-top position in favor of the Oceanic position due

7
to their perception of the former as being impractical [15] A. Faix, J. F. Lapray, O. Callede, A. Maubon, K. Lanfrey
(2002). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Sexual
and clumsy.[46] The Cashinahua people use the missionIntercourse: Second Experience in Missionary Position
ary position to stay stable when they have sex in a forest
[46]
and Initial Experience in Posterior Position (PDF). Jourstream to avoid insect bites.
The inhabitants of Inis
nal of Sex & Marital Therapy. 28(s): 6376.
Beag practice the missionary position exclusively, with
[46]
very limited foreplay. In addition to humans, the mis- [16] Lexikon der Erotik by Lykke Aresin and Kurt Starke.
sionary position is also used by certain other species inDroemer-Knaur, 1996. ISBN 3-426-77174-8, p.597.
cluding bonobos,[80] gorillas,[81] and armadillos.[82]
[17] Viennese Oyster - Sex Position

See also
Beast with two backs
Human sexuality

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[57] Peres, Judy (2008-11-17). Study: Feminists are better

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External links
The How and Why of Coital Alignment Technique
Easier Orgasms for Women in the Missionary Position

10

9 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

9.1

Text

Missionary position Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missionary_position?oldid=659808607 Contributors: AxelBoldt, Fubar Obfusco, Montrealais, Leandrod, PhilipMW, Liftarn, Cyde, Karada, Delirium, Tregoweth, Ahoerstemeier, Julesd, Haabet, Nikai, Reddi,
DJ Clayworth, Fvw, Calieber, Phil Boswell, Robbot, Hankwang, Zandperl, Donreed, Rfc1394, Meelar, Auric, Lupo, Carnildo, Arun,
Exploding Boy, Dbenbenn, Everyking, No Guru, Hoho~enwiki, Michael Devore, Mboverload, Proslaes, Gugganij, SarekOfVulcan, Knutux, ShakataGaNai, Kit Foxtrot, YuTanaka~enwiki, Tromatic, Trilobite, A-giau, Discospinster, Rich Farmbrough, Rama, Aris Katsaris,
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Leptictidium, Lt-wiki-bot, Fram, NetRolller 3D, Eog1916, SmackBot, TomGreen, Zazaban, C.Fred, Rbreen, XU HANHUI, Ssbohio,
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MC10, Gogo Dodo, Damifb, Oxonian2006, Tawkerbot4, Manfroze, Roberta F., Helvetica, Blaise Joshua, Bobthecoolman, Dasani, All
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Hpmeyer, RjwilmsiBot, Trekki 200, GrantedANotice, DASHBot, EmausBot, John of Reading, Orphan Wiki, Mudkipz737, A piece of
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MerlIwBot, Hamishandandyrock, Helpful Pixie Bot, Jbelker, Heading indexing, Benq21, Jfhutson, Zracer20, BattyBot, Gcallister19, I
call the big one bitey, Lovelove098, Driodmen, John123867, Richard manayunk, PinkAmpersand, Eyesnore, Prasadaman, Archmarch,
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9.2

Images

File:Commons-logo.svg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg License: ? Contributors: ? Original

artist: ?
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Created from scratch in Adobe Illustrator. Based on Image:Question book.png created by User:Equazcion Original artist:
Tkgd2007
File:Sexual_scene_at_a_red-figure_tondo_of_a_kylix_at_the_Museo_nazionale_(Tarquinia).jpg
Source:
http://upload.
wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Sexual_scene_at_a_red-figure_tondo_of_a_kylix_at_the_Museo_nazionale_%28Tarquinia%
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9.3

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