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TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE
INVESTMENT
President Eisenhowers vision is even more relevant today than it was in 1955, when he said
in his State of the Union Address, "A m
odern, efficient highway system is essential to meet the needs of our growing population, our
expanding economy, and our national security."
requiring more than four hours in some cases. OrePac increased inventories by seven toeight
percent because of congestion delays, siphoning of resources that could have been used
forother investment.PGE estimated that it spent approximately $500,000 a year foradditional
travel time for its maintenance crews.7-to14 days of inventory to compensate for shipping
delays.8One day of delay requires American President Line's eastbound trans Pacific
services to increase its use of containers and chassis by 1,300, which adds $4 million in costs
per year.9A week-long disruption to container movements through the Ports of Los Angeles
and Long Beach could cost the national economy between $65 and $150 million per day
Higher land values and local economic developmentTransportation investments affect not
only the level of economic output butgeographic distributionof economic activity. Declining
transportation costs in the past facilitated the growth of cities across the United States.
Chicago, for example, grew in size and importance because it served as acentral hub between
the fruitful plains of the mid-west and the markets of the and Europe. Infrastructure
investment can also raise property values, particularly if these investments bring about
improvements in local living standards (including shorter commute times and greater
proximity to desirable amenities).10For example, research suggests that proximity to public
transit raises the value of residential and commercial real estate. Bernard Weinstein studied
the effect of the Dallaslight rail system on property values, and found that a jump in total
valuations around light rail stations was about 25 percent greater than in similar
neighborhoods not served by the system.11This is consistent with studies conducted in
St.Louis,12Chicago,13Sacramento,14and San Diego,15all of which find that property values
experience a premium effect when located near public transit systems.
LAPORAN PENELITIAN
Economic Development
Di Susun oleh:
Yesica Angelida Sihombing
1622091
2016
Kesimpulan:
Visi Presiden Eisenhower bahkan lebih relevan hari ini daripada itu pada tahun
1955, ketika ia mengatakan dalam State of the Union Address, "A modern,
sistem jalan raya yang efisien sangat penting untuk memenuhi kebutuhan
penduduk kita tumbuh, ekonomi berkembang kami, dan keamanan nasional kita.
"
Visi Laporan penelitian ini membuat tidak hanya jalan raya bangsa kita, tetapi
seluruh sistem infrastruktur, lebih efisien dan efektif.
Sebuah jaringan transportasi berkinerja baik memungkinkan perusahaan untuk
mengelolapersediaan dan barang transportasi lebih murah, ofsuppliers akses
avariety dan pasar untuk produk mereka, dan getemployees andal untuk
bekerja. keluarga Amerika mendapatkan keuntungan juga: sebagai konsumen,
dari barang-barang dengan harga lebih rendah, dan sebagai pekerja, dengan
memperoleh akses yang lebih baik ke jobs.An jaringan transportasi yang efisien
juga memungkinkan perusahaan dan orang-orang untuk menemukan dekat satu
sama lain, sehingga mereka bisa mendapatkan keuntungan dari akses bersama
untuk input dari produksi, wawasan pertama yang diakui di 1890s.1This semua
lebih penting sebagai ekonomi regional dengan daerah perkotaan, pinggiran kota
dan pedesaan saling mengandalkan satu sama lain untuk inovasi, kerja, dan
pertumbuhan menjadi lebih penting inManufacturing, energi, pariwisata,
teknologi, dan lainnya industries.Evaluating US bagaimana transportasi dan
infrastruktur lainnya manfaat ekonomi secara keseluruhan telah menjadi subyek
dari literatur ekonomi yang luas. Penelitian David Aschauer ini ditemukan sangat
largeeco keuntungan eko- dari modal publik umumnya (termasuk namun tidak