Mindanao Medical Foundation College

P. Villanueva St., Agdao Davao City

Tel No. 221-6225
Nutrition and Diet Therapy
2nd semester 2015-2016
Name:________________________________Course/Year__________Score___________
Midterm
Permit Number____________Date____________
Prepared by: Krista Mae C. Lazo, RN
A. True/ False
Instructions: Write the word TRUE if the statement provided is accurate and write
the word FALSE if stated otherwise.
________1. Adequate weight gain during pregnancy ensures delivery of a normal-weight
baby.
________2. Obese women should not gain weight during pregnancy.
________3. An important source of folic acid is ready-to-eat breakfast cereals.
________4. Both inadequate and excessive maternal weight gain during pregnancy are
associated with overweight or obesity in the offspring later in life.
________5. To get enough calcium during pregnancy, women need to double their usual
intake of milk.
________6. Infants have higher requirements per kilogram of body weight for calories
and most nutrients than adults do.
________7. If breastfeeding is discontinued before the infants first birthday, nutrition
should be supplied with iron-fortified infant formula.
________8. Protein is the nutrient of most concern when solids are introduced into the
diet.
________9. A potential problem with early introduction of solid foods is overfeeding.
________10. Iron deficiency in young children may be related to drinking too much milk.
B. Multiple Choice
Instructions: Select the correct answer for each item by encircling the
corresponding letter of your choice using your ordinary black pen. STRICTLY NO
ERASURE ALLOWED. Items with two or more answers or marked choices will be
considered incorrect. (If you are not yet sure of your answer, leave the item blank,
then go back to that number before the end of the examination.)
1. The infant developing in the mothers uterus is called the
a. sperm
c. placenta
b. fetus
d. ovary
2. A common form of anemia is caused by
a. pica
b. an excess of vitamin A

c. a lack of iron
d. improper cooking of

meat

3. High blood pressure, edema, and albumin in the urine are symptoms of
a. nausea
c. pica
b. anemia
d. pregnancy-induced hypertension
4. A common name given nausea in early pregnancy is
a. morning sickness
b. pica
c. pregnancy-induced hypertension
d. mortality
5. Folate and vitamin B12 requirements increase during pregnancy because of their
roles in
a. building strong bones and teeth
b. fighting infections in the placenta
c. building blood
d. enzyme action
6. The average additional daily energy requirement for the pregnant woman during the
last two trimesters
is
a. 100 calories
c. 500 calories
b. 300 calories
d. 1,000 calories
7. The additional calories required during pregnancy can be met by
a. eating steak each day
b. drinking a malted milk each day
c. using an additional pint of fat-free milk each day
d. using an iron supplement
8. Craving nonfood substances during pregnancy is known as
a. anemia
b. megaloblastic anemia
c. nausea
d. pica
9. During pregnancy, the average weight gain is
a. 15 to 24 pounds
c. 11 to 24 kilograms
b. 25 to 35 pounds
d. 15 to 24 kilograms
10. The period during which a mother nurses her baby is known as
a. pregnancy
c. lactation
b. trimester
d. obstetrics
11. Which statement indicates the mother understands the nurses instructions about
breastfeeding?
a. Breastfeeding should only last 5 minutes on each breast.
b. Sometimes babies cry just because they are thirsty, so a bottle of water
should be offered before breastfeeding begins to see if the infant is just thirsty.
c. The longer the baby sucks, the less milk I will have for the next feeding.
d. The first breast offered should be alternated with each feeding.

12. A mother asks why toddlers shouldnt drink all the milk they want. Which of the
following is the nurses best response?
a. Consuming more than the recommended amount of milk can displace the
intake of iron-rich foods from the diet and increase the toddlers risk of iron
deficiency anemia.
b. Consuming more than the recommended amount of milk increases the risk of
milk allergy.
c. Too much milk can lead to overhydration.
d. Consuming more than the recommended amount of milk will provide too
much protein.
13. The nurse knows her instructions about introducing solids into the infants diet have
been effective when the mother states
a. Babies should be introduced to solid foods at 1 to 3 months of age.
b. New foods should be given for 5 to 7 days so that allergic responses can be
easily identified.
c. Infants are more likely to accept infant cereal for the first time if it is mixed with
breast milk or formula and given from a bottle.
d. The appropriate initial serving size for solids is 1 to 2 tbsp.
14. Which of the following would be the best snack for a 2-year-old?
a. Popcorn
b. Banana slices
c. Fresh cherries
d. Raw celery
15. Which groups are adolescents most likely to eat in inadequate amounts? Select all
that apply.
a. Whole grains
b. Vegetables
c. Fruits
d. Meat
16. The client asks if her 10-year-old daughter needs a weight loss diet. Which of the
following would be the nurses best response?
a. Rather than a diet at this age, you should just forbid her to eat sweets and
empty calories.
b. Because prevention of overweight is more effective than treatment, you
should start to limit her calorie intake by only serving low-fat and artificially
sweetened foods.
c. Ten-year-old girls are about to enter the growth spurt of puberty, and it is
natural for her to gain weight before she grows taller. Diets are not recommended
for children, although healthy eating and moderation are always appropriate.
d. She needs extra calories for the upcoming growth spurt, so you should be
encouraging her to eat more than she normally does.
17. Calorie and nutrient requirements during adolescence
a. Are higher than during adulthood because of growth and developmental
changes.
b. Peak early and then fall until adulthood is reached.
c. Are lower than during childhood.

d. Cannot be generalized because individual variations exist.

18. Nutrients most likely to be deficient in an adolescents diet are
a. Vitamin A and folate
b. Protein and vitamin C
c. Zinc and phosphorus
d. Iron and calcium
19. A woman trying to become pregnant was told by her physician to take a daily
supplement containing 400 ug of folic acid. She asks why a supplement is better than
eating folic acid through food. Which statement is the nurses best response?
a. There are few natural sources of folate in food.
b. Synthetic folic acid in supplements and fortified foods is better absorbed,
more available, and a more reliable source than the folate found naturally in
food.
c. Folate in food is equally as good as folic acid in supplements. It is just easier
to take it in pill form and then you dont have to worry about how much youre
getting in food.
d. If you are sure that you eat at least five servings of fruits and vegetables
every day, you dont really need to take a supplement of folic acid.
20. A woman who was at her healthy weight when she got pregnant is distraught by her
5-pound weight gain between 20 and 24 weeks of gestation. At this point in her
pregnancy, her weight gain is right on target. What is the nurses best response?
a. "A 5-pound per month weight gain at this point in your pregnancy is normal."
b. Although it is considerably less than the recommended amount, it is not a
cause for concern. Just be sure to follow your meal plan next month so you get
enough calories and nutrients.
c. I recommend you write down everything you eat for a few days so we can
identify where the problem lies.
d. A 5-pound weight gain in 1 month at this point in your pregnancy may be a
sign that you are at risk of preeclampsia. You should cut back on the extras in
your diet to limit your weight gain for next month.
21. Which of the following conditions are associated with a high-risk pregnancy? Select
all that apply.
a. Prepregnancy BMI of 20
b. Prepregnancy BMI of greater than 25
c. Maternal age of 30
d. Pregnancies spaced less than 18 months apart
22. At her first prenatal visit, an overweight woman asks how much weight she should
gain during the course of her pregnancy. What is the nurses best response?
a. You should not gain any weight during your pregnancy. You have adequate
calorie reserves to meet all the energy demands of pregnancy without gaining
additional weight.
b. You should try to gain less than 15 pounds.
c. Aim for a 15- to 25-pound weight gain.
d. The recommended weight gain for your weight is 25 to 35 pounds.

23. Which of the following statements indicates that the pregnant woman understands
the recommendations about caffeine intake during pregnancy?
a. I have to give up drinking coffee and cola.
b. I will limit my intake of coffee to about 2 cups a day and avoid other sources
of caffeine.
c. As long as I dont drink coffee, I can eat other sources of caffeine because
they dont contain enough to cause any problems.
d. Caffeine is harmless during pregnancy, so I am allowed to consume as much
as I want.
24. What nutrient is not likely to be consumed in adequate amounts during pregnancy so
a supplement is recommended?
a. Iron
b. Calcium
c. Vitamin B12
d. Vitamin C
25. A woman at 5 weeks of gestation is complaining of nausea throughout the day. What
should the nurse recommend?
a. Small, frequent meals of easily digested carbohydrates
b. Small, frequent meals that are high in protein
c. A liquid diet until the nausea subsides
d. A low fiber intake
26. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Women who breastfeed almost always achieve their prepregnancy weight at
6 weeks postpartum.
b. Weight loss during lactation is not recommended because it lowers the
quantity and quality of breast milk produced.
c. Breastfeeding women do not have to increase their intake by the full amount
of calories it costs to produce milk because they can mobilize fat stored during
pregnancy for some of the extra energy required.
d. Women do not need to increase their calorie intake at all for the first 6 months
of breastfeeding because they can use calories stored in fat to produce milk.
27. The most important single predictor of an infants future health and survival is:
a. the infants birth weight.
b. the infants iron status at birth.
c. the mothers weight at delivery.
d. the mothers prepregnancy weight.
28. A mothers prepregnancy nutrition is important to a healthy pregnancy because it
determines the development of:
a. the largest baby possible.
b. adequate maternal iron stores.
c. an adequate fat supply for the mother.
d. healthy support tissuesthe placenta, amniotic sac, umbilical cord, and
uterus.
29. A pregnant woman needs an extra 450 calories above the allowance for nonpregnant
women during which trimester(s)?

a. First
b. Second
c. Third
d. First, second, and third
30. Two nutrients needed in large amounts during pregnancy for rapid cell proliferation
are:
a. vitamin B12 and vitamin C.
b. calcium and vitamin B6.
c. folate and vitamin B12.
d. copper and zinc.
31. For a woman who is at the appropriate weight for height and is carrying a single
fetus, the recommended weight gain during pregnancy is:
a. 40 to 60 pounds.
b. 25 to 35 pounds.
c. 10 to 20 pounds.
d. 20 to 40 pounds.
32. Rewards of physical activity during pregnancy may include:
a. weight loss.
b. decreased incidence of pica.
c. relief from morning sickness.
d. reduced stress and easier labor.
33. During pregnancy, the combination of high blood pressure and protein in the urine
signals:
a. jaundice.
b. preeclampsia.
c. gestational diabetes.
d. gestational hypertension.
34. Which of the following preventative measures should pregnant women take to avoid
contracting listeriosis?
a. Choose soft rather than aged cheeses.
b. Avoid pasteurized milk.
c. Thoroughly heat hot dogs.
d. Avoid raw fruits and vegetables.
35. To facilitate lactation, a mother needs:
a. about 5000 kcalories a day.
b. adequate nutrition and fluid intake.
c. vitamin and mineral supplements.
d. a glass of wine or beer before each feeding.
36. A woman who breastfeeds her infant should drink plenty of water to:
a. produce more milk.
b. suppress lactation.
c. prevent dehydration.
d. dilute nutrient concentrations.

37. Breast milk is recommended for the first 12 months of life because it offers complete
nutrition and ___ to the infant.
a. fluoride
b. fructose
c. immunological protection
d. pica
38. Which of the following is a characteristic of iron deficiency in children?
a. It rarely develops in those with high intakes of milk.
b. It affects brain function before anemia sets in.
c. It is a primary factor in hyperactivity.
d. Mild deficiency enhances mental performance by lowering physical activity
level, thereby leading to increased attention span.
39. Three symptoms of lead toxicity are:
a. diarrhea, irritability, and fatigue.
b. low blood sugar, hair loss, and skin rash.
c. increased heart rate, hyperactivity, and dry skin.
d. bleeding gums, brittle fingernails, and swollen glands.
40. Allergic reactions to foods are most often caused by:
a. corn, rice, or meats.
b. eggs, peanuts, or milk.
c. red meats, milk, or MSG.
d. seafood, dark greens, or lactose.
41. When introducing new foods to children:
a. reward children as they try new foods.
b. offer many choices to encourage variety.
c. offer one new food at the end of the meal.
d. offer one new food at the beginning of the meal.
42. Which of the following is not true? Children who watch a lot of television are likely to:
a. become obese.
b. spend less time being physically active.
c. learn healthy eating tips from programs.
d. eat the foods most often advertised on television.
43. Which of the following strategies is not effective?
a. Play first, eat later.
b. Provide small portions.
c. Encourage children to help prepare meals.
d. Use dessert as a reward for eating vegetables.
44. During the growth spurt of adolescence:
a. females gain more weight than males.
b. males gain more fat, proportionately, than females.
c. differences in body composition between males and females become
apparent.
d. similarities in body composition between males and females become apparent.

45. Two nutrients that are usually lacking in adolescents diets are:
a. zinc and fat.
b. iron and calcium.
c. protein and thiamin.
d. vitamin A and riboflavin.
46. To help teenagers consume a balanced diet, parents can:
a. monitor the teens food intake.
b. give upparents cant influence teenagers.
c. keep the cabinets and refrigerator well stocked.
d. forbid snacking and insist on regular, well-balanced meals.
47. Overweight during middle age is often due to
a. obesity
b. hypertension
c. adipose tissue
d. energy imbalance
48. The measure of energy in foods eaten is ones
a. calorie requirement
b. calorie intake
c. nutrient requirement
d. energy imbalance
49. Because of menstruation and pregnancy during the young and middle years, women
have a greater need than men for
a. proteins
c. iodine
b. B vitamins
d. iron
50. Calorie requirements
a. increase with age
b. decrease with age
c. remain unchanged throughout adult life
d. none of the above
c. Computation & Analysis
Instructions: Compute for the following data. Please show your complete solution and
box your final answers.
1. Find the BMI
A person is 1.75 m tall and has a weight of 70 kg.
Solution:

BMI:
Weight Category:
Interventions:
a.
b.

c.
2. Find the BMI
A person is 5'6" (66) tall and has a weight of 100 lb.
Solution:

BMI:
Weight Category:
Interventions:
a.
b.
c.
3. Calculate the energy available from food
One bagel plus one and a half ounces of cream cheese contains 39 grams of
carbohydrate, 10 grams of Protein and 16 grams of fat.

Total kilocalories:
Determine the percentage of calories from fat in this situation

Answer:
Questions:
a. Does it exceed the recommended dietary intake for fat?

b. Explain the current dietary recommendations regarding fat intake.