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Useful Formulas for Power System Analy

& Power Factor Correction

The formulas on this web page may be utilized in designing power factor c
filter banks.

Programs
Harmonic Analysis Program

Formula Symbols
C
fs
f
I
I1, I2
Imax peak

Ih
Kvar
kVAtx
Ztx
kVAr
KVA
kV

Capacitance (farads)
System Frequency
Frequency (Hertz)
Current (amps)
Currents of bank or stages being switc
energized
A peak value calculated without damp
be about 90 percent of this value
RMS current (amps) at harmonic (h)
Reactive Power (kvar)
Three-phase transformer rating
Nameplate impedance (%)
Three-phase capacitor bank rating
Total Power (kVA)
kilovolts (kv)

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How to determine wire size 1,2,4,8 ?

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Lawrence
B. Keys View profile

More options Sep 15 1992,

9:51 am

Newsgroups: rec.audio.car
From: k...@starchild.ncsl.nist.gov (Lawrence B. Keys)
Date: 15 Sep 92 13:13:13 GMT
Local: Tues, Sep 15 1992 6:13 pm
Subject: How to determine wire size 1,2,4,8 ?
Reply to author | Forward | Print | Individual message | Show original | Report this message |
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First off, thanks, to all who responded to my questions about, signal

cables. I finally bought two sets of Pheonix Gold signal cables.
Two 16ft lengths ended up costing $83.00. I looks like i'll end up
spending close to $200.00 for cables and wires alone by the time i'am
done. :(
This question concerns the power wire. Is there a formula/guideline for
determining the wire size? I realize that there are factors such as
amp power output, distance running power lead, but i still don't know what
guage to use. The biggest problem for me is cost. Prices seem to be
between $1.50 - $7.50 per foot. I need at least 20ft.
Here's the situation:
I have a 4x40 watt amp. It uses a 30A built in fuse. I will be adding at
least another 100-150 watt amp for a sub.

cable size usa

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Here's the question:

For a run of 20 feet, and amplification of about 350 watts, what is the
smallest guage power wire that i can use safely? And how is this determined?
BTW, this power wire will be fused at the battery, and will terminate
at a Pheonix Gold fuse/distribution block (MFB22 with BB2).
respond to net or e-mail
thanks,
.
/
Larry
__/ ______ /
k...@csmes.ncsl.nist.gov
/
\
___
__
_____ \------- ===
---------- / __ / / / /__ __/
\
/
/ / ____ / /
//
|
|
/ /___/ / / /__ __/ /__
/
/_____
\______/ /_____ / /______/
--- ////
\_____
2 liter 16v
\_______/
lb.'n till it Hz

Reply to author Forward

Tim
R
WitortView profile

More options Sep 15 1992,

5:05 pm

Newsgroups: rec.audio.car
From: t...@spl1.spl.loral.com (Tim R Witort)
Date: 15 Sep 92 20:16:15 GMT
Local: Wed, Sep 16 1992 1:16 am
Subject: Re: How to determine wire size 1,2,4,8 ?
Reply to author | Forward | Print | Individual message | Show original | Report this message |
Find messages by this author

In article <5...@dove.nist.gov>, k...@starchild.ncsl.nist.gov (Lawrence B.

Keys) writes:
|> Here's the question:
|>
|> For a run of 20 feet, and amplification of about 350 watts, what is the
|> smallest guage power wire that i can use safely? And how is this
determined?
The key is the amount of CURRENT (amps) that your system will
require. This is determined by adding up the maximum current usage
specified for each component. This total amperage determines what
guage wire you need. Certain guages can safely carry certain amounts

of current. I don't have a guage-amp chart with me, but I think

8 guage wire can safely carry 30 amps for 20 feet. (?) Obviously, you
should get at least the minimum guage required, and the lowest guage
that you can afford.
|> Larry
-- Tim

Reply to author Forward

Jason
Davis

Sep 16 1992,
5:59 am
In article <5...@dove.nist.gov>
k...@starchild.ncsl.nist.gov (Lawrence
B. Keys) writes: ...stuff deleted A >This
question concerns the power wire. Is
there a formula/guideline for
>determining the wire size? I realize
that there are factors such as >amp
power output, distance running power
lead, but i still don't know what >guage
to use. The biggest problem for me is
cost. Prices seem to be >between $1.50
- $7.50 per foot. I need at least 20ft. ...
neat .sig deleted (I like it ;-) )) Answer:
Yes! The following chart and formula is
from the Official International
Auto
Sound Challenge Association
Competitor Judging Handbook. If y
you're not a competitor it is wise to use
this guide. If you ARE a
competitor
it is REQUIRED (if you want a shot at
contest). There seems
to be a lot
of uncertainty as to the size necessary
along this thread.
I hope this helps
to clear things up. :-)
POWER CABLE CALCULATOR
Recommended MINIMUM Guage
Size Current -4ft. 4-7 7-10 10-13 1316 16-19 19-22 22-28 <--length in ft.
0- 20A 14 12 12 10 10
8
8
8 20- 35A 12 10 8
8
6
6
6
4 35- 50A 10 8 8
6
6
4
4
4 50- 65A
8 8
6
4
4
4
4
2 65- 85A
6 6 4
4
2
2
2
0 85105A
6 6 4
2
2
2
2
0 105-125A
4 4 4
2
2
0
0
0 125-150A
2 2 2
2
0
0
0 00 This chart is for
Copper wire. The next larger, even size
should be selected if Aluminum wire is
used. The formula for determining

current draw of an amplifier is as

follows: Total rated RMS output into
connected load Res. X 2 = Total input
wattage Total input wattage / Supply
voltage = Maximum input current
Example: 100W into 4ohms = 100W
100W X 2 = 200W 200W / 13V =
15.38A
200W into 2ohms =
200W
200W X 2 = 400W 400W /
13V = 30.77A An amplifier efficiency
rating of 50% is used as an average.
B ...SOURCE: Official IASCA
Competitor Judging Handbook
copyright 1991 IASCA Reminder:
IASCA National Finals Oct. 16-18,
1991 Tulsa, Oklahoma
...see
you there ;-) /| Jason Lee Davis
<jda...@wizard.etsu.edu> |\
||/_| Shiloh Productions sound co. ____
<s29...@etsuv2.etsu.edu> |_\|| ||\ |
Rt. 1 Box 175
(_ |_)
<s29...@etsuvax2.bitnet> | /|| \|
Klondike, Texas 75448 ________)|
_____ (903) 886-2903
|/

>This question concerns the power wire. Is there a formula/guideline for

>determining the wire size? I realize that there are factors such as
>amp power output, distance running power lead, but i still don't know what
>guage to use. The biggest problem for me is cost. Prices seem to be
>between $1.50 - $7.50 per foot. I need at least 20ft.

Cancel

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Paul
Forgey

More options Sep 19 1992,

View profile

6:35 am

Newsgroups: rec.audio.car
From: p...@halcyon.com (Paul Forgey)
Date: Sat, 19 Sep 1992 06:05:17 GMT
Local: Sat, Sep 19 1992 11:05 am
Subject: Re: How to determine wire size 1,2,4,8 ?
Reply to author | Forward | Print | Individual message | Show original | Report this message |
Find messages by this author

t...@spl1.spl.loral.com (Tim R Witort) writes:

>In article <5...@dove.nist.gov>, k...@starchild.ncsl.nist.gov (Lawrence B.
Keys) writes:
>|> Here's the question:
>|>
>|> For a run of 20 feet, and amplification of about 350 watts, what is the
>|> smallest guage power wire that i can use safely? And how is this
determined?
> The key is the amount of CURRENT (amps) that your system will
>require. This is determined by adding up the maximum current usage
>specified for each component. This total amperage determines what
>guage wire you need. Certain guages can safely carry certain amounts
>of current. I don't have a guage-amp chart with me, but I think
>8 guage wire can safely carry 30 amps for 20 feet. (?) Obviously, you
>should get at least the minimum guage required, and the lowest guage
>that you can afford.
>|> Larry
The lower the guage, the more on demand current available to your amp
with less voltage drop. I use 4 Guage just in 200 watt systems, with a
heavy distribution block distributing 8 guage to each individual amp, withing 2
feet away.

-pa...@halcyon.com

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How to determine wire size 1,2,4,8 ?

More options
Show message list >
Proportional text Fixed text
4
messages

Lawrence
B. Keys View profile

More options Sep 15 1992,

9:51 am

Newsgroups: rec.audio.car
From: k...@starchild.ncsl.nist.gov (Lawrence B. Keys)
Date: 15 Sep 92 13:13:13 GMT
Local: Tues, Sep 15 1992 6:13 pm
Subject: How to determine wire size 1,2,4,8 ?
Reply to author | Forward | Print | Individual message | Show original | Report this message | Find messages by
this author

First off, thanks, to all who responded to my questions about, signal

cables. I finally bought two sets of Pheonix Gold signal cables.
Two 16ft lengths ended up costing $83.00. I looks like i'll end up
spending close to $200.00 for cables and wires alone by the time i'am
done. :(
This question concerns the power wire. Is there a formula/guideline for
determining the wire size? I realize that there are factors such as
amp power output, distance running power lead, but i still don't know what
guage to use. The biggest problem for me is cost. Prices seem to be
between $1.50 - $7.50 per foot. I need at least 20ft.

Here's the situation:

I have a 4x40 watt amp. It uses a 30A built in fuse. I will be adding at
least another 100-150 watt amp for a sub.
Here's the question:
For a run of 20 feet, and amplification of about 350 watts, what is the
smallest guage power wire that i can use safely? And how is this determined?
BTW, this power wire will be fused at the battery, and will terminate
at a Pheonix Gold fuse/distribution block (MFB22 with BB2).
respond to net or e-mail
thanks,
.
/
Larry
__/ ______ /
k...@csmes.ncsl.nist.gov
/
\
___
__
_____ \------- ===
---------- / __ / / / /__ __/
\
/
/ / ____ / /
//
|
|
/ /___/ / / /__ __/ /__
/
/_____
\______/ /_____ / /______/
--- ////
\_____
2 liter 16v
\_______/
lb.'n till it Hz

Reply to author Forward

Tim
R
WitortView profile

More options Sep 15 1992,

5:05 pm

Newsgroups: rec.audio.car
From: t...@spl1.spl.loral.com (Tim R Witort)
Date: 15 Sep 92 20:16:15 GMT
Local: Wed, Sep 16 1992 1:16 am
Subject: Re: How to determine wire size 1,2,4,8 ?
Reply to author | Forward | Print | Individual message | Show original | Report this message | Find messages by
this author

In article <5...@dove.nist.gov>, k...@starchild.ncsl.nist.gov (Lawrence B. Keys) writes:

|> Here's the question:
|>
|> For a run of 20 feet, and amplification of about 350 watts, what is the
|> smallest guage power wire that i can use safely? And how is this determined?

The key is the amount of CURRENT (amps) that your system will
require. This is determined by adding up the maximum current usage
specified for each component. This total amperage determines what
guage wire you need. Certain guages can safely carry certain amounts
of current. I don't have a guage-amp chart with me, but I think
8 guage wire can safely carry 30 amps for 20 feet. (?) Obviously, you
should get at least the minimum guage required, and the lowest guage
that you can afford.
|> Larry
-- Tim

Reply to author Forward

In article <5...@dove.nist.gov> k...@starchild.ncsl.nist.gov (Lawrence B.

Keys) writes: ...stuff deleted A >This question concerns the power wire.
Is there a formula/guideline for >determining the wire size? I realize that
there are factors such as >amp power output, distance running power
lead, but i still don't know what >guage to use. The biggest problem for
me is cost. Prices seem to be >between $1.50 - $7.50 per foot. I need at
least 20ft. ...neat .sig deleted (I like it ;-) )) Answer: Yes! The following
chart and formula is from the Official International
Auto Sound
Challenge Association Competitor Judging Handbook. If y
you're
not a competitor it is wise to use this guide. If you ARE a
competitor
it is REQUIRED (if you want a shot at contest). There seems
to be
a lot of uncertainty as to the size necessary along this thread.
I
hope this helps to clear things up. :-)
POWER CABLE
CALCULATOR
Recommended MINIMUM Guage Size
Current -4ft. 4-7 7-10 10-13 13-16 16-19 19-22 22-28 <--length in
Jasonft. 0- 20A 14 12 12 10 10 8 8 8 20- 35A 12 10
Davis 8 8 6 6 6 4 35- 50A 10 8 8 6 6 4 4
4 50- 65A
8 8 6
4
4
4
4
2 65- 85A
6 6 4
4
2
2
2
0 85-105A
6 6 4
2
2
2
2
0
105-125A
4 4 4
2
2
0
0
0 125-150A
2 2 2
2
0
0
0 00 This chart is for Copper wire. The next larger,
even size should be selected if Aluminum wire is used. The formula for
determining current draw of an amplifier is as follows: Total rated RMS
output into connected load Res. X 2 = Total input wattage Total input
wattage / Supply voltage = Maximum input current Example: 100W
into 4ohms = 100W
100W X 2 = 200W 200W / 13V = 15.38A
200W into 2ohms = 200W
200W X 2 = 400W 400W / 13V =
30.77A An amplifier efficiency rating of 50% is used as an average. B
...SOURCE: Official IASCA Competitor Judging Handbook copyright
1991 IASCA Reminder: IASCA National Finals Oct. 16-18, 1991
Tulsa, Oklahoma
...see you there ;-) /| Jason Lee Davis
<jda...@wizard.etsu.edu> |\ ||/_| Shiloh Productions sound co.
____
<s29...@etsuv2.etsu.edu> |_\|| ||\ | Rt. 1 Box 175
(_ |
_) <s29...@etsuvax2.bitnet> | /|| \| Klondike, Texas 75448
________)| _____ (903) 886-2903
|/

>This question concerns the power wire. Is there a formula/guideline for

Sep 16 1992,
5:59 am

>determining the wire size? I realize that there are factors such as
>amp power output, distance running power lead, but i still don't know what
>guage to use. The biggest problem for me is cost. Prices seem to be
>between $1.50 - $7.50 per foot. I need at least 20ft.

Cancel

Send Discard

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To:

Add Cc | Add Followup-to | Edit Subject

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Paul
Forgey

More options Sep 19 1992,

View profile

6:35 am

Newsgroups: rec.audio.car
From: p...@halcyon.com (Paul Forgey)
Date: Sat, 19 Sep 1992 06:05:17 GMT
Local: Sat, Sep 19 1992 11:05 am
Subject: Re: How to determine wire size 1,2,4,8 ?
Reply to author | Forward | Print | Individual message | Show original | Report this message | Find messages by
this author

t...@spl1.spl.loral.com (Tim R Witort) writes:

>In article <5...@dove.nist.gov>, k...@starchild.ncsl.nist.gov (Lawrence B. Keys) writes:

>|> Here's the question:
>|>
>|> For a run of 20 feet, and amplification of about 350 watts, what is the
>|> smallest guage power wire that i can use safely? And how is this determined?
> The key is the amount of CURRENT (amps) that your system will
>require. This is determined by adding up the maximum current usage
>specified for each component. This total amperage determines what
>guage wire you need. Certain guages can safely carry certain amounts
>of current. I don't have a guage-amp chart with me, but I think
>8 guage wire can safely carry 30 amps for 20 feet. (?) Obviously, you
>should get at least the minimum guage required, and the lowest guage
>that you can afford.
>|> Larry
The lower the guage, the more on demand current available to your amp
with less voltage drop. I use 4 Guage just in 200 watt systems, with a
heavy distribution block distributing 8 guage to each individual amp, withing 2
feet away.
-pa...@halcyon.com

Reply to author Forward

End of messages
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