GuidetoChangesintheMLAStyleManual,3rdEdition

The3rdeditionoftheMLAStyleManual&GuidetoScholarlyPublishingpresentsanumberof
changestotheMLAdocumentationstyle,especiallyfordigitalartifacts,andgreatlyclarifies
citationofelectronicsources.Majorchangessincethe2ndeditionareoutlinedhere,with
examplesofcommontypesofsources.Citationswithinthetextcontinuetouseparenthetical
documentationbyauthorandpage.Forfurtherdetailandothertypesofsources,please
consulttheMLAmanualitself.
BasicChangestoWorksCitedEntries
1. Titlesofindependent,standaloneworkssuchasbooks,films,albums,journals,etc.are
nowitalicized,ratherthanunderlined.
2. Articlesfromscholarlyjournalsmustnowincludeboththevolumeandissuenumbers,
evenifcontinuouspaginationisused.
3. Workscitedonlyonthewebmustincludethepublisherorsponsorofthesite.Ifthisis
notavailable,useN.p.
4. Allentriesmustnowincludethemediumofpublication:
a. Print,Web,DVD,CDROM,Television,Film,Audiocassette,LP,Artisticmedium(e.g.,
Lithographonpaper),Performance
b. Fordigitalfiles,intheplacereservedformediumofpublication,recordthedigitalfile
format,followedbythewordfile,neitheritalicized(exceptfortitlesofsoftware
programs)norenclosedinquotationmarks;e.g.,PDFfile,MicrosoftWordfile,JPEG
file,MP3file,XMLfile
5. Worksfoundonthewebwithprintpublicationdata(suchasarticlesfromdatabases)
needtoincludethetitleofthedatabaseorwebsite(italicized),themediumofpublication
(Web,PDFfile,etc.),andthedateofaccessinthefollowingformat:ddMon.yyyy(12Jul.
2008).
6. Generally,omitURLsforworkfoundonline,exceptwhenreadersareunlikelytobeable
tolocatetheworkthroughtheciteddatabaseorthroughasearchengine.IfaURLmust
beincluded,encloseitinanglebracketsandincludetheaccessmodeidentifier(httpor
ftp).
SampleEntriesForCommonSources(withMLAsectionreference)
Articlefromascholarlyjournals(6.5.2)
Burke,Kenneth.OnPersuasion,Identification,andDialecticalSymmetry.Ed.JamesZappen.
PhilosophyandRhetoric39:4(2006):333339.Print.

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Tell,Dave.TheShockingStoryofEmmettTillandthePoliticsofPublicConfession.Quarterly
JournalofSpeech94.2(2008):15678.Print.
Tibullus,Albius.HowtoBeTibullus.Trans.DavidWray.ChicagoReview48.4(200303):10206.
Print.
Articleinajournalpublishedonlyontheweb(6.7.3)
Begininthesamewaythatyouwouldforaprintjournal.Ifpaginationisunavailable,usen.pag.inthe
placeofinclusivepagenumbers.Concludewiththemediumconsulted(Web),andthedateofaccess.
Landauer,Michelle.ImagesofVirtue:Reading,ReformationandtheVisualizationofCulturein
RousseausLanouvelleHlose.RomanticismontheNet46(2007):n.pag.Web.8Nov.2007.
Articleinanewspaper(6.5.5)
Warrick,Joby.LawmakersUrgeSpecialCounselProbeofHarshInterrogationTactics.NewYork
Times8Jun.2008,lateed.:A07.Print.
Articleinamagazine(6.5.6)
Kaminer,Wendy.TheLastTaboo.NewRepublic14Oct.1996:24+.Print.
Wood,Jason.Spellbound.SightandSoundDec.2005:2830.Print.
Bookbyasingleauthororgroup(6.6.2)
Massumi,Brian.ParablesfortheVirtual.Durham:DukeUP,2002.Print.
AmericanCouncilofLearnedSocieties.CommissiononCyberinfrastructurefortheHumanities
andSocialSciences.OurCulturalCommonwealth.NewYork:ACLS,2006.PDFfile.
Bookinaseries(6.6.15)
Pihl,MarshallR.TheKoreanSingerofTales.Cambridge:HarvardUP,1994.Print.Harvard
YenchingInst.MonographSer.37.
Editedbooksandsections(6.6.6)
Angus,IanandLenoreLangsdorf,ed.TheCriticalTurn:Rhetoric&PhilosophyinPostmodern
Discourse.Carbondale:SouthernIllinoisUP,1993.Print.
LaGrandeur,Kevin.DigitalImagesandClassicalPersuasion.EloquentImages:WordandImageIn
TheAgeOfNewMedia.Ed.MaryE.HocksandMichelleR.Kendrick.Cambridge:MITP,2003.
11736.Print.
Periodicalpublicationinanonlinedatabase(6.7.4,6.8.17,6.8.18)
Followthenormalmethodforbibliographicinformation,butdropthemediumoforiginalpublication
(Print).Iftheperiodicaldoesnotshowpagenumbers,entern.pag.
Concludetheentrywiththefollowingitems:
1. Titleofdatabase(italicized)
2. Mediumofpublicationconsulted(Web,PDFfile,etc.)

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3. Dateofaccess(day,month,year:20May2008or14Oct.2007)
Amossy,Ruth."HowtoDoThingswithDoxa:TowardanAnalysisofArgumentationinDiscourse."
PoeticsToday23.3(2002):46587.JSTOR.PDFfile.12Oct.2006.
Chan,Evans.PostmodernismandHongKongCinema.PostmodernCulture10.3(2000):n.pag.
ProjectMuse.Web.20May2002.
Richardson,Lynda.MinorityStudentsLanguishinSpecialEducationSystem.NewYorkTimes6
Apr.1994,lateed.:A1+.Pt.1ofaseries,AClassApart:SpecialEducationinNewYorkCity.
LexisNexis.Web.15Aug.2007.
ForitemscitedfromadatabaseonaCDorDVD,concludewiththefollowingitems:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Mediumofpublicationconsulted
Titleofdatabase(italicized)
Nameofthevendor
Publicationdateofthedatabase
Brady,Philip.TeachingTuFuontheNightShift.CollegeEnglish57.5(1995):56269.Abstract.
CDROM.ERIC.SilverPlatter.Sept.1996.

Televisionorradiobroadcast(ortranscript)(6.8.1)
FrederickDouglass.CivilWarJournal.Narr.DannyGlover.Dir.CraigHaffner.Artsand
EntertainmentNetwork6Apr.1993.Television.
ShakespeareanPutdowns.Narr.RobertSiegelandLindaWertheimer.AllThingsConsidered.
NationalPublicRadio.WNYC,NewYork,6Apr.1994.Print.Transcript.
Translatedwork(6.6.11)
Forclassicalworks,citechapterandsection,notpages,tofacilitatecrossreferencingwithoriginal
languageandwithothertranslations.
Homer.TheOdyssey.Trans.RobertFagles.NewYork:Viking,1996.Print.
Visualworkofweborigin(6.7.2d)
TheGreatTrainRobbery.Dir.EdwardPorter.ThomasEdison,1903.InternetArchive.Web.9May
2007.
Lange,Dorothea.TheMigrantMother.1936.PrintsandPhotographsDiv.,Lib.OfCong.Dorothea
Lange:PhotographerofthePeople.Web.9May2007.
Unpublishedletter,memo,oremailmessage(6.8.13)
Boyle,AnthonyT.Re:Utopia.MessagetoDanielJ.Cahill.21June1997.Email.
Burke,Kenneth.LettertoRichardMcKeon.13Dec.1937.MS.KennethBurkeArchives.Paterno
Lib.,PennsylvaniaStateU.
Cahill,DanielJ.MemotoEnglishdept.fac.,BrooklynTechnicalHighSchool,NewYork.1June
2000.TS.
Sorby,Angela.Lettertotheauthor.20July2003.MS.

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Workcitedonlyontheweb(6.7.2)
CommitteeonScholarlyEditions.GuidelinesforEditorsofScholarlyEditions.ModernLanguage
Association.MLA,25Sept.2007.Web.20Nov.2007.
GarciaLanda,Josngel,comp.ABibliographyofLiteraryTheory,Criticism,andPhilology.12thed.
UdeZaragoza,2007.Web.29Nov.2007.
Lessig,Lawrence.TheImmunityHysteria.Lessig2.0.N.p.10Jul.2008.Web.17Jul.2008.
<http://lessig.org/blog/2008/07/the_immunity_hysteria.html>.
Workonthewebcitedwithprintpublicationdata(6.7.2c)
Cascardi,AnthonyJ.IdeologiesofHistoryintheSpanishGoldenAge.UniversityPark:Pennsylvania
StateUP,1997.PennStateRomanceStudies.Web.12Mar.2007.