4.3.

3 Calculation of Interrupting Line-to-line Faults for Main Buses

Using

the

same

set

of

equations

as

in

Momentary

Calculations, the interrupting calculations will be performed on fault

points

where

Medium-voltage

Circuit

breakers

are

used

as

overcurrent protection device.

For Bus 1 (Fault Point F1)
The fault point impedance derived from three-phase fault
calculation at F1 is the positive sequence impedance for fault point
with the driving voltage equal to 1 pu as shown in Figure 4.39.

Z TH,F1,INT,1 Z TH,F1,INT 0.0007465 j0.0204532 pu

0.0007465
+j0.020453

Ia1

1pu
Reference
Figure 4.39 Thevenins equivalent
sequence impedance for fault point 1

interrupting

positive

Consequentially, the negative sequence network is equal to

the positive sequence network impedance as shown in Figure 4.40.

Z TH,F1,INT,2 Z TH,F1,INT 0.0007465 j0.0204532 pu

Chapter 4-Short-circuit Calculation

Page 248

0.0007465
Ia2

+j0.020453

Reference
Figure 4.40 Thevenins equivalent interrupting negative
sequence impedance for fault point 1
Using these three impedance networks and from the
relation on equation 4.5 where I a1=-Ia2

and Ia0=0, the equivalent

network diagram is shown in Figure 4.41 where the two impedance

networks are connected in parallel.

Ia1

0.0007465

0.0007465

+j0.020453

+j0.020453

1 pu

Ia2

Figure 4.41 Equivalent Sequence Impedance for Fault point 1

Using Equation 4.8, the value of the positive and negative
sequence impedance is calculated below.

Ia1 Ia2

VF
Z TH,INT,1 Z TH,INT,2

Chapter 4-Short-circuit Calculation

Page 249

1
0.0007465 j0.0204532 0.0007465 j0.0204532
1
Ia1
0.001493 J0.040906
Ia1

Ia1 0.891075 - J24.413438 pu

Ia2 Ia1 -0.891075 j24.413438 pu
Using Equation 4.9 and 4.10 to calculate the line b and c fault
current

Ib j 3 Ia1
Ib j 3 0.891075 - j24.413438

Ib -42.285316 - j1.543387 pu
Ib=42.313/-117.9090 pu
Actual Value
Ib=42.313/-117.9090 x IBASE 13.8kV
Ib=42.313/-117.9090 x 418.369 A
IINT,SYM,RMS,LL = Ib=-Ic = 17,702.645 A

Chapter 4-Short-circuit Calculation

Page 250

The

table

below

shows

the

summary

of

results

by

performing the same calculation procedure as the above for the rest
of the major buses (F2, F3, F4, and F5) using the Microsoft Excel
sheet. Table 4.30 shows the summary of the interrupting line-toline short-circuit currents for the main buses. These values along
with other interrupting fault currents will be used to evaluate the
interrupting capacity of medium-voltage circuit breakers.

Table 4.30 Summary of Interrupting Line-to-line Faults

Momentary Line-to-line Faults
Fault
Fault Location
Point
IINT,SYM,RMS (A)
F1
F2
F3
F4
F5

13.8kV Power Plant

Bus
Primary terminals of
TRM1
6.9kV switchgear
(bus)
Primary terminals
TRL3A
Primary terminals
TRL3B

Chapter 4-Short-circuit Calculation

17,702.645
17,594.831
15,602.676
15,247.777
15,209.767

Page 251