Name :

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Roll No. : ....

Invigilators Signature : ..

CS/B.Tech (PWE)/SEM-7/PWE-704/2010-11

2010-11
POWER SYSTEM OPERATION

Time Allotted : 3 Hours

Full Marks : 70

The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

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Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words

as far as practicable.
GROUP A

( Multiple Choice Type Questions )

Choose

the

correct

following :
i)

For

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1.

a load

alternatives

for

any

ten

of

the

10 1 = 10

flow solution the quantities normally

specified at a voltage controlled bus are

P and Q

c)

Q and |V|

The

p.u.

impedance

b)

P and |V|

d)

P and .

in
a c.
ut .

ii)

a)

value

of

an

alternator

corresponding to base values 132 kV and 30 MVA is

02 p.u. The p.u. value for the base values 138 kV and
50 mVA will be

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a)

0305 p.u.

b)

0399 p.u.

c)

030 p.u.

d)

0328 p.u.

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CS/B.Tech (PWE)/SEM-7/PWE-704/2010-11
iii)

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A change in voltage angle keeping the voltage magnitude

constant for a bus-bar has produced

b)

a significant change in active power flow, but only

a small change in reactive power flow

c)

a significant change in both active and reactive

power flows

d)

no significant change in active and reactive power

flows.

Series compensation on EHV lines is resorted to

a)

improve the stability

b)

reduce the fault level

c)

improve the voltage profile

d)

as a substitute for synchronous phase modifier.

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v)

a significant change in reactive power flow, but

only a small change in active power flow

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iv)

a)

At a particular unbalanced node, the real power

specified are :
Leaving the node 20 MW, 25 MW

Entering the node 60 MW, 30 MW

The balancing power will be

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30 MW leaving the node

b)

45 MW entering the node

c)

45 MW leaving the node

d)

30 MW entering the node.

in
a c.
ut .

vi)

a)

A 50 Hz, four pole turbo-alternator rated at 20 MVA,

132 kV has an inertia constant H = 4 kW sec/kVA. The
K.E. stored in the rotor at synchronous speed is
a)

80 kilojoules

b)

80 megajoules

c)

40 megajoules

d)

20 megajoules.

CS/B.Tech (PWE)/SEM-7/PWE-704/2010-11
vii)

If I a1 is the positive sequence current of an alternator

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and Z1, Z 2 , Z0 are the sequence impedances of the

alternator. The drop produced by the current I a1 will be

a)

I a1 Z1

b)

I a1 ( Z1 + Z2 )

c)

I a1 ( Z1 + Z2 + Z0 )

d)

I a1 ( Z
!2 + Z0 ) .

viii)
! SVS is a

shunt connected controller

!

b)

series connected controller

c)

combined shunt-series controller

d)

combined series-series controller.

In a circuit the voltage and current are given by

v = (10 + j5) and i = (6 + j4) . The circuit is
a)

inductive

b)

capacitive
!

c)

resistive

d)

any one of these.

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x)

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! a)

ix)

Which one of the following statements is true ?

a)

steady state stability limit is equal to transient

b)

steady state stability limit is greater than transient

stability limit

c)

steady state stability limit is less than transient

stability limit

d)

no generalization can be made regarding stability

limit.

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in
a c.
ut .

stability limit

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CS/B.Tech (PWE)/SEM-7/PWE-704/2010-11
xi)

For a single line to ground fault in a 3-phase system

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with an earthed neutral the fault current will be

a)
c)

b)

( Z1 + Z2 + Z0 )

3E
Z1

d)

3E

( Z1 + Z2 + Z0 )
E

( Z1 + Z2 )

GROUP B

! Questions )
( Short Answer Type
Answer any three of the following.

3 5 = 15

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2.

Develop static load flow equations ( SLFE ) in rectangular

co-ordinates.

Incremental fuel costs ( in rupees per megawatt-hour ) of two

units are :

dF1
dP1

= 0 "15 P1 + 20

dF2
= 0 "10 P1 + 16 .
dP2

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3.

in
a c.
ut .

The minimum and maximum loads on each unit are 20 MW

and 120 MW respectively. Determine the economic operating

point of the both units when the total system load is
100 MW. Assume both units are operating and neglect
network loss.
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CS/B.Tech (PWE)/SEM-7/PWE-704/2010-11
4.

In a balanced three phase circuit the voltage

Vab is

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173 " 2 # 0 Y . Determine all the voltages and currents in

a Y-connected load having Z L = 10 " 20. Also

! develop the

phasor diagram for the phase voltages and phase currents.

Assume that the phase
! sequence is a b c.

5.

a)

Classify FACTS controllers depending upon the power

electronic devices used in control.
Draw the schematic diagram of FC-TCR type SVC

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b)

connecting with a bus-bar.

6.

3+2

Explain the functions of the speed governor for load

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frequency control of single area considering a single turbogenerator system supplying an isolated load.
GROUP C

( Long Answer Type Questions )

Answer any three of the following.

a)

Draw a flow-chart for Gauss-Seidel iterative method of

in
a c.
ut .

7.

3 15 = 45

solution of static load flow equations ( SLFE ).

b)

Describe Newton-Raphson method of iterative technique

used for solution of SLFE for PQ buses in polar
co-ordinates.

State

the

modification

needed

incorporation of voltage-controlled ( P-V ) buses.

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for

7+8

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CS/B.Tech (PWE)/SEM-7/PWE-704/2010-11
8.

a)

What is Economic Load Dispatch ( ELD ) in electric

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power systems ?

b)

Obtain the co-ordination equation of ELD for systems

having lossy transmission lines.

c)

A system comprising the following 3-units supply a

received load 850 MW.

Unit 1 : Coal fired steam unit

P1, max = 600 MW

!
!

Input-Output curve

H1 (MBtu/hr) = 510 " 00 + 7 " 2 P1 + 0 " 00142 P12 .

Fuel cost : Rs. 11 /MBtu.
Unit 2 : Oil fired steam unit

P2, max = 400 MW

P2, min = 100 MW

!
!

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P1, min = 150 MW

Input-Output curve

H2 (MBtu/hr) = 310 " 00 + 7 " 85 P2 + 0 " 00194 P22 .

Fuel cost : Re. 10 /MBtu.

Unit 3 : Oil fired steam unit

P3, max = 200 MW

!
!

Input-Output curve

in
a c.
ut .

P3, min = 50 MW

H3 (MBtu/hr) = 78 " 00 + 7 " 97 P3 + 0 " 00482 P32 .

Fuel cost : Re. 10 /MBtu.
Determine

the

most

economic

point

3-units

considering the simplified loss expression,

PL = 0 " 00003P12 + 0 " 00009P22 + 0 " 00012P32 .

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!

of

2+5+8

CS/B.Tech (PWE)/SEM-7/PWE-704/2010-11
9.

a)

Deduce the equations for power transmission control by

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SSSC. Write a MATLAB program for plotting active

power versus power angle curves for necessary system
parameters.

b)

Determine the base quantities in the line and loads and

evaluate

the

new

p.u.

(MVA)base = 100 MVA

and

reactance

values

(kV )base = 33 kV

for

in

the

generator circuit side for all the parameters shown in

figure below :

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Generator (G1 ) : 100 MVA, 33 kV, X = 015 p.u.

Transformer 1 (Tr.1) : 110 MVA, 33/110 kV, X = 0 " 08 p.u.

!
Transformer 2 (Tr.2) : 110 MVA, 110/33 kV, X = 008 p.u.
!
Load 1 : 30 MVA, 30 kV, X = 02 p.u.

in
a c.
ut .

!
Load 2 : 20 MVA, 30 kV, X = 02 p.u.
Load 3 : 50 MVA, 30 kV, X = 02 p.u.
Transmission line : X L = j 50 ".

Also develop the reactance diagram indicating the new p.u.

values.
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8+7

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CS/B.Tech (PWE)/SEM-7/PWE-704/2010-11
10. a)

Derive the swing equation that represents swing in rotor

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angle during disturbances of a synchronous machine.

b)

A 10 MVA, 66 kV, 3-phase star-connected alternator

having a reactance of 20% is connected through a
5 MVA, 66 kV/33 kV transformer of 10% reactance to a
transmission line having a resistance and reactance per
conductor per kilometre of 02 and 1 respectively.
50 kms along the line, a short circuit occurs between

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the three conductors. Find the current fed to the fault

by the alternator.

11. a)

8+7

Derive the expression of fault current, phase voltage at

fault for a single line to ground fault in a 3-phase

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system with an earthed neutral.

b)

Show that the sum of powers of the three symmetrical

components equals to the three phase power.

c)

The currents in a 3-phase unbalanced system are :

"

"

"

The

in
a c.
ut .

I R = (12 + j6) A; I Y = (12 # j12) A; I B = (#15 + j10) A;

phase sequence is R Y B. Calculate the zero, positive

and negative sequence components of currents for all

the phases.

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6+3+6