Lopez, Timothy Justin T.

11/11/15

1A PH

Score:__________________

1) What is the objective of the essay?

The objective of the essay (in page 279) is to compare and contrast Formal English and
Informal English. Through this essay, we can know their proper usages in different occasions,
audiences, materials/texts, and the like.
(If in case that this is the essay that the question is referring to) The objective of the essay
(in page 272) is to help the readers understand English as an International Language, and how it
should be taught in different schools and universities in the world. It also differentiates English
International Language (EIL) and world Englishes.

2) How does the essay go about comparing one type (Formal English) with another (Informal
English)? Does it describe an item completely before moving on to the other (object-by-object
method of comparison) or does it compare two items, one point at a time (point-by-point method
of comparison)?
The essay compared Formal English with Informal English in an object-by-object method
of comparison. It completely describes an item first, its meaning, when and where it is used, and
its proper usage, before moving on to the other one.

3) Complete the grid to show the difference between the two items
Points of Comparison
1. Occasions of use

Formal English

2. Relationship of the
speaker/writer to the audience

Informal English

Research
or
Thesis
Defense
Lectures given before
professional organizations

People we dont know

People in positions of
authority
People older than we are
People we want to
impress

Casual
occasions
(gathering of family
relatives)
Conversation with a
friend
Friends
Family members
People on our own age
People we know well

Points of Comparison
3. Subject talked about

4. Characteristics of language
used:

Formal English

a. Vocabulary

b. Grammar

5. Examples of Texts

Scientific reports
Problems or reports about
the current state of the
society through mass
media and the like by a
known person or a person
in authority
Non-usage of colloquial
or slang language
Use of transitions between
thoughts
Use of certain words like
may, and even some that
were derived from Latin

Grammatical correctness

Job application letters

Official research reports
Letter to a person in
authority

Informal English

Gossips and other stories

within friends or family
relatives
Argument between two
friends on a nonsense
topic
Usage of slang language
or colloquial words are
not prohibited
You can use any word
like as long as the
audience will understand
it
No need for grammatical
correctness
Letter to a close friend or
family relative
Article on a light topic
and the like

Lopez, Timothy Justin T.

1A PH

11/11/15
Score:__________________

A. Some of the following sentences are not appropriate for formal writing. With a seatmate,
identify which sentences would not be acceptable in a more formal context and why.
1. Were going to a gig, wanna come?
This is appropriate because there is no such word as wanna only want to. In addition,
there should be an interrogative word do before want to come to make it more formal.
2. I needed the job for so many reasons. For sending my younger brother to school and buying
medicines for my sick mother.
The second statement is not a complete sentence because there is no subject (the one that
will send his/her younger brother to school and will buy medicines for his/her sick mother).
3. Are you sure youre done? Checked every part?
The second statement is not a complete sentence because there is no subject and an
interrogative word (did you).
4. She began to really cry hysterically.
The word hysterically would not be acceptable in a more formal context because
"hysterical," by definition, is "in a state of uncontrolled panic." The "informal" definition is
"wildly funny." Informal infers a slang term.
5. May I suggest that we reconsider the request?
This sentence is acceptable in a formal context because it is grammatically correct and it
used the word may.
B. Recast the sentences to change their formality level
1) We are going to a concert, do you want to come?
2) I needed the job for so many reasons. I needed it in order to send my younger brother
to school and to buy medicines for my sick mother.
3) Are you sure you are done? Did you check every part of it?

4) She began to cry hilariously.

5) May I suggest for the reconsideration of the request?

Lopez, Timothy Justin T.

1A PH

11/11/15
Score:__________________

Fill the appropriate responses for the conversation.

A. Natalie and Oscar are classmates; they meet in the corridor.

Natalie: Hi! How are you today?
Oscar: Im doing great Oscar!
Natalie: Same here. Do you have an assignment in Botany?
Oscar: Yes, but it is incomplete. Do you have an answer for no. 3? I couldnt find the answer.
Natalie: No, I cant find it in the book as well.
Oscar: Ok, lets go to class early and see if our classmates have an answer for it.

B. Natalie and Mr. de Leon, her Botany teacher, as they meet in the corridor.
Mr. de Leon: Good morning! How are you today Natalie?
Natalie: I am fine sir. Thank you for asking.
Mr. de Leon: Why do you seem to be in a hurry?
Natalie: It is because I need to go to my next class already.
Mr. de Leon: By the way, were you able to do research on the assignment I gave you?
Natalie: Yes sir. I already finished it.
Mr. de Leon: Good! Can I call on you later then? See you in class.
Natalie: See you later in class too Mr. de Leon!

Lopez, Timothy Justin T.

1A PH

11/11/15
Score:__________________

Role of Urinalysis in the Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) by Kunitoshi

Abstract:
As of the end of Year 2008, 1 out of 450 people was a dialysis patient in Japan, and patients with
chronic kidney disease (CKD) at stages 3 and 4 accounted for nearly 10% of the total population.
An epidemiological study in Okinawa that used the introduction of dialysis treatment as the
outcome revealed that the 10-year cumulative incident rate of end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
was about 3% of the participants who were positive ( 1) for both proteinuria and hematuria,
while there was hardly any difference between those who were positive for hematuria alone and
those who were negative for both proteinuria and hematuria. When the incidence of ESRD
(dialysis introduction) was examined in relation to the severity of proteinuria (5 grades ranging
from [] to [ 3]) as determined by dipstick, the cumulative incidence rate during the 17-year
observation period was 16% for proteinuria ( 3) and about 7% for proteinuria (2). In contrast,
among participants who were negative for proteinuria, the rate of dialysis introduction in 10
years is about 1 out of 1 million. The CKD Practice Guide of the Japanese Society of
Nephrology recommends referral to a nephrologist when a case meets any of the following 3
criteria: 1) 0.5g/g creatinine or higher, or proteinuria ( 2), 2) an estimated glomerular ltration
rate of less than 50ml/min/1.73m2, or 3) positive results ( 1) for both proteinuria and hematuria
tests.
Key words: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), Urinalysis, Proteinuria, Hematuria, Screening,
Dialysis.