Chapter06

TheAmericanSociety:FamiliesandHouseholds

Multiple Choice Questions

1.

2.

Singlehouseholdsrepresent_____percentofAmericanhouseholds.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

27
2
5
15
10

Whatisthebasicconsumptionunitformostconsumergoods?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

organization
household
individual
husband
wife

3.

4.

Whichofthefollowingisahouseholdfactorthatinfluencespurchaseandconsumptionbehavior?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

structureofhouseholdunit
stageofthehouseholdlifecycle
householddecisionprocess
AandB
A,B,andC

AccordingtotheCensusBureau,allthepeoplewhooccupyahousingunitisdefinedasa_____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

buyingunit
blendedfamily
familyhousehold
household
traditionalfamily

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5.

Sarahandherthreeroommatesshareanapartment.AccordingtotheCensusBureau,Sarahandher
roommatesconstitutea_____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

family
nontraditionalfamily
subculture
blendedfamily
household

6.

A_____hasatleasttwomembersrelatedbybirth,marriage,oradoption,oneofwhomisthehouseholder
(i.e.,theonewhoownsorrentstheresidence).

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

familyhousehold
blendedfamilyhousehold
consumptionunit
household
nontraditionalfamilyhousehold

7.

8.

9.

JohnandDawnhavebeenmarriedformorethan20years.TheyhavelivedintheirhomeinNorthville,MI
(asuburbofDetroit),withtheirthreechildrenformostofthoseyears.AccordingtotheCensusBureau,
whichtypeofhouseholddotheylivein?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

suburbanhousehold
urbanhousehold
ruralhousehold
blendedfamilyhousehold
familyhousehold

AccordingtotheCensusBureau,a_____householdisahouseholderlivingaloneorexclusivelywith
otherstowhomheorsheisnotrelated.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

family
nonfamily
traditional
blended
consumption

EricandElizabethlivetogetherinthesameapartmentbutarenotmarried.AccordingtotheCensus
Bureau,whichtypeofhouseholddotheyrepresent?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

familyhousehold
blendedhousehold
nonfamilyhousehold
nontraditionalhousehold
nonconformisthousehold

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10. Whichtypeoffamilyconsistsofamarriedcouple,oneorbothofwhomwerepreviouslymarried,their
children,andthechildrenfromthepreviousmarriageofoneorbothparents?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

nontraditionalfamily
traditionalfamily
nonfamilyhousehold
stepfamily
combinationfamily

11. Ashleyandherhusbandjusthadtheirfirstchild.Ashleywasmarriedpreviously,andhertwoyoung
childrenfromthatmarriagealsolivewithAshleyandhercurrenthusband.Whichtypeoffamilyisthis?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

nontraditionalfamily
traditionalfamily
multigenerationalfamily
secondaryfamily
stepfamily

12. Whichtypeoffamilyconsistsofamarriedcoupleandtheirownoradoptedchildrenlivingathome?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

nontraditionalfamily
traditionalfamily
blendedfamily
stepfamily
combinationfamily

13. BarryandLauriehavebeenmarriedforalmost20years,andthisisthefirstmarriageforbothofthem.
Theyhavetwochildrenlivingathome.Whichtypeoffamilyisthis?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

nontraditionalfamily
traditionalfamily
blendedfamily
stepfamily
combinationfamily

14. WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonforthedeclineintraditionalfamilies?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

anincreaseinsingleparenthouseholdsasaresultofdivorce
anincreaseinsingleindividualsasthemedianageofmarriageisdelayed
anincreaseinsolesurvivorsasourpopulationages
achangeinthewaytheCensusBureauhasdefined"traditionalfamily"
Alloftheabovearereasonsforthedeclineintraditionalfamilies.

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15. WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonmultigenerationalfamiliesofferopportunitiesandchallengesfor
marketers?

A. Somemembersarecaregiverstofamilymembersorfriends.
B. Severalgenerationsmightliveinonehousehold.
C. Somemembersarelesstechnologicallyproficient.
D.
Theyarenoteasytoidentifyandreach.
E. Alloftheaboveofferopportunitiesandchallenges.

16. Janetisa60yearoldsecretarywitharetiredhusbandand30yearoldunemployedsonwholivesathome.
Janet's90yearoldwidowedmotherMay,whoisdisabled,haslivedwiththefamilyforsixyears.May's
SocialSecurityandMedicaredonotadequatelycoverherlivingandmedicalexpenses.Whichtypeof
familyisrepresentedhere?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

multigenerationalfamily
stepfamily
traditionalfamily
nontraditionalfamily
seniorfamily

17. Mostfamiliespassthroughanorderlyprogressionofstages,eachwithitsowncharacteristics,financial
situation,andpurchasingpatterns,whichisthebasicassumptionunderlyingthe_____approach.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

householdlifecycle(HLC)
productlifecycle(PLC)
brandlifecycle(BLC)
inevitablecycle(IC)
predictablecycle(PC)

18. Stagesofthehouseholdlifecyclearebasedon____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

ageoftheadultmembers
maritalstatusoftheadultmembers
presenceofchildren
ageofchildren
alloftheabove

19. Whichofthefollowingisconsidereda"younger"(i.e.,<35)stageofthehouseholdlifecycle?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

singleparentII
singleII
singleIII
fullnestI
emptynestI

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20. WhichofthefollowingisNOTconsidereda"middleaged"(i.e.,3564)stageofthehouseholdlifecycle?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

singleII
fullnestII
delayedfullnestI
singleparentII
EmptynestII

21. Whichofthefollowingisconsideredan"older"(i.e.,>64)stageofthehouseholdlifecycle?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

singleII
delayedfullnestI
singleIII
singleparentII
emptynestI

22. WhichHLCgroupisbasicallytheunmarriedmembersoftheGenerationYers?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

singleI
singleII
singleIII
singleX/Y
emptynest

23. Fortyeightpercentoffemalesclassifiedas"singleI"_____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

livealone
livewithparent(s)
livewithothers
aredivorced
areengagedtobemarried

24. Mikeisa23yearoldrecentcollegegraduateandisstartinghiscareerasapharmaceuticalsales
representative.Hewillbelivinginanextendedstayhotelinthecitywherehewillundergotraining,but
oncehefinishesthat,heplansonrentinganiceapartmentwithafriendofhisfromcollege.Healsowants
topurchaseasportscarandsavemoneyforaskivacationnextyear.Towhichstageofthehouseholdlife
cycledoesMikebelong?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

singleI
singleII
beginning
introduction
growth

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25. JulieandBartarebothintheirlate20sandrecentlymarried.Theyhavenochildrenandarelearninghowto
makejointdecisions.Recentpurchase/servicedecisionswererelatedtohouseholdfurnishings,awasher
anddryer,andinsurancecoverage.Whichstageofthehouseholdlifecyclearetheyexperiencing?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

youngmarried
fullnest
emptynest
introduction
growth

26. Whenacouplehaschildren,expendituresonwhichofthefollowingdoNOTusuallydecrease?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

alcoholicbeverages
mealsout
healthcare
personalcareproducts
adultapparel

27. StacyandAdamhavejusthadtheirfirstchild,andtheyhopetohavetwomore.Theycanexpect
expendituresonwhichofthefollowingtoincrease?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

mealsout
education
personalcareproducts
foodathome
alcoholicbeverages

28. Roughlywhatpercentageofchildrenareborntounmarriedmothers,apercentagethathasrisenby13
percentagepointssince1990?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

10percent
25percent
40percent
50percent
66percent

29. Whileroughly40percentofchildrenareborntounmarriedmothers,thismaynotbeanaccurate
representationofthesituation.Amoreaccuraterepresentationofthesituationmaybegainedbylookingat
thepercentageofAmericanhouseholdsthataresingleparentfamilies.Whatisthatpercentage?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

2percent
5percent
9percent
14percent
21percent

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30. Whichstageofthehouseholdlifecycleismadeupofpeoplebetweentheagesof35and64whohave
nevermarriedandthosewhoaredivorcedandhavenochildrearingresponsibilities?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

middleagedsingle(orsingleII)
middleagedchildless
emptynestI
emptynestII
singleIII

31. Bobbieis47yearsold,hasneverbeenmarried,anddoesnothaveanychildrenofherown.Shelivesalone
anddoesn'tliketocookbecausemostrecipesfeedmorethanoneperson.Shecanonlyeatsomany
leftovers,andsheusuallyforgetsaboutitifshefreezestoeatatalaterdate.Soshepurchasesfrozen
dinnersandcannedfoodthatcomeinsingleservings.Towhichstageofthehouseholdlifecycledoes
Bobbiebelong?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

middleagedsingle(orsingleII)
middleagedemptynest
emptynestI
emptynestII
singleIII

32. WhichofthefollowingisNOTadescriptionofthehouseholdlifecyclestageknownas"emptynestI:
middleagedwithnochildren"?

A. marriedcoupleswhohaveneverhadchildren
B. secondmarriagesinwhichchildrenfromafirstmarriagearenotlivingwiththeparent
C. marriedcoupleswhosechildrenhavelefthome
D. marriedcoupleswhohaveadoptedchildrenwhoarestilllivingathome
E. Alloftheabovearecharacteristicsofthishouseholdlifecyclestage.

33. TonyandKatieareintheir50s,andbothhavecareersthatkeepthemverybusy.However,theirchildren
aregrown,sotheyhavemorefreetimeandmoneythantheyusedtohave.Whichtypeofproductor
servicearetheylikelytospendLESSmoneyonthantheyhaveinthepast?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

foodathome
expensivevacations
mealsout
housecleaning
luxurycars

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34. Thetrendtowardlatermarriageandchildrenhasresultedinwhichofthefollowing?

A.Morethan80percentofallmarriedcoupleswithchildrenunder18nowfallintothemiddleageHLC
categoriesofdelayedfullnestIandfullnestII.
B.Now,71percentofallmarriedcoupleswithchildrenunder18fallintothemiddleageHLCcategories
ofdelayedfullnestIandfullnestII.
C.Now,theemptynestIHLCcategorydoesnotbeginuntilmarriedcouplesareover64yearsold.
D. ThestageoftheHLClabeledemptynestInolongerexists.
E. Now,71percentofallmarriedcouplesdonotexperiencetheemptynestIIstageoftheHLC.

35. WhatisamajordifferencebetweendelayedfullnestIandyoungernewparents?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

thenumberofchildren
income
education
commitment
yearsmarried

36. SheilaandJimarebothprofessionalsintheirlate30sandhavetwochildrenundertheageof5.Which
stageofthehouseholdlifecyclearetheyin?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

youngmarried
fullnestI
fullnestII
delayedfullnestI
laggards

37. WhatisamajordifferencebetweenthefullnestIIanddelayedfullnestIstagesofthehouseholdlife
cycle?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

income
ageoftheparents
ageofthechildren
numberofchildren
yearsmarried

38. TeresaandJohnarebothintheir40sandhavetwochildrenlivingathome.Theirdaughter,Erin,is14
yearsold,andtheirson,Stephen,is11yearsold.Towhichstageofthehouseholdlifecycledothey
belong?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

youngmarried
fullnestI
fullnestII
delayedfullnestI
laggards

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39. TeriandEdareintheir40s,arechildless,andweremarriedfor15yearsbutarenowdivorced.However,
Terihasalwayswantedchildren,sosheadoptedadaughter,whoisnow2yearsold.Towhichstageofthe
householdlifecycledoTeriandherdaughterbelong?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

singleparentI
divorcedparentI
singleparentII
fullnestI
delayedfullnestI

40. Consumersinwhichstageofthehouseholdlifecycleareover64yearsofage;areeitherfullyorpartially
retired;arehealthy,active,andoftenfinanciallywelloff;andareabigmarketforRVs,cruises,andsecond
homes?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

singleI
singleII
emptynestI
emptynestII
delayedemptynest

41. Rayisretired,andheandhiswifearebothintheirlate60s.Theyarehealthy,active,andfinanciallywell
off.TheypurchasedanRVandplantotraveltoall48ofthecontinentalUnitedStates.Whichstageofthe
householdlifecycledescribesthem?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

childless
jobless
retired
emptynestI
emptynestII

42. Consumerswhoaresingleduetothedeathofaspousearelabeled_____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

singlebydeath
singlebychoice
singlebycircumstance
singleagain
unwillinglysingle

43. Barbarais72yearsoldandhasbeenawidowforalmostthreeyears.Shewouldbelabeled_____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

singlebydeath
singlebychoice
singlebycircumstance
singleagain
unwillinglysingle

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44. Researchsuggeststhatoldersingleswhoaresinglebycircumstance(i.e.,deathofaspouse)will_____.

A.
belessinnovative
B.
bemoreriskaverse
C.
bemorepricesensitive
D. engageincopingbehaviorssuchasspendingmoretimewatchingtelevision
E.
alloftheabove

45. TheverticalaxisintheHLC/occupationalcategorymatrixrepresents_____,whichdeterminesthe
problemsthehouseholdwilllikelyencounter.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

asetofoccupationalcategories
thenumberofchildreninthehousehold
thehouseholdincome
thestageinthehouseholdlifecycle
currenteconomicconditions

46. ThehorizontalaxisintheHLC/occupationalcategorymatrixrepresents_____,whichprovidesarangeof
acceptablesolutions.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

asetofoccupationalcategories
thenumberofchildreninthehousehold
thehouseholdincome
stageinthehouseholdlifecycle
currenteconomicconditions

47. Theconsumerinsightonremodelingdiscussesmechanismsunderlyinghouseholdlifecyclechanges.The
mechanismrelatingtobalancingcompetingcommitmentsonhowagivenspaceisusedis:

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

prioritizing
embodying
adapting
socialization
mediation

48. Theconsumerinsightonremodelingdiscussesmechanismsunderlyinghouseholdlifecyclechanges.The
mechanismrelatingtoawarenessofneedtomodifythephysicalarrangementoftheirhomesis____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

prioritizing
embodying
adapting
socialization
mediation

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49. Theconsumerinsightonremodelingdiscussesmechanismsunderlyinghouseholdlifecyclechanges.The
mechanismrelatingtophysicalneedsnoworinfuturerelatingtohowspaceisusedis_____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

prioritizing
embodying
adapting
socialization
mediation

50. _____istheprocessbywhichdecisionsthatdirectlyorindirectlyinvolvetwoormorefamilymembersare
made.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Householddecisionmaking
Consumerdecisionmaking
Familydecisionmaking
Jointdecisionmaking
Groupdecisionmaking

51. Afamilypurchasedecisiondiffersfromanorganizationaldecisionin_____.

A.
thelevelofemotioninvolved
B. theinvolvementofmultiplepeopleinthedecision
C.
theabsenceoftimepressure
D. thefactthatdifferentpeopleplaydifferentrolesinthepurchase
E.
alloftheabove

52. Whichofthefollowingisafamilypurchaserole?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

initiator
informationgatherer
user
purchaser
alloftheabove

53. Thefamilymemberwhofirstrecognizesaneedorstartsthepurchaseprocessisknownasthe_____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

initiator
informationgatherer
influencer
decisionmaker
user

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54. Stanhasnoticedthathiscarisnotworkingproperlyandthatitisgettingexpensivetorepair.Thus,he
gatheredhisfamilytogethertodiscussthepurchaseofanewautomobile.Intermsoffamilypurchaseroles,
whichonebestdescribesStan'sactions?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

initiator
informationgatherer
influencer
decisionmaker
user

55. WhileKatieandMatthewarethechildreninthefamily,theydoinfluencethealternativesconsideredfor
theirfamily'ssummervacation.WhatroledoKatieandMatthewplayinthisfamilydecision?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

initiators
informationgatherers
influencers
decisionmakers
purchasers

56. Whichfamilypurchaseroleisplayedbytheindividual(s)whomakesthefinaldecision?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

initiator
informationgatherer
influencer
decisionmaker
user

57. Bobisinthesixthgrade.Hisfamilydoesnotownacomputer,andhereallyneedsonetodohishomework.
Healsowantsonesohecanplaysomeofthegameshehearshisfriendstalkingabout.Hisparentsrealize
thatheneedsacomputer,buttheyreallyhavenoneedforoneandprobablywillneveruseit.Becausethey
don'tknowmuchaboutcomputers,theyarelettingBobdoalltheresearchandaskedhimtofindthe
optionsthatwillmeethisneeds.However,hisparentsaretheoneswhowillmakethefinaldecisiononhow
muchtospendandwhichcomputertopurchase.Intermsofthefamilypurchaseroles,whichroledoBob's
parentsplay?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

initiator
informationgatherer
influencer
decisionmaker
user

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58. Whatfamilypurchaseroleisplayedbytheindividualwhoactuallypurchasestheproductthefamilyhas
decidedupon?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

initiator
informationgatherer
influencer
decisionmaker
purchaser

59. Whiletheentirefamilyisusuallyinvolvedinmajorpurchasedecisions,Lisaistheonewhousuallymakes
theactualpurchase.WhatfamilypurchaseroledoesLisaplay?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

initiator
informationgatherer
influencer
decisionmaker
purchaser

60. CarlaandJohnarebothchildren,buttheyusetheirfamily'selectronicequipmentsuchasTVs,DVD
players,andstereoequipment.Theydidnotplaymuchofaroleinthepurchasedecisiononwhichbrands
tobuy,buttheirparentsdidconsidertheirneedswhendecidingonwhichproductsandbrandstopurchase.
Intermsoffamilypurchaseroles,whatroledothesechildrenplay?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

initiator
informationgatherer
influencer
user
CandD

61. Whichofthefollowingarewaystocategorizefamilydecisionmaking?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

husbanddominant
wifedominant
individualized
childdominant
alloftheabove

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62. HankandCarolhavebeenmarriedformorethan20years,andinthattimetheyhavepurchasedsix
automobiles.Hankistheonewhousuallydoesalltheresearchanddecideswhattheycanafford,while
Caroljustgetsinvolvedwhenit'stimetodecideamongafewalternatives,andshereallyonlycaresabout
thecomfortandstyling.Whichofthefollowingcategoryoffamilydecisionmakingdoesthisillustrate?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

husbanddominant
wifedominant
individualized
singlerole
dualrole

63. Familiesconsideringthepurchaseofproductssuchasahouse,furniture,oravacation,typicallyusewhich
typeoffamilydecisionmaking?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

husbanddominant
wifedominant
individualized
joint
childdominant

64. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEregardingthenatureoffamilypurchasesandtherolesplayed
byvariousfamilymembers?

A. Individualstendtoplaythesameroleforalldecisions.
B. Allfamilymemberstendtobeinvolvedineverystageofthedecisionprocess.
C.Overtime,eachspousedevelopsmorespecializedrolesasapartofthefamilylifestyleandfamily
responsibilities.
D. Individualfamilymembersplayonlyasingleroleinagivenpurchasedecision.
E. Thestageofthedecisionprocessdoesnotinfluencedecisionroles.

65. Whichofthefollowingcaninfluencehowfamilymembersinteractinapurchasedecision?

A. cultureorsubcultureinwhichthefamilyexists
B. rolespecializationofdifferentfamilymembers
C. degreeofinvolvementeachhasintheproductareaofconcern
D. personalcharacteristicsofthefamilymembers
E.
alloftheabove

66. HispanicswhoidentifymoststronglywiththeirHispanicsubculturesaremostlikelytoengagein_____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

wifedominateddecisions
husbanddominateddecisions
jointdecisions
childdominateddecisions
noneoftheabove

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67. Regardingthebalanceoffamilypurchaseroles,whichofthefollowingtraditionallymaledominated
categoriesis(are)tippingtowardthewife?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

TVremotecontrol
householdfinances
familyweekendactivities
AandB
alloftheabove

68. WhichofthefollowingisNOTabasicapproachthatindividualsinafamilyusetoresolvepurchase
conflictsaftertheyhavearisen?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

bargaining
useofauthority
physicalforce
playingonemotion
reasoning

69. Karenandherkidswerehungryandweretryingtodecidewheretoeatfordinner.Afterseveralminutesof
bickering,Karendecidedwheretheyweregoingtogo.Herchildrenbalkedatherdecisionandaskedwhy
shegottodecide,andshesaid,"BecauseI'myourmotherandIsaidso!"WhichapproachdidKarenuseto
resolvethisfamilyconflict?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

bargaining
useofauthority
impressionmanagement
playingonemotion
reasoning

70. Whichapproachtoconflictresolutionmisrepresentsthefactsinordertowin?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

bargaining
useofauthority
impressionmanagement
playingonemotion
reasoning

71. WhichofthesecategoriesisNOTpartofthecontentofconsumerlearning?

A.
consumerskills
B.
learningskills
C.
consumptionrelatedpreferences
D.
consumptionrelatedattitudes
E. Alloftheabovearepartofthecontentofconsumerlearning.

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72. Theprocessinwhichyoungpeopleacquireskills,knowledge,andattitudesrelevanttotheirfunctioningas
consumersinthemarketplacesisknownas_____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

consumereducation
consumersocialization
consumerprogramming
consumerresearch
consumeracclimation

73. WhichofthefollowingreferstoWHATchildrenlearnwithrespecttoconsumption?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

theprocessofconsumersocialization
therateofconsumersocialization
theimpactofconsumersocialization
thecontentofconsumersocialization
theinfluenceofconsumersocialization

74. WhichofthefollowingreferstoHOWchildrenlearnwithrespecttoconsumption?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

theprocessofconsumersocialization
therateofconsumersocialization
theimpactofconsumersocialization
thecontentofconsumersocialization
theinfluenceofconsumersocialization

75. Amajorbasisforconcernaboutmarketingtochildrenistheirinabilitytofullyprocessandunderstand
commercialmessages.Muchofthetheoryandresearchinthisareaisbasedon_____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Asch'sdiffusiontheory
Weber'sintellectenhancementtheory
Piaget'sstagesofcognitivedevelopment
Pavlov'sprocessacquisitionstages
noneoftheabove

76. Inchildren'sinformationprocessing,theperiodofconcreteoperationsischaracterizedby_____.

A.
anabsenceofconceptualthought
B.
thedevelopmentoflanguage
C. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogicalthoughttoconcreteproblems
D. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogictoalltypesofproblems
E.
noneoftheabove

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77. Inchildren'sinformationprocessing,theperiodofsensorimotorintelligenceischaracterizedby_____.

A.
anabsenceofconceptualthought
B.
thedevelopmentoflanguage
C. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogicalthoughttoconcreteproblems
D. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogictoalltypesofproblems
E.
noneoftheabove

78. Inchildren'sinformationprocessing,theperiodofpreoperationalthoughtischaracterizedby_____.

A.
anabsenceofconceptualthought
B.
thedevelopmentoflanguage
C. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogicalthoughttoconcreteproblems
D. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogictoalltypesofproblems
E.
noneoftheabove

79. Inchildren'sinformationprocessing,theperiodofformaloperationsischaracterizedby_____.

A.
anabsenceofconceptualthought
B.
thedevelopmentoflanguage
C. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogicalthoughttoconcreteproblems
D. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogictoalltypesofproblems
E.
noneoftheabove

80. Thosecapabilitiesnecessaryforpurchasestooccursuchasunderstandingmoney,budgeting,product
evaluation,andsofortharereferredtoas_____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

buyingskills
consumptionrelatedpreferences
consumptionrelatedattitudes
instrumentalskills
consumerskills

81. Bobisteachinghisson,Jack,howtohandlemoney,countchange,howtosaveforadesiredpurchase,and
howtochooseanappropriateproduct.Bobisteachinghisson_____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

buyingskills
consumptionrelatedpreferences
consumptionrelatedattitudes
economicskills
consumerskills

6-17
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82. _____aretheknowledge,attitudes,andvaluesthatcausepeopletoattachdifferentialevaluationsto
products,brands,andretailoutlets.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Buyingskills
Consumptionrelatedpreferences
Consumptionrelatedattitudes
Instrumentalattitudes
Consumerskills

83. ScottandhisfamilyhavealwayspurchasedHondaautomobilesbecausetheyfeelthattheyarethebest
qualitycarsonthemarket.Thisattitudeisanexampleofa(n)_____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

copingmechanism
consumptionrelatedpreference
consumptionrelatedbias
economicskill
mediation

84. Thecognitiveandaffectiveorientationstowardmarketplacestimulisuchasadvertisements,salespeople,
warranties,andsofortharereferredtoas_____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

consumerskills
consumptionrelatedpreferences
consumptionrelatedattitudes
instrumentalattitudes
mediationpreferences

85. Whichofthefollowingistheprimarysourceofconsumersocialization?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

school
advertising
friends
family
government

86. Whichtypeoftrainingoccurswhenaparentorsiblingspecificallyanddirectlyattemptstobringabout
certainresponsesthroughreasoningorreinforcement?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

consumertraining
instrumentaltraining
modeling
mediation
coercion

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87. _____occurswhenachildlearnsappropriate,orinappropriate,consumptionbehaviorsbyobserving
others.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Consumertraining
Instrumentaltraining
Modeling
Mediation
Parroting

88. _____occurswhenaparentaltersachild'sinitialinterpretationof,orresponseto,amarketingorother
stimulus.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Consumertraining
Instrumentaltraining
Modeling
Mediation
Reprogramming

89. Claireis6yearsoldandbeggedhermotherforaBarbiedollthatshesawiceskatinginatelevision
commercial.Hermotherexplainedtoherthatthedollwon'tbeabletoiceskateandthatshewillhaveto
makethedollmove.ShewastryingtoexplaintoClairethatthetoyssheseesinadvertisementsare
probablygoingtolookmorefunthantheyactuallyare.Claire'smotherisexhibiting_____.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

mediation
interpretation
modeling
terminaltraining
interference

90. WhichofthefollowingisNOTastageofMcNeal'smodelofhowchildrenlearntoshop?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

StageI:Observing
StageII:MakingRequests
StageIII:MakingSelections
StageIV:MakingRecommendationstoOtherChildren
StageV:MakingIndependentPurchases

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91. Susangaveher5yearoldson$10topurchaseatoyatWalmart.Shewantedhimtolearnhowtoselectan
appropriatetoyandtopayforitwithhis"own"money,butshewouldhelphersondothis.Whichstageof
McNeal'smodelofhowchildrenlearntoshopdoesthisillustrate?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

StageI
StageII
StageIII
StageIV
StageV

True / False Questions

92. TheCensusBureauhasaclassificationofhouseholdsthatincludesblendedfamilies.

TrueFalse

93. Theterm"traditionalfamily"referstoamarriedcoupleandtheirownoradoptedchildrenlivingathome.

TrueFalse

94. Comparedto1970,thepercentageofhouseholdsheadedbyamarriedcouplehasdecreased.

TrueFalse

95. Onereasonthatmarketersrarelytargetmultigenerationalfamiliesisthattheyarenoteasytoidentifyor
reach.

TrueFalse

96. Familiespassthroughanorderlyprogressionofstages,eachwithitsowncharacteristics,financial
situation,andpurchasingpatterns.

TrueFalse

97. TheSingleIstageofthehouseholdlifecycleisbasicallytheunmarriedmembersofthebabyboom
generation.

TrueFalse

98. Itisn'tuntiltheadditionofthesecondchildtoafamilythatmanychangesinlifestyleandconsumption
occur.

TrueFalse

99. Birthoradoptionbysinglesisincreasinglycommon.

TrueFalse

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100.Themiddleagedsinglecategoryisonlymadeupofpeoplewhohavenevermarriedandhavenochild
rearingresponsibilities.

TrueFalse

101.AmajordifferencebetweenthefullnestIIandthedelayedfullnestIstagesofthehouseholdlifecycleis
theageofthechildren.

TrueFalse

102.Consumerswhoaresingleduetothedeathofaspousearelabeledassinglebycircumstance.

TrueFalse

103.Theinitiatoristhefamilymemberwhofirstrecognizesaneedorstartsthepurchaseprocess.

TrueFalse

104.Impressionmanagementisaconflictresolutionapproachthatmisrepresentsthefactsinordertowin.

TrueFalse

105.Stage2ofPiaget'sstagesofcognitivedevelopmentistheperiodinwhichthechilddevelopstheabilityto
applylogicalthoughtstoconcreteproblems.

TrueFalse

106.Instrumentaltrainingoccurswhenachildlearnsappropriate,orinappropriate,consumptionbehaviorsby
observingothers.

TrueFalse

Essay Questions
107.CompareandcontrasttheCensusBureau'sdefinitionsofahousehold,afamilyhousehold,andanonfamily
household.

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108.Nameandbrieflydescribethestagesofthehouseholdlifecycle(HLC)intermsofageoftheadults,their
maritalstatus,andtheageofchildrenathome.

109.Nameanddescribethesixrolesthatfrequentlyoccurinfamilydecisionmaking.

110.Giventhenumberofdecisionsfamiliesmakedaily,disagreementsareinevitable.Howtheyareresolvedis
importanttomarketersaswellastothehealthofthefamilyunit.Nameanddescribethesixbasic
approachesthatresearchhasrevealedthatindividualsusetoresolvepurchaseconflictsaftertheyhave
arisen.

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111.Monicaisanewmotherandreadsseveralmagazinesandbookstobetterunderstandhowhersonwill
develop.OnebooksheusedexplainedPiaget'sstagesofcognitivedevelopment.Basedonthesestages,
explainwhatMonicacanexpectasherchildgrowsup.

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Chapter06TheAmericanSociety:FamiliesandHouseholdsAnswerKey

Multiple Choice Questions

1.

Singlehouseholdsrepresent_____percentofAmericanhouseholds.

27
A.
B.
C.
D.
15
E.
10
Statisticalestimatesputthenumberofsinglehouseholdsat27percent.

2
5

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LearningObjective:0601Explaintheconceptofhouseholdtypesandtheirinfluenceonconsumption
Topic:TheAmericanSociety:FamiliesandHouseholds

2.

Whatisthebasicconsumptionunitformostconsumergoods?

A.
organization
household
B.
C.
individual
D.
husband
E.
wife
Majoritemssuchashousing,automobiles,andappliancesareconsumedmorebyhouseholdunitsthan
byindividuals.

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LearningObjective:0601Explaintheconceptofhouseholdtypesandtheirinfluenceonconsumption
Topic:TheInfluenceofHouseholds

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3.

Whichofthefollowingisahouseholdfactorthatinfluencespurchaseandconsumptionbehavior?

A.
structureofhouseholdunit
B.
stageofthehouseholdlifecycle
C.
householddecisionprocess
D.
AandB
A,B,andC
E.
Thehouseholdinfluencesmostconsumptiondecisions.

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LearningObjective:0601Explaintheconceptofhouseholdtypesandtheirinfluenceonconsumption
Topic:TheAmericanSociety:FamiliesandHouseholds

4.

AccordingtotheCensusBureau,allthepeoplewhooccupyahousingunitisdefinedasa_____.

A.
buyingunit
B.
blendedfamily
C.
familyhousehold
household
D.
E.
traditionalfamily
TheCensusBureaudefinesahouseholdasallthepeoplewhooccupyahousingunit.

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LearningObjective:0601Explaintheconceptofhouseholdtypesandtheirinfluenceonconsumption
Topic:TypesofHouseholds

5.

Sarahandherthreeroommatesshareanapartment.AccordingtotheCensusBureau,Sarahandher
roommatesconstitutea_____.

A.
family
B.
nontraditionalfamily
C.
subculture
D.
blendedfamily
household
E.
TheCensusBureaudefinesahouseholdasallthepeoplewhooccupyahousingunit.

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6.

A_____hasatleasttwomembersrelatedbybirth,marriage,oradoption,oneofwhomisthe
householder(i.e.,theonewhoownsorrentstheresidence).

familyhousehold
A.
B.
blendedfamilyhousehold
C.
consumptionunit
D.
household
E.
nontraditionalfamilyhousehold
Afamilyhouseholdhasatleasttwomembersrelatedbybirth,marriage,oradoption,oneofwhomis
thehouseholder(i.e.,theonewhoownsorrentstheresidence).

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7.

JohnandDawnhavebeenmarriedformorethan20years.TheyhavelivedintheirhomeinNorthville,
MI(asuburbofDetroit),withtheirthreechildrenformostofthoseyears.AccordingtotheCensus
Bureau,whichtypeofhouseholddotheylivein?

A.
suburbanhousehold
B.
urbanhousehold
C.
ruralhousehold
D.
blendedfamilyhousehold
familyhousehold
E.
Afamilyhouseholdhasatleasttwomembersrelatedbybirth,marriage,oradoption,oneofwhomis
thehouseholder(i.e.,theonewhoownsorrentstheresidence).

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LearningObjective:0601Explaintheconceptofhouseholdtypesandtheirinfluenceonconsumption
Topic:TypesofHouseholds

8.

AccordingtotheCensusBureau,a_____householdisahouseholderlivingaloneorexclusivelywith
otherstowhomheorsheisnotrelated.

A.
family
nonfamily
B.
C.
traditional
D.
blended
E.
consumption
Anonfamilyhouseholdisahouseholderlivingaloneorexclusivelywithotherstowhomheorsheis
notrelated.

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Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation
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LearningObjective:0601Explaintheconceptofhouseholdtypesandtheirinfluenceonconsumption
Topic:TypesofHouseholds

9.

EricandElizabethlivetogetherinthesameapartmentbutarenotmarried.AccordingtotheCensus
Bureau,whichtypeofhouseholddotheyrepresent?

A.
familyhousehold
B.
blendedhousehold
nonfamilyhousehold
C.
D.
nontraditionalhousehold
E.
nonconformisthousehold
Anonfamilyhouseholdisahouseholderlivingaloneorexclusivelywithotherstowhomheorsheis
notrelated.

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LearningObjective:0601Explaintheconceptofhouseholdtypesandtheirinfluenceonconsumption
Topic:TypesofHouseholds

10.

Whichtypeoffamilyconsistsofamarriedcouple,oneorbothofwhomwerepreviouslymarried,their
children,andthechildrenfromthepreviousmarriageofoneorbothparents?

A.
nontraditionalfamily
B.
traditionalfamily
C.
nonfamilyhousehold
stepfamily
D.
E.
combinationfamily
HighdivorceandremarriageratesmeanthatasubstantialnumberofAmericanchildrengrowupwith
stepparentsandstepsiblingsandoftenhavetwosuchfamilies,oneformedbytheirmotherandtheother
bytheirfather.

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11.

Ashleyandherhusbandjusthadtheirfirstchild.Ashleywasmarriedpreviously,andhertwoyoung
childrenfromthatmarriagealsolivewithAshleyandhercurrenthusband.Whichtypeoffamilyis
this?

A.
nontraditionalfamily
B.
traditionalfamily
C.
multigenerationalfamily
D.
secondaryfamily
stepfamily
E.
Astepfamilyconsistsofamarriedcouple,oneorbothofwhomwerepreviouslymarried,theirchildren,
andthechildrenfromthepreviousmarriageofoneorbothparents.

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Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0601Explaintheconceptofhouseholdtypesandtheirinfluenceonconsumption
Topic:TypesofHouseholds

12.

Whichtypeoffamilyconsistsofamarriedcoupleandtheirownoradoptedchildrenlivingathome?

A.
nontraditionalfamily
traditionalfamily
B.
C.
blendedfamily
D.
stepfamily
E.
combinationfamily
Atraditionalfamilyisamarriedoppositesexcoupleandtheirownoradoptedchildrenlivingathome.

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LearningObjective:0601Explaintheconceptofhouseholdtypesandtheirinfluenceonconsumption
Topic:TypesofHouseholds

13.

BarryandLauriehavebeenmarriedforalmost20years,andthisisthefirstmarriageforbothofthem.
Theyhavetwochildrenlivingathome.Whichtypeoffamilyisthis?

A.
nontraditionalfamily
traditionalfamily
B.
C.
blendedfamily
D.
stepfamily
E.
combinationfamily
Atraditionalfamilyisamarriedoppositesexcoupleandtheirownoradoptedchildrenlivingathome.

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LearningObjective:0601Explaintheconceptofhouseholdtypesandtheirinfluenceonconsumption
Topic:TypesofHouseholds

14.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonforthedeclineintraditionalfamilies?

A. anincreaseinsingleparenthouseholdsasaresultofdivorce
B. anincreaseinsingleindividualsasthemedianageofmarriageisdelayed
C.
anincreaseinsolesurvivorsasourpopulationages
achangeinthewaytheCensusBureauhasdefined"traditionalfamily"
D.
E. Alloftheabovearereasonsforthedeclineintraditionalfamilies.
TheCensusBureauhasnotchangedthewayithasdefined"traditionalfamily."

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LearningObjective:0601Explaintheconceptofhouseholdtypesandtheirinfluenceonconsumption
Topic:TypesofHouseholds

15.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonmultigenerationalfamiliesofferopportunitiesandchallenges
formarketers?

A. Somemembersarecaregiverstofamilymembersorfriends.
B.
Severalgenerationsmightliveinonehousehold.
C.
Somemembersarelesstechnologicallyproficient.
Theyarenoteasytoidentifyandreach.
D.
E.
Alloftheaboveofferopportunitiesandchallenges.
AsAmericanhouseholdsandfamiliesevolveawayfromthetraditionalfamilymodel,marketersmust
adapt.

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16.

Janetisa60yearoldsecretarywitharetiredhusbandand30yearoldunemployedsonwholivesat
home.Janet's90yearoldwidowedmotherMay,whoisdisabled,haslivedwiththefamilyforsix
years.May'sSocialSecurityandMedicaredonotadequatelycoverherlivingandmedicalexpenses.
Whichtypeoffamilyisrepresentedhere?

multigenerationalfamily
A.
B.
stepfamily
C.
traditionalfamily
D.
nontraditionalfamily
E.
seniorfamily
Amultigenerationalfamilyisafamilyhouseholdcontainingatleasttwoadultgenerationsora
grandparentandatleastoneothergeneration.

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Difficulty:1Easy
LearningObjective:0602Summarizethehouseholdlifecycle'svariousstagesandmarketingimplications
Topic:TypesofHouseholds

17.

Mostfamiliespassthroughanorderlyprogressionofstages,eachwithitsowncharacteristics,financial
situation,andpurchasingpatterns,whichisthebasicassumptionunderlyingthe_____approach.

householdlifecycle(HLC)
A.
B.
productlifecycle(PLC)
C.
brandlifecycle(BLC)
D.
inevitablecycle(IC)
E.
predictablecycle(PC)
TheHLCassumesthathouseholdsmoveintoavarietyofrelativelydistinctandwelldefinedcategories
overtime.

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LearningObjective:0602Summarizethehouseholdlifecycle'svariousstagesandmarketingimplications
Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

18.

Stagesofthehouseholdlifecyclearebasedon____.

A.
ageoftheadultmembers
B.
maritalstatusoftheadultmembers
C.
presenceofchildren
D.
ageofchildren
alloftheabove
E.
TheHLCassumesthathouseholdsmoveintoavarietyofrelativelydistinctandwelldefinedcategories
overtime.

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Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation
Blooms:Remember
Difficulty:1Easy
LearningObjective:0602Summarizethehouseholdlifecycle'svariousstagesandmarketingimplications
Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

19.

Whichofthefollowingisconsidereda"younger"(i.e.,<35)stageofthehouseholdlifecycle?

A.
singleparentII
B.
singleII
C.
singleIII
fullnestI
D.
E.
emptynestI
FullnestIareyoungmarriedcoupleswithchildren.

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20.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTconsidereda"middleaged"(i.e.,3564)stageofthehouseholdlife
cycle?

A.
singleII
B.
fullnestII
C.
delayedfullnestI
D.
singleparentII
EmptynestII
E.
EmptynestIIispartoftheolder(i.e.,>64)stageofthehouseholdlifecycle.

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21.

Whichofthefollowingisconsideredan"older"(i.e.,>64)stageofthehouseholdlifecycle?

A.
singleII
B.
delayedfullnestI
singleIII
C.
D.
singleparentII
E.
emptynestI
SingleIIIispartoftheolder(i.e.,>64)stageofthehouseholdlifecycle.

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Blooms:Remember
Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0602Summarizethehouseholdlifecycle'svariousstagesandmarketingimplications
Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

22.

WhichHLCgroupisbasicallytheunmarriedmembersoftheGenerationYers?

singleI
A.
B.
singleII
C.
singleIII
D.
singleX/Y
E.
emptynest
SingleIistheunmarriedmembersoftheGenerationYers.

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Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

23.

Fortyeightpercentoffemalesclassifiedas"singleI"_____.

A.
livealone
B.
livewithparent(s)
livewithothers
C.
D.
aredivorced
E.
areengagedtobemarried
FortyeightpercentoffemalesclassifiedassingleIlivewithothers.

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24.

Mikeisa23yearoldrecentcollegegraduateandisstartinghiscareerasapharmaceuticalsales
representative.Hewillbelivinginanextendedstayhotelinthecitywherehewillundergotraining,but
oncehefinishesthat,heplansonrentinganiceapartmentwithafriendofhisfromcollege.Healso
wantstopurchaseasportscarandsavemoneyforaskivacationnextyear.Towhichstageofthe
householdlifecycledoesMikebelong?

singleI
A.
B.
singleII
C.
beginning
D.
introduction
E.
growth
ThirtyninepercentofmalesclassifiedassingleIlivewithothers.

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LearningObjective:0602Summarizethehouseholdlifecycle'svariousstagesandmarketingimplications
Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

25.

JulieandBartarebothintheirlate20sandrecentlymarried.Theyhavenochildrenandarelearning
howtomakejointdecisions.Recentpurchase/servicedecisionswererelatedtohouseholdfurnishings,a
washeranddryer,andinsurancecoverage.Whichstageofthehouseholdlifecyclearethey
experiencing?

youngmarried
A.
B.
fullnest
C.
emptynest
D.
introduction
E.
growth
Youngmarriedareyounger(i.e.,<35)coupleswithnochildren.

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LearningObjective:0602Summarizethehouseholdlifecycle'svariousstagesandmarketingimplications
Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

26.

Whenacouplehaschildren,expendituresonwhichofthefollowingdoNOTusuallydecrease?

A.
alcoholicbeverages
B.
mealsout
healthcare
C.
D.
personalcareproducts
E.
adultapparel
Newpurchasesintheareasofbabyclothes,furniture,food,andhealthcareproductsoccurinthisstage.

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Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation
Blooms:Remember
Difficulty:3Hard
LearningObjective:0602Summarizethehouseholdlifecycle'svariousstagesandmarketingimplications
Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

27.

StacyandAdamhavejusthadtheirfirstchild,andtheyhopetohavetwomore.Theycanexpect
expendituresonwhichofthefollowingtoincrease?

A.
mealsout
B.
education
C.
personalcareproducts
foodathome
D.
E.
alcoholicbeverages
Discretionaryandadultexpendituresarereducedbythespendingonchildrelatedproductssuchas
food,healthcare,andchildren'sapparel.

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Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

28.

Roughlywhatpercentageofchildrenareborntounmarriedmothers,apercentagethathasrisenby13
percentagepointssince1990?

A.
10percent
B.
25percent
40percent
C.
D.
50percent
E.
66percent
Roughly40percentofchildrenareborntounmarriedmothers.

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29.

Whileroughly40percentofchildrenareborntounmarriedmothers,thismaynotbeanaccurate
representationofthesituation.Amoreaccuraterepresentationofthesituationmaybegainedbylooking
atthepercentageofAmericanhouseholdsthataresingleparentfamilies.Whatisthatpercentage?

A.
2percent
B.
5percent
9percent
C.
D.
14percent
E.
21percent
NinepercentofAmericanhouseholdsaresingleparentfamilies,and80percentoftheseareheadedby
women.

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Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

30.

Whichstageofthehouseholdlifecycleismadeupofpeoplebetweentheagesof35and64whohave
nevermarriedandthosewhoaredivorcedandhavenochildrearingresponsibilities?

middleagedsingle(orsingleII)
A.
B.
middleagedchildless
C.
emptynestI
D.
emptynestII
E.
singleIII
Themiddleagedsinglecategoryismadeupofpeoplewhohavenevermarriedandthosewhoare
divorcedandhavenochildrearingresponsibilities.

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31.

Bobbieis47yearsold,hasneverbeenmarried,anddoesnothaveanychildrenofherown.Shelives
aloneanddoesn'tliketocookbecausemostrecipesfeedmorethanoneperson.Shecanonlyeatso
manyleftovers,andsheusuallyforgetsaboutitifshefreezestoeatatalaterdate.Soshepurchases
frozendinnersandcannedfoodthatcomeinsingleservings.Towhichstageofthehouseholdlifecycle
doesBobbiebelong?

middleagedsingle(orsingleII)
A.
B.
middleagedemptynest
C.
emptynestI
D.
emptynestII
E.
singleIII
Themiddleagedsinglecategoryismadeupofpeoplewhohavenevermarriedandthosewhoare
divorcedandhavenochildrearingresponsibilities.

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Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

32.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTadescriptionofthehouseholdlifecyclestageknownas"emptynestI:
middleagedwithnochildren"?

A.
marriedcoupleswhohaveneverhadchildren
B. secondmarriagesinwhichchildrenfromafirstmarriagearenotlivingwiththeparent
C.
marriedcoupleswhosechildrenhavelefthome
D. marriedcoupleswhohaveadoptedchildrenwhoarestilllivingathome
E. Alloftheabovearecharacteristicsofthishouseholdlifecyclestage.
Emptynestisatermfornochildrenathome.

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33.

TonyandKatieareintheir50s,andbothhavecareersthatkeepthemverybusy.However,their
childrenaregrown,sotheyhavemorefreetimeandmoneythantheyusedtohave.Whichtypeof
productorservicearetheylikelytospendLESSmoneyonthantheyhaveinthepast?

foodathome
A.
B.
expensivevacations
C.
mealsout
D.
housecleaning
E.
luxurycars
Theabsenceofresponsibilitiesforchildrencreatesfreetimeandmoneytospendondiningout,
expensivevacations,housecleaning,andluxurycars.

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34.

Thetrendtowardlatermarriageandchildrenhasresultedinwhichofthefollowing?

A. Morethan80percentofallmarriedcoupleswithchildrenunder18nowfallintothemiddleage
HLCcategoriesofdelayedfullnestIandfullnestII.
B. Now,71percentofallmarriedcoupleswithchildrenunder18fallintothemiddleageHLC
categoriesofdelayedfullnestIandfullnestII.
C. Now,theemptynestIHLCcategorydoesnotbeginuntilmarriedcouplesareover64yearsold.
D. ThestageoftheHLClabeledemptynestInolongerexists.
E. Now,71percentofallmarriedcouplesdonotexperiencetheemptynestIIstageoftheHLC.
Middleaged(3564)marriedcoupleswithchildren(labeleddelayedfullnestIandfullnestII)makeup
roughly15percentofallhouseholdsandrepresent71percentofallmarriedcoupleswithchildrenunder
18.

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Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

35.

WhatisamajordifferencebetweendelayedfullnestIandyoungernewparents?

A.
thenumberofchildren
income
B.
C.
education
D.
commitment
E.
yearsmarried
Oldernewparents'incomesaresignificantlylargerthanthoseofyoungernewparents.

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Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

36.

SheilaandJimarebothprofessionalsintheirlate30sandhavetwochildrenundertheageof5.Which
stageofthehouseholdlifecyclearetheyin?

A.
youngmarried
B.
fullnestI
C.
fullnestII
delayedfullnestI
D.
E.
laggards
DelayedfullnestIareoldermarriedcoupleswithyoungchildren.

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37.

WhatisamajordifferencebetweenthefullnestIIanddelayedfullnestIstagesofthehouseholdlife
cycle?

A.
income
B.
ageoftheparents
ageofthechildren
C.
D.
numberofchildren
E.
yearsmarried
ThechildrenoffullnestIIaregenerallyoverage6andarebecomingmoreindependent.

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38.

TeresaandJohnarebothintheir40sandhavetwochildrenlivingathome.Theirdaughter,Erin,is14
yearsold,andtheirson,Stephen,is11yearsold.Towhichstageofthehouseholdlifecycledothey
belong?

A.
youngmarried
B.
fullnestI
fullnestII
C.
D.
delayedfullnestI
E.
laggards
ThechildrenoffullnestIIaregenerallyoverage6andarebecomingmoreindependent.

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39.

TeriandEdareintheir40s,arechildless,andweremarriedfor15yearsbutarenowdivorced.
However,Terihasalwayswantedchildren,sosheadoptedadaughter,whoisnow2yearsold.To
whichstageofthehouseholdlifecycledoTeriandherdaughterbelong?

A.
singleparentI
B.
divorcedparentI
singleparentII
C.
D.
fullnestI
E.
delayedfullnestI
SingleparentIIaremiddleagedsingleindividualswithchildrenathome.

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40.

Consumersinwhichstageofthehouseholdlifecycleareover64yearsofage;areeitherfullyor
partiallyretired;arehealthy,active,andoftenfinanciallywelloff;andareabigmarketforRVs,
cruises,andsecondhomes?

A.
singleI
B.
singleII
C.
emptynestI
emptynestII
D.
E.
delayedemptynest
EmptynestIIareoldermarriedcouplesthatareeitherfullyorpartiallyretired.

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Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

41.

Rayisretired,andheandhiswifearebothintheirlate60s.Theyarehealthy,active,andfinancially
welloff.TheypurchasedanRVandplantotraveltoall48ofthecontinentalUnitedStates.Which
stageofthehouseholdlifecycledescribesthem?

A.
childless
B.
jobless
C.
retired
D.
emptynestI
emptynestII
E.
EmptynestIIareoldermarriedcouplesthatareeitherfullyorpartiallyretired.

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42.

Consumerswhoaresingleduetothedeathofaspousearelabeled_____.

A.
singlebydeath
B.
singlebychoice
singlebycircumstance
C.
D.
singleagain
E.
unwillinglysingle
Singlebycircumstanceconsumersarelessinnovative,moreriskaverse,morepricesensitive,andmore
likelytoengageincopingbehaviorssuchaswatchingTV.

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43.

Barbarais72yearsoldandhasbeenawidowforalmostthreeyears.Shewouldbelabeled_____.

A.
singlebydeath
B.
singlebychoice
singlebycircumstance
C.
D.
singleagain
E.
unwillinglysingle
Singlebycircumstanceconsumersarelessinnovative,moreriskaverse,morepricesensitive,andmore
likelytoengageincopingbehaviorssuchaswatchingTV.

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Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

44.

Researchsuggeststhatoldersingleswhoaresinglebycircumstance(i.e.,deathofaspouse)will
_____.

A.
belessinnovative
B.
bemoreriskaverse
C.
bemorepricesensitive
D. engageincopingbehaviorssuchasspendingmoretimewatchingtelevision
alloftheabove
E.
Singlebycircumstanceconsumersarelessinnovative,moreriskaverse,morepricesensitive,andmore
likelytoengageincopingbehaviorssuchaswatchingTV.

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Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

45.

TheverticalaxisintheHLC/occupationalcategorymatrixrepresents_____,whichdeterminesthe
problemsthehouseholdwilllikelyencounter.

A.
asetofoccupationalcategories
B.
thenumberofchildreninthehousehold
C.
thehouseholdincome
thestageinthehouseholdlifecycle
D.
E.
currenteconomicconditions
TheverticalaxisrepresentstheparticularstageintheHLC.

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LearningObjective:0602Summarizethehouseholdlifecycle'svariousstagesandmarketingimplications
Topic:MarketingStrategyBasedontheHouseholdLifeCycle

46.

ThehorizontalaxisintheHLC/occupationalcategorymatrixrepresents_____,whichprovidesarange
ofacceptablesolutions.

asetofoccupationalcategories
A.
B.
thenumberofchildreninthehousehold
C.
thehouseholdincome
D.
stageinthehouseholdlifecycle
E.
currenteconomicconditions
Thehorizontalaxisrepresentsasetofoccupationalstrategies.

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47.

Theconsumerinsightonremodelingdiscussesmechanismsunderlyinghouseholdlifecyclechanges.
Themechanismrelatingtobalancingcompetingcommitmentsonhowagivenspaceisusedis:

prioritizing
A.
B.
embodying
C.
adapting
D.
socialization
E.
mediation
Prioritizingrelatestodealingwithcompetingspaceneeds.

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48.

Theconsumerinsightonremodelingdiscussesmechanismsunderlyinghouseholdlifecyclechanges.
Themechanismrelatingtoawarenessofneedtomodifythephysicalarrangementoftheirhomesis
____.

A.
prioritizing
B.
embodying
adapting
C.
D.
socialization
E.
mediation
Adaptingrelatestotheneedtomodifythephysicalarrangementofahome.

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Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

49.

Theconsumerinsightonremodelingdiscussesmechanismsunderlyinghouseholdlifecyclechanges.
Themechanismrelatingtophysicalneedsnoworinfuturerelatingtohowspaceisusedis_____.

A.
prioritizing
embodying
B.
C.
adapting
D.
socialization
E.
mediation
Embodyingrelatestohowphysicalneedsandchangesinthemcouldaffecthowthehomeisarranged.

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50.

_____istheprocessbywhichdecisionsthatdirectlyorindirectlyinvolvetwoormorefamilymembers
aremade.

A.
Householddecisionmaking
B.
Consumerdecisionmaking
Familydecisionmaking
C.
D.
Jointdecisionmaking
E.
Groupdecisionmaking
Decisionmakingbyagroupsuchasafamilydiffersinmanywaysfromdecisionsmadebyan
individual.

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Topic:FamilyDecisionMaking

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51.

Afamilypurchasedecisiondiffersfromanorganizationaldecisionin_____.

thelevelofemotioninvolved
A.
B.
theinvolvementofmultiplepeopleinthedecision
C.
theabsenceoftimepressure
D. thefactthatdifferentpeopleplaydifferentrolesinthepurchase
E.
alloftheabove
Manyfamilypurchasesareinherentlyemotionalandaffecttherelationshipsbetweenthefamily
members.

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Topic:FamilyDecisionMaking

52.

Whichofthefollowingisafamilypurchaserole?

A.
initiator
B.
informationgatherer
C.
user
D.
purchaser
alloftheabove
E.
Initiator,informationgatherer,user,andpurchaserareallfamilypurchaseroles.

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Topic:TheNatureofFamilyPurchaseRoles

53.

Thefamilymemberwhofirstrecognizesaneedorstartsthepurchaseprocessisknownasthe_____.

initiator
A.
B.
informationgatherer
C.
influencer
D.
decisionmaker
E.
user
Theinitiatoristhefamilymemberwhofirstrecognizesaneedorstartsthepurchaseprocess.

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54.

Stanhasnoticedthathiscarisnotworkingproperlyandthatitisgettingexpensivetorepair.Thus,he
gatheredhisfamilytogethertodiscussthepurchaseofanewautomobile.Intermsoffamilypurchase
roles,whichonebestdescribesStan'sactions?

initiator
A.
B.
informationgatherer
C.
influencer
D.
decisionmaker
E.
user
Theinitiatoristhefamilymemberwhofirstrecognizesaneedorstartsthepurchaseprocess.

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55.

WhileKatieandMatthewarethechildreninthefamily,theydoinfluencethealternativesconsidered
fortheirfamily'ssummervacation.WhatroledoKatieandMatthewplayinthisfamilydecision?

A.
initiators
B.
informationgatherers
influencers
C.
D.
decisionmakers
E.
purchasers
Influencersarethosewhoinfluencethealternativesevaluated,thecriteriaconsidered,andthefinal
choice.

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56.

Whichfamilypurchaseroleisplayedbytheindividual(s)whomakesthefinaldecision?

A.
initiator
B.
informationgatherer
C.
influencer
decisionmaker
D.
E.
Thedecisionmakermakesthefinaldecision.

user

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LearningObjective:0603Understandthefamilydecisionprocess
Topic:TheNatureofFamilyPurchaseRoles

57.

Bobisinthesixthgrade.Hisfamilydoesnotownacomputer,andhereallyneedsonetodohis
homework.Healsowantsonesohecanplaysomeofthegameshehearshisfriendstalkingabout.His
parentsrealizethatheneedsacomputer,buttheyreallyhavenoneedforoneandprobablywillnever
useit.Becausetheydon'tknowmuchaboutcomputers,theyarelettingBobdoalltheresearchand
askedhimtofindtheoptionsthatwillmeethisneeds.However,hisparentsaretheoneswhowillmake
thefinaldecisiononhowmuchtospendandwhichcomputertopurchase.Intermsofthefamily
purchaseroles,whichroledoBob'sparentsplay?

A.
initiator
B.
informationgatherer
C.
influencer
decisionmaker
D.
E.
Thedecisionmakermakesthefinaldecision.

user

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58.

Whatfamilypurchaseroleisplayedbytheindividualwhoactuallypurchasestheproductthefamilyhas
decidedupon?

A.
initiator
B.
informationgatherer
C.
influencer
D.
decisionmaker
purchaser
E.
Thepurchaseristhefamilymemberwhoactuallypurchasestheproduct.

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59.

Whiletheentirefamilyisusuallyinvolvedinmajorpurchasedecisions,Lisaistheonewhousually
makestheactualpurchase.WhatfamilypurchaseroledoesLisaplay?

A.
initiator
B.
informationgatherer
C.
influencer
D.
decisionmaker
purchaser
E.
Thepurchaseristhefamilymemberwhoactuallypurchasestheproduct.

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60.

CarlaandJohnarebothchildren,buttheyusetheirfamily'selectronicequipmentsuchasTVs,DVD
players,andstereoequipment.Theydidnotplaymuchofaroleinthepurchasedecisiononwhich
brandstobuy,buttheirparentsdidconsidertheirneedswhendecidingonwhichproductsandbrandsto
purchase.Intermsoffamilypurchaseroles,whatroledothesechildrenplay?

A.
initiator
B.
informationgatherer
C.
influencer
D.
user
CandD
E.
Informationgatherersusetheirexpertise,andinfluencersevaluatethealternativesinthesefamily
decisions.

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61.

Whichofthefollowingarewaystocategorizefamilydecisionmaking?

A.
husbanddominant
B.
wifedominant
C.
individualized
D.
childdominant
alloftheabove
E.
Therearemanywaystocategorizefamilydecisionsmaking,includinghusbanddominant,wife
dominant,individualized,andchilddominant.

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Topic:TheNatureofFamilyPurchaseRoles

62.

HankandCarolhavebeenmarriedformorethan20years,andinthattimetheyhavepurchasedsix
automobiles.Hankistheonewhousuallydoesalltheresearchanddecideswhattheycanafford,while
Caroljustgetsinvolvedwhenit'stimetodecideamongafewalternatives,andshereallyonlycares
aboutthecomfortandstyling.Whichofthefollowingcategoryoffamilydecisionmakingdoesthis
illustrate?

husbanddominant
A.
B.
wifedominant
C.
individualized
D.
singlerole
E.
dualrole
Husbanddominateddecisionshavetraditionallyoccurredwiththepurchaseofsuchproductsas
automobiles,liquor,andlifeinsurance.

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63.

Familiesconsideringthepurchaseofproductssuchasahouse,furniture,oravacation,typicallyuse
whichtypeoffamilydecisionmaking?

A.
husbanddominant
B.
wifedominant
C.
individualized
joint
D.
E.
childdominant
Forlargehouseholdpurchasesandfamilyweekendactivitiesdecisionstendtobeshared.

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64.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEregardingthenatureoffamilypurchasesandtheroles
playedbyvariousfamilymembers?

A.
Individualstendtoplaythesameroleforalldecisions.
B. Allfamilymemberstendtobeinvolvedineverystageofthedecisionprocess.
C. Overtime,eachspousedevelopsmorespecializedrolesasapartofthefamilylifestyleandfamily
responsibilities.
D. Individualfamilymembersplayonlyasingleroleinagivenpurchasedecision.
E. Thestageofthedecisionprocessdoesnotinfluencedecisionroles.
Whethertherolesthatareadoptedaretraditionalormodern,rolespecializationstilltendstoevolve
overtimebecauseitismuchmoreefficient.

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Topic:DeterminantsofFamilyPurchaseRoles

65.

Whichofthefollowingcaninfluencehowfamilymembersinteractinapurchasedecision?

A.
cultureorsubcultureinwhichthefamilyexists
B.
rolespecializationofdifferentfamilymembers
C. degreeofinvolvementeachhasintheproductareaofconcern
D.
personalcharacteristicsofthefamilymembers
alloftheabove
E.
Manyfactorsinfluencehowfamilymembersinteractinapurchasedecision.

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66.

HispanicswhoidentifymoststronglywiththeirHispanicsubculturesaremostlikelytoengagein
_____.

A.
wifedominateddecisions
husbanddominateddecisions
B.
C.
jointdecisions
D.
childdominateddecisions
E.
noneoftheabove
TheHispanicsubculturehasmoreofamasculineorientationthanthebroaderculture.

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LearningObjective:0603Understandthefamilydecisionprocess
Topic:DeterminantsofFamilyPurchaseRoles

67.

Regardingthebalanceoffamilypurchaseroles,whichofthefollowingtraditionallymaledominated
categoriesis(are)tippingtowardthewife?

A.
TVremotecontrol
B.
householdfinances
C.
familyweekendactivities
AandB
D.
E.
alloftheabove
Aswomen'soccupationalroleshaveexpanded,sohastherangeoffamilydecisionsinwhichthey
participateordominate.

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Topic:TheNatureofFamilyPurchaseRoles

68.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTabasicapproachthatindividualsinafamilyusetoresolvepurchase
conflictsaftertheyhavearisen?

A.
bargaining
B.
useofauthority
physicalforce
C.
D.
playingonemotion
E.
reasoning
Physicalforceisnotabasicapproachthatindividualsinafamilyusetoresolvepurchaseconflictsafter
theyhavearisen.

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69.

Karenandherkidswerehungryandweretryingtodecidewheretoeatfordinner.Afterseveralminutes
ofbickering,Karendecidedwheretheyweregoingtogo.Herchildrenbalkedatherdecisionandasked
whyshegottodecide,andshesaid,"BecauseI'myourmotherandIsaidso!"Whichapproachdid
Karenusetoresolvethisfamilyconflict?

A.
bargaining
useofauthority
B.
C.
impressionmanagement
D.
playingonemotion
E.
reasoning
Useofauthorityisclaimingsuperiorexpertiseorroleappropriateness.

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Blooms:Understand
Difficulty:1Easy
LearningObjective:0603Understandthefamilydecisionprocess
Topic:ConflictResolution

70.

Whichapproachtoconflictresolutionmisrepresentsthefactsinordertowin?

A.
bargaining
B.
useofauthority
impressionmanagement
C.
D.
playingonemotion
E.
reasoning
Impressionmanagementismisrepresentingthefactsinordertowin.

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Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0603Understandthefamilydecisionprocess
Topic:ConflictResolution

71.

WhichofthesecategoriesisNOTpartofthecontentofconsumerlearning?

A.
consumerskills
learningskills
B.
C.
consumptionrelatedpreferences
D.
consumptionrelatedattitudes
E. Alloftheabovearepartofthecontentofconsumerlearning.
Thecontentofconsumerlearningcanbebrokendownintoconsumerskills,consumptionrelated
preferences,andconsumptionrelatedskills.

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LearningObjective:0604Describetherolethathouseholdsplayinchildsocialization
Topic:TheContentofConsumerSocialization

72.

Theprocessinwhichyoungpeopleacquireskills,knowledge,andattitudesrelevanttotheirfunctioning
asconsumersinthemarketplacesisknownas_____.

A.
consumereducation
consumersocialization
B.
C.
consumerprogramming
D.
consumerresearch
E.
consumeracclimation
Thecontentofconsumersocializationreferstowhatchildrenlearnwithrespecttoconsumption;the
processreferstohowtheylearnit.

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Topic:ConsumerSocialization

73.

WhichofthefollowingreferstoWHATchildrenlearnwithrespecttoconsumption?

A.
theprocessofconsumersocialization
B.
therateofconsumersocialization
C.
theimpactofconsumersocialization
thecontentofconsumersocialization
D.
E.
theinfluenceofconsumersocialization
Thecontentofconsumersocializationincludesconsumerskills,whicharethosecapabilitiesnecessary
forpurchasestooccur,suchasunderstandingmoney,budgeting,productevaluation,andsoforth.

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Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0604Describetherolethathouseholdsplayinchildsocialization
Topic:TheContentofConsumerSocialization

74.

WhichofthefollowingreferstoHOWchildrenlearnwithrespecttoconsumption?

theprocessofconsumersocialization
A.
B.
therateofconsumersocialization
C.
theimpactofconsumersocialization
D.
thecontentofconsumersocialization
E.
theinfluenceofconsumersocialization
Achildhastolearnhowtoshop,howtocomparesimilarbrands,howtobudgetavailableincome,and
thelike.

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Topic:TheContentofConsumerSocialization

75.

Amajorbasisforconcernaboutmarketingtochildrenistheirinabilitytofullyprocessandunderstand
commercialmessages.Muchofthetheoryandresearchinthisareaisbasedon_____.

A.
Asch'sdiffusiontheory
B.
Weber'sintellectenhancementtheory
Piaget'sstagesofcognitivedevelopment
C.
D.
Pavlov'sprocessacquisitionstages
E.
noneoftheabove
Piaget'sstagetheorydescribesthecognitivedevelopmentofchildren.

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Topic:TheAbilityofChildrentoLearn

76.

Inchildren'sinformationprocessing,theperiodofconcreteoperationsischaracterizedby_____.

A.
anabsenceofconceptualthought
B.
thedevelopmentoflanguage
C. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogicalthoughttoconcreteproblems
D. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogictoalltypesofproblems
E.
noneoftheabove
AccordingtoPiaget,stage3istheperiodofconcreteoperations(8to11years).

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Topic:TheAbilityofChildrentoLearn

77.

Inchildren'sinformationprocessing,theperiodofsensorimotorintelligenceischaracterizedby_____.

anabsenceofconceptualthought
A.
B.
thedevelopmentoflanguage
C. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogicalthoughttoconcreteproblems
D. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogictoalltypesofproblems
E.
noneoftheabove
InPiaget'sstage1(0to2years),behaviorisprimarilymotor.

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Blooms:Remember
Difficulty:2Medium
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Topic:TheAbilityofChildrentoLearn

78.

Inchildren'sinformationprocessing,theperiodofpreoperationalthoughtischaracterizedby_____.

A.
anabsenceofconceptualthought
thedevelopmentoflanguage
B.
C. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogicalthoughttoconcreteproblems
D. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogictoalltypesofproblems
E.
noneoftheabove
Piaget'sstage2(3to7years)ischaracterizedbythedevelopmentoflanguageandrapidconceptual
development.

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Topic:TheAbilityofChildrentoLearn

79.

Inchildren'sinformationprocessing,theperiodofformaloperationsischaracterizedby_____.

A.
anabsenceofconceptualthought
B.
thedevelopmentoflanguage
C. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogicalthoughttoconcreteproblems
D. thedevelopmentoftheabilitytoapplylogictoalltypesofproblems
E.
noneoftheabove
InPiaget'sstage4(12to15years)thechild'scognitivestructuresreachtheirgreatestlevelsof
development.

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80.

Thosecapabilitiesnecessaryforpurchasestooccursuchasunderstandingmoney,budgeting,product
evaluation,andsofortharereferredtoas_____.

A.
buyingskills
B.
consumptionrelatedpreferences
C.
consumptionrelatedattitudes
D.
instrumentalskills
consumerskills
E.
Consumerskillsarethosecapabilitiesnecessaryforpurchasestooccursuchasunderstandingmoney,
budgeting,productevaluation,andsoforth.

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Blooms:Remember
Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0604Describetherolethathouseholdsplayinchildsocialization
Topic:TheContentofConsumerSocialization

81.

Bobisteachinghisson,Jack,howtohandlemoney,countchange,howtosaveforadesiredpurchase,
andhowtochooseanappropriateproduct.Bobisteachinghisson_____.

A.
buyingskills
B.
consumptionrelatedpreferences
C.
consumptionrelatedattitudes
D.
economicskills
consumerskills
E.
Consumerskillsarethosecapabilitiesnecessaryforpurchasestooccursuchasunderstandingmoney,
budgeting,productevaluation,andsoforth.

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Blooms:Understand
Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0604Describetherolethathouseholdsplayinchildsocialization
Topic:TheContentofConsumerSocialization

82.

_____aretheknowledge,attitudes,andvaluesthatcausepeopletoattachdifferentialevaluationsto
products,brands,andretailoutlets.

A.
Buyingskills
Consumptionrelatedpreferences
B.
C.
Consumptionrelatedattitudes
D.
Instrumentalattitudes
E.
Consumerskills
Informationaboutaproduct'sprestigeisnotnecessarytocarryouttheactualpurchase,butitis
extremelyimportantindecidingwhattopurchase.

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Blooms:Remember
Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0604Describetherolethathouseholdsplayinchildsocialization
Topic:TheContentofConsumerSocialization

83.

ScottandhisfamilyhavealwayspurchasedHondaautomobilesbecausetheyfeelthattheyarethebest
qualitycarsonthemarket.Thisattitudeisanexampleofa(n)_____.

A.
copingmechanism
consumptionrelatedpreference
B.
C.
consumptionrelatedbias
D.
economicskill
E.
mediation
Informationaboutaproduct'sprestigeisnotnecessarytocarryouttheactualpurchase,butitis
extremelyimportantindecidingwhattopurchase.

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Blooms:Understand
Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0604Describetherolethathouseholdsplayinchildsocialization
Topic:TheContentofConsumerSocialization

84.

Thecognitiveandaffectiveorientationstowardmarketplacestimulisuchasadvertisements,
salespeople,warranties,andsofortharereferredtoas_____.

A.
consumerskills
B.
consumptionrelatedpreferences
consumptionrelatedattitudes
C.
D.
instrumentalattitudes
E.
mediationpreferences
Theseattitudeswillinfluencehowpeoplereacttothevariousactivitiesundertakenbymarketers.

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Topic:TheContentofConsumerSocialization

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85.

Whichofthefollowingistheprimarysourceofconsumersocialization?

A.
school
B.
advertising
C.
friends
family
D.
E.
government
Parentsteachtheirchildrenconsumerskills,consumptionrelatedpreferences,andconsumptionrelated
attitudes.

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Difficulty:1Easy
LearningObjective:0604Describetherolethathouseholdsplayinchildsocialization
Topic:TheProcessofConsumerSocialization

86.

Whichtypeoftrainingoccurswhenaparentorsiblingspecificallyanddirectlyattemptstobringabout
certainresponsesthroughreasoningorreinforcement?

A.
consumertraining
instrumentaltraining
B.
C.
modeling
D.
mediation
E.
coercion
Aparentmaytrydirectlytoteachachildwhichsnackfoodsshouldbeconsumedbyexplicitly
discussingnutrition.

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87.

_____occurswhenachildlearnsappropriate,orinappropriate,consumptionbehaviorsbyobserving
others.

A.
Consumertraining
B.
Instrumentaltraining
Modeling
C.
D.
Mediation
E.
Parroting
Modelinggenerally,butnotalways,occurswithoutdirectinstructionfromtherolemodel.

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LearningObjective:0604Describetherolethathouseholdsplayinchildsocialization
Topic:TheProcessofConsumerSocialization

88.

_____occurswhenaparentaltersachild'sinitialinterpretationof,orresponseto,amarketingorother
stimulus.

A.
Consumertraining
B.
Instrumentaltraining
C.
Modeling
Mediation
D.
E.
Reprogramming
Aparentcanalterthebeliefinanattributeandinthebelievabilityofadvertisingingeneral.

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89.

Claireis6yearsoldandbeggedhermotherforaBarbiedollthatshesawiceskatinginatelevision
commercial.Hermotherexplainedtoherthatthedollwon'tbeabletoiceskateandthatshewillhaveto
makethedollmove.ShewastryingtoexplaintoClairethatthetoyssheseesinadvertisementsare
probablygoingtolookmorefunthantheyactuallyare.Claire'smotherisexhibiting_____.

mediation
A.
B.
interpretation
C.
modeling
D.
terminaltraining
E.
interference
Aparentcanalterthebeliefinanattributeandinthebelievabilityofadvertisingingeneral.

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Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0604Describetherolethathouseholdsplayinchildsocialization
Topic:TheProcessofConsumerSocialization

90.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTastageofMcNeal'smodelofhowchildrenlearntoshop?

A.
StageI:Observing
B.
StageII:MakingRequests
C.
StageIII:MakingSelections
StageIV:MakingRecommendationstoOtherChildren
D.
E.
StageV:MakingIndependentPurchases
StageIVismakingassistedpurchases.

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LearningObjective:0604Describetherolethathouseholdsplayinchildsocialization
Topic:TheSupermarketasaClassroom

91.

Susangaveher5yearoldson$10topurchaseatoyatWalmart.Shewantedhimtolearnhowtoselect
anappropriatetoyandtopayforitwithhis"own"money,butshewouldhelphersondothis.Which
stageofMcNeal'smodelofhowchildrenlearntoshopdoesthisillustrate?

A.
StageI
B.
StageII
C.
StageIII
StageIV
D.
E.
StageV
StageIVismakingassistedpurchases.

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True / False Questions

92.

(p.187)

TheCensusBureauhasaclassificationofhouseholdsthatincludesblendedfamilies.

FALSE
StepfamilyisaCensusBureauclassificationofhouseholds.

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Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0601Explaintheconceptofhouseholdtypesandtheirinfluenceonconsumption
Topic:TypesofHouseholds

93.

Theterm"traditionalfamily"referstoamarriedcoupleandtheirownoradoptedchildrenlivingat
home.

TRUE
Theterm"traditionalfamily"istypicallyusedtorefertoamarriedoppositesexcoupleandtheirownor
adoptedchildrenlivingathome.

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Topic:TypesofHouseholds

94.

Comparedto1970,thepercentageofhouseholdsheadedbyamarriedcouplehasdecreased.

TRUE
About20percentofallhouseholdsaremarriedcoupleswithchildrenlivingathome,downfrom40
percentin1970.

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Blooms:Remember
Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0601Explaintheconceptofhouseholdtypesandtheirinfluenceonconsumption
Topic:TypesofHouseholds

95.

Onereasonthatmarketersrarelytargetmultigenerationalfamiliesisthattheyarenoteasytoidentifyor
reach.

FALSE
Marketersarefindingopportunitiesandchallengesinthisfamilytype.

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Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation
Blooms:Remember
Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0601Explaintheconceptofhouseholdtypesandtheirinfluenceonconsumption
Topic:TypesofHouseholds

96.

Familiespassthroughanorderlyprogressionofstages,eachwithitsowncharacteristics,financial
situation,andpurchasingpatterns.

TRUE
Thefamilycycleisausefultoolforsegmentingmarketsanddevelopingmarketstrategy.

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Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0602Summarizethehouseholdlifecycle'svariousstagesandmarketingimplications
Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

97.

TheSingleIstageofthehouseholdlifecycleisbasicallytheunmarriedmembersofthebabyboom
generation.

FALSE
ThesingleIstageconsistsofyoung(ages18to34)unmarriedindividuals.

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Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

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98.

Itisn'tuntiltheadditionofthesecondchildtoafamilythatmanychangesinlifestyleandconsumption
occur.

FALSE
Theadditionofthefirstchildtoafamilycreatesmanychangesinlifestyleandconsumption.

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Blooms:Remember
Difficulty:3Hard
LearningObjective:0602Summarizethehouseholdlifecycle'svariousstagesandmarketingimplications
Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

99.

Birthoradoptionbysinglesisincreasinglycommon.

TRUE
Roughly40percentofchildrenareborntounmarriedmothers,anumberthathasrisenby13percentage
pointssince1990.

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Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0602Summarizethehouseholdlifecycle'svariousstagesandmarketingimplications
Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

100.

Themiddleagedsinglecategoryisonlymadeupofpeoplewhohavenevermarriedandhavenochild
rearingresponsibilities.

FALSE
Themiddleagedsinglecategoryismadeupofpeoplewhohavenevermarriedandthosewhoare
divorcedandhavenochildrearingresponsibilities.

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Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0602Summarizethehouseholdlifecycle'svariousstagesandmarketingimplications
Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

101.

AmajordifferencebetweenthefullnestIIandthedelayedfullnestIstagesofthehouseholdlifecycle
istheageofthechildren.

TRUE
ThechildrenoffullnestIIaregenerallyoverage6andarebecomingmoreindependent.

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102.

Consumerswhoaresingleduetothedeathofaspousearelabeledassinglebycircumstance.

TRUE
Singlebycircumstanceconsumersarelessinnovative,moreriskaverse,morepricesensitive,andmore
likelytoengageincopingbehaviorssuchaswatchingTV.

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Difficulty:1Easy
LearningObjective:0602Summarizethehouseholdlifecycle'svariousstagesandmarketingimplications
Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

103.

Theinitiatoristhefamilymemberwhofirstrecognizesaneedorstartsthepurchaseprocess.

TRUE
Theinitiatoristhefamilymemberwhofirstrecognizesaneedorstartsthepurchaseprocess.

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Difficulty:1Easy
LearningObjective:0603Understandthefamilydecisionprocess
Topic:TheNatureofFamilyPurchaseRoles

104.

Impressionmanagementisaconflictresolutionapproachthatmisrepresentsthefactsinordertowin.

TRUE
Impressionmanagementisaconflictresolutionapproachthatmisrepresentsthefactsinordertowin.

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Difficulty:2Medium
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Topic:ConflictResolution

105.

Stage2ofPiaget'sstagesofcognitivedevelopmentistheperiodinwhichthechilddevelopstheability
toapplylogicalthoughtstoconcreteproblems.

FALSE
Piaget'sstage2(3to7years)ischaracterizedbythedevelopmentoflanguageandrapidconceptual
development.

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Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0604Describetherolethathouseholdsplayinchildsocialization
Topic:TheAbilityofChildrentoLearn

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106.

Instrumentaltrainingoccurswhenachildlearnsappropriate,orinappropriate,consumptionbehaviors
byobservingothers.

FALSE
Instrumentaltrainingoccurswhenaparentorsiblingspecificallyanddirectlyattemptstobringabout
certainresponsesthroughreasoningorreinforcement.

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Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0604Describetherolethathouseholdsplayinchildsocialization
Topic:TheProcessofConsumerSocialization

Essay Questions
107.

CompareandcontrasttheCensusBureau'sdefinitionsofahousehold,afamilyhousehold,anda
nonfamilyhousehold.

TheCensusBureaudefinesahouseholdasallthepeoplewhooccupyahousingunit(ahouse,
apartment,groupofrooms,orsingleroomdesignedtobeoccupiedasaseparatelivingquarters).It
definesafamilyhouseholdasonehavingatleasttwomembersrelatedbybirth,marriage,oradoption,
oneofwhomisthehouseholder(householderownsorrentstheresidence).Anonfamilyhouseholdisa
householderlivingaloneorexclusivelywithotherstowhomheorsheisnotrelated.Thus,afamily
householdandanonfamilyhouseholdarebothtypesofhouseholds,butonlyafamilyhousehold
consistsofpeoplerelatedtooneanotherinsomeway.

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking
Blooms:Understand
Difficulty:1Easy
LearningObjective:0601Explaintheconceptofhouseholdtypesandtheirinfluenceonconsumption
Topic:TypesofHouseholds

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108.

Nameandbrieflydescribethestagesofthehouseholdlifecycle(HLC)intermsofageoftheadults,
theirmaritalstatus,andtheageofchildrenathome.

Figure62summarizesthestagesofthehouseholdlifecycle:
Younger(<35)iscomprisedoffourstages:(a)singleIsingle,nochildren;(b)youngmarried
married,nochildren;(c)fullnestImarried,children<6years;and(d)singleparentIsingle,
children<6years.
Middleaged(3564)iscomprisedoffivestages:(a)singleIIsingle,nochildren;(b)delayedfullnest
Imarried,children<6years;(c)fullnestIImarried,children>6years;(d)singleparentIIsingle,
children>6years;and(e)emptynestImarried,nochildren.
Older(>64)iscomprisedoftwostages:(a)emptynestIImarried,nochildrenand(b)singleIII
single,nochildren.

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking
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Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0602Summarizethehouseholdlifecycle'svariousstagesandmarketingimplications
Topic:TheHouseholdLifeCycle

109.

Nameanddescribethesixrolesthatfrequentlyoccurinfamilydecisionmaking.

Initiator(s)thefamilymemberwhofirstrecognizesaneedorstartsthepurchaseprocess.
Informationgatherer(s)theindividualwhohasexpertiseandinterestinaparticularpurchase.
Differentindividualsmayseekinformationatdifferenttimesorondifferentaspectsofthepurchase.
Influencer(s)thepersonwhoinfluencesthealternativesevaluated,thecriteriaconsidered,andthe
finalchoice.
Decisionmaker(s)theindividualwhomakesthefinaldecision.Ofcourse,jointdecisionsalsoare
likelytooccur.
Purchaser(s)thefamilymemberwhoactuallypurchasestheproduct.Thisistypicallyanadultor
teenager.
User(s)theuseroftheproduct.Formanyproductstherearemultipleusers.

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Topic:TheNatureofFamilyPurchaseRoles

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110.

Giventhenumberofdecisionsfamiliesmakedaily,disagreementsareinevitable.Howtheyareresolved
isimportanttomarketersaswellastothehealthofthefamilyunit.Nameanddescribethesixbasic
approachesthatresearchhasrevealedthatindividualsusetoresolvepurchaseconflictsaftertheyhave
arisen.

Bargainingtryingtoreachacompromise.
Impressionmanagementmisrepresentingthefactsinordertowin.
Useofauthorityclaimingsuperiorexpertiseorroleappropriateness.
Reasoningusinglogicalargumenttowin.
Playingonemotionusingthesilenttreatmentorwithdrawingfromthediscussion.
Additionalinformationgettingadditionaldataorathirdpartyopinion.

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking
Blooms:Understand
Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0603Understandthefamilydecisionprocess
Topic:ConflictResolution

111.

Monicaisanewmotherandreadsseveralmagazinesandbookstobetterunderstandhowhersonwill
develop.OnebooksheusedexplainedPiaget'sstagesofcognitivedevelopment.Basedonthesestages,
explainwhatMonicacanexpectasherchildgrowsup.

Piaget'sstagesofcognitivedevelopmentare:
Stage1:Theperiodofsensorimotorintelligence(0to2years).Duringthisperiod,Monicacan
expectherchild'sbehaviortobeprimarilymotor.Thechilddoesnotyet"think"conceptually,though
cognitivedevelopmentisseen.
Stage2:Theperiodofpreoperationalthoughts(3to7years).Monicawillnoticeherchild
developinglanguageandrapidconceptualdevelopment.
Stage3:Theperiodofconcreteoperations(8to11years).Duringtheseyears,thechilddevelopsthe
abilitytoapplylogicalthoughttoconcreteproblems.
Stage4:Theperiodofformaloperations(12to15years).Duringthisperiod,Monicawillseeher
childreachhisgreatestlevelofdevelopment,andhebecomesabletoapplylogictoallclassesof
problems.

AACSB:AnalyticalThinking
Blooms:Understand
Difficulty:2Medium
LearningObjective:0604Describetherolethathouseholdsplayinchildsocialization
Topic:TheAbilityofChildrentoLearn

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