Nama: Faisal Zakiri

NPM : 1102012080
A10

Nyeri di Atas Tumit Sewaktu Olahraga

L.I. 1 Memahami dan menjelaskan tentang tendo Achilles
L.O. 1.1 Makro dan Kinesiologi

The Achilles tendon is a tough band of fibrous tissue that connects the calf muscles to the heel
bone (calcaneus). The Achilles tendon is also called the calcaneal tendon.
The gastrocnemius and soleus muscles (calf muscles) unite into one band of tissue, which
becomes the Achilles tendon at the low end of the calf. The Achilles tendon then inserts into the
calcaneus. Small sacs of fluid called bursae cushion the Achilles tendon at the heel.
The Achilles tendon is the largest and strongest tendon in the body. When the calf muscles flex,
the Achilles tendon pulls on the heel. This movement allows us to stand on our toes when
walking, running, or jumping. Despite its strength, the Achilles tendon is also vulnerable to
injury, due to its limited blood supply and the high tensions placed on it.

L.O. 1.2 Mikro

L.I. 2 Memahami dan Menjelaskan tentang Ruptur Tendon Achilles

L.O. 2.1 Definisi
L.O. 2.2
An Achilles tendon injury affects professional and amateur athletes alike.
The Achilles tendon is one of the longer tendons in your body, stretching from the bones of your
heel to your calf muscles. You can feel it -- a springy band of tissue at the back of your ankle and
above your heel. It allows you to extend your foot and point your toes to the floor.
Unfortunately, it's a commonly injured tendon. Many Achilles tendon injuries are caused by
tendinitis, in which the tendon becomes swollen and painful. In a severe Achilles tendon injury,
too much force on the tendon can cause it to tear partially or rupture completely.

What Can Cause Achilles Tendon Injuries?

An Achilles tendon injury might be caused by:

Overuse

Stepping up your level of physical activity too quickly

Not stretching enough before exercise

Wearing high heels, which increases the stress on the tendon

Problems with the feet. An Achilles tendon injury can result from flat feet, also known as
fallen arches or overpronation. In this condition, the impact of a step causes the arch of
your foot to collapse, stretching the muscles and tendons.

Muscles or tendons in the leg that are too tight

Achilles tendon injuries are common in people who participate in these sports:

Running

Gymnastics

Dance

Football

Baseball

Softball

Basketball

Tennis

Volleyball

You're more likely to tear an Achilles tendon when you start moving suddenly. For instance, a
sprinter might get one at the start of a race. The abrupt tensing of the muscle can be too much for
the tendon to handle. Men older than age 30 are particularly prone to Achilles tendon injuries.

What Does an Achilles Tendon Injury Feel Like?

Symptoms of an Achilles tendon injury are:

Pain along the back of your foot and above your heel, especially when stretching your
ankle or standing on your toes. In tendinitis, pain may be mild and worsen gradually. If
you rupture the tendon, pain can be abrupt and severe.

Tenderness

Swelling

Stiffness

Hearing a snapping or popping noise during the injury

Difficulty flexing your foot or pointing your toes (in complete tears of the tendon)

To diagnose an Achilles tendon injury, your health care provider will give you a thorough
physical exam. He or she may want to see you walk or run to look for problems that might have
contributed to your Achilles tendon injury.

What's the Treatment for an Achilles Tendon Injury?

As debilitating as they can be, the good news is that minor to moderate Achilles tendon injuries
should heal on their own. You just need to give them time.
To speed the healing, you can:

Rest your leg. Avoid putting weight on your leg as best you can. You may need crutches.

Ice your leg. To reduce pain and swelling, ice your injury for 20 to 30 minutes, every
three to four hours for two to three days, or until the pain is gone.

Compress your leg. Use an elastic bandage around the lower leg and ankle to keep down
swelling.

Elevate your leg. Prop you leg up on a pillow when you're sitting or lying down.

Take anti-inflammatory painkillers. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs),

like Advil, Aleve, or Motrin, will help with pain and swelling. However, these drugs have
side effects, such as an increased risk of bleeding and ulcers. They should be used only
occasionally unless your health care provider says otherwise and should be taken with
food.

Use a heel lift. Your health care provider may recommend that you wear an insert in your
shoe while you recover. It will protect your Achilles tendon from further stretching.

Practice stretching and strengthening exercises as recommended by your health care

provider.

Usually, these techniques will do the trick. But in severe cases of Achilles tendon injury, you may
need a cast for six to 10 weeks, or even surgery to repair the tendon or remove excess tissue.

When Will I Feel Better?

Of course, what you really want to know is when you can get back in the game. Recovery time
may take months, but it really depends on how serious your Achilles tendon injury is. Different
conditions heal at different rates.
You can still be active while your injury heals. Try a new activity that won't aggravate your
Achilles tendon such as swimming.
Don't rush things. Do not try to return to your old level of physical activity until:

You can move your leg as easily and freely as your uninjured leg.

Your leg feels as strong as your uninjured leg.

You feel no pain in your leg when you walk, jog, sprint, or jump.

If you start pushing yourself before your Achilles tendon injury is fully healed, you could wind
up with permanent pain and disability.

How Can I Prevent an Achilles Tendon Injury?

There are things you can do to prevent an Achilles tendon injury. You should:

Always stretch your leg muscles and Achilles tendons before and after exercise -- more
often if your muscles and tendons are tight.

Cut down on uphill running.

Wear shoes with good support that fit well.

Always increase the intensity of your physical activity slowly.

Stop exercising if you feel pain or tightness in the back of your calf or heel