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Sandeep Challa
Graduate Student Chemical Engineering
Given a Non-Isothermal System of emulsion polymerization
Both Temperature and Concentration have a non-uniform distribution
Given:
Initial monomer concentration of [M 0 ] (moles/li).
Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient = h
Fluid Side Mass Transfer Coefficient = k f
Distribution Coefficient = k D
The rate of the reaction is defined as
r M =( k 0 + k 1 [ M ] )
1. Derive the mass balance equation in dimensionless quantities.
Since the system is spherical and the reaction is dependent on r Radius (in
the direction of r)
Since the
State
[ ( )]
d xM
1 d 2 d xM
=v D AB 2
r
+r M
dt
dr
r dr
( )
[ (
)]
d[ M ]
1 d 2 d[M ]
=D AB 2
r
+ rM
dt
dr
r dr
Distribution Coefficient is defined as ratio of particle monomer concentration
at reactive interface to fluid interface monomer concentration.
k D=
[ M ]s
[ M ]s
[M ] =
kD
[M]
Mass Transfer rate can be defined as product of mass transfer coefficient and
concentration difference at reactive surface to fluid interface
D AB
d [M ]
=k f ( [ M ]f [ M ] )
dr
D AB
[ M ]s
d [M ]
=k f [ M ] f
dr
kD
[M ]
[ M ] = [ M ] 0d [ M ] =[ M ]0 d
[ M ]0
T
T = T b dT =T b d
Tb
r
( Dimensionless radius ) r=r 0
r0
Dimensionless Time =
t
V
F
( )
)]
[M]
[ M ]0 1 d =D AB 21 2 d r 20 2 0 d k 0k 1 [ M ] 0
r 0 d
( k 1 )0 d
r 0 r 0 d
Ea
RT
k 1= ( k 1 )0 e k 0=( k 0 )0 e
=
Ea
E 1
a =
RT 0 R T 0
Ea
RT
[ M ]0 F d =D AB
V d
)]
V ( k 1 )0 e
d D AB d 2 d
= 2 2
d r 0 d
d
F
[ ( )]
[ ( )] [
( k 0 )0
+
( k 1 )0
( k 0) 0
d D AB d 2 d
= 2 2
Da
+
d r 0 d
d
( k 1) 0
V ( k 1 )0 e
D a=
Damkohler Number
F
Energy Balance:
V C p
dT
dt
( k 0 )0
1
d
2 2 [ M ] 0 d
[
M
]
k
e
0 ( 1 )0
0
2 2
r
d
r
d
r0 0
( k 1 )0
0
[ ( )]
[ ( )]
[ ( )]
Cp
dT
1 d 2 dT
=k 2
r
+ S ( Heat Source)
dt
dr
r dr
Cp
dT
1 d 2 dT
=k 2
r
+ HRrM
dt
dr
r dr
HR
dT
1 d 2 dT
= 2
r
+
(k + k [ M ] )
dt
dr
Cp 0 1
r dr
Inserting Dimensionless numbers into above equation
(k1 )0 T 0
)]
HR
d
1
d
d
= 2 2
r 20 2 T 0
+
(k + k [ M ]0 )
d
r 0 d
Cp 0 1
r 0 r 0 d
d
( k 1 ) 0 T 0 d =
[ ( )]
HR
d 2 d
+
( k +k [ M ] 0 )
d
Cp 0 1
r d
2 2
0
Initial Conditions:
At t=0,T =T b implies =0, ( l )=1
At t=0, [ M ] =[ M ]0 implies =0, =1
Boundary Conditions:
At r=0, T =T b implies =0,=1
At r=0,
dM
d
=0implies =0, =0
dt
d
At r=r 0 ,
dT
d
=0, =1, =0
dr
d
At r=r 0 , =1
d [ M ]r 0
[ M ]s
=k f [ M ] f
dt
kD
dT
=h ( T bT ) whereT b=bulk fluid temperature
dr