Garcia, Prancis Adrianne T.

AB-3L

Table 8b.1 Primary processing of plantation and agronomic crops

Crop

Maturity
indices

Steps in primary
processing

Tool(s)
machine(s),
resource(s)
needed

Product(s)
of primary
processing

Byproduct(s)

months 1. Hauling,
strippin Abaca fiber
Detoppi 12-18Tumblin
Tumbli
n 2. Detopping
Tumbling
* Topping knife
Tuxying * Bolo
Hagotan Bali
Balingn g
Filing
ng
g 3.4. Hauling,
filing
g
Tuxying
* tuxy knife

Abaca

5. Stripping
6. Hagotan
7. Baling

Cacao

170 days

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Harvesting
Pod Breaking
Seed Collection
Fermenting
Washing
Drying

Coconu
t

9-12 months

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Harvesting
Nut collection
Dehusking
Nut splitting
Drying
Shelling

Coffee

When berries
turn red in
color

Wet Method
1. Harvesting
(Priming)
2. Depulping
3. Fermenting
4. Washing
5. Drying

Drying

* tuxy ribbon
* benito knife

*
*
*
*
*
*

Lawis
Collecting pole
dehusker/tapasan
bolo
copra dryer
sheller

Remarks

Dried cacao
beans

Composting
materials

Copra

Bunot,
Cadangcadang,
decorations

Wet method:
parchment
coffee

Hull,
composting
materials

Transpor
t to

warehous
e

Sorting

(accordin
(accordin
g to
quality)
quality)

Garcia, Prancis Adrianne T.

AB-3L
ACTIVITY FLOW DIAGRAM OF PROCESSES OF PLANTATION AND AGRONOMIC CROPS
1. Abaca

primary
product:
abaca
fiber

Pod
Seed
Harvesti
Harvestinn breakin Collectio Fermenti
Fermentinn Washin
g
g
g
n
g
2. Cacao

Drying
primary
product:
dried
cacao
beans

Roastin Crushin WiWinnnowi

nowinn Grin din Mold in g
g
g
g
g
primary
product:
tableya

primary
product:
roasted
cacao
beans

3. Coconut

Harvestin
g

Nut
Collectio
n

Dehuskin
g

Nut
splitting

Drying

Shelling

Garcia, Prancis Adrianne T.

AB-3L
4. Coffee

Harvestin
g

Fermentin
g

Depulping

Washing

WETBED METHOD

Drying

DRY BED METHOD

Harvestin
g

Dehulling

Stripping

Winnowin
g
product:
green
coffee
beans

Roasting
*Cinnamo
n
*French
*Italian

5. Rubber

Ta p p in g
Tapping
6. Corn

Harvesti
ng

Drying

Shelling

Blowing
or
Cleaning

Drying
primary
product:
kernel

7. Rice

Harvestin
g

Dressing

Drying

Threshin
g

Dying

Seed
Treatmen
t

Grinding
product:
ground
coffee

Garcia, Prancis Adrianne T.

AB-3L
Crop

Maturity
indices

Steps in primary
processing

Tool(s)
machine(s),
resource(s)
needed

Dry Method
1. Harvesting
2. Stripping
3. Drying

Product(s)
of primary
processing

Byproduct(s)

Dry method:
dried coffee
beans

Rubber

5-7 yrs

Tapping

* Tapping knife,
hanger
* spout
* cup

Latex

Sole, slippers

Corn

Yellow : 100105 days

Green: 62-66
or 60 days
(early
maturing)

* Mechanical
sheller
* powdered
insecticides

Kernel

Rice

100-150 days

1. Harvesting
2. Drying
3. Shelling
4. Blowing or
Cleaning
5. Drying
6. Seed treatment
1. Harvesting
2. Dressing
3. Drying
4. Threshing
5. Drying

* Scythe

Palay

Corn cobs,
corn husk,
firewood,
decors as
angels and
flowers in
Christmas
trees
Rice straw,
composting,
animal feed,
rice hull

Remarks