TOWER CRANE FOUNDATION DESIGN

Structural Design Report

Prepared by Edifice Consultants Pvt.Ltd

Tower Crane Foundation Design

1.0.0

GENERAL

1.1.0

Scope

This report is prepared to highlight the design calculations for a Tower Crane Foundation.
1.2.0

Brief Structural Description

The dimensions of the Foundation is 6000mmx6000mmx1500mm. The geometric centre of Tower

Crane is placed at a eccentricity of 1350mm to the geometric centre of the foundation.
(Refer to Annex 1).
2.0.0

DESIGN DATA

2.1.0

Material Properties

2.1.1

Soil

Bearing capacity of soil is 150 kN/m2

Friction angle is 30
2.1.2

Concrete

Density of the Concrete is 24kN/m3

2
Characteristic strength of concrete for columns, beams and slabs is fcu = 25N/mm
2.1.3

Reinforcement Steel

Characteristic strength of reinforcement steel is (Deform bars Type 2) fy = 460N/mm2

2.2.0

Loads

The Foundation reactions (Working loads) given by the ICC are as follows.
Moment (M)

= 1598.5 kNm

Axial Force (P)

= 774.4 kN

Horizontal Reaction (H)

=25.2 kN

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Tower Crane Foundation Design

3.0.0

STANDARDS REFERRED

3.1.0

Design codes of practices

Structural use of concrete

BS 8110-Part I: 1997

Structural use of concrete

BS 8110-Part 2: 1985

3.2.0

Manuals and Hand books

Structural Foundation Designer's Manual by W.G Curtin, G.Shaw, G.I Parkinson & J.M Golding.

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Tower Crane Foundation Design

4.0.0

SLS Checks

4.1.0

Checks for bearing

The bearing capacity of the soil is = 150 kN/m2

Base size

= 6mx6mx1.5m

Weight of the base

= 6 6 1.5 24 = 1296kN

Axial Force-P (from the Tower)

= 774.4kN

Eccentricity of to the Axial Force- e

p

= 1.350m

Moment -M (from the Tower)

= 1598.5kNm

Horizontal Reaction-H (from the Tower)

= 25.2kN

Hence total axial load on the footing at SLS

= 774.4 + 1296 = 2070.4kN

Hence total Moment on the footing at SLS

= 1598.5 + 774.4 1.350 + 25.2 1.5 = 2681.74kN

Maximum pressure beneath the footing can be evaluated as below.

max =

P
A

6M 2070.4 6 2681.74
=
+
= 57.51 + 74.49 = 132kN/m2 < 150kN/m2
3
2
3
B
6
6

Minimum pressure beneath the footing can be evaluated as below.

max =

P
A

6M 2070.4 6 2643.94
=

= 57.51 74.49 = -16.98kN/m2 < 0kN/m2

3
2
3
B
6
6

Hence Tensile Stress develops beneath the footing.

Hence Pressure distribution beneath the footing needs to be readjusted .
Assume the Length of the Foundation under compression is Lb

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Tower Crane Foundation Design

Figure 4.1 : Extract from Structural Foundation Designer's Manual

As per Figure 4.1,

Pe + M + Hh
774.4 1.350 + 1598.5 + 25.2 1.5
p
et =
=
= 1.30m
T
2070.4

Lb = 3

L e = 3 6 1.3 = 5.1m
2 T
2

Hence maximum pressure beneath the footing is,

max

2T 2 2070.4
=
= 135.32kN/m2 < 150kNm

BL
6 5.1
b

Hence Bearing Capacity is Ok.

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Tower Crane Foundation Design

4.2.0

Checks for sliding

Weight of the base

= 6 6 1.5 24 = 1296kN

Axial Force-P (from the Tower)

= 774.4kN

Hence total axial load on the footing at SLS

= 774.4 + 1296 = 2070.4kN

Resisting force to the sliding

= 2070.4 tan30 = 1195.3kN

Horizontal Reaction-H (from the Tower)

= 25.2kN

FOS against sliding

1195.3
= 47.4 > 2.5
25.2

Hence FOS against sliding is adequate.

4.3.0

Checks against overturning

Resisting moment

6
= 1296 + 774.4 4.35 = 7256.64kNm
2

Overturning moment

= 1598.5 + 25.2 1.5 = 1636.3kNm

FOS against overturning

7256.64
= 4.43 > 2.5
1636.3

Hence Foundation is safe against overturning.

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Tower Crane Foundation Design

5.0.0

Ultimate Limit State Design

Assume a F.O.S of 1.5 at Ultimate Limit Stare.

5.1.0

Checks for the Bending

The maximum bending moment at tower face can be found as follows.

The Ultimate Pressure at the tower face

= 1.5

135.32 2.475 = 98.50kN/m2

5.1

1
2.475
M = 98.50 2.475
= 100.56kNm/m
2
3
(Please note that the moment is calculated for a 1m width strip of the footing)
T16 bars to be used as reinforcement.
Cover to reinforcement is 50mm.

d = 1500 50 16

16
2

= 1426mm

Consider a Unit Width of the footing

(Clause 3.4.4.4 of BS 8110-1:1997)

k=

M
f bd2
cu

100.56 106
25 1000 14262

0.9

0.002

0.9

z = d0.5 + 0.25

z = d0.5 + 0.25

= 0.002 < 0.156,Hence compressio n r/f not required.

= 0.99d > 0.95d

z = 0.95d

As =

M
0.95fy z

100.56 106
0.95 460 0.95 1426

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= 170mm2 /m

Page 6

Tower Crane Foundation Design

Checks for the minimum amount of reinforcement (As per Table 3.25 of BS 8110-1:1997)
A
100 s = 0.13
A
c

A s,min =

0.13 1000 1500

100

= 1950mm2

Provide T16 @ 100 mm C/C Both Ways.

A s ,provided = 2010mm2 /m
A s ,provided = 2010mm2 /m Hence the requirement for the minimum reinforcement is satisfactory.
,

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Page 7

Tower Crane Foundation Design

6.0.0

Checks for shear

6.1.0

Maximum shear stress at Tower face

The Maximum Shear Force at Tower Face,

1
V = 98.50 2.475 = 121.90kN
2

Hence shear stress at column face,

v=

121.90 103
= 0.09N/mm2
1000 1426

Maximum possible shear

0.8 fcu or 5N/mm2 which is lesser

Hence v

max

= 0.8 fcu = 0.8 25 = 4N/mm2

Hence Maximum Shear is OK.

6.2.0

Shear at 1.0 d from the face of the Tower

Design concrete shear strength

100As
bd

100 2010
(1000 1426)

= 0.14 < 3

400 4 = 400 4 < 1

d
1426
Hence design concrete shear strength is,
1

vc

100As 3 400 4 1
= 0.79


m
d
bd
1
1
= 0.79 (0.14 ) 3 1
1.25

= 0.33N/mm2 > 0.09N/mm2

Hence shear at 1.0 d is OK.

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Tower Crane Foundation Design

6.3.0

Punching Shear Check

Tower Crane Consists of 4 Tower Legs and each Leg is connected to the Foundation through a Base
Plate and Anchor Bolts.
Assume the dimensions of the Base Plate is 350mmx350mm.
Assume the Tower Moment (1598.5 kNm) is applying from a Diagonal Direction.
Hence Maximum Compression force on a Tower Leg due to Moment (diagonal direction) is
N
=
moment

1598.5
= 580kN
2
2
1.95 + 1.95

Assume Tower Axial Force (774.4 kN) is equally carried by the 4 Tower Legs.
Hence Axial Force per Leg,
N
=
axial

774.4
4

= 193.6kN

Hence Maximum Tower Leg Reaction is,

N
= 580 + 193.6 = 773.6kN
Leg, max

Hence Punching Shear Stress is,

v=

773.6 103
4 350 1426

= 0.39N/mm2 < 4N/mm2

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E-A

E-B

E-D

E-E

E-F

E-G

E-H

E-J

E-K

E-L

178 2

26800

55212
1600

3800

2400

3600

1800

2800

3000

4200

BOUND

ARY

3617

E-1

2084

4996

400

6200

E-3

300
2000

2200

E-5

E-7

E-9

900

6000

300
3800

BLOCK E

E-13

40600

E-11

E-15

Md

HA

m=1855

3000

E-19

3000
1349 975

E-18

676

E-17

E-21

6000
E-23

F-1

LEGEND
EDGE OF PHASE II- CAR PARK

2000

END OF EXCAVATION LINE

SHEET PILE LINE

3000
LEVEL 1 BUILDING LINE

6000

676

3000

LEVEL 2 BUILDING CANOPY

B
3000

3000

4349
6000

1651

1950
3000
1349 975

TEMPORARY SHEET
PILE LINE

676

LEVEL 3 BUILDING LINE

3000

BOUND

ARY

E-25

6000

975 1349
3000
6000