AGNI COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTEMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CE6451 FLUID MECHANICS AND MACHINERY
RAPID TEACHING LEARNING 2016
PART B IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
UNIT 1 FLUID PROPERTIES AND FLOW CHARACTERISTICS
1. If the velocity distribution of a fluid flow over a flat plate is given by u = ay 2 + by
+ c with the vertex 0.2m from the plate, where the velocity is 1.2m/s. Calculate
the velocity gradients and shear stresses at a distance of 0m, 0.1m and 0.2m from
the plate, if the viscosity of the plate is 0.85 Ns/m2. (A/M 2015)
2. A pipe 200mm long slopes down at 1 in 100 and tapers from 600 mm diameter at
the higher end to 300mm at the lower end and carries 100liters/sec. of oil having
specific gravity 0.8. If the pressure gauge at the higher end reads 60kN/m 2,
determine the velocities at the two ends and also the pressure at the lower end.
Neglect all losses. (A/M 2015)
3. With basic assumptions derive the Bernoullis Equation from the Eulers
Equation. (N/D 2015)
4. A) The water is flowing through a pipe having diameters 30 cm and 20 cm at
section 1 and 2 respectively. The rate of flow through pipe is 35 liters/s. The
section 1 is 8 m above the datum and the section 2 is 6 m above the datum. If the
pressure at section 1 is 44.5 N/cm 2, find the intensity of pressure at section 2.
(N/D 2015)
B) Calculate the dynamic viscosity of the oil which is used for lubrication
between a square plate of size 0.8m X 0.8m and an inclined plane with angle of
inclination 30. The weight of the square plate is 330N and it slides down the
inclined plane with a uniform velocity of 0.3m/s. The thickness of the oil film is
1.5mm. (N/D 2015)
5. A) Water flow at the rate of 200liters/sec upwards through a tapered vertical pipe.
The diameter at the bottom is 240mm and at the top 200mm and the length is 5m.
The pressure at the bottom is 8 bar, and the pressure at the top side is 7.3bar.

Determine the head loss through the pipe. Express it as a function of exit velocity
head. (N/D 2014).
B) Determine the viscous drag torque and the power absorbed on one surface of a
collar bearing of 0.2m ID and 0.3m OD with an oil film thickness of 1mm and a
viscosity of 30 centi poise if it rotates at 500rpm. (N/D 2014)
6. A) The water level in a tank is 20m above the ground. A hose is connected to the
bottom of the tank, and the nozzle at the end of the hose is pointed straight up.
The tank is at sea level and the water surface is open to the atmosphere. In the line
leading from the tank to the nozzle is a pump, which increases the pressure of
water. If the water jet rises to a height of 27m from the ground, determine the
minimum pressure rise supplied by the pump to the water line. (N/D 2014)
B) A hollow cylinder of 150mm OD with its weight equal to the buoyant forces to
be kept floating vertically in a liquid with a surface tension of 0.45 N/m 2. The
contact angle is 60. Determine the additional force required due to surface
tension. (N/D 2014)
7. A drainage pipe is tapered in a section running with full water. The pipe diameters
at the inlet and exit are 1000mm and 500mm respectively. The water surface is 2m
above the center of the inlet and exit is 3m above the free surface of the water. The
pressure at the exit is 250mm of Hg vaccum. The friction loss between the inlet
and exit of the pipe is 1/10 of the velocity head at the exit. Determine the
discharge through the pipe.
UNIT 2 FLOW THROUGH CIRCULAR CONDUITS
1. Derive the expression for shear stress and velocity distribution for the flow
through circular pipe and using that derive the Hagen Poiseuille formula. (N/D
2015).
2. Three pipes of 400 mm, 200 mm and 300 mm diameters have lengths of 400 m,
200 m, and 300 m respectively. They are connected in series to make a compound
pipe. The ends of the compound pipe are connected with two tanks whose
difference of water levels is 16 m. If the coefficient of friction for these pipes is
same and equal to 0.005, determine the discharge through the compound pipe
neglecting first the minor losses and then include them. (N/D 2015).
3. Oil flows through a pipe 150 mm diameter and 650 mm length with a velocity of
0.5 m/s. It the kinematic viscosity of oil is 18.7 x 10 -4 m2/s, find the power lost in
overcoming friction. Take the specific gravity of oil as 0.9. (A/M 2014)

4. A pipe line of 0.6 m diameter is 1.5 km long. To increase the discharge, another
line of the same diameter is introduced parallel to the first in the second half of the
length. Neglecting minor losses, find the increase in discharge if Darcys friction
factor is 0.04. The head at the inlet is 300mm. (A/M 2014).
5. A) An oil of specific gravity 0.80 and kinematic viscosity 15 x 10-6 m2/s flows in a
smooth pipe of 12 cm diameter at a rate of 150 lit/min. Determine whether the
flow is laminar or turbulent. Also, calculate the velocity at the center line and the
velocity at a radius of 4 cm. What is head loss for a length of 10? What will be the
entry length? Also determine the wall shear. (N/D 2014).
B) Describe the Moodys chart. (N/D 2014).
6. Oil at 27C( = 900 kg/m3 and = 40 centi poise) is flowing steadily in a 1.25 cm
diameter, 40 m long pipe. During the flow, the pressure at the pipe inlet and exit is
measured to be 8.25 bar and 0.97 bar, respectively. Determine the flow rate of oil
through the pipe assuming the pipe is (i) horizontal (ii) inclined 20 upward, and
(iii) inclined 20 downward. (N/D 2014).
7. A) Consider turbulent flow (f = 0.184 Re-0.2) of a fluid through a square channel
with smooth surfaces. Now the mean velocity of the fluid is doubled. Determine
the change in head loss of the fluid. Assume the flow region remains unchanged.
What will be the head loss for fully turbulent flow in a rough pipe? (N/D 2013)
B) Discuss the various losses in pipe flows. (N/D 2013)
UNIT 3 DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
1. Using Buckinghams method of dimensional analysis obtain an expression for
the drag force R on a partially submerged body moving with a relative velocity
V in a fluid: the other variables being the linear dimension L, height of surface
roughness K, fluid density and the gravitational acceleration g. (A/M - 2015)
Answer: Refer Dr.R.K. Bansal Book page no: 564. Edition: 2012.
2. The efficiency of a fan depends on the density the dynamic viscosity of the
fluid, the angular velocity , the diameter D of the rotor and the discharge Q.
Express in terms of dimensionless parameters. Use Rayleighs method. (A/M 2015)
Answer: Refer Dr.R.K. Bansal Book page no: 563. Edition: 2012.
3. Using Buckinghams theorem, show that the velocity through a circular orifice
is given by

V = 2 gH

D
,
H VH

. Where H=Head causing flow, D=Diameter

of the orifice, =Co-efficient of viscosity, =Mass density & g=Acc. due

gravity. (N/D - 2015)
Answer: Refer Dr.R.K. Bansal Book page no: 569. Edition: 2012.
4. (i) Explain similitude with types of similarities. (N/D - 2015)
Answer: Refer Dr.R.K. Bansal Book page no: 579. Edition: 2012.
5. (ii) The ratio of lengths of a submarine and its model is 30:1. The speed of the
prototype is 10 m/s. The model is to be tested in a wind tunnel. Find the speed of
air in the wind tunnel. Also determine the ratio of drag between the model and
prototype. Take values of kinematic viscosities of sea water and air as 0.012
stokes and 0.016 stokes respectively. The density of sea water and air is given as
1030 kg/m3 and 1.24 kg/m3 respectively. (N/D - 2015)
Answer: Refer Dr.R.K. Bansal Book page no: 585. Edition: 2012.
6. The power developed by hydraulic machines is found to depend on the head H,
flow rate Q, density , speed N, runner diameter D and acceleration due to
gravity g. Obtain suitable dimensionless parameters to correlate experimental
results. (N/D 2014)
7. Obtain a relation using dimensional analysis, for the resistance to uniform
motion of a partially submerged body in a viscous compressible fluid. (N/D
2014)