World History 1500-Present Final Exam Study Guide

Chapter 1 Renaissance and Reformation

The period of European History known as the Renaissance covers the time from
A. 1100 to 1400
B. 1300 to 1600
C. 1200 to 1500
D. 1400 to 1700
The Mona Lisa and The Last Supper were painted by
A. Raphael
B. Michelangelo
C. Donatello
D. Leonardo da Vinci
The best synonym for secular is
A. Traditional
B. Reverence
C. Worldly
D. Religious
Martin Luthers 95 Theses were mainly an attack on the churchs
A. Attitudes toward the poor
B. Not offering services in local languages
C. Selling of indulgences
D. Insistence that good works help secure salvation
In which of the following regions did the Renaissance begin?
A. France
B. Italy
C. England
D. Germany
Who started the Protestant Reformation?
A. John Calvin
B. Martin Luther
C. Charles V
D. John Knox
Which is not one of the three most important effects of the printing press?
A. It helped raise the literacy rate
B. Helped start the Reformation
C. Made books more affordable
D. Books could be made in Greek and Latin
The main reason behind Englands split from the Roman Catholic Church was Henry VIIIs
A. Religious beliefs
B. Treatment of Catherine of Aragon
C. Desire for a male heir
D. Unwillingness to pay church taxes
The term renaissance means
A. Rebirth
B. Awakening
C. Rebuilding
D. Later period
Which of the following did Martin Luther not believe?
A. The selling of indulgences was wrong
B. Church teachings should be based on the Bible
C. You achieve salvation by faith and works
D. All people of faith were created equal
Chapter 3 Europeans Explore the East
Chinas Confucian beliefs and economic policies favored the growth of ________________.
A. trade
B. exploration
C. agriculture
D. manufacturing
The European leader in developing and applying 15th- century sailing innovations was _________.
A. Italy
B. Portugal
C. Spain
D. the Netherlands
The purpose of the Treaty of Tordesillas, signed by Spain and Portugal, was to ______________.
A. divide up the trade routes in the East
B. decrease conflict over the claiming of new lands
C. promote technology sharing
D. create an alliance
What allowed Portugal to be the leader in exploration?
A. Support from the wealthy
B. Support from the government
C. Smartest navigators
D. Closest to the East
The following person led seven voyages of exploration for China under Yonglo.
A. Kangxi
B. Hongwu
C. Manchu
D. Zheng He
What was the major factor that led to Japans Closed Door Policy?
A. There was too much emphasis on trade
B. There was not enough emphasis on trade
C. Christianity started to lead to problems
D. Tobacco was becoming a major heath concern
What was the main reason prices were so high on trade goods from the East?
A. The goods were scarce
B. They had to get goods through a middleman
C. They were in high demand
D. There was no were else to get these goods
In order to unify Japan, Tokugawa had to gain control of the
A. Shogun
B. Daimyo
C. Peasant population
D. Trade with Europeans

During the warring states period, who was in control of Japan?

A. Daimyo
B. Samurai
C. Emperor
Which of the following was NOT a native crop of China?
A. Rice
B. Corn
C. Sugarcane

D. Peasants
D. Cotton

Chapter 4 The Atlantic World

Which country grew sugarcane in Brazil?
A. Spain
B. Portugal
C. New England
D. the Netherlands
The French and Indian War was a battle for land between
A. French and Indians
B. French and English
C. French and Dutch
D. French and Spanish
Which of the following was not a result of the African slave trade?
A. African culture was brought to the Americas
B. Families were torn apart
C. Population stayed the same
D. Mixed races
Which of the following was not a reason that allowed Cortes to conquer the Aztecs?
A. The Spanish had superior weapons.
B. The Spanish had allies among the Aztec people.
C. The Spanish outnumbered the Aztecs.
D. The Spanish brought diseases that the Aztecs couldnt fight off.
All of the following areas were an essential part of the triangular trade network except
A. China
B. Africa
C. The West Indies
D. Europe
Who purchased the largest number of African slaves?
A. Spain
B. Portugal
C. New England
D. Netherlands
The Columbian Exchange centered in the
A. Atlantic Ocean
B. Caribbean Sea
C. Indian Ocean
D. Gulf of Mexico
Which of the following was not one of the three main crops exported from the Americas?
A. Potatoes
B. Corn
C. Sugar
D. Rice
Mestizos are the descendants of
A. French and Spanish
B. English and Indian
C. Spanish and Indian
D. English and African
________________ were Spanish born settlers who lived in New Spain.
A. Mestizos
B. Peninsulares
C. Monacians
D. Creoles
Chapter 5 Absolute Monarchies in Europe
The belief in divine right was used to support the concept of
A. absolute rule
B. freedom of religion
C. separation of church and state
D. waging war against other countries
Which ruler started the Seven Years War?
A. Charles VI
B. Frederick II
C. Maria Theresa
D. Oliver Cromwell
Which of the following did the restoration restore to power in England?
A. Parliament
B. the Catholics
C. the monarchy
D. the king who had been overthrown in the civil war
By the end of the 1600s, Englands system of government had become _________.
A. an absolute monarchy
B. a military dictatorship
C. a constitutional monarchy
D. a constitutional democracy
The site for St. Petersburg was chosen because it was near
A. Moscow
B. Peters favorite place
C. water routes to Europe
D. major roadways to Europe
Which of the following did the Glorious Revolution bring to Englands throne?
A. Puritans
B. Huguenots
C. Catholics
D. Protestants

Under Maria Theresa, Austrias greatest enemy was

A. Prussia
B. Bohemia
C. Hungary
D. Ottoman Empire
Peter the Great was the first Russian ruler to make efforts to __________.
A. westernize Russia
B. reduce the power of the nobles
C. add territory to the Russian state
D. organize and utilize a secret police force
Which of the following wars was sparked by religious differences, strengthened France, weakened Spain and
Austria, and started the peaceful negotiation process after wars?
A. The Seven Years War
B. The Thirty Years War
C. The War of Spanish Succession
D. The War of the Austrian Succession
The Edict of Nantes was a declaration of __________.
A. war
B. independence
C. peace
D. religious toleration
Chapter 6 The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment
If the universe is geocentric, this means that
A. the Earth is the center of the universe
B. the sun is the center of the universe
C. all planets are the same distance from the sun
D. the universe is made of four elements
Which of the following is not one of the 4 natural elements of Aristotles theory of motion?
A. Earth
B. Air
C. Metal
D. Water
All of the following contributed to the Scientific Revolution except
A. Renaissance
B. Enlightenment
C. Reformation
D. Exploration
According to Wollstonecraft, what is the solution to womens inequality?
A. voting rights
B. education
C. economics
D. religion
Newtons theory of gravity is a single theory of
A. Motion
B. Chemistry
C. Physics
D. Energy
According to John Locke, who has the right to overthrow a failed government?
A. the people
B. elected representatives
C. the Church
D. nobles
All of the following are legacies of the Scientific Revolution except
A. Better scientific instruments
B. Colonization
C. Particle physics/chemistry
D. Scientific principles applied to humans/societies
Social scientists primarily study
A. genetics
B. human behavior
C. the human brain
D. astronomy
Galileo used a ____________________ to prove a heliocentric theory of the universe.
A. gyroscope
B. sextant
C. astrolabe
D. telescope
What does philosophe mean?
A. Capitalism
B. French Protestants
C. Philosopher
D. Enlightenment
Chapter 7 The French Revolution and Napoleon
What was the slogan of the French revolution?
A. liberty, equality, and fraternity
B. liberty, equality, and freedom of speech
C. liberty, equality, and property
D. liberty, fraternity, and religious tolerance
All of the following were goals of the Congress of Vienna except
A. Prevention of future French aggression
B. Restoring Europes royal families to their thrones
C. Restoring a balance of power to Europe
D. None of the above
What estate did the Catholic Clergy belong to?
A. 1st estate
B. 3rd estate
C. 2nd estate
D. 4th estate
After Napoleon was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo, he was exiled permanently to
A. St. Helena
B. Corsica
C. Elba
D. Genoa
97% of the French population belonged to the
A. 1st estate
B. 3rd estate
C. 2nd estate
D. 4th estate

What was the first place Napoleon was exiled to?

A. St. Helena
B. Corsica
C. Elba
D. Genoa
What did Napoleon discover when he finally reached Moscow during his invasion of Russia?
A. the Russians had surrounded the city
B. the Russians turned the city over to Napoleon
C. the Russians set the city on fire
D. none of the above
The person MOST responsible for the accomplishments of the Congress of Vienna was ________________.
A. Czar Alexander I of Russia
B. King Frederick William III of Prussia
C. Emperor Francis I of Austria
D. Prince Klemens von Metternich of Austria
Which group wore trousers or long pants and was the most radical group in France?
A. migrs
B. Sans-culottes
C. Jacobin Club
D. Royalists
Choose the correct order of events.
A. Estates General Meeting, Tennis Court Oath, National Assembly
B. Tennis Court Oath, National Assembly, Estates General Meeting
C. Tennis Court Oath, Estates General Meeting, National Assembly
D. National Assembly, Estates General Meeting, Tennis Court Oath
Chapter 8 Nationalist Revolutions Sweep the West
What is nationalism?
A. belief that peoples greatest loyalty should be to other people who share a common history/culture
B. a group of people who believe they share a common history and culture
C. when a nation has its own independent government and territory
D. wealthy property owners and nobility arguing for protecting monarchies
In the Latin American colonial society, the peninsulares were people
A. born in Spain
B. of European and Indian ancestry
C. of European and African ancestry
D. of Spanish ancestry born in Latin America
What is a nation?
A. belief that peoples greatest loyalty should be to other people who share a common history/culture
B. a group of people who believe they share a common history and culture
C. when a nation has its own independent government and territory
D. wealthy property owners and nobility arguing for protecting monarchies
In 1801, Padre Miguel Hidalgo led an army of 80,000 Native Americans and mestizos toward the capital of
A. Peru
B. Mexico
C. Chile
D. Venezuela
What is a nation-state?
A. belief that peoples greatest loyalty should be to other people who share a common history/culture
B. a group of people who believe they share a common history and culture
C. when a nation has its own independent government and territory
D. wealthy property owners and nobility arguing for protecting monarchies
Who led a slave revolt in Saint-Domingue and by 1801, controlled the whole island?
A. Boukman
B. Bernardo OHiggins
C. Henri Christophe
D. Toussaint LOuverture
Which of the following is a necessary component of a nation-state?
A. Religion
B. Language
C. Culture
D. Territory
Which of the following is one of the three types of nationalist movements?
A. Separatist
B. Unification
C. State-building
D. All of the above
Which of the following was the leader of the Red Shirts?
A. King William I
B. Otto von Bismarck
C. Camillo di Cavour
D. Giuseppe Garibaldi
Who originated the political style known a realpolitik?
A. King Victor Emmanuel II
B. Otto von Bismarck
C. Camillo di Cavour
D. Giuseppe Garibaldi

Chapter 9 The Industrial Revolution

Which of the following economic systems is based on private investment for the individual gain?
A. socialism
B. capitalism
C. partnership
D. utopia
Why did small farmers begin moving to cities in the late 1700s?
A. better resources
B. better living conditions
C. better housing
D. enclosure forced them off their farms
Which of the following was not one of Britains major industrialization advantages?
A. large population
B. being surrounded by water
C. size of country
D. developed banking system
Which of the following is not a factor of production needed to produce goods and services?
A. land
B. labor
C. wealth
D. political stability
Which of the following is not a positive effect of the Industrial Revolution?
A. created jobs
B. created a growing upper class
C. increased the wealth of nations D. raised the standard of living
Who wrote the book the Wealth of Nations?
A. Karl Marx
B. John Stuart Mills
C. Robert Owens
D. Adam Smith
William Wilberforce, a member of the British Parliament, is known for leading the 19th century fight to
A. establish public schools
B. limit the length of the workday
C. abolish child labor
D. abolish slavery and the slave trade
Who invented the spinning jenny?
A. Richard Arkwright
B. Edmund Cartwright
C. James Hargreaves
D. Eli Whitney
Which of the following was written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels?
A. The Wealth of Nations
B. An Essay on the Principles of Man
C. The Communist Manifesto
D. The Communist Movement
What natural resource was most widely used to power machines in the First Industrial Revolution?
A. water
B. coal
C. oil
D. petroleum
Chapter 13 World War I
The Archduke and heir to the Austrian throne assassinated by a Serbian nationalist in Bosnia was
A. Otto von Bismarck
B. Giuseppe Garibaldi
C. Franz Ferdinand
D. Wilhelm II
The main purpose of the Schlieffen Plan was to keep Germany from having to
A. defend its borders.
B. rely on naval power.
C. fight on two fronts simultaneously.
D. move its troops over great distances.
The land that stretched between the trenches during WWI was known as
A. no mans land
B. bloody river
C. a fools paradise
D. a ghost town
The armistice signed near Paris in November 1918 brought an end to
A. World War I.
B. Kaiser Wilhelms rule.
C. the Second Battle of the Marne.
D. Russias involvement in the war.
The majority of the fighting on the Western Front took place in what country?
A. Germany
B. France
C. Britain

D. Italy

In the early 1900s, what region was referred to as the powder keg of Europe?
A. The Middle East
B. Alsace-Lorraine
C. Austria-Hungary

D. The Balkan Peninsula

The Zimmerman note, which pushed the United States to enter the war, exposed Germanys plan to
A. make truce with Russia.
B. help Mexico regain U.S. territory.
C. sink passenger ships without warning.
D. plant German spies in the U.S.
Who were the two countries who signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
A. Britain and Japan
B. Russia and Germany
C. Austria and France
D. Russia and the Ottomans
In 1917, Germany returned to its policy of unrestricted submarine warfare, hoping to
A. bring the US in the war.
B. force Russia to withdraw from the war.
C. keep cargo ships from reaching Britain.
D. destroy the British blockade of German ports.
All of the following were goals of the Allies Gallipoli campaign EXCEPT
A. to gain access to Africa.
B. to topple the Ottoman Empire.
C. to secure the Dardanelles Strait.
D. to establish a supply line to Russia.
Chapter 16 World War II
Germanys strategy of launching a lightning war was referred to as a _____________.
A. Holocaust
B. Blitzkrieg
C. Luftwaffe
D. Kristallnacht
Where were atomic bombs dropped?
A. Tokyo and Osaka
B. Hiroshima and Nagasaki
C. Dresden and Berlin
D. Leyte Island and Midway
What group was tried at the Nuremberg Trials?
A. Nazis leaders
B. Communist Party Officials
C. The Luftwaffe Generals
D. War criminals from all of the Axis Powers
Which of the following was the location of a Nazi extermination camp?
A. Berlin
B. Dresden
C. Warsaw
D. Auschwitz
Who was the supreme commander of Allied forces in Europe?
A. General George Patton
B. General Bernard Montgomery
C. General Erwin Rommel
D. General Dwight D. Eisenhower
Women that worked in War production during WW II were known as ________________.
A. Betty Boop
B. Rosie the Riveter
C. Production Patty
D. Machine gun Mildred
Which of the following occurred on D-Day?
A. the Allied invasion of Milan, Italy
B. the Allied invasion of Normandy, France
C. the Allied invasion of Berlin, Germany
D. the Allied bombing of Nagasaki
Who made the decision to drop the atomic bomb on Japan?
A. Robert Oppenhimer
B. Franklin Roosevelt
C. Harry Truman
D. Albert Einstein
Which of the following brought Great Britain and France into World War II?
A. The invasion of Poland
B. The invasion of Denmark and Norway
C. The Invasion of Finland
D. The division and annexation of Poland
The Germans FIRST successfully used the blitzkrieg in an attack on __________.
A. France
B. Finland
C. Poland
D. the Soviet Union