D1 7 Kaepplein Misiek

Newapplicationsforsandwichpanels:
stabilizationandloadtransfer
Dipl.Ing.SaskiaKpplein,Dr.Ing.ThomasMisiek
22/09/2011
Applicationsofsandwichpanels
Commonapplicationofsandwichpanels
Transferoftransverseloads(wind,snow)tothesubstructure
Additionalpossibilitiestousesandwichpanels
Stabilisationofbeamsandcolumnsagainstbucklingandlateral
torsionalbuckling
Transferofhorizontal(wind)loads=stabilisationofstructuresand
buildings
Buildingswithoutsubstructure
Transferofaxialloads
Transferofhorizontalwindloadsandstabilisationofbuilding
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Overview
Torsional restraint
Diaphragm action
Axial loads
Horizontal loads and stabilisation of buildings
Introduction of tensile forces
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Stabilisationofbeamsbytorsionalrestraint
Lateraltorsionalbuckling
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Torsionalrestraint
Sandwichpanelscanrestrainrotation
IncreaseofcriticalbucklingmomentMcr
Restrainingeffectsareconsideredbysprings
RotationalspringwithstiffnessC
Stiffnessofspringsdependsonstiffnessofpanels
andconnections
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StiffnessC consistsofthreecomponents
1
1
1
1
=
+
+
C CA CB CC
CB:distortionalstiffnessofthebeam
easy to calculate
CC:bendingstiffnessoftheattachedpanel
CA:stiffnessoftheconnection
object of investigations
of EASIE project
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Momentrotationrelation
Downwardloading
Upliftloading
CA = 0
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Momentrotationrelation downwardloading
mK = qd
CA =
b
2
mK
(mK )
CA = f (q d )
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Overview
Torsional restraint
Diaphragm action
Axial loads
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10
Diaphragmaction loadtransfer
Transferofhorizontal(wind)loadsbydiaphragmaction
or
sandwichpanelscanreplacewindbracings
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11
Diaphragmaction loadtransfer
Example
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12
Diaphragmaction Stabilisationofbeamsandcolumns
Stabilityfailuremodes
Buckling
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Lateraltorsional buckling
13
Diaphragmaction Stabilisationofbeamsandcolumns
Lateralrestraint
Sandwichpanelscanrestraindisplacementv
IncreaseofcriticalbucklingmomentMcr
andcriticalbucklingforceNcr
Restrainingeffectsareconsideredbysprings
longitudinalspringwithstiffnessK
StiffnessKdependsonshearstiffnessSofthediaphragm
2

forsinusoidaldeflection K = S i
l
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14
Diaphragmaction stiffnessofdiaphragm
Definition:StiffnessSofasheardiaphragm
S=
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15
Diaphragmaction
Generalassumptions
Stiffpanelswithflexibleconnections
Panelrotatesaroundareference
pointP
Panelsareparalleltoeachother
Panelsremainparalleltothe
longitudinaledges
Atallfasteningsonlyforcesand
displacementsinlongitudinal
direction
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16
Stiffnessoffastenings
Mechanicalmodelofaconnectiontothesubstructure
kv =
1
xF t
+
kF 2
2
sup
+ 2 (1 x F ) D t sup
22/09/2011
4C
2
3
3 (1 x F ) D t sup
+ t sup
24 EI
2
D t sup D t sup
1
kF 2
2C
8 EI
xF = 1
2
1
D 2 D (2 D + 3 t sup )
+
+
kF 2 C
6 EI
17
Stiffnessoffastenings
Threecomponents
Bendingstiffnessofthefastener
4
2 dS
EI = 200.000 N / mm
64
Rotationalstiffnessofclampinginthesubstructure
C = 2400 N / mm 2 t sup d15
Stiffnessofinternalfacesheet(holeelongation)
k F 2 = 6,93
f u , F 2 t F3 2 d 1
0,26mm + 0,8 t F 2
Fasteningsatlongitudinaljoints
k v = 1900
N
t F1 d
3
mm
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18
Overview
Torsional restraint
Diaphragm action
Axial loads
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19
Axialloads
Newapplication:
Buildingsmadeofsandwichpanelsbutwithoutsubstructure
wallpanelstransfernormalforces
newquestions:
Globalloadbearingcapacityof
axiallyloadedsandwichpanels
Localloadbearingcapacityof
loadapplicationarea
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20
Axialloads globalloadbearingcapacity
Elasticbucklingload
N cr =
N ki
N
1 + ki
GA
Elasticbucklingloadofthefaces:Nki
Elasticbucklingloadofthecore:GA
Axialload,atwhichwrinklingofbothfacesoccurs
N w = 2 AF w
Slendernessofasandwichpanel
=
Nw
2
= 2ki + GA
N cr
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DesignmodelbasedupontheexistingmodelofEN14509
Considerationof
2nd ordereffects
creepeffects
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22
Bucklingtests
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Longtermtests
23
Ultimatestressofaxiallyloadedpanels
WrinklingstressaccordingtoEN14509
Considerationofcreeping
CreepcoefficientsdeterminedaccordingtoEN14509
Advantage:
Determinationbybendingtests
Formostsandwichpanelsalreadyknown
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24
2nd OrderEffects
amplificationfactor =
1
N
1
N cr
Creepeffects
sandwichcreepcoefficient
St =
k=
k
t
1+ k
wv BS VV dx
=
wb GA MMdx
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25
BendingMoment
M tII = M WI + M I T + M SI (1 + S 2000 ) + M GI (1 + S100.000 )

wind temperature
difference
snow
permanent
load
Stressofthefacesheet
M tII
N
=
+
w
AF D 2 AF
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26
Alternative:Designbybucklingcurves
EquationfollowingEC3
N
M
+ k yy
1
Nw
Mw
Reductionfactor
1
2
2
2
=
=
0
.
5
+
1
+
GA
+ 2 + 2
Imperfectioncoefficientforsandwichpanels
BS
2e0

D
Nw
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27
Alternative:Designbybucklingcurves
2
= 0.5 + 1 + 2 GA
+ 2
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28
Axialloads localloadbearingcapacity
Loadapplicationarea:
Connectionbetweenwallandroof
Loadisintroducedinthecutedgebycontact
Failuremode:Cripplingofthefreecutedge
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29
Loadapplicationarea:
Failuremodeisrelatedtowrinklingofacompressedface
Loadapplicationarea:elasticallysupportedbeamwithafreeend
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30
Imperfectionsatloadapplicationarea
Unevencutedge contactimperfections
Cracksbetweencoreandface
Deflectionofroofpanel Introductionofloadnotexactlyvertical
Reductionofultimatestress
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31
Overview
Torsional restraint
Diaphragm action
Axial loads
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32
Horizontalloadsandstabilisationofbuildings
Newapplication:
Buildingsmadeofsandwichpanelsbutwithoutsubstructure
panelstransferhorizontalwindloads
panelsstabilizethebuilding
Transferofforces:
directlyloadedwalls
roof(circumferentialshearforce)
walls
foundation
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33
Horizontalloadsandstabilisationofbuildings
Panelsareloadedbyinplaneshearforces
Highinplaneshearstiffnessandcapacityofthepanels
fasteningsaredecisive
fasteningshavetobedesignedforthehorizontalwindload
Determinationofforcesatfastenings
bynumericalcalculationwithasimplemodel
rigidpanelsandflexiblefastenings
fasteningsareconsideredbysprings
forsimpleapplicationsalsoanalyticaldeterminationpossible
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34
Overview
Torsional restraint
Diaphragm action
Axial loads
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35
Introductionoftensileforces
Introductionoftensileforcesinonlyoneface
tensilestressesinthebondingbetweencoreandface
possiblefailuremode:
delaminationoftheface
fromthecorematerial/
tensilefailureofthecore
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36
Introductionoftensileforces
Tensileforces:
Minimumedgedistance:Pull
outfailure
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Smalleredgedistances:
Delamination ofthefacefromthe
corematerial/tensilefailureof
thecorematerial
37
Introductionofforces
Tensileforces:
Forsufficientedgedistances
Faceiselasticallysupportedbythecorematerial
Stiffnessoftheelasticfoundationisinfluencedbymaterialparametersof
thecore
Stiffnessofthefaceisinfluencedbythicknessandelasticmodulus
Concentratedtensileforce
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38
Forfurtherinformation
www.easie.eu
DeliverablesofWorkpackage3(examples)
D3.3 part1:Torsionalrestraint
D3.3 part2:Sheardiaphragms
D3.3 part3:Stiffnessoffastenings
D3.3 part4:Axiallyloadedsandwichpanels
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39
Thankyouforyourattention
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40

D1 7 Kaepplein Misiek

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D1 7 Kaepplein Misiek

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Newapplicationsforsandwichpanels:

M tII = M WI + M I T + M SI (1 + S 2000 ) + M GI (1 + S100.000 )

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