MALAVIYA NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY
JAIPUR
(RAJASTHAN)

SUMMER INTERNSHIP
(20TH MAY 2016 - 4TH JULY
2016)
At
CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS
DEPARTMENT

REPORT
GANGA HOSTEL-MNIT (JAIPUR)
SUBMITTED BY-

VIPIN ARYA
2013UCE1549

CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS

DEPARTMENT

The Central Public Works Department of India is a Central

Government owned authority that is in charge of public
sector works in the country. Central Public Works
Department (CPWD) under Ministry of Urban
Development is entrusted with construction and
maintenance of buildings for most of the Central
Government Departments, Public undertakings and
autonomous bodies.
In the Indian History both pre and postindependence CPWD has a glorious era of more than 150
year with dedicated, energetic and committed corps of

Engineers and Architects. Before being re-structured to its

present form in 1930 Central Public Works Department
originated in July 1854 when the Governor General of
India decided to set up a Central Agency:
to exercise universal control over public works in India
with best of scientific knowledge with authority &
system.
Central Public Works
Department, Jaipur is the premier agency of Govt. of India
engaged in planning, designing, construction and
maintenance of Government assets in the field of built
environment and infrastructure development. Assets in
built environment include Hospitals, Schools, Colleges,
Technical Institutes, Police Buildings, Prisons, Courts etc;
assets in infrastructure development include Roads,
Bridges, Flyovers, Footpaths, Subways etc.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is indeed a great pleasure and privilege to present this rep
ort on training at CPWD.
I am extremely grateful to my training and placement officer f
or issuing a Training letter, which
made my training possible at CPWD,Jaipur.
I would like to express my gratitude to Er P R CHARAN
BABU for his invaluable suggestions, motivation,
guidance and support through out the training. His
methodology to start from simple ant then deepen
through made me to bring out this project report without
anxiety.
Thanks to all other CPWD officials, operators and all other
members of CPWD, yet uncounted for their help in
completing the project and see the light of success.
I am very thankful to friends, colleagues and all other
persons who rendered their assistance directly or
indirectly to complete this project work successfully.

INDEX
S.NO

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

DESCRIPTION
Plan
Project Overview
Excavation
Levelling and Marking
P.C.C Laying
Tests
Materials

PROJECT OVERVIEW
NAME of WORK: Construction of 884 bedded Girls Hostel for
MNIT, JLN Marg,
Jaipur. (SH: Civil work i/c Water Supply &
sanitary
Installations,
Development work, Electrical work i/c internal
E/I, Lifts, Fire
Fighting & Fire Alarms. CCTV Camera System,
Solar Water
Heating & D.G. Set)

Cost of Project
57,56,85,638/-

Date of commencement
13/02/2016

Stipulated date of commencement

12/11/2017

Name of Contractor

Rs

M/s BCC Developers

& Promoters Pvt. Ltd.

Address

: H-33, Maszid Moth,

G.K.-II, New Delhi

110048

Name of Project Manager

Rajeev Singhal
Name of Executive Engineer
Manu Mittal

Excavation

Sh.
: Sh.

Soil may be moved to another location and formed into a

desired shape for a purpose. Much of earthworks involves
machine excavation and fill or backfill.
Depth of the excavation is approx. 3 meters .
At the site, there was not that much place to move the
soil to another location. So the excavation is done in parts
or block by block. Hydraulic excavator are used for
excavation.

Levelling and Marking

Levelling is a branch of surveying, the object of which is

to find the elevation of a given point with respect to the
given or assumed datum.

Total Station and Auto level are used for levelling and
markings of points.
Bench Mark is taken same as of Gargi Hostel. And all
the reduced level is taken with respect to this datum. Reduced
Level in surveying refers to equating elevations of survey
points with reference to a common assumed datum. It is
a vertical distance between survey point and adopted
datum plane. Thus it is considered as the base elevation
which is used as reference to reckon heights or depths of
other important places.

Total station

Total station is a surveying equipment combination

of Electromagnetic Distance Measuring Instrument and
electronic theodolite. It is also integrated with
microprocessor, electronic data collector and storage
system. The instrument can be used to measure
horizontal and vertical angles as well as sloping distance
of object to the instrument.

Capability of a Total Station:

Microprocessor unit in total station processes the data
collected to compute:
1.

Average of multiple angles measured.

2.

Average of multiple distance measured.

3.

Horizontal distance.

4.

Distance between any two points.

5.

Elevation of objects and

6.

All the three coordinates of the observed points.

Data collected and processed in a Total Station can
be downloaded to computers for further processing.

Advantages of Using Total Stations

The following are some of the major advantages of
using total station over the conventional surveying
instruments:
1.
Field work is carried out very fast.
2.
3.

Accuracy of measurement is high.

Manual errors involved in reading and recording are
eliminated.

4.

Calculation of coordinates is very fast and accurate.

Even corrections for temperature and pressure are
automatically made.

5.

Computers can be employed for map making and

plotting contour and cross-sections. Contour intervals and
scales can be changed in no time.

Auto Level

A dumpy level or automatic level is an optical

instrument used to establish or verify points in the same
horizontal plane. It is used in surveying and building with
a vertical staff to measure height differences and to
transfer, measure and set heights.
The level instrument is set up on a tripod and, depending
on the type, either roughly or accurately set to a leveled
condition using foots crews (levelling screws). The
operator looks through the eyepiece of the telescope

while an assistant holds a tape measure or

graduated staff vertical at the point under measurement.
The instrument and staff are used to gather and/or
transfer elevations (levels) during site surveys or building
construction. Measurement generally starts from a
benchmark with known height determined by a previous
survey, or an arbitrary point with an assumed height.

Marking
Marble powder is used for marking. All the lines are
marked so that P.C.C can be easily laid.

P.C.C Laying

After all the markings Plain Cement Concrete (P.C.C) is

laid to provide firm base and level surface to the footings.
It also increases the bearing capacity of soil. PCC also
prevents the water from penetrating into the foundation.
The grade of the concrete of P.C.C is M15.
The thickness of the P.C.C is 100mm.
Laying of concrete is done manually.

Tests
Sieve Analysis
Sieve analysis helps to determine the particle size
distribution of the coarse and fine aggregates. This is
done by sieving the aggregates as per IS: 2386 (Part I)
1963. In this we use different sieves as standardized by

the IS code and then pass aggregates through them and

thus collect different sized particles left over different
sieves.

Set of IS Sieves of sizes 80mm, 63mm, 50mm,

40mm,31.5mm, 25mm, 20mm, 16mm, 12.5mm, 10mm,
6.3mm,4.75mm, 3.35mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600m,
300m, 150m and 75m.
Sieve analysis of 20mm aggregates
Total weight of aggregate = 3 Kg

Sieve
size
(mm)

Weight
(gm)

Retaine
d
( in %)

Passing
( in %)

Limit
(in %)

Cumulati
ve
weight(g
m)
0

40

100

100

20

301

301

10.03

89.97

85-100

10

2106

2407

80.23

19.76

0-20

4.75

582

2989

99.63

0.36

0-5

Pan

2995

99.83

0.17

-----

Sieve analysis of 10mm aggregates

Total weight of aggregate = 5 Kg
Sieve
size
(mm)

Weight
(gm)

Passing
( in %)

Limit
(in %)

Cumulati Retaine
ve
d
weight(g
( in %)
m)
0
0

12.5

100

100

10

106

106

2.12

97.88

85-100

4.75

4574

4680

93.60

6.40

0-20

2.36

197

4877

97.54

2.46

0-5

Pan

107

4984

99.68

0.32

Sieve analysis of sand

Total weight of sand = 1 Kg
Sieve
size

Weight
(gm)

Retained Passing
( in %)
( in %)

Zone II
Limit
(in %)

Cumulati
ve
weight(g
m)
0

10 mm

100

100

4.75
mm
2.36
mm
1.18
mm

49

49

4.90

95.10

90-100

62

111

11.10

88.90

75-100

140

251

25.10

74.90

55-90

600 m

315

566

56.60

43.40

35-59

300 m

311

877

87.70

12.30

8-30

150 m

95

972

97.20

2.80

0-10

Pan

20

992

99.20

0.80

All the values are in the limit so the course and fine
aggregates and sand are good for use.

Compressive strength of concrete

Out of many test applied to the concrete, this is the
utmost important which gives an idea about all the
characteristics of concrete. By this single test one judge
that whether Concreting has been done properly or not.
Compressive strength of concrete depends on many
factors such as water-cement ratio, cement strength,
quality of concrete material, quality control during
production of concrete etc.
Test for compressive strength is carried out either on
cube or cylinder. For cube test two types of specimens
either cubes of 15 cm X 15 cm X 15 cm or 10cm X 10 cm
x 10 cm depending upon the size of aggregate are used.
For most of the works cubical moulds of size 15 cm x
15cm x 15 cm are commonly used.
The proportion and material for making these test
specimens are from the same concrete used in the field.

CURING
The test specimens are stored in moist air for 24hours
and after this period the specimens are marked and
removed from the moulds and kept submerged in clear
fresh water until taken out prior to test.
PRECAUTIONS
The water for curing should be tested every 7days and
the temperature of water must be at 27+-20C.

Calculations
Grade of concrete is M25
Size of the cube =15cm x15cm x15cm
Area of the specimen (calculated from the mean size of
the specimen)=225cm2
Date of casting= 24/04/2016
Date of Testing=01/05/2016 (7 days)
Cube
I
II
III

Load(KN)
695
551
571

Strength(N/m Average(N/m
m2)
m2)
30.88
24.48
26.91
25.37

Date of Testing=22/05/2016 (28 days)

Cube
I

Load(KN)
1100

II
III

1055
1090

Strength(N/m Average(N/m
m2)
m2)
48.88
46.88

48.06

48.44

Result: Average strength of concrete after 7

days=26.91 N/mm2
Average strength of concrete after 28
days=48.06 N/mm2
The strength of concrete increases with age. Concrete
gains its 65% of strength in 7 days and 99% of strength in
28 days.
For the M25 grade
Minimum compressive strength at 7 days= 17N/mm2
Specified characteristic compressive strength at 28 days=
25 N/mm2

Impact Test
APPARATUS:
The apparatus as per IS: 2386 (Part IV) 1963 consists of:
(i) A testing machine weighing 45 to 60 kg and having a
metal base with a painted lower surface of not less than

30 cm in diameter. It is supported on level and plane

concrete floor of minimum 45 cm thickness. The machine
should also have provisions for fixing its base.
(ii) A cylindrical steel cup of internal diameter 102 mm,
depth 50 mm and minimum thickness 6.3 mm.
(iii) A metal hammer weighing 13.5 to 14.0 kg the lower
end being cylindrical in shape, 50 mm long, 100.0 mm in
diameter, with a 2 mm chamfer at the lower edge and
case hardened. The hammer should slide freely between
vertical guides and be concentric with the cup. Free fall of
hammer should be within 3805 mm.
(iv) A cylindrical metal measure having internal diameter
75 mm and depth 50 mm for measuring aggregates.
(v) Tamping rod 10 mm in diameter and 230 mm long,
rounded at one end.
(vi) A balance of capacity not less than 500g, readable
and accurate up to 0.1 g.
THEORY: The property of a material to resist impact is
known as toughness. The aggregate impact value is a
measure of resistance to sudden impact or shock, which
may differ from its resistance to gradually applied
compressive load.

OBSERVATIONS

Sample 1

Total weight of
dry sample
( W1 gm)
Weight of portion
passing 2.36 mm
sieve (W2 gm)
Aggregate Impact
Value (percent) =
W2 / W1 X 100

Sample 2

338 gm

336 gm

62 gm

58 gm

18.34 %

17.26%

Mean=17.80%

RESULT:

Aggregate Impact Value = 18%

RECOMMENDED VALUES
Classification of aggregates using Aggregate Impact
Value is as given below:
Aggregate Impact Value
<20%
10 20%
20-30%
>35%

Classification
Exceptionally Strong
Strong
Satisfactory
Weak

Materials

1. Reinforcement

Bar:

At the site, bars of diameter 8, 10, 12, 16, 20

and 25 are used. These bars are Thermo
Mechanically Treatment (TMT) of 500D ordered
from Jindal Steels.
2. Cement:
C-43 Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) fly ash
based is used. Initial setting time of cement is 45-60
min and final setting time is 120-140 min.

3.

Aggregates:

Course aggregates= mainly 20mm size (90%) and

10mm (98%)
Zone II sand is used. The impact value of the
aggregates is 18%. It means aggregates are strong
and good to be used in construction.

4.

Water:

Ground water is used. The PH of water is 6-8.

5.

Admixtures:

Fosroc Conplast SP432BS is used as admixture for

cement and concrete. This is accelerator admixture.
The shelf life of admixture is 12 months of
manufacturing.
It contains Sulphonated Naphthalene
Formaldehyde.
The setting time of admixture is 25 min.
Admixtures are in drums with net content 250 kg.

6.

Curing Compound:

The amount of mixing water in the concrete at the

time of placement is normally more than required for
hydration & that must be retained for curing.
However, excessive loss of water by evaporation may
reduce the amount of retained water below what
necessary for development of desired properties. The
potentially harmful effects of evaporation shall be
prevented either by applying water or preventing
excessive evaporation.

CUREWELL-WB Curing Compound Resin

Based is used.
Water loss after 72 hrs in Kg/m2 at 5m2/Ltr. Coverage
is 0.48. It should not be more than 0.55 Kg/m2.
Drying time of curing compound is 2 Hrs. And
requirement is dry to touch in not more than 4 hrs.
After applying the curing compound back filling can
be done within 5-6 hrs otherwise back filling
cannot be done before 7 days.
But disadvantage of curing compound is that due to
curing compound, concrete gains only 72-80 %
of its strength. So at the site, to get 25N/mm2
strength of concrete 40N/mm2 is taken

7.

Shuttering Oil:

Anclo 68 is used as shuttering oil.

Mobil can be used also.

Footing
Combined footing

Combined supports two columns. It is used when the two

column are so close to each other that their individual
footings would overlap. A combined footing is also
provided when the property line is so close to one column
that a spread footing would be eccentrically loaded when
kept entirely within the property line. By combining it with
that of an interior column, the load is evenly distributed.
A combine footing may be rectangular or trapezoidal in
plan. Trapezoidal footing is provided when the load on
one of the column is larger than the other column.

Raft foundation

It is a large slab supporting a number of columns and

walls under entire structure or a large part of the
structure. A mat is required when the allowable soil
pressure is low or where the columns and walls are so
close that individual footings would overlap or nearly
touch each other. Mat foundations are useful in reducing
the differential settlements on non-homogeneous soils or
where there is large variation in the loads on the
individual columns.
In combined and raft footing and columns are
casted monolithically.
Reinforcement bars of diameter 10 and 12 mm are
used.
There is two layers of reinforcement. So maintaining gap
between these layers chair of reinforcement is used so
that laying of concrete can be done easily.

Isolated footing

There is only one layer of reinforcement of diameter 10

and 12mm bars.

Depth of foundations are

varying at different places. Depths of footings are
600, 700, 750 and 850 mm.

Shuttering of footing

For the shuttering of footings ply wood and timber is

used. Oiling is done so that shuttering can be easily
removed.

Concreting of footing

Grade of concrete is M25.

Concrete is brought from batching plant and pumped into
the footing through steel pipes.
Needle vibrator is used to spread the concrete properly to
avoid the voids in concrete.
Combined and raft footing is filled with concrete and then
upper surface is leveled. But trapezoidal footings are
filled up to rectangular portion and after some time
tapered portion of footing is made manually.
50 mm cover is provided to all sides.
Formwork is removed after 1 day.

Trenches are made at combined and raft footing and

water is filled. And curing compound is applied at sides.
Isolated footings are covered with jute bags after
applying curing compound.

Column

Reinforcement bars of 10,12,16,20 and 25 mm

diameter are used.

8 mm diameter bars are used for stirrups.

In combined and raft footing, columns are casted
monolithically. Each bar is passed through the
reinforcement of footing and tied with wires to give the
shape of column as per plan. In trapezoidal footings,
columns are made separately then erected at the place
and tied.

Steel bars are used to support the columns. And after

concreting these bars are cut from the surface of footing.

All the coordinates of the columns are checked by Total

station. If that is not corrected, it should be corrected
before concreting.
To check the verticality of column instrument is used.

Instrument is attached at different points to check. There

is bubble in the instrument. The bubble of the instrument
should be in center. If that is not in center, it means
column is not vertical. Then it is corrected manually.
MS plates are used for the shuttering of the columns. At
the corner of formwork, tape is used to avoid the bleeding
of cement. For easy removal of formwork, oil is applied.
Concrete is brought from the batching plant and poured
into the columns manually and then vibrated to compact
and spread the concrete. Pouring of concrete and
vibration is done simultaneously.

Formwork is removed after 1 day of concreting.

Then curing compound is applied and after 5-6 hrs back
filling can be done.

Plinth Beam

Plinth beam gives structural integrity.

It reduces the slenderness ratio by this buckling of
column is reduced.
It also reduces the length of column and increases the
load bearing capacity of column.
It gives a plane surface for walls. And prevents the
seepage of water to the walls.

Brick or stone masonry is usually constructed below

the plinth beam.
Reinforcement bars of diameter 16, 20 and 25mm
are used. 8 mm dia bars are used for stirrups.
Grade of concrete is M25.
Cross section of the plinth beam is 300x600mm.
MS plates and ply woods are used for shuttering.

Concrete is poured and vibrated. Clear cover is 30mm

provided.
Columns and plinth beam are casted monolithically.
Side formwork of beam is removed after 1 day and
bottom formwork is removed after 7 days.

After removal of formwork curing compound is applied.