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As Shown in the Figure the Soil is clayey in Nature upto 4m, and
Soft Disintegrated Rock upto 15m. Hard Rock is available at a depth of
15m beneath the Abutment as well as Piers. And the nature of soil for
Abutments and Piers are same.
Proposed Pile arrangement beneath Pier : The Proposed Piles of 1m
Diameter beneath the Pier are as follows .
0.8m
2.5m
2.5m
0.8m
0.8m
2.5m
0.8m
The Length of Pile Cap is 6.6 m in either direction . The spacing of Piles
is 2.5m in either direction and therefore 2.5d where d is the diameter of
Pile ( 1m dia Pile).
The Maximum Load on Pile is 185t .The arrangement has been adopted
from that of another Bridge constructed 2 years back about 100Km
away. .The Spans of that Bridge is Similar but the height of that Bridge is
6.5m and it was constructed with RCC trestles. The Piles were Designed as
End Bearing Piles and Socketted into Hard Rock but the Max Load there
was only 175t.
PROPOSED PILE ARRANGEMENT BENEATH ABUTMENT WITH
SQUARE RETURNS
0.8m
2.5m
2.5m
2.5m
0.8m
2.5m
2.5m
2.5m
The Length of Pile Cap is 9.1m in either Direction. The Spacing of Piles
is 2.5m i.e 2.5d .
The maximum Load coming on Piles is only 103 tonnes.
3.75m
3.75m
2.5m
2.5m
2.5m
9.1m
3.75m
3.75m
3.75m
3.75m
9.1m
Regards
Ashish Juneja
Dr Ashish Juneja
Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
Powai, Mumbai 40 0076
Tel. 2576 7327
Fax. 2576 7302
View 2
04.01.2006
Dear Mr Meher,
Received your e-mail. I have to inform you as follows :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
3.
4.
5.
V.T.SHELAR
B.E.(Civil), MIE
Chartered Engineer
(Bridge Designer)
View 3
From: pkbd@iitk.ac.in
To:
Dear Mr.Meher,
Wish you a HAPPY NEW YEAR! Sorry for delayed
reply to your enquiry.
In a group piles act independently if the spacing
is at about 6D. 3.5D in that sense not very large
when the piles would act independently. There
will be some interference and most probably the
piles would act as a group. Thus, group efficiency
need to be estimated. As the piles would be
socketed in rock that would have large bearing
capacity.
Hope this clarifies your doubt.
Yours sincerely,
Basudhar
VIEW 4
It appears that you have referred the question of maximum permissible spacing of
piles to several I.I.T. professors.
In Railway design office, normally codes and manuals are available. Kindly refer to "Manual on
the design and construction of well and pile foundations (1985)" issued by R.D.S.O., in which,
on page-5 para 2.3 it is mentioned that maximum spacing of pile is 4d and minimum spacing
of pile is 2.5d, where d is the diameter of pile.
I hope this Indian Railway Codal provision will help in clearing your doubt.
Sir,
I am aware of the maximum spacing of 4d given by RDSO . However the justification for this is
not known . There are no such restrictions in IRC . I interacted with a consultant from
Maharashtra who provided 5 to 5.5 d pile spacing for highway bridges . I have not gone
through the provisions in other country codes but I came to know through interactions that 5
to 5.5 d spacing is provided in Germany and Russia . In some old drawings of 1980 approved
by scr I have seen that spacing of 5 d was provided .