Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 364

L A W O F S A IIV A G E

'

A D M I N I S TE RE D

AS

THE HI G H COUR
T OF ADMI RAL TY
AND THE CO UNTY QOURTEg
'

WI FE?

INCIPAL AUTHOR
LISH AND AMER
ICAN
PR
ITIES, E NG
.

mm AN
APPENDI X,
TA B LE

'

O E G RA Y S I NN,

B A RRI S T ER KT L A W
-

LQNDON :

S T E V E NS

&

H A Y NE S
-

g ain ublis lgzzs ;


mu m T E M P L E
'

B E LL

'

_l q

-I

1895 ) ,

BA

,1

EES

PRE F A C E
I HA V E

n d e av o u r e d i n

the

follow i n g

pa g e s t o

p lace b efor e the Pr ofes s i o n the prin cipl es

L aw of Ma ri t im e S a l vag
in

ce e di ng s

A dmi r al ty
The
la w

of

sa va e
g

an d

c o se

wi t h

sui t

e,

E n g l an d

an d

th at

t h of the pro
H ig h Cou rt of

in t he

that

the

a sk e c

i n the C o u n ty Co u rts

r e semb l an ce

of

x i s ts b etw een the

f the U n i te d S ta tes

up n

s u bj ect has i n d u ced m e b y a fr e qu ent r efe


r e n ce thr o ug h o u t the w o rk to A m e r i can a u thor iti e s

thi s

qu a lly u sefu l to the


A m e ri ca n a s to th e E n g l is h L awy e r
I n the A pp e n di x are c oll ected t ho se p ort i on s o f
to

a im

at

m aki n g th e b o o k

Me rch an t S h ippi n g an d oth e r A c t s w h ich b e a r


u on
S a lv ag e w i th s u ch o f the F or ms o f the
p
the

A d mi r a lty C ou rt
to b e foun d

u se f

an d

C o u nty C o urt s

as

are

l i ke ly

ul

E D W YN JO NE S
8 , KI NG

'

BE NC H W A L K , TE MPLE ,
S ep tember, 18 7 0
.

C O NTE NT S
C H A PTE R I

PA GE

Nature

of

vi ce

th e

t c

s an es o f

s er

S al vag

I ng

redi en ts

i c e

e se rv

cl ai

Pil o ts

o wner

as

se s

fav oured

II

In
1 18

III

S al v o rs L eg al D erel i c t
Firs t
Dis trib u ti on b etween ri val S al v o rs
of

C H A PTE R I V

S alvors
5 5

75

A moun t

7 6 100

CHA PTE R V

A pporti onm en t

10 1 120

CHAPTE R V I

C on tri b ution

12 1 123

CHAPTE R V I I

Misc onduct

vice

s er

S al v ors The Crew Pass en g ers Ship

Tu g s S hip s A g ent W ar V ess el s


19 5 4

C H APTE R
D ieren t

Sal v ag e

Li fe S al v ag

C H A PTE R
W ho may

of

an d

l 2 4 14

Neg lig en ce Un sk ilfuln ess


C H A PTER V III

D etenti on b y S al vors

143 15 5

vi

C ONTE NTS

C HA PTE R I X

PA G E

o ver S al vag e Juris di cti on and Practi ce of


C o urt of A d mi ral t y J uri sd i c ti o n an d Pra c ti ce of the
15 6
2 01
C oun ty Cour t Jur is dicti on o f the Ju s ti ces

Pro ceedi ng s

to

rec

CHA PTE R X

2 02 205

C o s ts

CHA PTE R XI

2 06

A pp eal

A PPE ND I X

c 7 6 ( Jurisdicti on of Cinqu e Ports )


17 85 18 V i ct c 10 4 3 3 4 8 2 ( Merchan t Shipp in g A ct 18 5 2)
19 V i ct c 91 s s 19
20
18
2 5 dt 2 6 V i ct c 6 3 8 8 49 5 3
4 V ict c 6 5 ( Practi ce of C ou rt of A dmiral ty)
3
2 4 V ict c 10 ( Pra c ti ce of C our t o f A dm iral ty )
31 8t 32 V ict c 7 1 ( C ou n ty C ou rt s A dmi ral ty Ju ri sdi c ti on
1

2 G eo 4,

2 11

2 13
2 19
2 42

243
2 46
25 2

A ct, 18 6 8 )

25 8

ict c 5 1 ( Coun ty C ourts A dmiral ty Juris di c ti on


A men dmen t A ct 18 6 9)
O rders in Coun cil
L i s t of C oun ty Cou rts havi ng A d mi ralt y Ju ris di c ti on
A dm iral ty Court Forms
A dd iti onal F orms of Pl eading s
C oun t y Court F o rm s
Schedu l e of Fees i n Admiral ty C ourt
S chedul e of Cou n ty C o urt Fees
3 2 85 33 V

265
266

268
2 72

2 81
2 97

30 1
3 10

TAB LE OF CA S E S
A
A s ma

The, 14
A rn , The, 2 4
A rn a n d S peed w el l, The, 23
A tif, The, 196
A D Pat hin, The, 10 0
A d l p he, W illi a m s v Ca rg
of,
The, 5 8
A n a V an Lin g e, The, 10 0
Afri a, The, 2 9, 96 , 98 , 100
A l ab a mi an , The, 6
A lb atr ss , The, 20 2
A l b ert, The, 7 7
A lb i n, The, 3, 4 3, 7 3, 10 4, 106,
111, 112
A l ethei a, The, 8 7 , 112
A l exa nder, The, 16 2
A lexa n der La rs en, The, 16 5
A lexander, L ea v The, 3 7
Al fen , The, 15 , 2 8 , 8 1
A l ma , The, 5 0, 5 1, 8 0
A l pha , The , 16 0
A malia , The, 17 0
A maz n , The, 5 3
The, 0 J hn
A m eri a n Ir n
s on , 11
Amethyst, The, 6 4, 112
A nas ta s ia , The, 2
A n da l us ia , The, 8 2
A ndrew W il s n , The, 2 10
A n nap li s, The, 7 , 13, 4 2 , 4 3, 12 8
A nn e, The, 16
A nn e and Jan e, The, 17 0
A n n i e Chil ds , The, 16 8 , 17 2
A p l l , The, 2 0 2
A quila, The, 2 7 , 49, 5 7 , 5 8 , 8 9
ra

co
co
c
.

'

A rab ian , The, 8 5


A r ti , The, 12
A rdi n ca p l e, The, 8 1
A rg , The, 196
A rthu r, The, 3 7 , 96 , 99, 10 0
A s hb u rt n , The, 14 0
A tki n s n v W dhal l , 10 4
A tlas , The, 5 , 9, 10, 15 , 7 3, 8 9,
12 5 , 132 , 13 9, 140 14 1
A u r ra , The, 13 4, 17 0
A z te s , The, 4, 7

c c
o

oo

o
c

'

o
c

o o

'

BA K E R v H ag , 143
Ba l ti m re, The, 10 9
Baref , The, 6 1, 12 6
Ba rtle , The, 18 , 8 0
Batavi er, The, 4 5 , 2 0 4
Bears e 22 Three hu n dre d and f r
p g s of pp er, 100
Bea er, The, 16 , 19, 5 0, 6 1, 8 5
B ee, The, 5 8 , 6 2 , 14 3
B el le o f L ag s , The, 2 03
Hell o Cor run os , The, 12 5
Beng al, The, 16 1
Berl n , The, 6 1, 6 7 , 6 8 , 8 9, 113
Bets , The, 100
Beu la h, The, 4 6, 110, 112 , 114,
115
Bl a k Boy , The, 12 7 , 2 0 4
B laireau , The, 17 , 19, 31, 7 7 , 8 6 ,
10 7 , 10 8 , 112, 113 , 114, 13 5
Bla ke 0 Pa ten , 10 7
Blendenhall, The, 63 65 , 8 9
Bl mer, The, 16 3
.

o
oo t
y

o ty

co

i
v

i
y

'

oo

viii

TA

BL

Bold Bu ccleu ch, The, 16 5


B o marsu nd, The, 4, 7 , 3 5 , 141, 142
B on d a Brig Co re, 31
B os to n, The, 62, 8 6, 112 , 12 4,
13 5 , 136
Bothnia, The, 17 0
Box of Bull ion, A , 7 5
Box of Bull i on, W i ll ia ms v A , 8 6
Brans t on, The, 2 5
Brig A lph on s o, The, 2, 14, 8 0
Brig C ora, The, 31, 8 6 , 10 8
Brig J ohn G il p in, The, 6 3
Brig S us an, The, 35
Brig g s v The Mercha n t Trad ers
S hip, L oan, and I ns uran ce A s s o
elation, 12 1, 123
B ritai n, The, 98 , 106, 12 0
British Con sul, The, v S mith, 62
Britis h E mpire, The, 98
Briton , The, 95 , 96
Brothers, The, 7 3
I
Bu ll , Fretz
77
Bure, The, 16 3
B urns, The, 4
Byron, The, 134
.

'

'

OF

CA S E S

The, 99, 10 5 , 10 7
G ate, Ta l r v The S hi p, 20
Cen ur n, The, 10 7, 108 , 130
C ertain L g s of Mahog an , 16 3
C G ri nnel, The, 8 3, 8 5
Champ n, The, 5 5 , 5 6, 14 5
143, 15 6
Chap man , Ni h l s n
Charl es, The, 6 2 , 110
Charles A d lphe, The, 45 , 132
C harlotte, The, 6 3, 6 7 , 129
Charl t e, The, 2 , 3, 2 7 , 3 0, 98 ,
112
Charl
e W li e, The, 14, 5 0, 93,
10 8 , 109
Cheru b m, The, 16 0
Chetah, The, 5 , 6 , 2 07
Chi eftain , The , 16 1
C rcass an, The, 15
Ci
of E d i nb ur g h, The, 13 7
Clara, The , 16 4
Cl aren e, The, 17 0
Claris s e, The, 5 8 , 63, 6 9, 8 0,
2 06
Cl e patra, The, 14 4
Cl f n, The, 5 3, 7 7 , 17 2
C lb 0 Wats n, 10 5
C lli er, The, 29
C lu mb i a, The, 10, 62 , 104, 112
C lu mb n e, The, 10 4, 113
C l u mb us , The, 36
C mm d re, The, 94
C m e Nes s elr de, The, 15 9
C mus , The, 8 1
C ra, The, 10 7 , 112
C rn er, The, 16 7 , 16 9
G o man del, The, 10, 15 , 18 , 5 9
,

Cat

yo
t io
o

io

CA LE DO NI A , The, 2 01
C allag an v Hal let, 3 7
Calypso, The, 16
Geneva, The, 4 7 , 96
Cape Packet, The, 13 8 , 139, 14 0
Carg o ex Ca pella, The 13
Ca rg o ea: G alam, The, 16 4
Carg o ea: Hon or, The, 10, 4 8 , 49,
'

17 2 , 20 4
Carg of the A d lphe, W ll a ms
The, 5 8
Carg ea: Loodianah, The, 90
Carg ea: V enus , The, 8 9, 94
Car l n e, The, 3 0, 104, 106
Carr er P g e n , The, 12
Carryl , Ta l r v The, 163
Th mp s n , 15 6
Cas tellaine
Cas le wn, The, 8 9
Ca al na, The, 2 0 2
Ca her ne, The, 15 , 100

o
o
oi
i

t to
t i
t i

i o
yo

i i

v.

c o o

ot

ott

i
i
ty

o
i to
o y
o
o
o
i
o
o o o
o t
o
o
o
.

'

'

gg

Cos mop ol i tan , The, 5 8 , 60, 6 9


Cru s V , The, 96, 10 0
C u ba, The, 7 6 , 2 10
Cu mb er la nd, The, 12
C W R
i n g , The, 112
Cyg net, The, 14
.

'

DA NTZI C PA CKE T, The, 5 5


144

12 7 ,

TA B

LE

or CA S E S

ix

Dawn, The, 2 0
De an e, The, 10 6
Delph s, The, 6 2 , 112
Des pa t h, The, 17 0
De veron, The, 8 5 , 111
Dexter v Bark Ri hm n d, 3 7
D i ad em , The, 14 1
Diana , The, 2 02
Di d Bri g , The, H pe
37
D to r V an Tunen Tell , The,
2 08
D dg e Hea ly, The, 6 , 62
Doss ei tei , The, 35 , 6 8 , 12 8 , 12 9
D e an d Carg , The , 13 5
Dowthorp e, The, 164
D u ke of Ma n chester, The, 12 5 ,
13 9, 14 0, 141, 20 2
D u l an y v Sl p Perag i o, 37
D un d ee, The, 16 2
Dyg den, The, 3 5 , 36 , 138 , 13 9,
140, 2 0 4

E l ira, The, 2, 4, 129


Emb li n, The, 14 6
E mma, The, 100, 10 9, 12 1, 122
E mu l u s, The, 7 7 , 7 9, 10 0
E n han tres s , The, 98 , 10 2, 10 3,
10 5 , 110, 111, 114, 115 , 116,
118
Endea u r, The, 7 3, 7 4, 10 5
En g lan d , The, 17 0
E nterp ri se, The, 3 4
E rie Ry Co S eaman v The, 15
Esp era n e, The, 8 9
E U , The, 7 , 9, 7 0
E ug ene, The, 6 4, 6 5
E u g eni e, The, 2 , 3 5
Eu r pa , The, 16 9
E wb an k, The Henry, 10, 6 2 , 7 3,
7 7 , 8 6 , 10 5 , 10 7 , 110, 112 ,
12 9
Ewell Gr e, The, 5 0, 8 9, 90
Ex han g e, The, 8 1

c
o
c

'

oc

ov

oo

2 02
E f rt, The, 5 5 , 8 9
E l ean re, The, 8 3
Ele n ra Charl tte, The, 12 9, 14 5 ,
17 2
E l e n re, The, 15 , 165 , 2 0 0
Elis e, Th e, 96 , 99
E liza , The, 12
E li z ab eth, The, 33, 6 7
Eli z ab e h an d an e, L ew s v The,
12 9, 143
The,
Eli z a b eth an d a ne, S ms
62
E li z ab e h B bb , The, 12
E lla C ns tan e, The, 7 7 , 8 2
E lli otta , The, 8 9
Ell ra , The, 3 8 , 4 5

o o

t
o

i y
c

vo

'

'

ov

E A RL G RE Y , The, 8 1, 10 4, 105 ,
112 , 16 1
E arl of Eg lin t on , The, 5 0, 90
E as t L othian , The, 17 0
Eas tern Mon ar ch, The, 14 , 8 0
E d mon d , The, 16 8
Ed w ar d Ha w ki ns, The, 5 , 4 1,

o
o o

FA I R A ME RI CAN, The, 13 7
Fa rite, The, 4 7 , 49
Fel ix, The, 3 5
Feni x , The, 6 0, 15 9
Fenw i k, The, 5 8
Fi eld en, The, 13 0
Firey, The, 95 , 98 , 99
Fl ee e, The, 5 6 , 6 3 , 93
Fl inn v L ea n der, 62
Fl ra , The, 16 3, 16 7
Fl ren e, The, 19, 2 0, 6 1, 8 8 , 8 9,
135
F rtitu de, The, 202
F rtun a, The, 8 9
F ran es Ma ry, The, 8 9
Fran es an d Eliz a, The, 16 , 5 0,
20 4
Frankl in, The, 16
Fred eri k, The, 33, 17 2
Fretz
Bu ll , 7 7
F u n hal Bapti s ta, The, 36
Fus i li er, The, 17 , 7 7 , 8 2, 93,
12 3, 15 8 , 2 06
Fyl er v Fyl er, 17 3

vo

o
o

o
o

c
c

'

TAB E

OF

CA S E S

Hedwig , The, 34, 3 5 , 17 2, 20 4


Hel en and G eorg e, The, 98 , 99,

Gau
45

ru

The, 8 3, 37 , 3 8 , 40,

Gang es, The, 30, 117


General Pal mer, The, 33

G ener u s, The, 96 , 2 10
G e s see, The, 9, 6 1, 6 8 , 7 2, 7 3,

gz

G en es ee Chi ef, The, 7 7


Ge rg e A rkle, The, 17 0
G e rg e Dean, The, 8 3, 90, 104
G e rg e Ni cholau s, The, 14, 6 2
G ertru de, The, 5 9, 144, 196
G iac m , The, 2 , 202
G las g w Packet, The, 5 5 , 6 4, 12 7 ,
143, 146 , 17 0, 202 , 2 03
Gl ria de Maria, The, 2 0 3
G l ry, The, 6 4, 67 , 12 7 , 17 3,
2 03
G ol endrina, The, 14, 10 5 , 106
G ol u b chi ck, The, 2 02
G ds, S mal l v The, 114
G ern r Rai es, The, 16 , 19
G ra es, The, 8 1, 8 2, 95 , 10 0
G ra ina, The, 29
G reat Ea st ern , The, 26, 165
G u drun, The, 6 7

o
o
o

o o
o

o
o

oo
ov o
c
v

Harm s , The, 28
Hall ett, Callag han
Hann ib al , The, 13

Happy Retu rn,

v. ,

37

The, 4 8, 49

Harb ing er, The, 2 , 45


Harm onie, The, 16 2
Harmony, The, 112
Harriet, The, 2 11
arri ot, The, 29, 20 4
15 6
arris on, Lips on
Hartfort v J ones, 14 3
Has wel l, The, 17 0
Hayes, The H M , 13
H D Bacon, The, 14 6
'
h
b
T
He e,
e, 33, 34, 92 , 93 , 17 0
Hec to r, The, 7 7 , 90, 129
Hel en, The, 169

100
Helene, The, 16 7
Henr , The, 95
Hercu l es , The, 3 4, 5 8
Herman We del , The, 199
Her , The, 16 7
Hi k ma n, The, 160, 17 2 , 2 0 5
Hi mala a, The, 15 , 10 5 , 10 6,
112
H ag , Bak er
14 3
H b art 91 Dr g an , 3 7
H lder Borden, The, 20, 2 5
H p e , The, 10, 94, 10 4, 10 8 , 112 ,
119, 17 2
H p e 0 Bri g D d , 37
H p ewell , The, 130 , 20 5
H us man v Sch ner N r h Caro
lin a, 97
H ward , The, 10 5
Howthand el, The, 8 3, 135 , 139,
17 5

o
o
o
o
o
o
o

i o

'

oo

ot

Rob son 0 The,


Hu ssey Reed
20
u ntress ,

'

5 3

Hyer, The Schooner Wa v e

37

I n ca , The, 8 9
nd e endence, The 2
p
,
, 80
n d a, The, 6 , 10, 6 9
n d u s r , The, 7 7
din e, The, 5 0
r n master, The, 17 0
r ns id es, The, 16 9, 2 02
s ab el la . Th e 45
s land C t , The, 5 8 7 3 13 6
,
,

I
I i
I
ty
Io
Io
Io
I
I
iy

Ja ox Ja wmrr, The, 15
J ames, The, 13 4
J ames Di x n, The, 8 9, 17 5
J an e, The, 8 3, 8 5 , 8 9, 104, 10 8 ,
112
J an e A nders n, The, 3 4, 95

TA

BL

J anet Mi tchell The 14 2 7


J eanette The 8 5
J eun e L ou is e The 2 11
J eu ne Paul The 2 01
J G Paint The 8
J ohannes The 18 3 4 16 7
,

10 9

2 0 2,

204
hn , The, 118 , 15 9, 160, 17 2
hn B ry an t, The, 2 6 , 13 9
hn G il pi n, The, 62 , 14 3
hn Perkins , The, 2 3, 142
hn Ta l r, The, 2 0
hn Wu rts , The, 6 9
hn and Th m as , The, 12 9
hn s n , The Am eri a n r n Com
11
p an
ng e A ndr es , The, 33, 4 6 , 96 ,
99
n g e Bas iaan, The, 9, 7 3 , 7 4 ,
8 9, 12 2
n es , Ha rtf rt '
v , 143
sep h C G ri g g s, The , 4
s ep h Har e , The, 3 3, 2 0 3
s ephin e, The, 5 2
T A bb tt, The, 15
u b i le e, Th e , 8 9
J uli n dur, The, 16 4

Jo
Jo
Jo
Jo
Jo
Jo
Jo
Jo

yo

o
y

Jo

Jo
Jo
Jo
Jo
J
J
.

c Io

Jo

vy

CA S E S

xi

Lady Durham The 16 2


L ady Eg idia The 3 7 4 5 2 02
La dy W ors l ey The 16 12 4 12 6
,

OF

146
Lau rel, The, 17 0, 2 0 2
aur en e v S i deb otham, 8 5
Lea
S hi p A l exan der, 3 7
L ean d er, Flinn
62
ea n der, The, 13 5
Leda , The, 196
L eo, The, 162 , 16 8

L Es p erance , 6 1
L e Tig re, 2 6 , 4 9, 5 4
ewi s v The Eliz a b e h and
ane,
129, 14 3
L i p s n 0 Harr s n , 15 6
ittl e J oe, The, 10, 35 , 2 04
L i ttl e Li z z i e, The, 17 4
L el , The, 2 7 , 49
i i ng s t ne, The, 6 1
L k w d s , The, 6 , 139
n d n , The , 2 02
L n d n Mer han t, The, 5 3, 8 1
L r d A u kl an d, The, 2 02
L u i sa , The, 16 , 5 0 , 8 4, 10 4, 111,
114 , 119, 133, 195 , 198
L e 0 Hin kle , 3 7
Lu s re, The, 5 0

'

io

'

iv y
Lv
o
o c oo
Lo o
o o
c
o
c
o

ov
t

c y

'

Ka u n a z oo, The, 16 7
Kate , The, 2 0 0
K epl er, The, 2 0 2
Killarn ey, The, 16 4
Ki ng alock , The , 4 6 , 8 1, 96 , 98
K ing O s ca r, The, 3 3, 3 4
Ki n g , The, 0 Pro perty Derel i ct,
15

McA L L UM
Reid, 17 4
McCall, Philli ps
22
Mag da len, The, 9 15 ,
,

7 4, 8 9, 12 4, 13 4,

6 7 , 7 3,
139, 14 0 ,

2 03

Mag n ol ia The 12 9
Marg aret, The 2 9
Ma rg aret an d Jan e, The 2 0 3
Maria, The, 5 7
Mari a Jane, The, 2 8 12 1
Mari a Lu is a, The, 15 7 , 2 0 1
Mari ann, The, 16
Mariann a, The, 143
Martha, The 5 5 , 8 3,
,

LA BE L L E CREO L E, The, 62, 10 5 ,


10 7 , 112
L a dy A nn e, The, 17 0
Lad y Bl essing t on , The, 163, 16 6
Lad y Catheri n e Braham, The, 149,
2 03

12 6 , 137
Mar i n Lu her, The, 2 7 , 8 9, 105
110

xii

TA B E

Ma ry, The, 2, 16 , 5 8 , 6 3
Mary A nn , The 5 0 109
Mary A nn e The, 8 1, 8 9, 110
,

117 , 17 0, 198 , 2 10
Mar Hale, The, 2 4, 13 5
Mar an d an e, The, 94
Mar Pleasan s , The, 5 0, 12 1
Marqu i s of Hun l , The, 119
M B Ste s n, The, 15
Med ra , The, 8 5
Mer han Trad ers Shi p, V L an ,
an d
I ns u ran e
A s s at n ,
Br g g s
12 3
Mer mae, The, 2 5
Mesner v S u ff lk Bank, 2 1,
Messeng er, The, 2 10
Me r k, W a erb ur
32
M ller 0 Kell , 23
M ner a, The, 6 1, 8 9
M nn ehaha , The, 38 , 4 2, 4 3, 4 7 ,
13 8 , 15 9, 16 0
M ss u r , The, 13 5
Mi ss u r s C arg , The, 13 7
M b il e, The, 17 2
Mon tg omery v The T P L ea hers,
20
M rni n g S tar, The, 112
M un ai neer, The 10 8
Mu l g ra e, The, 8 5 , 20 4
Mullhous e, The, 136 , 142

115

y
y
y

to

o
c

o
o ci i o

i
i
i

ty

y ic

'

i o i
o i
o

NA TH A NI E L Hoorns , The, 31, 8 6,

10 7 , 110
Nau tilus , The, 2 0 3
Ne ptu n e, The, 19, 7 4, 139
Newman 12 Wal ters, 2 5 , 3 4,
15 6
Ni cholaa s W z en , The, 10 6
N h ls n
Ch apman , 143, 15 6
Ni lai He n r h, The, 8 4, 143,
160
N li na, The, 2 7 , 104, 106, 10 9,
112 , 2 02
Norden ,l The, 4 , 2 7 , 2 8
Nordsj ernen , The, 162
N rma, The, 8 9, 90, 91, 93
.

ic o o
co

i co

North A merican, The, 168 , 17 0,

2 02
N rth Car l in a, The, 12 9, 13 4
N rth Car li na, The S h n er,
H u s man
97
N rth S tar, The, 2 02
Northard v Pi p er , 17 4
N rway, The, 16 8
N s tra S en ra d el Carmin e, 16 7
Nu a Loan ese, The, 99, 10 0
Nymphe, The, 2 0 2

o
o

c oo

'

o
o

ov

it

i ic

OCE A N The 12
O ctavi a The 137
,

O rb ona, The, 8 5
s ar , The, 8 9

Oc
Otto Hermann

'

o
o t

or CA S E S

144

The, 35

77

PA orrra, The, 142


Pa in t, The J G , 8
Pa ris , The, 106 , 2 0 4
Patten, Bla k e
10 7
Pa u l , The, 92
Pea e, The, 92, 93, 12 1
Pearl De e, The, 4
Peerl es s , The, 17 0
Pens a la, The, 117
Pen tnck et, The, 15
Perag i o S l p, D u lan ey v The 37
,
Pericl es , The, 4, 43
Perl a , The, 106 , 108 , 110, 14 0
Pers ia, The, 2 , 3 4
Pers i an, The, 94
Per th, The, 8 1
Petr el, The, 16 3
a
m
m, The, 4, 97 , 98 , 116,
.

co

oo

Phila delphia , The, 17 6


Phi lli ps
McCal l , 22
Pi kwi k, The, 2 8 , 60, 65
Pi per, N rthard
17 4
P ntia , The, 6 , 8
P rtia, The, 2 9

o
o

74

TA

BL

Prendevil l e v The S team Navi


g a ti o n Cc , 207
Pri d e of Canad a, The, 104, 10 6,
117
Pr in ce of Wales, The, 7 , 15 , 5 7
Prin cess A li ce, The, 3 9, 45 , 17 5
Prin es s Helena, The, 111, 118 ,
.

OF

CA SES

xi ii

Rosa lie, The, 14, 31, 5 0


Ros ali nd, The, 9
Ros eb au g h The 33, 3 5 , 3 6
Royal W i lli am, The, 143
Row e v Brig
, 5 8
Ru tlan d, The, 8 9
,

1 s

Prins Frederik , The, 8 1, 12 7 ,


140
Pri or, Tyso n
5 8
Pr og ress, The, 90
Pr operty Derel i c t, The King
15
Pur iss i ma C oncepci on, The, 10,
4 7 , 4 9, 13 7 , 16 5
Pyrenee, The, 12 1

100,

17 3

Re triever The, 13
Re ward, The 2 , 4 4
Ric mond, The Bark,
,

g
i
3

Dexter

Rs ing Sun The, 112, 13 7


R M Mill s The, 94
Rob s on v The Hun tres s 5 3
Roe, The, 14, 109
.

co

S ala ia , The, 25 , 8 3, 8 9, 95 , 108 ,


112
Sam u el , The, 9, 6 1, 6 4, 92 , 100
S an Ni la, The, 12 7
S an some, The, 8 9, 98 , 109
S a nti p ore , The, 9, 7 3, 7 4
S app h , The, 13
Sarah, The, 7 7
S arah Bel l, The, 5 9, 8 8
S arah Jan e, The, 98 ,
S ara t g a , The, 13, 41, 43, 8 3
S h ner J hn Wurts, The, 10
Hyer,
S h ner Wa e, The, V
37
S hwalb e, The, 17 0
S ci n d ia, The, 8 7 , 2 06
S ea ma n v The E rie R
ail way Co ,
15
Seli na, The, 93
S hann n, The, 8 1
S hi p Can ada, The, 8
S hi p Jam es, The, 97
S hi p W arren, 37
S i de b otham, Lau rence
85
S il er Bull i n, The, 17 , 5 3, 115 ,
116
S ims
The El iz ab eth and J ane ,
62
S ir Ral ph A b ercr mb ie, The, 2 7 ,
8 6 , 104, 106
Small
The G od s, 114
62
S mith, The British Consul
S phi e, The, 6 1
S erei g n , The, 17 2, 2 05
S peed, The. 17 0
.

111

o
c oo
c oo

R
RA M ! or S PA RS A 15
Raikes The 4, 8 1, 90
Raj asthan The 15 10 6
Ra ng er, The, 5 , 6 204
Ra pi d The, 5 0 94
Be d Ro ver, The 29, 4 6
Hu ssey, 2 0
Re ed
Reg in a del Mare, The 16 4
17 4
Reid McA ll u m
Rel iance The, 8 9
Rep u l se, The, 97 , 10 0
Resu ltate t The, 98 , 99,

Q UA NTI TY or I RO N A 6 5
Q u een, The, 13
Q ueen Mab , The, 5 3, 6 4
,

S A B I NA The, 93
S A Bo i ce , The, 136
S ai n t Ni cholas, The, 104, 106,

o
ov

xiv

TA

Spirit

the A g

of

BL

OF

The, 2 7 , 8 3,
103, 106 , 111, 112
S tar, The, 21, 2 3
St mb oat T P Leathers , The,

?7

e,

S team Navig a tion Co , Pren de


vil le 2 07
S tell a, The, 90, 199
S tewart, The, 113
S t Catherin e, The, 16 4
S t Lawren ce, The, 2 0 2
.

CA S E S

Triu mph, The, 2 0


Tru e Blu e, The, 8 6, 8 7 , 95 , 98,
99, 106 , 2 0 7
Two Ca therines, The, 20
Two Frien d s, The, 19, 2 2, 3 0,
10 4, 113, 15 6
Pri r, 5 8
Tys n

S t Peters b u rg h, The, 6 1
S t Petre, W ilk ie v The, 6 2
Su ol k I ns C o , W ill ia ms v The
2
Su sannah, The, 2 02
S wan, The, 2 9
S wanla n d, The, 17 3
S W D wn s , The, 9
S ylph, The, 16 5 , 17 0
Syrian, The, 90
.

U K , The, 4 2
Undau nted, The, 5 , 7 , 8 , 9, 15
Un d er writer, The, 8 , 7 3
Uni on , The, 16 4
Up n or, The, 2
Uran ia, The, 16

Tu r n
Seaman , 2 , 8 0
Tamara c, The, 16 8
Tayl or v Carryl, 16 3
Tayl or
S hip Cato, 20
Tees, The, 15 , 106
Temi scouata, The, 161, 16 7
The od ore, The, 97 , 10 0
Theti s, The, 5 0, 6 1, 8 6 , 8 9, 10 9,
141
Thomas A Scott, The, 8 1
Thomas Blyth, The, 8 3
Thomas Fielden, The, 8 0, 8 9
15 6
Thompson, Cas tellaine
Three Hundred and Forty Pi g s of
10 0
Copper, Bearse
T P Leathers, The, 2 0, 2 9 3 7 ,
62
To w n, The, 129, 146 , 149, 16 9
Tra vel ler, The, 2
Trela wney, The, 16
Trem ont, The, 17 7
Trident, The, 2 02
Tritoni a, The, 144
'

V A NG UA RD, The, 8 2, 110


V arg a s , The . 17 5
V ersa illes, The, 2, 8 0
V es ta , The, 4 8 , 8 9, 12 2, 2 10
V i t r, The, 16 1, 16 8
V i ne, The, 2 7 , 112, 2 04
V i rg il , The, 17 0
V lant, The, 16 7
V red e, The, 19, 2 5
V r u w Marg aretha , The, 10, 17 2

co

r nns,

6
Ward e

Ne wman

25

3 4,

La Bell e Creole, 6 2
Warren, The, 3 7
W arri r , The, 19, 2 1, 2 2
Waterb ury a) Meyri k, 32
Wa terl , The, 2 9, 10 7 , 112
W att, The, 2 7 , 47
W ear Pack et, The, 130, 133
W s n i ns ter, The, 2 , 10, 93, 97
,
l
Westm rel an d , The, 163
W hite Star, The, 3 8 , 4 7
Wig t wn s hire, The, 8 3
0

oo

egi

A B LE OF C A S E S

Wilhelmin e The 2
Wilki e v The S t P et re 62
W illi am The 17 2 2 02 2 03
W m B e kfor d The 7 7
Willi am B ra ndt The 39 4 4
William B ran dt J u ni or The
,

2 05

39,

40

Will iam Hamil ton The


Willia m B u tt The 16 4
Wi lliam and J ohn The
,

22
i so

W illiams v The Carg o of the


A dolphe 5 8
W ill ia ms v S u f olk Ins u ran e Co
.

XV

W l ns The 5 0
Woodhall Atki ns on
,

89

98 , 15 9,

198 , 199
i iam us i g o , The, 95 , 99
Wm
n , The, 113
5
Wm
ard , The, 3 4
il iams v
Box o f
u io ,
86

L hn t n
P en
W
W l
A

YO UNG JAME S

W ll

The, 160
Z

10 4

B ll n

a
Z

m, The, 2 9, 2 04

eph yrus
n

The, 5

L AW

THE

SALV A G E

OF

C H APTE R I

N A TU R E O F THE SE RV I C E A ND IN W H A T C ASES
SA LV A G E R E M U N E RA TION I S P A Y AB L E
,

w ord sal vag e i s g e n erally us ed to e x p re ss C H R 1


b o th the pro p e rty save d an d the remun e ration p ay
ab l e to th o s e who h ave re s c u e d i t I n the la tte r
s e n s e an d the o nly one in w hi ch i t h as to be con
i t m ay be s h o rtly de s cri b e d a s a n
s idere d he re
allo wan ce m ad e ro r savi n g a s hip or g ood s or b o th
fro m the d am ag e s o f the s e a s re p irate s o r e n e
m ie s (a )
I t m ay be l ai d do wn as a g e n e ra l rul e s u bj ec t to In g red i e t
f lv g e
c e rtai n e x ce p ti o n s w h i ch W i ll b e p re s e n tly n o ti c e d
th at th e pl ai n tiffs i n a sal v ag e s ui t w ill be re qu ire d
t o e s tab li s h :
T he fa ct th a t the ve s s e l p rocee de d a gain s t
w as i n dan g e r or dis tre ss ;
Th at the sal vors re nd ere d her assi s ta n ce ;
TH E

n s

an d

h hei eff

T at t
( a)

P a rk

on

e e s e ssful
r n ce
ed p
s w

ort

In s u

u cc

7 th

2 14

sa

C RA P I
.

an

ss

t a

ss o r

A LV A G E

D i s tr ess o
f V es s e l

tre
eri
e en i l
i n g re d i ent

Dis
l
p

OF

LA W

THE

es

p e ril o f s o me kin d to the ve ss e l re


ceivin
g assi s ta n ce i s o bv io u s ly a n e ce s s ary i n g re di e n t
i n a s al v ag e s e rvi ce ( b) ; b u t o n ce a di s tre ss o r p e ri l
w h i ch e l ev a tes the s e rvice s p e rfo rm e d to th e di gn ity
sh own to h ave e xi s te d i ts
o f sal v ag e s e rv i ce s i s
ex ten t is a matte r wh ich h owe v er imp ortan t its
be arin g m ay be up on the a mount of remu ne ratio n
do e s n o t affe ct the n atu re o f the s e rvice

A ccordin g to the p rin ci pl e s wh ic h are re cogn iz e d

s ay s
in thi s C ou rt in qu e s ti on s o f thi s de s crip ti o n
Dis tr

or

tent
i re

Ex
d st

of

ss.

ag g
T he M a ry, 1 W Rob 4 48 ; The Up n or , 2
37 1
ag g
3 ; The P rsi a , 1 S pin s , 16 6 ; The Tr a veller, 3
3 44
A m ri an as of The
The Gi a como, I
A n d s ee
In a as
pla in tiff,
A n a stas i a , 1 Ben ed A dm 166
w ho w a s a p a s s n g r on
oar
an I ali an v s s l b o u n d to
m et wi
Ne w Y or , all g
a
ss l
a i ng
ol
an d
a
rs win s ,
ir day , w n
ap ai n , o n the w n
pro i s io ns and wa r w r g ing s o r , al ou g the ss l
w as
n w i in ir m il s o f Li rpool , N o a S o i a, an
n oun ced hi s in
n ion of p u ing ha for B rm u a ,
por
a
h r eu pon
ro m w i
sail d , an d
pla in iff oo
s s l an d
a rri
r in o Li rpool, and
a rg
of
i to hi s li
a i
is had n ot n d on
pla i nti tf s a

S ee

the
e c c e
th t c e the
e e
b d
t
e e
k e ed th t the ve e h v
th c d
dve e d the c t
t e ty th d
he the
v
te e e ett
h t th h
ve e
the
th th ty
e
ve
v ct
te t
tt
ck e d the t
f
h ch he
e
th t t e
the
t t k
ch e the ve e
c ed he t ve
the
t ted t be
be ef th t f th
bee
e
the ve s el wo ld have been los t It was he ld tha t no sal va g e
The ve el h d su ffe r ed
obs er v in g
w as d e B en ed i ct J
d c r e w w er e i n
o inj ry from t r e ss of w ea the r the mas te r
the ord in ary cre w of su c h
g o d he lth s f c i en t in n m be r f
f n av i g at i n w o ld d ou bt
a ve s el an d al th o g h the ir meth od
l es b e fa from satisf ctory t mo t A me ri can s ea men the y
w ere c ompeten t a fte r their fas h i on a d in their o w ti me to
complete the voyag e It i the
ref re not a cas e w her e the
e xtra rd in ary re medy wh i ch the libellan t clai ms to ha ve
r esorted to was n e c es s ry for the s al vat i on of the ve s el
S ee
67
a ls o The E l i ra G ilpin 6 0
( 0 ) The Cha r l tte 3 W Ro b 7 1 S ee als o M arvi n 10 8 ;
The Reward l W R b 17 4 ; The We tmi n ster I d 2 2 9 ; The
W il h lmi e 1 N otes f C s es 3 7 6 ; The Eu g e ie 3 I d 43 0
The H a bm g er l 6 J u ri t 7 2 9 ; and the f llowin g A meri ca n
cases z Ta lbot v S eemA nl h1 Co 1dcb 1 ; The V e s i ll s 1
C rti s 35 3 The Brig p o s
37 8
The I d ep en d e n ce
2 Id 35 0
d

or

an

ss

a'

ra n

r a

ING RE DI E NTS OF

A LV A G E

I CE

S E RV

e vi e s n de e d s e a a C
v ss e l i di s e ss salva e e vi e s I i
n e e sa y I n eive ha h di s e
h uld be
i mm e di e
a al
h a h d nge sh uld be
i mmi n e n
d bs l
i wi ll be s f ie n t if
h
im e h as i a n e i
e nde e d h ve s l h as
n e e d y dam ag
m is f
un e hi h m igh
h
p ssib ly e x p
d e s u i n if h s e vi e s
we e
e n d e e d ( d)
I
an h
a e ( ) w he e h ve ss e l p ee de d
again s bein g
a da n g e s
as i un s e le d
w e he w i h i n s f i e n g n d kle
d h
i n dl ass
d h
s e pi p e di s b le d w as w e d i n
h s me l e a n e d j d ge he l d h s e vi e
p
be
f sal v g e b s e vin g
T he s h ip w as e ainly
i
he
d nge
b
h
y i mm e di
h nd s he
a m s p e i l s as h w e a he
un s e l d
d if g l h d
h
h e
m
h ve b e i n ide bl dange f m h
f s f i e n g un d a k l e
w
d h di b l e d
n di i n f h h w s e pi p e d in dlass
E
h ugh a ve ss el h s us ain e d
el
d m g
p i i n f e n abl e n er
if h i i
y
c
ie n t
pp ehe n si n f a ual dan ge assi s an e n de e d
h
n de
h i m n e will be f h n a u e
f a sal v g e s e v e ( f )
Dr L us in g to n all
.

tr

c s

c tu

co

co u

an

n ot r

n ot

ust

v en

ro u

a e

ta c

on

ou

co

t, t

s et o n

e s

or

t e

sa

os

ot

ro

an

to t

an

to

u t,

as

et

to

to

r,

ra

ro

er

an

co

er

tt

c rt

t,

t e

e,

an

t o

co

roc

wa s on

tt

an t

ate

at

en

co

an

w as

aw

no t

se

ro u

no

r a

r as o

A pp re
h en s i on of
da g
s u i
.

to

er u

ct

r su c

r ic

p ost

The A lbio n ,

r,

s ta

c rcu

c s

W Rob 7 1
L sh 2 8 2 S ee also
u

re

t r

(d ) The Cha r lotte, 3

( e)

S al vag e b

Tu g s ,

It erta inl i s a m is take as t the law o f salvag e to


s ppos e th a t in o rde r to
on s t i t u te a sal vag e s er vi e a ve ss e l
mus t be in a t al d a n g e r a t the t i me w he n the s erv i es a
ren dered to he r The d n g er may be proba bl e or i mmin en t
w h i h may wa rran t the C o rt ac ord i g to the v a r ing ir u m
tan e s oi ea h as e in award ing a sal vag e re m un e ra ti on
( f)

c
c

c c

o
,

HAR

ct o

an

o ne

tr

ort

to

or

on

r,

ort,

ss

tr

to

er c

ot

at

er

t t

at

ose

re

t t

or

an

o u te ;

s st

at

are

or

c
y cc

re
,

"

LAW

THE

CH

AP

SA LV AG E

or

he deg e f p e il f m whi h ve ss el i
e d i s h w le s by h pi i f wi ne s e s w h s e
j dgme nts
f en w p ed by in e e s
by a n
han by h fa ts f h as e su h
li t
p it l l
as h ve ss e l s p si i n h s ta e f h i de
u se
d s t e n g h f h wi n ds
d th k n wl e dg e
i gn an e f th dan g e s f h l ali y
h pa
f h se i
h a ge ( g ) d whe e h e w f th
ve ss el p eeded g in e eive s s ang e hands
b d keep s them he e d ake s h be n e t f
hei s e i e s ha f will be s me e iden e f th
ve s el bein g i di e s (h)
Ri s k t th salv s m y be sai d
be mainly f
i mp
an e as i g hei emun e i n I
i ly e nh an e
h
me i
f h s e vi e s the y
ende d e n i le s hem t a highe ewa d than
hey w uld he wis e e eive b t i i
a
sa y ele me n i s lv ag e
T

r e o

ro

res

'

yw

po_

e s

cu

are o

es

ce

oca

an

or

rv c

ort

al

ss

ot

t nc
t
il f
i ered
a ss i s

iu

06 1

l it

cl

'

e
e

or

t e

on

cr

rt

on

to

r c

ra t o

r r

r r

ne

s n ot

neces

The
c tu a

t e

e ct n

tt

an

an

or

co

tr

act

c s

r,

ces s ar

st r c

or

t e t

oc

e c

an

s tr s

e enti

an

t,

roc

o ar

t o

ar

e,

n on o

e o

a s s s ta n ce r en

b e e e
ve e e e
e
h eve e
h h
e
e
ve b he
e

der ed

v h
e
ve e
h ve bee
e
e
v e
be

It is

a solut ly s s ntial t a t the s al o r s s oul d


ha
r n d r d actu al ass i s ta n c to the
s s l in di s
tr s s and ow
r gr at m a
n the p ri l to
y a
w ic the p rop rty w as x p o s d if it wa s n o t in fa ct
sa
d y t ir i n s trum n tali ty n o s al ag
can
,

P e r S ir Ro bert Philli more The A ztecs 2 1 L T N S 7 97


Se e also The Ra sh es 1 H g g 2 4 6 The Ph tom L R 1 A d
5 8 ; a d s ee the A m eri a n as e The J osep h C G rag g s 1
,

c c

an

B ened A dm 8 0
A m ri an as s, The P ar l
(9) M ar in , 109, i ing
D ec, 5 A R 2 32 The El vi ra , G ilpin, 60
( h) The B omars un d , L us 7 7
u g m n of Dr L us i ng o n, The P ricl es , B
8 0,
81
S ee al s o The B oma rs wnd , L us
7 7 ; The No rd n, 1
Bp inks , 18 5
T N S 232
The B a rns ( Irish) , 2 ;
.

ct

the

c c

h
h t
.

J d

e t

h
L
.

L
e

TNG RE D I E NTS

OF

SA L

VA G E

ERVI C E

allo wed h ow e v e r benevolent m ay have bee n the ir


i ntent io n s or h er oi c t heir conduct ( h)
The m e re fa ct of a ve s s el i n d is tre s s hav ing been
ulti m ate ly s aved doe s not of i t s el f e ntitle tho s e w ho
go out for the purpo s e o f rendering as s is tance to
s alvage re m une ra ti o n
They m u s t p ro v e t hat t hey
re n de red a ctu a l
as s is tance w hich contributed or
m i gh t ha ve co n t ri buted to s ave the p rope rty
In

all t he s e c a s e s
ob s erve s D r L u s hi ngton the rs t
con s iderati on i s w he t he r any s e rv ice ha s actually
been rende red by th e p arty w ho cl aims the reward
If au v s alvage s e rvi ce h a s been r ende red i t may be
t hat pe rs on s who h a ve exe rted the m s elve s to aecom
pli s h the s e rv i ce th ough th ey we r e not s o fo rtun ate
a s to co m e up in ti m e m a
y be let in c o lla te rally to
a s h ar e but I am not awa re o f any ca s e i n w hi c h
h owe v e r m e rito ri ou s th e ex e rti on o r great the ris k
t he C ou r t ha s t aken u p o n i t s el f to aw ard any re
m u n eration unl es s a ctu al as s i s tance w a s con fe rred
upon the party p roceeded again s t I t is not a que s
ti on wh et he r a t any tim e the re w a s d ange r o r not ;
i t i s not a q u e s ti on w hethe r the s a l v o rs ris ked the i r
p rope rty an d the ir live s b ut the foundat ion o f the
j uris di cti on and a utho ri ty o f the C ourt is s e rvice
Upon t his p rinc iple i t wa s
a ctually
held in a cas e wh e re the c rew o f a lugge r w ent
out at con s i derable ri s k and in s eve re w e a the r fo r
the pu rpo s e o f a ss i s ting a ve s s el w hi c h was in a
dange rou s si tuati on near the Hal es b oro u g h S and off
,

'

1 W Rob 3 2 9, 33 0
S ee al s o The A tla s ,
1 Lu s h 5 18 , 5 21 The Ra ng er , 9 ur is t, 119 The E d wa rd
H a wki n s , 1 Lu h 5 15 , 5 16 ; The Un d a u/n ted , Id 90 92 ;
Ad 4
Mar i n, 110
The Cheta h, 3 9 L
( l) The Ra ng er , 3 Notes of Cas es , 5 8 9 5 90

( 76 ) The Z ep hyr us ,

am

(i

LAW

THE

HA P I
.

OF

SA L

VA G E

coas t o f No rfolk an d had e v en a ctually touched


the s an d but ha d got fre e fro m i t be fo re the lugge r
app ro ached her th at the allege d s alvo rs n otw ith
s tanding th e ri s k t h ey encounte red were enti tled to
no s alvage re m une rati on
S o m e o f the deci s i on s o f th e A m e rican C ou rt s
h ave been g o ve rned by the s am e p rinc iple
Thu s i n
th e c a s e o f the b rig D odg e H ea ly ( n) w h e re a ve s s el
w as oating down the D elaware B ay i mbedded i n a
eld o f i ce and w as tempo rarily de s e rted by her
crew who fe ared she w o uld s t rike upon certain
and be ove rwhel me d by the ice and the
sh oal s
plai ntiffs boarded her and claimed s alvage on the
p retence th at they had cut away the ice but i t w a s
s h own th at the ve s s el avoi ded the s ho a l s i m p l y b v
drifting in a n o the r directi on wi th out the ag ency o f
the plai ntiffs i t wa s held th at th e ve ss el had not
bee n s aved by their e xe rti on s an d tha t th ey we re
con s equently not enti tled to s alva ge ( a)
the

A m e ri an

cs s

d e i i on

S u ccess

s lv g
s vi c
m st h v
Th e
er

a e

a e

een su c

c es s fu l

I t m ay
the m ai n

a general rule be s tated that s ucce s s i s


ground upon whi ch a claim fo r s al vage
m u s t re s t (p )
The reward i s for benet actu ally
confe rred i n th e p re s e rvatio n o f p rope rty and not
for m e rito ri ou s s ervi ce s alon e
I f h oweve r a
ve s s el in dis tre s s accept s the s ervi ce s of s trange
as

Wh

ere

or

s lv s
vc s
i

s er

are

( m) The Rang er ( u bi

s up ra

See al s o The Cheta h, 3 8 L

Ad 4
.

(n )
(0 )

Was h

65 1
S ee al s o T he P on ti a c, 1 Ne wb erry, A d
The A l a ba mi a n , 2 A R 2 5 4
( p ) The L ockwood s , 9 uri t, 10 17
( q) The I ndi a , 1 W Rob 406
.

Rep

130

a nd

I N G RE D IE N TS
b an ds

0 F SA L

VI C E

VA G E

SER

uc h s e rvice s are i n the n at ure o f s alvage Ca m I


even alth ough the wo rk done m ay be o f no great cc p t d
di f culty or 1mportance ( r) ; an d i f the s alvors th tiytl d t
b P
a re actually e n
I n s tead o f be i ng m e re v o luntee rs
S w:
g aged by the s hi p i n di s tre s s they a re enti tled to th s lv
be pai d for the e fforts they m ak e notwi ths tand ing
their labours m ay p rove o f no benet Thus where
a ve s s el whi ch had i n a gale of wi nd parted both
her anch or s reque s ted a s te a m e r to p r oceed to the
neare s t p ort and b ring o ff an an ch o r and cable and
the s teame r engaged tw o lugge rs fo r thi s pu rpo s e
whi ch however d i d not reach the ve s s el be fo re s he
got to a place o f s afety it w as held that the lugge rs
a s well as th e s tea m e r we re enti tled to s alvage
A n d wh e re a v e s s el afte r h av ing s u s tai ned damage
fro m a collis i on w hi c h carri ed away her miz en m as t
miz en boo m m ai n top m as t and m ai n top s ail yard
and s m ashed her w heel lay a t anch or in the S win
the m a s ter havin g atte m pted w i th out s ucce s s to put
i nto port fo r repai rs ; the m a s te r th en ente red i nto
an agreement w ith th e crew o f a lugge r to take the
ve ss el into H arwi ch H arbour and place her in a
p roper berth fo r 3 0 the s alvors m a de eve ry p os
s i ble effort to ful l th ei r cont ract but i n con s equence
of a s udden c h ange i n th e wi nd i t bec am e im po s s i ble
for th em to reach H arwi c h and th ey took the ve s s el
back to an anch o rage not far from where they ori gi n
all y found her and re m ained on boar d during that
s

a re
e

en

e re

'

A s to the e id en e neces
udg men t of Lord
u est for as is tan ce , s ee the
sary to pro e a re q
Ki ng s down, The A n n a polis , L u h 3 5 5 , 3 7 5
( a) The Un d a u/nted , Lu h 90 See als o The Prm ce of
Wal es, 6 Notes of Ca ses , 3 9 The E U , The A zte s, 21 L
N S 7 97 1 S pi nks, 6 3

(r ) The

B oma r swnd , L u s h 7 7
.

ors

LAW

THE
( M AP

OF

SA L

VA G E

n ight and next m orni ng as s is ted the cre w i n h eaving


up the anc ho r The we a t he r s ub s equently m ode rat
in g the ve s s el w as n avi gated up to G rave s end by h er
own c rew wi th out furthe r a s s is tance fro m the s alvo rs
A s u i t fo r s alvage ha vin g been b ro ugh t i t w a s con
tended on behal f o f the owne r of the ve s s el that no
s alva ge s ervi ce w a s pe rfo rm ed and th at th e agree
m ent not hav ing been fullled the s alvo rs we re di s
enti tled to an y re mune rati on I t w as h el d h oweve r
by the C ourt o f A d miralty on appe al from the
C ounty C our t th at the s alvors ha vi ng b e en eng aged
and having pe rfo rm ed their engage m ent as fa r as i t
was po s s ible to pe rfo rm i t we re enti tled to be r e m u
n erate d an d the C ourt awarded th e m 4 0 w i th co s t s
I f a ve s s el in a gale o f w i nd hail a s team er to
lie by her to take her in tow if requi red an d the
s team e r do s o
even s hould the s hip ride out the
gal e s afely w i thout the as s is tance o f the s te am e r the
latter w ould neverthel es s be enti tled to s alvage
Upon the s a m e p ri nc iple i n th e A m eri c a n ca s e
The P on ti a c ( a ) s alvage w as decreed to pe rs on s wh o
ha d been actually engaged to re nde r s e rvi ce s w hic h
di d not in the re s ult cont ri bute to the s afety o f the
ve s s el I n that cas e the s te a mbo at Pon ti a c w a s
i mbedded in a go rge of ice i n the O hi o ri ve r and i n
a condi tion o f g reat pe ril and the s alvo r at the re
que s t of the m as te r and owne r both o f w ho m w i th all
the p as s enge rs and m any o f the o ffi ce rs and c rew le ft
the ve s s el took c harge of her i n pl a ce o f the m a s te r
,

L y in g b y

A m eri

an

d ccrs mn s

J u dg ment of Dr L shing to The U d au ted u bi sup r a


A nd ee t he A meri can c s es The S hi p C a na d a Bee 90 ; The
Un d erwrite 4 Blatch C C 94 The J G Pa i n t 2 Bened
( t)

(u )

'

r,

17 4

n,

Newb erry

13 0

I N G RE DI E N TS

OF

SA L

VA G E

VI C E

SER

an d wa s

S)

enj o ined to s a ve her if po s si ble The ve s s el C R I


w a s n ally s av e d b y t he p r ovi dent ial break ing u p o f
the i ce
I t w as held th a t the fact t hat the exe rti on s
o f th e s alvo r did not s a v e the s te am e r
s h e be ing
nal ly s a v ed by the parti cula r manne r in w hic h the i ce
b roke up di d not dep rive him o f s alvage re w ard
I f part o f a s alv a ge s e rv i ce i s pe rfo rmed by one Wh
s lv s
and th e s al v age i s afte rward s com b g i
s et of s alvo rs
i c w hi ch
pleted by oth e rs the rs t s e t ar e e nti tled to rew ard th s m
pl t
p r o ta n to fo r the s e rvi ce s which t hey actually ren
der ( y ) and t hi s even alth ough the p a rt they took
s t and i ng by i t s elf w ou l d not i n fact
have e ffected
the s alvage ( z )
Thu s w he re th e c rew s o f a lifeboat
and lugge r m ade great an d m e ri tori ous exe rtion s to
s a v e a s hi p an d cargo b u t we re at lengt h co m pelled
to ab andon her an d s he w a s afte rward s found and
the rs t s alvo rs we re unde r
s a ved by a s tea m e r
the ci rcu m s tance s h e l d to be enti tled to s a lva ge ( a)
A n d w he re a ve s s el got on the rock s o ff Folke s tone
and received a s s is tance fro m s om e s m all boat s whi ch
we re un able to get her o ff and a tug s te am e r al s o
t ri ed i n v ain an d a l ar ge pa s s enge r s tea m e r to w ed
her o for a few mi nute s w hen the haw s e r b roke
beca me a w reck but
an d
s he went a s ho re and
her cargo v a lued at a large a m ount w as s aved
i t w as held th at the bo a t s c rew s a s well as the
we re enti tled to participate i n the s alvage
s team e rs
aw arded ( 5 )
AP

en

or

n a ser

er

e e

'

S e e al s o The S W D own s, 1 Ne wb err y, 45 8


( y ) The S a muel , 15 J ur 4 0 7 The Un d a u n ted , 1 L u s h 90
( 2 ) J u dg men t of S i r J ohn Col eridg e, The A tl a s, Lus h 5 18
5 27
S ee a lso The J ong e B a sti a a n , 5 C Rob in on, 3 2 3
S ee a ls o The Gen ess ee, 12
( a ) The E U , 1 S pi nks , 63
J u r 4 0 1 The Ros a li n d ( Ir i h ca se ), 12 L T N S 5 5 3
( b) The S a n ti p ore, 1 S p i n ks, 2 31 S ee al s o The Mag d a len,
.

co

10

THE L A W

O F SA L

VA G E

I f h owever the rs t set o f s alvor s abandon the


I
enterp ris e cam a ni mo non r ever ten di befo re i ts
O th w i s
wh
st
s ucce s s ful co mpleti on they will h ave no legal cl ai m
t b
d
to s alvage ; and i f the abandonm ent i s volu n taril v
m a de w i thout any advantage bei ng taken of th e ir
nece s si ti e s by a s econ d s et s uch s econd s et m ay
i nte rvene and s ave the p rope rty and enti tle t h em
s elve s to the rew ard to the exclu s i on o f the rs t
although they afterward s return and clai m to re
engag e i n the s ervi ce ( c)
Can

er

en

se

a an

I ns tan ces
T

an

ship

m en t

S a l vag

S er vice

look s wi th jealou sy o n
s alvage by tran s hi p m ent as leading to decepti on on
owners and underwri te rs ( d ) and wi ll refus e to re
gard m e re tran ship m ent o f cargo by i ts el f as a s al
vage s e rvice ; b u t if the cargo be i n any d ange r
at the ti me then the s ervice as s um e s a s al v age
charac te r and tho s e rende ri ng i t are ent i tled to
be rewar ded as s al v ors ( e)
I t i s doubtful wh ethe r the me re giv ing o f advi ce
or info rmation as to loc ali ty even to a fo reign ve s s el
s pecial ly i f the ve s s el p roceeded a ain s t was i n no
g
actual di s tre ss at the tim e or requi red only p ilotage
as s is tance wi ll enti tle the per s on giving i t to s alvag e
The C ourt

of

A d miralty
,

vc

Ad i

3 1 L J A d 22 ; The Coromand el , S wa 2 05 ; The A tl as,


L us h 5 18
( ) The I ndi a , 1 W Rob 40 6 S ee al s o Mar in, 142, a nd
t he A meri a n as es, S cho on er J ohn Wa rts, 1 O lcott, R 4 6 2
S u m 4 00
The H enry Eu ba n k,
( d ) The H op e, 3 Hag g 42 3, 424
( e) The Westmi ns ter, 1 W Rob 2 2 9; The Colu mbi a , 3 Ha g g
S ee also The Pu ri ss i ma Con cep ci on , 3 W Ro b 18 1 ;
428
and The Carg o Ea; Honor, L R 1 Ad 8 7
.

I NS TA NCE S

OF

SA L

VA G E

VI C E

SE R

11

eward (f ) If h ow ever the a dvice i s acco mpani ed C H A R


by ente rp ri s e o r ris k o n the p art o f tho s e giving i t A d vi c
the s e rv i ce will be h eld to be one o f s alvage
Th u s b
y
whe re a c re w o f s al v ors whil s t c ruis ing out side the 1
c ro s s s and betw een C ais to r and Y arm outh on the lo o k
o u t for ve s s el s requ i ri ng p ilot s o b s erve d a ve s s el unde r
all s ail goin g be fo re the wind an d s tee ring fo r the
c ro s s s and the w i nd at the ti me blowing s trong fro m
the eas t and a con s i de ra bl e s ea on
They bo re down
upon the ve s s el s i gn alling her a s they app roac hed to
warn her o f her dange r b ut notwiths tanding s he ran
upon the s and and hois ted a s ignal o f d is t re s s
The s alvo rs th en cam e up a n d lay o ff the edge o f
the s and and got out th e i r boat but a s the sea w a s
break ing on th e s and so as to rende r i t d ange rou s to
a tte mpt goi ng along s i de th e b ri g
they hailed the
b ri g to haul in her po rt b race s an d to s t arboard her
hel m
Thi s a dvi ce was s ho rtly afterward s com pli ed
wi t h a nd the b ri g cam e o ff the s and upon whi c h
s he ha d been about an h our and th en h ove to fo r
the s alvo rs boat to co m e along s i de
The s alvo rs
boarded wi th dii cul ty an d in do ing so s tove in
th eir boat They found the ve s s el m ak ing wa te r
and gave the ma s te r i n s tructi on s to s teer so a s to
keep clear o f the s and They offe red to take the
v e s s el i nto
H arwi ch but the m as te r re fu s ed any
fu rth e r a s s i s tance and th ey th en le ft
Upon t he s e
r

'

'

( f ) The L ittle J oe, Lu s h 8 8 The V r ou w M a rg aretha 4


Ro bin s on 103
S ee ho wever the A meri can case The
.

C
,
,
,
,
A meri a n I ron (Jo
J ohns on , 1 Blatc hfo rd a H 3 0 , where
J udg e Bette s tate d i t as his o pin ion, that i f a sal or w ere to
g i e the ma ter of a ess el w arni ng of a reef u p on whi h he was
ru nn i n g , an d i f the ma ter i n
u en e s hou l d
han g e hi s
on s eq
o urs e a n d a oi d the r eef, that the w arni ng w oul d consti tu te a.
s al a g e s erv i e
.

v
c

12
am

t
of

s 1

n oran c e o

o lity

ca

'

ut

to

not, u

i na

t e

Ci

au

as

so

t e

Ci

t e

a t s ea

to t

tu t

s,

s,

a tt

s tan

ta

nt

as

u a

us

on v

as

o au

s tan

ut u n

at

ta

an

as t

sa

at o n

un

o r S AL A G E

o r held h t th ad ic e g ive n by th
salvor s c on rib e d
ve h ve ssel d aw rde d
he m al v ag e re m er i
Th ig n or a c e f h m
er i s ch a c e will
nder ord ry r c m tanc e s te n d t
g me
a ervi c e whe r e impl e p il o g e
r q ir ed
l w
in o o n e f s l v g e b
rc m ce
d r o her
ig n or anc e f l o c li y m y b a n impor n t m
e r (i )
b ec se
L hi g o n o b s erve
h
D
w he
h
q e s io n i
w o ld b h prob b l e f te f
?
ve sel circ m ced if c ompelle d t keep
h e n i re ig or nc e f h p r tie s a dd s
h
n at r l d ng er f h si a io n i whi ch h i
pl c e d
Per s on wh c mm i c te t a ve ss el
hi ch
b
s e q en ly re n der
l v g e s e v c e s th c o d o n f
h ve ss e l i di r
d h s le d t h
b ei n g
b r g r de d
a ve d a re
s l vor s Th s w he r
h m
er d c re w f hing b oat t s ome ri k
d dan g er b o r de d
ve se l i distre d
e m er which b s eq e ly
y d a me s g e
h
i
went t
c e he y w ere held
b
e nti l ed t salv g ( I) A d where a me eng er
ll d a di
c e f we lve mile for he p rp o e f
i
ce f
ve s el i di stre ss h
pro c ri g
de c ree d al v g e rem er io ( m)
I f o n e ve s e l a ve
o her from an impen di g

fa c ts the C

Effect
m a s te

LA W

TH E

e
s

o ui
tm g w th
lvor

C mm
ca

sa

s.

to

t e

as t

to

s tan

u nt

'

w as

an

tra

ss

or a

at

co n

to

un

an

su

ss

er

st a

i ti

as s s ta n

to

su

er a s s s tan

as

sa

ou

an

r i

ve e

S al vag e i n
ca s
of col
l is ion

an

an

ve

s t es s ,

sa

un

( h) The E li za , Lus h 5 36
n
( i ) The Ou mbcvl a/nd , 9 J nr 191,
( k) I bid
( l ) The Ocean 2 W Rob 91 S ee als o The Carri er Pig eon
.

'

4 I ri sh Juris t, N S 99 ; an d see the A meri can


A r cti c, Bee, 232
( m) The Eliz abeth Bi bby, 3 I ri sh Jurist, 2 5 7
.

cas ,

S hi p

INS TA NCE S

OF

SA L

VA G E

VI C E

SE R

13

olli io h will b e i le d
lv g e
B
w here c o lli i o h pp e b e w ee n
ve el d
bo h
b l me
h c re w f
ve el c o
lai m lv g e f re c ing p r f h c rg o o n b o rd
th o her
I f h w ever tho e re deri g
l v g e e r vi c e f e r
c o lli i o
h ve b ee n h i nn o c e
p rove d
he y
cl i m
l vo r
i le d
p r ie
c

n,

a re

to

sa

or

to

sa

ns

tw o

ss

on e

ut

ss

t e

s, a n

an n

to

as

nt

sa

f 2 5 & 2 6 V ic

s ec o

s a

the 3 3 rd

sa

n ot

s,

6 3 , whi ch

ve e l c omi g i c lli i h ob li
re eri g m l i nc e Th where
g i
ve el h Q
c m e i n o c olli i o w i h h
H
ib l
f
ve e l i
h
R
g
t i
d h ve e l he l d
b l me ( h Q
)
b e in g i
owe d b y h
p o i i o n f d g er w
e r ve el
w r de d
R i
i o p or
h l
lv g e
h
h
h C o r h o ldi n g
d ering
f
al v g e ervi c e
c h d
d er h ci r c m
b ee
ke
vol ry
f h c eg o ry f
m ere di ch rg e f p o i i ve d
ice
d b e c o me
a
lv r b y h
e df h
pon h
n e g l e c f wh ic h h w o ld h ve b ee p i h b l e ( p )
e co r g e l
Th C o r h o w ever i i di p o e d
v e it whi ch e g r f e d po c olli ion e pe
ervic e re dere d m ll
i lly w here h
i mp

oe

en t

a re

w iths ta n din g

to

a re

s,

nt

at o n

pon
of
nd
s u

ss

a nn

etr ever

sa

as s s ta

t,

an

ta

an

c st

ag

t,

are

35 5

The S a a a tog
'

L us h 3 18
.

S ee

lo

a s

or

are s

u tv

sa

u a

s er

un s

to

not

an

u n ta

a,

s ta tu t

es

u een

re n

t e

( )

at

s tan

sa

c a

su

out o

un

wa s

ss

t e

as

at

tu

att

u s,

t e

s on

to

'

to w

ss

nt

u tu a

ss

n to

u een ,

r ever, an

ss

The A n n ap o li s, I d

( o ) The Ca rg o ex Ca p el la L It 1 A d 35 6
( p ) The H a n n i ba l a nd The Qu een , L R 2 A d m 5 3
,

See

The S a pp ho, S w a 2 4 2
ud
e
u
L
s hi ng ton , The S app ho, u bl s u pra
m
n t o f Dr
J
g
( q)
S ee a ls o Th e H M H a yes, L us h 3 5 5 , where a ves s el w h i ls t a t
a no ther vess el that
a nchor w as i n da n g er o f be i n g r u n i n to b
ha d g on e adrift, a nd a s tea m t ug w as made fa s t to the la tter
vess el, and s o pre ented the collis ion, i t wa s held that the
.

CH A P

14

CH A P

u l

S pp y in g

m as te
m en

an d

The

or

su

to

ss

an

an t

ss

nt

to

nt

s a va

v c s.

s er

nt

n tan

a cco

ta

er

as

se

n a

ss

u st

us

t e t

ut

net s u

on

as t

su

at

an

xt n u s
s

t e

as t

an

at

a s on a

sse

en o n

on

es

to

et

an

an

an

as t

a,

s o wn s

ss

e r,

s s,

oa

at

sa

an

as t o

t w as

ta

er

; as s s t
as

e sa

st

as ,

t wa s

n et,

u s,

su

a,

s t on

t e

it

sa

s , an

to

to

on

an

an

to w,

en ,

n on

er

er

er

to

nt

an

ne

s a

an

at

on e o

an

orthan ded
die d or i

as

sa

o e,

nt

n ot

as t

e natu

an

tw o

that i s

ss

s a s r

ce
f th r
l ge
i e

a s hi p

VA G E

er ve el who e m er h
i ck i
e vic e i h
r e f lv g e ( ) Th
h hig h e
where h c re w f h R whil
d i ckn e
h vi g b ee n m ch re d c e d b y de h
n o her ve el h A bd ll
ppl ie d h d e ci e nc y
own c rew i
h e ld h
by
from m o g h
only he e m b t h r e of h c rew f h
lv g e
A d where h
A bd ll w ere e i l e d
h vi g m wi h
c omm der f H M hip Cyg
ve el h c o f A fric h m er
m e r ch
f h c re w w ere i c k
f whi ch
d
d h m e
i c m pe e
n v ig e h
rem ove d h m er
b r d hi
d ick e me
hi p
d p
hi
d h ree f hi
w m
b o rd
m
g n r
i hi own ve e l
d o cc i
lly k ing
p yi g h
h
i
d h
ili g m
er f h Cyg
b
eq e ly ook ch rg e f h ve l d br o g h h
h e ld h t h c mm n d er w
E gl d i
e i le d cl im lv g e b eh l f f him lf hi
ofce r d c rew i r pe c f ch ervi ce ( )
d p r op r y
S vi n g h li ve
b o rd
b rn i g
i in g
e i g i h h me i ve e l
hi p ( )
which h
ke r e b y po eo c omb i on d
owi g h i o por ( ) h owi g in o pl c e
a

n s tan

SA L

OF

pplying m en to

mas t

LAW

THE

an

d rectly co nected w ith the essel at anchor


to
s tai n a cl i m for sa lvag e a g ai n s t he
( r ) The J a ne t Mi tchell S wa 111 ; The Golon dri n a L R 1

ervice

w as too i n i

su

A d 334
( s ) The Roe, S w a 8 4
S ee a s the
( t) The Cha r l tt Wy l i , 5 N t s of Cas s , 4
A m i a n cas s , The B r ig A lp h n s , 1 Cu ti s, 0 C 3 7 6
The
Geo Ni cho la u s, 1 New b 4 49
( u ) The E a st r n M n a ch, 1 L sh 8 1
The Ros a li , 1 S pi n s , 18 8
.

er c

o e

o r
k

oe
o o

e
r

lo

I NS TA NCE S

or S A L

V I CE

VA G E

S ER

15

e y ve s e l lying i do ck d i dang er f
c a ching r e from s rro n di g w re ho s e s whi ch
w ere i m e ( g ) h savi g h c rg o fro m a ve s e l
d ri ve n o n hore
d w re c ke d ( ) h re c in g f
raf f im b er o ing t
( ) h b rin g ing
i n o p or t
dere li c t ve e l ( ) or p r
f h
c rg o ( b) h f r ni shing
chor d ch in i
b oi ero
w e a her
e el
whi ch h d
lipp e d h c b le
th
ve el ao
ge i g
whic h h d d ri e n ashore ( d) h r i ing f a s n ke n
h re c ap t re f
ve ss e l by m e n s f appara
of s af

st

ss

er

to

an

at

ss

a s

er

s ea

tu s

; t e

at

s u

tt

an

C in

s ea

v ss

an

us

to

ou

t e

at

an

; t e

an

( y) The Tees an d The Pen tuclcet, 1 L us h 5 0 5


S ee a ls o
The Eleon ore, 3 3 L J A d 19 ; S ea ma n v The E ri e Ry C o ,
2 Ren ed 12 8 ; The Ci rcassi a n , I d 17 1 ; The J a ck J e wett, I d
.

463

( z ) A Raft of

Sp a rs, 1 A bbott, 48 5
I f there be no p ubl ic s alvors ju g
road equall conveni ent, salvors are authoriz ed to p ass a nd ti e d j n
repas s , w ith or w i thout ca rri ag es or hors es, u pon any lan d an0 3819 3
a djo in i n g
t he s hore w here there i s a ves s el s tranded or i n
dis tres s , and the may depos it o n s uch l and any articles
recovered from the es s el The are, however, requi red to d o
as li ttle da ma g e as poss i ble, a n d for a ny da mag e t hat may be
d on e the own er ha s a ha rg e upon t he s h ip, boat, carg o, or
a rti cles i n res p e t o f wh ich i t was occa s i on ed, an d may recover
the a m oun t i n the sa me way a s i f i t w ere sa lvag e
I f,
how ever, the own er s hould i mp ed e the s alvors from pas s ing or
re pa ss ing , or i n dcposi ting the ca rg o, or s hould prevent it, w he n
d e pos ited, fro m rema ini ng a reas on able time until it ca n be
rem oved into a pl ace of safet , he i n curs a penal t o f 100l
( a ) The A tlas , Lush 5 18 ; The (Joro ma/nd el, S wa 2 0 5 ;
The M ag d a len , 31 L J A d 2 2
( b ) Th e K i n g v Prop erty Der el i ct, 1 Hag g 38 3
( c) The Un d a u n ted, Lus h 90 ; The P ri nce of Wa les, 6
Note s o f Cas es, 3 9
( at) The Raj a sl ha n , S wa 17 1 ; The A lfen, I d 189 ; The
a nd see t he A merica n cas es , The J
T
H i m a l a y a , Id 5 15
The M B S tetson , 2 Pars on s La w
A bbott, 2 S p ra g ue, 10 1
o f S hi ppi ng , 2 8 8 , n 2
( e) The Ca ther in e, 12 Jur is t, 6 S 2
.

$3

'

17 & 18 ict
1 I bid 5 4 4 7

'

10 4,

s.

4 46

'

16

LAW

THE

C RA P 1
.

at s

ss

t e

an

an

to

at

an

ss

tu at

at

s t an e

at

ns

an

on

o ;

sa

an

are

to t

( f ) The M ar i a nn ,

su

su

su

3 Hag g 20 6 S ee The M ary, 1 W


2 Hag g 2 0 9
y, 4 0 Rob 22 3 S ee The A nn e, 5 C
.

The Ca lyp s o,
The T r e l a wn e

s,

an

o, a

at ;

a t, o r an

s o

t e

a ;

s on

se

ss

s ea

an

su

ts

su

or

a t,

o as s s t

an

n sa

n as s s t n

to

n sa

at

s a re

10 0

as a

un

ss

(g )

w as

to

t e

4 48

s u

ss

e n

ct,

or

; an

a te

s a s

an

or

s o

nt s a

n su

an

an

as

u or
rov o
ue
o
vr

VA G E

ve e l from pir e (f ) or from i rg e l ve s ( q)


or t f h h d f e e my ( h) d h re c e
d re m ov l i to d eep w
r f ve el whi c h
h ore
d g er
f b i g p l n dere d b y
d i
av g e ( i ) h ve ll b ee h e ld
b
al v g e s er
vi c e
I i
l o b ob erv d h
h M er ch n Ship
18 5 4 h
very c omprehe n ive p rovi ion
pi g A
f
h r e m er io
f h o e wh
ve el i
i
di tre
By h 4 5 8 h e c i o n i i e n c e d ha
whe ever y hip or b o i
r d d or o therwi
i di tre
on h hore f y or i d l w er
i
e wi hi h limi f h U i e d Ki g do m d
er ic e re de red by y per on
i i g
ch hip o r b o t
(l ) I
I
vi g h live f h pe r o b elo g i g
ch hip o r b o
I
vi g h c rg o or pp re l f ch hip
bo
h e re f
y p r i
A d wh e ever
ved b y
y w re c k i
o her h n Re ceiver wi hin h
p er
U i e d Ki g d m
There h ll b p y b l e b y h ow er
ch hip
f
bo
c rg
h pe r o b y
pp r el or w r e c k
whom s c h e r vi c e
re de re d o r by whom ch
ou

S ta t t y
isi n
p
fo r r e m n
ra ti n to
s al o s

SAL

OF

Rob

Ro b

The B ea ver , 3 0 Rob 2 92


See als o The L ou is a , l
Dods 3 17
The F ra n ces a n d E liz a , 2 B eds 115 ; The
The Ur a ni a , 5 C Rob 14 7
F ra n kli n , 4 C Ro b 14 7
Bu t se e The G o
( i ) The L a d y Wo rs ley, 2 S pi nks , 25 3
vern or R
al es, 2 Dods
14, where i t was held that the crew o f
a s hi
p could n ot clai m salva g e for rescui ng it from muti neers

( h)

LIFE

SA

LVA G E

l7

w re c k is saved a reas on ab le am ount o f salvag e to


g ether w i th all expens e s pr o perly i nc u rred b y hi m
i n the per fo rmanc e o f s u ch s ervi ces or the sav in o f
g
s u ch wrec k
By the same A ct any land o wner w ho su s t ai ns
damag e in c o n s equ ence o f salv o rs passing o ver his
land or depo s i tin g salv ag e pr operty u pon i t has a
ch a rg e u p o n the pr operty for the a mo u nt o f dam ag e
a n d may rec o ver i t as salv a e
A n d any pers o n
g ( l)
w ho g i ves i n fo rmatio n to the Rec ei ver o f W rec k
w hi ch le a d s to the di s c o very o f c o ncealed wreck i s
entitled to re cei ve as sal vag e s u ch s u m n o t exceed ing
5 a s t he Rece iver to wh o m the i n fo rmati o n i s g iven
may a ll o w ( m)
,

c in e

L if e S a l vag

t he C o u rt o f A dmi r alty had n o au tho Li f


l
ri tv to
g i ve s alv o rs any reward for the sav in g o f
h u man life i n cas e s where it w as not c o nnected w ith
T o remedy th i s
t he pre s ervat io n o f pr o perty
de fect in the law it w as pr o vided b y the Merchant
S hipp in g A ct 18 5 4 as alr ea dy p o inted o u t th a t
r e as o nab le salvag e sh o u ld b e payab le to th o s e who
rendered as s i s tance i n savin g the l ives of the p er s ons
be l o ng i ng to a ny s hip or bo a t ( w ords wh i ch h av e
b e en held to i ncl u de p a s s en g ers as well as s ea
m en ) ( 0 ) stranded o r o therw i se i n d istress on t he
Fo rmerly

sa va g e

V ct c

10 4, s 45 8
18 i
17
( l ) b id 5 4 4 6
The Ne w Me ha n
10 4, s 45 1
( m) 17 8: 18 i t
S hi pp in g Code Bi l l d oes n o t p op ose to ma k e any ess en ia l
a l e ra i on in the a b o e p o i s i ons
( n ) The S ilver B u l li on , 2 S p i n ks , 7 0, 7 4
A d 25
( o) The F u s il iers, 3 4 L

( k)

Vc

rc

rv

18

LA W

THE

SA L V A G E

any sea or tidal water wi th in the limits of


the Uni ted Ki n g dom
These provi s io ns were s ub
sequ ently extended to s alvag e o f life fro m any

r
t
sh
sh
p
where s oever the servi ces may
b
oa
i or
B i i
have b een render ed and fr o m au v fore ig n shi p o r
b o at where the s ervi ces have b een rendered ei ther
wh olly or in part i n B ri ti sh waters ( p ) I n cases
o f l i fe salva e n o t c o m in
g
g wi thi n these pro vi s io ns
s u ch a s the savin
o f l ife al o ne on b o ard the sh i p o f
g
a fo rei n state o n the h i h seas and o u t o f B r i ti s h
g
g
j u risdi ctio n th e ol d law conti nu es to prevail and
the C o u rt o f A dm i ralty has n o au th o ri ty to decree
salvag e
L i fe s alvag e takes pr io r ity o ver all other clai m s
for s alva g e ; and where the ves s el i s de s tr oyed o r her
val u e in s u f cient after pay ment of expenses to r e
m u nerate the s alvors the B o ar d of Trade i s em
p o wered to c o mpensate them ou t of the Mercantile
Ma rine F u nd
The e ffect o f the r i sk o f hu man life a s i nv olvi ng
the rem u neratio n o f the salvo r s and the liab ility o f
the carg o to b ear i ts proportio n of the salvag e pai d
fo r the rescu e o f hu man li fe w i ll b e fou nd in a
s u b sequ ent p art o f the v o lu me u nder
the heads

A m ou nt o f S alva e
and Co ntrib u tio n
g
of

sh o re

CH A r 1

OF

Pr i o ri ty o f
l i fe s al ag e

ct

24 V i
c
10, s 9
For p o isi on s enabli ng
( g ) The J oha/nn es, 1 Lu sh 18 2
the Q u een b y O rde i n Cou n i l to a ppl y the p o i si ons of the
Me han Sh ip p ing A ct, 18 5 4, to fo ei g n ship s i n es p e of
i es en de ed to hem on t he hi g h seas , s ee 2 5 8t 2 6
sal ag e s e
i
6 3 , ss 5 9, 6 1, 6 2 , 6 3
By O de i n Cou n il of 7 t h
A p il , 18 6 4, hey ha e b e en e en ded to P uss ian s hip s
i
104
S 4 5 9 of 17 8t 18
c
S ee al so The C or o
ma n d cl, S wa 2 0 5 ; The B ar tley, Id 199

( p)

rc t
v
rv c r
V ct c
r
t
.

xt
V ct
.

r r
r

rv
rv

ct

19

CHA PTE R

II

W HO MA Y CLA I M A S S ALV ORS

TH E

II
crew o f a vessel b ein g b o und b y thei r contract
to do thei r u tm o st to save the s h ip and carg o in case C w i
c p bl f
o f dan er or wrec k i t i s a
g
g eneral and alm o s t in ex1 b i g l
b l e r u le that they are n o t permitted to ass u me the
character o f salv o r s ( a) I f h o w e ver the c o ntract
1
b etween the o wners and the crew b e termi nated by
$ 3 3?
t he ab and o nment of t he vess el the crew may b e v l
c o me e nti t led to salvag e reward fo r t he servi ces they
s u b s eq u ently render t o war ds the preservati o n o f the
sh i p or c a r g o
T h u s where a vessel wa s b y o rder
o f her maste r ab a nd o ne d at sea and on the next day
her crew who h ad b een pu t on b o ard a s teamer
havin g fallen in w i t h the i r ship v o lu n teered to
re t u rn to her w i th ou t the master and wi th t he assi st
ance o f a smac k and o ther b o ats b roug ht her i nt o
por t they were held ent itled to salvag e reward ( c)
re

e n

e o

sa

38
8

es s e

( a ) S ee The G over n or Ra

cr

2 Dod s 141 whe e the


ew of
e ook
a
essel w h o s u bd u ed a d a ng e o us mu i ny an d
hei
S ee a ls o The
ewa d
ess e l, w e e held enti led to no sal ag e
2 7 8 ; The B ea ver, 3
T wo F r i en d s , 1 C Ro b
( b) The F l or en ce, 16 Ju r 5 7 2 The Wa rr io r, 1 L us h
The V r ed e, 3 0 L
The Nep tun e, 1 Ha rg 2 2 7 2 3 7
A dm
2 09
S ee al s o the A m e i an a se,
( ) The F l oren ce, u bi s up ra
The B lai rea u , 2 C an h 2 40, whe e a s eaman who ha d b een

es ,

t
r

rt

r c

rc
0

LA W

TH E

HA P

II

l at

c t

un s

an d on

SA

LVA G E

ab andonment to o perate as a di ss o lu tion o f the


c ontract m u st h owever b e bon d de and nal I n
Dr
v
n
j
d
ment
i
i
n the c a se o f The F l or en ce
i
u
g
g
g
Fi r s t the ab and o nm e nt m u st
L u s hin g t o n ob serve s :
t ake place at s ea and n o t u p o n the c o ast for i f a
sh ip b e driven u p o n a c o ast and b ec o mes a wrec k
and the m arine r s escape to the sh o re the c o ntrac t
enu res to th i s ex t ent at least that if they act as
s alvo r s an d su cce s sfu lly s o as to save en ou g h to pay
t h eir wag es they will b e enti tled to them ( e) th o u g h
n o t to sal va e ; if they d o n o t s o exert thems elves
g
their wag e s are l o s t
S e c o ndly the ab and o n ment
m u s t b e s i ne sp e r e ver tendi for n o o n e w ou ld c o ntend
tha t a t e mp o rary ab ando nment s u ch as frequ ently
An

to

OF

l e ft on b oard b y the m as t er a n d the res t of the re w , w ho


a b a n d oned thei r
es s el o n a
ou n t of the da mag e d one to i t i n
a
ol l i s ion , a n d w en t on b oa rd t he o ll id i ng vess el , i t w a s held
t hat he w as dis harg ed from his ob lig ation s to the s hip , an d
m i g ht b e ome a s al or o n a n e u a l footi ng w i th o ther s al ors
S ee al so the n ea rly s im ilar as e, The Tr i u mp h, 1 S p rag u e, 4 2 8 ,
w here a s ea man l e ft on b oa rd a s hi p u nder l ik e ir u ms tan es ,
al t hou g h a g ai n s t hi s w il l , was held en ti tled to s al ag e ; a n d
S hi p Ca to, 1 Pe ters , A dm 4 8 ; M on tg om ery
s ee Ta yl or
The T P L ea thers , 1 Ne wb A dm 4 2 1 ; and The H o ld er
B o rd en 1 S pra g u e, 14 4 an d 10 A mer La w Rep 193 , w here
b een wre ked on an u n i nha b it ed i sl an d, the
a W ha l er ha i ng
rew res u ed part o f the oi l from the w re k, pla ed i t on the
i sland , an d ha i n g b uilt a s hooner ou t of the remna nt s of
the w re k ed s hi p , rea he d t he m ai n l and , arry ing w ith t he m
the abl es and a n hors o f the es sel and p a rt o f the oil
They
w ere refus e d s al a g e for s a i n g t he oi l, b u t i t w as held that t he
s hoon e r b u i lt b y t he m w as t hei r p rope rty , an d tha t as o w n ers
they w ere entitlecl to om pen sa tion for t he tra ns portation S ee
H u ss ey, Bla t hford
H A d m 5 4 3 ; The
a ls o Reed
The Two Ca theri n es, 2 Mass 3 19 ; The
D a w n , Da ve is ,
J ohn Ta y l or, Ne wb 34 1
( cl) 16 J u ri s t, 5 7 2
( e) S ea men are n o w entitled to b e pai d thei r wag es u p to the
ti me of w e ek , w hether freig ht b e earned or not 17 8t 18
Vi t c 10 4 s 18 3 No hang e i n the la w i n this res p e t i s
pr op osed i n the n ew Mer ha nt S hippi ng Code

c c

cc

W H O MA Y C L A I M A S S A LV O RS

C RE W

c)

cc u r s in c o llis io ns fro m i mmedi ate fear b e fo re am I I


the state o f the sh ip i s known wo uld vacate the
c o ntract
T h irdly the ab and o nment m u st b e
b on d de for the p u rp o s e o f s avi n g l ife Fo u rthly i t
m u st b e b y o rder o f the mas te r in c onsequ ence o f
d an g er b y reas o n o f damag e to the shi p and the
s t a te o f t he elements
T he mas ter i s I conce ive the
proper per s o n to fo rm a j u dg ment whether ab and o n
ment b e ab so l u tely nece s s ary or no t He i s the
per s o n wh o m the owners have vo l u ntarily intru sted
wi th the c o mmand o f the i r vessel and the care o f
the pro perty e m b ar ked in i t They m u st b e taken
to have deemed him c om petent to the d i scharg e o f
t he du ti e s c o mmi tted to him and especially that he
w o uld n ot wi th ou t adequ a te c au se leave to destr u o
tio n the ir pro perty A g ai n there c a nn o t b e a rea s o n
ab le d o u b t I th i nk that ia all cases o f bond ole
ab and o nment the cr e w are j u s ti ed in o b eying the
i t m u st b e pres u med that
o rders o f the master
he i s the m o st c o mpetent j u d g e o f the de g ree o f
dang er and the l a st who wo u ld q u i t with ou t a rat io nal
b elie f that there e xi s ted that deg ree o f dan g er to life
whi ch rendered the ab an d o nment a d u ty I say a
d u ty for I c o n s i der i t clearly to b e a d u ty n o t to
sac ri ce hu man l ife ; wh a t the deg ree o f dang er i s
w h i ch w o u ld j u s tify the master i n adopti ng th i s

me as u re cann o t b e de ned
C aptu re b y a b ellig erent di ss o lves or s u spends the C t ct
lv d
di
c o nnecti o n b etween the seamen and thei r vessel The c pt
f
v l by
men n o l o ng er co nsti tu te the crew o f the vessel b u t my
o

p.

on ra
sso

ur e o

e ss e

en e

v S aj ollo B a n k,
See the A meri can cases , M
The S ta r , p os t, w hi ch w ere d ecided on t his prin ciple
(9) S ee The Wa rrior, p ost
f

es ner

'

and

on

L AW

TH E
am

e ome pri s on e r
c

d u ty to

ss

C on tract
di s s l v d b y
d i s ch a g
s ea
.

attempt
l f m

w ar

re c e
h e n e my

s u

VA GE

no

pa t of th i r
s cu e
and if th y do
I t is

e
th e y a re

re
n i led

ve e ro
sal v ag e
b n do nme nt f th ve el th
E ve n i f there b
f h
ontr c m y b dissolved by th
m
mas ter i di s h rg i g h c re w
d th ey w o l d b
en i le d t avail hem elve f th dis charg e
claim sal g e f
d hei r rig h
b e q e n t s ervi c
i this re pe c t w o ld
b affe cte d b y th f c h
h m as ter i di ch rg in g the m w as cting c
r ry
th i ntere
f hi o wn er s s o l ng as h e y ( h
hi mi s c on d c t ( i )
Th
m ) w ere
t p r ie
wher
a ship i
l m w e ath r w e t b y ccid e n
o n a ro cky b e ch b h e vily d i half h o
lle d with w a er
d h m ter
d c re w imme
di t ly q itte d h ve e l
shore
d went
d
h ne
d y h m ter di cha rg e d ll th o f c er
d c re w
d f erw r d o n h
me d y o me f
h c re w
i o n f th m ate ret r e d
t th
gg
h hip
d fter w rki g f s ever l d ay s s cc ee d e d
i sa vi ng p ar t f h
ore d c o iderab le m o n
f c rg o b e fore h b roke p i t w as he l d th t h
ontract b e twee n h hip ow er s d h s me n
b do nme n t f th hip b
di s ol ve d
t b y th
b y th di s charg e g ive n by h mas ter
d th
h
c rew having ( w p r ove d) b ee n g ilty f n o fr d
i a cc e p in g thei r di ch rg e w ere e nti l e d t sal
ag e ( I )
the

o e
re

of

O F S AL

en s c

tt

va

or s u

to

en

no

a e

xt

an

t e

an

an

or

s an

e s

t e

an

ut

au

at

an

wa s

ea

e s

as

t e

as

to

an

u n

ns

e a

no

an

e sa

ur

s,

er s t

on

an

an

an

es t

e su

ss

as

u s,

an

as

t es

an

t e

t e

e at

ca

to

at

on t a

t t

to

ts

e
e

s ts o

so as

es , an

not

ss

an

s o

to

tt

e act o

t e

e no a

( It ) The Two F ri en ds , I C Rob 2 7 1 S ee also the A merican


cas es , Phi lli ps v McCall, 4 W as h C C 141
The H a rm ony,
Wil li a ms v S af alk I nc
1 l eters, 7 0
3 S um 2 7 0
The Wa rri or, L ush 47 6
.

( k) I bid

W H O MA Y CL A I M A S S A L V O RS

23

ve re c og i e d h prin
ipl
l id d ow i h E g l i h C o r f A dmir l y er
t
h i nc p ci y f
em
cq i r e l v g e c c
re p e c f
re dere d d r g 1 c on e c
v e
i o n w i h h ve e l
wh ere a te m er
Th
ev rely i j re d b y c olli i o
b
d ee m e d i imm e di te d g er f i ki g
d h
f
c p ai p e n g er
d c re w b n do n e d h
h
afe y f hei r live
e g er g oi g
h p
b o rd h
c oll idi g ve el
d h
m
er d
c re w re m i i g
e r h w re c k i heir b t
Th e y w ere e mp l oy e d i sa vi n g
r i cl e fo n d
i g b
af er
hor
e amer ho g h
i me
h
f l l f w er did
b o r d ag i
t s i k he y w e
f
h p rp o e f
ving d did ve b ag g g e
m o ey
d o th er p op er ty
l rg e m o n i t
h e ld h
h ei r ervi c e di d
f
t e c ee d h li mi
h ei r d y
h c re
he
f h ve e l
d h
w ere
e i le d
l v g e ( l ) A d wh ere i
n o her c e f c o lli i on h m er d c re w f
f th ve e l fe ri ng h
h ei r ve s e l w o l d i k
we n
b o r d h o h er f
fe y
d whi l e th
e s el were interlo c ked a p rt f h c rew re r e d
he i r w ve s e l
d h ve e l h vi g i mm di
a e ly f erw rd p r e d
cc ee de d i b ri g i g h
l
he y w ere he ld
b e i le d
i n o p or
v ag e
er
Th A m eri c a n C o r t h ve ho w ever q li e d h
e o
v
e
a
b
ove
l
d
d
o
w
s
o
as
t
d
m
t
h
c
re
w
l
t
p
p
The A m eri can C
'

es

t e

as
in

or

C RE W

ts h a

s e rn ces

t e

n s

s a

to

an

Ca n

sa

ap a

su e

so

ss

n,

s,

ss

a n n

ut

at

or

t e

at

as

nt

as

ss

s,

to
s

sa

an

t e

n,

ai

to

ts

at

o a

on e

s n

an

tu

w as

t:

an

n ot

n n cr

ss

a n

t e

su

t, t

er

to

nt

ua

sa

e A m i ca n
d ci s i n s on
s er
o s a l ag

S u b lk B a nk, 1 A merican Law Rep 2 49


S ee al so M i l ler
( m) The S ta r, 1 4 A mer ican La w Rep 4 8 7
v K ell y, A bbott s A d Rep 5 64 The J ohn Perki n s, 2 1
The A cor n a n d Sp eed well, I d 99
ep 87
A meri can La w R

( 1) M esn er

ag

an

s al

an

as t

or sa

at

on

ss

sa

no

for

oat

n t on

to

or

st

an

to t
t

sa

oa s .

t on

v s

an

n ot

no

as

er

'

t e

as t

t t

ut

"1
i ty o f

an

an

to

as

ass n

s n

s,

a t s ea

an

an

as s

w as

n u

u s,

i c an

5 08 0

118

u in

Am

1:

24

THE

LAW

S A L VA G E

OF

cl aim salv ag e remu n erati on for s ervi c e s ou tsid e the


vi ce out id e fai r and re as onab l e ob lig ati on s of thei r c o n tr act
d ty f
Thu s in the c as e o f The M a ry H a l e (n ) the m ate
m
an d fo u r s e am e n at th e re qu e s t of the ma ster c ro s s e d
the G u lf S tre am fr om K ey S al o n th e B ahama c o as t
to Key W e s t a di s tan c e of 18 0 mil e s in a n o p e n
b o at du ri n g b a d w e ather an d i n mu ch p eri l o f th ei r
li ve s i n order to p ro cu re as sis tanc e to take off the
p a s s e ng er s an d c re w from the w re ck an d to s ave the
carg o They su cc ee de d in p ro cu ring assi s tanc e b y
me an s o f whi ch the p as s en g er s an d c a rg o w ere sa ve d
I t w as he l d b y the C ou rt that the s e s ervi c e s ex
ceeded the du ty th ey o w e d to the shi
p an d e ntitl e d
I n a n o ther c as e
where p a rt o f
the m to sal vag e
the c re w of a ve ss e l i n cl o s e d in a el d of i ce off the
m ou th of Bo s ton H arb ou r volu n ta ri ly re m ain e d on
b o a r d th ei r ve s s e l u n der ci r cu m s ta nc e s of g re at p eril
an d re n dere d v alu ab l e s e r vi c e i n re s c ui n g the ve ss e l
after the m as ter an d the re s t of the c re w had for the
safe ty of th ei r live s ab a n d on e d her an d g o n e ashore
an d o th er c re w s i n vo l ve d in s imil a r p e ril ha d d o n e
the same thi ng it was hel d tha t as the c re w mi g ht
W ithou t any d e r e li c ti on o f du ty have l e ft the ve s s e l
thei r rem ain in g m i g h t b e j u s tly c o n sidere d as an act
b ey on d wha t was re qui re d by the j u s t an d fai r ob lig a
ti o n s of thei r c o n tra c t an d that for th e s ervi c e s the y
re ndere d they w ere en title d to a re ward in the n atu re
of sal v ag e b u t l e s s in am o u n t than w o u l d b e all o w e d
to s tran g er s for they c on ti nu e d to o w e s ervi c e to
the ship u n der the ir c o n tr a c t whi ch s till s u b si s te d
C RA P II
.

s ea

en .

,
,

( n) Reported i n Ma rvin

( o) The
16 2

on

A corn, 19 Law

W reck

an d

Rep 499,
.

S alvag e, p 161
ci ted i n Mar i n , p
.

W H O MA Y C LA IM A S S A L V O RS

ltho u g h n o t
d ere d ( p )

re ci ely

the

ervic e

PA S S E NG E RS

whi ch

w as

25

re n

C RA P u
.

ers .

laid d o wn that p a ss e n g ers o n b o ard l


a ve s s e l in di s tr e s s c ann o t claim salv ag e for any
a s s i s tan c e the y r e n d e r to w a r d s
p re s ervi n g the s hip
an d c a r o i t b e in
g
g i n cu mb e n t u p o n all on b oa r d to
as s i s t w h e r e th ere i s a c o m m o n d an er (
g
g ) a n d that
if the p as s e ng er s o f a ve s s e l that ha s re c ei ve d in
j u ry b u t i s in n o i mm e diate dan g er re main o n b o ar d
a n d as s i s t a t th e
p um p s un til th e a rri va l of the ship i n
A pa s
p o r t th e y wi ll n ot b e en ti tl e d t o sal v ag e ( r )
s e n er i s n o t
h o w ever ob lig e d to h az a r d his o wn
g
s afe ty i n o r d er to s ave the s hi
p or c arg o an d i f he
v o l u n tar i l y r e m ai n s o n b oar d an d make s ex traordi
n a r y e xe r ti o n s o u b e ha lf o f the s hi
p he wi ll be
en title d to b e remu n erate d a s a s alvo r ( s) ; an d whe r e
a
p a s s en g e r took the c om m an d of an d b rou g ht s afe ly
i n to p or t a s hip that had b ee n ab an d o n e d b y her
c r e w he wa s he ld to b e s o e n ti tle d
I n th e A m eri c an c as e T he M er i ma e ( u ) a n u mb er
o f tr 0 0 s w ho
whil s t b e ing c arri e d ( u n der a c o n
p
tr a c t wi th the i r g over nm en t) ou b o ar d a s te amer b y
I t has b

ee

P ass eng

lo

i g u e, 14 4
The H olg e
B or d en 1
10
s
W
A meri ca n La w Rep 193 L
(q
) The B r a ns ton , 2 Hag g 3, n
( r ) The V red e, L us h 322
( 3 ) I bid I n th i s cas e Dr Lus hi ng ton i s thu s reported
S ervi ce s ren dered b p ass eng ers mu s t h ave occurred over an d
over ag ain, yet, except the ca s es o f The B ra nston an d The
S a l acia , there i s a pp a rentl no p recedent on w h i ch a cl a i m for

sa lvag e by a pass en g er has been p ro s ecuted i n thi s Court


S ee als o The
( t) Newma n v Wa lter s, 3 B os St P 6 12
S a l a ci a , 2 Hag g 2 62
( u ) 18 L T N S 92

( p)

S ee

a s

a s s e n g el s
'

26

THE L A W

or

S A V A GE

s evere and orga ise d t under the comm and f


the i r of c er s kep the v e ss e l aoat after she h d
sprung a leak until she wa s brought int o a place f
s afety were held t t o be pa ss engers b ut e title d
t o s al vage rewar d
I an o ther A m er ic a c a s e Th G
tE t
d
that ve ss e l h avi g di abled her p a ddl e whee ls
brok en her rudder sh aft i n a gal e l ay i n the tr ough
f the s e a f ab o u t thi rty si x h ou r s du ri n g wh i c h
ti me the i
f the s h i p h a d en d e a vou re d i v ai
t o rep ai r h d mage Th cl aim ant a p a s e ger
b o ard w ith the co sent f the c apt ai n f the sh i p
u ndertook t o put i exe c tion a pl an which he ha d
h i m s elf d e vis e d f
s teering the ship su peri ten de d
the w ork d after ab out t we ty fo r h ou r s w o r k su c
d d i n brin gin g the v e ss el o u t f the tr ough f the
s ea an d enabli g her t o co me int o p ort in s afety
be a s al vage s ervi c e a n d
Th C o u rt he ld th is
aw ar de d the p a ss en ger 3 0 00
I t i n o an swer t o a l i m f s al vag e th a t the a m e
f the per s o n re deri g the s ervi c e appe are d in a
w arrant a s b ailiff f the s ei u re f the sh ip d
cargo (y )

C RA P n
.

or s

no

an

cers o

t e

on

an

or

or

a s ern

r ea

cee e

to

c a

or

or

an

S hip o wu er

S al vag

e a

[ on e

rewardin g o f m er it o ri ous per s on al e x erti o n s


bei n g one of the pri n ci p al gr oun ds u p on whi ch the
C ou rt o f A dm i ral ty give s s alvage re m u nera t i o n i t
foll ow s a s a g en er al ru l e th a t n o o ne ca n su s t ai n a
suit for s alvage who was n ot per s onally engaged in
The

N S 5 16
( x) 11 L
( y) The J ohn B r ya n t,
.

m rc
e

an

cas e

L e Tig

e,

I ri sh

Ju r 2 33
3 Wa sh C C 5 6 7
5

S ee

lo

a s

the

C A IM A S

MAY

WHO

S A V OR

27

S HIPO W NE R.

the s ervi c e wh i c h fo r m e d the fo un dati o n of the cl ai m C


II
W here the cl ai m a nt is pr ov e d t o h av e d o ne n o m o re
th a n s en d other per s on s t o a ssis t the v e ss e l i n dis
t r e ss the C o u rt w ill re fus e t o re co gn i z e h is right t o
p arti c ip a te in the su m whi ch i t awar ds
The o wner of a v e ss e l wh o s e c rew ren d er s s al vag e S hi po w er
l
i tl t
a ssis t an c e h o we v er s t an ds u p on a different foo tin g , v s e
A l th o ug h he m ay n o t h av e been a c t i vel y en ga g e d i n
the u n dertak in g a n d m ay hav e in cu rre d n o per s on al
ris k wh ate v er y et he is al m o s t i nva ri ably entitl e d t o
p a rti cip ate i n an y s al v ag e th at m ay b e aw ar de d an d
t o su e the a ssis te d v e ss e l for the re covery of h is
dem and I t h as been held th at W here the s alvin g
ve ss e l h a s e i ther been diver te d fr o m her pr oper
e m p l oy m ent o r h a s e xpe rien c e d a s pe ci al m is chi e f
occ a si onin g t o the owne r s any in con veni en c e or l o ss
fo r whi c h a n e q
uitable compen sation could be rea
f

c
l
a
i
m
e
d
o
r
whe
r
e
o
c e r s o r m en h ave
s o n abl
a
(
)
y
left her for the purp os e of a ssistin g a vess el that had
be com e S h orth an d e d ( b) the own e r is entitle d t o s h a re
in the re ward ; an d tha t e ven i n the ab s ence of any
d anger the fact that a ve ss el h a s been detaine d whils t
g ivin g a ssis t an c e t o the di s tre ss e d v e ss el is i n i t s elf
a ne

ob 3 7
In
u il a , 1 0 R
The A q
cas es, the Cou t j ct d the cl ai s o f an ofce o f
th s
ta ch
n t o f hi s men, b ut
C oas t G uard, who s nt a b o a t an d a
d i d n ot assist in p s o n, a nd o f a mag i s t at , who s nt ft en
he had ad i ni s t d a n o a th, to assis t a ves sel
m en, to who
S ee al s o The Wa tt, 2 W Rob 7 0 ; The L i v ly,
i n i s t ss
3 Id 64
( a ) The V in e, u bi szqwa The Cha l otte, 3 W Rob 68 ,
72
( b) The J a net Mi tch ll, S wa 111 The Ni co li/na , 2 W Rob
17 5
See also as to the ri g ht o f o wn s to pa ti cipat , The
{ a rt i n L u the r, S wa 2 8 7 ; The Sp i ri t of the A g e, I d 28 6 ;
)
The Si r Ra lp h A bercrmnbi e, L B 1 P C 4 5 4 ; The No d n,
1 S p inks, 18 5

( 2 ) The V i ne, 2 Hag g

ee

d re
.

r re e e

e
er

m
me

de

er

e
.

e
e

r e

ere

r e

o sa

28

THE L A W

O F S A V A GE

t o supp ort the cl ai m o f the owner t o a


p o rtio n o f the s alvage ( c)
1
W hen the u n d e r write r s of a v e ss el an d c arg o th a t
33 %:3?
lvo
h a d been ab an d one d h ire d an other v e ss el an d sub
sequen tly succeeded in s aving the ship an d cargo
the y we r e held en ti tl e d t o su e a s s al vor s bein g l ook e d
upon a s the owners for the tim e being of the hire d
sh ip
I t is dii cul t t o i m agi ne a s t a te o f th i n gs where
salvage a ssistance is rendere d on the high s ea s in
wh ich the s al vin g ve ss el h a s n ot i n cu r re d a ris k disad
vantage or d elay suf ci e n t t o sus t ain a s alva ge clai m
by the own er ; an d i t als o n o t u nfre qu ently h appen s
e spe cial ly i n the c a s e o f s te am sh ip s th a t the ve ss e l
is the prin cipal s alvor ( e)

W
he r e the ve ss el as sis tin g an d the ve ss el re c e i vi n g
$ 233
a ssis t anc e bel on g t o the s am e owner n o s alva ge
re mun erati on is p ay ab l e The ru le ha s been held to
apply where the ve sse l s ave d al th ou gh n ot the pro
perty of the owner o f the s alvin g v e ssel was char
tered b y h i m u n der a co ntra c t wh i c h s tip ul a te d th a t
he sh ould pr ovid e an d p ay the m a ster an d c rew f
If h o we ver the p o ss e ssi o n o f the c h artere d v e ss e l
continu e d in her owner an d did n ot pa ss t o the
cha rterer a s ha s been held to be the cas e where the
cont r ac t s tipulate d th at the owner sh ould app oint
the m a ster a n d cr ew nd sh ip s s t ore s an d p ay
crew s wage s s alvag e will b e p ayab le a s i n o ther
Ca n

II

Su

cien t

sa

( e)
5 94

The

Nordeh ,

a bi s up r a ;

The H a id ee, 1 Notes of Cas

s,

( d ) The Pi ckwick, 16 Ju rist, 66 9

u
h
o
n
t
h
e
s
u
b
ec
i
l
A
e
f
r
e
t
t
po
r
o
t
S
ee
t
t
e
t
i
n
n
e
j ,
p
,
( )
p os t
f ) The M ari a J a ne, 14 Ju rist; 8 5 7 S ee The A lfen, S wa

18 9

W H O MA Y C L A I M A s S A LV O RS

ca s e s

circ um s tan c e m ay h owe ver affe c t the C

The

u u

29

dd

RAP

q ant m t o be aw a r e

A ss ocia ted V e s s els

ss ls sai l t ogether nd er an agree ment t o


ren de r m t al a ssist an c e n o s al vag e e m u nera ti o is
p ayab l e f a ny s er vic e s wh i c h
f the m m ay
ren d er t o the o her ( h) S ch a n ag ree m ent m us t
h o we v e r be cl e a rly e s t ab lishe d ( i )
W he tw o B ri t is h s hip s m ee i n dis ta nt p a rt s f
h w o rld co mm o n a n d o r di ary s e rvi c e is g enerally
e x pe c te d t o be ren d ere d b y the
t o the o ther
y et if the s er vic e p a rt ak e f the t r ue de s cripti o n f
s lvag e the p arty renderi g it h a s a right if he
ch oo s e s t o su e f s alvage r e m erati o n ( h)
d
when v e ss els pr oc ee d o n the s am e voy age l e avi g
p or t e a rly t o gether a n d a ssist a c e is ren dere d b y
t o the o ther wi th o t de i a i o n fr o m her pr ope
co r s e the a ss ociati o n f the v e ss els affo r ds n o a n s we r
a c laim f s alva g e alth ou h i t w o uld a ffe c t the
W here v e e

u u

on e

or

t e

on e

or

un

an

o ne
u

to

or

(g ) The Co l lie r, L R 1 A d 8 3
( h) The Z ep hy r, 2 Hag g 4 3

erl o 2 D d 433
Lo rd S to well p 4 3 6
( i ) Th W terl o 2 Do d 433 4 36
I t hi k th t th cl i m o f bei g d i ch rg e d fro m
I c o fe
lv g e i
w hi c h th Co rt w o l d
t b j ti e d
l i b i l i ty t
d m itti g l e th di ch rg e ppe red i expre term
i
c o tr ct th t by th
o f c l e r d expli cit l g g
d i
der t di g
ho l d re m ov e ll d o bt re p e c ti g th c o mm o
o f b o th p rti e
A cle r
d g e er l r ig ht o g ht
t t be
d v io l e t c o tr ct io
o t ed b y q e ti o b l e exp re i o
l o Th M g ret 2 B g g 4 8 Th S w 1 W R b 6 8
S
o t e ; Th H rr i o t 1 W R b 4 3 9 Th R d Ro r 3 W
Pri tc h rd
B b 15 0 ; Th A f ri c 1 S p i k 2 99 Th G r vi
c e Th T P L ther 1
d th A m eri c
Dig e t 8 11
N wb 4 2 1
Th P rti
9 J ri t
L hi g to
( h) J d g m t o f D
.

ss

n a

un

n a

an

an

ns

ss

a,

no

ns

an,

as ,

ve

na ,

e,

ns

ea

s an

un

us

ss

an

'

s,

an u a

an

an

no

an

na

e u se

ar

ee a s

u s

us

ss

o s

s one

o sa

The Wa t

s,

en

us

n,

a,

As s

o ci a te

ves s eb

'

30

TH E L A W

O F S A LV A G E .

am

oun t of re mun eration which in such a c ase would


n ot be con side rable ( l)
The fa ct th a t a p art ow n e r of the s al vin g vessel
E
g gs
ls clai mi g ha s also a n i n te re s t in the vessel s alved doe s n o t dis
wh
en title his co own e rs to s u e for s alvag e They must
howe v e r dedu ct from the value o f the en tire service
the sh are w hich woul d have been due to the p art
owner if he could h ave j oin ed as plai n tiff
W he re the sal vors g et to the vessel i n distress by
t owner
lai mi g
m ean s o f boa ts belon g i n g to a pe rson who doe s not
s al vag
person ally a s s ist in the u n dert aking the m ere ci r
cu ms tan ce th a t hi s
boats e n abled the s alvors to
ren de r the requi red a ssi s t an ce does not e n title the
bo at ow n e r to sue as a s alvo r ; an d whe re the c rew
o f a stran d e d v e ssel h avin g t ake n to their bo ats an d
in makin g for the n e ares t lan d fell in with and suc
ceeded in s av in g a ship th at had been ab andoned a
claim by the ow ne r fo r s al vag e on the g roun d th at
the sal v ors were en abled to re ach the vessel solely
by m ean s o f his boat s s ails an d co mp ass was re
The C our t however has allowed a
j ected
pe rson who s en t his boats to ren de r s alvag e ser
vice a su m ou t o f the salvag e awarded b y way of
equita ble co m pen sation for the use of the bo ats ( o) ;
and it is sub mitted upo n p ri n ci ple th a t whe re bo ats
so e ng ag ed are inj ured or placed i n j eop ardy duri ng
the serv ice the own er wou l d be en titled to clai m as
a s alvor in respect o f the loss o r risk which he sus
tains
CRA P I I
.

se

oa

J udg ment

Dr Lus hin g t n, The Ga ng es, 1


Ca ses, 8 7 90 ; The Two Fr i en d s, 8 J u ri s t, 10 11
( m) The Ca r li ne, 1 L us h 3 3 4
m) The Two F r i en ds , 2 W Rob 3 49
( a) The Cha rl tte, 3 W Rob 6 8

( l)

of

"

Notes

of

W H O MA Y C L I M A S S A LVO RS

31

C RA P I I

f Roy a l Na vy
W ith respect to s alvag e se rvices ren dered by S l v g b y
f
h ip
v essels belo n i n
g g to the Roy al Navy it is p rovi ded Roy l N vy
by the 4 8 4 th section o f the Me rch an t S hippi ng A ct
18 5 4 th a t n o cl aim shall be m a de o r a llowed for
an
y loss d am ag e o r risk the reby c aused to su ch
ship or to the stores t ackle o r fu rn itu re the reo f
o r for the u s e of an
y stores or othe r a rticles b e
lon g i n g to Her Maj esty s u pplied i n o rde r to e ffect
s u ch se rvices o r for any othe r expe n se or loss
sustai n ed by Her M aj esty by re a son of such s er
vices
g)
V es se ls

s o

O wn er of Ca rg

o.

does n ot appear to be an y i n st an ce in o u r O w
c
g o
C ou rts o f a cl ai m by the ow n e rs of c arg o on board t cl
l g
the s alvi ng vessel to p articip ate in the s alvag e
The re are a few s u ch c a ses in the A m e ric an
a w arded
Re ports I n the c a se o f B on d v The B r ig Cora ( h)
the own e r o f the c arg o o n bo ard the s al vin g v e s s el
j oi ned i n the s alvag e sui t b ut the cl aim w a s refu sed
with costs I n an e arlie r c a se The B la i rea u decided
in 18 0 4 ( r) the own e rs o f the c arg o o n bo ard the
s alving ve s s el we re awarded a p roportion of the
T he re

n er o f

ar

no

s a va

10 4, s 48 4
S ee al s The Rosa lie, 1
n ta i ned
i n t he
I n l ie u of the pr is io n s
S pi n ks , 18 8
ab
e s e ti n , i t i s pr p s ed b y the n e w Mer hant S hip pi ng
C d e, 8 4 17 , to pr id e that a l a i m ma y b e a ll wed for the
t o Her Ma es ty s u ppl ied to a n y
0 0 s t o f a n y s t res b el n g i ng
la i m s ha ll be a ll w e d for t he
s hip i n d i s tres s , b u t tha t n o
r is k , l ss , or d a mag e o f any s hi p b e lon g in g to Her Ma es ty, o r
o f t he a pp u r tenan es on b ard s u h s hip
The Na tha n i el H p er, 3 S u m
S ee al s
( h) Pe ters , 3 6 1
5 42
( i ) 2 Cran h 2 40

( g ) 17 8t 18 V ict

c o

ov

ov

o o

o
co

ov
o

oo

ca n
ai m
e.

32

THE L A W O F S ALV A G E .

II

C RA P

salvag e ; but in that cas e o ne o f the owner s con


sente d to the s a lvag e s ervices being performed and
the Court see m s to have considered th at his acts
we n t so far as to ch arg e him sel f an d his co own e r
with the h az ards to be e n coun tered by the carg o
The A me ric an l a w as to the rig ht o f shipow n e rs to
sue for s alvag e diffe rs in no way fro m th at o f thi s
country The re are m an y instances of such clai m s
an d the decision o f M r J ustice B etts i n W a ter bu ry
v Mey ri elc ( l ) affo rds a valuable illustra tion o f th e
principle that the shi pown er s claim to p articip a te in
s alv ag e rests in al l c a s e s on the risk an d dama e
to which his p roperty i s or may be expo s ed I n
th at c ase th e m a ster o f a vessel le ft hi s ship at th e
outw ard port an d by pledg ing p art of the c arg o
belong in g to his o w n e rs an d other shippers hi red
anothe r vessel p erfo rm e d a s alva e se rvice
a n d re
g
ceive d the s al v a e re mu n e ra tio n : it was held th a t
g
the own e rs of the v e s s el to which the m aste r belo n g e d
were not en titled to p articip a te in the sal v ag e th e i r
vessel n o t h avi ng be e n u s ed i n the adven ture an d
th at thei r rem edy ag ainst the master was by action
a t co mm o n law for his bre a ch o f duty
,

A m e ri an
law
.

Pi lots
Pi l o ts ca n

cl i m
l g f
vi c
d
d i
th co
f th i
m
t
p l oy m
n ot

s a va

s er

es

re n

e re

or

u rs e

e r e
en

Pilots

bein g boun d b y the nature of their e mploy


me n t to be alw ays ready to g o out to vessels re u i r
q
ing their assi s t an c e un le ss it be at the risk of th e i r
lives cann ot in the a bsen ce of exceptio nal circ u m
stan ces e n title them s el v e s to s alvag e by wh at they

( I) Bla tchford

H A dm
.

Rep

34

W H O MA Y C L A I M A s S A LVO RS

ILOTS

ma y

33

do i n the co u rse of thei r du ty (m) They are C a n I I


bo un d to re n de r their assistan ce an d can cl ai m n o
m o re than the ra tes o f pilot ag e which are p resumed
to be an adequ a te re mune ratio n fo r their se rvice s ( a )
A n d by the Me rch a n t S hippi n g A ct 18 5 4 it i s pro
vi d ed th at an
y qu alied pilot dem a n din g or receivi n g
a n d also an
y m as te r o erin g o r p ayi n g to an y pilot
an
y other r ate in r espect o f pilot ag e services whethe r
g re ate r o r less th a n the rate for the ti me bei n g de
m an dab le by law sh all for e a ch o ence i n c u r a
pe nalty o f 2 0
No pilot however is boun d to g o on board a B t p il ot
i ti i
v e s s el i n d i stress to re n de r p i lotag e servi ce fo r m ere v l ii
m

pilot ag e rewar d ( p )
The C o u rt has always held
observes D r L u s hing t on ( g ) with reg ard to pilots
th a t they are e n titled to s ay whe n they g et on
bo ard vessel s which are n o t s eawo rthy an d the re
fo re i n a st a te o f d ang e r W e do n o t com e i n the
cha ra cte r of p ilots but also i n the chara cter o f
s a l v o rs
I n such a c ase they are not e n titled to h n r
aga
i mb y
a b a ndon the vessel ( r ) but the C ou rt has u n i fo rm ly iid
.

'

as s s

ess e

( m) The Roseha ag

h, 1 S pi nk s , 2 6 7 ; The Genera l Pa l mer,


2 Ha g g 17 6 : The J sep h Ha r vey, 1 C Ro b 3 0 6
( n ) The E l iz a beth, 8 J ur 36 5
18 4, s 3 5 8
18 Vi t
( ) 17
The J ng e A nd r les, S wa
p ) The Frederi k, 1 W Rob 16
2 2 6 2 2 9 The Ga la tea , I d 3 4 9 The K in g Os a r, 6 N tes
I n The Eliz a beth, 8 J o r 3 6 5 , Dr L u s hi ng t n
of Cases, 2 8 4
er ag ai n ex pressed my p i n i n
b ser es z
I ha e
er and
that when the s e r i e is one o f a d es r ipti n not mere pi l tag e,
the p a rties are to b e re warded for s u h s er ice as sal rs, a nd
The re i s a ery ma teri al d is ti n ti n to b e
n ot as p i l ts
the ra tes of p il tag e ha e
a d e rted to i n thes e cas es , na me ly
b een set tl ed u p n the al ulati n of wha t w ill b e a n adequ a te

r
es
w
r
r
i
r
es
a
n
d
no
r
h
er
s
e
i ,
t
i
re ard for O d i na y p l t s e
t fo
( q) The J ng e A n d r i es, S wa 2 26 2 29
( r) See a ls The H ebe, 2 W Rob 2 46 ; b u t see, h we er,
The Fred er ick, 1 W Rob 16, where Dr Lus hing ton b s er es

c c
c

v ov
vc

ov

c c
o
o
vc

vo
c o
o

vc

o
o

o v
o v

34

LA W

TH E

G im p

II

s ss
v ss
di tre
e
el

OF

SA L V A G

g ive n the m an addi ti onal reward think ing they are


not to be com pen sated for s alvage s e rvi ce by m ere

p ilotage reward
Pilot s h ave con s equently been held enti tled to
s al v age rew ard fo r goi n g out to s hip s i n a le aky con
di tion and rende ring as sis t ance in wo rki ng the
pump s an d in l aying out and afte rward s s lipp ing o r
reco v e ring an anc ho r s
( ) an d for boarding in boi s
terou s w ea t he r an d b ringing i nto a place o f s afety
a fo re ign ve s s el tha t ha d s u s tained damage
I f a v e s s el i n d is t res s o r pe ril an d out at s e a
bey o nd the li m i t s o f p i lotage ground s s h ould requ i re
as s is tance to conduct her to a place o f s afety the
s e rv i ce o f th e p i l o t in rende ring thi s as s i s ta nce i s
not p ilotage but s alvage (u )
I f the s e rvi c es rende red by th e p ilot be out o f th e
ordi nary cours e of hi s e mploym e nt a s whe re he as s i s t s
i n gettin g off a ve s s el tha t had d ri ve n upon ro ck s he
will o f cours e s tan d upon the s am e footing as any
o rdi nary s alv o r
,

ed

'

I st c s
f s lv g
an

r eward

pu

to

'

Y
SI

it
s s el ox

0 tag
a

ll s

ro u

Pi l o t a tin g
o u t o f ord i
n ary e

p l oy men t

'

c c c

on b ei n g told he w oul d
that if a p ilot u n d er su h ir u ms ta n es
e s el i n that
re ei e pil otag e on l y, re fu sed t o tak e harg e o f a
condi tion , he w ou ld b e u bj e t to n o en u re, a nd if he di d ta ke

harg e of he r h e wou ld b e entitle d t o a s al ag e remu n era tio n


i t w a s he ld
I n The J a n e A n d ers on ( 3 ri s h u r is t, p
that a pi lot is n ot b ou n d t o re mai n on b oard a s hi p in d i s tres
i n an y e ent, a n d at the p eri l of hi s life, a nd that i f he took
harg e of or remai n ed on b oard a essel s o i r u ms tan ed , he
w o u ld b e en ti tle d to b e pai d for e xtraord i na ry ser i es a s a
S ee a ls o The Wm Wa rd , 8 ri s h uris t, 3 3 6 ; The
s a l or
Her cu les, l b id 4 12
( s ) The H ebe, 2 W Rob 246
2 84
otes o f Ca es ,
S ee al s o
( t) The K i n g Ospur , 6
Wa l ter s , 3
The E n terp ri se, 2 Ha g g 17 8 , n ; New ma n
B u t se e The J oha n n es, 6 Notes of Ca s es ,
P 6 12 6 16
Bos
2 8 8, where a pi lo t u ns u es fu lly attempte d to ob tai n sal a g e
for piloti ng a foreig n e el
( u ) The ll ed wzg , 1 Sp i nk s , 19
( x) The Persi a , 1 Spi nks , 16 6

c v

c s

vs

c c

vc

cc s
v ss

'

W H O MA Y C L

I n t he

AM
I

AS

SA L

VO RS

I O TS

P L

35

of

a di s pute as to wh ethe r a s ignal C


11
hoi s ted w a s for a p ilot o r w as a s ign a l of d is tre s s A mb i
s
g
s l s
the C ou rt w i ll dete rm i ne th e fact by re fe re nce to the g m
s ta te o f the v e s s el at the t i m e
( y ) ; and even i f the
s i gn al ho i s ted s h ould h ave bee n fo r a p ilot
th a t
doe s not p re v ent the s e rvice s rende red fro m being
i n the natu re o f s alva ge The t rue que s ti on s i n s uc h
w ha t w a s the cond i ti on o f the shi p ? w as
a ca s e a re
7
s he i n d i s t r e s s
a n d w he re the ve s s el i s d a m aged
and in a ce rtai n deg ree o f d is t re s s the C ourt has
u n ifo rm ly hel d a s ignal exhi b i ted unde r s uc h
ci r
cu m s tan c es to be a s i gnal fo r a s s i s t ance an d not fo r
a p i lot a )
(
A s e rvi ce w hic h would he p ilotage in the cas e Pi l t g b y
s t
p s
of a d u ly l i cen s ed p i lot m ay beco m e s a lva ge whe n l ic s d
p l ts
rende red by pe rs on s
unde r no obligati on to p er
fo rm i t ( b)
The C ourt recogni s e s the diffe renc e
that exis t s between a pe rs on po s s e s s ed o f a m onopoly
and enti tled to charge a given s u m an d a pe rs on
voluntarily pe rfo rmi n g a duty whethe r i t b e a p ilot
age o r a s alvage s e rvice : the latte r has a right to
event

u ou

'

o a

e r on
en

i o

( y ) The H ed wi g

J
c

n ; The D ossei tei , 10


1 S pi nk s ,
ur
The L i ttle J oe, 1 L u h 8 8
8 6 5 , 8 66
See a ls o the A meri an
a s e , B r ig S u s a n , 1 S prag u e, 499
( 2 ) udg m en t of Dr L u s hin g ton , The B oma rs un d , 1 Lu sh
7 7, 7 8
( a ) u dg me nt of D r L u shi ng to n, The Otto H er ma n n , 3 3
L
I n The F elix, 1 S p i nks , 2 3, u ,
N S A d 18 9, 190
ha e determin ed to
Dr Lu s hin g t on i s thu s reported
I f the es s el i s i n a
d e id e these ques ti on s i n this w a y
d a ma g ed s ta te,
s ha ll d etermi n e tha t i t is a s i g nal for a ss is t
es sel w an ts i t ; b u t w hen the
es s el i s n ot
an e , be au s e the
s ha ll
ons true
i n a d amag ed s tate, a n d a pi lo t on ly is w an ted,
i t to b e a s ig nal for a pilot
Tha t s eems on s is ten t w ith prob a

b i lity
S ee al so The D yg cl en ,
( b) The Roseha ug h, 1 S pin k , 2 6 7
1 No tes of Cas es , 1 15
The E ug en/5 e, 3 b i d 4 3 0

no

36

TH E

Ca n

ii

LAW

O F SA LV A G E

exe rcis e his own judgm ent as to wheth e r he will go


out on the s ervi ce o r not and m ay th en demand a
fair re mune ration fo r wh ateve r he doe s
W he re pers on s voluntee r s ervi ce s o f thi s n ature
howeve r t hey are e xpected to b ring to the tas k if
not the nauti cal s k ill o f qu alied p ilot s at leas t
o rdi nary s kill and ab ili ty ; and alth ough the C ou rt
wi ll look w i th c o n s i de ra ble i n dulgence upon the ir
e fforts when n o on e el s e is on th e s pot capable o f
rend eri ng m ore efc i ent a s s i s tance and theirs i s the
o nly aid that can be p rocu red i t wi ll v i ew w i th dis
fav o u r the conduct of i nco mp e tent pe rs on s who
as s um e the character o f s alvors whe n the re are other
pers on s pre s ent capable of dis charging tho s e dutie s
I n A m e ri ca the law s o f mo s t o f th e S tate s make i t
part o f the duty o f a p ilot to as sis t ve s s el s in dis tre s s
and in s ome in s tance s give the rate o f extra compen
S uch s e rvice s are there fore
s ati on to be award e d
ge nerally con si de red as extra p ilota ge s ervi ce s and
not as s al vage ( e) ; an d the A me rican C ou rt s h ave in
s eve ral ca s e s whe re s alv age would ha v e been awarded
to p il o t s by the English C ou rt of A dmiral ty held the
Thu s w he re the mas te r
s ervi ce to be mere p ilot age
o f a ve s s el aground m a de an agreem ent wi th a p ilot
to get her o for 5 00 doll ars and take her i nto port
the S upre me C ourt of New Y ork re fu s ed to en force
,

A me ri an
la w as to
p i lots sal

v s
or

Per Dr L ushi ng ton, The Roseha u g h, u bi su p r a


I t was
formerly held t hat p ersons a s u ming the hara ter and d uties
of p il ots w ere e ntitled to b e remun erated on ly as pilo s, a nd
See The Col u mbu s, 2 Ha g g 17 8 , n ; The
not a s s al or
'
b
i
1
d
3
8
n
l
B
a
t
m
3
6
Tha , ho w e er, ca n no l ong er
h
i
s
u
n
a
F
,
,
p
b e reg arded as the s tate of the la w
The 36 oth, 3 6 l s t,
( d ) The B yg d ea , 1 No tes of Ca ses, 115
and 3 6 2 ml s ections of t he Me r ha nt Shipping Act, 18 5 4, reg u la te
the e mpl oymen t o f u nqua lied pi lots
( e) 2 Parsons on S hippi ng , 2 7 1

( 0)

W H O MA Y CLA I M A S S A L VO RS

TU G S

this a g ree m ent on the ground tha t the p ilot w as


bound to render as s is ta nce and could recove r a n
a dequate co m pen s ati on unde r the s tat u te
(f ) ; an d in
a not he r ca s e
( y ) w he re a ve s s el which w hil s t goi ng
out o f harbou r i n wi nte r beca m e injured by i ce an d
ne arly lled wi th w a te r was s a v ed by a p i lot boat
the s e rvi c e w as held to be only p ilotage
I n o the r ca s e s h o we v e r the ext ra s e rvice s o f p i lot s
have been held to ent i tle t he m to s alvage re ward h
( )
,

ca n

11

S a l vag e by Tag

W he re a s te am er i s enga ged to rende r towage

s er

ru g s g on e
ra l l
en
ti m d t o

ve s s el s he i s b o und by h er agree m ent to do i


all tha t i s nece s s ary to fac ili tate the s afe voyage o f
i
th e ve s s e l S he i s to ta ke the ch ance o f bad weathe r
fg
whic h m ay occa s io n delay an d inconveni ence a n d fo r w th
h er s e rvi ces i n t hi s re s pect s he i s enti tled only to
towa g e re m une ra tio n
to

v1ce

ea

C a ll a a n
S l oo p Pera g i o,

(f

H a llett 1 Cai ne
2 12 ;

ee,

( 9) The S choon er W a ve
( h) H o ba r t v B rog a n ,

exter v.

04
S ee a lso D u la n y
B a rk Ri hmon d , 4 A mer
.

Hyer , 2 Pa i ne , C C 13 1
10 Pe ter s , 10 8 ; L ea v S hi p A l ex
.

cs

I n the la tter a e, w here a p i lot


2 Pa i n e, C C 466
g ot a e s e l o il a s hoa l , h e was hel d to b e en t itled to sa l ag e
B r ig D i d o, b id 2 43 , w here s er i es r en d ered
S ee a ls o H op e
b y p il ots to a ess el at s ea, a n d w ithout a ru dd er, w ere held to
b e sal ag e er i es , o n the g rou n d that the es s el w as u n
H i n kl ey, 1 A b b o tt, 43 6 ; S hi p
Se e al s o L ove
na i g a ble
bs er er, 2 5 7 ; a nd The S tea mboa t
Wa rr en , 12 N Y L
T P L ea ther s , 1 Ne w berry , A d m 4 2 1, w here i t wa s held
tha t the su rren der o f a tea m b oat on re to the are and p ro
tecti on o f another s tea mer, di ol ed the on tra t b etween the
s u rren de red b oat a n d i ts p i lot, an d that the p il ot, b y i m
p ortan t er i es u b s equ en tly ren dered b eyon d the l ine of his
d u ty , w as ent i tle d to la i m as one of the sa l ors
( i ) u dg m ent o f Dr Lu hin g to n , The G a l a tea , S wa 3 49
Se e al o The L a d y E g i d i a , Lu s h 5 13 The A rthu r, 6 L T
N S 5 5 6
a n d er ,

v s

"

v
v
s vc

s vc

J
s

vc

ss v

of

38

L AW

THE

or S A L VA G E

tate of the w ind and weathe r at the time the


however to be t aken
B m m h e ag ree ment i s ente red into i s
into co n si de ration i n dete rmi n ing th e actu al n a ture
3:
o f the obligati on whi ch i s un de rta ken
I appre

hend
s ay s Dr
L u s hington ( lo)
th at w hen a
m a s ter o f a ve s s e l c o nt ract s w i th the m a s ter o f a tug
i t i s upon the s uppo s i ti on that the w ind and weath e r
and the time for p e rforming the s ervi ce wi ll be wha t
are o rd inary at the ti m e o f year and th at the su m
contracted for i s that w hi ch i s s uppo s ed to be a su f
ci ent remune rat ion for the o rd inary pe rformance o f
the voyage
I f the tug is m e rely ordinari ly
delayed in perfor ming the s ervice it i s not to have
addi ti onal remune rati o n but if the delay be u n ex
p ecte d and beyond all conte mplati on th en i t m u s t

h ave s o methi ng addi ti onal ( Z)


If during the to w
age the weather should becom e s uch as to render
the com pletion of the u n de rtaking on the part of the
tug i m pos si ble the s e rvi ces whi ch she s ub s equently
rende rs to the ve s s el wi ll be i n the n ature o f s al
vage
The law upon this s ubject wa s mo s t fully d is cu s s ed
J dg m t i
mw
in the c a s e o f The M i n neha ha both i n the C ourt o f
zf
A dmi ra lty and on appeal and i t was t hu s lai d down
i n the judgment of the J udi ci al C o mmi ttee o f the Pri vy
W hen a s teamboat engage s to tow a
C ounc il ( m) z
T g s
t

ve s s el for a certai n rem unerati on from one pom t to


33:
another s he doe s not warrant that s he will be able
fgg g w t to do s o and wi ll do s o under all circ u ms ta nces and
*
3
but s he doe s engage that she w ill
d v rs at all haz ard s ;
can

The

en

'

'

en

en

ea

ou

( lo)
(l)

The White S tar, L R 1 A d 6 8


See a ls o The E lle n, Lush 5 5 0
.

349
( m) Lus h 335
.

3 47

an d

The Ga la tea, S wa

W H O MA Y C L A I M A s S A L vo ns

T UG s

h er

39

be s t e nde avo urs for th at pu rpo s e and will am 11


b ring to the tas k co mpetent s k ill a n d s uch a c re w
ta ckle an d equi p ment s as are reas on ablv to be ex
S he m ay be p re I f i maj
p ecte d in a ve s s el o f her cla s s
d sf
vented fro m ful fi ll i ng h er cont ra ct by a a re maj or by {h p
r
acc i dent s whi ch w e re not c o nte mplate d and whi ch
m ay rende r the fu ll m ent o f her cont ra ct i m po s s ible
and in s uch a c as e by the gene ral rule o f l aw sh e is t s
reli eved fro m her o bl iga t i on s
B u t s h e doe s not
beco m e rel iev ed fro m h er obl iga ti on s b e cau s e u n fore
s een dii cu l ties occu r in the c o m pletio n o f her ta s k
bec a u s e the pe rfo rm ance o f the ta s k is i nte rrupted
o r cann o t be c o m pleted i n th e m ode i n wh ich i t w a s
o rigi nall y i n tended a s by the b re ak i ng o f the s hip s
ha w s e r
B u t if in th e d i s c harge o f thi s ta sk by U f s
d
h l
g
s udden V i olence o f W i nd s o r wa v e s
o r othe r acc 1 p
i g t
hi
t g
dent s the s hi p i n to w l s pl a c e d i n d ange r and titl d t
l
f
the to w mg v es s e l i ncu rs ri s k s and pe rfo rm s duti e s Z
i ng
i
whi ch were not wi thin the s c o pe o f he r original en
a e m e n t s he i s en ti tled to add i t ion al re mune rati on
g g
an d
fo r a ddi ti on a l s e r vi ce s i f the s hip be s aved

u se

v s

or

er

en

er

er

ur

a e

'

n or e e e n

an

er

en n

en

va

er

V c

S ee als o u pon this The Pr in es s A l i ce, 3 W Rob 13 8 , where


M
i
n
t
o
n
1
40
o
b
se
r
es
an y i r u ms tan es , i t i s
L
u
s
h
:
Dr
(p
g
)
o u rse o f s u h e m p loy ment, w hi h
o b i ou s , may ar is e i n t he
may on ert the er i e i nto the hara ter o f a a l ag e ser i e ,
a s , fo r exa m ple , w he re t he s hi p i n t o w i s d isa b led i n he r b u ll or
rig g in g , o r where s he i s a g ro u nd , or w here the ser i e i tsel f i s at

l
n
r
n
r
l
ur
t
t
h
w
i
n
es
s
e
o
e to
t end ed w i th d a g e or ext ra ord i a y a b o
g
A n d see The Wi l l i a m B ra n d t, J u n i o r , 2 Notes o f Cases , S up p
The ag ree
6 7 , w he re the sa me l ea rn e d j ud g e is thu s rep or ted
I f i n the perfor ma n e of a s al a g e
men t w as for tow in g o nly
( mis p ri nt for towag e) servi ce, s u h towi ng bei ng honestly, fai rly ,
id en t,
an d s ki lfu l ly p e rform e d, i t ha ppen s from i ne ita b le a
ontrol , that a n a i de n t
o er w hi h nei ther party has any
ess el t ak en i n to w, an d ess en tia l s er i es a re ren
u rs t o t he
o
d ere d b y th e ess e l ag reei ng to t o w her from o ne p lace to
an o ther, I a m o f op i n io n that the a g ree me nt d oes no t o e r s u ch
I thi n k I s hou ld b e l ayi n g d o wn a ery dang erous
a ser vi e

(0 )

c v

s vc

c c

c
vc

s v
vc

v
cc

vc

cc
cc

cv

40
Ca n

T HE

11

may claim

OF

LA W

S A LV A G E

l v o r i n s tead o f being restricted to the


W hether
s u m stipul ated to b e p aid for m e re tow ag e
this larg e r re mun eration is to be considered as in
addition to or s u b s tit u tio n for the p rice o f towag e is
The me a sure o f
o f little co n s e que n ce p ractic ally ( p )
the s u m to b e al lowed a s sa lva g e would o f cou rse be
i ncre as ed or dim i n ished according as the price of
towag e was or was n o t in cluded i n it I n the ca ses
on this su bj e ct the towag e co ntract is g e nerally
spoken of as s uperseded by the ri g ht to s alvag e
I t is n o t disp u ted th a t th es e a re the r u les which
are acted u po n i n the C o u rt o f A d mi ralty an d they
appe ar to thei r lo rd s hips to be foun ded in re a son
an d i n public policy an d to be no t i n con sisten t with
le g al p ri n ciple s The tu g is relieved fro m the per
fo rmance o f her co n tract by the impossibility o f
pe rfo rmi ng it b u t i f the perfo rman ce of it be pos
sible but in the co u rs e o f it the s hip in her ch arg e
is exposed by u na v oidable a cciden t to d an g ers which
require from the tu g s ervices o f a differe n t cl ass an d
be aring a hi g he r rate of p aym e n t it is held to be
implied i n the co n t ract tha t s he sh all be p aid at such
hig her r ate To hold on the o n e h an d th at a t ug
havi ng con tracted to to w is bou n d wh ateve r h appe n s
as a s a

o
o
o

o
o

o
o o

d ctrin e, if I w ere to h l d tha t w he re a p ers n ag rees t per


f rm the s i mpl e d u ty of t wi ng fro m the N re to L nd n, i f
fr m s tress of w eather, fr m a n a c i den t ha ppen ing to the s hi p,
ther irc umsta n es of a li ke n atu re, it sh u ld so happ en
or
ther an d d i erent s er i es ha e to b e d is ha rg ed, t he
t hat

orig inal a g reem ent i s b indi ng on the p art ies


S ee als The
G al a tea , S wa 3 49
( p) The fa t, h we er, that the tu g was en g ag ed i n the s er
i e o f the vas el sa ed, w ill tend to d i minis h the qu antu m
of the reward for the e xtra rdi nary s er i e rendered
S ee
udg ment o f Dr Lu s hi ng t n i n The Wi lli a m B ra nd t Jun io r
,
,
2 N tes of Cas es , S upp 6 7

vc

o v
v

vc

vc

W H O MA Y C L A I M A S SA L V O RS J T UG S

fte r

41

the co n t ract thoug h n o t i n the con te mpl ation G


II
o f the p artie s
an d a t al l h az ards to he rs e l f to t a ke
t he ship to h e r d e sti n a tio n
or o n the othe r th a t
the m o m en t the pe rfo rm an ce o f the co n t ract i s i n
terru te d or its co m pleti o n i n the m ode o ri i n ally
p
g
i n te n ded beco mes i m pos s i b le the tu g is relie ved
fro m all fu rthe r d u ty an d at libe rty to aban don the
s hip i n h er ch ar e to he r fa te wo u ld b e alik e i n con
g
siste n t with the p u blic i n te rests
The ru le as it i s est a bli s hed g u ards a g a in st both
i n co nve n ie n ces an d p rovid e s at the sa m e ti me fo r
the s afe ty o f the ship an d the j ust re m un eration of
the tu g
The ru l e ha s b e e n lon g s ettle d ; p arties
e n te r i n to towag e co n tracts o n the faith of it an d we
s hould be extre m e ly s o rry th a t an
y dou bt s ho u ld be
s u ppos e d to exi s t u po n it
I t is s aid th a t it has
n e v e r b e en b rou ht be fo re u s for decisio n
If so
g
con side ri n g how o fte n the ru l e has b een a ct e d u pon
the n ec es s ary i n fere n ce is th a t it ha s n e v er b een
m ade the s u bject o f appe al bec a u se it has bee n u n i
vers al l
y a cquiesced in

W hethe r the ci rcu m stan ces i n e a ch p ar tic u l ar N d di


ti
l
c a se are s u i cren t to t u rn to wag e i n to s alvag e m u st w d
wh
d
o fte n be a subj ect o f g re at do u bt as i t I S i n the p re g c d
b y m i co
s en t c as e
but the re i s on e poi n t upo n wh i ch th ei r d ct g li
c
g
lO I dS hl pS can e n te rtai n n o doubt a n d u po n wh i ch i i p i ty
ft g
they are s u rp ri s ed th a t an y do u bt s ho u ld h a v e bee n
throw n a t the b ar I f the d an g e r fro m which the
ship has been re s c u ed i s attrib u table to the fau lt o f
the tu g i f the tu g whethe r by wil ful m iscon d u ct
o r by n e li e n ce or by w an t o f th at re a so nable s kill
g g
a

nu

o a

on a

re

ar

er e

er

an

au s e
s

en

i ca

o u pon thi The Ed war d


The S a ra tog a 1 L us h 3 18

( q) See
and

a ls

s,

H a wkins, 1 Lush 5 15
.

ne

e, or

ac
'

42

LAW

TH E

G un

II

OF

SA

LVA G E

equ ip ments which are i mplied in the tow ag e con


tract has occ as io ned o r m a te ri ally co n t ributed to
the dang e r we can h ave n o h e sita tion in sta tin g ou r
opi n io n th at s he can h av e no cl ai m to s alvag e She
ne ve r can be pe rmitted to p rot by her o wn w ron g
o r defau lt
W h e n it is re m e m be red ho w m u ch i n all
c ase s ho w e n tirely in man y c a se s a ship i n tow
i s at the m e rcy of the tu g ; ho w e as ily with the
k n owledg e which the c re ws o f s uch bo ats u s u ally
h av e o f th e wa te rs o n which they ply they m av
place an y ship in thei r ch arg e i n g re a t real o r app a
re n t pe ril how di f cult o f detectio n s u ch a c ri m e
m u s t b e an d ho w s t ron g the te m pt a tion to co mm it
it their lo rd s hip s are o f opi n io n th a t s u ch c as es re
q u ire to be w atched with the close s t atte n tio n an d
n o t witho u t s om e de ree o f je alousy
g
f
I n ill u s tra tion o f the p rin ciple abo v e l aid do w n
a s to the ri ht o f the tu
g
g to extra re mu n e ratio n fo r
extra ordi nary s e rv ic es it may be co n v e n i en t to refe r
to the ci rcum s tan ce s o f the followin g c as e s i n w hic h
s u ch ext ra re m u ne ratio n w as aw a rd e d
I n the c a s e
the n u n de r di s cu s s io n The M i n n eha ha the vessel
p roceeded ag ain st w as a l arg e ship with a v alu
able carg o which had b ro u g ht u p i n the m ou th o f
the Me rsey
She the re e n g ag ed The U K
a
ste am tug to to w her to L iverpool for thirty g ui n e as
an d sho rtly afte r th e s e rvic e co mm e n ced the h awse r
brok e an d the s hip d rifte d ove r a s hoal i n to F o rm
hy Hole a place o f dang e r an d T he U K g ot out
her o wn hawse r an d a tta che d it to The M i n n e ha ha
an d with the as sist ance o f an othe r tu g m an ce u vred
the ship so as to p reve n t h er g etting fa s t o n the
or

n s ta n

s al

es o

ag e s u

p er s e d i n g
t o w ag e
.

( r)

See al s o The A nn a/p elts , 1 Lush 35 5


.

M AY

W HO

L I

C A M AS

SA

LVO RS

T UG S

43

b an k an d eve n tually su cce ed ed i n towi ng her i n to am 11


L iv e rpool F o r this se rvice th e tu g w as held e n titled
to s al vag e re w ard
I n a n e arly si m ila r c ase th a t o f T he A lbion
a ste a m tu
g w as e n g ag ed to to w the ship fro m
the No rth F o rel an d to G ra vesen d an d towed her
to the Pri n ces C h an n el whe re both vessels an chored
to stop tide
I n the ni g ht a g ale o f win d rose
an d blew the ship to sea with lo s s o f anchors an d
d am ag e to h awse pipes b o w pl an ki ng an d W i n dlass
The tu g was fo rced to ru n to R ams g ate an d the
next day the we athe r h avi n g m ode ra ted she put to
se a
an d after a co n siderable se ar ch d iscove red the
ship which had received an a n chor and ch ain by a
lug g e r fro m the sho re The s hip w as then towe d
wit h the a s s ist an ce of an othe r tu g to the po rt o f
I t was held th at the se rvices o f both tug s
L on don
we re i n the n atu re of s alvag e and th a t the rst tu g
wa s e n titl e d to s alvag e re m u n e ration fo r her l abour
an d loss o f ti m e whilst seeki n g the ship ( t)
I t is n o t necess ary to en title a tug to s alvag e i n Ri k t th
t g
t
ste a d of towag e re mune ration th a t she should have
ti l
un de rg o n e any risk in re n de ri ng the ext rao rdinary s er
vice s I n the ca se of The Per icles ( u ) Dr L ushing
to n i n re fe rri n g to the jud g me n t i n The M i n neha ha
I am n o t disposed for
thus exp resses hi msel f
petty s e rv ices to co n side r steam tug s relieved from
the o b lig a tion of the towag e con t ra ct but I do n o t
u n derstan d it to be law tha t a tug un der a con tract
to to w can un der no ci rcu mst an ces earn s alvag e re
,

( t) S ee
35 5

a ls

282

The S amatog

a,

Lu sh 3 18
.

(a )

Bro wn ing

Lus h 8 0, 8 1
.

The A nn ap o li s, Ib id

no

ess en

( s ) Lu s h

44

TH E

LAW

O F SA

LVA G E

ward unless she he rsel f i n c urs risk i n the pe rform


an ce o f the supe rio r s e rvice o f s avi n
I do n o t
g
g athe r s uch to be the law fro m the j u d g m e n t of th e
Pri vy C o u n cil n or is it i n a cco rd an c e with the ru l e s
o f s alva e p revaili n
Risk to the
g
g in thi s C ou rt
sal v or i s n o t a n ece s s a ry ele m e n t o f s alvag e thoug h
it does as we all k n ow e nh an ce the m erit of the

s e rvice a n d e arn a hi he r rew ard


g
Wh
I f afte r a towag e ag ree m e n t is ma de but b efore
cci d t
h pp
the tu g ha s comm e n ced the p erform an ce of her ta sk
b fo
t ow g
an a cciden t s ho u ld h appe n to the ve s s el a bo u t to be
comm
towed an d th e tu g ren de rs s al vag e as s i s tan ce she
will be e n titled to s alv ag e re w ard fo r those s er
v ic es ( x) Thu s whe re du rin g a g ale o f wi n d a tu g
a reed with the m a ste r o f a v e s s el to to w her from
g
the No re to L on don fo r 16 1 as s oon as the wea th e r
m ode ra ted an d i n the m ean tim e the vessel h av i ng
lo s t her jib stay fore tops ail y ard m is s ed s tay s an d
g o t u po n the B lyth S an d an d h ailed the tu g which
e n deavo u red u n succ es s fu lly to g et h er O K th a t tide
but n ext tide did to w her o ff an d took her to D ept
fo rd
The C o u rt con s ide re d th a t the l 6 l ag reed
u pon did n o t cove r the whole s e rvice a n d aw arded
the tu g 6 0 l
I n the abse n ce of a n y ag ree me n t to w ag e se rv ice
w g
l y
g
o ly for towag e re mu n eratio n o rdi narily applie s o nly to
pp l i
i
t
cas e s whe re the ve ssel receiv i n g the as sistan ce is u n
d
j
l

s ay s D r L ushin to n
i nj u re d
I app rehe n d
g
(z )
th at m e re towag e s e rv ice is co n n ed to v e s s els th a t
h ave rec e ived n o i nj u ry o r d amag e an d th at m e re
Ge a r

II

er e

en

en s

re

en ces

a e

en era

es

o un n

u re

v es s e s

The Wi lli a m B r a n dt, 2 N tes of Ca s es, S u pp 6 7


I b id
( 2 ) The Rewa rd, I W Rob 17 4 17 7

(a)

W HO

M AY

L A IM

AS

SA

LVO RS

T UG S

45

tow ag e reward i s p aya ble in tho s e cas e s o n ly whe re the


vessel receivi ng the s e rvice is i n the s a m e co ndition
s he would o rdi na rily be in witho u t h a v i n
g e n cou n

te red an
A n d i n a n othe r
y d am ag e o r accide n t
ca s e a
( ) the s am e le arn ed j u dg e in decidi ng upo n
the clai m o f a ste am e r to s al v ag e re m un e ration
s ays W ith re g ard to the cl ai m o f th e s team ship
she pe rfo rm s a se rv ice to a ves s el disabled an d i n
di s t ress an d taki n g her i n tow c an n ot by po s s ibility

m
be co p ared to an o rdi n ary towag e se rvice
The re are m an y i n st an ces i n which s te am vessel s
h av e co n sequ en tly b e e n held en titled to s alvag e
re w ard for m e re ly towi n
Thu s
g dis a bl e d ve s s el s
whe re a m ail s team er c arryi n g p as s en g e rs lo s t h er
sc rew whilst at s ea but bein g fu lly equ ipped a s a
s aili n g ve s s e l m a de s ail the we athe r bein g n e but
the wi n d lig ht an d a dve rs e and th ree day s afte r the
a cciden t an d whil s t s he w as still he ati n
g to win d ward
fel l i n w ith an othe r s te a m e r which a t her requ est
took her in tow an d towed her i n to po rt ; the
ste a m er re n de ri n g this service was held en titled to
s alvag e
A n d i n an othe r an d p reviou s c ase
whe re an E a st I n di am an g oi ng dow n C han n el w a s
co m p letely dis m aste d by a s u dde n squ all but h avi n g
fo u r an cho rs an d 4 12 fa tho m s o f cha in c able she
a n cho red i n m id ch an n el
a n d the n ext d a
y the
we athe r bei ng n e j u ry m asts we re rig g ed an d the
,

c
v

A d lp he, S wa 15 3 15 7
For a s es where
the s te a mer was hel d en t itled to m ere t w a g e, the ess el t w ed
b ei ng i n n o d ang e r, see The Pr i n ess A lice, 3 W Ro b 13 8 ;
The H a r b i ng er, 16 Ju ris t, 7 2 9 The L a d y E g i di a , L u s h 5 13
The G a l a tea , S wa 3 4 9
( b ) The E l l ra , Lu s h 5 5 0 S ee T he B a tamer , 1 S pi nks , 16 9
( ) The I sa bell a , 3 Hag g 4 2 7

( a ) The Char l es

'

arm

II

46

LA W

TH E

or S A

LV AGE

ma te

sen t on sho re to eng ag e a steam e r which s ub


seque n tly came ou t an d tow e d the ves s el to an nu
chore g e I n thi s ca s e th e Tri n ity M a sters we re o f
O pi n ion a s se am e n th a t the s e rv ice wa s m erely tow
a e the re bei n
g
g n o ri s k n o s tra i n in g of e ng i n es an d
the wea ther bei ng fair duri ng the whole ti m e ; b u t
they thoug ht the s e rv ice thoug h n o t e s s en ti al to the
s a fety o f the vessel o n e th a t s h o u ld be h an dsom ely
rewa rded
an d the C o u rt dec reed the s te am e r en
titled to s alvag e
The co n ce almen t fro m the tug by the ma ste r o f
C
h
m n f
the vessel to be towed o f her damag ed co n ditio n
d m g
titli
t
m ay en ti tle the tu g to rep u d i ate the tow ag e ag ree
t
gg
t
gm t
g
m en t an d to s u e fo r s alva g e ( e)
T he re i s n o obl i
g a ti o n how e v e r u pon the m aste r o f a ve s s el to poin t
out to tho s e with whom he i s about to co n tract for
a s s ist an ce
eve ry circ u mstan ce th a t has occurred
duri ng the v oyag e ( f ) To s ustain the rep u dia tion
E
t f
o f th e a ree m e n t th ere m u s t h a ve bee n a de libe ra t e
g
v l
co n ce al me n t o f ci rcu m stan ces i mpo rtant in the m
sel v es (g ) an d of s u ch a n atu re as to ope rat e to the
inj ury of the own ers o f the tu g in the perfo rman ce
o f her t a sk
A n d whe re the own e rs an d c rew o f a
tu g which had e n t e red i n to a n ag ree m e n t fo r the
towag e o f a vessel s ued for s alvag e alle g in g the
ag reem e n t to be i n v alid by re a so n o f the fa ct o f the
illn ess o f a g reat p art of the cre w of the v e s s el sav ed
h avin g bee n withheld fro m the m but failed to p rove
th at the p rope rty had been in any dan g e r the C o u rt
Ge ar

11

o n ce a
e

a e en

o re

re e

en

ec

es s e

"

T he B e ul ah, 2 N tes
R ver, 3 W Rob 15 0
( e) The K in g a l och, 1 S pin ks , 2 6 3
( f ) The J ong e A n d r i cs, S wa 226
(g ) I bidl

(d)

S ee

a ls
.

of

Cas es , 6 1

The

Red

W H O MA Y C L A I M a s S A L V O Rs

>

sn n

s AG

E NT

47

p ronounced for the agree ment and di s mis s ed the h m I I


clai m wi th co s t s
W he re a tug co me s to the a s s i s tance o f a s hi p in T g h ld t
m
t
g
dange r and m ake s a towa ge cont ra ct a n d n o thmg wi th d i
s upe rvene s a fte rw ard s to c h ange the cha racte r o f th e
s e rvi ce s th e tug i s not enti tle d notwi th s t a
nding the
di s tre s s e d cond iti on o f the ve s s el to m ore t han m e re
tow age r em une rat i on
W h e n th e tug Pe rfo rm s extra s e rvi ce s s uch as
55
putting the m as te r on s hore to b ring o add iti onal t g
a nc ho rs
s he w i l l b e enti tl e d to cl ai m add i ti onal re
mu n eration fo r t ho s e s e rvi ce s
.

a re e

en
s

'

'

S hip
The

'

Ag

en t

C la i mi ng S a l vag

cceptance of an age n cy for the s hip fro m the i


gi g f g
E
m as te r o r owne r doe s not di s qualify th e agent fro m sal v g
m ai nt a in ing a s n i t fo r s alvage i n re s pect of any s er
vi ce s o f tha t n ature which he m ay rende r during
the cou rs e o f hi s e m pl o y m ent
S t rictly s pe ak ing
h o w eve r s uc h s e rvi ce s are to be reg a rd e d ra the r i n
the l igh t o f a m eri to ri ou s a gency t ha n a s s alvage ( l)
and the agent i s to be rew arded upon a le s s l ibe ral
s c al e
tha n v olun tee r s al v o rs s u ing
i n re s pect o f

ext ra o rdin ary s e rvi ce s


s ay s D r
I w ill a s s u m e
L u s hi ngton ( m) the cas e o f a ve s s el beco mi ng
s t randed i n the vi c1n 1t
y o f a po rt w he re the re re s i de s
a pe rs o n carryi ng on the bu si ne s s o f a m e rc hant and
s hi p agent
and tha t the m as te r appli e s to s uc h
a

s a

( it ) The Ca n az a L R 1 A d 5 4
( i ) The M in n eha ha 1 Lu s h
( k) The W hi te b l cu , L it 1 A d 0 8
2 5 9 ; The Wa tt,
( l) The F a vori te, 2 W Ro b 25 5
'

'

'

'

70

( m)

The P uri as i ma Con cep i on , 3 W

Ro b

18 1, 18 2

I bi d

e.

en t

48
CRA P

II

TH E

LAW

S A LV A GE .

OF

pers on in the character o f s hip agent fo r s uch


a s sis tance i n getting o ff the s hi p and cargo as under
I will further
the c ircu ms t ance s may be nec es s ary
a ss u me that s uch agent undertake s the tas k and
e mploy s the nece s s ary pers on s to perform i t he
hims elf pe rs on ally s upe rinten ding the ope rat ion s
but taking no acti v e p art i n the duty and n o t in
curring the s ligh te s t ri s k to his own life or danger
to hi s pers o n The que s ti on i s Whether an i ndi
vi dual clai mi ng a s s alvo r unde r s uch a s tate o f cir
can or cannot m aintai n hi s acti on in
c u ms ta nce s
this C ourt ? Upon a bal an ce o f all con si de rati on s
i ndependently o f d e c ided authori tie s I am clearly o f
op inio n t ha t i t i s for the ad v antage of all partie s
conce rn ed an d fo r the benet o f me rcanti le i ntere s t s
i n g eneral tha t the C ou rt s hould po s s e ss the ju ris

i
h
diction to enterta n t e s uit ( a ) A nd where a
pe rs on who unde r an agree ment wi th the mas ter of
a s tranded v e s s el to ok charge of the s hi p which
s ub s equently went to p i ece s and s ucceeded i n s avi ng
to the
an d wa re h o u s ing a p o rti o n o f the cargo
value of abou t 6 00 l b rough t a s ui t for s alvag e
remune ra ti on an d the re turn o f his expen s e s
,

( n ) See also The Happ y Retur n


C Ro b in so n de cided tha t a p erso n

2 Hag g 198 , i n whi h Sir


m ig ht act as an a g ent, and
.
lai m a s sal or, a lt ho ug h he di d no t i n p e rs on actually per form
tri tl y i n t he n a t ure of a sa l a g e ser ice
a nything
I n this
case the Cou rt wa s sa ti s ed , u p on the e iden e, that i t was
u nders tood and s u f ient ly e xp ress ed , tha t the clai mant w ho
,
had b een a pp oi n ted
the tru e a nd l a w fu l a ttorn ey, i n the na me
o f the ma ter, to u se a ll possibl e means for t he re o e r of the
y

arg o
s hou ld a ct as a g ent , a n d that hi s
s hi p an d
l aim fo r
s al ag e s hou ld b e o ntrolle d b y that u nd ers ta nding : i t held that
n e e rthel ess
d id n ot whol ly su persed e t he
s u h chara ter
hara cter o f a a l or s o a s to e x l u de t he j u risdi tion of t he
S ee a lso 7 he Ca rg o E x H onor, L R
Court of A d mi ral ty
ep 1
A d 8 7 ; The V esta, 4 I ri s h J uri t, 210
.

s c

v
c

cv

v
s v

'

W H O MA Y C L A I M a s S A L vo ns

sn i r s A G

E NT

49

am

the C our t ente rtai ned the s u i t


ounting to
and awarded 2 5 0 2 to cove r all expens e s except
co s t s
The fact th at the clai mant acted a s L lo yd s agent Ll y d s
t
g
at the port whe re the s ervices we re rende re d wi ll
not d is entitle hi m to s u e for s alvage ( p ) A n d whe re
a fo re i gn ve s s el went aground and the m as te r applied
to a s hip age nt who w as L lo vd s agent a t the place
and the a gent took ch arge o f the ve s s el e mployed
m en to unload her and the ve s s el h av ing by t he i r
as s i s t ance b een got o ff w as b rough t i nto harbou r
w he re the cargo w as s old The a gent s clai m and
account s havi ng been dis puted he brought an actio n
a s a s alvo r and th e C ou rt notwi th s ta n d in g he h a d
only e m ployed m en and had hi m s el f i ncurred no p er
s on a l r is k in the t r an s acti on ente rt ai ned the clai m
( 9)
I f a m agis trate a ctin g i n hi s public c ap a ci ty M g i st
s h ould go beyond the li mi t s of hi s o fc i al duty i n
g ivi ng ext raord i nary a s s is tan ce h e i s ent itled to
s a lvage re w a rd ( r )
,

en

W Rob

The H a pp y
Retu rn , u bi s up ra , where the Cou rt o ut of a valu e o f 4 5 0 0 l ,
g av e, tog ether w ith cos ts , 2 2 5 1 to the a g en t cl a imi ng s a lvag e,
B u t see The Ca rg o E a:
i n ad di ti on to 8 l 5 l for d i s b u rs emen ts
H on or ( u bi s up ra ), w here the d i s b u rs em en ts w ere 119l , and a

( o) The F a vori te

25 5

S ee

al s o

8 0 1 addi ti on al w as held to b e s u i cie nt


( p ) The Pw i s si m a Con cep cio n , 3 W Ro b 18 1
Bu t s ee The L i vely, 3 W Bob 6 4, w here Dr Lu s h
( q) b i d
i n g ton d i s missed a s u it b y a L loy d s a g e n t, i n w hi h the la i ma n t
a ll eg ed t hat he ha d e n g a g ed men an d hors es , a nd d i re ted thei r
I n that as e ho we e r, the la i mant had b een
e mpl oy men t
an d the nature o f
pai d 2 OL i n add iti on to expenses of
his ser i es w as di p u ted
(r ) The A qu i l a , 1 C Rob 3 7 46 I n this ase , how e er,
the la i ma n t was held n ot to ha e r endered s u h ser i es as to
I n the A m eri a n as e
ent it le hi m t o pa rti i pate i n the sal ag e
L e Ti g r e, 3 W as h C C 5 6 7 , W as hi ng ton , J is thu s r e porte d
W e ha e no d ou b t that i f a ol le to r, or other r e en u e of er,
i n ten di ng to act in the li ne of his of ial d u ty, b u t m i s ta k i ng
t en d e r

of

vc

vc
c

ra t e

LA W

TH E

SA L

OF

VA G E

seamen o f her Majesty s vessels who


render salvag e servi c e s and enc ou nter p erso nal ri sk
S lv g b y

gg f g giy and lab ou r stand on the same fo o ting as o ther


alv o rs
s
They are n ot to b e employed g ra tu i

g
g

;
Z
tou sly in the s alvag e of pr o perty of private indi
vi dual s to s ave them fr o m exp ense n o r are they to
h az ard their l ives o r u nderg o l ab ou r w itho u t re
ward ( t) They are entitled to b e rewarded in a
preci sely s imilar m anner on the same prin ciples
an d i n t he s a me de r ee as o ther per s o ns r e nder in g
g
su ch s ervic es ( u )
The fact h o wever that the
salvo rs do n o t r isk their ow n pr o perty will b e taken
i nt o c o n s i der a ti on i n xin g the s u m to b e aw arded (x)
B y an o rder o f t he B o ard of A dmi ral ty o f 3 0 th
J anu ary 18 5 2 of cers of he r M aj e s ty s sh ips are
di rected n o t to cl aim fo r s alva e services rende r e d
to vessels in di stre ss u nle s s the s e rvice was really
i mp ortant or accomp ani ed wi th haz ard ( y ) and n o
salvag e clai m b y o f cers and men o f the Ro ya l Navy
i s to b e nally adj u di c ated u p on u nless the wr i tten
O f cers

0 m m 11
.

an

tran s ce di g his au thority i s the meritori o s


s avi g p roperty to the ow er he i s not precl ud d o
t f the m otive which a ctuated hi m f om clai min g

the l a w,
a u s e of

cc
salv
a

ou n

a g e.

and

The Wi ls ons , 1 W Rob 17 2 S ee The A l ma , 1 L us h 3 7 8 ;


The L ou is a , 1 Dods on , 3 17 ; The Ewell Gr ove, 3 Ha g g 2 09 ;
The Rosa li e, 1 S pi n ks , 18 8 ; The M a/ry P lea s a n ts, S wa 2 24
The Theti s, 3 Hag g 14 ; The Mary A nn , 1 Hag g 15 8 ; The
B ea ver, 3 C Rob 2 92
( t) J udg men t o f S ir John Nicholl, The Lu s tr e, 3 Hag g 15 4
(u ) The I od in e, 3 Notes of Cas es , 140 The Cha r l otte Wy li e,
5 Notes o f Ca ses , 4
(x) The E a r l of Eg li mon, S wa 7 See The A lma , 1 Lu s h
37 8
( 31) S ee al so The Rap i d , 3 Hag g 4 19 42 1, w here S ir Rob ert
ud g ment,
Ni hol] , i n g i in g
ob ser es ,
t
ha t to en ti tle her

Ma es ty s shi ps to la im sal ag e, the ser i e r en dered mu s t b e


i mp ortant
S ee al s o The F r a n is a nd E liz a , 2 Dodo 115

(s)

c
j

vc

W H O M A Y C L A I M A S S A L V O RS

RO YA L NA V Y

31

consent o f the S ecretary to the A dm iralty has b een mm


rst o b tai ned and i n the ab sence o f s u ch c o nsent
the sui t is to b e d ism i ssed wi th co sts (z ) ; s u bj ect to
the same con s ent b ei ng ob tai ned o f cers an d men o f
the Ro yal Navy can al so recover rem u nera tio n for life
salvag e ( e )
The A mer ican law cann o t b e said to d i er in any A m i
m ateri al respec t fr o m that o f n g land w i th r e s pec t
to salvag e s ervi ces r e ndered b y s ea m en c o nnecte d
wi th the ship s o f w ar o f the Un ited S ta tes I t
wou ld appear h o weve r to b e an u n u s u al thing fo r
s u ch sh ips to clai m s alvag e ( b) B y on e o f the
Un i ted S tates s t at u te s
the Presi dent i s au th o
ri s e d to ca u se a s u i ta b le n u m b er o f p u b li c vess els to
crui se u p o n the c o ast i n the severe p o rti o n of the
se a s o n for the p u rp o se o f a ording assis tance to
vessels in di stress W hilst eng ag ed in that service
th e o p ini o n seems to b e th a t t h e y w o u ld n o t b e
enti tled to any extra c o mpensatio n b u t th at there is
nothi ng to prevent them acting as salvo rs at an v
o ther t i me
A s to the nat u re o f the serv ices
whi ch wo u ld enti tle g overnment vess els to s u e as
salvo r s the o b servati o ns o f Mr J u sti ce Nels on i n

11

'

er can

'

ct c

I n li eu of the ab o e pro
10 4, s 48 5
17 8; 18 V i
isi on , it i s p op osed b y the New Me han S hi ppi ng Code,
ha
la i ms for sa l ag e en de ed b y a ny o f her
B 4 17 , to en a

Ma es y s s hips , or by the o mma nd e a n d ew he eof, are on l y


to be m a de, a n d p ose u ed b y the A d mi a l y a t hei di s e e
e w, b efo e a ny C ou
i on, on b ehalf o f s u h omman de or
havi n g A d mi a l y u ri s di i on
( a ) The A lma , 1 Lu s h 3 7 8 38 1 For the p o is ion s as to

en d e ed b y Q u een s s hi ps a b oa d, s ee 17 8t 18
sal a g e ser i es
i
10 4 , as 4 8 6 , 4 8 7 , 4 8 8 , 4 8 9, 490 , 491, 4 92, 4 93 , 4 94
( b) Pa sons on S hipping , vol ii p 2 7 3
( 0 ) A ct of De emb e 2 2 , 18 3 7 , e 1
2 7 4 , w he e the op in i ons
( d ) S ee 2 Pa sons on S hi ppin g ,
u o ed
of the A meri an a o n eys g en e a l a re

( z)

r
ct t t c

j t

rc t
v r r
r
cr t r
r t
t
r
cr
r

c t
c c
r t j
ct
r

vc

rv

r
rt

v
V ct c

c
r

tt r

q t

5 2
C

HAR

THE
II

LAW

O F SA

LVA G E

the case o f The J os ep hi n e ( e ) g o to sh o w that the


A meri iran C ou rts le an a s d o e s the C ou rt o f A d
m iral ty in thi s c ou ntry ag ain s t s alvag e clai ms b y
these vessels where the servi ces have b een slig ht o r

u ni mp o rtant
I n s u ch c as es o b serve s Mr J u sti ce
Nelso n s o mething m o re than the u su al peri l
s h o u ld b e enc o u nter e d b
y the o i cers and cre w and
an extrao rdinary service s hou ld b e ren dered exceed
in g the d u ty i mp o s ed u p o n them b y the i r empl oy
ment in the p u b lic s ervi c e an d the special i nstru o
tio ns of the g o vern ment o n the s u bject O rdinary
servi ce i n re s cu i ng A meric an v es s els i n di stress
requ irin g n o g r e at hard s h ip o r peril on the part o f
the of cers and crew wou ld see m to fall di rectly
w i thi n the l i ne o f the
g eneral d u ty th u s enj oined
I t i s a servi ce b est owed b y the g overnment for the
pr o te ctio n and enc ou rag e m ent of i t s c o mmerci al
marine and the rig ht to imp o se th is d u ty on g o ve rn
ment ves s els is to o clear to b e c o ntro ve rted G reat
an d extra o rdi nary servi ce and peril in resc u i n
a
g
ves s el and her carg o w ou ld present a differ ent qu es
tio n and s tand u p o n different principle s a nd p o licy
S u ch a c t s s h ou ld o f th e mselves b e the su bj e ct o f
reward an d enc ou rag ement an d would n ot b e meces
s aril
y c o mpreh ended in the d u ty res u lti ng fro m the
p u b li c employment of the perso ns rendering i t o r

fro m the instru ctio ns o f the g overnmen t


,

tt

I n hi s ase the ni ed S a es w a r
2 Blateh C C 322
ow ed i n o a n A m eri a n
sl oop Plymou th
a n A me i a n
po
me hant essel , fou nd a b and on ed a t s ea 5 00 m i les d i s an ,
b ut t he d el ay a used was on ly o ne of tw o d ays , a nd n o ex
en d e ed , and n o un u s u a l ha d s hi
t rao rd inary se i e was
p or
The oi cers a n d rew we e held n ot to b e
p eril en ou n ered
en i l ed to s al ag e

( e)

rc

tt

c
rv c

rt

rc
t t

W H O MA Y CL A IM a s S A L V O RS

I t ha s b een

W A R vn s s a

5 3

h eld in A merica that the of cer s an d C H A 11


crew o f a fo reig n war ve s sel are enti tled to cl ai m a s S l v g b y
s alvo r s (f ) and i t is presu med that no objectio n
wou ld lie to s u ch a salvag e s u i t if b ro u g ht i n thi s g g g f
WM
c o un t ry
W here serv ices are rend ered b y o f cers and men C tg d
o f the co astg u ard service in watchin g or protecting
shipwrecked pro perty they are entitled u nless i t can
b e shown that thei r s e r vi ces were decli ned b y the
o wner o f the pr o perty
o r hi s a ent a t the t i me
g
thev were tendered to b e pai d b u t on ly accordi n g
to the scale o f rem u neratio n xed b y the B o ard o f
W i th respect h o wever to salvag e ser
T rade (g )
vi ces i nvo lving ri sk rendered b y c o a stg u ard men
althou g h it i s p art o f thei r d u ty to save life an d p ro
perty it is never t h eless a du ty fo r whi ch th e y are to
b e p a i d ; and if they i nc u r da n g er o r u ndertake
lab o u r b ey o nd the sc o pe o f thei r d u ties as p oin te d
out b
y the Merch a nt S hippin g A ct 18 5 4 and b y
the i nstr u ctio ns i ss u ed to them from the B o ard o f
Trade as if for i ns tance they act u ally p u t to s ea
to save l ives or pro perty
a n d wi th ri s k and e ffect
fro m a wrecked vessel they w ill b e entitled to
salvag e in the same manner and to the same extent
as other sal vo rs
P

"

o as

In
The H u n tr ess , 2 Wa ll a ce , J un , Rep 5 9

this cas e a s u m of 2 000 dollars was a ward ed to her Maj es ty s


ves s els Gl a d ia tor a nd J a cka l l, for s al va g e s ervi ces rendered to
a n A m eri ca n b ri g on the w es t co as t of A fri ca
19 V i ct c 2 1, s 2 0
( 9) 18
( h ) The S il ver B ul lion , 2 S pin ks , 7 0 ; The L on d on Mer cha n t,
Bu t s e e The Qu een
3 Hag g 394 ; The Cl ifton , 3 Ha g g 117
M ab, 3 Hag g 2 4 2 ; The A ma zon , 2 L T 14 0 Board of
Trad e ins tru ctio ns to Re ce ivers of W reck, O f cers of Coas t
g uard, 8 w

( f ) Robs on

v.

u ar

:34

TH E

mer i

l aw

o r SA L

VA GE

The A merican C o u rt s ha ve

CHM
A

LA W

an

recog ni sed the rig ht


o f revenu e of cers to b eco me salvors b y meri to riou s
servi ces ou ts i de the li mi ts o f thei r du ty I n L e
Tig re ( i) where a c ollecto r i ntendi n g to act i n his
of ci al capaci ty b u t mi stakin g the l aw was th e
cau se o f saving pro perty to the owners i t w as held
that he was enti tled to salvag e
.

3 Was h 0 c 5 6 7
.

5 5

C HA PTE R

III

DI FFERENT S ETS o r S A L V O RS

IT

111
s o me ti mes happen s that d ifferent sets o f 5 211 C
vors claim r e mu ner a ti o n i n r e spect o f the same Ri v l
l m
servi ce The de c is i o n in s u ch cas es w ill b e fo u nd
m ainly to d e pend u p o n whether the pr o perty saved
was o r was n o t dereli c t at t he time the s ervices were
rendered ; and i f d e reli ct whether the s alvors rst
i n p o sse s s i o n c o u ld u nass i sted ha ve c o mpleted the
u nderta kin
g u p o n whi ch the y had entered
If the ve s s el i n di s tr e s s ha s n o t b een ab ando ned l
gw it
b y her m a s t e r and cre w th e re can b e n o g re at dii b y d

c ulty in determ in ing whi ch se t o f s alvo rs will b e


d t
rec og n i sed b y the C o u rt The m as ter o f the ves sel
w h il s t h e c o nti nu e s o n b o a rd i s enti tled to ret ai n
t he c o mmand and c o ntr o l of the s hi p and carg o and
to d i rect t he w o rk o f the s alv o rs w ho are l i ttle more
t han as si s tant s an d lab ou rers u nder hi m He m ay
rej ect the help o f pers o n s who m he d o es no t th ink
t to empl o y and th o se wh o m he do es e m plo y are
b o u nd to o b e y hi s o rders ( a ) ; and i f o ther salv o r s
d isp o ssess tho s e wh o m the master has emplo yed
as e

sa v

'

a vo r

'

lc

e rs

or

i e res s

3 8 3 ; The Cha mp ion , B


At L u sh 6 9 ; The G la sg o w Pa ket, 2 W Ro b 3 0 6 The Ma r tha ,
S wa 4 8 9 ; The Ef o t, 3 Ha g g 16 5

( a ) T he D a n tz i e P a cket, 3 Hag g

'

THE L A W

SA L VA GE

or

and fo rce their own services u pon him the C ou rt


will re fu se to award t hem a ny remu neratio n
[ mg

E
g g mg Nor is the maste r s au tho ri ty in thi s respect affe ct ed
ma
b y the circu mstanc e tha t he an d hi s crew lea ve the
As
vessel for the pu rp o s e o f procu rin g assi stance

ob serves D r L u s h
b etween t he m as ter an d salvo rs
ing ton u nless th e ve s sel i s ab solu tely dereli ct
and the master s au th o rity i s at an end he i s en
titled to resu me charg e o f the sh ip to employ
whom he pleases and to take what meas u r e s
he thinks proper for the preservation o f the s h ip
The occ u pyin g s al vors are enti tled to reward for
the servi ces they have actu ally rendered and n o
m o re
I n The Champ i on
in whi ch the fo re
g oin g ob servatio ns w e re made that vessel whi ch was
laden with timb er h avin g g o t ag rou nd the m as ter and
crew le ft in a lifeb o at whi ch came to thei r a s s i s tance
the intention o f the master b ein g to pr o c u re a s te am
O n hi s re t u rn
tu g as soon as p o s s ib l e and ret u rn
wi th the tug next d ay he ob served on nea ring his
vessel the P ri nce of M i les an o ther stea m tu g
appro aching her and thi s tug s u cceeded i n reach
i ng the vessel rst an d pu t s o me men o n b o a rd
Cw

95

3 W

Rob

27 8
In g ivi ng u dg men i n hi s
I o the w hol e l en h
es,
as e, Dr Lu shi ng on, a t p 2 8 1, ob s e
g
g
ha whe e sal o s a re on b oa d a
of layi ng d ow n his p i n i pl e,
he i se i es ha e b een a e p ed b y t he
s hip in d i s ess, an d
mas e , i f, b efo e hey ha e d one one s roke o f w o k, hey are
forci b ly d is pos ses sed ( w i hou the on u ence of the mas e ) b y
any persons w ho i n a n y ma nn er sal e the s hi p or a g o, or p a
of
the s ame, the all eg ed se ond s e t of s al ors can ea n n o hin g for
hei own b ene , b u t every act d one, a nd e e y serv ice p er
fo med b y hem, mus en u e to the bene of the orig i na l

sa l o s
( ) The Cha mp ion , B 8: L 6 9 7 1

( 6) The Fleece,
.

rv

r c
t t
r
tr
t r rv c
v
r t
v
t
t t
c c rr
v
c
v
t
t
t
r
t

tr

t r
r

vr
c

( at) Ubi

sup ra .

vr

cc t
r t

cr
r
vr

tr
rt

D FFE RENT S E TS O F S A

LVO RS

L EG A L

D E RE

These m en

the m a ster o rde red off the vessel an d


on
their refusing to le ave forcibly dispossessed
I t was held o n a su it bein g broug ht fo r s alvag e
by the c rew of the Pr in ce of W a les that the
vessel n o t being a le g al derelict the m aste r w as
en ti tled to resum e his authority in the m ann er
he did an d the suit o f the s alvo rs was dis missed
with costs
,

5 7

LI C T

Ca m I n
.

L eg

al

D er e li ct

W here the vessel s aved is

d erelict the n the sal I c


f
vors who are rst i n possession if cap able of s avi ng
f wm d
the prope rty are en titled to complete the s al vag e
a n d to exclude othe rs fro m j oi n i n
g in it ( e )
I n the s e ca ses however it i s s o meti m e s a ma tte r o f
s o m e di fculty to dete rmi n e wh e the r a vessel is o r is
n o t a le al de relict
an d it i s there fo re con side red
g
de s irable to direct atten tion to the le adi n g decision s
upo n the s ubj ect
A vess el i s s aid to be derelict i n the se n se o f the Wh t
lt t
M aritim e L aw when she has bee n ab an don ed at s ea idg di dzz
by her m aster and crew without any hope of re
turn in g
Th e m e re fa ct o f a vessel bein g fou n d L eaving
v lt
a t s ea W i thout any o n e o n bo ar d her i s no t s u i ment p oc
is ta c
to consti tu te her a leg al dereli ct S he must n ot on ly d o
t
m k he
h ave been deserted a t s ea b u t dese rted s i n e ap e M g a!
d
l i ct
I f the m a ster a n d crew le ave her tem
r ecup er a n di
wit
out
h
any i n te n tion o f nal ab an don m e n t
oraril
y
p
but with the i n tention o f returning and re s uming po s
sessio n such a ves s el is n ot to be conside red a de re
li ct nor is the rig ht o f possessio n lost by s uch tem
a

as e s o

con

'

es s e
r

u re

as s

es n o

e re

( e) The M a ri a , Ed ward s, 17 5
(f ) The A qui la , 1 C Rob 37
.

'

5 8
C RA P

III

T he Hercu les

SA

LVA G E

b s e n ce althoug h no o n e m ay be re m ain i ng
o n bo ard the ves s e l for the p u rpose o f ret ai n i n
g pos
Thu s whe re th e m aste r an d c rew o f a
vess el havin g lost their recko n in g u pon app roachi ng
a stran e coa s t l eft thei r ship at an cho r an d wen t o n
g
sho re for the p u rpose o f asce rtai ni ng their position
a n d n o t with the i n te n tio n o f ab an do n i n
g the ve s sel
a nd the ve s s el d u ri n
g thei r a bsen ce g o t a d rift an d
w as t ake n i n ch ar e by s alvo rs she w as held n o t to
g
be a d erelict
T he o n u s o f p rovi n g the i n te n tion to retu rn rests
u po n the o w n e r o f the ve s sel fo r
p r i m fa ci e a v e ssel
foun d at s ea in a positio n of pe ril a n d witho u t h avi n g
an
I n the s e c a ses
y o ne o n bo ard is a de relict ( i )
the g uo a ni mo is the material qu es tion an d in dete r
m i n i n g whethe r a ve s sel ha s o r ha s n o t beco m e a
d e relict b y ab an don me n t the poin t o f i n qu i ry i s n o t
so m u ch wha t was the actu al s ta te o f thi ng s wh en
the des ertio n took pl ace o r whether the m aster an d
c rew we re o r w ere n o t mistake n as to the peril or
con dition o f the v essel as wh at was the in ten tio n
po rary

OF

LA W

THE

O nu s

ov

of

p r i n g ih
t en ti n t o

r e tu rn res ts

on

ow

ne r

Th e ap es
r ecu

p era n d i

d ep e n d s
u p n th e

o
o

i n te n ti n a t
t h e ti m e o f
a b an d n

me n t

( g )T he

S ee als The A qu i la 1 0 Rob


Thi s is a as e of a s hi p an d arg
f und
erta inly i t is a ase o f l eg a l d ereli t, fo r i t

Cla ris se, S w a 12 9


.

o o
c
o

S i r W Sc tt
37 ,
d erel i t a t s ea, a nd
ns ti tu te a dere li t tha t n o
w ner
i s b y no mean s n e e s sa ry to
It i s s uf ient if there has b een an
s h uld a fterw ard s appear
rew w ith u t h
ab and n men t at s ea b y t he ma ster a n d
p e ot
I s ay w i th ut h pe of re ery, be a u s e a mere qu itting
re
ery
uri ng a ss i s ta n e fr m s h re ,
o f the shi p for the p urp s e of p r
o r w i th a n i nten ti n of retu r ni n g to her a g a i n, i s n ot an a b a n

A nd see als the A meri an ase s , The Bee, Ware,


m
en
t
d on
Br ig
1 Ma s n, 3 7 2 ; Tyso n
P ri r 1
8 8 6 ; R we
G allis , 133 ; The I s l a n d C ity, 1 Bl a k , 12 1
Wi ll i a ms
The
C amg o of the A d lp he, 19 A m Ju r 2 19
u ri s t, 4 12
J
See al o The F en
( h) The Her u le, 8 Iris h

P
s Di g est , 8 2 4
c
r
h
ar
d
r
it
h
e
M
wiclc, T
y,
( i ) The C s m po li ta n , 6 N tes of Cas es, S u p p 17 19
.

cov

co

o o

c
c

cov
oc

o
o

IFFE RE NT

S ETS O F S A LVO RS

LE GA L

D E RE

LI C T

by which they we re actuated at the ti m e


If a C
I II
m as te r a n d c re w le ave their ves s el fo r the s afety of M i
ti o to
t
th ei r hve s a m e re i n te nti on o f se nd i ng a ste am er to i d
t
look fo r her does no t take away from the v essel its
d

a
r
a
r
o
f
a
a
ch cte
le g l derelict Uc) Nor if the v essel be fg g gi f
a b ando n ed wi tho u t the existen ce at the ti m e of an
y
hop e or i nten tio n o f returnin g will a su bsequen t S b s q t
ct g g
ch an g e o f opi n io n u n der n ew ci rcu m stan ces an d a op i i o an d
return s ave it fro m h avi ng beco me a le g al derelict ig ht
o f wh ich s alvo r s m a
y l aw fu lly p ossess the m selves
before su ch repo s s es s ion
I n th e c ase of The S a r a h B e l l ( l) th a t vessel The S h
M L
du ri ng tem pestuo u s we ather st ruck upon the Has
borou g h S an ds whe re she l ay waterlog g ed an d in a
positi on o f extre m e dang er The master an d c rew
in g rea t al arm fo r their lives took to their boats an d
rowed to a li g ht v es s el th ree o r four m iles dist an t
W hi l s t i n the lig ht vessel they as they alle g ed were
on the w a tch to reg ain thei r ship an d when next V
mo rn in g they s a w her o atin g off the sa n d they
ro wed after her The s al v ors had in the m eantime
put o ff fro m the s hore i n their bo ats an d g ot on
board the vessel before the m a ste r an d c re w Upon
a s u it for s alv ag e bei n g bro u g ht the C ou rt wa s o f
opi n ion th at the ma ster an d c rew at the tim e they
left the vessel b a d n o re as on a ble hope o f retu rn ing
to her ; that th ey quitted h er for the purpose
an

er c

sa

il

l an
n

u n

e 0

( 7c) The C or oma n d el Swa

S ee

The Gertr ud e, 30
W her e a vess el w as fou nd b y the s al vors
L J A d 130
a ba n d on e d, with fo u r or ve feet o f w a ter in h er hold, the
capta in a nd crew ha vi ng left, ca rrying a way their clothes and
compa ss es , s he was hel d t o b e a leg al derelict, al tho ug h the
maste r an d crew came o f and b oard ed her a fter the salvors had
g ot on b oa rd
( l) 4 Notes of Cas es , 144
.

2 05

als

ara

60

OF

LAW

TH E

SA

LVA GE

savi ng their lives and n o t in co n seq u e n ce o f


an
y te mporary d an g e r which m ig ht p as s aw ay
an d
g ive the m an opport u n ity o f re g ai n in g her
an d co n s e que n tly it held the ve s s el to be a leg a l
de relict (m)
Wh
v l I f at the ti me the vessel is left there i s n o a n i mu s
l ft w i tho t
the v essel i s n o t a d erelict Thu s
o r s ec eithe r w a
y i t
p
y
ti o
i th
w y
whe re the m as ter an d c rew of a schoon e r in stin ctively
ju mped on board a ship in a collision an d we re car
r ied o ff a ain s t thei r will the c apt ai n o f th e s hip re
g
fu s ing to le n d the m a boat to re t u rn to their o w n
vessel it was held th at the schoon e r altho u g h fo un d
by s alvors without any on e on board was n o t a le g al
derelict ( n ) W he re however a vessel in a collision
w as le ft so ab an do n ed fo r th ree d ay s she w a s held
to be a leg al de relict ( o)
Ca n

III

of

en

es s e

an

n en

n e

er

I n his udg men t i n thi s a s e, Dr L us hi ng t n , p 14 6, oh


No w w i th res p e t to the ap es r ecup era n d i at the time
s er es
u ld n o t ra ti n a l ly ha e
they qu itted the essel, I thi nk they
They qu itted her
e n terta ined mu h h p e of retu rni n g to h e r
b e au se they expe ted that thei r l i es w u l d b e l s t i f they
remai n ed, n ot b e a us e of an y t em p rary da ng er w hi h mig ht
p p r tu ni ty o f reg ai nin g
p ass a w ay, a nd they m ig ht ha e a n
her, b u t they qu itted her b e au se the ess el w a s lyi n g fa s t i n
Bu t i t i s said
t he sa nd , a nd for the sake of sa i ng their l i es
t ha t after they g ot on b a rd t he l i g ht e s s el, thei r ex pe tat i ns
i e w of the i r u ms tan es ha n g ed, and a n ai da vi t has
and
b een ma de b y the m ate o f the lig ht es sel i n w hi h he s w ea rs
t his b el ief that the ess el w u ld ha e ome o the s an d I t
may ha e b een s o , b u t w hen w e s peak of the ap es r ecup er c mdi ,
we mean the h p e an d expe tati n en tert ai ned b y the m as ter
rew o f retu rn i ng to thei r
a nd
essel not what w a s the p re
i se s tate o f thing s , b u t W ha t wa s the i n ten ti n b y whi h they

h
e
time
were a tu ated a t t
( n ) The C s m p li ta n , 6 N tes of C ases , S u pp 17 The law
of d erel i t i s ela b rately re i e wed i n thi s a s e
S ee a l s F en ix ,
ll is i n wa s hel d not
S wa 13 , where a b and n me nt at ti me of
es sel a l eg a l de reli t
ns tit ute a
to
Dr Lu shin g t n : I t
( ) The Pi kwi k, 16 J ur 6 69, 6 7 0
has ne er b een held that a b and n men t a t the ins tant o f l l is i n

( m)

o
c

o o
v

v
v c

o o o
o

v
o

o
v

co
o

c c

co

co

o
co

DI F F E RE NT

S E TS or S A L

VO RS

E GA L D E RE L I C T

61

'

The

po s i ti on in which the v e s s el w as at the tim e C HA P m


o f abandon m ent i s s o m e evi dence a s to the i n ten
P si ti
f
t i on o f the m a s ter and c rew at the time o f leavi n g
f
D r L u shington i n the c a s e o f The F lor en ce ( p ) i s i t t
t hu s reported : I hold the re to be a v ery w i de dis
t inc tion bet w een an abandon m ent at a d is tance fro m
l a nd on the open ocean and the qui tti ng the s hi p
on the coas t when th e re may exi s t a fai r expecta
ti on o f retu rning Whe re the ap es r ee up em ndi i s pro
bable
A ship or good s s unk in the s ea are g e ne rally S hi p
ds s
k
g
de reli ct They are not s o h owe v e r as long as i th
the owne r conti nue s to as s e rt hi s cl ai m and doe s
n ot
g iv e up the i ntenti on o f re s u m ing the po s s e s
s io n
A ve s s el m ay he con s i de red a de reli ct so far as L g
w d wh
the am ount o f the s alvo rs re m une ra t i on l s conce rned v ss l
ct l
Wi th out be i ng a legal dereli ct ; tha t i s to s ay ab an t h g h t
l g l d
doued s m e a m mo re cup er an dz ( r ) an d s alvage as n t
i n the ca s e o f a de reli ct has been aw a rded e v en whe re
.

on o

n en

or

oo

un

e s ea

er re

ar

ar

e a
o

d
li t, b u t I ca n enter ta in no d oub t that i n the
l eg al en se o f t he w ord this ess el w a s dereli t, b e a us e three

d a y s ha d ela p ed fro m t he tim e of ol lis i on


S ee also The
L i vi ng s ton e, Pri t D ig 8 2 4
S ee n early si mil a r ob ser ati ons i n
( p ) 16 J ur 5 7 2, 5 7 15
I n the a e o f The M i n erva 1
The Gen essee, 12 J ur 4 0 1
S pi n ks, 2 7 1, w here the rew of a ess e l were d ro wn ed a fter
t hey ha d a b an do n ed her, bu t b efo re they rea he d the s hore,
a n d i t o n s equ ent ly w as i mp os s ible to s ay whe ther they ha d a
L u hin g ton held tha t i n e ery
ap es r ecwp er a ml z or n ot, Dr
e sel w as to b e
on sid ered a
sense, l eg a l o r other w i se , the
'
S ee a ls o L E sp era n ce, l Dods 4 6 ; The B erli n , 3
d ereli t
I ris h J u ri s t, N S 3 4
( q) The B a ref o ot, 14 J u ris t, 8 4 1 ; The B ea ver , 3 C Ro b
2 92
The S a mu el , 15 J ur i s t, 4 0 7 Se e The Thetrs, 3 Hag g 14 ;

The S t P eters bu rg h, The S op hi e, Prit hard s D ig es t, 8 2 4


Judg ment of Dr L us hin g ton, The G enessee, 12 J ur 401,
402
on s ti tu es

e re

'

cs

s
vs

'

a n

ua

ou

en

no

e re

62
C

L AW

TH E

H A R III

S ALV A G

OF

abandonment took place s imultaneou s ly wi th the


s alvage o f the cargo
I n th e ca s e o f The Col u m
bi a
tha t ve s s el w as found by the s alvors in a
s i nk ing s tate an d her c rew w h o we re exha u s t ed r e
fus ed to re m a in by her
The s alvi ng ve s s el th en
took o the c aptain and c rew and s aved p roperty to
the v alue o f
The C ourt con s i de re d the
ve ss el as a dereli ct and awarded the s alvors a m oiety
o f th e p rope rty s a v ed
The A m eric a n C ourt s h av e acted upon th e s e p ri n
ci les
an d as regard s the r e m une rati on o f s alvo rs
p
they h ave held th at w he re a ve s s el at s ea tho ugh not
ab andoned has on board only pe rs on s both p hys i
cally and m entall y inc ap a ble o f d oing anything fo r
their s afety this con s ti tute s a cas e o f qu a s i de relict
and call s for a libe ral com p e n sati on to s alvors e s pe
ciall
y if life as well as p rope rty has been s aved ( t)
I n F li nn v L ea n de n ) a ve s sel w ith s lave s on
board but n o whit e pers on was con s idered a de re
lict an d one third gi ven as s alva ge to the pe rs on
b ringing h er in I n The B os ton
the m as te r an d
crew left their ve s s el in a s inkin g co ndi tion and were
p icked up by anothe r ve s s el whi le yet in sigh t o f the
w reck T he ve ss el and cargo thu s le ft we re held
to b e derelict
the

A m eri an
d e c i s mn s a s
to d ere li ct
.

(s) 3 Hag g 42 8
( t) The G eorg e Ni chol au s, 1 Ne w b 4 49
( a ) Bee, 2 6 0
S ee al as The H en ry E u ba n lc,
(x) l S umn 3 2 8
The D elp hos, 1 Ne w b 4 12 ; The T
L ea ther s
.

I bid
I bid

400

421 ;
The Ohm lee, b id 3 2 9 ; The J ohn Gilp i n , l ott, 7 7 The D odg e
A nd as to w ha t ons ti tu tes a d erel i t,
H ea lly, 4 Was h 6 5 1
S u ollc B a n k, 1 A mer L R 2 48
s ee Mesner
Wa r d e
La
B el le Creole, 1 Pet A d 3 1 S i ms
The E li z a beth a n d J a n e,
Ware, 2 7 ; The B ee, b id 3 3 6 ; The Cha r l es , Ne wb 3 29 ;
The S t P etr e, Bee, 8 2 ; The B ri tis h Cons ul
Wi lki e
S mi th,
.

Bee,

Oc
c

D IFF E RE N T S ETS

O F S A LV

O RS

I RS T

FA

VO URE D

63

CR

F irs t S a l vors f a vou r ed

AP

I II

A s s uming th e

i
ve s s el to be d ereli ct in the legal s l
p ss ss i
li c
fd
s en s e o f th e w o rd as lai d down i n th e fo rego ing de
f v
d
c is io n s and in th e po s s e s s ion o f s alvo rs co m petent
to b ring her i nto a po s i tio n o f s afety the C o u rt of
A d mi ral ty w i ll p rotect th e righ t s o f s uch rs t s al
vo rs w i th s o m e j ealou s y and i t w ill re fu s e to allow
t ho s e who wi th out s uf cie nt c a u s e di s po s s e s s the m

s ay s L o rd
to parti cipate in the s al v age
I h ave
S towell ( y )
no he si tati on i n con rming the doctrine
I have ove r and ov e r a gai n l ai d dow n that pe rs on s di s
po s s e s s ing o riginal s alvors wi thout reas onable caus e
s hal l recei ve n o benet fro m th e s e r v i ce s th ey m ay
afterward s pe rfo rm but th e w hole reward shall go to
th o s e who have been w rongfully di s po s s e s s ed Tho s e
w ho are w rong d o e rs s hall t a ke no advantage fro m
their own w rong
I n the ca s e o f The B len de n hal l ( a ) wh e re th e fo re
going ob s e rvati on s we re m ade that ve s s el had been
t aken by a F renc h s hip o f war her m as te r and c rew
m ade p ri s one rs and the ship afte r be ing s cuttled

a vo rs
o

'

( y) The B len d en ha ll, 1 Dod s 414 418


o b 2 7 8 , w here D r Lushi n g ton ,
( 2 ) S ee al s o The F leece 3 W R
a fte r s ta ting that h e en ti rel y acced ed to the pri n ci ple a b ove l a i d
do wn, an d w ou l d a t a ll ti mes be d i s pos ed to act on i t, i s rep orted
I t co u ld not I a rehen d b e for a s i n l e mo men t
thu s , p 2 7 9
,
g
,
pp
con ten ded that perso n s so u nlaw fu lly i ntru di ng thems el ve s, and
b y fo rce dis p os s ess ing sa l vors of a vess el a n d carg o i n thei r ca re
a n d charg e, c o u ld d e ri v e any sa l va g e b ene t fro m thei r ow n m is
co nd u ct I t is cl ear they w ou ld ha ve n o p erson a s ta n d i in this
Co u rt, a n d a ny cl a i m whi c h had b een asse rted on the i r b ehal f,
m us t have b een di s m issed wi th cos ts S ee al s o The Cha rl otta 2
Hag g 3 6 1 ; The Cla r i s s e S wa 12 9 a nd the A meri c an ca ses ,
The M a ry , 2 Wheaton , 12 3 The B r ig J ohn G i lp i n , O l cott
77

( a ) UN s u p ra

on

ere

a o u re

64

LA W

TH E

0 mm

III

S A LV A G E

OF

le ft a de relict I n this po si tion she was found by a


Pos t of ce p acket an d w as take n pos s e s s ion o f by
the ma s te r and ten o f hi s m en who havi ng clear ed
the ship o f wate r and s e t h er to ri ght s i n other re
s ects w e re conducti ng her to Plymouth w hen th ey
p
fell in wi th the Cha l leng er a b ri g o f war and the
captai n of tha t v e s s el notwi ths tanding that no as sis t
ance was required from him beyond the s upply of a
log glas s watch and chart put a m as ter s m ate
and ni ne h and s on bo ard to conduct the ve s s el
to Port s m outh Upon the s e facts L ord S towell
held the Po s t of ce packet to be the s ole s alvo r
and r efus ed to gi ve an y porti on o f the s alvage
to tho s e w ho had been put on board from the
.

Cha l leng

Ameri an
d e i i on

cs s

er

The A m e rican C ourt s have

re cogni s ed and acted


upon this p rinc ipl e I n the ca s e of The A methys t ( c)
a wreck hav ing been dis covered by three s chooner s
was boarded by o n e o f th e m and al though no one
remai ned o n board that n ig ht the three ve s s el s lay
by the w reck in o rde r to to w her i nto port the nex t
m orn ing
A t dayb reak s he w as about a mile from
t hem and they p roceeded at once to take po s s e s s i on
but before they reached the wreck it had been
boarded by the cre w of another ve s s el ; th e s e the
s alvors d is po s s e ss ed an d towed the ve s s el off
On a
s alvage s ui t be ing b rough t i t was held that the
p os
se ss i on the s alvors h ad t aken the ni gh t be fo re was
.

3 H ag g 15 6, where two sets of


a nd t he s ui t o f the s e on d s et was
s macks cl a i med a s s al ors
n ot s us tai ned , their a ss is ta n e ha in g b e en ob trud ed, and s ee The
S a muel, 15 J u ri s t, 40 7 ; The Qu een Ma t, 3 Hag g 2 42 ; The
Gla sg ow Pa ket, 2 W Bo b 306 ; The G lory, 14 J u rist; 6 7 6
( c) Daveis , 2 0

( b ) S ee

al s o

The E ug

ene,

DI

FF

E RE NT S ETS

'

O F SA L

VO RS

IRS T

FA V

O URE D

63

u fc ie ntly co ntinuou s and that the c rew o f the am 111


fou rth ve ss el w ho m th ey had d is pl a ced we re not
ent itled to any s alvage ( d )
This p ri nc iple o f favouring th e s al vo rs rs t in E xcl s i
fs c d
po s s e s s i on i s h owe v e r one i n the appl i c ati on of l
t b
w hic h the C ou rt nece s s ari ly p roce e d s w i th ve ry
g re a t c auti on ; a n d although it put s upon s econd
s alvo rs the onu s o f p r oving e it h e r th e adopti on o f
t he ir s e rv ic es o r the i nco m petency o f tho s e al ready
i n po s s e s s ion to c o m plete the s alv a ge ( e) t hey have
not o rdi narily been required to m ake o u t a ve ry
s t rong c a s e
a n d i t i s app re hend e d th at i t w ill be
s u fc i ent i f they can s h ow th a t the c irc u m s tance s o f
the ca s e affo rd e d t he m a rea s o na bl e ju s ti cati on fo r
the i r i nte rfe re nce ( f )
The C ou rt has con s equently
held th e s econd s al v o rs to be ent itled to part ic ip a te
u nde r ci rcum s t ance s w he re i t wa s po s s i ble t hat the
d the
o rig ina l s a l v o rs could u na s s i s ted have co mplet e
s e rvi ce
T hu s i n the c as e o f The P ick wi ck ( h) that ve s s el
hav ing been a bando n ed at s ea w as fallen in w i t h
t hree day s afte rwards by T he A g n es a s mall
s c h oone r whi c h t o ok h er i n to w and p roceeded w i th
A fte r the de reli ct had been
h e r tow ard s L i v erpool
s

S ee a l so
qua nti ty of Iron, 2 S prag u e, 5 1
A mere a qu i es en e or
( e) T he B len d enha ll , u bi s up ra
s u b mi s s i on b y t he rst sal ors to the s u peri or n u mer i al for e
ien t e id en e o f on sen t, The
o f the s e o n d s et, w i ll n o t b e su f
E ug en e, 3 Ha g g 15 6
The
( f ) The Pi kwi k, 16 J ur 6 6 9, 6 7 0 Dr Lu h in g ton :
e on d s et of sa l ors mu s t s ho w tha t there w a s n o fa i r pro ba b i l ity
t ha t the es s el ou ld b e b roug ht i n to por t i n s a fety i n d u e ti me
b y the rst set, b u t i t wou ld b e most i nj u ri ous to me r an ti le

x
n
t
x
t
e
i nteres ts , if the p ri n i pl e wa s arri ed to a n e treme e
(g ) The Pi kwi k n bi s up ra
( 12) 16 J u rist, 66 9
"

sc

v
c

c c
c
c

e on

s a vo rs

on

LAW

TH E

( Ti m e
-

II I

OF

SA LV A G

choone r for about hal f an h our


T he P r es i den t a s teamer whi ch had been char te red
by the u n derw ri ters of T he P i ckwi ck c a me up an d
The
forc ibly d is po s s e s s ed th e c rew o f the s ch oone r
C ou rt held tha t u nde r the c ircu m s tance s both th e
Dr
s ch o oner an d s te a m e r we re enti tled to s al v age
L u shington i n the c o u rs e of hi s j u dg ment ob s e rvi n g :
H e re i s a s ch o o ne r o f 5 ton s bu rthen m an n ed
7
with s ix pers on s t hree o f who m go on board T he
P i ck wi ck upward s o f 4 0 0 t o n s bu rthen an d laden
w i th a valuable cargo i n the mi ddle o f F eb ru ary
C an an y re as on a ble m an com e to the conclu s i on tha t
there w as anythi ng like an appearance o f s afety
unde r t hes e circu m s t an c es
I t s ee m s to m e tha t i t
w as the bounden duty o f th o s e o n bo ard T he P r es i
d en t to exe rc i s e the a uth ori t y given th e m by the
owne rs to rend er as s i s tance to the ve s s el
The
only chance of T he A g nes e ffecting the s ervice w as
fro m th e c o nti nuance o f a fair wind
L ook ing at
the value o f th e p rope rty 3 2 0 0 0 l I thi nk I can
sa
y i t w as the duty o f th o s e on board The Pr es i den t
to take T he P ickwi ck in to t heir own care and tow
I s ay this w ith out i m
her i nto a pl ac e o f s afety
puting the s lighte s t blam e to tho s e on board T he
I giv e th em c red i t for doin g all t h at was in
A g n es
the ir powe r to do I t m u s t h owever be re me m
be red that The A g nes wa s dis placed only on the
plea of n e ce s s i ty and unle s s t hat nece s sity w a s
clearly e s tablis hed s he would be entitled to be con
I t i s rat he r a h a rd s hi p for
s i dered a s a s o le s alvo r
her for she h ad a chance of pe rfor ming th e w h ole

s ervi ce
W he re the a ssis tance of the s econd s alvor s was

in

cha rge

of

the

Wh

ere s cr

vic o

of s e

DI F F E REN T S E TS

O F SA L

VO RS

I RS T

O URE D

FA V

l)

benec ial rathe r than ab s ol u tely nece s s ary they 0 m 111


h a v e been awarded s alva ge
I n the c a s e o f T he
d
t
i l
C ha r lo tta
tw o yawl s we re i n the act o f b ringing
E
fggg t
a de re l i ct i nto po rt
c ss y
an d a revenue cutte r i n s i s ted
notwith s tand ing the p rote s t o f the s al vo rs on towing
the v e s s el
the C ou rt a lth ough i t s ee m ed to be o f
op in ion that the rs t s alvo rs co u ld alone h ave com
p le te d the s e rv i ce an d re fus ed to detra ct fro m the i r
m e ri t s by deducti ng anything for the cutte r fro m the
two t hird s whi ch i t awarded the m yet held the s er
v ice s o f the cutter to be s eas onable and m e ri to ri ou s
and awarded i t 10 0 1
The C ou rt alth ough i t p rotect s s alvo rs again s t S l v s
ish d
p
i m p rop er i nte rfe rence
t i
at the s am e ti m e requi re s f
t hem to av ail the m s elve s o f fu rther as si s tance whi ls t :gg g zi
the s u cce s s o f the i r e ff o rt s re m ai n s doubt ful and
w he re they i m p ro pe rly re fus e t ha t a s s i s tance the
C ou rt wi ll a ward to t he m a le s s s u m t han i t othe r
w is e w oul d have gi v en

s ay s
D r L u shin gton ( m )
I cannot conce i ve

th at an y no tion ca n be b roach ed m o re i nj uriou s to


the s e c uri ty o f th e mercant ile nav y o f thi s count ry
tha n a no ti on tha t becaus e a m an happened rs t to
go abo ar d a ve s s el and then a s team tu g w as o ffered
he had a righ t to re fu s e th a t a s si s tance and clai m
to pe rfo rm the duty him s el f becau s e by po s s ib ili ty
1

00n

se

no

ne e

ar

or

un

'

or r e u s n cr

i ce

( i ) 2 Hag g
( k) S ee a l s o The B erl in 3 I ri s h J uri st, 3 4 ; The G u d ru n ,
I ri s h Ju ri st, N S 36 1 ; The Mag d a len, 3 1 L J A dm
.

The E li z a beth, 8 Iri s h J u r i s t, 3 40


I n this as e the s al ors p re
( l) The G lor y, 14 J uri s t, 6 7 6
en te d the u se of a s tea me r, a n d were a wa rd ed l o0 l i n s tead o f

h
ar
d
s
e
a
m
b
r
i
a
r
i
t
3 00l
S ee The B er li n , u bz sup r a ; Th C
, P
Dig es t, 7 6 7
The E li z a beth The Ga d/ru n, u bi sup ra
( m) The Gl ory, a bz s up ra
.

68

O F SA L VA GE

THE L A W

C RA P I l l
.

a set o f s alvors m i gh t h eave a ve s s el by an anch o r

or s ucceed in getting her off the s and


The foregoing p rinc iple was acted upon in the ca s e
o f T he D oss eztei ( n
I n tha t c as e a ve s s el w as
)
taken by a s et o f s alvors anchored i n a place of s o m e
danger a n d left the re for s everal h ours whil s t the
s alvo rs went for mo re rope s and s p ars whi c h we re
nece s s ary A nother ve s s el whi ch cam e up o ff ered
her a ss i s tance and if the offe r ha d been accepted the
ve s s e l m i h t at once h a ve been t a ken to a pla ce o f
g
s afety but the s alvo r s refu s ed th e o ffer and aft e r
s o m e delay
b rought the ve ss el i nto po rt I t d id
not appear that the delay occas i oned any lo s s to the
ve s s el but the C ourt be in g of opin ion that ther e wa s
great ris k in leav ing the ve s s el a t anchor in an
expo s ed po s iti on diminis hed the amount of s al
vage on that account and i ntima ted that if i t
th ought th at the refu s al of the as s is tance o f th e
other ve s s el aro s e fro m a d eli be ra te disregard o f
the s afety o f the ve s s el i n d i s t re s s and fro m th e
mere h0 p e o f gain i t would have re fus ed compen
s ati on altogether ( o)
,

'

'

A ba ndon men t hy

S a l vor s

rs t of two s ets of s alvors abandon the en


terpri s e w ithout any i ntention o f re s uming i t an d
the oth e r s et afte rwar ds enter upon the s e rvi ce and
b ring i t t o a s ucce s s ful is s ue they wi ll be enti tled to
the wh ole s alvage
If the

Fi r t s et
a b an d on i n g
e con d en
tit l e d

rs t

( n ) 10 J urist, 8 65
( 0 ) See j udg ment of Dr
.

L us hi ng ton, The G en essee, l 2


The B erli n , 4 Iri sh uri s t, 11
.

401

See also

u r st
,

DI F F E REN T

E TS

SA LV

OF

O RS

69

The

cas e o f T he I ndia (p ) affo rd s a u s e ful illu s tra C HA P I I I


ti on of the above p rinciple The re the ve s s el got upon
the s and s o ff the c oas t o f No rfolk a n d a bo a t s c rew
whi ch c am e o ff fro m Y arm outh offe red t heir h elp
w hi ch was a ccepted a nd we re then occup i ed a w hole
d ay i n a s s is ting the ve ss el
They ult i m a tely ho w
e v e r acc o m pa ni e d by the s hip s c re w le ft the ve s s el
w i t h out exp res s i ng an y i ntent i on o f retu rn i ng
The
v e s s el w as t he n a d erel ict on the s and s and whil s t in
this pos i ti on w as boarded by the s econd s et o f s al
v o rs w ho adopted the nece s s ary m eas ure s for getting
her off r es i s ti ng the atte m pt to as s is t o f the Ya r
m out h boatm en w ho retu rned to the ve s s el an d
clai med to j oin in the s al v age O n s u it s for s alvage
bein g b ro ugh t the C ourt dis mis s ed the claim o f the
rs t s et and aw a rded the whole o f the s alvage to the
s econd ( )
g
I n the A m e ri c an c a s e o f The J o hn q r ts ( r ) that A m i c
cs Jh
ve s s el w as found by the s alvo rs bottom upw ard s di s W t
They towed the w reck into
m antled and de s e rted
po rt and clai med s al v age A nothe r se t o f s alvo rs
th en inte rvened an d cl ai m ed to s ha re i n the s alv age
alleging th at four week s before the w reck was
d is cove red by tho s e who b ro ught i t i nto po rt the
s econd clai m ant s found i t s unk i n ten fatho m s o f
wate r ; that they atte mpted to rais e i t bu t we re
obliged to leave on account of bad weathe r ; tha t
a fte rward s t hey p rocu red a s te am e r an d towed the
wr eck fo r about ten mile s when they we re d riven
.

er

an

a e,

ar s

1 W Ro b 406
( q) S ee a ls o The C l a r i sse,
6 No te of Cas es , S u pp 17
( r) l ott 4 6 2

(p)

s
Oc

S wa

12 9 ;

T he Co smop o li ta n,

70

THE

HAP

I I I.

O F SA L V A G E

LA W

away by gales and the wreck blow n o ff to s ea ; and


that they had been in acti ve pu rs ui t o f it for three
week s but could not nd i t The cl aim of the
s econd clai m ant s int e rv e ni ng was d i s mi ss ed B ett s J
m aking the followi ng ob s erva
in hi s judgment
tions : A n impre ss i on s ee ms to have obtained that
one who nd s derelict p roperty under wa ter or afloat
acquire s a right to i t by d is covery which can be
m ain tained by a kind o f continued claim wi thout
keep ing i t i n p os s e ss ion or apply ing con s tant ex
ertio n s for i ts p res e rva ti on and re s cue
The re i s no
found a tion fo r s u c h a n o ti on
The righ t of a s alvor
re s ult s fro m the fa ct tha t he h as held actual
p os
s e s s i on o r has kept n ear to what was lo s t o r aban
d o n ed by the owne r o r placed i n d a nge rou s expo
s u re to de s t ructi on w i th the mean s a t co mmand to
p re s e rve and s ave i t an d that he i s a ctually e mploy
i n g t ho s e m ean s to that end
Notori ous
pos s e s s i on wi th the a v owal of the obj ect of s uch
po s s e s s ion are cardi nal requis ite s to the creati on or
m ai n tenance of the p ri vi l e ge s o f a s a lvo r w he re they
do not ex is t any othe r p ers on may take the p roperty
w ith all the advantag e s o f the rs t nde r
If however the rs t set leave the ve ss el for the
purpo s e of p rocurin g as si s tance and wi th out the in
tenti on of aban doni ng the un dertaki ng th ey m ay be
awarded s alvage for any thing they m ay h ave done
benec ial to the ve s s el or which might have ren
de red the s alvage eas i er o r mo re p ra c ticable to
tho s e who s ub s equently complete the s ervi ce ( t) I n
that ve s s el w as d riven
the cas e o f T he E
,

,
,

Fir t

s et

se

(s)

Pag e 469
( t) The E U , 1 S pinks, 6 3
I bid
.

DI FF E REN T

wi

E TS

OF

SA L

VO RS

'

( x) Pag e

66

th both anch ors down by a gale o f w i nd fro m the


S W on to the B ra ke S an d w h e r e s he s t ruck heav ily
t he s ea y i ng o v e r the m ai n top
She then d rifted
and w hen near the E lbo w B uoy w as boarded by s o m e
m en fro m the B road s tai rs l ifeboat
The s e m e n re
m ained on bo ar d to a s s i s t the ve s s el the re m a inde r
o f the lifeboat s c re w con s i s ti ng o f v e m en re tu rn
in g to th e s ho re fo r an a nc h o r and c h ain
The m en
on board afte r wo rk in g s om e hours at th e v e s s el
s ucceede d i n weari ng h er he a d towa rd s the n o rt h
an d we re th en co m p e lled to ab a n do n h e r an d w i t h
t he c rew o f t he s hip we re t aken o ff and la u ded by
a lugge r which had lai n by th e ve s s el The life
boat s c rew ha vi ng p rocu red the a ncho r and chain
a g ai n went i n s earch o f the s hi p a nd found her i n
to w o f a s tea me r
O n a s ui t for s alvage be ing
b rough t by the c rew of the lifeboat i t w as o bj ected
t hat the claim ant s had rende red no s e rvice whateve r
toward s s aving the s hip The C ou rt h o we v e r held
th e m to be enti tled to s alvage D r L u shi ngton i n
th u s de aling w i th the
the cours e o f hi s j u dg m ent
obj ectio n that the s alvors h ad done nothing t ow ard s
co mpleting the s al v age o f the s hip The an s w e r
No one can tell the p recis e
i s in my O p in io n t hi s
e ffect o f the he a d o f the ve s s el b eing put to the l
by th o s e on board the lifebo a t I t m ay h ave bee n
p roductive o f gre a t benet o r on the oth e r h and it
m ay not ha ve been i n the s l ig hte s t deg ree i n s tru
L ook i ng howev er to
m ental in s av ing the ve s s el
the w hole cas e and e s pec i ally to the i nt rep id m anne r
i n whi ch the s alvo rs went o n board the lifebo a t an d
the gene ral m a ri ti me benet i n i nduci ng pe rs on s to
.

C u m 111

TH E

L AW

OF

SA L

VA G E

HA P III go on in extre m e d if cul ty to s av e th e l ive s


i n danger I shall ove rrule the tender and

s u m of
The G enessee

300 l

of

tho s e
g ive the

a s o m e what sim ilar cas e th at o f The G ene ss ee ( u )


where the rs t s al vors the crew s o f s hi n g s m ack s
rende red wh a t h elp th ey could to a v e s s el w hi c h w a s
s ub s equently s a ved by a tug
T he Ro ber t B ru ce
the s am e learned judge i n aw ard ing the rs t s alvo rs
I t i s t rue t h a t
a po rtio n o f the s alvage ob s e rv e s
the re a l e s s ential s e rv i ce o f b ringing the ve s s el a w av
fro m the s p o t she was i n w a s p erform ed by T he
Ro ber t B r u ce an d i t i s equally t ru e th a t the rigging
o f th e jury m as t and th e getting o f an anch o r and
c able turned out to be o f no imp ortance inasm uch
a s T he Ro ber t B r u ce could at once rende r a s s i s t
ance but i t i s a ve ry diffe rent que s ti on i n my 0 p i
ni on where s alvors h av e exerted them s elve s for the
p re s e rva tion of a ship and cargo a t the ris k of their
l iv e s an d that unde r c ircum s tance s i n whi ch it m i ght
be im po s s i ble to obtai n a s te am e r to say tha t the
gre at m e rit i n thi s c as e belon ged to the s team e r
I ha v e tho ugh t i t righ t to n oti ce t hi s
i n orde r to encou rage s alvo rs w hereve r t hey can to
re s o rt as s peedi ly as p o s s i ble to th e e m plo m ent o f
y
s t eam e rs becau s e I bel ieve th e l ive s o f th e pe rs o n s
on board and the p rope rty are far m ore l ikely to be
s a ved b y that m e an s
If I we r e to d ep ri v e s al vo rs
o f th ei r reward
becau s e the end o f a s ervi ce was
co mpleted b y a s tea m e r I thin k I s ho uld do mis chi e f
to the real inte re s t s o f the com m e rce and navi gati on

o f the country
In

12

J uris t

4 01

DI F FE RE NT

S ETS o r S A L vons

73

I n the

cas e of The J o ng e B as tia a n (a ) whe re a


ve s s el w as found by s alvors s tuck fas t upon a rock
her botto m beat e n i n and her rudder lo s t and they
s ucceeded in wa rp i ng h er off a n d keep ing h er aoat
s ufci ently long to enable s o m e o f her cargo whi c h
w as bull ion to b e got out of her an d s h e th en s ank
a n d th e s alvo rs le ft and on return ing found that a
s econd set o f s al v o rs ha d w ei gh ed her
and we re
re s cuing the re m ai nde r o f h er cargo ;
both s et s of
s al vo rs we re held enti tled to s alvage and to an equal
a m ount
y)

Can

111

D is tr ibu ti o n between

Ri va l S a lvors

been h el d i n A meri ca that where s alvo rs A m i m


css f
fall i nto d is tre s s an d are togeth er wi th the s alved pro s ws f ll
mg m :
pe rty s aved by a nother ve s s el the s econd s al v ors i n d i
gs d
s uch a ca s e are e n t i tled to a po rti on but not the wh ole b y th
a n d the s am e C ou r t s have
o f the s alvage re w a rd ( z )
al s o h eld that if the s econd s alvo rs m ake i t a con di
t io n of th ei r rend e ring as si s tance that the rs t set
s uc h a b ar
s h all abandon th e ir clai m s to s alvage
gain would ih the awarding o f the remune rati on be
d isregarded by the C ourt ( a)
d
t
V here the re are d iffe rent s et s o f s alvors acting li
p q
t
independently o f each othe r the mis conduct o f one
if they th s
s e t wi ll not affect th e claim s o f the othe r
I t has

er c

a e

s re s s ,

av e

an

e rs

'

scon

on e S B
no

5 0 Rob 322
S ee als o The S a n tlp or e, 1 S p inks , 231 The M a g d a len ,
2 2
The A tlas , Lus h 5 18
The Gen es see, 12 u ris t,
31 L
Wats on ), 6 Notes o f Ca es , 5 6 ;
4 0 1 ; The E n d ea vou r ( Col by
The A lbi on , 3 Ha g g 2 5 4
S ee al s o t he A meri an ca s p s , The
B rothe rs , B ee, 136
The I s lan d Ci ty , 1 Blac k 12 1 ; The
Un d er wr i ter, 4 Blat h C C 94
( e) The E uba n lc, 1 S u mner, 4 0 0
The E uba n lc, n bi s up ra
( a ) ud g ment of S tory,
.

er

74

THE

LA W

O F SA L V A G

no par ticipatio n i n it I n the cas e of The Nep


tnne ( b ) a con s oli dated acti on by two s ets o f s alvo rs
cons is ting of the crew s o f s o me s mack s for s al vage
rende red to a foreig n s hip i n getting her off the L ong
S and was d i s mi s s ed o n the ground that the rs t
s alvors
who h ad boarded the ve ss el p ri o r to h er
s t riki ng upon th e s an d
had acted e rrone o u s ly i n
letting go the ancho r i ns tead o f putting th e ve s s el
into s tay s and had in fa ct cau s ed the ve s s e l to go
aground
The s econd s alvo rs on a s ub s equent
application to the C o urt were awarded s alvage hav
ing p roved that th ey cam e up and rendered as s is t
ance after the ve s s el was upon the s and a nd that
they had not recogni s ed the act s done o n board
the ve s s el p re v i ou s to the co mm ence ment o f th eir
s e rvi ce
A pp ti
I n the eve n t of m o re than one set of s alvors be ing
m tb
tw
d if
held enti tled to part icip a te in the s u m awarded the
f
t s ts
f s lv s
appo rtionment betwe e n them re s ts in the dis c ret ion
o f the C ourt and wi ll m ai nly depend upon the n a
tu re of the exertion s m a de the danger incurred an d
the extent of the be n et confe rred upon the v e s s el
s aved
I n The E n dea vpu r ( c) wh e re s alvage was cl aim ed
by one s et of s al v ors fo r getting a ve s s el off the s and
and by another s et for getti ng up he r ancho rs ( whic h
had s lipped ) afte r s he was clear o f the s and the
C ourt held that the s alvor s of the anc ho rs we re
C in

III

had

or

en

on

e en

eren

or

1 W Rob 297
For i nstan es o f apportio n ment
6 Notes of Case , 5 6
b etween different sets of s al or , s ee The S a n tip ore, 1 S pi n ks ,
2 3 1 ; The Mag d al en, 3 1 L J A d 2 2 ; The P i kw i k, 16
J uris t, 66 9 ; The J ong e B a s tia a n, 5 C Ro b 3 23 ; The
A orti n m n
0
1
i
l
4
ur
i
s
t
S
ee
a
l
so
t
t
e
J
s
e
1
2
G enes e ,
o
e t,
,
,
pp
p os t

( b)
( c)

v s
.

D I F F E RENT

S E TS

OF

SA

LV O RS

75

enti tled to sh are in the g eneral salvag e of the


vessel
A n o t very di ss im ilar qu est io n ar o se i n the A meri

s
can ca e
A B ox o
f B u l li on ( d ) I n th a t case the
A m e ri c a n sh i p Cons ti tuti on b ei ng i n d is tre s s a t s ea
her cre w and a b ox of bulli on were taken o ff b y the
D ani s h ve s s e l Ur a n i a
T hree d a ys aft e rw a rds m e
Ur a n i o fell i n wi th The Cons te lla ti on a ve s s e l b ou nd
to the Uni t e d S tates and tran s ferred to th i s vessel
the crew of T he Cons ti tu ti on and the b u llion O n a
sui t fo r salvag e b eing b r o u g h t i t was held that The
C on s te l l a ti on w a s o nly en ti tled to a qu a n tu m mem i t
fo r the carri ag e o f t he g o ld and th a t the t akin g o f the
b ox o n b oa rd w a s n o t a c o n ti nu ati o n o f th e salvag e
servi ce of T he Ur a n ia an d did no t c o n fer u pon her
any of the rig ht s o f t hat vessel
no t

(d )

rag

l Sp

u e,

5 7

G un

III

C HA PTE R I V

A MO UNT OF S A LV A G E

Reg u la ti ng

P r i ncip les
C

A I

1V

G en er al
p ri n i p l e s
re g u l a i n g
a mo u n
of

s al

t
t

ag e

am ou n t to b e aw arded to salvor s rests entirely


in the di s creti o n o f the C ou r t an d depend s u po n
t he ci rcu mstan c es o f each case ( a ) A l tho u g h as
w ill r ea dily b e s een no xe d r u l e can b e lai d d own
s till there are certai n g eneral
u p o n the s u b ect ( b)
j
pr inciples whi ch inu ence the C o u rt in xing the
a m o u nt to b e a wa r ded an d to whi ch i t i s des i rab le to
d ire ct a ttent io n
The C ou rt a s a g ener al r u le w ill take in to co n
s i der ati on all the fac t s o f t he c a se
the s tate of the
w e a th e r at the ti me the servi ces were rendered the
deg ree o f damag e and d an g er to t he ship and c ar g o
t he ri sk an d peril i n cu rr e d b y t he s alvo rs the ti m e
The am ou n t
o cc u p i ed an d t he val u e o f t he pr o perty
a warded g en erally far exceed s a mere rem u nerati o n
fo r w o rk and lab o u r the excess b ein g i ntended u p o n
TH E

ct

V ct c
v
c r

rv

4 5 8 , o f 17
18 i
10 4, i t i s p o ided
ha a ea s on ab le a mou n o f s al ag e s hall b e p ay a b le, b u t
wha i s a eas on ab le a mou n i s of ou s e t o b e d e e mi ne d b y
t he Cou
The a mou n of s a l a e e w d
a
1
L
u
s
h
1
5
Th
e
u
b
6
C
a
v g
( )
,
d u e i s not to b e de e mi ned b y any u l es ; i t i s a ma e o f
his o r i n any o he cas e n o
d i s e i on, a n d p o ba bly i n

w
l
d
a
e
Per Dr Lu shi ng on
t wo
ib unal s ou
g e

( a ) By

t t
t

se

rt

tr

cr t
tr

tr

t r
.

r r
tt r

A MO

77

UNT

princ iples o f s ou n d pub lic p olic v n o t o nly as a reward a m


to t he p a rti c u lar salv o r
b u t a s a n i nd u cem e nt to
o t her s to u nder o r i s k an d per il i n the resc u e o f
g
pr o perty i n d ang er ( c)
The C ou rt w ill n o t h o wever fail to g u ard a ain s t
exorbi tan t dem ands and a n u nd u e advan t ag e b eing
t ak en o f d is tress ( d)
I n t he A mer ican case The B la i r ea u ( e ) C hie f A m i
d ci i
J u s t ice Ma rshall lay s d o wn the s ame pr inc iple i n lv g
w
d

If
fu ll e r terms
says the Ch ie f J u st ic e
the
pro perty o f an indi vi d u al on lan d b e exp o sed t o the
g re a test per i l and b e s a ved b y the v o l u nt ary exe r
t i ons o f any pers o n w hat e v er if val u ab le g oo ds b e
rescu e d fro m a h o u se in ames a t t he i mm inen t
h az ard of l ife b y the salvo r n o rem uner a ti o n in the
shape o f salvag e is allowed The act i s h ig hly meri

IV

er c a n

sa
a

men t o f S ir ohn Ni hol] , The I n d us try, 3 Hag g 203,


2 04
S ee a ls o The Clift on , I d 117 , W he e the s ame l ea n ed

u dg e, p 12 1, ob se r es
The in g edi en ts of a salvag e s e i e
a re, s t, en te p i s e i n the sa l o s i n g oing
out i n tempes tu ou s
w ea the to ass i s t a es s el i n di s t ess , ri s ki ng t heir ow n l i es to
sa e thei
fell o w
eat u es an d to
es u e the p operty of t hei
fell ow s u b e ts s e on dly, the d eg ee o f d an g e and d is t es s f om
w hi h t he p o pe ty is es u ed w hether i t w e e i n i m min en t pe i l
ed
a n d al mos t ce rta in ly l os t, if n ot at the t i me es u ed a n d p es e
thi dly , the deg ee of l ab ou an d s kill whi h the sal o s i n ur
an d d is p lay , an d the t i me o
u pi ed
l as tl y , the va lue W he e
a ll t hes e i
u ms tan es
o n u , a la g e a n d li b e a l
ewa d ou g ht
to b e g i en ; b u t w he e none, or s a ely an y , ta ke p la e, the
ompensa
o mpensat i on ca n ha dl y be d eno mi n a ted a s a l a g e
t ion i t is little mo e than a m e e emune ation p ro op ere et

la bor e
S ee a ls o The Otto H er ma nn , The A l ber t, The E ll a
A d 18 9, 190
Co n sta n e, 3 3 L
3 Hag g 90 95
o hn Ni hol] , The H e tor ,
( d ) Pe r S ir
The Wm B eckfor d ,
S ee a lso The S a r a h, 1 0 Ro b 3 13, n
3 C Ro b 3 5 5 ; The F u s il eer, 10 L T N S 6 99 Ma in
on W e k a nd S a l ag e, p 106 ; a nd the fo llow i ng A me i a n
as es : The E mu l ous , 1 S u m 2 16 ; The H enr y E u ba n lc, I d
4 00 F retz
B u ll, 12 Ho w 4 6 6 3 The Genes ee Chi ef, H 443
( e) 2 C an h 2 6 6

(6)

u dg

r r

vr
r

r
cr r
j c
c
r r
r c

r c

r
cc
c c c r
r
r
r

c rc
v

r
r c
c

r
rv c

r rv
vr c

r
c rc

r r

r r

rc

rv
rc

v
r c

s o n s on

ar

78

TH E

C RA P

Iv

or S A L VA G E

LA W

toriou s,

and the servi ce i s as g reat as if rendered at


sea yet the claim for salvag e cou ld not perh ap s b e
su pported I t i s certai nly not made L et preci sely
t he same se rvi c e at precis ely the same haz ard b e
rendered at s ea a n d a very ample re ward w ill b e
b est owed in the c ou rts of j u sti ce
I f we search fo r
the m o ti ves pro du cing thi s apparent prodig ali ty in
rewarding servic es rendered at sea we shall n d them
i n a lib eral an d enlarg ed p ol icy
The allowance o f a
very ample compensati o n for these services one very
m u ch exceedi n g the mere r is k enc ou ntered and
lab ou r employed in effecti ng them i s i ntended as a n
i nd u ce ment to render them whi ch i t i s for the pu b li c
i nterests and fo r th e g eneral i nterests o f hu man i ty
to hold forth to th o s e who navig ate the ocean
It
i s perhaps d if c u lt o n any other pr inciple to acc ou nt
satis fact orily for the ve ry g reat d ifference whi ch i s
made b etween the retrib u tio n wh ich i s allowed for
services at sea and o n land Nei ther will a fai r cal
c ulati on o f the re al haz ard o r lab ou r b e a fo undation
fo r su ch d ifference n or will the b ene t recei ved
always acco u nt fo r it ( f )
,

the i n s ru ions to Recei e s of W


b y t he Boa d of T a de, w he re the i ng redien s of
ice are hu s des i b ed
18 6 5 , A rt 94 an d 94 a
se
1 The d eg ee of da ng e f o m w hi h the li es or p

( f ) S ee

rv

al so

r
t

r
cr

t ct

vr

reck

is s ued
sal ag e

r r

roperty

a re

rescu ed
The val u e of the property sa ved
The ri s k in cu rred b y the salv ors
The val u e of the pr perty b y the u se of whi ch the s ervi ces
are rendered an d t he d a g er to whi c h i t i s exp osed
The skil l show n i n rendering the s erv i ce
The t ime and la bou r occu pi ed
.

2
3
4

5
6

The risk i n u rred b y the


i n idental to the performan

l
i

vr

themsel es , i f ne ess a ily


of the s e
i ce, is the mos i m

sal o s

ce

'

rv

A MO

79

UNT

esti mat ing the v al u e o f the s ervi ces rend ered b y C HA I V


the s alv o rs the C ou rt looks to the exertio ns ac t u ally H W f
m ade and t he per il to whi ch the pr o perty sav e d w a s

s u bj e ct
I t w ill n o t take i nt o c o n s iderat io n exertio n s f
g tg g ff
that m ig ht have b een requ ire d o r dan g er t h at m ig ht m u m
have s u b s eq u ently a ri sen i f the s alvag e had b een
effec ted at a lat e r per io d
S u b s e q u ent p e r il s an d

m ay e n t er
sto rm s o b s e rve s Mr Ju s tice S t o ry
a s an i n r e d ient i nt o the case when th ey were fo re
g
seen to sho w the pro mpt itu de o f the a s s is tance and
t he activi ty and s o u nd j u dg ment w it h which th e
b u s i ne s s was c o nd u cted b u t t hey can s c arc ely avai l
for a n y o ther p u rp o s e
O u g ht the s alv ag e to b e
d i mini s hed b y a fa v o u r ab l e s tate o f t he we a t her after
the arrival i n p o rt ? I f n o t why s h o u ld i t b e i n
cre a s ed b y ah u nfav ou rab l e s tate of the we ather To
i ntr o d u ce s u ch i n g red i e nts i n t o the e s ti m a te of sal
vag e wh i ch were nei ther fo reseen n or a cted u p o n
w ou ld c o mp el the C o u r t to de l ive r i tsel f o ver to co n
j ectu re s restin g on l oo s e pr ob ab ili ti es the nat ure and
extent o f wh ich co u ld n e ver b e meas u red I t w ou ld
b e to g o o ff s ou nd i n g s to de s er t facts and to b e
In

P.

ar

rtant i g redien t i n
a w ar d e d
Th v a l e
t o b e pri ci p ally c o
m en s p r p erty ; a d

timat i

the

a mou n

of s a l

vag e

to b e
e
u
o f hu m a n l ife i s
hat w hi h i s an d ou g h
n
n s i d ered
i n the p ese a ion of o he

o
n
i f hi s b e s a i s fa ori ly p o e d to ha e
b een haz a rd e d, th e s al o s shou l d b e mos li bera lly e wa de d,
i s k ha s b een in u ed, b ut a u al l os s of
an d whe e not on ly
li fe has en s ue d, a s ill la g e a m ou n of s al ag e s ho ul d b e
I n es i ma i ng the d eg ee of dang e , eg a d s hou l d be
g i en
ha d to the da mag e s u s ain e d by the es sel i self, the n a u e of
t he l o a li y f om whi h s he w as es u ed, the sea s on of the y ea
w hen the s er i es w e e
a t the
en de ed, an d i f the w ea he
i me w as not empes uou s, the p o ba bi li y or im p ob a b ili y of
i ts b e o mi ng s o, i g no an e or k n o w ledg e, a s the as e may b e,
on the pa
es s el
o f the mas e or o he p e son on b oa d the
(g ) The E mu lo us, 1 S u mn e , 2 16

po

es

ng

c t r

vc
t

rt

r
t

vr
t

t
r c
tr

c rr

r r
r

r r

r r
t

r c
r
r

t r
r

c
r rv t
ct
rv
v

t r

t r
r

ct

t
t r

80

LA W

TH E

Cm

IV

O F S A LV A G E

ui ded by specu la tion s always questionable an d s om e

ti mes decepti ve ( Ia)


S alvo rs who p rese rve hu man life are e n titled to be
liberal ly rewarde d a nd in dete rmin in g the am o un t
to be p aid the m the d eg ree of pe ril to which th ey
and the pe rs o n s w ho m they s aved we re expo s ed is
to be taken i n to co ns ide ratio n
I n g i v i ng j u dg
ment in the c a s e o f The Thomas F i e lden U
c) D r
L ushi n g ton ob s e rves I hesita te n ot to s av th a t
howeve r g re at may be the d ang e r to the p roperty
itsel f if it is wholly u na tten ded with risk to h u man
li fe it ass u m e s mu ch less value th an un der ci rcum
s tances whe re h u m an life is put in peril
The time is o f n o con s eque n ce
I h ave even held
the O pi nio n th at wh e n on ce I can come to the con vic
tio n th at hu man life has been at stake eve n fo r a
short ti me it is the d u ty o f the C ou rt amply to
rew ard the pe rs on s co n ce rn ed an d for obviou s an d
pl ai n reason s ; rs t b e cau se from the n ecessity o f
the c ase a very g reat reward shoul d be g i v e n whet
eve r there has b een a s ac rice of human life ; an d
secon dly th at hum an life is above all other con s ide ra
tions and oug ht n ever to be exposed to unn ecess ary

h az ard and ri s k
W he n the re i s a j oi n t s alvag e a vessel s av i n g life
a s well as p rope rty has been aw arded a hi her re
g
mun eratl on than one s avmg prope rty o nly ( 0
g

for
s a l ag e

li fe

Re w a rd
W h am
v a g e co

11

'

li fe

p er t

( It) S ee also Ta l bot v S eaman , 1 Cranch 1 ; The V ersa i ll es


.

I Curtei s . 360 The B r ig A lp hons o, Id 37 8 ; The I n d ep en den ce,


2 Id 3 5 0
( i ) The E as ter n M na r h, L u s h
( k) 32 L J A d 6 1
S ee aim The Coroma ml el,
( l) The Cl a risse, S wa 129
S wa 2 05 ; The Ba rtley, I d 198 ; The A l ma, Lus h 3 7 8
.

81

A M UNT

W here the ve s sel

ed is a ste am bo at c arryi ng C H
p asse n g e rs the rew ard is no t to be esti ma ted by the S lv g
s am e co n s ide ration s o f v alue as are applied to othe r
vessels S uch vessels make l arg e p rots an d are
n o t to
p ay fo r s a l va g e se rv ic e s a s if they we re o nl v

c arryi ng ballast
Human ity obse rve s S ir J oh n
Nicholl ( m ) requ i res th at e v e ry possible en courag e
m e n t i n the w ay o f libe ral r ewa rd shou ld be g ive n
i n o rde r to in duce a pro mpt a n d ei cien t a ssist an ce
to the s e vessel s a n d th at the reward should be
beyo n d a m e re p roportion o f the value as in o rdi

n a ry c as es
S te a m e rs in co n s eque n ce o f the cost at which S l g
t m
thev are tted up the pow e r whi ch they possess o f
performi n g sa l v ag e s ervices with much g re ater celerity
than other vessel s a n d un der ci rcum st an ces in which
no other a ssistan ce could p revail and the g reate r
s afety to the s al v ed vesse l which atte n ds thei r
services are g e n erally e n titled to g reate r salvag e
a n d this is e s peci all y
rew ard th an other ve s s els
so W he re a ste am vessel is s olely built for an d
devoted to s alvag e servi ces an d depe n ds enti rely
on h er ch ances for public e n co u rag e me n t an d sup
p or t ( 10 )
W he re the tim e occupied by a ste ame r in rende r
l

sa v

AP

1v

e Of

a va

s ea

3 Hag g

( m) The A r d i n cap le,

Mer cha n t

I b id

3 94

400

The Lon d on

15 1 15 8

vc

A s to s u i ts for sa l a g e ser i es r endered t shi ps of wa r,


The Cam u s, I bi d 46 4
see The P ri n s F r ed eri k, 2 D ds 4 5 1
ases , The Ex ha n g e, 7 Cra n h 116 ; The
and the A meri a n
N S 7 26
Th ma s A S tt, 10 L
( ) The K ing a lo ck, 1 S pinks, 26 3 2 6 7 ; The A lfen , S w a
I 8 9, 190 ; The Ra th er, I Hag g 2 46 ; The L n do n M ercha n t
3 Hag g 3 94 ; The Ea r l Grey, I ni d 3 6 3 ; The Per th, I b id
The Gra ces, 2 W Rob 294
4 14 The S han non , 11 J u r 10 45
( p ) The M a ry A nne, ( Irish), 11 L T N S 8 5

(n )

o
o

co

12y

s hi

ps

82
Ca

IV

OF

LAW

TH E

SA

LVA G E

ing

s alvag e se rvice is o f li mited d u ra tio n th at ci rcu m


s tan ce o f it s el f will n o t ope rate a a i n st the cl ai m o f
g
the s alvo rs
W he re a ste am vessel is s u mm o n ed by sig n al o r
otherwise to the a ssist an ce o f a ves s el in distre s s
s he i s to be re m un era ted for the distan ce she m a
y
com e in o rde r to reach the v es s el ( r)
W he re the s a lvin g vessel is a p a s s e n g e r ship the
C ou rt i n e s ti matin g the am oun t o f s alvag e to be
award ed w i ll t ake i n to con sidera tion the n a tu re o f
the vessel s e m plo y me n t
an d the g re at res p on
s i bilit
y w hich the m aste r o f su ch a vessel t a ke s
upo n hi m self i n del ayi ng the p rosecution o f hi s
voyag e ( t)
W he re s hips bo ats p r othe r p roperty are e m ployed
i n co nn ection with the s alvag e se rvice the val u e o f
th at p rope rty i s to be t aken i n to con sideration in
xing the compen sa tio n o f the s alvo rs ( a ) The fact
that s u ch p rope rty m ay be of triing i mportan ce
doe s no t n e c e s s arily det ract from the valu e o f the
sal vag e se rvice whil s t the pl acin g o f v al u able
p rope rty in peril does u n doubtedly enh an ce its
m e rit ( as)
I n ca ses whe re the s al v in g v essel has s u st a ined
d amag e or lo s s in re n de ri ng s alvag e se rvices the
C o ur t has frequ e n tly i n addi tion to the s alv ag e
awarded a re a son able com pe n s atio n for the d a ma e
g
an d fo r the loss o f the ship s se rvice s whilst un de r
,

B y p as s en
g er s h i p
.

Vl

a u e of

s a l vor s

p e rt

p ro

C o m p en s a
ti n fo r
d am ag e to
s al i n g
v es s e l

( q)

Lu shing ton

J udg men t of D

r.

The A nd a lus i a , 12 L T
.

N S 5 84
( r ) The Gr a ces , 2 W Ro b 2 94 30 0
( 3 ) The V a n g u a r d , 5 I ri s h J u r N S 3 6 4

n s ta n ce, 3 3 L
o
t
T
h
e
Ell
a
C
A
1
8
9
192
d
)
(
.

( a ) The F usil eer, B


(rt ) I bid
.

L 3 41
.

A M UNT

83

an d whe re such a vessel is inj ured C H


oi ng rep ai rs
IV
o r lo s t whilst e n a e d i n the s alva e service
the
g g
g
p re s u m ption is th a t the i njury or loss was occ asion ed
by the n ecessities of the se rvi ce an d n o t by the de
fault o f the s alvors an d i n s u ch a c a se the bu rde n
o f p r oo f li es u po n the de fen d a n t s who alle e th a t
g
the lo s s w as caused by the s alvo rs o wn acts
I n The J a ne
a south s ea wh aler which had bee n
detain ed in con sequence o f sal vag e services re nd ered
b y he r w a s decreed additio n al com pe n s a tio n to cove r
the risk d a mag e an d expen se whi ch she had i n curred ;
a n d i n T he S e l ecta b
( ) com pen sa tion was in the sam e
way a w arded to a vessel e n g ag ed in the se alin g t rade
fo r the loss o f the se alin g s e as on
I n The H o wth
a n d cl ( c
) the loss o f a qu an tity o f ice with which the
s a l vi n
g vessel was l aden w as t a ken into co n side ra
tio n i n a warding the s alvag e
W here an y p ay m e n ts h ave bee n ma de or are cl ai med P y m t
by
by the shipown er in respect o f the damag e or deten ow t b
t t d i
tion o f the salvi ng vessel they sho u ld be stated in p ti ti o
the petition th a t they may if reas on able be allowed
ag a in st th e de fe n dan ts or the C o urt will no t after
w ards take the p aym ents in to a ccou n t as ag ai n st the
othe r clai man ts in appo rtion i n g the salvag e
I f a shi n g vessel should i n te rrupt a luc rati v e Com p
ti o f
l
e mploym e n t for the purpose of rende ring s alv ag e f h i g

AY

'

en s ,
o

n er

s a e

en s a

( y ) The S p iri t of the A g e, S wa 2 8 6 The Ge rg e Dea n, b i d


2 90
The S a r at g a, L u s h 318 The E l ea n re, B r 81. L 18 5
S ee a ls The Corn elius Gri n n ell
Th e M a rtha , 3 Hag g 43 4
N S 27 8
( A mer an ), 11 L
( 2 ) u dg ment of Dr Lus h ng n, The T h mas B lyth, Lush

ic
J

i to

1(S

t)

2 Ha g g 3 38
( b ) b id 2 6 2
( e) 1 S p n ks , 2 5
( d) The Wig toumshi re, 36 L
a

A d 11
.

or

os s
.

84
C um

LA W

THE

Iv

O F S A LVA G E

the loss she may h ave sus


tain ed will fo rm an e s s e n ti al i n g re die n t i n the esti
m ate o f the aw ard ( e )
I n ordi n ary c ase s howeve r
whe re the re is n o i mm i n en t d an g er the C ou rt will le an
a ai n st the cl ai m s o f s her men to be com pe n s a ted to
g
I n The N
the full e xte n t o f thei r possible e arn i ng s
colai H einzr i ch (
f) D r L ushing to n is thu s reported :
h
T e C ou rt h as to con sider wh a t has b e e n the loss
which the s alvo rs h ave expe ri en ced in dese rti ng
their occ up a ti o n of s hi n g and rendering thi s se rvice
This la tte r ci rcum stan ce is on e to be t re a ted with
som e t en de rn ess but the p ri n ciple of taki ng i n to
a ccoun t th e loss th ey h ave s u s ta in ed is n o t to be
c arried too far I en tirely ag ree with an observation
ma de by cou n sel on tha t poin t th at if the r ep rese nt a
tion of the s alvo rs a s to the g re at los s they h ave
s uffered i s true co n si d erin
g the se rvices they we re
called u pon to ren der they ou g ht n ot to have taken
ch arg e o f the vessel w ithout h avi n g st ated to the
c aptain the su m they would as k I wi s h it to be
disti n ctly un de rstood a s these c as e s seem to be m ul
tiplyi ng th a t i f per son s en g ag ed i n shi ng are to be
e mployed i n a servic e o f this descriptio n which is
ards thi n k the
n ot re ally i mpo rtan t an d afte rw
y can
i n duce the C ourt to g ive them any possible am oun t
th ey thi nk they mig ht h ave ac
o f p rot which
quired th ey had better g o on w ith the l atte r an d
I n ca ses of i mm i n e n t
n o t affo rd their se rv ices
d ang er w h a teve r am ou n t o f g ai n they wou ld h ave
would un doubtedly be t aken
ac quired by shi ng
se rvice

th at fact,

an d

(e) The L ou i sa , 3 W Rob 99


( I ) 17 J ur 32 9
.

O NT

AM U

i n to

85

co n s ide ra ti on but not in c as e s s uc h as th a t C R IV

n o w be fo re me
The damage m u s t not be too re m otely conne cted R m t ss
fd m g
w i th the s alvage
I n the A m e rican c a s e 0 G r i n ne l l
the s a lvi ng s team e r w as i n con s equence o f the t im e
t hat the s alvage occup i ed delayed in the s ub s equent
p ro s ecuti on o f h er voyage at a dan gero u s place about
lo w w a te r w hi c h but fo r that delay s h e would ro
p
bably have reac hed about hig h w a te r an d have
pas s e d i n s a fety but under the c ircum s tance s s he
s t ruck o n a r ock
and was s e rio u s ly i nju red ; the
C ou rt held th e d a m age too re m ote to be con s i d ere d
a s an ele m ent in
e s tim a ti ng the am o unt of s al
v age ( g )
I t w a s fo rm e rly l ai d dow n t ha t i n award ing s alvage S hi p w
i sk 1 i
th e C ou r t would not take i n to con s i de rati on any ri s k s m
b i g
w hi c h the o w ne r o f the s a lvi ng v e s s el unde rwent o f vi ti t d
h avi n g his poli cy of i n s u rance v i t ia ted i n cou s e
qu en ce o f a d evi ati on b y her but w ould c o n s i de r
eve ry ve s s el as un in s u red ( h) I n m ore recent cas e s
AP

en e
a

'

ner s

n oe

e n

a e

'
T
h
n
e
r
e
or
li
us
G
i
nn
e
ll
A
m
e
r
i
a
n
11
L
I N S 278
C
( 9)
(
),
S ee a lso The M u lg ra ve, 2 Hag g 7 7 , w here the o wn ers of a
es sel, whi h ha d a g reed t o a
sa l i n g
ept a xe d s u m for her
s e rv i e , w e re held n ot to b e en ti tle d t o re m u n e ra ti o n for loss
a rg o ( s h) oc as ion e d b y d elay ,
on t he
a u s ed i n full l ing the
ag reem en t
18 0
S ee a ls o The J a n e,
( h) The D everon , 1 W Rob
2 Ha g g
3 3 8 ; The Or b on a , 1 S p i nk , 16 1
The B ea ver, 3
S i d e b atha m, 6 Eas t, 45 ; The
C Ro b 2 92 ; L a u ren e

I
e
a
n
t
h
a
P
M ed o a , Th J e e te, T e A r bi a n , ri t hard s i g e st, 8 3 5 ;
ns u ra n e, 3 rd ed iti on, b y Mr Da i d
an d A rn o ld on Mari n e
McLac hla n , pp 4 7 7 , 4 7 8 , w he re the l a w a s to the ef e t of
a d e ia ti on to s u
o u r di st re
i s thus la id do wn
d ou b t,
d i s honou ra ble to the j u ri p ru den e o f Chr is tian omm u n i ti es ,
a ppears for s o me ti m e to ha e pre a iled b oth i n t hi
ou n try
a nd in the Un i ted S tate , w hether a d e par ture from the dire t
o ya g e for t he p u r po e o f s a ing the l i e of m e n
ourse of the
threatened wi th a n i mmi nen t d a ng er of s hi pw re k or founder
i ng , was or was not a d e ati on w hi h wou ld di s harg e the
.

cs

cc

c v

'

cc

ss

vi

s c

vs
c

86

LA W

THE

C RA P I v
.

O F S A LV A G E

not recognis ed this doctrine


but has taken i nto con si derati on risk s o f this n ature
a s m ateri ally affecti ng th e p ropo rti on o f s alvage to be
Thu s in the c a s e of The
awarded to the owner
S ir Ra lp h A ber cr ombi e ( i ) w he re the own ers of an
i n s ured ve ss el clai m ed an i ncreas e of the s h are o f
s alvage appo rti oned them
on the ground s that the
i n s urance had been j eopardi s ed by the deviati on o f the
ve s s el that there was a p o s si bility o f their beco ming
liable to the owners o f the c argo for the deviati on
however , the C ourt has

i t mu st n ow, howe er, b e tak en as cl ear l aw ,


b oth on thi s a n d the other s ide of the A tlanti , that a de i a ti on
of thi s ki nd , sancti oned al i ke b y the tru e i nteres ts o f com
mer e and the learest pri nci p les of hu ma n ity, can in n o
i ns ta nce b e hel d to d i s ha rg e t he u n derwri ters
Thi s li b erty ,
ho we er, has b een exp res s ly con ned i n the Un ited S tates to
thos e as es o nly i n w hi h the obj e t of the de i ati on i s the
p res er ati on of hu man li fe, and i t has b een held not to ex
t end to the sa i ng of property
I a pp rehend the la w w ill he

I t a p pea rs, ho we er, to te


fou nd the s ame i n thi s ou n try
d o u bt ful whether the Cou rts of this ou n try wil l r e og ni s e the
di sti n tion poi n te d out b y Mr McLachla n
I n a re ent a se
S i r Ro b ert Phi ll i more , i n
( The Theti s, L R 2 A d
referri ng to the s u bj e t, is reported ( p 3 6 8 ) to ob se r e
It
ha s b een urg ed u p on me t hat t he act of the mas te r in this ase
ou ld n ot ha e b een w ithi n the s op e of his co mmi si on, a n d
w a s not for the b ene t o f the owners , b e au s e a d e iation fo r
the p urpose of rendering sa l vag e s er i e to p roperty wou ld,
u pon g eneral prin i ples, a o i d a p oli y of i ns uran e ; b u t tha t
i s a n unde ided a nd ery d o ub tful p roposit ion o f En g lis h l a w ,
and ertai nly one to w hi h I can no t g i e my a sent
I t w as
at all e en ts p ronoun ed by the Pri y Coun il i n 18 6 6 to b e
an u ndecided p oi nt of la w ( The Tru e Bl ue, L R 1 P C C
2 5 4,
I a m aware that the A meri an Co u rts appear to
have , mad e a di stin tion between a d e i a tion for the p u rpo s e o f
sa i n g life a nd for that o f sa ing p roper ty ; i t i s perhaps not
upp os ed , that s u h a
qu ite so ertai n , howe er, a s g enerally s
di sti nction has been nally es tab li hed
S ee, on the sa me
ases, The B os ton , 1 S u m 3 2 8
sub j ect, the A merican
The
E ub amk, I bid 400 ; The Na tha n ie l H oop er , 3 I b id 5 35 , 5 7 8
2 Cran h 2 40
The B r ig Cora , 2 W a sh 8 0
The
A B oa: of B ulli on , 6 A merican L a w Rep 3 6 3
8 6 ; Wi lli a ms
( i) L R l P C 464
und erwri ters

c
v

vc

87

AM O UNT

th at the s hip was endan gered by be ing le ft sh ort C n i v


handed i n con s equence o f a port i on of her c rew
havin g been placed on bo ard the ve s s el s ave d the
C ou rt upon the s e ground s inc re as ed the s u m a p
porti one d to the own ers fro m 6 0 0 to 2 000 D r
L u s hington i n gi vi ng j u dg m ent o b s e rvi ng
We
think i t i s qui te right that the claims o f the owners
s h ould be con s i de red
not onl y on account o f the
doubt wh ethe r the i n s urance m i ght not be v iti ate d
and whethe r the owne rs o f th e shi p m igh t not b e
come re s pon s i ble to the own e rs o f the cargo for the
acts of th ei r s ervant s in devi a ting from th ei r cours e
to rende r th e as s is tance an d w ea kening the crew but
al s o fo r the ris k to whi ch th eir p rope rty has be en
expo s ed i n renderi ng the s ervi ce and w hi ch in j u s
tice ough t to be made good to them ( 7c)
The que s ti on dis cu s s ed above w ill not of cou rs e
aris e whe re as frequently happen s the poli cy o f
as s urance c o nta in s a clau s e g iving leave to the in s ured
ve ss el to to w and as sis t ve s s els in all si tuati on s
W h er e th e s hip s aved i s d e reli ct i t has been th e A m t
wh
sh i p
uniform cours e to g i ve m ore th an in o rdinary s alvage d li ct
cas e s but upon the s ame p rinciple th at i s applied
to othe r c as e s nam ely the d ange rou s condi ti on o f
D erelict like oth e r s alvage cas e s are
the p rope r ty
to be gove rned by the value ri s k o f life damage to
the p rope r ty s kill labou r an d durati on o f s e rv i ce ( I)
I n T he Tr ue B l ue ( m) Dr L u s hi ng ton i s thu s re
ported : Now in truth and in fa ct whe n the C o urt
and

ou n

e re

e re

P 46 1
a l s o The Sci n di a, L R 1 P C 2 41 2 46 ;
l
a
e
e
S
( )
A lethei a 13 W Re p 2 7 9
( l ) The Tr ue B lu e, L R 1 P C 2 5 0
( m) Ubi sup r a
.

an d

The

88

T HE

C RA P 1v
.

o r S ALV A G E

LA W

come s to con s ide r the qu e s tion of derelict o r not it take s


into con si de ra t ion the d ange r to the p mperty and i t
doe s s o w hen the v e s s e l i s not de reli ct ; the prope rty
may be i n i nni te d a ng e r th ough it i s not de reli ct
but the C ourt alway s co n s i ders that one of the ni a
terial i ngredi e nt s up o n whi ch i t g ive s a la rge s alvage
i s the danger to the p ro per ty and the dan ge r may
b e [we do n o t s a y th at i t i s but the dange r may be]
and in ce rtai n c as es o f s al v age i t is as great to the
p roperty w hi ch i s not derelict as i t i s in othe r cas e s
whe re the p r ope rty i s d e rel ict Th e re fore the p roper
cou rs e to purs ue in all th e s e c a s e s is to con si der the
fact o f d erel ict a s be in g as it were an ingredi ent in

f
the degree o dange r i n w hi ch th e p rope rty i s ( a )
I t w a s anci ently th e p racti ce of the C ourt to
award to s alvo rs a m oiety of the p roperty found
dereli ct but for a l o n g tim e thi s p ractice has been
departed fro m an d the a mo unt re s ts as in othe r
cas e s i n the d is c re ti on o f the C ourt and does not
nece s s arily be ar an y xed p ro portion to the property
s alved but i s regul a ted upon th e p ri nc iple o f gi ving
an adequate reward accordi ng to the ci rcums tance s
The C ourt ha s however i n cas e s
of the ca s e ( a )
,

The S a ra h B ell, 4 N ot es of Cases, 144 ; The


Floren ce, 16 J ur 5 7 2 5 7 8
( a) It i s a s u g g est io n of co mmon rea s on , tha t where the p ro
p erty i s very larg e, a sma ller p ropo r tion may a ord ad equate
r emun era ti on, a n d as that i s the on l y tr u e meas u re of reward ,
i t i s a bs u rd to as s ig n xed pro po rtions, whi ch mu s t o perate v ery
The rule of p ro
d ifferentl y a ccording to d i erence of val u e
portion, therefore, i s a ru le whi ch t his Co urt has not re cog
The ques tion
n i z ed, and w i l l n ot a do pt o n a ny recommendati on
wi ll res o lve i tself in to the con s i dera tio n o f c i rc u ms ta n ces a ttend
i ng the parti cu lar cas e W hen t he a mou nt o f the reward i s so
xed i t will b e s een w ha t i s t he prop orti on , and i t may b e
e xpres sed i n pop u l ar l an g u a g e , b u t t he cas e mus t b e s ub s ta n
tially determi ned on m o re pa rti c ula r cons id erations than those

( n ) S ee

al so

A MO

89

UNT

o f derelict on many occasio ns g iven a pr o portio n o f CRA 1V


o n e hal f or one th ird o f the pr o p e rty salved to the
sal vors (p ) and where the pr o perty was o f small
valu e and no owner app eared i t has even d irected
that the whole s u m at wh i ch i t was s o ld sho u ld b e
di vided among them
T here does n o t appear to b e any i ns tan ce except
in cases o f dereli ct where the s alvo rs have b een
decreed a s u m exceed ing a m o iety o f the pro ceeds
A lth ou g h salvors are enti t led to no spec i c pro P p ti
lm g e t
f
porti ons o f the property saved ( a) and a lthou g h the p p ty
vd
rem u neratio n for the s e rvi ce is n o t mea s u red b y the
val u e o f the property b u t wi th re ferenc e to all the
circu mstances of the case and e s peci ally w ith re fe r
ence to any ri sk there may h ave b e en to h uman
li fe ( t) the val u e o f the pro per ty nev e r theless may
mater ially a ect the s u m to b e aw ard e d
The C o u rt wi ll take i nt o a cc o u nt the fa ct that the
P

ro

eu

ro

sa e

'

Per S i r C Ro bi n son, The S a l a cea , 2 Hag g


See a ls o The A qu i la , 1 C Rob 3 7 ; The F l oren ce, u bi
16 5 ; The That/L
s , 2 Kna pp 409 ;
s up ra ; The E or t, 3 Ha g g
The M in ewva , 1 S pi nks , 2 7 1 ; The M a g d a len , 5 L T N S 8 0 7
The B er li n, 4 I ris h J u r 11 The J a n e, 5 Iris h J ur 3 1 The
The V es ta , 2 Hag g 18 9
M arti n L u ther, 12 L T N S 5 8 5
The Os ca r, I b id 2 6 0
( p ) The Ca rg o e2: Ven us , L R 1 A d 5 0, 5 1 The E sp er a n ce,
The Norma , L u sh 12 4 ; The B len denhall,
1 Dods 4 6
The F r a n ces M a r y, 2 Hag g 8 9 ; The
1 Dud e 4 14 4 2 3
Re li a n ce, I bid 90, n ; The E lli otta , 2 Dods 7 5 The A tl a s
Lu s h 5 18 5 3 0 ; The E well Gr o ve, 3 Hag g 2 0 9 2 2 1 ; The
S a n same, 3 I ri s h J an 5 8 ; The J u bil ee , 3 Ha g g 4 3, n ; The
Jong e B a sti a a n, 5 0 Ro b 3 22 The F or tu n a , 4 C Rob 193
The M a ry A n n e ( Iris h), 11 L T N S 8 5
( ql The Ca s tletown , 5 Iri s h J u r 3 7 9 S ee The Rutlan d ,
3 I bid 28 3 ; The Wi l l i a m H a milton , 3 Hag g 16 8 , n
( r ) The I n ca , S wa 3 7 0
(s ) The Thetzs , 3 Hag g 14 The S a l a ci a 2 Hag g 2 6 2
( t) The Jame s D i xon , 2 L T N S 6 96 ; The Thomas
F ie lden, 32 L J A d 6 1
of

p
262

roporti on

'

'

'

or

er
.

on

90
Cu m

LAW

T HE

IV

or

SA

LVA G E

wners are b ene ted in pr o p o rtio n to the val u e o f


the pr o perty and when it i s larg e t he re mu neratio n
i s rel atively g re at n o t o nly in c o n s equ ence o f its
b eing les s felt b y the o wner s b u t b eca u se o n many
o cc as io n s where the pr o perty i s small salvors per fo rm
g reat s ervi ce s with o u t ad e qu ate rem u nerati o n (a )
I n asc e r taini n g the v al u e o f the sh ip and car g o
the g eneral r ule is that the val u atio n s hall b e t aken
at the p o rt i nto whi ch the sh ip is carried W here
h owever salvag e services w er e r endered to a vessel
b ou nd for L o nd o n an d she was carried i n t o L i s b o n
and her carg o whi ch was u n saleab l e there was s u b
sequ ently transhi pped an d sent to L o ndon i t w as
held that the pr o per meth o d of arrivin g at the val u e
o f the car o a t Li s b o n w o u ld b e b
g
y p u ttin g it a t a
per centag e l es s than the proceed s of its s ale i n
L o nd o n an d ded u ctin g the fre ig ht an d char g e s fo r
the voyag e fro m L i sb o n to L o nd on bu t all owing a
p r o r a ta freig ht as far as L o nd o n
The valu e o f the pr operty i s als o to b e taken a t
the time when the vess el w as rst b ro u g ht i nto s afety
and n ot a t any s u b s equ ent per io d an d where a vessel
and carg o, althou g h w o rth m o re than
when
rst carried into p o rt i n c onsequ ence of mi s manag e
ment reali sed b arely m o re th a n hal f that s u m the
salvo rs were held to b e enti t led in a qu es tio n as to
j u ri sdictio n to take the larg er s u m as the valu e (y )
o

f Ey l zn lon S wa 7 ;
The Ra i kes 1 H ag g 2 46 ;

( a ) The E a r l
Ha g g

'

The E well Grove, 3


The H e tor, 3 Hag g

2 09 ;
,
N S 8 33
The S yr ia n , 14 L
90
(x ) The G eorg e D ea n , S w a 2 90 S ee al so The
The Pr og r ess, E d wa rds , 2 10
The Ca rg o
Lu sh
dia n a h, 2 P i A d Dig 7 3 6
(y) The S tell a, L R 1 Ad 3 40
.

rt

Norma ,
ex

L oo

A MO

UNT

91

In

esti matin g the salvag e u pon fre ig ht where the C m 1v


s er vi c e s o f the salv o rs term i nate b e fo re the c o mple
S lv g
t io n o f the voyag e the C ou rt w ill treat the fre ig ht
dim P m
a s d ivi s i b le and a s th ou h a
r o r a ta fr e i ht were
g
p
g
payab le at the i ntermed iate p o rt This qu e s tion w as
di s c u s s ed in the case o f T he Nor ma ( z ) where a
vessel b ou n d fro m H o ndu ras to L o nd o n wa s to wed
i nto B erm u da b v s alv o r s an d there the C o u rt allowed
salvag e u p o n on e hal f o f the to t al g r o ss freig ht I n
the cou rse o f hi s j u dg ment i n that c a se D r L u shing
The
to n made t hese o b servatio ns :
g ro ss freig ht
received w a s 2 2 10 ; the B ermu da expenses i nclu d
i ng detentio n and o ther charg es a m o u nted to 18 2 2
Up o n th i s s t ate o f fact s the salv o r s c o ntend th a t they
are enti tled to s a lvag e u p o n the wh ole 2 2 10 The
o wners say th a t the frei ht m u s t b e t ak en a t B er
g
m u da where n o ne w as pay ab le or that if that p o si
tio n i s n o t to prevail an d the salvo rs m u st b e all o wed
salvag e on part freig ht n o su ch part ex i sts for the
wh o le freig ht has b een swall o wed u p b y the expenses
Now i t i s certainly qu i te
o f ea rni n
g it
tru e that at B ermu da as b etween the owner o f the
sh ip an d the shipper o f the g o o ds n o fre ig ht was
earned B u t I do n o t thi n k that thi s i s at al l con
I t i s qu i te nece s sary as
e lu s i ve ag ai nst the salvo rs
the Q u een s A dvo cate has o b se rved in o rder to hold
persons to thei r en g ag ements to requi re where a
contract i s ent i re in i ts nat u re enti re per fo rmance as
a condi tio n precedent to any ri g ht of paym ent ; the
c o ntract o f freig ht i s emphati cally a c o ntract o f this
kind and fre ig ht t here fore i s n o t pro perly earn e d
except
u nder c i rcu mstances i mplyi ng a n ew c o ntract )
(
a

'

(2 )

L u sh 124
.

92
C

HA

THE

1v

LA W

SA

or

LVA G E

ntil the carg o i s sold at the p o rt o f destination


B u t i n salvag e we have to de ci de o n p u rely eq u i tab le
pr inciples and the qu estio n i s n ot s o m u ch what
freig ht was e arn ed a t Be rm u d a b u t what service s i n
re s pect o f the c o ntra c t fo r fr eig ht the salvo rs had
then r endered Ju dg in g b y thi s t est the s alvo rs
are e ntitled to s alvag e u p o n a c onsi der ab le p a rt o f
the t o t al fre ig h t for i t i s cl e ar th a t a larg e p o rti o n
o f the vo y a e h a d b e en p e r fo rmed b efo re the sal va e
g
g
s ervi ce s a n d t hat th e e n ti r e b e n e t o f s o m u ch w a s
preserved to the ship o wner s b y t he s alvo r s n o t ind e ed
ab s o l u tely fo r exp e n s e s had to b e inc u rr e d
and the
peril s o f the voyag e fr o m B e rm u d a h o me had y et to
b e u nderg o n e b u t pres e rved fr o m i mmed ia t e an d
t o tal lo ss I do n o t th in k i t n e ce s s ary to enter into
a de t ai led c alc u lati o n u p o n thi s qu e s ti o n o f the v al u e
o f t he s alv o rs servi ces to frei h t
ho w far the B er
g
m u da exp en s e s are to b e t a ken in t o acc o u nt what
i te m s are pr o p er i t em s o f ded u cti o n and s o o n
My j u dg m ent m u s t after all b e a r u s ti cu m j u
d ici u m
I t i s en o u g h to say t hat t he servi ces o f
the salv o r s i n re s pect o f fre ig ht w e r e c o nsi d e rab le
I s h all r e c ko n the valu e o f the fr e ig ht saved at
u

In

c ertainin g the net val u e o f the pro perty all


in
lf
t o
Edge
neces s ary sale expenses and the u s u al a llo w anc e s in
re s pect o f carg o a nd freig ht an d a s a g enera l r u le
expenses b y which all p arties in t ere sted in the carg o
a re to b e ded u c ted fro m the
are b ene ted
g ro ss
valu e ( a ) O n t he o t her h and a b o t to mry b o nd exe
ou ted nece s sar i es s u ppli e d o r wag e s d u e b e fo re the
x

s s

as

( a ) The Pea ce, S wa 115


.

S upp 13 ; The Pa u l, L
.

R
.

The H e be, 7 Notes of Cases ,


1 A d 5 7 ; The S a mu el, 15 Ju r 40 7
.

93

A M O UNT

salvag e was render e d ( b) m o n ey paid on acc ou nt of C R


freig ht
fo r pr i ma g e o r i ns u ranc e o r fo r the
expenses o f pro s ec u tin g per s o n s who had fo rci b ly dis
p o ssessed the salv o r s ( d) w ill n o t b e pr o p e r de du c
t io ns
W here h o wev e r a b o t t o mry b o nd w as g i v en a n d
wag es were e ar n e d s u b s equ en tlv to t he salvag e they
were b o t h held to b e pro per d e d u c t io ns fr o m the
v a l u e o f the pr o p e rty as ag ain s t t he s alv o rs ( e)
hemey e r an y s alvag e qu e s tio n aris e s the Re b lR tci iv
y
c e iver o f W r e c k for the d i str ict m ay u p o n appl i cati o n f W c k
fr o m ei ther o f the par ti e s ap p oi nt a valu er to valu e
the pr o p e r ty i n re s pect o f whi ch t he salvag e claim i s
m ade and w hen the val u atio n ha s b e en retu rned to
hi m he i s to g i v e a c o py o f i t to b o th p arti e s a n d a
Co py o f th e val u a ti o n p u rp o r ti n
g to b e s ig n ed b y the
v alu er and to b e a tte s te d b y the Re cei ver i s to b e
rece ived as evidence in any s u b s eq u ent pro c eed
'

"

AP

'

a ua

on

e e

re

ing

( f)
I f t he v es s el and carg o b e arrest e d the salvo rs are
e n t i tled to h a ve t h e i r v al u e as ce rtai ned b
y a ppr ai se
men t o f the M a rsh al o f the C ou r t o f A d mi ral ty b e fo re
t he pr o p e rty le aves the c u st o dy o f t he Co u rt
If
h o wever the appraisemen t d o es n o t sh o w a g re a ter
val u e than t h a t s tated by the o wner s the C o u rt will
.

( b) T he Hebe, 7 Notes

of

7 J u r 18 2
( c) The Fleece, 3 W Rob

Cas es , S u pp i
.

iii ; The S a bi n a ,
.

The Cha r lotte Wy li e ,


5 Not es o f Ca s es , 4 ; The Westm i ns ter , 1 W Ro b 2 2 9 233 ;
The Nor ma , 1 L u s h 12 4 ; The F u si li er, 10 L T N S 6 99 ;
The Pea e, S wa 1 15
( d ) The F l ee e, a bi s upr a , p 2 8 1
( e) The S eli n a , 2 Notes of Cases , 18
6 3, s 5 0
( f ) 2 5 8t 2 6 Vi t
( g ) Coo te s A d mi ralty Pra ti e, p 4 9 The Cha rl otte Wy li e,
an d see a ls o A d Ru l es , 5 0
a bz s up r a ;
.

27 8

28 2

'

c c
.

c c

A p p rai s e

m en

er

94

TH E

O F S A L VA G E

L AW

direct the co s ts to b e b orne b y the salvors ( h) ; and


i t will only allow the s alvo r s th e c o s ts o f the apprai se
ment when the val u e s tated b y the owners is wholly
b elo w the r e al v alu e ; and wi ll n ot re g ard the fac t
that the apprai sement exceeds the valu e sta ted b y
the owners b y a few p ou nds
A pp rai
W here the M arsh a l has o nce made his a pprai se
m t na l
ment the C ou rt wi ll n ot afterwa rds di stu rb i t
and has re fu sed to do so where the carg o apprai sed
at 1900 realis ed o n b eing s old o nly 12 95 ou t o f
whi ch 2 7 2 wa s to b e dedu cted for expenses ( Is)
A p pr i
I n an A dmiralty su i t i n the C o u nty C ou rt the
m e t in
C
ty
Reg i s t rar may u p o n the appli catio n o f either attorney
t it
C
and b e fore or aft er j u d g m e nt o rder any property
u nder arrest to b e appr ai sed ( l)
C RA P

se

en

a se

oun

ou r

su

Ag

A g reemen
to ren d e r
s al a g e s er
i es for a
ed s u m

v
vc
x

r eemen t a s

to

mou n t

per fectly c o mpetent fo r salvors i nstead o f


leaving the a m o u nt o f th eir remu neratio n to b e de
termin e d b y the Co u rt to ag ree wi th the master o f
the vessel i n di stress to rend e r the requ ired assi st
ance for a speci ed s u m ; a n d in s u ch a ca se they
will b e b ou nd b y thei r c o ntr act and can clai m no
I t is

S ee The Mary a nd
1 No es of Cas es, 30 4
345 ; The Rap i d , 18 W R 15 0
See The H op e, 14
( i ) The Commod or e, 1 S pink s , 17 5 , u
W R 46 7 , w here i n sa l ag e p o eedi ng s b efo e the Commi s
ep esen ed the val ue
s ion ers of t he Ci n u e Po r s , the owne s
of the a rg o sa e d t o b e 2000l , an d t he s al o s a i ly assen ed
ou su b se u en ly di s o e i ng ha the a g o had b een d e la ed
al ue of 8 900 l the Co ur ,
at t he Cu s o m Hous e t o b e of the
on t he mo i on of the sal ors , w ho w e e a ppeali ng , di ec ed
t he defendan s to p o e the al u e o f the es sel , as also the
al u e of the ca g o
uan i y , d es ri p ion , a n d
u al i y,
See also The
( k) The Ca rg o e'a: V en u s , L R 1 Ad 5 0
12 1w Mills , 3 L r N s 5 13
( l) Coun y Cou Rul es, No 5 4

(h) The Persi an


Ja n e, L R 2 A d

t
t

t q

rc

cvr

rv
c t

t
tt

t t

rt

r r r t
v r t ct
cr

t
c r

r t

A MO U NT

more

th an the stipul ated am ou n t ( m) To ren der Ch


s u ch an ag reem en t bindin g howeve r, it is n eces s ary
tha t it should be cle ar an d expli cit in its te rm s (a )
I t n eed n o t necessarily be in w riti n
b u t whilst
g
a vi vd vcce a r ee m en
if sufcien tly p rove d is bin d
g
i n g the C ou rt w ill e unwilli n g to act upo n it un less
it co n s ist o f m ore than loose co n ve rsatio ns ( p ) an d
depe n d upo n som ethin g m o re th an the recollection
o f wh a t occurred in the cou rse o f such co n ve rs a
tion
The ag r ee me n must als o st ate the su m ag reed to V l
c g
he p a1d ( r ); i n xm g the su m however the s alvors t
w
e
e
ar
n titled to look o nly a t the exten t o f d an er to
g
whi ch the prope rty is exposed the deg ree o f labour
they wi ll h ave to u n de rg o the le n g th of tim e they
m a y e occupied an d the risk to w hich they m ay e
expo s ed ; they h av e n o rig ht to speculate as to
the v alue o f the c a rg o an d e v en if it b e fal s ely re
p resented b y the m a ster as being o f m uch l ess val ue
th an it actu ally is the ag reem e n t wi ll neve rtheless
be u pheld
W ith re g ard to the condition of the vessel ho w B t
.

ar

1v

a u e of

no

d es
a e ct

ar 0

e em en t

'

'

( m) The True Bl ue

W Ro b 17 6
.

D r L us hi ng t on
I
an ag reemen t of this d es cri p
mas ter of a v es sel i n dis tress
.

o ub t wha te ver that


ti on c n be l eg a ll y ma d e b etw een a
d i ng a salvag e ass is t ce prov ide d there be a
a d pers ons a
clea u nders ta ndin g of the n tu e o f the ag reemen t that it is
m ad e wi th fa i rnes an d i mpartia l i ty t o all con cerne d a nd t hat
t he parti s to i t are c o mp ete nt to form a j u dg me t a s to the
obl ig ati ons to whi ch they are bi ndi g themselves
ob
2 94 ; The Willi am L us hi n g ton
( n ) The Graces 2 W R
7 Notes of Cas es 36 1
( o) The F ilm
/l S wa 2 40
( P) The S a la cia 2 Hag g 2 62 2 6 5
( g ) The J a ne A n ders on 3 I ris h J nr 2 93 ; 17w B ri ton 5
I b id 17 0
( r ) The Wil li a m L uaki ng ttm 7 Notes of Cases 3 61
(s ) T/ m ry l 5 J ur 18 3 18 4
i

en terta n no

or

an

n o co n

96

TH E

LA W

SA

OF

LV A G E

ever althoug h the m aste r before e n tering in to t he


l m t or ag ree ment is n o t obli g ed to poi n t out every ci rcu m
d
stance th at has occurre d duri ng the voyag e ( t) the re
d
should be no con ce alm en t as the s uppres smn o f an y
facts which m i g ht affe ct the se rvice an d the refore
h ave ope rated u pon the ag ree me n t at rs t m ay
vitiate it ( u )
Ag
m t
The ma ste r o f the vessel in distress is autho riz ed
b d g
t to b i n d the ow n er by a s alvag e ag ree me n t ( as) u n le s s
p a ti
i t o ly
i n deed the o w n er
e a t h an d at the ti m e an d g i v e
him no au tho rity ( y )
I f howeve r the ag ree m en t
be tai nted with fra u d the C o urt will refu se to re
cog nise it as ag ai ns t the ow ne r an d has in m o re
than on e i n stan c e set such an ag reeme n t a s ide I n
The G enerou s ( z ) w he re the ow n e r of the ve s s el i n
distress ap pe aled fro m a dec is ion of the j u s tic e s the
C ourt th e re di s reg arded an ag ree m e n t which the
maste r had e n te re d in to u n de r ci rcu mst an ces which
were fraug ht with s u s picion the m aste r hi ms elf d e
posi ng th a t the s alvors ha d pro mised hi m 10 to
si g n the ag ree men t I n T he Crus V ( a) the m as te r
o f a Portu g uese v e ssel which ha d g on e o n s hore a t
D ung e n ess n ot bei ng able to spe ak En g lish accepted
the se rv ices of the district ag e n t of the Po rtug u e se
1v

C RA P

c ea

en

'

ree

ls

in

en

in

on

es

( t) The J ong e A n d r i es S wa 2 2 6
( u ) The [( dng a lock, 1 S pi n ks , 2 6 3
J
17 0 ; The Ca n ova L R 1 A d 5

2 27

265 ; The B mton , 5 I ri sh

t
n
6
D
r
L
us
h
n
If,
i
,
g
th ug h u ninten ti nally, there wa s a c nceal ment of a fa t s o
material t hat i t ug ht to i n ali da te the ag ree ment, I s h uld n ot

enf rce i t
( x) The Africa , 1 S pin ks , 2 99 ; The A rthur , 6 L T N S 5 5 6 ;
( y) The E lis e, Swa 4 3 6 I n thi s as e Dr L ushi ng t n d u b ted
whether, under s u h i r u ms ta n es, t he ma s ter had a u th rity
to
mpr mise a sal ag e la i m
(2 ) 2 L R A d 5 7
( a ) Lus h 5 8 3
,

co

c c c
v c

97

A MO UNT

V ice C o n s u l ,

who e n tered in to an ag reemen t for the c


v
a ssist an ce o f a ste a m tu
g fo r 6 00 on the co n dition
th at 5 0 s ho u ld be retu rn ed 4 0 of which w a s re
tai n e d by the ag e n t s 10 g oi n g to the ma ste r o f
the tu g
Upo n a s uit bei ng i n s titu ted for s alv ag e
the C ou rt set a s ide the ag re em en t as corru pt an d
p ro n ou n ced fo r the ow n e r s te n d e r of 2 5 0 with
cost s
The C ou rt will also re fuse to recog nise an ag ree E c iv
w md
m e n t w he re the m ast er i m p rope rly or reckle s s ly
co n tra cts to p ay the s a lvors an exo rbit an t de m an d
I n The T heodor e ( c) the s al v ors in d u ced the m a ste r
o f a ves s el which h ad p ar ted fro m h er rs t an cho r
a n d w as d rivi n
g w ith an othe r an cho r dow n b u t w a s
otherwise in n o d an g er to e n te r i n to an ag ree m e n t
to p ay the m 2 0 0 for brin g ing the v es s el i n to po rt
whi ch they di d after a s ervi c e o f abou t fou r hours ;
the C ou rt held the s u m to b e a n exo rbitan t o ne
an d p ro n o u n ced a ai n st the a g ree m e n t an d fo r the
s u i ci en c
y of a te n de r o f 5 0 by the o w n e rs
m t
The C o u r t o f A d mi raltv w ill also re fu se i ts s an c A g
l
hi p
t
t i o n to ag re em en ts fo r the s al v ag e o f the s h i p i rre al o voi d
s ecti ve o f the c ar o o n bo ar d ; an d u po n s u ch an
g
p
a ree m e n t bei n g p roved i t will re fu se to p ro n o un c e
g
an
y s alv ag e wh ate v e r to e due ( d )
I f o n the other h an d the ag ree m e n t should e A g
m t
f i t
u nj u s t o r i n equ ita ble towa rds the s a l v o rs the C o u rt w
l
d

w ill r e fu se to recog n ise it


A n d whe re th e ow n e rs
an

x es s

re

'

ee

en

o s a ve s
ne

ree

un a r

ar

VO

The Rep ul se, 2 W Ro b 396 and the A meri an as es ,


H ou s ma n
S ho oner Nor th Ca r li n a , 15 Peters , 4 0 a n d The
S hip J a/mes, Ma r in , 2 3 2
( c) S w a 3 5 1
( d ) The Wes tmi/nster, 1 W Rob 2 2 9, 235
Dr Lu shi ng t n, p 6 1
( e) The Pha n t m, L R 1 A d 5 8
H w e er m u h i t has b een ag reed u p n b y b th p arties, the
err u li ng s u h a n ag reemen t, i f i t i s
C u rt is i n the hab it of

( b) S ee

v c

ov

o v

en

g a

98

THE

CH A P I V
.

OF

LAW

SA

LVA GE

vessel to which v al uable s e rvices had bee n ren


de red whilst she w as in a position o f con siderable
dan g er alleg ed th a t th e s al v o r s ha d ag reed to do the
wo rk for 8 8
the C o u rt re g arding thi s am ou n t
as fu tile g ave the s alvo rs 10 a n d co s t s ( f )
A lthou g h the m aste r of the s alvi n g ve s sel has
ow n e r by a s alvag e ag ree
au tho rity to bi n d hi s
yet as far a s the othe r s alvors are con cern ed
m en t
the a re em en t on ly bin ds su ch of the m as are p arti es
to it Thu s where an ag ree me n t was m a de by the
m as te r of a s alvin g ve s s el with the ow n e r of the
ve s sel s alve d as to the qu an t u m o f s alvag e to be
p aid it w as held to b e bi n di n g u po n the m aste r an d
his e mployers b u t n ot u po n the c rew it h avi ng ee n
m a de without thei r s an ction o r con c u rre n ce ( h) ; an d
an a ree m e n t with p art o f
o n the s am e p rin ciple
g
the c rew o f a s alving ship has bee n held to be n o t
bi ndi ng upo n the others n o t co n curri ng in it
A n d whe re an u n de rstan di n g w as co m e to betwee n
the o wn e rs o f a v essel s al v e d an d the o w n er o f a
c utte r e n g ag ed by th e m to ren de r the se rv ice an d
of a

W h ere all

vo

th e s al
rs
n o t p arti e s
to ag re e

m en t

j t

u tabl e
an d i n eq
See al s The Wi l li a m a n d J hn , 9
ur i s t , N S 2 8 4
A n d s e e The K i ng a lock, 1 S pi n ks , 2 6 3 2 6 5
Dr u shin g n
It i s n ot n e ess ar i n rder to it iate a n a g ree
m en t that ther e s hou ld b e m ra l fra u d i t i s n ot n e es sar , i n
rder t o m a k e i t n ot b indi n g , that one of the ar ties s h u l d k ee
p
p
b a k a ny fa t or i r u ms tan e of imp rtan e ; i f there s h uld b e
m i sap p re hens i n , a i denta ll or b y a r el ess nes s, we all kn w
t ha t t here ma y b e, w ha t i n the ey e o f t he l a w i s t ermed, equ it

a bl e fra u d
S ee The Tr u e B l u e, 2 W
(f ) The Phan t m u bi s up r a
Rob 17 6 The E n cha n tves s, 30 L
A d 15
The Br i ti s h
E mp i re, 6 uri s t, 60 8 The F iw y, S wa 2 40 ; The H el en a n d
Ge rg e, b id 3 68 ; The B es u lta tet, 17 ur s t, 3 5 3
(g ) The A fr i a , 1 S pi n ks , 2 99 300
( h) The B ri ta i n, 1 W Rob 4 0 S ee The S ara h J a n e, 2 W
Rob 110
( i ) The S a nsame, 3 r s h ur 2 5 8 T he Cha rl tte, 3 W Rob
687 4
un u s

c
o

to

c c
o
cc

o
c

'

J i

Ii

99

A M UNT

specied su m w as n am ed i n it it was held n o t am 1v


to b ar the p roceedi ng s o f the m aste r an d c rew o f the
c u tte r who a cted u n de r the pe rson al di rection o f the
own er of the c u tte r but we re n o t p arties to o r co g
n is an t o f the u n de rs t an di n
g ( lo)
I f a s alvag e ag ree m e n t be p roved the C ou rt will Th t th
b g
u phold it un le s s it be cle arly i n equit able ; an d it i s h d
do
t
t g
n o an s w e r to th e a ree m e n t to s ay th a t the b ar ai n
g
g
m t
is a h ard o n e upo n the s alvo rs ( l) ; or th at g re ate r
di f c ulties th an we re an ticip ated in con sequ en e o f
the ch an g e o f we athe r atte n ded its pe rforman ce (m) ;
or th a t the we a the r bec am e te m pe s tuous ;
or the
v es s el was long e r i n arrivi n g in po rt th an m ig ht
h a ve re a son ably bee n expected
No r o n the other
h an d can the ow n e r o f the ves s el re ce i v i ng a ssist
a n ce re fuse to
p ay the am oun t stip u l ated for o n the
g ro u n d th a t the s alvag e se rvi ces w e re a tten ded with
les s dif culty th an had been an ticip a ted un les s
in deed the s u m h appe n to be so g ro s s ly exorbit an t
to e viden ce of b ad faith or frau d
as to a m ou n t
which o f the m s elve s wou ld i n duce the C ou rt to set
a side the a ree m e n t
g
no

ar

ai n i s a

ar

on e

es n o

ec

en

The Wi lli a m L ushi ng t n , 7 N tes o f Cas es , 3 6 1


S ee
al s , The E lis e, S wa 4 3 6
( l ) The F i rey , S w a 2 4 0 See als The H el en a nd G e rg e,
I b id 3 6 8
( m) The Tr u e B lu e, 2 W Rob 17 6 18 0
It i s the ery na tu re of a n
I
r Lu shin g t n :
n
i
D
b
d
( )
mpen s ati n
a g reeme n t o f thi s k i n d t o x a s tated s u m a s a
fo r a s tated s er ic e, an d the pa rties w ho e nte r i nt the eng ag e
ment tak e the r isk o f a ny ha ng e of ir u msta n es whi h ma y

The
Se e als The J ng e A n d r i es , S wa 22 6
a ffec t the ser i e
Ca t , 3 5 L J N S A d 116 ; The A rthu r, 6 L T N S 5 5 6
The Res u l ta tet, I b id 35 3
The Nuo va L oames e, 17 J ur 2 6 3
The
( ) The H elen a nd G e rg e, S wa 3 68 Dr L us hi ng to n
i r u ms ta n es , the s u m of
n t en d that, un der the
wn er ma y
m ney was g r s s ly ex rb itant , and, d fo rti om, if he can sh w

( 7c)

vc

c c

co
o

co

c c

'

11

21

re e

10 0

OF

LAW

TH E

SA

LVA GE

burthen o f p roo f o f the ag reeme n t i s o n the


p arty setti n g it up ; b u t whe n on ce it is p roved
O
f
p oof f
te its
the
o
those
who
dispu
n us is sh ifted upon
m
t
g
v al idity p )
Ab
do
I f a s alva e ag reem en t h as been c ancelled by the
m t
d
c ll ti o mutual con se n t o f the p arties or ab an don ed by the
c
p arty setting it up o r if it be so founded i n fra u d
or misrep resen t a tion th at the Court would hold it
to be void it will affo rd n o an swer on the p art o f
own e rs to a suit for salvag e or on the p art o f s alvors
to a defen ce o f ten der ( g ) The p arty alleg in g the
c an cell ation of the ag ree m en t is boun d to p rove the
fact by a clear p repon deran ce o f testi m on y
Ag
m t
W here the s al v ors mak e sep arate cl aim s ag ai n st
w ith h i p
o w o l y the ship and c arg o an ag ree men t out of C o urt
b etween the m an d the ow n e rs o f the ship xin g the
am oun t of re mu n era tio n is not con clusive o n the
C ourt in awardin g the am ou n t due fro m the ow n e rs
o f the c ar o
g
P ym ent
W he re the own ers of the vessel s alved set u p an
i to C o t
a ree men t i n b ar o f a s alvag e cla i m they m u s t
g
p ay
in to C ourt the s u m stip ul ated fo r in the ag ree
m ent ( t)

1V

HA P

The

n us o

re e

en

an

en

an

an

n.

re e

en

ne r

ur

that the ag reement was ob tained b y fraud or compulsion o


Cou rt w ou l d hol d i t to b e b i ndin g
d G eo rg e S wa 368 37 0 ; The Resu lta tet
(p ) The H el en
17 J ur 3 5 3 The Nu ova Lown ese I b id 2 6 3 ; The A thur 6
L T N S 5 5 6 ; The Theod o re S wa 3 5 1 The G ra ces 2 W
n

an

Rob 294
( q) The S a mu el
( r) The Rep u ls e

15 J u r 4 0 7 ; The Afr i a , 1 S p nk s, 2 99
o b , 3 96 3 97 ; The B ets y ,
b id 16 7
, 2 W R
17 2 ; The S a mu el, 15 J u r 4 0 7 ; The A fr i a , 1 S p in ks , 299
The The d re, S wa 3 5 1
The Crus V , 1 u s h 5 83
S ee
ases on s al ag e ag reemen ts
al s the f ll w n g A m eri an
The
,
Emu l us, 1 S u mn 2 0 7 ; The A D Pa t hi n, 1 Bla tch 4 14
B ear se Three hu nd r ed a nd j or ty p ig e of C pp er, 1 S to r , 3 14
( a) The E mma , 8 uris t,
lii
( t) The Ca ther ine, 6 N es of Cases , Supp xl
.

o o i

ot

c
o o
v
c
o

iii

10 1

C HA PTER V

O RTIO NMENT

A PP

W IT H

O F S A LV A G E

espect to the apportio n m e n t of s alvag e C H V


the Me rch an t S hippi n g A c t o f 18 5 4 p rovi de s th at By R c iv
where the ag g reg ate am ou n t o f s alvag e p ay able in f W c k
r e s pect o f s a lv a e se rvi ces r en de red i n the Uni ted
g
K in g dom has bee n n ally as c ert a i n e d eithe r by
a ree m e n t o r a w a rd o f the j ustices
b u t a di s p u te
g
a rises as
to the appo rtio nm en t of it amo n g the
cla im an ts then if the am ou n t does n o t exceed 2 0 0
the p arty liable to p ay m ay apply to the R eceive r o f
W reck o f the di st ri ct for li be rty to pay the a mou n t
to hi m a n d th at the Receive r s ce rtic ate sh all be a
fu ll dis ch arg e an d i n de mn ity to the pe r son p ayin g ;
an d the Re ceive r is the n to p roceed to dist rib u te the
s am e am o n g the seve ral pe rson s e ntitled the reto
u po n such evide n ce an d i n s u ch sh ares an d p ropo r
tio n s as he thi n ks t with powe r to retain an y
m o n eys th a t m ay appe ar to hi m to be p ay able to
a b s e n t p arties ; b u t an y dist rib u tio n m a de i n
an
y
p u rsu an ce o f thi s p rovi sion is to be nal an d con
elu sive ag ain s t the rig hts of all pe rso n s clai m i ng to
be e n titled to any portion o f the m on eys so dis
t rib u ted ( a )
r

AP

e e

( a)

17 a 18 V ct

c.

10 4,

s e.

46 6, 46 7

re

er

102

T HE

C RA P

A pp

o ti o
r

m ent b y
C u rt hav
i h A d mi

ra

ty

j u ri s

c on

d i ti

OF

LA W

SA

LVA G E

subsequen t section it i s p rovided th at when


ever the ag g reg atc a m ou n t o f s alvag e p ayable i n
respect o f s alvag e s ervice s ren dered i n the United
King do m has been nally a sce rt ai n ed an d exceeds
2 0 0 ; an d when e ve r th e ag g reg ate am ou nt o f s al
vag e p ayable in re spect o f salvag e services rendered
elsewhere has been n al ly a sce rtain ed whatever such
amount m ay be ; then if any del ay or dispute arises
as to the appo r tion m en t the reo f any C ou rt h avi ng
A dmiralty j u risdiction may c au se the s am e to be ap
portion ed a m ong st the person s en titled thereto in
such mann er a s it thin ks j u st an d m ay for th at
p urpose if it thi n k s t appoin t any pe rson to c arry
such appo rtion m en t i n to effect an d m ay compel any
pe rson in who s e h an d s or un der who s e con trol such
amoun t may be to dist rib u te the s am e or to bri n
g
the s ame i n to C ourt to be the re dealt with as the
C ourt may direct an d m ay fo r the pu rposes afore
s aid issue s u ch m o nitio n s or other p rocesses as it

thin ks t
By a

'

( b) 17

o
oi
yi

18
i ct
10 4, s 4 98
S ee al s The E n hantres s,
Lus h 93, where Dr Lu s hi ng t n , afte r qu t ng the a b e sec

t n, b s er es :
o n ei e a d u y is here b
mp s ed on me to
d ecree u p n appl a ti n ma de, w hat i n my u dg men i s a n squi
a ble a pp rt nmen t of s al ag e, u n less I am b arred b
y one of
two ci r u ms tan es , ei ther an equ i ab l e ag reemen b etween the

rt es , or an e u tab le te n d er
a
p
q
By the bill no w b ef re Pa rl a men for the a mendmen of the
Mer han Sh p pi n g A cts, i t is pr p sed, in l eu of the pr s n s
ab
e set o u t, to ena t, tha t i n
ases w here t he R
e e er of
Wre k ad u di a tes u p n a sal ag e la m , he i s
a pp rt n
and in ther a ses the a pp rt nm en t i s to b e ma d e b
y the C urt
wh ch de rees the sal ag e re mu nera ti n
Where the a m u n of
s al ag e i s as er a i n ed b y a d mi s s n or ag reement b ut a di S ute
,
p
ar s es as
its di strib u ti n, then , when the s u m i s und er 3 0
,
the app r i nmen i s to b e de reed b y the Rece er of Wre k
,
an d i n cases ab
e 3 0 , b y a C ur t ha n
ur s
g A dm ral
.

io

c
ov
c

i
v

o
o io

c
c

to
o to

d ictio n

Ic c v
ic o
v
i

t
ov

c
o

c t

ov

o o
c
v c i
o io
o
io

to

vi

iv

t
ovi io
c iv
o i o it
o
o t

c
i ty j i

PP O RTI O NME NT

10 3

o e e c io f h M erch n S hipping
A me dm e
A
18 6 2 w hi ch e m p o w er h j
i ce
e n e r i n cl im i re pe c f lv g e er i ce
re nde red o ide h limi f h U i ed Ki g d m
d e l rg e h ei r j r i di c i o
c e where h
l
f h p rop er y
ved d e
e cee d 1000
here i
e rm g ive i mil r
p ro i i n whic h i
e e i o h p ower f ppor io m en c o ferre d
k
o ld eem h
d i
p o n h Re c e iver f \V
hi
ho r i y i
e ive wi h h f h
j i c e b i c n e d wi hi h limi
i
t
f 18 5 4
W i h re p e c
h A
h j ri di c io
f h Co
y C o r over ch cl im ho eve r i
will b o b e r ve d h h w or d f h 4 98 h e c i
very l rg e d e mb r ce
y C r h vi g
A d mi r l y j i di c i o
f
f
lv g
Th
pp l i c i o
pp o r io m e
ce
fre h i
h o l d b m d whil e h c i r c m
i ed w i h
h mi n d f h C o r
A p er o di
ender f pp or io me m h owev r eek h
h
s i
c e f th C o r w i hi
re on b le im e f er
lv g e h b ee de c r ee d
d wh e
h
h
ppli
f l if
h q e i o n f im e
c
i i
h mb l e cl
h
h C o r will b i di p o e d
i
h v
I de d i i
h rig h
f
p re e d ag ai s hi m
l vor h ve h
lv g e pp or io ed b y h C r
nle h i h
b
e q i b le g re me n b
w ee h p r ie or
e q i ble e der
c o mm o l w f
N c i o lie
pp r i o m e
d where
lv g e h d b ee p id
h
f alv ag e
er f ve s e l h t h d re dered s lv g e e rvice
m
I n th

nt

to

ta

xt n s

ut

at

t e

a s s ta n
sa

an t

one

at

ss

to

sa

ss

nt

ay

n a

ut out

s,

on

an

at

s are

2 8 6, 2 8 7
93
.

ou

t,

to t

a e

to

or a

( c) The Sp i rit of the A g e S wa


( d ) The En chantreas, 1 Lush

t e a

ta

st

s s at s
,

e D el a y

t s t e

ta

sa

v an

t a

ou t

nt

sa

at

ou

s s

an

e,

e sa

as

se

s tan

as s o

ts

; an

as t

an

at

s,

s o

as

n a

or

e
,

su

s a s

t to t

ur s

at

an

xte n s

t w u

an

unt

co

a re

o s n ot

r ec

not

ct o

u st

as

to

sa

sa

s,

t e

v s o

au t

u st

ts

to t

no

va u e o

n a

ct,

u ts

an

ns

nt

No

ac ti o n at

l a w for p ro
e p rti n o f
s al a g

s,

o o
v e

104
Ca n

LA W

THE

an

on e o f

e e

the

o on L

aw

to his

i t w as

tainable

( e)

for

VA G E

e d h m ter i C o rt f
m o n e y re c ei ve d
hi prop r i o n
m in
c io
h ld h
h

s am n s u

C mm

u s e,

SA L

OF

as

t e a t

at

n a

as

w as

no t

P r op or ti on s A wa r ded

or o e
v e e e re
e o
o
e er e
o
o o
o
ll o W here h lv r
l d m e b e l g i ng
h
m e cl
f life
d i c
h
me mo
f ri k
d l bo r h
l v g i g e e r lly pp or i o e d e q lly
b e wee
h em ( f )
d i or din ry c e
e me
d pp r e i c e c o mp o i g h c r w f h
l vi g
ve el p r icip e i p r opo i o heir w e
If h ow ever
lvor whe he l d me n
y f h
or e me h ve i c re d g re er ri k o r re dere d
h o her
l rg er h r e ll
g r e e r erv c e h
b gi e
I
h S i
N i h l ( h) h ere ve e l
i di tre
ke i w b o c re w from h
lvi g ve e l h vi g
e
gr
p eril b ee

The app ti n m n t o f the s a l ag r s ts n ti ly i n


th e di s c r ti n o f the C u r t, an d n o p r ci s
ul
can
b e lai d d wn as to th e p r o p r ti n s whi c h the C u r t will
t

t e sa

sa

as s o

an

ro

p o r i on 0
th o s e i n cu 1
ri n g e x tra

e sa

an

at

n,

sa

t e

ss

a r

to

an

o as

Wi

ss

at s

e at

at

ag

s,

s a

t e sa

s,

ua

as s ,

to t

sa

unt o

at

an

sa

to t

on

rt

t e

was ta

ss

an

n ur

v n.

t e

s n

at

s a

an

n ur

an

nt

ss

r er
g q

an

La

o s are

C 17 0
( e) A tki nson v Wood ha ll 1 H
( f ) A rt 97 Board of Trade I n s tructi on s 18 6 5
Lu s h 2 08
( g ) The Pri d e of Ca n a d a Br
L ou i sa 2 W Ro b 2 2 ; The M a rtha 3 Ha g g 4 34

s nt

on

S ee al s o The
The A lbi on ,
,
,
bid 2 5 4 3 The E ar l Grey. I bi d 3 6 3 ; The Col u mbi a , I bid 42 8
The H op e, bi d 4 2 3 The J a n e, 5 I ri s h J ur 3 1 S ee als o The
Ca roli n e, 7 J u r 6 6 0, w here a b oy w as held en ti tled to sh a re
equall wi th the s eamen i n the s alvag e awarded, the Court pre
sa m in g ( hi s a g e n ot bein g s tated) that he pe rformed the s ame
a mou n t of dut
as an o ther s eaman ; an d The G eor e D ea n
g
,
S w a 2 90, w here s alva g e bei ng a pp ortio ned accordi ng t o the
w ag es of the cre w, t he Court di rected the wag es of the a ppren
t ices to be taken at tw o thi rds o f thos e of a ble s eamen
S ee
al so The Two F ri en d s , 2 W R
ob
3 49 The Oblu mbin e, I bi d
18 6
( h) Lush 2 9 S ee al so The S ir Ra lp h A bermombi e, L R 1
P
The Ni co lin a , 2 W Rob 17 5
.

'

'

PP O RT I O NME NT

10 5

o rd h m formi g h c re w were warde d


d o b l e h re
I
Th G l d
( i ) w he r e h
m e f h
al v i g ve e l
b o rd h
p
ve e l i di re d f er g re t dif c l y b r g h
h
i o po r h
w rde d 30 0 t f lv g
mo n i g
18 0 0
f wh i c h 0 0 0
p id
h o w er 2 00
h c p i
d 3 0 0
b di
rib e d m o g h c r e w cc r di g
h ir r i g
Th m
er f h lvi g hip pon whom
h
re
wh o le r e p o ibili y f empl oyi g h
hi p i
h
e rvice g e e r lly re c eiv l rg er p
f h
lv g e h n y f h c re w
p or i
There b e in g
hi
l
e d r l ref re c e
h
c l e f di rib i i om e f h m or
m de r c e i whi c h l rg e p r p r i o h
b ee
w rd e d
er m y b fo d ef l I
h m
f
Th M
i
L h
o al lv g e f
( I)
15 00 f whi ch 6 0 0
w rd e d
h ow e r
h m
er
d c r ee d 4 00 h r e m i i g 5 0 0
b di ide d m g h c r e w I Th H i m l y ( m )
h prop or i o
f 2 0 0 0 w r de d w e r e 100 0
h o w e r 5 0 0
h m
e r d 5 00 h
b

en

C RA P

'

at

s.

nt

er

on

as

to t

to

t e

t e

(i )

Wa tson ,

as

us

sa

s,

a n n

to t e

to t

ro

t t

un

ou t o

ns o

s,

at n

to

u e,

no

an

on

to t
,

as t

wa s

es a

a so

u t er

w as

sa

to

w as

as t

u t on

ou

n , an

st

a rt n

sa

to t

sa

ta

ns

as

to

t e

ou

t e

on

to t e

ut

as t

r zn a

w as

w as

s,

s ts

s s , an

o en

ss

to

ut

t,

st

er

ss

a a

to

as t

to t

an

R 1 A d 33 4
S ee also The E n d ea vo ur , Co lby v
6 No tes o f Cas es , 5 6
S ee als o the follo wi ng A merican
.

cas es w here the practice o f allowing a la rg er proportio fo


extra ri k a d exertio s has bee followed The H e ry E wba rzlc
400
1 S umn er
Th e L a B elle Cr eole 1 Peters 3 1 ; and The
Ca t I bi d 4 8
(k) Th M a r ti L u ther S wa 28 7 S ee al s o The En cha tress
The E a rl G ey 3 Ha g g 36 3
Lus h 93
( l) Ubl sup r a
See a lso The H owa r d 3 Hag g 2 5 6
( m) S wa 5 15
w here a si mil ar di s tri bu ti on wa s ma de
n

o,

Where the mate

rded two eig htb s

a wa

who

co mmanded

the

ctual

l ors

sa v

wa s

Ma s ter s

roporti

on

10 6

TH E

C RA P

c re w
of

LAW

I n The Tr u e B lu e

15 0 0, 10 00

of

S AL

OF

( n)

whi ch

VA G E

out o

to the

t ta

ve
lv g e h vi

wa s g i

l v ag e
ow n ers

sa

lvin g ve s s el the sa a
a n
g b ee n i n
r eality chiey p e rfo r me d b y her 2 0 0 w as g ive n
to the m as te r an d 3 00 a m o n g th e c re w
I n The
Rag a s tha n ( o) o f 5 00 awar de d o n e hal f wa s g ive n
t o the m a s ter an d s o l e o wn e r a n d the o th er h al f to
I n The P a r is ( p ) 8 0 0 w a s d ivide d
the c re w
2 0 0 to th e o wn er 12 0 to the m as ter an d th e
re st amo ng the crew
Up o n the s am e p rinc ipl e wh e r e a p il o t a s s i s te d
b y b o atm e n r e n dere d s alv a g e s e r vi c e s to a s hi p i n
dis tr e s s th e C ou r t awar de d hi m tw ic e as m u ch a s
The m ate al s o
each of th e b oatm en re ceive d
has b ee n fre qu e n tly aw ar de d a la r g e p ro p o r ti on
whe r e his du tie s h ave b e e n re n de r e d m o r e o nero u s
i n c o n s e q u e n c e o f the s a lvag e s e r vi c e ( r ) ; an d wh e r e
he c hie y c on trib u tes to the s u cc e s s o f the s erv i c e
the s ha r e a llo tte d to him m ay b e as l a rg e or eve n
larg er than tha t o f the mas ter
I n the A m eri c an C ou r ts the g e n e r al r u l e as to the
di s trib u tion o f sal vag e i s s tate d to b e th at u n der
of

the

sa

Mato s p ro

r o

p o ti

A p p orti n
m nt b e
tw n m as

e
ee

(n) L R 1 P C 25
( o) S wa 17 1
( p ) 1 S pi n ks 28 9
The D e a nce I b id 2 5
.

S ee also The A lbion , 3 Ha g g 2 5 4 a nd


6 , n , w here ou t o f 10 0 0 a wa rded , the
,
o wners having g ot 35 0, the ma ster was allotted 2 3 0, the
ma te 12 0, an d the res t a mong the cre w
( q) The Ni chol a as Wi tz en , 3 Hag g 36 9
( r) The S i r Ra lp h A ber m ombl e, L R 1 P C 45 4 46 2 ;
The A l bi on , u bi s up r a ; The Ca roli n e, 2 W Ro b 12 4
( s ) The Ni coli n a , 2 W Rob 17 5 ; The G ol en dr l n a , L R 1
S ee al o, for ex amples o f a p por tio nmen t bet ween sa l
A d 33 4
vors , The Pr id e of Ca n a d a , B
L 2 0 8 ; The 8 Nichola s ,
L u s h 2 9 ; The Tees, I b id 5 05 ; The Per la , S wa 2 3 0 ; The
The H i ma la ya , I bid 5 15
S p i r i t of the A g e, I bid 28 6
The
i , 1 W Rob 45
B ri ta n
,

'

'

A PPO RTIO ME NT

1O7

o rdinary ci rcu ms tanc e s th e m as te r gets about double C


v
the s h are o f the m a te and the m a te double the t
d
s hare o f an o r d in a ry s ea man t
( ) Thes e p ropo rti on s
ts
c
r
h
va y oweve r according to the c ircum s tance s o f the
ca s e ( u)
I t w ill be s een in anoth e r c hapte r th at th e com Dimi ti
f sh
p en s ati o n clai m ed for a s alvage s ervi ce m ay be dl th g h
m i ni s h ed or entirely forfe ited b y th e m i s co n duct o f
th e s al v o rs ; a n d th e re s ee m s to be n o reas on w h
y
the s am e r ule s h o uld not apply to the ca s e o f an
i nd ivi du a l s al v o r wh o has been guilty o f au v act c all
i n g fo r s uch a pun i s hm ent
Thi s cou rs e ha s bee n
followed i n th e A m e rican C ou rt s i n tw o cas e s
In
the C o u rt con s ide ri ng t ha t the
T he W a ter loo
m as te r o f th e s alv i ng v e s s el h a d s el s hly ove rlooked
the t rue i nte re s t s o f his owne rs had u nj u s ti ab ly
engaged i n the s alvage ente rp ris e a n d put his ve s s el
an d c argo to an exce s s ive and i m p ro v i dent ri s k r e
d u ced hi s s hare to th at of a comm on s e a m an ; an d
i n T he B la i qea u ( y) the sh are o f the m as te r was held
to be entirely forfe ited on the ground o f e mbez z le
m ent and th e s hare o f the ma te re duced to that o f
a comm on s eam an
G ene ral m is conduct w ill not ho weve r affect the
The
ri gh t o f a s eam an to hi s p rop ort i on o f s alvage
m i s conduct charged again s t him m u s t have b een i n
connection wi th the s alvage s ervi ce i ts el f
p

er an

ou r

'

nu

are

rou

( t) 1 Conkli ng

A d Prac 3 6 6 ; Mar in , 2 48 ; The H enry


4 0 0 ; The L a B elle Creol e, 1 Peter , 3 1
.

E wba n k, 1 S um n
The Ca to, I b id 48
(u ) The B l a i rea u , 2 Cran h, 2 40 ; The 0 0 m , 2 Was h 8 0
The Na tha n i e l H oop er, 3 S um n 5 4 1, 5 7 7
How , 114
( at) 1 Bla t h
( y ) 2 Cran h, 2 4 0
Pa tten, 3
( z ) The Cen tmvb n , Ware, 490 S ee al so Bla ke
.

on

10 8
.

ss
b
s lvi

on

el

oard

crew o f anothe r ve s s el be on board the


s a l v ing ve s s el as pa s s engers at th e t im e o f the s al
vage an d ass ist i n the s ervice they will b e entitled
to be rem une ra te d ; and although in one in s tance
the C ourt a ll o tted to p as s eng e r s eamen a m uch
s m alle r s u m th an i t di d to th e r egular c rew o f th e
s alvin g ve s s el a
( ) i n a m ore recent cas e i t directed
tha t four fo re ign s eam en and their cap tain w ho we re
on b o ard the s alvi ng ve s s el as pas s engers and as si s ted
i n the s alv age s hould s h are equally wi t h the a ble
b o died s e am en the ir captai n rece iving a double
s h are
The C ourt o f A d mi ralty h as from t im e i mm e
m o ria l h eld all the pe rs on s com p ri s ing the c rew o f
the s alvi ng ve s s el i f r e a dy and w ill ing to j o i n i n
the ente rp ri s e enti tled to s hare i n the s alva ge
a warded even a lth ough a part o f th e c rew only was
engaged in the s e rvice I n the d is t ributio n o f the
a m ount h oweve r
i t has repeatedly m a de a di s tin o
ti on in favour of tho s e who have actually i ncurred
the d if culty an d pe ril o f the e n te rp ri s e
A nd
if part o f the c rew o f a ve ss el b e placed on boa rd a
,

v es

'

SA L V A G

'

en g e r
ng

OF

I f th e

V
s

C RA P
Pa

LA W

THE

Part o f rew
n o t a tu a ll y
en g ag ed i n
th e al a g e

s v

S hep 17 3

When

in

cti

for

s har e of s al

vag e

b rou g ht
b y one of t he rew ag a in s t h is o wner, i t w as hel d that the o wn er
ou ld n ot s et u p as a d e fen e that the
p lai n tiff ha d e mb ez z l ed a
p orti on of the g o od sa ed
( a ) The S a la i a , 2 Hag g 2 6 2 2 7 1
The Per l a , S wa 2 3 0 2 3 2
S ee al so The H op e, 3 Ha g g
4 2 3, w here passeng ers w ho ass isted i n the sa l ag e w ere
a w ard ed the s a me p ropor ti on s as ab l e b od i ed s ea me n
A n d s ee
The S a l a ci a , 2 Hag g 2 6 2 , a nd the A m eri an ases , The B r ig
Cor a , 2 Wash 8 0 ; an d The B l a i rea u, 2 Cra n h, 2 4 0, w here
the s am e ru le was follo wed
( 0 ) u dg men t of Dr Lu shing ton , The S a ra h J a ne, 2 W Rob
110 115
S ee also The M oun ta i n eer, i b i d 7 ; The Cha r lotte
Wyli e, 5 Notes of Cases , 4 The J a n e, 2 Hag g 338
A n d see
the A meri an ase, The Cen tur i on, Ware, 4 90
.

an a

s v

on

A PP

109

O RTIONME N T

s hi

p in dis tre s s w ho s e c rew ha s been reduced by C HA P v


death o r s ickne s s tho s e who re m ai n on board the
s al v ing s hi p are enti tled to a s hare o f any s alvage
remune rati on awarded
I n the cas e o f th e c rew of a l igh t shi p rende ring c w f
h g ht sh p
s al vag e s e rvi ce s
h o weve r a diffe rent rule would
s eem to p revail ; and wh e re a p ar t o f the c rew o f one
o f the s e s hip s pe rfor med a s a lva ge s e rvi ce i t was
h eld that the re w ard w as conned to th o s e who we re
actually engaged i n the u ndertak ing ( e)
Th e righ t of th e porti on of the c rew re maining on
board the s alvi ng ve s s el to partic ipate in the sal
v age i s howeve r conned to th o s e who are wi lling
to assis t ; and if any o f th e m r efus e their help t hey
will be excluded from any s hare (f
S alvage payable to ofcer s an d s eam en o f the Roval A pp ti
t
Navy or C oas t G uard are generally appo rtioned by gg grig t
im es
the author i ti e s acco rd i ng to the r ule s lai d down for t
dis tribution i n the s e rvi ce s
.

re

or

on

f S a l virzg V ess el
I n apporti on ing s alva g e rewar d between the s hi p A pp rti
o wners and the s eam en the C our t whe re the s alving
W
W
d
ve ss el i s a s team e r take s into con s i derati on the fact c w
that the chi e f ris k i n th e unde rtaki ng and all the
expen s e fall s upon the owne rs ; an d it h as s i nce the La g p
i nt roducti on o f s team powe r awa rded to thi s clas s o f 5 2
m m
P rop or ti on

on

an

re

S ee als o The J a n et Mi tchell, I bid


The Roe, S wa 8 4
The B al ti more, 2 Dods
111 The Ni coli n a , 2 W Rob 17 5
13 2
The S a ns ame, 3 I ri s h J ur 2 5 8
( e) The E mma , 3 W Bo b 15 1 S ee also The Thatt e, 3
Hag g 14 b ut see The Cha rlotte Wy li e, 5 Note s of Cas es, 4
( f ) The B a lti mor e 2 Dod s 13 2
(9) See the I n stru cti ons o f the Boa rd of Trad e 18 6 5 , art 94
2 7 & 28 V i c t c 2 4 ; 17 V i ct c 19 ; 2 6 la 2 7 V i ct c 116, s
The The tes, 3 Ha g g 14
11 The M wry A m , 1 Hag g 15 8
.

'

er

ro

110

g i

H P V

to

en

ea

o w n er

st m
s ls

LA W

TH E

of

ves

SA L V A G E

OF

owners a m uch higher p roporti on th an owners for


m e rly recei ved ( h) ; an d i t wi ll als o t ake into con si dera
tion the obvi ou s fa ct th at in a gre a t majo ri ty o f s uch
cas e s the s e rvice i s rende red by th e s team ve s s el
he rs elf and doe s not a ris e from an y ext raordi nary
an d
exe rtion s on the part o f the m a s te r and c rew
upon ground s of publi c poli cy as the owners o f
s team e rs
e s pecially when carrying p as s engers and
m ail s mi ght unle s s libe rally rewarded dis cou rage
the m as te rs o f th eir ve s s el s fro m eng aging i n any
A nd
s alvage w h e re hu m an l ife i s not in pe ri l ( h )
,

(h) The E n cha n tr ess

Lu sh 93

Swa 2 8 7
.

S ee al so The M a rti n L u ther,

( i ) The B eu l a h 2 Notes

S ee al so The
P erl a S wa 2 3 0 232 ; The M a ry A n n e, 11 L T N S 8 5 ;
I rish Jur N S 3 6 4, where it is l aid
an d The V a ng u ar d , 5
do wn , that if the s al i ng ess el b e a pa ssen g er s hi p, that ci r
cum s tan ce wi ll also b e t ak en i n to ons i d era ti on i n the apport i on
ment of the s al a g e b etw een the o w ner and re w
( h) J u dg ment o f Dr Lu hing ton, The M a r tin L u ther , S wa
2 8 7 2 90
S ee al o the A m e ri an ases , The Cha rl es , 1 New b
The H en r y Ewba n lc, 1 S u mu 4 00
The Na tha n i el
A d 329
H o op er, I b i d 5 4 1, w here a l most i milar r ea s o ns are g i en for
fa o u ri ng the lai ms of o wners to a lib eral prop orti on of the
s al a g e
I n The H enry Ewba n lc, Mr J usti e Story ( p 42 5 )
o bs er es
The l aw does n ot stop short w i th a mere all ow an e to
u a te in d emnity for t he r is k so tak en
the own er of an ad eq
It
has a more en l arg ed p ol i y and a hig her ai m i t l ook s to the 00 m
m on s a fety an d i nteres t of the w hol e commercia l world in ases of
t hi natu re, an d i t b es tow s u pon the o wn er a li b eral b ou nty and
re w ar d , t o ti mu late h i m to a j u s t z eal i n the ommon
a u se,
an d n ot to l og hi s voyag es w ith n arr ow i n stru ti ons w hi h shou ld
If a b a re com
i nterdi t hi s m as ter from any s al ag e s er i e
pensati on for lo s and ris k were a ord ed, w hat moti e ou l d a n y
oyag e to b e retard ed, hi s j us t expe ta
o wn er ha e to s u ffer his
i t to b e frus tra te d, hi s w hol e ommer ial arrang e
ti ons of pro f
men ts to b e s u s pen ded u pon ri sk s whi h he ou ld nei ther foresee
ommo n pr ud en e ?
The l aw ha s a
n o r g u ard ag ain t b y any
wi s e reg ard to ons id era ti ons of this n at u re, an d i t offers, n ot a
p remi u m of in demn i ty onl y, b u t an a mple re wa rd meas ur ed b y
To this i t may
an enl ig hten ed li b erality an d fore as t
b e added, that it fu rnis hes a s tro ng i n d u ement to oi cers an d
s eame n, n ot to des ert their own prope r d uty to their owner an d
,

of

Ca ses , 6 1 6 3
-

v
v

'

s
c

v
cc

vc
c
c
c

v c

O RTIO NME NT

A PP

111

whe re the ste am e r sust ain s any d amag e whilst ren C


v
derm g the s erw ce the own e r 15 en ti tle d be fo re the
m
Ow
a m o un t aw ar ded i s a ppo rti o n ed betwee n h i m s e l f an d ti tl d t d
d ct
p i
d m
t he c rew to ded u ct the expe n se o f the rep ai rs an d a
f
re a so n a ble s u m fo r the lo s s o f the s hip s se rvices
w hilst s h e i s rep ai ri n
g ( l)
The ow n e rs o f shi n g vessels al s o g e n e ra lly re Fi h i g
1
ceive a l ar e r sh a re o f s al v a e th an th e own ers o f
g
g
othe r v essel s the C o u rt taki ng i n to con s ideration the
i n terruption to thei r occ u p atio n occ as io n e d by the
salvag e se rvice an d the fact th at the wag es p aid to
th e ir m arin e rs are g reate r th an tho s e o f the c rews o f
othe r v e s sels ( m) an d if the salvi n g vessel w as a ctu
ally e n a ed i n s hi n
g g
g at the tim e whe n s he r en d e red
the as si s tan ce the C o u rt will i n apportion in g the
s al vag e t ake in to co n side ration the i n te rru ption of
the e m ploym en t ( n )
The C ou rt will n o t ho we v e r lose sig ht o f its an N mo
cien t p ri n ciple o f adequ ately an d li b erally rew ardin g Eg ti g
n

the pe rs on al s ern ces o f the m en en g ag ed an d as a t i g?


w
o
g e n e ral rule the o wn er s will n o t be pe rmitted to
take m ore th an a m oiety of the n et su m received after
deducti ng expe n ses
an

n ers e

re

a rs

ur

'

88 5

ve s

'

re

en e

ra

o S

n ers

o y

h is i n eres ts for s el fi s h p u rp s es , b y ma k ng the m s hare n l i n

w
i
a
n
d
i
n
n
n
i
n
i
t
h
h
r
e t
se in te est s
s u b r di na t n to,
, t
( l ) The Sp i r i t of the A g e, S wa 2 8 6
u s hi ng
n,
The L u i sa , 2 W Rob
( m) u dg men of Dr
22 , 2 6
( n ) The L u is a , 6 N tes of Cases , S u pp 5 31 S ee al s , The
2 5 4, w here s even s i xtee nt hs w as a wa r ded to
A lbi n , 3 Ha g g
essel ; a n d see The D everon , 10 M nthl
t he w ner of a s hin g
L aw Mag ( N es of Cas es ) 2 19
( 0 ) u dg m en of Dr Lu s hing n The E n ha n tr es s , Lu s h
Bu t
The Pr i n cess H el en a
u sh
190
93 96
S ee al s
w here ou t of a n aw ard
s ee The S u i/1w Ni h l a s ( 1 Lu s h
w ners o f the tug
of 2 8 0 0, 15 00 w as a p p rt i n ed t o the
S ee as
the pr p rti ns a warded wners,
e ffe t n g the s al a g e

co

c o
.

to

o
o

'

ot
t

ci

to

o
c o
.

o o
to

o o o

1 12
ca n

vo

p re i

LAW

TH E

us

or S A

LVA G E

The fa ct

th at a con siderable su m has been awarded


to the own ers o f the s alving vessel in a suit bro ug ht
by the m does not affect the am ou n t to which the
maste r an d c rew who h a ve institu ted a sep ara te sui t
are e n titled
The te n de ncy of the A m erica n C ou rts seem s to be
to look upon the cl aim s of the own e r of the s alvi n g
vessel with even a hig he r deg ree of fa vou r th an they
h ave m et with in the E ng lish C our t o f A d mi ralty
I t i s st ated tha t in ordi nary c ases whe re there
h ave been n o peculi ar se rvices ren de red n o u n co m
mon s ac rices m ade an d n o extra o rdi n ary perils
e n cou n tered by the s alvi n g ship while e ng ag ed in the
alva e s ervice whe r e n o voya e i s b roken up n o r
g
g
se rious d amag e su s tai ned by the own e r the m ore
usual p re portion allowe d him by the C ourts of the
Un ited S tates is on e thi rd ( g ) I n som e c ases how
eve r the owners have bee n awar de d o n e h al f
two
thir ds ( s ) an d even three fourths ( t) I n one case
,

r an d

g ae
A m ic n
pzig g
r

er

M m e"

The H i ma l a y a , S wa 5 15
T he Sp iri t of the A g e, Ib id 2 8 6
3 6 3 ; The Co lu mbia I b id 4 28
The E a r l Grey, 3 Ha n
The
g
A lbio n , I bid 2 5 4 ; The Wa ter loo, 2 Do ds 43 3 ; The Morn in g
S tar ( A meri can), 14 L
N S 42 0 ; The Vi n e, 2 Hag g l ;
The Cha r l o tte, 1 W Rob 6 8
The J a n e, 2 Hag g 3 38
The
S a la ci a , I b id 2 62 ; The Nicol i u a, 2 W Rob 17 5 ; The B eu l ah,
1 W Ro b 47 7 ; i n this ca se, where the ow ners of the sal vi ng
ves sel, 9 steam tug , to ok 4 15 out of an aw ard of 5 00, the
Co u rt did n ot disturb the dis trib u ti on The H op e, 3 Hag g 4 2 3
(p ) The A l ethei a , 13 W R 2 7 9 In thi s case the o wn ers o f
the sal vi ng ves sel were a w arded 7 00, an d the mas ter a nd crew
( in the su it whi ch was a s u bs equ ent one ) 8 00
( q) Marvi n, 24 6 Se e The H enry E wba nlc, 1 Su mn 4 0 0 ;
The B os ton , I bid 330 ; The B al i/ream, 2 Cran ch, 2 40 ; The
Cora , 2 W ash 8 0 ; The A methyst, De vei s, 2 0 2 8 The E a r
mon y , 1 Peters, 7 0 ; The D e lp hos, 1 New b 412
( r ) The Ris ing S un , W are 38 5
How 114
S ee als o The
( s ) The Waterloo, 1 B latch
0 W Ring , 2 A m L Rev 2 5 9
( t) L a B elle Greate, 1 Pete rs , 3 1
.

O RTIONME NT

A PP

113

however where the peril en coun tered was consider CR P V


able
the amou n t awarded s mall an d the s al v ors
nu merous ; the C o u r t divided the s al va e i n to thi r
g
tee n equ al p arts g iv in g e ach s alvor i n cludi ng the
owners one ( u )
Th e A m e ri c an C our t s also follo w the p ractice o f the
E n g lish A dmiralty i n g ivin g the own er s o f ste am ers
which ren der s al v ag e s ervi ce a larg er p r oportion th an
is g en e rally awarded to other v es s el s (at)
lai m f
S hipown ers have in s o m e i n st an ces cla imed to be C
ow s t
en titled to the p roportion o f s al vag e al lotted to their hlavag f
p
ti c
app re n tices but althou g h on o n e occ asion D r L ush p
rej ct d
i ng ton is reported to h av e ob s e rved th at the n ature
o f the app ren tice s co nn ectio n with the vessel is to be
t aken into reason able con s ideration an d th at to a
certain exte n t the ow n e r shou ld be ben eted from
th at source yet he exp re s sed hi ms elf a s cle arly of
opi n io n th at the own e r is n ot en titled to receive the
whole ben et of the app re n tice s exe rti on s in a s al
vag e service ( y ) ; an d in a s u bsequen t c as e he pro
n o u nced ag ai n st the Cl ai m o f the own ers i n mo re
absolute te rm s holdi n g the a llotm en t o f s alv ag e to
be a person al reward for l abour an d s kill and th at
whether the s al v or s were app ren tices or n o t no on e
had a ri g ht to inte rfe re wi th the p roperty which
belong ed to the m
A

n er

sa
s

re s o

re n

es

The S tewar t, Crab b e, 2 18


The Wm P enn , ci ted i n Marv in, p 2 47
The C o lu mbi n e, 2 W Rob 18 6 18 8
a nd see the
The Two F rien ds , 2 W Rob 3 49 3 5 3
A meri ca n case, The B la i reau , 2 Cra n ch, 2 4 0, w here i t i s la id
d o wn that the shares of a p pren ti ces are not t o b e p aid t o thei r
mas ters b ut to themselves ; and see The B erl in , 4 I ri sh J u rist,
11 a , where it was held tha t, if a n ow ner a ppeal s fro m a
sal vag e award, and there is no appeal b y th e sal vor s , the C o urt,

( u)
( x)
( y)
(2)

114
Cu s

p V
.

S h ares
s l a es

of

OF

LA W

TH E

SA

LVA G E

The A me ric an C ou rts

h ave held th a t slaves e arni ng


s alvag e are e n title d to have it dec reed to th em for
thei r own use ( a) I n on e c as e however ( b) the
whole s u m w as p aid to the ma s ter on his ag reei ng to
man u m it the sl ave an d p ay hi m on e fth o f the s u m
allowed
it
l n the A m eric an c as e of the ship C ha r les
was held th a t whe re so m e o f th e s alvo rs decli n e or
re fuse to cl ai m s alva e th ei r s h are s wi ll n o t reve rt
g
to the ben et o f their cc s alvo rs b u t to th at o f the
own e rs of the p roperty
,

S h ar e s of
s al
rs re
fu s i n g to
p arti i p ate
i n th e t e
w ard

vo
c
.

for App or ti on men t


S alvors m ay an d freque n tl y do ag ree betwee n
them sel v e s as to the divi sion o f the s u m awarded to
the m I f however the ag ree m e n t s ho u ld b e in equ it
able a s re ard s an
g
y o f the p artie s the C ourt of A d
mi ral ty w ill refuse to be bo u n d by it an d wil l dec ree
an equ it abl e apportion m e n t o f the s alv a e d )
In
g (
the c as e o f T he L ou is a ( e ) a su m o f 12 0 0 had
been awa rded for s al vag e to the own ers m asters an d
c rews o f three s macks an d this su m the own e rs ap
portion ed in acco rd an ce with an ag ree m en t si g n ed by
the men at the tim e o f hirin g Thi s s c ale o f apportion
m e n t which g av e the ow n e rs abo u t two thirds of the
s alvag e the C ou rt refused to a dopt an d in the app or
Ag

A g re e m en t

m u st b e
eq
u itab l e

reemen ts

thou g h it m y ed uce the a wa rd wi ll not i terfere w ith the


p rop orti ons
( a ) S m l l v The G oods Pet A d m 2 8 4 28 7
( b) The B la ir ea u 2 C an ch 2 4 0
( c) 1 Naw b A d m 3 2 9
J udg ment of Dr Lu shing ton The E n cha ntress Lu sh 93
95 ; The L ou i sa 2 W Rob 2 2 ; The B eu la h 2 No tes of
al

( e) 2 W Rob 2 2
.

Cases, 6 1

ORTIO NME N T

A PP

115

tionm en t whi ch i t m ade,

gave the owne rs only s even


s i xteenth s an d th e m a s te rs and c re ws nea rly double
what the y would h ave tak e n unde r the agree m ent I n
the cou rs e o f his j udg m ent D r L u s hin gto n i s thu s
repo rted :
A m I i n the j udgm ent I a m about
to p ronounce bound and concluded by the article s
w hi ch are s o s tated to have been ente red i nto by the
own e rs and c re w s o f t he s e ve s s el s I t would I con
ceiv e be r epug n ant to gene ra l p ri nciple s and highly
p rej ud ic ial to publ ic i ntere s t s i f s uch a p ropo si ti on
could be legally m aintained in c as e s o f this des crip
ti on W h at would b e the e ffect o f i t ? The e ffect
would be to t ake away fro m actual s alvors the m o
t ir e s to all enterp ri s e an d ene rgy Until the refo re
I am c o m pelled by s upe ri or autho ri ty I neve r w ill
con s i de r arti cle s of t hi s nature m ade p revi o us to the
s alva ge
s e rvi ce
b inding and conclus ive upon m y
I n The E n cha n i res s ( g ) the C ou rt
h eld a n agree ment fo r appo rti on m ent w hic h s tip u
lated that the am ou nt of the s alvo rs re w ard s hould be
le ft to the dete rm i nati on o f the agent of the s alving
s hip to he i nequ i table an d vo i d
I n T he S i lver B u l
l i on ( la) w he re a pe rs on i ncurred ri s k and rende red
,

S ee al o 7 7w B eu la h, 2 Notes of Cases, 6 1, w here the


Co u rt d e re ed a n equ i ta b le a pp orti onm ent, d isreg ardin g a
on ten ded w as b as e d u pon a n arrang e
s a l e w hi h the o wn er
m en t b et w ee n t he m an d the rew
S ee a l o, The M a ry A n n e,
11 L T N S 8 5 ; w here the I ris h Court of A dmira l ty i n
d is tr ib u ti n g s a l a g e, d isreg a rd ed an a g reem en t b y w hi h the
master, i n o ns ide ra tion of a p er entag e on the ea rn in g s of the
o n s id eration of thei r w ag es, had b ou nd
e s el , a n d the men i n
S ee, ho we er, the 18 th
themsel es t o foreg o al l s al ag e lai m s
6 3, p os t, w hi h m odi es t he effe t
s e ti on of 2 5 8t 2 6 V i t
o f the pre i ou s
ases whe re the
es sel i s t o b e emp loy ed i n sal
ag e s er i ce
( 9) Lu s h 93
( h) 2 spin ks , 7 o

f)

c
c

vs
c

s c

c c
.

ca n

116

THE L A W

valu able s e rvice in the s alvage of life and p roperty


and was pai d a su m o f eleven shillings and s igned a
recei pt in full of all dem ands the C ourt h eld thi s s u m
to be utte rly inade quate to the s ervices perform ed an d
aw arde d him 5 0 ( 0 ; an d i n th e cas e of The Plum
tom ( lo) where the owne rs o f the ve ss el s aved s et up a n
alleged agreem ent b y which the s alvor was to accept
8 s 6 d in full for his s e rv ice s the C ourt h eld s uch a
s u m to be utte rly futi le and awarded him 10 and co s t s

C u m v
.

S A LV A G E

or

A ba ndon ment
men t

iwhg
'

S a lvag

e.

Me rch ant Shi pp i n g

By the 18 2 n d s ec of the
A ct, 18 5 4 , i t is p rovi ded that
.

every s tipul a ti on by
whi ch any s eam an con s ents to abandon any ri gh t whi ch
he may have or obtai n in the nature o f s alvage sh all
be wholly voi d
but b y a sub s equent A ct ( m) it i s
declared that thi s p rovis ion doe s not apply to the
cas e of any s tipul ati on m ade by the s eamen belon ging
to any s hip which according to the te rm s o f the
agreement i s ftd he em ployed on s alvage s ervi ce wi th
re s pect to the r em une ra ti on to be pai d to the m fo r
s alvage s e rvi ce s to be rendered by s uch s hi p to any

other shi p or ship s


The C ourt O f A d mi ralty doe s not con s t rue the
f
,

Dis creti on o
C o u rt u n ai

( t ) The S i lver B u lli on ,

u bi

ti ons issued b y the Boa

S ee

the I n s tru o
recei ers of w re k , 18 65 ,

s u pr a .

f Tra de to

rd o

al so

A rt 97 ( b)
( k) L R 1 A d 5 8
( l) The A ct of Parlia ment says that e ery stipula ti on b y
whi h any s eaman onsents to a b andon any rig ht whi h he ma y
ha e or obtain in the n ature of sal ag e, s hall b e w holl y i nop era
ti e ; and the Cou rt has held, and must holdp that n ot on ly all
a l ag e are w hol l
ag reements barri ng
y i nop erati e, b u t that all
ag reements l i mi ti n g the proporti ons of s al ag e mon ey are to b e
maintai ned only 0 fa r a s they a re really equ ita b le Per Dr
The E n cha ntr ess, Lush 93
Lu shi ng ton
6 3, s 18
26 Vi t
( m) 2 5
.

v
v

s v

c c
.

A PP

117

O RTIO NM EN T

above s ecti on s as i n any way fettering its d is cretion CR v


upon the s ubject of the s e agree m ent s I t has been f t d b y
lai d down that the j oi nt e ffect of the tw o clau s e s is
s imply to render s uch a g ree m ent s not i llega l and to
place th em on the s ame footing as they s tood b e fore
any leg is la tion on the s ubject ( n )
m t
I t ha s been h eld that s uch an agree m ent as that A g
b d g
p ro vi ded fo r i n the fo reg om g s ecti on I S not only p s
bin d ing on tho s e w ho a re p arti e s to i t but upon a
pe rs on te m pora ri ly in the e mploy ment of the ship
o w ners w h o h as noti ce of the arrange m ent ; an d i n
The G a ng es ( o ) w h e re a s ui t fo r di s tributi on o f s al
vage w a s b rought a gai n s t a tug com p any by a per
s on wh o w a s te mp o rary m a s te r o t the s alvi ng tug i n
th e place o f B w ho m he knew to be e m ployed unde r
an agr ee ment fo r xed wa e s and a
g
per centage on
the s alvag e earned the C ou rt h eld th at the pl ai ntiff
was b o un d by th e agreem ent and d i s mi s s ed hi s s ui t
m t
The ag ree m ent need not be in w rit ing but i t re s t s A g
l
l
upon th o s e who d is pute the s eam a n s claim to s al iifig i ixig i
vage to s how that there w a s an agree m ent that the
ve s s el w as to be e m pl oyed on s a lvage s e rvi ce and a
s ti pul a ti on th a t the s eam en s hould wai ve t he ir righ t
to the s alvag e m oney
By w ay o f fu rthe r p r otecti on to m arine rs i t i s al s o S l f l
d
vg
p rovi ded by the Me rchant Shi pp i ng A ct ( g ) t hat no
as signm ent or s ale of s alvage m a de p rior to the
AP

ec e

re e

in

en

in

on

er on e n

re e

en

a e o

a e vor

dg m en t of S ir R Phill imore, The G a ng es, L R 2


The Pen s a ol a , B
L 3 06
S ee a lso The P ri d e of
A d 37 0
L 2 08
Ca n a d a , B
( o) L R 2 A d 3 7 0
( p ) Ju dg men t of Dr L us hi ng t on The P i d e of Ca n a d a , Br
S ee als o The M a ry A nn e, 11 L T N S
L us h 2 08 2 10
85
( q) 17 8t 18 V i t c 104 , s 233

(n )

'

sa

118

THE L A W

or SA LV A G E

acc ruin g the reof shall b ind the party mak ing the
s am e and that no power o f attorney o r other au tho
ri ty for the recei pt o f any s uch s alvage shall be
ir revocable
L c l
I t i s al mo s t unnece ss ary to ob s e rve that the C ou rt
t m dis
of A dmiralty will not recogn is e any local cu s to m
$335 0 3 :
v g oi d whi ch di s entitle s a s eaman to a s h are o f s alvage whi ch
he h as as s is ted in earni ng W here s a lvage had been
pai d for s ervi ce s rendered by a shing s m ack of Hull
the crew o f w hi ch con s i s ted o f a m as te r and two
able s eam en who we re pai d by share s of the earnings
and a boy who was p ai d weekly wage s an d on a s ui t
being b rough t by th e boy for dis tri bution of the
s a lvage i t w as al leged th at a cu s tom e x i s ted at Hull
wh ereby th o s e engaged i n the shing trade who
receive wage s are excluded from rew ard for s alvage
s e rvi ce s the C ou rt refu s ed to recogn i s e s uch a cu s
tom as a bar to the s ui t
I f h owever the loc al or cus to ma ry agre ement be
an equi table one a s if for in s tance it p rovi de s that
o f th e c rew o f a life b o at co mpan y th o s e who s tay
the Court wi ll
shall be rewarded a s th o s e w ho go
favou rably con si de r i t ( s)
N set Off of
I f the mas ter sh ould retai n a greater proporti on o f
s lv g e m
cl i m f
s alva ge re ward recei ved by him than the owne rs con
w g es
s i der him enti tled to they cannot s et i t off agai n s t
his clai m for wage s but mu s t in s ti tute a s ui t for
appo rti on ment and b ring i nto Cour t the su m they
received
C

HA P

o a

cu s

cn

a e v

'

a
a

or

'

r
h
d
h
n
P
i
t
a
r
s Dig est, p 8 30
o
T
h
e
J
,
( )
(3 ) J u dg ment of Dr Lu shing ton , The E n hantres s, Lu sh

93 97

(t) The Prin cess H elen a , Lush 190


.

O RTIONME NT

A PP

119

alvage m o ney has b een p ai d i nto CH P v


C ou rt for the pu rpo s e of d is tributi on the Co u rt w ill N d d
d
not decree p ay m ent out o f the fund o f advance s E
f gg
m ade to the s a lvors by the ir agent and h a s re fu s ed
to do s o even where the pe rs on s recei ving the ad v ance s
were m in ors again s t whom the lende r o f the m oney
had no re m edy at law ( a )
I n cas e any o f the s al v ors s ho uld lo s e their l ive s Sh s i d
l
i n rend erin g the s ervi ce or s h ould die be fo re the
a ppo rt io nm e nt t ake s pl ace th e C ourt w ill d irect the i r
s ha re s to b e p ai d to t h e i r rep re s enta ti ve s
A lt hough co s alvors alm o s t i n v ari a bly j oi n i n the P y m t t
s lv
s
t d
o m t but s eve ral d
s am e s ui t the i r i nte re s t s a re not
J
ch g th
f th
and con s equently except pe rhap s under ve ry excep l
gtg g
tio n al c ircum s tance s p ay ment o f the s alvage m oney
to one doe s not di s charge the cl aim s o f the r e s t
unle s s thev concurred in o r ratied the t ran s action
I n the ca s e o f The S a ra h J a n e
the owner s o f
t ha t v e s s el pai d to the captain o f T he S a u cy L as s
for s alvage s e rvi ce s rende red by the latte r v e s s el a n d
her c re w 8 00 ; the captai n giving a rece ipt fo r
him s elf m ate c rew and all othe rs i nte re s ted i n T he

The c re w afte rw a rd s on be ing di s


S a u cy L a s s
s ati s ed wi th the s hare offered t he m b y the i r m as te r
i n s ti tuted a s u i t again s t T he S a r a h J an e fo r s a lvage
a n d the owne rs ple a ded the s ettle m ent and pay m ent
to the m as te r but thi s plea the C ourt decided to be
A nd

whe re

uc

'

ar e

sa

on e

en

or

The L ou i s a , 2 W Rob 22
S ee als o The L ou is a , 3 W
Ro b 99 The A m eri an A d miral ty Cou rts , as a g en eral r u le ,

i
n
r
s hare o f s al ag e to b e hi s o wn p rop erty ;
m
re
e
a
o
de

l
D un op s Pra ti e , 2 u d edi t , p 98
( z ) The M a rqu is of H u n th , 3 Hag g 2 46 2 49 ; The Hop e,
I bi d 4 23 425
2 W Ro b 110

(u )
.

s
c c

ar

oe

no
e

is

12 0

THE

C RA P

LAW

OF

SA L A G

no authority
to re cei ve the share s o f hi s c rew an d the plaintiffs
recove red
and in the cas e o f T he B r i ta in ( a )
the C ou rt unde r nearly s imilar ci rcums tance s su s
tain ed a s uit for s alvage by the c rew although the
amount had been p ai d to the m a s te r and at th e s a m e
tim e i t w as held that the C ou rt had no power to
dec ree a m oni ti on again s t the pe rs on who had received
the m o ney to bring it i nto C ourt
A s far as the
claim o f the owne rs is concerned however i t would
a ppe ar upon p ri nci ple th a t the m a s te r be i ng th e ir
agent has autho ri ty to b i nd th e m by hi s rece i pt

in suf ci ent, holding that the m as te r had


,

co

f his j u dg men t in thi s ase, Dr Lus hin g ton


I f I w ere to hold tha t mas ters a nd o wn ers
ob ser es ( p 113)
p os s ess ed a g eneral p ow er to act for t he re t of the rew, it i s
ob iou from past experi en e o f the man n er i n w hi h m ari n ers
ha e b een s om eti mes dealt w i th, tha t they wou l d often b e de
On
prived of that re wa rd to w hi h t hey are j u tly entitl ed
the other han d, I feel tha t an i nj u ry mig ht b e i n i ted upon the
owners if i t w a s l ai d d o w n a s a ru l e of u ni ers al a ppli a ti on that
i n n o ase what e er, nei ther the mas ter n or the o w n ers can a ct
on b ehalf of the r e t o f the C re w
I t i s u n ne essary ,
I thi nk to re ert to the prin i ples w hi h I exa mi ned i n the a e
a e , for the p u rp ose o f s ho wi n
of The B r i ta i n , an d i n other
g
that in all ordinary ases of sal ag e , n ei ther the o w n ers n or the
mas ter ha e a p ower of b in di ng the rew wi thou t their pre i ous

( 2)

I n the

u rse o

v s
v

cons ent

css
v

cs

W Rob 4 0
.

6 ) S ee p er Dr L u s hing ton, The B ri ta i n,

u bi sup ra ,

43

12 1

CHA PTE R V I

C O NTRI BUTION

TH E

ordinary u s age o f the C ourt o f A dmiralty in C HA P vi


apportioning the li abili ty fo r s alvage between the p ti
s hip and ca rgo
i s to t ake th e w hole v alue o f the
s hi p and cargo and a s s e s s th e am ount o f remunera
t ion upon the whole each payi ng i ts due propor
ti on ( a) The ve s s el i s not however li able for the
s alvage due fro m the cargo n o r th e cargo fo r that
due from the ve s s el eac h mu s t bear i ts o wn por
ti on
E ven although the owne rs o f the cargo take
no part i n re si s ting the s alva ge s ui t but leave the
owne rs of the ship to de fend i t they m us t bear
th e i r p roporti on of expen s e s of a defence which m ay
have s ecured a r educti on in the a mount o f the s al
vage clai m
A n excepti on to the ru le that the cargo and s hi p u
guy]?
contribute to s alvage in equal p roportion s i s s ai d to
exi s t where the cargo s aved con s is ts o f s ilver or bul
lion Upon this s ubject D r L u shington is thus
,

or

on

or

on

( ) Per Dr Lushing ton, The E mma, 2 W Rob 315 3 19


See al s o, The M ary Plea sa n ts S wa 22 4 ; The Ma r i a J a n e, 14
a

The M er ha n t Tra d ers S hip , L oa n,


,
I n su ra n ce A ssoci a ti on, 13 Q B 16 7
( b) The Pyr en ee, B 8: L 18 9
( c) The Pea ce, S wa 115

Ju ris t

85 7

B mg g
'

a nd

122
Cum

THE L A W

VI

o r S A LV A GE

reported
W ith re s pect to s ilver and bullion i t i s
true that a dis tincti on is wis ely and properly per
mitted and this upon the con s ide ration that i t i s
m ore e as ily re s cued and p re s e rved th an m ore bulky

arti cle s o f m erchandi s e


F or m erly a d iffe re n t
rule s ee m s to h ave p revailed
I n The V es ta ( e) S ir
Robi n s on in speaking of a di s tincti on s ought to
be made as to the nature and value o f the p roperty
s aved i s thu s repo rted
I t i s s ai d that it m i gh t be
m ade wi th re fe rence to the d ifference of danger to
whi ch th e prope rty w as expo s e d but that would be
a d iffi cult c ri te rion to be applied in m o s t cas e s The
buoyancy of arti cle s m ay vary in different place s in
the s ea or in the ri ve r and on th e hi gh s ea s the
con s equence m ay not be ve ry d ifferent to the owner
whethe r th e arti cle s ink or oat aw a y
I t migh t be
adopted on a co mput ation of the d iffe rence of la b our
employed in the con s tant atte mpts to oat the s hi p
whi ch were i neffe ctual fo r s o long a t ime and the
comparati ve facili ty o f oating the deals ; but I do
not think that would be a s afe c rite rion in gene ral
cas e s S uppo s e fo r i n s tance a cas ket of j ewel s o n
board and whi ch m ight be s aved wi th great facili ty
i t could not i n s uch a cas e be contended th at the
lvor would only be entitled to a s m all gratui ty fo r
sa
carrying it on s ho re To up hold s uch a m otive
would lead to p re ference s i n s av ing one part of the
cargo befo re another The m ore u s ual rule has been
to make a valuati on o f s hi p and cargo and I thi nk
that wo uld b e the m o re conve ni ent p ractice
,

( d) The E mma 2 W Rob 315 , 3 19


( e) 2 Hag g 18 9 193
ob
(f ) See also The J ong e B as ti a a n, 5 0 R
.

322

CO

NTRI BUTIO N

12 3

The

owner s of the c argo mu s t al s o hear their pro am vi


portion of s al vage awarded fo r s a ving the live s of w s l v g
pass enge rs on board the ve s s el an d i t would appear
that their li ability in this re s pect i s not affected by
the fact that th e e ffo rt s o f the s alvo rs di d not cont ri
bute to the s afety o f the cargo ( g )
If the owne r o f the s hi p s hould pay the w hole L i f
t b
a mount claim ed fo r s al v age i n order to obtain the
releas e of the s hip an d ca rgo he w ill h av e a l ien upon
the cargo for the am ount whi ch i t i s bound to con
t ribute toward s the s alvage
p,

a e

en

con n

25
e
l
e
4
L
J
A
d
h
u
3
T
e
F
s
i
,
(g )

;
f
e
t
s
Th
e
l
r
c
h
a
n
T
a
d
er s S hip , L oa n,
( h) B ri g g v
a n ce A ssoc i a ti on , 13 Q B 16 7
r

a nd

A ssu r

or

124

CHAPTER V I I

MIS CO NDUCI OB NEG LI GENCE 0 F SA LV ORS EFFECT


O F ON THE I R REMUNERA TIO N
'

for M is con duct


CRA P VII
A s the am ou nt to be awarded fo r s al vag e s ervi ce s
Mi c d ct re s t s enti rely i n the di s cretion o f the C ourt i t i s
obvi ou s th at the conduct of the s alvors m ay h ave
a very m ate rial effect upon their rem une rati on The
C ourt require s tha t t h o s e who s eek i ts aid s hould
com e before it w i th clean h ands ; and where s alvors
are p roved to have m i s conducted th e m s elve s th ei r
rem unera ti on may be re duced and even altogether
forfei ted h o weve r valuable the ir s e rvi ce s ori ginally
I t requi re s a ve ry s t rong ca s e
may have been ( a )
howeve r to i nduce the C ou rt to hold s alvage once
F orfei tu r e

s on

It is

an es tab lis he d ru l e of

this Cou rt, an d one I shal l


alu ab l e a ser i ce ma
ne er d epart from, tha t ho we er
y b e,
sal ors m ay forfei t their j us t re ward i f they a re g u i l ty of mi s

on d u t
Per Dr Lu hing ton, The L a d y Wors l ey, 2 Spi nks,
Sal ag e i s forfei ted b y wi lful mi s ond u t, b a d
2 5 3, 25 6
fai th, an i n tenti on not to d o the whole of the du ty , or an i nten

ti on to protract that du ty for the p u rpos e of pira y


Per Dr
Lus hi n g ton , The Mag d a l en , 3 1 L
A d 2 2 24
See als o
the A meri an as e of the s hooner B os to n, 1 S u mn 328 3 41,
u sti e S tory i s th u s re ported
w here Mr
The party who as k s
I n a s es of s al a g e
ai d must ome i nto Cou rt w i th lean han ds
the party founds hi msel f u p on a meritori ou s ser i e, an d u pon
the i mpli ed understanding that he bri ng s b efore the Court, for
its n al award, all the p rop erty sa ed, wi th entire g ood fai th,

(a)

v
v

c
J
c

c
c

c
vc

MI S CO ND U CT A

NE G L I G E NCE

it is

12 5

earned to be entirely forfeited The law upon


t hi s poi nt i s thu s lai d down by Sir John C oleridge
i n T he A tl a s
W h ere
s ucce s s i s nally oh
tai n ed no mere mis take or e rro r o f j udgment i n the
manner of p rocuring it no mi s conduct s ho rt of that
which i s wilful and m ay be con s idered cri minal
and that p roved beyond a reas onable doubt by the
owner s re s i s ting the claim wil l work an entire for
feitu re of s alvag e
Mi s ta ke or mi s conduct othe r
than crimi nal whi ch dim in is he s the val ue o f the
p rope rty s alved o r occas i on s expens e to the owne rs
a re prope rly con s i de red in th e am ount o f com en
p
s ati on to be awarded
W ilfu l or c ri min al mi s con
duct may wo rk an entire forfei ture o f i t but that

m u s t be p roved by tho s e wh o dis pute it


I n m any of the c as e s wh e re s alvo rs h ave been
charged wi th m i s conduct or negligence compen s a
ti on has been re fus ed to the m rathe r becau s e the ir
efforts we re frui tle s s i n con s equence of their conduct
than fro m the mis conduct i t s elf
The re are h oweve r s eve ral i n s tance s w here the
C ou rt re fu s ed co mpen s ati on alt hough the s alvage
had been s uc ce s s fully accom pli shed
I n T he
M artha ( d ) the crew o f a Ram s gate lugge r went to
th e as si s tance o f a ve s s el aground upon the G oodwi n
S and s and si gn alli ng for help and havi ng anchored
their lugger m ade p reparation s to get the barque s
bower an chor i nto her wi th a vi ew to lay i t out and
.

C a m v11

as ks a comp ensati on

for i t u ni nj ured and u n emb ezz led b y

him
S ee als o, The B ell a Carr a nca, 6 Wheat 15 2
( b) 1 Lus h 5 18 , 5 2 8
( c) The D u ke of M an ches ter, 4 Notes of Cas es, 5 7 5 , on appeal,
6 Moore, P C C 91 ; The A tla s, 1 L u sh 5 18
( d ) S wa 4 8 9
a nd

he

n s ta n ce s

12 6

TH E LA W

C HA R V II

SA LV A G E

OF

barque o ff but afterward s re si s ted the


c rew of the b arq
ue i n availing them s elve s of the
attem pted to cut the haw s er
ai d o f a s te am e r
created a r iot an d confu si on on deck and detai ned
the ve ss el on the s and by w ron g fully letting go
her anch or
th e C ou rt whil s t i t con s i dered the i r
conduct i n go ing o ff to the ve s s el i n the rs t
i n s tance m e ri tori ou s h eld that by the ir s u b s e
quent mi s conduct th ey had forfei ted all clai m to
s alvage f
(
I n T he L a dy W or s ley ( g ) th at ve s s el havi ng gone
aground on the we s tern coa s t of A fri ca w as being
plundered b v nat ive s wh en she was taken po s s e ssi on
o f by a s alvor and re m oved i nto deep water but the
i n s tead o f s u rrende ring the ve s s el to the
s alvor
agent of the ow ners at the s pot kept po ss e s si on of
her unt il the arrival from E nglan d of another agent
o f the owner s and i n th e mean time refu s e d to per
mit the cargo to be barte re d but had it s old m uch
below its value h e hi ms el f beco ming a pu rchas er o f
al arge quanti ty ; th e C ourt on the s e ci rcu ms tan ce s
held th at by his conduct he had forfe ited all claim
to s alvage
f
There are m a ny c a s e s where the m is conduct of
the s alvors not bei ng o f s o s e ri ou s a nature as to
induce the C ou rt to adopt the extre m e m eas ure of
vi siting upo n them an entire fo rfei ture of s alvag e i t
has puni shed th e m by a wardi ng a su m m uch le ss than
under di fferent circums tance s they would have been
entitled to Thus w he re certain s alvor s went to the

haul the

s
s lv g

I n tan ce s
a

a e.

( f ) The Mar tha , S wa

8 41

(g ) 2

Spi nks, 25 3

48 9

S ee als o The B arefoot, 14 Ju ri s t,

M I S C OND UCT A ND NE G LI G E NCE

6
.

ssi s tance o f a vessel that had g on e a sho re dis CH


charg ed p art o f her c arg o a n d a ssisted at the pumps
u ntil the arri val of a ste am e r which had bee n em
ployed by the own ers of the ve s sel whe n th y oh
st ructe d the u nlo a di ng of the ves s el i n to b arg es sent
by the own er and resi s ted the c arryin g off a h awse r
fro m the vessel to the ste am e r the C ou rt althoug h
holdi n g th i misco n duct n o t to b e s uch as to de
p rive th m o f all reward red the a mo u nt to be
p a id th m at a s u m mu ch les s th an th y would
th wi s h ave received ( h )
I n The G lory w he re a s et o f salvo rs p reve nt ed a
ste am tu g from com i ng close e n ou g h to the distressed
vesse l to t ake her i n to w the C o u rt con de mned thei r
co n du ct an d awarded 10 0 o n ly i ns tead of 300
which i t othe rwise wou ld h ave g ive n
I n The G l asg o w P a cket ( k ) a vesse l we n t asho re
n e ar G ravesend an d s an k a n d a n u mbe r o f bo a t m e n
commen ced g etti ng up v ario u s ar ticles from her
decks with bo at hooks a n d havi n g p rocured two
an cho rs an d hi red b arg es a n d lig hte rs ende avoured
to raise the vessel till u po n the arriv al o f the
ow n ers they were told that their a ssist an ce was
whe n they still co n tin ued to hover
n o t requi red ;
an d
r o u n d the vessel an d obt ru d e their services
s m of th m persisted in com i ng up to L ondon i n
the vessel after she had bee n rai s ed the C ourt held
their con duct to be exceeding ly rep rehensible and
re fu sed to aw ard th m anythin g in respect of the

e
e
o er e

er

o e

( It) The D an tz zc Pa cket, 3 B ag 3 83 S ee also The B la ck


B oy , I b id 3 8 6 ( n ) The S a n Ni co la, 6 Iris h J u ris t 91
( i) 14 Juris t, 6 7 6 A nd see The Prim: F red erick, 2 Dode 45 1
( k) 2 W Rob 3 06
'

AR

V II

12 8

T HE

LAW

O F SA

LVA G E

se rvi ces they had obtruded on the own e rs after he r


arrival l )
(
i
A lthou g h howeve r the C ourt will a s shown in
S li g h t
d
c f
the p recedi ng c as e re fu se any reward to s alvors
d m
d
cc t c
who obtru de upon the m aste r o f a ves s el as s1s tan ce
f g i ta
mi t
which he re fu s es to a ccept yet whe re se rvices are
i t will n o t
re n dered to a ve s s el i n a ctu al di s tress
requ i re fro m the s alvo r s ve ry strict p roo f of a de
man d o r a ccept an ce o f their help especi ally whe re
the ci rc um s t an ces of the c ase are s uch that the
m as te r would n o t be justied in re fusing to av ail
him sel f o f the assist an ce offe red him I n g ivin g
j udg m en t in T he A n nap oli s ( m) L ord Kin g sdown i s
I t appe ars to their
thus reported on the su bject :
L ordships that it wou l d be d an g er o us to hold th at
i f s alv ag e se rvice be actu ally re n de red to a s hip she
c annot b e c alled u pon to p ay an ything un le s s it can
be show n th at s he eithe r requested or exp ressly
a ccepted as s istan ce
I n man y c a se s the u rg en cy of
the c a se may b e too g re a t to a d m it o f p re vious di s
cu s s i o n ; an d if a s alvo r we re requi red to p rove s u ch
a ree m e n t befo re h e could recove r it is to be fe ared
g
that the re wou ld be m u ch s l ackn ess i n c a s e s which
They ag ree with
m ost requ i re e n e rg y an d activity
what they u n derstan d to be the opi n ion of the
le arn ed j u dg e b elow that it is s u i cien t if the cir
cu m s tan ces of the ca se a re such that i f an offe r o f
service h ad been m ade any p ru den t man wo u ld h ave

accepted it
W h r th e s alvo rs althou g h they succeeded i n
I mp m p y
13
21:n completin g the s alvag e im properly refu sed further
i t c
( 2) See als o The D osseitei 10 J u ris t 8 6 5
C HA R V I I

ev

en e o
an

an e

as

su

or

n ce

o en

'

ee

as s s an

( m) Lu sh 35
.

5 37 5
-

M I S C O ND UCT o n NE G LI G E NC E

12 9

sist an ce wh ich had bee n o ffe red the m at a ti me a


v11
w h e n the succes s o f thei r e ffo rts w as do u btful the
C o u r t to m ark its s en se o f th ei r m i s co n d u ct di mi
n is h e d th e a m o u n t o f the re mu n e ratio n m
( )
The C o u rt look s with di s fav o u r u po n e xo rbitan t E xo b i t t
d m
d
de man d s by s al v o rs ; b u t althou g h the re is so m e
au tho rity fo r s ayi n
g that it w ill r ed u c e the re m u n e
ra tio n whe re an e x o rbit an t s u m has b e e n cl ai m ed n
( )
th r does n o t app e ar to b e any i ns t a nce o f its h av i n g
a ct u al ly do n e s o
The m i s co n du ct m ust howe v e r h a v e bee n con Th mi c
d ct m t
n ec ted W i th the s al v a e s ervi c e ; a n d whe re the de b
g
t d wi h
fe n d a nts i n a s u i t fo r s al vag e apphe d to be allowed th
vi c
as

ee

an

an

us

n ec e

e s er

The D oss eitez, 10 u r is t, 8 65


S ee a ls The E lea n om
15 6 , w here
rd S t w e ll
e ns u red sa l
rs
C ha r l otte , 1 a g
fo r tak i n g a es sel n t an n n en ie nt p rt, a nd u n ne es sar l
re ma in in g i n p ssess i n

n
( ) E en s er i es of the h ig hes t l as s mi g h b e les sen ed
b y s u b s eque n t mis n d u t, a n d es p eci a ll b y e x rb tant d e

rd S t wel l , The J hn a n d Th ma s , 1 Hag g


Per
m a nd s
15 7 , 11
S ee al s The H e t r, 3 Hag g 90 95 ; The T wa n , 2
29
T 4 0 A n d s ee the A m er i
W Ro b 2 5 9 The M a g n l i a ,
u d g e H pk ns n , i n
can as e, The El vi ra , G i lpi n, 6 0 , w here
W mu s t not
u d g ment ( p
e
the
u rs e o f his
7 5 ) b s er es :
m ay s ta n d r ea d to d e u r w hat the
te a h a sa l r tha t
He mu s t n ot be p ermi tted to b el e e tha
cea n ma y s pare
I f he has
b ri ng s i n a pri z e o f w a r and no t a fri en d i n d is ress
r e n d ere d his a s s is an e to the d s tressed i n a pr p e r S pirit
w ill b e sat i s ed w i th a. us t a nd fa i r remu n erati n fo r the la b u r,
has en un tered i n the s er i e, an d i t i s
haz ard, a nd exp en s e
To
o r d es ire to s at is fy
nl
a pr p er s p r t that we s h u l d s
mp ens a t n the ud g e, g er ned b y a l b eral
this mea su re of
p li , wi ll ad d a rea s n ab l e en u rag emen t, w h h the g e ner u s
exer ti n s to
need , to p r m pt me n
a nd hu m a n e w i ll hard l
B u t w e m u st
r elie e t heir fell w m en i n da ng e r a n d di s tress
ke
satis f
of the l a w i s n ot to pr
rem e m b er t hat t he p li
t he a pp e ti e o f a a r i e, b u t t o h ld a n in d u ement to s u h as
e f rts to s a e th se w ho may
u i re it to mak e extra r di n ar
req

b e en m pas s ed b y p erils b e n d thei r o wn s treng th to s u bd u e


The Nar th
S ee als The H enry E wba n k, 1 S u mn
The Eliza beth a n d J a n e,
C a r li n a , 15 Peters , 4 0 ; L ewis

( m)

Lo
i co v

i o
o
o
vc
co c
Lo
o
o
co
o

vo
iy

c
co

vo

t
o i

he

o i o

vo

iv

t c

o y

o cy

co

io

o cy
v c
o

co
o

eek

co

t he

vc

he

ov

ic
to

yo

c
v

ov o

or

W a re 33
.

ii
co

he

on

e con

'

13 0

OF

THE LA W

SA

LVA GE

VII to add to their pleas an alleg ation tha t the alleg ed


salvors had sin ce the commen cem en t of the sui t
ass aulted som e o f th e witn esses who we re g oin g to
g ive evide n ce ag ain st the m the C ourt rej ected the
motion with co s ts
O ff c
I n addition to the a bo ve i n st ances o f m iscon duct
d
M
ch t S hi p there are se ve ral offen c es with respect to w reck p ro
pi g A t
vided a ain st by the M erch an t S hippin g A ct 18 5 4 ;
g
an d should the all e e d s al v o rs be
g
g uilty of an y o f
these o en ces th ey m ay in a ddition to the p u n i s h
me n t imposed by the s ta tute in cur an e n tire for
feitu re of any s al vag e th y may have e arn ed ( p )
The w ron g fully c arryi n g aw a y or rem ovi ng an y p art
of a vessel in distre s s o r o f her c arg o or any w re ck ;
the en deavouring i n an y w ay to i mpede or hin de r the
s aving o f the ve s s e l o r c arg o an d secreting o f any
wreck or the obliteratin g or defacin g any marks
the reon are offe n ces in volvi ng in addition to any
pun ish me n t p ro v id e d by the law a pen alty o f
o th
The e n d eavo u ring to board a ves s el i n
5 0
distress without the di re ction o f the Recei v er or his
substitute or the leave o f the master m ay be re
pell ed by force an d is an offence also pun i s h able by
a pen alty of 5 0 ; an d it is a felony pu n i s h a ble by
four years pen al se rvitude to t ake in to an d sell i n
an
y foreig n po rt a di s t ressed vessel her c arg o or
CHA P

en

un

es

er

er

an

'

er

11 W R 15 6
S ee The H p ewell, 2
Sp n ks , 2 49 W here the wners o f the pr pert sa ed s u g ht
to ded u fr m the s al ag e a l s s o f 2 6 0, wh h he ha d s u s
n of th e
e ss el i n the
ust d
of the
tai ned hr u g h the deten
the s a l rs of a s u l ci ent
Rece ver of Dr s , afte r en d er
refus ed to make the de d uc i n
the
am un ; and the C u r
,
in their p wer to g et the ess el release d on
wner s ha ng
S ee the A meri an a s e, The Centuri on, Ware 490
s ecuri t
(p ) The Wear P a ket, 2 S p nk s , 2 5 6
10 4, s 4 7 8 , p ost
( g ) 17 do 18 V

( 0 ) The F ield en ,

ct o
t o

o t

vi

oit

o t

it

c
i ct c

to

o
c

o
o y v o
ic t y
c o y
vo
to
v

ti o
t

MI S C O ND U C T 0 R NE G LI G E NCE

13 1

any wreck fou nd wi thin the l imits o f the Un ited


Ki ng d o m ( r )
D i s o b ed ie n ce to the o rders whi ch the
Rece ive r o f W reck whil s t as s is ting a di stre s sed vessel
i s emp o wered to make i s a n o ffe nce s i m i larly p u ni sh
a b le
I t i s the d u ty of t hi s oi cer when any ves s el
i s s tr a nded o r i n d istre s s w i thi n hi s d i str i ct u p o n
b ein g made a cqu ai nted w i th the acc i dent to pro ceed
to the place wher e the vessel i s and o n hi s arri val
to take t he c o mm a nd o f all pers ons present and
a ss i n s u ch d u ti es to each p e r s o n and i s s u e s u ch
g
d irectio ns as he m ay think t w ith a vie w to t he
preserva tio n o f the ves s el and c a rg o and the l ives o f
the pers o ns b el o ng i n g to the ve s s el
( 1) He
m ay s u mm o n s u ch n u m b er o f men a s he thi nk s
nec e s s ary to as s is t him ; ( 2 ) requ ire the m a ster o r
ot her pers o n having the charg e o f an y s hip o r b o at
near at h a nd to g i ve s u ch aid wit h his men s hi p o r
b o at s as may b e in hi s p ow e r ; a n d ( 3 ) he may de
mand the u s e o f any wag g o n c a r t o r h o rses that
m ay b e near at hand ( t)
He is j u s ti ed in s u p
pre s s ing b y fo rce an y a t te mp t to pl u nder to cre ate
di s o rde r or to o b s tr u ct the preservati o n o f the
vessel lives or carg o ( u) ; and he i s enti tled to the
c u sto dy o f any carg o o r a rticles was hed ash o re o r
t aken fro m a d istressed vessel ( v) and o f all wrec k that
m ay b e fo u nd b y any pers o n except the owner o f
it
A ny pers o n o mi ttin g to deli ver u p to the
Recei ver wreck fo u nd o r taken p o ssess io n o f b y hi m

'

c c
c c
c
c
c c
c

18 V i t
18 Vi t
18 V i t
18 Vi t
( v) 17 85 18 Vi t
( x) 17 8t 18 V i ct

( r ) 17 8t
( s) 17 a
( z) 17 a
( u ) 17 8t

u.

c.
.

10 4,
10 4,
104,
10 4,
104 ,
104 ,

s.
4

a.

s.

s.

s.

47 9
4 41
442
4 44
44 35
45 0

ca

\ li

13 2

LA W

TH E

VII

SA

OF

LVA G E

he n o t b eing the o wner o f i t fo r fe its all clai m to


salva e and i s l iab le to pay d ou b le the val u e o f the
wreck to the o wner o f i t and a penalty o f 10 0
and any perso n s wi lfully d is o b eyin g the d irecti ons
an d any
o f th e Rece i ver i n c u rs a penal t y o f 5 0
p erso n refu s ing to c omply w ith the requ is itio ns o r
dem ands whi ch he i s au th o ri sed to mak e a pen alty
o f 100 ( a )
O
f
The pr oo f o f mi sc o nd u ct like that o f any o ther
f f
p
m i c d ct cri mi na l ch a r e
rests u p o n th o se who i mp u te i t
g
The pre s u mpt io n i s in fav ou r o f i nn o cence ; and to
e s tab lis h ag ain s t a salvo r m i sc o nd u ct inv o lving a
fo rfei tu re of s alvag e the ev id e nce m u st b e co ncl u
sive that i s to s ay i t m u s t b e su ch as to leave no
reas o nab le d o ub t in the m ind o f the j u dg e
C vi cti
W here h o wever the mi sc o nd u ct of th e salvo rs
by m g i
t t
ha s alre a dy b een t he s u bj ect of j u d ici a l i nvestig a
an d
they have b een c o n vi cted o f i mpro per
ti o n
i nt er fe rence wi th the c a rg o o f a v e s s el i n p o s sess io n
the co nvictio n is an
o f t he Rece i v e r o f W r e ck
an s w e r to any claim for salvag e ; Thu s where a s e t
o f s alvo rs pers i s t ed i n the i r endeav ou r to u nl o ad
i nt o th e ir o wn b o a t s the car g o o f a vessel i n d is tre s s
aft er men had b een pu t o n b o ard b y the Rec eiver
o f W reck and were c o nvi cted b e fo re the j u sti ces fo r
d is ob edi e nce to the Re ceiver u nder 9
10 V ict
c 99 ( c) the C ou rt held that i t had no p ower to
c onsi der whether the c o nvictio n was rig ht or
C II A P

nu s o

ro o

on

on

on

ra e s

( y ) 17 8t 18 Vi ct c 10 4 s 45 0
(z ) 17 18 Vi ct c 104 s 44 1
( a ) 17 8t 18 Vict c 104 s 4 4 2
.

Ju dg ment

5 28

( 0)

S ir ohn Co le ri dg e, The A tl a s, 1 L ush 5 18


S ee al so The Cha rl es A d o lp he, S wa 15 3 15 6
18 V ic c 10 4, s 4 4 5
See s imila ena men in 17
of

ct

M I S CO ND U CT 0 R NE G LI G E NC E

133

wro n g and pro n o u nced ag ainst the clai m for sal


vag e wi t h c o sts
The C o u rt w ill al s o l ook wi th di s favou r o n the
clai ms o f salvor s who hav e sho wn ma la des Upon
The pr in
th i s s u bj ect Dr L u sh in g t o n o b s erv e s :
ci les are these
that salvag e i s fo r fei ted b y wi lfu l
p
m isc o nd u ct b ad fai th an i nte ntio n no t to do the
wh o le o f the d u ty or an inte ntio n to pro tract d o ing
tha t d u ty for the p u rposes of p ira cy I n all t hese
cases the C our t wou ld h o ld as it did in the case of
T he D u lce of M a n ches ter that th e wh ole s alvag e i s
fo rfei ted al to g ether ; an d I s hall b e very d e s i rou s
,

Ca n

vn

( d ) The Wea r Pa cket

2 S pi nk s , 2 5 6
B u t s e e, on tra , The

L ou i s a , P i c ha d s i g es , p 7 99
I n g i i ng u d g men i n the
a m l ea ly
W ea r Pa ket, D r L u s hi n g on o b s e es ( p 2 5 7 )
ha i t is
u i e i mp os s ible fo r t he Co u r
to d e ee
of O p in ion
u ms t an es o f hi s
sa l a g e to the pa i es la i m i ng i t u nd e t he i
The p ovis ion s of the A ct of Pa li am en r e fe e d t o ha e
as e
b een a efu ll y f a m ed fo r t he p u pose o f p re en ing a ny u n u s
say ca refu l ly
i n e fe e n e w i h es p e to a s hi p i n dis es s
f a m ed , b e a u se i t es s a u ho i y i n the m as e , o wn e or
ha g e of the s hi p, he n i n the Re e i e of D roi s , a nd
of e i n
e s , as the Coas g ua rd ,
for w a n of he i p re s en e, i n a i ou s o f
E is e, &c , s a in g he m i n e e y g ada ion , to p e en , n o t
me ely i mp op e i n erferen e w i h p e s ons a e m p i ng to effe t
t he sa l ag e, b u t s o me i mes a l s o t he d e s u i on of t he p op e y
W he he hes e p a i es ha e been o n i ed o f a iola ion o f s e
4 5 , d oes no t a ppea to me to b e of i mpo an e A f e
15 or se
the m en ha d b een se n on boa d by the e e i i ng of e , hes e
pa i es s ill pe s is ed i n hei e n d ea ou to u n loa d the a g o,
he i o wn b oa s
This ,
a pp e hen d , to
an d to p u t i t o n b oa d
b e a io l a io n of the A ct o f Pa lia me n , a nd on ha g ou nd
his la i m, a n d when n d
s hou ld feel myself o mpel l ed to e e
ha
imina l p o eed ing s u nde the s a u e w e e i n s i u ed
i es , ha
hey w e e on i e d , and ha the con
ag a in s t he p a
S es s i on s ,
a m of O pi ni o n
vi cti on w as
on me d at the Q ua
e
ha
ha e n o p ow e to o ns ide w he he s u h on i i o n w as
s an d s b efo e me a s a n act u n im pea ha bl e
ig h or w ro ng
I f w e e to g i e hes e pa i es sa l a g e
i n hi s a nd o he Cou r s
e w a d , the a s e wou ld b e edu ed t o t he ab su d i y o f the s a me
.

rt r D t
v j
t
c
t
rv
I
c r
t t
q t
t
cr
v
rt c
r
c rc
c
t
c
r
r
t
rr
v
cr
r
r
v t
j t
t r r c t r ct
tr
I
r
c
v t
t rt
tr
r
cr c r
t
c vr
t
t t r
c
vr
cr
t
xc
tt
t
vr r t
rv t
r
r r t
c t
r
tt t
c
v
t
tr ct
r rt
t rt
rt
v
c v ct
v t
ct
ct
r
rt c
tr
t
r
rc v
cr t
rt
t
r t
t r
v r
cr
r t r
t
I
r
v t
r
t
t t r
I
c
r j ct t c
I
t t cr
rc
r
t t t
r
tt t
t
rt t t t
r c v ct
t t
c r
rt r
I
t tI v
r
c
r
t r c c v ct
r t
It t
r
c
t
t r
t
I r
v t
rt
v
r r
c
r c
r t
m en b e in g p i s hed i n one Cou rt a nd re wa rded i n a nother for

m
s
a
e
ac
t
v
r
h
e
t e
y
.

un

fai h

134
am

THE L A W

v11
,

O F SA L VA G E

whenever su ch a c a se o cc u rs to do that wh ich w ou ld


b e the j u st pu ni shment to s alvors and for the b ene t
o f the co mmercial i nt erests of thi s c ou ntry ( e)
The A me ri can C o u rts have h eld salvag e to b e en
tirely fo rfei ted b y b a d faith and c o rru pti on on the
part o f the salvors I n T he Nor th Carol in a ( f )
where a person was a ppoi nted to act as a salvag e
arb i tr at o r who to the knowledg e of the salvors had
an i nterest in enhanc i ng the am o u nt o f compensa
ti on and awarded a su m u nj u stly l a rg e the C o u rt
held the ci rcu mst anc e to d is clo s e an attempt at col
lu s ion whi ch worke d an enti re fo r fe i t u re of s alva e
I n th e shi p J a mes ( g ) salvag e w a s al s o held to b e
enti rely fo r fei ted i n co ns e qu ence o f the salvors havi ng
ag re ed to pay the m aster 2 5 0 0 d ollars for th e ex
the pr o perty I n T he
cl u s i ve pri vi le g e o f saving
A uror a ( h) where the salvors had u nnecessarily lig ht
ened the vessel o f 2 0 5 b ales o f c o tt o n in orde r to
m ag nify thei r servi ce s and ob tai n a la rg er s al vag e
than they were en titl ed to it was held that n otw ith
standing they had rend ered i mp o rtant servi ces the
wh ole c o mpensatio n w as forfe ited I n T he B yr on ( i )
where the sal vors carri e d out an a nchor ahe ad and
pl anted it i n su ch a p o si tion as to h o ld the vessel on
a ree f i nstead o f h au li ng her o ff the circ umstances
,

A m eri an
la w
.

( e) The M ag d a len 3 1 L
Westmins ter, 1 W Ro b 2 29
'

A d 2 2 24
S ee al so The
There i t w as alleg ed t ha t the
sal vors had en tered i nto an ag reement for the salvag e of the s hip
and not of the carg o, a nd D r Lu s hi ng ton , in g i ving j u d g m en t
sai d, that if the charg e ha d b een proved , h e w ou l d at on ce ha ve
refu sed to pronoun ce any salvag e at all du e u nder uch c ircu m
.

t c

s a n es

Peters, 40
Mar in, 2 32
I bid
Ib id 231.

f ) 15

(9)
( h)

( 13)

v
.

M I S CO ND UC T O R NE G LI G E NCE

13 5

were held to d isclose a case n o t merely o f neg li am


g ence b u t one o f s u ch di sh o ne s ty and frau d that
the whole salvag e was decreed to b e fo rfe ited I n
T he M a ry H a l e ( h) the shares o f tw o o f the salvors
were declared to b e forfeited in c o n s eq u ence o f their
a ttempt in
g to sedu ce the sh ip s c o m pany from the i r
d u ty by telling them that the s h ip b e in g in charg e
o f salvors they were not b ou nd to w o r k u nless they
were pai d extra A n d in T he L ea nder the capt ai n
and o wners having conce aled a p a rt o f the s alvag e
g o ods the ir shares were decreed to be fo r fe i ted to
the owners o f the vessel s aved ( l )
Rob b ery b y the salvo rs of an y p o rti o n o f the Ro bb e
al
st o re s or carg o o f the vessel saved w ou ld as a matter
o f c ou rse if proved b e an a n s wer to a s u i t for sal
vag e
S u ch a charg e m u s t h o wever b e most
d i sti nctly pro ved ; and where salvo rs are on b oard a
v e ssel for the p u rpose o f rend e ring her assi stance
they are e nti tled to c o n s u me all that i s necessary o f
the sto res for the p u rp ose o f mai ntai ning themselves
whil s t in the discharg e o f thei r d u ty ; and even if
there b e some was te u nder the c ircu mstances the
C ou rt wi ll re fu se to look i nto mi nu tiae or to rely
u p o n i t (n )
The A meri can law as to the e ffect o f the ft u pon a
p

vrr
.

ry

vors

Marvin , 2 3 6

S ee also The B l ai rea u , 2 Cran ch, 2 39


( l ) Bee, 2 6 0
S ee also the A m erican
( m) The F lorence, 16 J u ri s t, 5 7 2
cas es , The D ave a n d Ca rg o, 1 G allison, 5 8 5 ; The B lai rea u, 2
Cra n ch, 2 39 ; The Mi ss ou ri , 18 A meri ca n L R 38 The B os ton ,
.

1 S u mn 32 8
.

S ee a ls o The
( ) The H owtha ndel, 1 S pinks, 2 5 2 9
I n this ca s e the Cou rt made a
L o u is a , 2 W Ro b
d ed u ct i o n from the s u m all otte d to the sal vo rs , to compens a te
t he cre w of the dereli c t sa v ed for clo thes on b oard whi ch ha d
b een l os t or made a way wi th b y the sa lvors , the Cou rt not im
p u ting to them any feloni ous in ten tion
n

by

136

THE L A W

UH V H

A meri an
la w as to

theft

O F S A L VA G E

claim for s alvag e does n o t differ from th at o f this


cou n try and th
are m an y i n stan ces in the A me
ric an R
eports o f s al v ag e h avi n g bee n e n tirely for
I n T he
feited i n conseque n ce o f e mbe z z lem e n t
I s la n d C i ty ( p ) whe re a g e n eral sy s te m of plun der
seemed to h ave bee n carri ed on by the salvors on
b oard the derelict an d the whole o f the s alvi n g crew
h avi n g been foun d to have either p artici p ated in the
theft or connived at it they were held to h ave fo r
fei ted all cl aim to co mpe n s ation althou g h the ow ne rs
o f the vessel ren de ri n
g the service we re allowed
s alvag e I n T il e B os ton ( q) whe re a m aster and p art
ow n er embezz led a portio n of the p roperty his shares
of the s alvag e as own er a nd m as te r we re forfeited
a n d i t w as also l aid down i n thi s c as e th at eve n
w here the embezz le me n t t akes place afte r the s alv ag e
w as co mpleted an d whilst the p rop erty w as i n the
po s s e s s io n of the C ou rt it still occasion ed a forfei ture
I n T he Mu llzo us e
p ar t o f the sal
o f the s alvag e
vin g c re w rem ain ed on bo ard the dere lict whilst the
others return ed to po rt i n thei r vessel w ith s ome keg s
O n e keg was s tole n by so m e o f those who
o f s pecie
an d it w as held th at o nly those who re
retu rn ed
m ain ed on board the de relict were e n titled to s al vag e
I n The S A B oi ce ( s ) a vessel had been captured
by a p rivatee r an d after being p artly pl un d ered w as
suffered to g o adri ft without a crew and the pe rsons
cl aimin g to be s alvors su rroun ded the ves s el in s mall
boats and plun de red her of eve rythi n g they could

ere

( p ) 1 Bla ck
( q) 1 S u mn

12 1
32 3

( r ) 2 2 A m eri can L R 2 7 6
N S 65
( s ) 13 L
.

M I S C O ND U C T or: NE G LI G E C E

13 7

te rwards on her own e rs arri v i n g as s i s ted am vu


the m in g e tti n g her o ff the C o u rt h e ld th a t they
co u ld n o t mai n tai n thei r a ction for s al vag e b u t as
the ow n ers o ered to pay the m for wh a t they h ad
don e they we re al lowed to re c e ive a qu a n tu m mer ui t
for wo rk an d l a bou r b u t withou t costs
I n The
O cta via ( t) it w as held that the ma ste r h as n o ri g ht
to g ive away any o f the s to res or c arg o o f hi s ve s s el
an d th a t an a cc ept an ce o f the m by the s alvo rs o r
their co nn i v a n ce a t hi s w a ste or m is u se o f the m
wo u ld fo rfeit o r dimi n ish th ei r s al v ag e I t was at
o ne tim e con side red i n A m e ric a ( a ) th a t fraud o r
a ct u al e mbe z z l e m e n t on the p a rt o f the m a ste r wou ld
de fe at the cl a im o f the own e r o f th e s al v in g ve s s e l
I n T he al l i as ou r z s Carg o ( v) how e v e r it w as decided
othe rw ise the C ou rt holdi n g th a t o n ly the g u ilty
p arties shou ld s u ffe r
W he re the s al v o r has bee n g u ilty o f m isco n duct
the ow n e r is n o t p reven ted fro m rai s i n g it a s a de
fe n ce by the fa ct th at he has n eg ociate d wi th the
view o f re ferri n g the s alvag e cl ai m to arbitration ( w)
W he re the de fe n da n t in a s alv ag e suit i n te n ds to Ch g f
m co d c t
tb
ra ise the de fe n ce o f m isco n d u ct o n the p art o f the m
pl d d
s alvors he shou ld do so at the e arli e s t poss i ble stag e
o f the p roceedi n s ( a )
He will n o t be allowed to set
g
an d

af

'

ar

is

e o

us

ea

( t) Marvi n on S al vag e 113


( u ) The Ri si ng S u n Ware
( v) The M i ss ou ri s C a rg o
,

38 5

1 S pra g u e, 2 6 0
I n thi s as e,
,
n ea l ed b y
pa rt o f the p r p erty ha in g b een e mb ez z l e d a n d
t he m as ter a fter i t had b een sa ed, was u lt ma tel res t red to
the w n er an d s al ag e on thi s p rt i n w as hel d to b e d u e to
the w n er and i nn en t sa l rs , the ha i ng ha d n thi n g to d o
w i th th e e mb ez z lemen t S ee a ls The Fa i r A mer i a n , Peters , 8 7
( w) The M a rtha , S wa 4 8 9 S ee The Pa ri s szma C n ep ci n ,
N tes o f Cases , 15 0
( x) The Ci ty of E d i nbur g h, 2 Hag g 33 3
,

v
oc

'

vo

'

o
o

co c

o o
y v

'

o c

13 8

THE L A W

Cu m V II
.

O F S A LVA G E

up the ch arg e unless it is


in the pleading s

di stinctly

b roug ht for ward

Un s hi lfu lne ss .
eg

hg

encc

o r u n s k ilfu l
n es s o f

s al

vo

rs .

The am oun t o f

kill and k n owled g e which s alvors


are expected to possess depe n ds in a g re a t m e a s u re
upon circu mstan ce s A lthoug h o rdinarily whe re
person s un dertake to perfo rm a s alvag e se rvice the
C ou rt will n ot requ ire the m to be n i s hed n a vig a
tors i t does expect th at they shou ld possess an d
exercise such a de g ree of p rude nce an d skill in the
performance o f th e i r task as person s in their voc a
tion an d co ndition i n li fe usu ally do possess and are
fa irly expected to display ( g )
The C ourt w ill ho w
ever look with le s s le nie n cy upon the con duct of
i n com pete n t person s who a ssu me the characte r o f
salvors whe n th ere are others p re s e n t willing to
e ng ag e in the un de rtakin g and com pete n t to bri ng it
to a succ e ss ful issue I n The B yg dea
Dr L u sh
i ng ton th u s st ates the l aw upo n the s ubj e ct : W h e re
pe rson s o er their s e rvices to vessels i n distress an d
the re are n o other i n dividuals on th e spot cap able of
ren derin g m ore e fcien t a ssistan ce the C ourt will
look with co n siderable i ndulg en ce at their effort ;
becaus e bei ng the on ly aid th at can b e p rocured
an d offe red i n a st ate o f g re at exi g e n cy eve ry allow
an ce m u s t be m ade if they are n o t possessed o f a de
quate kn owled g e to pe rfo rm the duty they had
unde rtaken Bu t differen t con side ration s will apply
to the conduct of in divi duals who as s um e the cha
racter o f s al vo rs whe n there are othe r persons com
s

The Minn eha ha , 1 Lu sh 335


Cap e Pa cket, 3 W R
o b 12 2 12 5
( 31) l
(2 ) 1 Notes of Cases, 115

( a)

U NS K

ILF ULNE S S

139

pete n t to di sch arg e these d u ties ( a ) D r L u sh


i n g ton has in m ore th an o n e pl ace laid it dow n
th a t s alvag e re mu n eratio n m ay be e n tirely fo rfe ited
th roug h wan t o f s kill o r n eg lig e n ce in the s alvors ( h)
howeve r in co n s i s ten t with the
The s e dict a are
l aw as l a id dow n by Sir J oh n C ole rid g e i n The
wh ere the g en e ral ru le i s state d to be
A tla s
th at W he re salvag e has bee n n ally effected n o m is
t ake o r e rro r o f j u d g m en t in the m an n e r o f p rocurin g
it an d n o m isco n d u ct short o f th at which is w ilfu l
an d th at p roved
a n d m ay be co n side red c ri m i n al
beyo n d a re a s o n able dou bt by the ow n ers resisti ng
th e cl a i m w ill wo rk an e n ti re fo rfe itu re o f s alv ag e
.

T he Nep tu n e ( e),
I n T he D u ke o
f M a n ches ter
The D yg den ( f ) an d T he L ock woo ds g ), which are
,

cited as au tho ritie s fo r the p roposition th at wan t o f


skill occ asio n s a fo rfeitu re of s alvag e n o co mplete
s alvag e w a s effected the e fforts o f the salvo rs i n
co n s eq u en ce of thei r o wn n eg lig e n ce re s u ltin g i n n o
ben et to the vessel
,

( a)

o The Nep tu e 1 W Ro b
L J A d 2 2 ; Th H owtha n d el

als

S ee

The M a g
1 S p i n ks , 2 5 2 7 ;
,
47 0 ; The L o ckwoo d s, 9
.

e
d a l en , 3 1
The D u lce of M a n ches ter, 2 W Ro b
J ur ist, 1017 The J hn B ry a n t, 5 I i i s h J u ri s t, 2 3 3

b
( ) E en w here ess en ti al ser i es ha e b een re ndered t a
r may not
n ly
u ent m is
n d u t o f the s al
V es sel the s u b seq
d i mi n is h the a m unt of hi s re ward , b ut hi s en ti re l a i m may b"e

The D uke o M a n hester


f rfeite d Dr Lus hi n g t n i n
,
f
There ma y b e i ns ta n es of s u h g r ss n eg li
u bi s up ra , p 4 7 7
g en e , i nd ep end en t of any wilfu l i natten ti n, as w ul d deb ar all

Dr L u s hin g t n, The Cap e


lai m for sal a g e re mp e ns e
Pa cket, 3 W Ro b 12 2 12 5
S ee a ls The R sa li e, 1 S p i nks ,
( 0 ) 1 Lu s h 5 18 5 2 8
18 8 19l
The Ma g d a l en , 3 1 L J A d 22
( d ) 2 W Ro b 4 7 0
( e) 1 W Ro b 297
( f ) 1 N tes of Cases, 115
(g ) 9 J uris t, 10 17
.

co

vo

c
o

vc
c

co

c
o

c
o

on

v 11

140

THE

C RA P V I I
.

L AW

OF

SAL V A G E

A lthou g h

it m ay be a question of doubt whethe r


n e li ence or u n s kilfuln e s s in the s al v o rs w ill wo rk
g g
an e n tire fo rfe itu re o f s alva e still
if the pr ope rty
g
s aved sustain s any i nju ry in consequen ce o f su ch
n e li e n ce or u n skil fu l n ess
the C ourt will i m pose
g g
upon the s alvo rs a p art o f the burden of the lo s s by
di minishi ng thei r re m un eration The exten t o f this
di min ution is n o t howeve r me asured by the am ou n t
o f loss o r inj u ry s u s tai n e d but is framed upo n the
p rinciple of p roportion in g the dimi n ution to the
deg ree of n eg li g e n ce n o t to the co n sequ e n ces ( h)
Thus whe re ce rtai n s al vors took possession of a de relict
which they fou n d lyin g bottom upwards an d after
som e di fculty towed her i nto Falm outh the C ou rt
reduced the am o u n t o f their rewar d in co n sequen ce
o f the injuries they did to the vessel by i mp rop e rly
turni ng it over in s h allow w ate r i n stead of taki ng it
into deep w ater an d p arb u ckling it
A n d whe re
a ste am er h avi ng
g o t a vessel off the G ood win S an ds
where she had been ag rou n d took her in tow an d
the vessel afterwards in con sequence o f the n eg li
g e n ce o f those o n bo ar d the steam e r g ot ag rou n d
upon the S andwich Flat s the s alvag e clai med by the
ste amer was held to be e n ti rely forfeited upon the
g roun d th at the ve s s el had been led into a pe ril as
g re at as th at fro m which s he had bee n rescued ( It )
I n the A meric an c as es T he A s hbur ton an d T he
,

Dr L u shin g t n, The Cap e Pa cket, 3 W Rob 12 2


S ee als The Perl a, S wa 2 3 0 ; The Pr in s Fred eri k, 2
12 5
A s to the res p n s i b ili ty of sal rs for the neg lig en e
D ds 4 5 1
or mis c nd u t of the ir ag en ts , s ee The A tlas , 1 Lu s h 5 18 5 27
The Mag da len , 3 1 L J N 8 A d 22
S ee als The
Perl a, a bi sup ra ; The D yg d en , 1 N tes of Cases, 115
( k) The D u lce of Ma n c hester (on appeal) 5 Notes of Cas es , 4 7 0

( h) Per

vo

UNS K ILFULNE S S

14 1

S u lta n ( l),

conside rable deductio n s we re made fro m am p m


the s alvag e awarded in con s equ e n ce of the prope rty
h avi ng bee n i nj u red th roug h the s alvors h avi ng
neg lected to t ake p rope r soun din g s ; and in The
D ia dem ( m) thei r re m u n e ra tion was similarly di
m in ished i n con seque n ce o f thei r h a vin i mp rope rly
g
used h awse rs i n ste ad o f ch a in s to the an chors where
they had reason to thi n k tha t the hawsers would be
cut by the rocks
I f i n con sequen ce o f the un skilfulness or ne g li Coll isi o
w hil s t
as d i
g ence o f those on board h er the s al v mg vessel shoul d e
m i
com e i n to colli sion wi th the vessel which she is en
d eavourin g to assist she will b e held liable i n
damag es as in an o rdin ary c a se o f collision Thus
where the ste amer T hetis fell i n with the ste ame r
S ar dls which had bee n dis a bled in con seque n ce of
an accide n t to her machi n e ry an d i n e n de avourin
g
to tow her into port fo r an ag reed s u m n e g lig en tly
c ame i n to collision with an d s u n k the disabled vessel
she w as held to be solely blama ble and co n de mned
i n d amag es ( n )
I f the s alvors e mploy an a e n t to as sist the m in Neg li g c
t
f ag
the unde rtakin g an d the p r ope rty s a ved sustai n s any
loss in con sequen ce of the n eg lig en ce or un skil fulness
o f the ag ent the s alvor s howeve r i nn ocen t they ma
y
be and however m eritorious as to their own a cts
m ust still suffer for it i n the d imi n ished am ount o f
co mpen s ation ( o) I f however the se rvices of the
.

en
n

en e

en

(1) Marvi n,

235
( m) Marv in, 236
( n ) The Th etis , L R 2 A d 3 65
( a) Per S ir J ohn Coleridg e, The A tl a s, L us h 5 18 5 29 See
The B oma/rs un d, Ibid 7 7 ; The D uke of M a nc hester, 2 W
Ro b 4 7 0
.

14 2
C

LA W

TH E
V H5

AP

SA

OF

LVA G E

salvor terminate b efo re the ne g lig ent act o f the


third p a rty takes pl ace then a s he would n o t u nder
s u ch c ircu mstances b e ac tin g a s thei r ag ent they
w o u ld n o t o f c ou rse b e an s wer ab le for hi s mi s c o n
d uct Thu s where a set o f salvo rs b r ou g ht a vessel
i n to a p o s itio n o f s afe ty fr o m o rdi n a ry peri l b u t n o t
e nsed
to anch o r and then g ave her i n ch a rg e to a l ic
p ilo t i t w as held that they were n o t pr ej u diced in
their claim for salvag e b y i nj u r ies su b s e qu ently
c au sed to the ship thr o u h the ne l i ence o f the
g g
g
p il o t p )
The qu est io n h as b e en dis c u ss ed in A mer ica as to
h ow far the o wn er o f the salvin g vessel i s r e s pon
s ib le fo r l o sses s u stai ne d b y the pro perty saved
thro u g h the u nseawo r thi ness o f his vessel o r the m is
c o nd u c t o fhi s crew ; and it has b een held that althou g h
the o wner o f an o rdin a ry t r ad ing vess el w ou ld
n o t b e l i ab le fo r s u ch c o nsequ e nces
a different
ru le prevail s wi th reg ard to a licen s ed wrec king vessel
Th e re th e master an d crew a re empl oyed b y the o wner
for the s o le p u rp o s e o f a s s i sting ve s s els i n d i stress
and he is li ab le fo r a ny m is c o ndu c t b y t he m in the
c ou r s e o f thei r empl oyment W h o ever the salvors
may b e whether licen s ed wrecker s or n o t th ey are
n o t o nly b o u nd to b e scr u p u l ou s ly h o nest themselves
b u t wh i lst the pr o perty i s in thei r c u st o dy they are
expected to emplo y every reas o nab le de g ree o f d ili
g enc e to g u ard i t from plu nd er b y o thers ; a n d any
neg lig ence in this re s pect w ill affect the amou nt o f
their rem uneratio n ( r )
,

A m e ri

law

an

to
res p on s i
b i ty of
o w n er o f
s a l in g
e s s el for
u n w or thi

as

n cs s .

(p )
(g )

The B omars un d , 1 Lus h 7 7


The Mul lhou s e, 2 2 A meri can L
.

I b id 28 9
( r) The
.

The Pa ifi c
,

276

John Perkin s

19 A meri

can L

R
.

490

14 3

CHA PTE R V III

DE TENTIO N or PRO PE RTY BY S A LV ORS

III

IT

has b ee n held a t co mm o n law that where salvag e


CR P V
i s e ffected on the hig h seas the salv o r i s en ti tl e d to
retain possessio n o f the pro perty s aved u ntil his g g gggy
by
lv
T hi s rig ht o f the
clai m has b een s a t is ed ( a )
Comm
salvor has also b een rec og n is ed in the C o u rt o f A d l w 13
so y l c
m i ral ty b u t to a m u ch m o re li mi te d extent that
C o u rt looki ng to all the c irc u mstances o f the case
and re g ard in g the nece s sity that may exis t for de
taini ng the property as a means of s ec u ring the
clai ms o f the salvor a s the very fou ndation o f the
rig ht
The Merchant S hi pp i ng A ct s wh ilst they
provi de for the s e cu ri ty o f the salvo r have als o as
w ill b e presently s e en still fu rther restri cte d his rig ht
to retai n possessi on o f the pro perty he saves
I t has b ee n lai d d o w n that when o nce a vessel
has b een ab andoned b y her mas t er an d cre w i n
i d
li t
consequ ence o f real dan g er for the p u rp o se o f s av mg
A

or s

sa

on

95 808

n.

'

v Jo nes

( a ) Har tfort

Ra y mon d

1 Lord

3 93
Se e als o
Ni holson
Cha p man , 2 H Bla k 2 5 4 The Ni ol a i Hei n
Se e al s o the fo llo wi ng A m e i an as es to
u ri s , 3 2 9
r ich, 17

o
a
l
i
l
a
h
t
f
c
T
e
R
W
l
i
m
S
w
e a t s V i e Ad R
ep
the s ame e e t :
,
y
The E li za beth a nd J a ne,
111 The B ee, W a e, 3 3 6 L ewis
I bid 33 ; The ohn 0 i i n,
Ba b S 0 Rep 2 03
( b) The Glasg ow Packet. 2

rc
c

ere

144
C

HA

TH E

III

LAW

SA

OF

LVA G E

thei r li ve s then whateve r perso ns rst g et p o sses


sio n o f t h a t vessel and are c o mpetent to render
s alva e s e rv ice
have a rig ht to retai n p o ssessio n of
g
her u ntil s he is e ither vol u nta rily g iven u p or they
are d i ve s ted b
and s alvo r s have
y du e c ou rse of law
b een c o n s idered j u sti
u nder s pec ial ci rc u mstance s
e d i n t akin g the vessel i n to p o rt wi th ou t d elayin g
to t ake o n b o ard the crew wh ich had ab a nd o ned
her ( d ) and th ey have a lso u nder spec ial c irc u m
stances b een h eld enti tled to re t ain p o ssessio n o f a
ve s s el fo u nd derelict th ou g h the m a ster and crew
retu rn to her ( e) The retentio n o f the exclu sive
p o s s e s s io n and c ontr ol of the vessel b y the salvo rs
w here the m as ter a
n d cre w reappe a r can
h o wever
o nly b e j u sti ed b
y nece ss i ty ( f ) ; an d the r ig ht of
the salvor s in thi s re s pect is o n e depen ding so entirely
u p o n the pec u li ar c i rc u m s t a nces o f eac h ca s e that
the C ou rt has re fu sed to lay d o wn any g eneral r u le
u p o n the s u bject (
g)
I n T he
th at ve s s el was fou nd b y the
s alvi n
g v es s el T he G a l li ci a on her b eam e n ds i n
the tro ug h o f the s ea her p o rt g u nwale awash and
the s ea b r eaking o ver her apparently s inki ng an d
he r cre w ab o u t to le ave h er
The cre w were g o t o n
b o ard T he G a lli ci a an d The C l eop a tr a w as t o wed
I n an s wer to the clai m o f the s alvo rs
i n to har b ou r
,

Th e Tr i tom a , 5 No es of Cas es, S u pp


S ee als o The
D a n lzi c Pa ket, 3 Hag g 38 3 3 8 5
( d ) The Orbon a , 1 S pi nks , 16 1 16 5
A d 13 0
( 6 ) The G er tr ud e, 30 L

S
0
D
r
L
u
s
h
i
n g on
i s e pedien , how e e ,
)
(f
w he e it can b e done, to p e mi a mas e an d
e w to app oa h

heir ow n ship
Ad 31
(g ) The Cleop atra , 3 7 L
( h) b id

( c)

'

J
t
r t

It

tr

cr

vr
r c

D ETE NT I O N

BY

SA

LV O RS

14 5

it

was stated that the m as ter o f the G al licia re fu sed am


II I
to all o w the ma s ter an d crew o f the C leo a tr a to
p
retu rn to her on the m o rning a fter they were taken
an d
o
that the vessel i n c o nsequ ence inc u rred
c ertai n r i s k
The C o u rt h o wever d o es n o t seem to
have b een i nu e nced b y the o b j ectio n a s i t held the
salvag e to b e a meri to riou s o ne and g ave the salvo rs
5 00 0 the val u e o f the ship fre ig ht an d carg o
b e i ng
t
If h oweve r the vess e l b e n ot a derelict as where Wh
l i ct
d
fo r i nst a nce the m aster and crew leav e her for the
p u rp o s e o f o b tain in g and retu rn in g w ith a ss is t ance
and W i thou t t he i nte nti o n o f ab and o n i ng her the
o cc u pyi n
g s a lv o r i s b ou nd to s u b m i t h i msel f to th e
o rd e rs o f the master when he a ppe ar s a n d clai ms hi s
au th o ri ty The m aster u nder s u ch circ u mstance s
i s en t i tle d to res u m e charg e o f the ve s sel to emplo y
wh o m h e pleas es and to take what m eas ures he
th i n ks t fo r t he preservat io n o f the s h ip ( h)
A s b etween the s alvo rs and the o wners o f the S l v
t tl d t
shi p i t ha s b een held that the pr o perty hi d ;
s al v mg
b tw
saved o r the rem u nerat i o n aw arded fo r i t o ug ht th m d
th
w ih
u nti l di s tri b u ti o n to b e i n the c u st o dy o f the s alv o rs
and n o t in that o f the owner s o f t he s al ving ve s
sel ( i )
lv
The salvors ti tle to rem u nerat i o n a n d thei r mari Wh
t g i
p
i
ti me li en on the vessel saved i s n o t i n any way p
i mpai red or affected b y the ir g ivi n g u p pos s ess io n
to the owner
and when o nce the salvag e has b een
p

en n o

ere

or s e n

'

as

s o

e en

an

rs

en s a

ve u

o s s es s on

( h)

J udg men t of Dr

L u s hi n g ton , The Cha mp io n , Br

L u sh

71
The Pri n cess Helen a , 30 L J A d 13 7 14 0
( j ) The E lea n ora Cha r l otta , 1 Hag g 15 6 L ord S tow ell
I t i s an i ll foun ded an d a b s u rd n ot ion that u nl es s s a lvors s ti c k

69

or

14 6

LAW

TH E

OF

SA

LVA G E

c o mpleted and the ves s el b rou g ht into p o rt the


salvors will not b e j u sti ed in retaining p o s s e s sio n
for any g reater leng th o f t ime th a n may b e n eces
sary for the p u rp o s e o f s ec u ri ng their d e mands ag ain s t
the owner Th i s nece s s i ty the C ou rt o f A dmiralty
reg ards as the very fo u ndatio n o f the rig ht ( Is) ; an d
i t ha s even g o ne so far as to h o ld salvag e to b e entir ely
fo rfei ted on the g r ou nd among o thers that the
salvor had i mprop erly kept p o s se s sio n o f t he pro
perty s aved instead o f del ivering it u p to an ag ent of
the o wner who was on the s p o t ( l)
D t ti
W here t he s hip or pr o perty saved i s b r ou g ht
d
l
by R
iv
int o t he Un it ed Kin g d o m th e Rec eiv e r o f W rec k
fW
k
g h ie g i i s b y the follow mg s e cti o ns o f the Merch ant S hi p
l
p ing A ct 18 5 4 emp owered to detai n the pr op e rty
gt hiffyUitm
d
u nti l the salva e cl ai med has b een pai d or s ec u r i ty
K i g d m_
g
g i ven :
W henever any salvag e is du e to an y per s o n u nder
t hi s A ct the Receiver shall act as fo llo ws ( that i s to
C

HA

iii

e en

on

re eas e

an

ece

er

'

er

y) :

sa

same i s du e in respect o f servi ces ren


dered i n assi sting an y s h ip or b oa t o r in sa vi ng the
lives of pers o ns b el o ng ing to the s ame or the c arg o
o r apparel thereo f he shall detai n s u ch shi p or b o at
and the carg o an d apparel b elo n g in g thereto u ntil
pay ment i s made or process has b een i ssu ed b y
I f the

b y the s hip , they forfei t or a t l eas t i mpai r their ti tle to remu n e


ration I t is ery des irabl e that s al ors g enerally s hou ld kno w
that, in order to mai nt ai n their rig hts , it is perfe t ly un ne essary
to rema in on b oard the es sel whi h m ay ha e re ei ed t hei r
S ee the A m eri an as es, The H D B a on , 1 Ne w b
a ss is ta n e
2 7 4 ; The E mbli n , Davei s, 6 1
( h) The Gla sg ow Pa cket, 2 W Rob 306, pp 312, 3 13
See also The Towa n ,
( l) The L a dy Worsley, 2 S pinks , 2 5 3
8 J uri st, 22 0

c v
c

'

DE TE NTI O N

BY S A

LV O RS

14 7

competent c o u rt fo r the deten t io n o f s u ch sh ip C H


b o at car g o or apparel
I f the same i s d u e i n re spect o f the savi n g
o f any wreck
an d s u ch wrec k is not s o ld as u n
claimed in p u rs u ance o f the pr o vi s io ns h e rein after
co ntai ne d
he s h all de t ai n s u ch wrec k u ntil pay
ment i s m ade or process ha s b een i s s u ed in manner
afo resaid
B ut i
t shall b e law fu l for the Rece iver i f at any
ti me p revi ou sly to the i ssu e o f s u ch pr o cess sec u ri ty
i s g iven to hi s s a ti s fac ti o n for the a m o u nt of salvag e
d u e to r elease fro m hi s c u st o dy an y sh ip b o at car g o
appar el o r w rec k s o detained b y him as a fo resai d ;
and in cases wher e the cl ai m for salvag e e xceeds
n g land fo r the H ig h
2 00 i t s h all b e law fu l i n
C o u rt o f A dm i ralty o f n g land in I rel and for the
H ig h C o u rt o f A dmi ralty of I reland an d i n S c o tland
fo r the C o u rt o f S es s i o n to determ ine an y qu estio n
that m ay ari se c o ncerning the am ou nt o f the s e c u ri ty
to b e g iven or the s u f ci ency o f the s u reti es ; and
i n all cases where b o nd o r o ther sec u ri ty i s g i ven to
t he Rece iver fo r an am o u nt exceedi ng 5 92 00 i t s hall
b e lawfu l for the s alvo r o r fo r the owner o f the p ro
perty s alved o r their respective ag e nts to i nsti tu te
pr o ce e di ng s in s u ch last mentio ned co u rts for the
p u rp o se of havin g the qu estio ns ar i sing b etween
them adj u dicated u p o n and the said co u rts may
en fo rce payment o f the said b o n d or o ther secu r ity
in the same manner as if b ail had b een g iven in the
sai d c ou rts

S ome

(m)

V ct c

ct

17 8t 18 i
10 4, s 46 8
B y the 4 12 th se i on of the
n e w Me han S hi p pi ng Code, i t i s p op ose d to a l e the fo eg oi ng
p o i s i ons , b y confer ing u p on the Recei e a g ene al au hori y

rv

rc

vr

tr

r
t

Ar

vm

14 8
C

HA

VIII

Rel ease

of

p ro p er y b y
s a l or
u n d er ag ree

m en

LA W

T HE

SA

OF

LVA G E

a sub sequ ent section


i t i s pro vi ded that
where the s alvo r volun tarily ag rees to ab ando n hi s
lien u pon the ship car g o and property alleg e d
to b e salved u p o n the m aster o r o ther p ers o n in
charg e there o f en t ering i nto a writ ten ag reement
at t ested b y tw o w i tnesses to ab i de b y the deci sio n
o f the H i h C ou rt o f A dmi ralty or o f an y V i c e
g
A dmi r alty C o u rt and there b y g iv ing sec u ri ty in that
b ehalf to s u ch am o u nt a s may b e ag reed o n b y th e
parti es to the ag reement su ch ag reement s hall b in d
t he s ai d s h ip an d the sai d c a rg o and the freig ht
payab le th erefo r r e s p ect ively and the resp e ctive
o wners o f the s ai d s h i p frei g ht and carg o for the ti me
b ein g an d th eir respecti ve he irs ex ec u t or s an d ad
m in i s trato rs fo r the s a lv a g e whi ch may b e adj u dg ed
to b e payab l e i n respect o f the sai d shi p carg o and
fre ig ht re s pecti vely to the extent of the secu ri ty s o
g ive n a s a fo r es ai d and may b e adj u dicated u p o n and
enfo rc e d b y the H ig h Co u rt of A dmiralty or any
The s a lvo r and
V i ce A dmi ralty C o u rt ag reed u p on
the m as ter o f the vessel s aved when s u ch an ag ree
ment i s e ntered into are to fo rward to the C o u rt
which has to adj u dicate u p o n the ag reement s tate
By

r rt
v

tr ct
r rt
t
t t c rt

p o pe y fou n d w i hi n his di s i , a n d a lleg ed to

to de ai n the
an d
e
i
l
f
r
sa
l
ag ,
b e l ab e o
p o pe y u n il the
lai m i s sa is e d, the p ope y eleas e d b y a comp e en
ou
, or
e ei e g i en for the sal a e
s e u i y t o the sa i s fa i on of the R
g ,
"
A n y ues i o n as t o the a mou n of the s e u i y
fees an d os s
or the s u f i en y of the s u e ies i s to b e d e e min ed , i n a s es
w he e t he a l u e i s unde 5 0, b y the Re ei e , a nd ab o e 5 0 ,
b y the lo al Cou r of A d mi a l y for the di s i , a n d the al u e
i s to b e de e min ed b y the Re ei e , i f no a l u a i on ha s b een
made
The s e u i y is to b e en fo ed b y a ny Cou
om p e en
"
r
sa
l
a
e
s
u
i
f
o
a
a
i
n
to en e
g , an d i n l ai ms o e whi h the
Re ei e i s to ha e u i sd i ion, b y the l o al C ou of A dm i al y
for the d i s i
10 4, s 497
( n ) 17 18 V i

to

s ei z e any

c rt

r
ct
q

c t
c c
v
c
t
tr
c rt
.

t rt
c vr

tr ct

v j r

rt r

c vr v

t
rt

r t
c vr
rc

v
ct

ct c
.

t
tr
c vr
tr ct

c
c

rt c
vr
rt

v
c rt
c
v

t t

r t

D E TE NTI O N

BY

SA

LV O RS

14 9

ments c o ncerning the natu re of the s e rvi ce the val u e am


i ii
o f the sh i p o f the property saved
&c su ch a s are
requ ired in the case o f salvag e b y Her Maj esty s
ships ab ro ad
b u t wi th thi s d ifference that th ey
need n o t b e made u p o n o ath p)
W here the C ou rt o f A dmi ralty o rders the release
o f a vessel i nstantaneo u s O b edi ence m u st b e pai d to
i t ; and i f the salvo rs seek to retai n the po s s es s i o n o f R f l t
b y
d
the vessel after pro du cti on to them O f the release a n f C t f
I
atta chment wi ll b e i ss u ed ag ainst them
A n d if
the Recei ver o f W reck releas e the pro perty the
salvo r s aft er s u ch r ele ase have n o rig ht to detain N
t
d t ti
i t or to arre s t i t b
l
y warrant o f the C ou rt of A d ft
b y R c iv
m iralty
S h o u ld th e y do s o the C ou rt wi ll on f W ck
m o tio n o f the o wn e r s g ra nt the release and c o ndemn
the salvo r s in co sts
The rig ht of salvo rs to retain possess i on o f pro
perty saved i s also su bj ect to th o se sections O f the
p

e u sa

o
o

or

er

O ur

ea s e

or

o arre s

e en

or

on

er r e eas e
e e

V ct c
V ct c

A n d s ee, p os t
17 Sr 18
i
104, s 48 6
104 , s 497
By the 4 16 t h se i on of the
( p ) 17 8t 18 i
ha n Shipp i n g Cod e, the ab o e p o i s i ons are i n s u b
new Me
The ha n g es p opos ed to b e mad e i n the la w
s an e r e e na ed
ns ea d O f a n y p o i s i on for
b y hi s s e i on are e y s lig h
se u i y
the ag eemen i s el f i s to bi nd the p op e y to the
The ag reemen i s to b e en fo ea b le i n the ou
e
en s pe i e d
ha p u pose any ou
having A d m i al y
na m ed i n i t, an d for
Of
ion i s to ha e all th e p ow e s of the s u p e io Cou
u i s di
A d mi a l y , a n d the Hi g h Cour o f A d m i al y O f E ng land is to
ha e a u ho i y to en fo e s u h ag ee men s i n a ny i e A d mi a l y

of the Q ueen s d omi ni ons , an d a ll Cou


s
Cour i n a n y p a
i n g d om, the
uri s d i
ni ed
i on i n the
e e i s in g A d m i al y
Cha nnel s l ands , a n d t he s l e O f Man, are to aid the Hi g h Co u
i ng the s a me
The s a emen s to b e for
of A d mi a l y i n enfo
a re i n the 2 n d s he d u le to the Code, b u t
w ar d ed t o the Cou
dif
f e in n o w ay f om hos e p o ided for b y the e i s ing l aw ,

s
s wi ll i ng
h
h
m
o
f
t
e
m
a
t
e
a
the s a e en
wi h hi s e e p i on,
ib ed b ond is o mi ted
n es s to e e u e the p es
( q) The Towa n , 8 J ur 220
( r) The L a dy Catheri n e B raham, Lush 404

( o)

t c
t
c rt
xt t

j r

rc
-

ct

ct

t
ct

r t
v t rt
t
x rc
I
r t

vr

ct

rv

r
t I t

rv
r rt

t t

t t

rc

rt
r t j

rc

rc
c rt

r t

ct

rv
tt

Vc

t t

rt
r
r t
t t
xc t t t
xc t
r cr

r r

x t
r

c rt
r t
rt
r t
rt

rt

re

er

15 0

C rg
t be d
li vered t
Rec ei ve

ro

n c rt

tr

on

ro

e s

or

r or o t

ro

orc

e ery t
R cei ver
W re ck
f nd
D li v

ou

of

r c

oo

r c

r,

or an

c
c c

s,

s o

t e

to

rr

t e

cr

10 4, as 4 41 4 48
18 Vi ct
( 8 ) 17
( a) I bi d 5 45 0
(u ) S ee 17 18 Vi t 104, s 45 1 Under the 45 2 ml
.

rc

r c

re

o s

ec

ac

t e

rt c

r,

o s

ta

an

ne n o

ot c

oo

or

e o

to

or

an

r o

an

e o

c a

r c

rov

to

or

n ot

o n

ot

c r o or

so r

se

rs o

t he

or

ct o

t or

to

r o

s o

c r

r o

or

an

r o

or

to

re

r o

rt c e, or r

r or

or o

or

an

cr

e o

or o

or

r, an

cee

rt c

or

r o

ct o

tr

c r o or

to

ot

an

or

r or n o

su c

on

car

an

ro

r c

rc

o,

SA LV A GE

OF

e hant Shipping A t which e qui e th delive y


f such p p e ty i
e ain ase s t th Re eive f
W e k f th di s i t B y th 4 4 3 d s e i n i i
p vided th at ll
g
d
he a i le s b l n g
b at s anded i dist e ss t
i g t an y sh ip
h e f th s e a f any id l
th
y pla e
w ate wi hi n h limi s f th Uni e d Kin gd m
h at m y be washe d sh e the wi se l st
ake n f m s u h hip
b at sh all be delive d t
h Re e ive
d ha
y p e s n whe he he i h
wn e
keep s p sse s i n f any
t wh s e e e s
h ag a il
efuse s t delive
s me
any p e s n au h i d by him
th Re ei ve
t de man d h sam e
hall in u a p en al y ex
su h
di g 100
d h at i s h all be l aw ful f
Re e ive
he p e s n take su h a g a i le
by f e f m h p e s n efusing t de live h
same
By a s ub s e q e n
e i n it i p ided wi h
s p e t t w e k th a i f i be f u d
t ke n p s e s
si n f b y any p e n he th an th wn e he i as
d e li ve it t th R ei ve un d e
s n as p ssibl e
p e n alty f f fei in g all l i m t salv ag e d ubl e h
value f th w e k d a
t e x ee di n g 10 0
taking p s e s i n f h
d if th p e s n n din g
w e k be h wn e he i b und unde a p e nalty f
100
g ive n i e f h f t t th Re eive as
s n as p ssibl e ( ) The Re eive i al s
m
p w e e d ( up n b i nin g s e a h w a ant) s e a h
d s ei e
f
y w e k th at m y be s e e te d ( )

I M

C RA P V I I
a

LAW

TH E

rc

e ction

D E TE NTIO N

B Y S A LV

O RS

15 1

m
he e salvag e s e vi e s
ende ed by th m
m a n de
e w f any ve ssel f h R yal Navy t veRelee we ere
h
a hp
th h g h s e
h p save d
v e
f th
c
l
m s a n e s f th
sal v
as e ve el
Ju s t e d b y h
i
R
de a n n g
be t ken t s me p t
t all
i
( )
f e
w he e the e
a n s ul
V e A dm alty e
C u d th salv d h mas e f th ve ss el
sa ve d
ea h wi hin we n y f h u s af e th
a i v l f h ve ss e l i p
t f ni s h
h
the d ty the R c e ve r w th n f r y e h h r fte r k n
p e i n wre ck f rw rd de c pt n
the c t m
h n e the n e re p rt
the cr et ry Ll y d
B y the n e w M erch nt S h ppin C de
c h n e m ch
c n e q en e pr p d be de the b ve pr vi i n
the cretin
wre c k
e ct n ke
r ht the wn er r et in wre k in
p e n bj e c
ch c nd t n the B rd r de
p e
ive
ry r e edy
the rec very the p en lty w here
le th n
pr p e
n tr d ce the f ll win n e w pr v n
Where
wre ck t ken p e i n
bey nd the
l t
the Un ted K n d
by
Br t i h
b
tr
ch h ip b t h ll f ll w
I f w l e the wr e ck in
p e n he t che
p rt pl c e whe re there
Briti h n l r
he h ll
ke rep t the re ck
ch c n l r
h ll
c nf rm d e ct n r pect there f
I f he rr ve
the Uni ted n d in p e n
wr e ck he h ll de ver
the Re ce i ver
d i t r c t w h ch
p rt pl c e wh ch he r t r i ve
it te
bef r e
rr ve
the United Kin d m he d p e
the wr eck h ther nde r the dire ct i n
c n l r cer
the rw e h
ever he h ll p n r t rr vin the Un t d
Kin d
ve
c nt the wreck
the m nn er
the pr c e
wh i ch he
d p ed the me
the R ce ver the d tr ct
wh c h the p r
pl e
w h ch
r t rr ve
it t
A n y p er n k n de lt in bey n the pr v n
h
e i n h ll l ble
c n v ct n
p e n lty d bl e
the v l e the wre c k
f rthe r
exc eed in
ch p en lty be rec ver ble by
ry pr c eed in
her
w e
h w eve r h
p e n lty re c ve ed
r ly h ll
exc ed

r or cr

on

a re

rr

i t is

t e

of

to

st

as

ig
to

is

to

i io
s a su mma
g
ss
a
5 0
The 3 8 6 th
o
o

e c

to t e con

Se
g

t r

no

ta i g

us o

s.

of

ma

in
a o
o s o
The 3 8 5 th s
i o ma s the
hi s o wn oss ss io , su
t
of T a
may i m os , an d
o
of
a

oa

for

s of

of s u

or

ma

or

of

to his

ir

the

or

If

of

0r o

is

act a s

his

to

in

at

he

co

su

es

w e

a r

is

in

s at any
s

oi ce r, an d s

the
s

om,

in

ua

is

of a

o su a

i
g in
a
, a n d of
has is os
of
i
o t or
s

the
i

of

oss ss o

os s

of

of
an a cou
gi
i , if any, i n and for
of
i
of
is i
in
e
to
s is s ua e
s he
i
s a i
so
ma i g
fa u
o
i g
o
i i o , to pa y as
be ia
s ct o , s a
, on
u
s um not
a u of
, and a
s u mm a
o
o
a
to
a
su
o
a
o
is , so ,
r
, t at n o
100
e
18 Vi ct c 10 4, s 48 6
l7

the

oat,

or

oi cer,

ou

om

of

o ws o

s :

isio

su a

i t to

i
i

o su a

Ki g

li

oss s si o

in

s a

g
of a t s ea,
i s
hi p

a ny

s a

io

o m,

is
is

or

oss s s o

oa

hi

is a
i g

a ny

i mi
m as

to i

os s

and

sa

at

ac

as

s as

ig t ou s
io of i t to
of
a
o

t
ri

ir

o r

ur

r o

our

ic

to

as

is io

of

gs

s u mma

t is

ou

g 200 ,
or ot

of

l h
e s al ag
ai m e d b y
in
ss
f
Y
oi a l
av '
o r for s erv ice
on hi ? h

c r or

an d

g of
to

su

o ose

se

of

ar

o rt,

o s

to

of

o s

is

of

os s ss o

or an

e ci rc u

co

'

IS

CHM

e co

ss

as ,

rt, an

it a

a re r

or l s

s a

15 2

TH E LA W

C u m V
.

II

or

A LV A GE

ular of ce r o r V ice A dmiralty j u dge a s tatem e n t


u p o n oa th s e ttin g ou t
( l ) The p lac e co n di tio n an d circum s tan ce s i n
w hich the s aid s hip cargo or p ro p e rty
w a s at the tim e w he n the s e rvi ce s w e re
re n d ere d fo r w h i ch s a l v ag e i s cl ai me d
( 2 The n a tu re an d duratio n of the s e rvi ce s
The salv or i s to add to hi s statem e nt :
The p ro p ortio n of the valu e o f the said sh ip
c argo
an d p ro p e rty
an d o f the fre ig h t
which he cl aim s for salv age or the v alu e s
at
w hich he e s timate s the said s hip
fre igh t carg o an d p ro p e rty re s p e ctive ly
an d th e s e ve ral a m o u nt s th at he cl aim s for
s al va g e i n re s p ect of th e sam e
( 4 ) A n y oth e r circu m s tan ce s he t hink s re lev an t
to the s ai d cl ai m s
The m as te r or o th er p e rs o n in ch arg e o f the said
sh ip cargo or prop e rty i s to add to hi s s tate me nt :
A cop y o f the ce rti cate of re gi s try o f the
said s hip an d o f the i n dors em e nts the re on
s tatin g a ny ch an g e w h ich to hi s k n owl e d g e
o r be li e f h as occu rre d in the p arti cul a rs
co n tai n e d in s uc h ce rti cate
a n d s tatin g
al s o to the be s t o f hi s k n o wle dg e an d
belief the state of the title to the ship
for the time bein g an d o f the i n cu m
b rances an d ce rti cate s o f m ortg ag e or
s al e (if any ) affe ctin g the s am e an d the
n ame s an d place s of bu sine ss of the o wn e rs
s

an

(6

d in cu mb ran cers

he n me

of

an d

place

e he

the fr ig t

of

bu sine ss

(if any ) of

e siden e
s id s hip

or r

the

D E TE NTION
an d

e h

15 3

be p aid f

the fr ig t to

he he
ee

S A L V O RS

BY

or

v y age

the

s i s t n on
A g n ral a ccoun t o f the qu an ti ty an d n a tu r
o f the ca rg o at the tim
the sal a
s er
vi c s w r r n d r d
T n am an d plac of u s in ss or r si d n c
o f the o w n r o f s u c
an d o f the
carg o
co n s ig n
t r of
a l u s at w i c
T
the said mast r s tima t s
the s ai d s i p cargo an d p ro p rty an d the
fr ig t re s pectivelv or i f
t i n s t in
li u o f s u c
s timat d alu o f the carg o
a co p y o f the s ip s m an ife s t
a m o un ts
T
w ic the m as t r t in s
s ou ld
p ai d as sal ag for the s r ic s
r nd r d
A n a ccur a t lis t of the p ro p rty sa d in
c as s w
r th e s i p i s n o t sa
d
A n a cco u n t o f the p ro c d s of the sal of
the s ai d s ip ca rg o o r p ro p r ty i n ca s s
w r the sam or a ny of t m are s old at
su c
p ort as a for said
T n u m r cap aciti s and con ditio n o f the
cr w o f the sai d s i p at th e ti m the sa id
s rvi c s w r r n d r d
A ny o t r circu m s ta n c s
t i n s r l an t
to the m att rs in qu s ti o n
A s tat m n t o f his willin g n s s to x cut a
n in the sc
o n d i n the fo rm ( W ) g i
dul to the s tatu t in s uc amo u n t as the
o f c r or j udg
m ay x
.

v e
g

e ee e ee
he e
e b e
e e e
e
h
ee he e
he v e h h
e e
e
h
e
e h
he h k
e
he
e v e
h
he
h h
e h k
h be
v e
ev e
e ee
e
e
ve
e he e h
ve
ee
e
h
e
e
he e
e
he
h
e
he be
e
e
h
e
e e ee e ee
he
e he h k e ev
e
e
e e
e ee e
b
ve
he
e
e
h
e
e
.

( 10

(l3

( y)

17 8L 18

c c

Vi t

10 4,

48 6

ca n

vm

15 4

OF SA LV A G E

THE L A W

II

C RA P V I
.

e e eivi n g he s e stateme nts


th
f e
j udg e d e e min e s h
wh i h
m f
th b n d t th
lv i t b g ive n th am un
t
e x eed h alf h value f h p p e ty d
d
m
th s l v
s e nds n i e f th
xed
ee d p if ei the f h
mas e
H m yp
b ve s te men ts i t delive ed him within th
s b t h s h all i
as e un de h A
24 h
e q i e h a g be unladen ( ) I f th ve ssel
be B i ish ship h dete n i n by h salv i
e a e p n th b n d (whi h i be at e s e d b y
n la f e
j udge) bein g sign e d by the
th
m as e ( )
The b nd w hi h if si g ne d ab ad i
e x emp f m stamp d y binds h wn e s f
hip f eig h d a g f h s lvage f e
th
w a ds a a de d ( ) I th as h w eve f ve ssel s
h Q uee n s d
d mi ile d i
wne d by p e s n s
i en i l e d
et i n p sse ssi n
h sal v
mini n
un i l h mas te i a ddi i n t h b n d p
es
s u h s e u i y f h d p e f m an e f i t
n di
h
j dge n side s s uf ie n
ffi e
d
ti n
h s e u i y w ith th
f e
j u dg e
d ep i
wi h him j in ly wi h any the p e s n wh m h
lv
m y app in
If h
salv
d h
f h ve ss e l sa ve d ag ee ( ) h at th b n d
m a te
s h ld be adj di a e d up n i an y V i e A dmi al y
C u t h f e j udg e i
h e a li e s t pp
t an s mit
su h C u t
i th ab s e n e
t i y
th Hig h C u t f A dmi al y
f s u h ag ee me n
c
t
( z) 7
I bi d
W it i n four d ays aft

e o
e

to

no

ta

a o

ou r

e co

su

r a

t,

r,

t e o

as

ts t

os

Sa

or

un

e o

to

co

to

t, to

or

ss

I bid
I bi d
I bid
(6 ) I bi d

( 6)
( 0)
( d)

3.

s.

48 8 , 4 8 9
4 95
491
48 9
4 90.

48 1

or

an

or,

an
,

t,

r o

18 V i

s co

s , at

rocu r

c r or

t e

c r or

ou

r or

t r

t e

ue

or

r, o

to

to

e,

tt

c r

c r or

or

e c

or

c r o

n ot

c r

ro

an

t e

s,

to

ut

r o

or

to

ct

t e

c r or

w r

t e
e

c ;

or an

r o

n no

an

to

no

ro

ar ts

ea
r

er

ro

to

so

or

su

t e c r o to

u r

ro c

e su

t e

or

e sa

ot c

c r or

r r c

or

D E TENT

ION

SA LV O RS

B Y_

e e
h

15 5

h e

s ta t m n ts an d do cum nt s an d d on vm
to him tog t r w it a n o tic o f the a mo un t o f the
on d x d up o n
T
ou rt to w i c
y hi m ( f
the do cum n ts are so s n t i s mp o w r d to adju di
c at
up o n an d nforc the on d an d to d al wit
e n gi
an y s cu rity t at may a
n g
The o n d may
p ro d y the i d n c of any 5 33
ar wi tn ss to the r qu i s it facts wit
o n e a l to
o u t c alli n
g the a tt s tin g wi tn s s ( b)
S alvor
t
If the sal or s o uld l ct n o t to p ro c d as a o
to d etai n
as n o p ow r to d tai n the s s l or p rop rty ve el
le h p
di n gs to n fo rc
d
H e m ay ow
r ta
ot
r p ro c
g
his clai m as if the A ct had n o t p ass d
11

En g la n d, the
,

e he

he C
e
ee

h h

e b
e h
e
h
h ve be ve
b
be ve b
ev e e
b e be
e
e e
h
e
e
v h ee
ee
b ve
he h
e
e
ve e
e
h eve ke he
ee
e e
e
,

no

reemen t w he n s ig ned ab roa d is exe mpt from


104 s 4 95
s t amp d t
17 8; 18 Vi t
10 4 s s 4 92 493
( g ) 17 to 18 V i t
( h) I b i d s 5 2 6
492 4 94
B the 418 th s ec
10 4 s
( i ) 17 St 18 Vi t
t i on of the n ew M er h ant Sh ipping Code an i mporta n t alte ration
is pr p os ed to be ma de in the f reg oi ng pro v i s i on The sal vo r i s
o l on g e r to be au tho ri s ed to deta in the ve ss el or t a ke he r i n t o a
port where there is a V i ce A dmi lty j dg e or on su l He is to
m ke a nd s ig n a nd to re ir e the m as te r f the ve ss el sa ved to
m ake an d s ig n a s tate me n t on ta inin g the p a rt i ulars alrea d
I f the mas te r s ho ld ref e to m a ke the re ui red
s et ou t
the n the v s el may be detai n ed u n til the s tate
s ta teme n t
m e n t i s made or s e u rit for the s al vag e to the sa ti s fa ti on o f
the onsular of e r or j udg e g i ven The s ta temen t to be evi den e
f al l m tte rs
n tain ed i n i t and
on be hal f of the A d m iral t
a y p e rs on maki n g a fals e r epr s e n tat i on i n i t i s to be g u i lt of
p erj ur
(f

The

c
c c
c

c c

ag

v.

ra

us

e s

c y
c
y

ss

nu

ss

c e

s as

a on

ro

15 6

CHAPTE R I X

RE COVER S ALV AGE

PRO CEEDING S TO
Cum

IX

salvor m ay according to the amoun t cl ai med


or the v al u e o f th e p r operty sue fo r the recovery of
s al v ag e b y p roceeding s i n the Hig h C ourt o f A d
miralty o r i n a coun ty cou rt pos s essing A d miralty
j uri s diction or be fore two j u s tices of the peace ( a )
TH E

J u ris di cti on

an d

Pr a cti ce

the

A dmir a lty

H ig h Cour t Qf

A dmi ralty ha s

j u ri s diction to en ter
t ain suits for salvag e w her e v e r the se rvice m ay h ave
been ren d ered I t fo rmerly could n ot en tertai n a
salvag e su it u n le s s the sal v ag e took pl ace on the
T his r e s tricti on was ho wever re
hig h se as ( b)
moved by an A ct p as s ed i n the e arly ye ars of the
p resen t reig n ( c) which g ave to the C ourt j uris
diction to decide al l clai m s an d deman ds wh a tsoever
in the na tu re of salvag e for s e rvices rendered to any
of

The C ou rt

c o
lv g

A ti n at
l a w for
sa

a e.

o
o o v

A s t w hen an acti n at l aw w ill lie for sal a g e, s ee


Cha p ma n , 2 H Bla k s t ne, 2 5 4 ; L ips n
Ha r
Ni ch ls n
Ca s tell a i ne
Th mp s n , 13 C B N S
r is n , 2 2 L T 8 3
Wal ters, 3 B 81 P 6 12 Chitty on Pl eading ,
Newma n
105
6th edit vol ii p 49
( b) The Two Fri en d s , 1 C Bob 2 7 1
65 , s 6
( c) 8 80 4 V i t

(a)

c o
v
o

c c

o v
.

UR S D C T

ION OF

g oin g

O U RT

OF A DM

I RA LTY

15 7

vessel or in the n a tu re o f towag e CH M


an d to e n fo rce th e p ay m en t the reo f whethe r such
s hip o r vessel w a s withi n the body o f a co un ty o r
upon the hi g h sea s a t the tim e whe n the se rvices were

re n de red ;
an d by a s u bsequ e n t st a t u te ( cl it w a s p ro
vi de d th at s u bject to ce r tai n rest rictio n s
( th a t is to
sa
y n ow whe re the v a lu e o f the p rope rty s aved is o v e r
an d the cla i m for s alv a e is o v e r
g
the Hi g h C ou rt o f A d mi ralty sh all h ave j u ri s dic
tion to decide upon al l cl ai m s whatsoe v e r rel a tin g to
s al v ag e whethe r the serv ice s in re s pect o f w hich sal
vag e i s cl ai m ed were pe rfo rmed upo n the hi g h s e as
o r w ithi n the body o f a n
y cou n ty o r p ar tly i n on e
pla ce an d p ar tly in the oth er an d whether the
wr eck is fo u n d at s ea or c as t u po n the lan d o r
p artly in the s ea an d p artly o n lan d ( c)
The C o u rt o f A d m i ral t y had as has b e e n poi n ted
out in a p revio u s ch apte r (f ) fo rm erly n o ju ris dic
tion to awa rd co m pe n s atio n for li fe s alvag e whe n
This
n o t co n n ected with the s a l v ag e o f p rope rty
has bee n re medied i n the Me rch an t S hippin g
A ct 18 5 4 which e n ables the C o u rt to dec ree a
rea so nable am oun t o f s alv ag e to those who re n de r
a s s ist an ce i n s av i n g the lives o f the per so n s belo n g
in g to any ship or bo at st ran ded or in dist ress o n the
sho re o f any s ea or tidal wate r with in the li mits o f
ship

o r s ea

c c
o t
v
i

10 4, s 47 6
18 V i t
n u rren
j u ri s d ic
( e) The Hig h C u r of A d m ral t has a
u e P r ts ,
of the C in q
s al a g e w thi n the b u nd a r
n as
an d i t rema ns u na e cte d b y th s A ct ( The M a ri a L u is a , S wa
A s to the u r s d ti n of thes e p rt s in sa l a g e ases , see
1 8L 2 Geo 4 ,
7 6 By the 42 6 th se ti n of the new Mer ha nt
ur s di t n of
al
a b l s h the l
S h ppi ng Co de, i t i s p r p s ed
the Ci nqu e P r s i n s al a g e a ses
Chap 1, W e, p 16

d ) 17

ti o

to

j i ic o

ot

'

o o to
v c

co c

oi

c o

c
oc j i c io

1x

15 8

O F SA L V A G E

THE L A W

CH A P 1x
.

the Un ited Ki ng do m
By a subsequen t st atute ( 5 )
these provi sion s were extended to ca ses of li fe s al
vag e from a B ritish ship or bo at wheresoever the
service mi g ht have be e n ren de red and from any
forei g n ship an d boat where the se rv ices h ave bee n
re n de red eithe r wholly or in p art i n B ri tish w ate rs
These section s h ave been held to apply to the p re
servation of the li ve s of the p asseng ers belong in g to
a ship an d to be n o t co n n ed to those o f the s ea
,

m en ( i )

C erti ate
s ts ,
fo r
w h ere n e
ce s sary

co

section of the Me rch an t S hippin g


it is p rovi ded tha t if s alvo rs suin g
A ct 18 5 4
i n the Hi g h C ourt of A dmiralty do n o t recover a
g rea te r su m th an 2 0 0 they sh all n o t reco v er any
costs u nless the C ou rt certies t h at the c ase is a t
on e to be tried i n a s upe rio r cou rt
an d this
rest riction is still fu rther incre ased by the recen t
A ct con fe rrin g A dm iralty j urisdi ction upon the
C oun ty C ourts the 9th section of which p rovides
i f an pe rs on sh al l t ake i n th e Hi h C ourt
tha
g
y
or in any s uperior court
of A dm iral ty o f E n g l an d
p roceedi ng s which he mig ht witho u t ag reemen t
h ave t aken in a coun ty court except by order of
the j udg e of the Hig h Court of A dmi ralty or of
such su perior court or of a coun ty cour t having
A d miral ty jurisdiction an d sh all not recove r a su m
exceeding the am oun t (in clai ms for salvag e 3 00) to
which the j urisdi ctio n of the Coun ty C ourt in th a t
A dmiralty c ause is li mi ted by this A ct ; an d also if
By

the

4 6 0th

(g ) 17 8t

18 V i t c 104,
10, s 9
( h) 24 V t
(i ) The F usi leer, 3 4 L
18 V
k) 17
c 10 4,
i) Ib d

ic c
.

45 8

i ct

Ad 2 5
s 4 60

UR S D CT

IO N

C U RT O F

or

A DM

15 9

I RA L TY

p erson without ag reem e n t sh all exc ept by C


Ix
orde r a s afo re s aid t ake p roceedi ng s as to s alvag e i n
the Hi g h C o u rt o f A d mi ralty o r i n any s u p erio r
C o u rt i n re s pect o f p rope rty s aved the v alue o f
w h ic h whe n s aved does n o t exce e d
he sh a ll
n o t be e n titled to costs an d sh all be li abl e to be co n
de mmed in co s ts u n le s s the j u dg e o f the Hig h C o ur t
o f A d mi ralty o r o f a s u pe rio r C ou rt be fo re who m
the c ause i s t ri e d o r he ard sh all ce rtify th at it was
a p rop e r A d m i ra lty c au s e to be t ried i n the Hi h
g
C o urt o f A d m i ralty of E n g l an d or in a s u pe rio r
C ou rt
I n the abse n ce of S peci al ci rcu m st an ces the C rti t
h
ts
C ou r t h as frequ e n tly r efu s ed to ce rti fy so as to t d
b u t it has bee n s ai d
e n title the salvo rs to cost s
th a t the C ou rt w ill ce rtify whe n the re are ci rcu m
stan ce s o f dii culty or pecul i arity su ch as q u e s tio n s
upon the co n s tru ctio n o r e ffect o f an ag reem e n t
m ade a t s ea o r whe re there is o nly o n e j u s tice o n
the s pot an d he an i n te rested p arty
o r whe re
un fo u n ded ch arg es o f m iscon d u ct a re m ade ag ai n st
the salvo rs ( p ) I t has g ran ted a ce rtic ate whe re
the c aptai n of the ve s s el s alved sailed away h avi n g
the n am es an d a dd re s se s of he r
re fu sed to g ive

an

rI A P

ca e o f

e ke

(m) 3 1 8r 3 2 V i ct c 7 1, s 9
( n ) The F eni x S wa 13 ; The Wi l li a m an d J ohn ,
.

Br

L
S ee The C mte Nesselr d e,
49 The Mi nn eha ha , Lus h 3 35
w here, t here b ei ng n o s p e i al i r u m s tan es , the C urt refus ed
s ts , n tw i ths tandin g i t a w ard ed the sal
rs 10 0
to erti fy for
ins te ad o f 4 0, w hi h had b een tendered
( ) The J hn , Lu s h 11 13
( P) The F en ix , 13 16 I t is t b e b s erved, h w e er, that
no w t hat the u ri s di ct i n o f the C u n ty C u rts i n sal ag e as es
has a lm s t, if n ot entirely, s u ppla nted that of the u s ti es , t he
C u rt o f A d miral ty may requ i re a s tr n g er ase for ert i ate to
b e m ad e ou t than i t did w hen the C u rt of the u s ti es wa s the
n ly on e that s hared its uris di ti n
,

co

o
c

vo

c c

o
o

c o

o v
v c
j c
c
c
j c

16 0
C HA P

IX

OF

L AW

TH E

SA

LVA G E

own e rs and the s alvors afterw ard s s u ed i n the Hig h


C ou rt o f A d m i ralty an d we re a w arded on ly 5 0
a nd al s o whe re the C ourt p ron oun ced a te n de r fo r
2 8 2 su f cie n t
I n th a t c a s e the C ou rt took i n to
con sidera tion th e s m all differen ce betwe en the s u m
te ndered an d the lim its o f the C ou n ty C o u rt ju ris dic
tion
(r)
B y the n in th section o f the C oun ty C ou rt s A d
powe r i s res e rved to the
miral ty Ju ri s diction A c t
C ou rt o f A dm iralty to allow c au s es which mig ht h ave
been brou g ht in the C ou n ty C ou rt to b e in s tituted i n
that C o u rt The C ou rt has in the ex erci s e o f this
power in s eve ral i n s tan ce s g iven s u ch leave to
i n s titu te c aus e s where the a m o u n t clai m ed b rou g ht
the c a se within the jurisdictio n o f the C ou n ty
C o u rt
I t ha s allo wed a s u it for s alvag e to be so i n stituted
where the sal v ing ves sel ha d en tered in to an ag ree
men t to to w the oth er ve s s el fo r a s pecic s u m an d
cl aim ed s alvag e on the g rou n d tha t a fter the m akin g
o f the con t ra ct th e di f cu lty o f the e n t erp rise in
c reas ed so th at she becam e en titled to s alvag e ; an d
it w as s ug g ested tha t a question o f law wou ld arise
a s to whethe r u n de r the ci rcu m st an ces o f the ca se
,

L ea

to

su e

i n A d mi
ra lty C u rt

Bu t see The J hn , L u sh 11,


where the ma s ter, w i th u t an y ma l e fi d es , an d a fter the s a l rs
had a n pp rtun i ty of ha i ng the ase ad u d i ated u pon b y the
l al mag is trates, t k the ess el to L n d n, t he C u rt of A d
miral ty refu s ed to ertify S ee al s The M i n n eha ha , where the
Pri y C un il, i n a wa rding sa l rs 5 0, erti e d t hat the as e
w as a pr p er one t b e tri ed in a s u peri r
u rt , Lu sh 3 3 5 35 4
A nd s ee The Cheru bi m, I ris h 19 L T N S 5 2 T he Ni l a i
H ei n ri h, 17 J u rist, 32 9
S ee als as t erti ate
( r) The Hi de/na n , 3 L R A d 15
for sts, The Yowng J a/mes, I b id 1
( 3) 31 8t 32 V i t c 7 1, s 9 S ee als s e ti ns 6, 7 , 65 8

( q) The A lp ha Lu s h

o o

oc

o c
o

89

oo

vo

o o

vo

c
o co

co

co

oc

o c o

PRA CT CE

O F TH E C O U RT

the tow ag e con tract


s alvag e ( I)

P r oceedi ng s i n

S a l vag

of

C ou rt

suit in th e

A DM

the

ig ht to

a r

am

p,

A d m iral ty m ay be
S al va g e s u it s are

either
i n p erso na m o r i n r e m
al most
i nv ariably o f the l a tt er cl ass The c au se is co m
m e n ce d by li ng i n the Reg is t ry o f the C ou rt a
p raecipe to institute ( u) T his docu m en t is headed
wi th th e n am e of the C our t an d the n u mbe r an d
n am e o f the c a use
I t st ates the n a tu re o f the
c ause the n ame s add re s s es an d desc ription s o f the
pl ain tiffs ; th e n am e o f the s hip o r the des crip
tion of the p rope rty p roce e ded a ai n s t an d the
am ou n t o f th e cl ai m which sho u ld be pu t at a s u m
suf cien t to cove r the de man d an d the p rob able
costs ( at ) of the su it y )
The p raecipe m u s t also g ive an add ress fo r servi ce
within th ree miles o f the G e n eral Post o f ce
The n ext step is to obta in the arre s t o f the p roperty A st
th p
For thi s purpose a p r wmp e f or a wa rr a n t and an p ty
.

1x

S u it

Res

16 1

I RA LTY

super seded by

wa s

A r res t

OF

rre
e

er

( t) The B eng a l, L R 3 Ad
.

14

( a ) S ee for m, p os t

o c ov c o

s ts
er
30 0 i s g en erall y add ed t
The pl ai n tiff s h u l d l ai m su cien t,
A d Rul es, 5 , 6
as i n the even t of the essel b ei ng r elea sed on hai l, the C urt
He mus t,
wil l n ot rdi narily d ire t the b a il to b e i n reased
h w e e r, b e arefu l n ot to la i m too m u h, as the C urt l k s
w i th d is fa ur u p n ex rbita nt d e ma n ds, a nd ma y w i th h ld
n d emn the p lain ti ff i n them , w hen the au s e i s
sts , or even
i ns titu ted for an ex essi e s um S ee The E ar l Gr ey, 1 S pinks,
A d 106 ; a n d se e The V i ct r,
18 0 ; The Chi efta in , 3 2 L
S ee fu r ther as
Lu s h 7 2 ; The Temz s co u a ta , 2 S pi n ks , 208
t the practi e of the C u rt, t he w rks of Mes srs Wi lliams
te on the su b e t
a n d Bru e, a n d Mr C
( 2) A d Ru les, 7

(3 )

o v

vo

co

v
c

co

c
.

oo

oo
o

'

o
j c

of

ro
.

16 2
Ca n

IX

or S A LVA G E

LA W

T HE

prep ared The


praecipe con tain s p ar tic ul ars similar to tho s e set forth
in the praecipe to in s tit u te an d p rays th at the wa rran t
to arrest may iss ue The a i davi t sets forth the n am es
an d d escri ptio n s o f th e pl a in tiffs the n atu re o f the
clai m the n ame o r n atu re of the prope rty an d the
fact th at the cla i m i s u n s a tised O n these docu me n t s
being led the warran t i s sues directed to an d m ust
be served by the M arshal of the C ourt o r his
substitute ( a)
A p r a mp e j b r s ervice desc ribin g
the p roperty statin g where it is situ ated and p ray
ing th a t it m ay be a rrested
is then left at th e
M arshal s of ce ; an d th e service which must be m a de
withi n six m on ths from th e date of the warran t ( a) is
e ecte d in the ca s e o f a ship by afxin
g the ori g in a l
w arran t for a short ti me to the m ainmast an d th ere
le avi ng the copy afxed in its ste ad This arrest
extends n o t only to the s hip but to its appu r
tenan ces an d eve n s ail s an d ri g g i n g t aken as ho r e fo r
safe custody ( d) If freig ht he p roceeded ag ain st the
carg o on bo ard may be arrested as a secu rity fo r wha t
is due ( e) I f it be o n boar d the ship it is arrested with
the ship I f warehou sed a sep arate ar rest is made (f )
q
i davi t

to le a d the wa rr ant,

a re

'

'

( a) S ee Ad Ru l es,

to

ti

8
14
A de a ner may b e ob ta ned to
de a n pr per where it i s like l
b e rem ed ou t of the uri s
di ti n b ef re the wa rra nt can b e s er ed b y the Mars ha l
It
d es not n nue i n f r e after three da s fr m da e, or after
ser
eof warran I t i s , h w e er, s eld m res rted , a s the Mar
s hal g enerall pr
eed s wi th pr m
S ee A d Rules , 15
p u de
( b) See f rm, p s t
to) Ad Ru les, 166 , 16 7 , 16 8
d
he A lexa nd er, 1 D ds 2 7 8 The D und ee, l B ag
z
lo
9) The L eo, L ush 4 44
The L ad y D urha m, 3 Hag g 196
20
the effe of arres on hose cl a m ng to ha e p os
( f ) As
s ess ory l ens, see The H a r m n i e, 1 W R
ob 17 9
The N rds
.

ti
c o
o
vic

ty

o
co ti

t
y oc
o
o

oc

y to

o v
o

tit

to

gia
8
i

ov

to

ct

i i

PRA C T CE

OF

TH E

O U RT

O F A DM

I RA LTY

16 3

the vessel is arrested it c an n ot be rem o v ed C H I X


witho u t the o rder of the C ou rt
an d an
y p ers o n
i n te rfe rin g wi th the arres t without this o rde r m ay be
a tta ched h
The M ars h al o n the w arran t bei n g
( )
e xec u ted e n do rs es on it a ce rtic a te o f the s e rv ice
Thi s is fo rw ard e d to the plai n tiff s solicitor who m u s t
le it i n the Re g istry within s ix d ays o f the se rvi ce
a ccom p an ied by a m i n u te st atin
g th e n a tu re o f the
docum e n t an d the d a te o f li ng i t
I f th e p rope rty be al re a dy u n de r arrest then P
di g
if p op ty
i n ste ad o f a w arran t the plai n tiff s solicitor obtai n s l d y
d
i n the s ame way a s he wou ld a w arran t a ci ta tion in
t
r em
T his docum e n t which con tai n s p articular s
n e arly si mil ar to th o s e in the w arran t an d i s se rved
a n d the retu rn led in th e s am e w a
y direct s the M ar
sh al to cite all p ers o n s clai m ing to b e in terested in
the p rop erty to e nter an appearan ce in th e c au se
withi n six days The plain tiff s solicitor takes o ut at
the s am e tim e as the ci ta ti on in r e m a cavea t ag ain st
t h e rele as e o f the p rope rty an d has it e n te re d in th e
c avea t relea se book The c aveat releas e re main s in
fo rc e fo r s ix m on ths a n d ope rates to p reve n t the
to the p arty
rele a se
o f the vessel without n otice
e n te ri ng it ( l)
O n ce

AP

roc ee
r

oo

S w a 2 6 0 The Flor a , 1 Hag g 2 98 ; The B l mer, 11


L T N S 46 a n d the A meri a n a s es, Ta yl r Ca rry l, 2 0
Ho w 5 8 3 Certa i n L g s of M a hog an y, 2 S u mu 5 8 9
(9) A d Rul es , 4 6
( h) The P etr el, 3 Hag g 2 99 ; The L a d y B les si ng t n, 3 4
L J A d 7 3 ; The B a re, 14 Ju ri s t, 112 3 The Westm rela n d ,
4 N tes of Ca es , 17 3
( 73) A d Ru l e s , 14
( lo) S ee A d Ru les , 14, 17 2, 16 0
l
s, 16 , 17 , 17 4
S
ee for the p ra ti e w here
A
d
R
u
e
Z
S
ee
( )
the wner of the pr pe rty wis hes t e nter a a eat ag ai ns t the
i ssu e of a warrant of a rr es t, A d Ru l es , 5 5 , 5 6 , 5 7 , 5 8 , 5 9, 6 0,
an d 6 1, 17 4, 17 5 , 17 6
M 2

j ernen
.

o v
.

er

arre s

cv

c c

er

a re a
un

164
G Il A P

IX

OF

LAW

TH E

SA

LVA G E

A pp ear a n ce
W h o m ay
a p p ear
.

pers on havin g an in terest in the p rope rty


p roceeded ag ai n s t may appear a n d defe n d M o rt
a ssi n ees o f a
b an k ru pt
g
g ag ees (an ) of a ship
owne r ( n ) u n de rwrite rs who had a ccepted the ab an
do n m en t o f in s u red p rope rty ( o) an d sea me n whose
wag e s mi g ht be affected by the p roce e di n g s h av e
been held en titled to app ear ( p )
Per son s who s e in te rest i s m erely collate ral how
e v er an d who h ave n o i n tere s t in the s u bj ect matte r
o f the p r oceedi n s are n o t a llowed to i n te rve ne
q)
g
The ru les requ ire th at the app e aran ce should be
c
en te red within s ix days a fte r se rv ice of the w arran t ;
b u t th e pl ai n tiff c ann ot p roce e d to j u dg m e n t for de
fault o f appe aran ce u n til tw elve d ays after the li n g
o f the w arran t
L ea ve to a pp ear m ay as a
g en eral rule be obt ain e d a t any s t ag e of the p roceed
in g s o n m otion o r s u mm o n s ; b u t the j u dg e m ay
i mpos e term s whe re the p arty apply i ng has been
g u ilty of lache s
The app e ara n ce is e n te red by li ng i n the Reg ist ry
a p raecipe to en t er an a pp e aran ce a copy o f which
m ust h ave be en p re v iously s e rved o n the pl a in tiff s
solicito r The p raecipe co n t ain s the title nu mbe r
an d n ame o f the c au s e ;
the n am e a ddres s an d
A ny

Ti m e for
a p p earan

e.

en te r e d

(m) The J u li n clur 1 S pinks 7 1


(n ) The B o wthorp e, 2 W Ro b 7 3
,

S ee The S t Ca theri n e,

3 Hag g 25 1
L 315
The Ca rg ex G a la m,
( ) The Reg i n a d el Ma re, B
bid 16 7
( p ) The Un i n, Lu sh 128
( q) The Ki lla rn ey, u sh 42 7 The B wth rp e, n bi sup r a
A s to the pra ti e w here there a re se eral l a mants, s ee The
The Willi a m H utt, Lu s h 2 5
C l a r a , S wa 1
( r) A d Rul es , 38 , 19
.

c c

o
c i
.

PRA C T CE

OF

OF

C U RT

TH E

A DM

I RA L TY

16 5

desc riptio n o f the p a rty app earin g an d th e c ap acity C m I X


in w hi c h he a ppe ar s ; the nam e a dd re s s an d d e
sc ription o f the pl ain tiff ; a descriptio n o f the pro
pe rty p roceed e d ag ai n st an d an add re s s for s e rv ice
w ithi n th ree m iles o f the G e n e ra l Post of ce
W he re the defe n d an t i n te n ds to obj ect to the A pp
d
j u risdicti on o f the C o u rt he appe ars u n der p rotest p t t
T hi s is don e by in s e rti ng i n the o rdi nary p raecipe

fo r a ppe aran c e the w o rds


un de r p rote s t
The
de fe n d an t within twel v e d ays afte rwards les his
petition on p rotest the ple adi ng s then p roceed as in
oth er c as e s ( u ) an d the C ou rt decides whethe r the
c ase i s to g o on or j u dg m e n t be g ive n for the de
fe n d an t o n the petitio n on p r ote s t which p u ts an en d
to the c au s e The m ore u s u al cou rse howe ve r W he re
the obj e ctio n can be ra i s e d on the pl ai n ti ff s p etitio n
is to m ov e to rej e ct it
W he re n o a ppe aran ce ha s bee n en te red within P o c di g
f
d f lt
twel v e d ays fro m the lin g o f the w arrant or a f p p
fu rthe r pe riod o f s i x d ay s fro m the a dve rtise me n t o f
s ati s ed th at
n otice o f s ale the C ou rt u po n bei n g
the cl ai m o f the plai n tiff is well foun ded will o rd er
the p rop erty to be app rai s ed an d sold an d the pro
cee ds to be p ai d i n to the Re g ist ry
The pl a in tiff to obtai n the s ale les iii the Re
The
g is try a p rae cipe p rayi n g a n otice o f the s ale
n otice o f s ale which i s i s s u ed an d sig n ed by the
u

ea r an ce

un

er

ro

es

ee

or

S ee A d Ru l es , 3 5 , 36, 3 7 , 38
( t) S ee A d Ru l es , 36
S ee A d Ru l es , 7 0
(x ) The Gr ea t E a s ter n , L R 1 A d 3 8 4 The S y lp h, L R
S ee on t he s a me s u bj ect, The A l exa n d er L a r s en , 1
2 A d 24
W Ro b 2 8 8 The B o l d B u ccleu ch, 7 Notes of Ca s es , 3 4 3 The
The Pu r is szma C on cep ci on , 7 Notes of
E l eo n o re, B at L 18 5
Cas es, 15 0
.

'

e au

an ce

ea r

16 6
C R AP

Ix

OF

LA W

TH E

SA

LVA G E

Reg i strar is ad v e rti s ed in two o r m ore p u blic j ou r

n als s elected by the j u d e


g e n e rally the Times
g

Me rcan tile an d S hippin g G az ette an d a local


j ournal Notice of m otion to have the p roperty sold
i s the n led in the Re g istry an d the C ou rt i s m oved
by coun sel u pon an affid avit of the adverti s em e n ts
an d o f n o a ppe aran ce
The plain tiff mu st be pre
p ared wi th s om e p roof o f his cl ai m b u t the af
davit to lea d the w arran t will i n m ost c as es be foun d
suf cien t fo r the purpose
A comm i s sion o f s ale an d app raiseme n t whi ch is
issu ed o u t o f the Reg istry on the applic ation o f the
plain ti ff s solicitor i s the n h an ded to the M arshal o f
the C ourt who exec u te s it an d p ays the proceeds in to
The pl ain tiff m ay within six d ays a fte r the
C ou rt
p ayme n t i n by lin g a n otice in the Re g istry have
the c au se p u t in the li s t fo r h eari ng an d withi n th e
s ame time le his p roofs which in un de fen ded
c auses n eed n o t be p rin te d The c au s e w ill then
be heard on an e arly day like a short c au se i n
C han ce ry an d the C ou r t m ay g ive nal jud g me n t
an d determ in e the ri ht s o f all p arties i n te rested
g
,

Releas e

B ai l

defen dant may shou ld he desi re n ot to hav e


the vessel de t ain ed u n til the te rmi natio n o f the su it
pu t in b ail o r pay mo n ey i n to C ou rt i n lieu o f
bail
The am oun t o f b ail depe n ds u pon the v alue o f the
The

ail .

on

A m un t

( 2 ) See A d Ru les ,

19, 2 0, 2 1, 2 2 , 2 3, 2 5 , 103, 12 4, 12 5 ,
A d 7 3 ; The
126
S ee al s The L a dy B lessi ng t n, 3 4 L
S ee as to s et ti n g aus e d wn a s
A n a V a/n. L i ng e, S wa 5 14
a ea t warran has b een ente red
ases w here a
u n defen d ed i n
,
A d Rul es ,
.

cv

PRA C T C E

TH E

OF

C U RT or A D M

IRA LTY

16 7

p rope rty n o t the exte n t of the claim ; an d however CH i x


la rg e th e am ou n t claim ed may be the defe n d an t is
e n titl e d to the rele as e of his vessel o n g i v in g b ail to
the valu e The pl ai n tiff sho u ld s ee tha t b ail is
taken to the p roper am ou n t as after the relea se
o f the ve s s el hi s o n ly re m edy is on the b a il bo n d
an d hi s lie n o n the p rope rty is
The v alue
g o ne ( a )
fo r the pu rpose o f b ail is g e n e ral ly a g reed upo n ; the
d e fe n dan t m ay howe v e r i n s ist o n h a vi n g the pro
pe rty app raised an d the app raise m e nt is co n clu s ive
Upon a settle m e n t o f the c as e the b a il m ay be D i h g
fw
ti
di s ch arg ed by o rde r m ade in C ou rt o n m otion to
di smi s s the m from the sui t A n alleg ation by the
p l ai n ti led i n the Re g ist ry howeve r to the e ffect
th at he p roceeds n o furthe r in the action is in p rae
tic e g e n e rally co n sid ered en ou g h
B a il m ay be t ake n i n the Re g istry or be fore 3 Mod f
w g b l
co mm i s s io ne r The solicito r putti ng i n b ail les
i n the M ars h a l s of ce a p rae cipe fo r n otice o f
b ail s tatin g the a m o u n t the n am e a dd ress an d
description o f the p arty on whose beh alf b ai l is
put i n ; the n am e s addresses an d description s o f
the s ure ties an d of th e i r re fe ree s G e n e rally two
s u reties are requ i red
an d they m ust n o t be p ar t
T he solicito r will the n receive fro m the
n e rs
M arsh al n otice o f bail which m ust be se rved u po n
the opposi te solicitor The M ars h al i n qu ires i n to
the su fcie n cy o f the bail The
on
a n d repo rts
AP

sc

ar

re

es

'

e o

in

( a ) The K a l a maz oo 15

J uri st

co

8 8 5 S ee a l s The Temis ua ta ,
N stra S en or a d el Ca r mi n e, 1 I bi d 303 The
2 S p i nk s , 2 0 8
H er , 13 W R 92 7 The V lan t, 1 W Ro b 38 3 The H el en e ,
an d The J ha nn es ,
3 5 L J A d 1 The F l r a , L R 1 A d 45
L J N tes , 2 9th A pri l, 18 7 0
( b) The Cor ner , 33 L J A d 16

al

'

16 8

THE

LA W

OF

LV A G E

SA

plain tiff s solicitor m ay object to the suffi cie n cy


I f howeve r the M ars h al s hou ld repo rt on the s u ffi
cienc
an d n o obj e ctio n be take n the b ail bo n d m ay
y
be exe cu te d afte r twen ty fou r hou rs fro m serv ice o f
n otice o f b ail o r s oo n e r by con s e n t
cuti o
E
A p raecipe fo r the b ail bon d is le d at the Re g ist ry
l
a cco m p an ied b y the n otice of b a il with se rvice en
hhgdl
The bon d
d ors e d an d the r eport o f the M ars h a l
is th en p rep ared i n the Re g istry an d at the ti me
appoi n ted the p artie s a tte n d th ere an d execute it ( e )
The bon d m ay al s o be t ake n by a s tan di n g o r
speci al comm i s s ion
The rele as e o f th e p rope rty m ay be obt ain ed by pay
P ym t f
i to
If
in g in to C ou rt the am ou n t cl aim e d i n the s u it
the c arg o b e arre s ted fo r frei g ht i ts rel eas e m ay be
obta in ed by ling an a ffid av it of the v alue o f the
fre ig ht an d p ayi n g i n th e su m which i s to be t aken
a t the a m o u n t l e ft a fte r dedu cti n
g the stipula ted
allow an c e s an d the co s t o f p ayi n g i n ( e )
Th e de fe n d an t is e n titled as soon a s the v alue o f
V l ti o
the property is a sce rta in ed an d th e ba il com pl e ted
to h ave the ves s el
or the m o n ey p aid i n to C ou rt
rel e a sed
I n s al vag e c ases th e va lue mu st rst be
a reed an d the ag ree m e n t led o r if the p arties do
g
m ade by so m e on e
n o t a ree an a ffid a vit o f v alue
g
a cqu ai n ted with the v al u e m u s t be m a de an d led
I f the plai n tiffs are dis s a tised with th e a fd avit o f
Ca n

ix

xe

'

en

a ua

re

'

( 0) A d Rul es , 39, 40, 4 1, 42, 43 , 4 4,


.

an d

45 ; The Ta ma r a

Lu sh 28
( d ) S ee
( e) See Ad Rules, 4 8 , 49, 12 7 , an d The V ictor, L ush 7 2
The L eo, I b id 4 4 4 The Nor th A mer i a n , I bi d 7 9 The A n n i e
The N r wa y,
Chi ld s, I bid 5 09 The Ed m n d , I b id 2 11
B db L 3 7 7
.

PRA C T CE

OF

THE

O URT

OF A DM

I RA LTY

169

v al u e they e n ter a c av e at a ai n st the rele ase an d the C


Ix
m a tte r th en co m es be fo re the C o u rt o n m otion to
o v e rru le the c av e at an d the C o u rt will i f the j u s
tice o f the c a s e req u i res it o rde r an a pp rai s e m e n t
to be m ade an d the v e ssel released o n bail bein g
g ive n t o the a pp ra ised v a lu e (f
I f the pl a in ti ffs obj ect to the s u ffi cie n cy o f the R l
s u reties the C o u rt m a
y eithe r o v e rrule the objectio n
o r o r d e r n e w s u reties to be fo u n d
In the ab s e n ce
o f an
y objectio n to th e s ec u rity o r v alue the rel e ase
is obta i n ed fro m the R eg i s try on li ng a p raecip e for
rele a se
which s tate s the n atu re o f the c au s e an d
p rope rty &c an d the b ail g iven an d n o c ave at
a a i n st rele a se en t ere d
The rele as e i s then t a k en
g
to the M ars h al w ho rele ases the p rope rty o n pay
m e n t o f hi s fe e s ( g )
T he d el ay i n g the rele a se o f a ve s s e l o n iusu f
m
g
g zi
ci en t g roun d s m ay b e p u n i s hed by th e C ou rt
by the con de mn a tio n o f the p arty in d am ag es an d
cost s ( h)
g

an

e eas e

re

P lea di n r/s

by petitio n P titi o
m
an d a n s wer
Th e petitio n should b e led i n the
Reg i s t ry within twelve days afte r appe aran ce an d the
A s a g e n e ral
a n swe r twelve d ays a fte r th e petitio n
rule the ple a d i n g s do n o t exte n d beyo n d r eplic a tio n
E a ch p arty howeve r is at libe rty w ithin six d ays
a fte r the lin g o f the a n swe r or an y subsequ e n t ple a d
in

Ple adin g

the

A d miralty C o u rt

is

n an d

en

S ee A d Ru l es , 5 0
( 9) A d Bll les , 5 2 , an d s ee The To wa n , 8 J u ri s t, 2 2 0 ; The
H el en 14 W R 5 0 2 ; The I r on szd es , Lu s h 4 5 8 The E wroPa ,
9 L T N S 781
S ee A d Ru l es, 5 3, 5 4,
( h) The Cor ner, 3 3 L J A d 16
1 7 4, 17 5 , 17 6
.

'

17 0

LAW

THE

CHA P I X
.

OF

SA

LVA G E

oppo n en t to le a furthe r pleadin g i n reply


to th at of the othe r side I n ple adi ng e ach p arty
shou ld accurately set ou t the facts u pon which
he alleg e s di v ided in to p arag raph s c alled ar ticles
The C ou rt will in sist u pon an a dhe re n ce to the
ru le o f p roceedin
g s ee a n dn m a lleg a ta e t p r oba ta
the c ase set
an d a p arty who fails to est ablish
up in hi s pleadi ng will n ot be allowe d to take the
be net o f an othe r state o f facts which may turn up
o n the evi den ce ( k)
The p ar ty who has the rig ht to ple ad fu rthe r may
le a con cl u sion to the ple ading
I n the e ve n t of
his faili n g to do s o within th e ti m e allowed fo r the
n ext ple adi n
g hi s oppo n e n t m ay le the con clusion
A fte r the con clusion h as bee n led an d se rv ed n o
fu rthe r ple adin g t akes pl ace in the c ause without le ave
o f the jud e l)
g (
The ti me for ple adi n g m ay be exten ded by the
j udg e to any pe riod an d by th e Reg ist rar u n til the
n ext s itti n g o f the j udg e i n C h am b e rs ( m)
E ach ple adin g m ust be sig n ed by coun sel an d
ing

of

his

o cl i o
n

us

Ti m e to
p l ead
.

( 13 See
76

%7

Ad

Ru les ,

65

6 6, 6 7 , 68 , 6 9, 7 0, 7 1, 7 2, 7 3, 7 4, 7 5

(h) The P eerles s, L ush

10 3
S ee The D esp a teh, b i d 98 ;
T he E as t L thi a n , l b i d 241
The B othn z a
b id, 5 2 ; The
G e rg e A rkle, b i d 2 22 ; The N r th A mer i a n , S w a 3 5 8 ;
The S hwa l be, b id 5 2 1 ; The H a sw ell , B
2 4 7 ; The
A ma li a , bi d 3 11 ; The L a u rel,
bid 191 ; The E n g lan d ,
5 N tes of Cases , 17 0 ; The L a d y A n n e, 7 b id 3 6 4 3 7 0 ;
The Ma ry A nne, 4 bid 3 7 6 ; The A ur ra , 1 W Rob
3 2 2 ; The A n n e a n d J a n e, 2 W Rob 98 ; The H e be,
b id
The G las g ow P a cket, b d 306 ; The V i rg i l, b d 2 0 1
1 46
2 0 4 ; The S p eed , b d 2 2 5 2 2 7 The I r on mas ter, 6 u ris t, N S
7 8 2 ; The Clar en e, 1 S p nks, 20 6
The S y lph, L R 2

'

I
I

I i

A d 24
( Z) S ee A d Rul es, 7 4, 7 5
(m) See Ad Rules , 15 8

I i
c

I i

PRA CT C E

TH E

OF

O URT

I RA L TY

OF A DM

solicito r an d a copy o f it se rved on the opposite C


IX
p arty ( n )
If a ple adin g fail to show a s u fcie n t g rou n d o f O b j cti o
d mg
t pl
a ctio n
or de fe n ce
the
o r be i n sufcie n t i n fo rm
cour se i s to m o v e the C ourt to rej ect it on n otice
o f m otio n ( to be se rv ed fo u r d ay s b efo re m otio n
d ay) S peci fyin g the obj ectio n s ( o)
The n otice o f
m otio n wi th a ce rtic ate o f s ervic e m u s t be led i n
the Reg i s t ry The C ourt o n heari ng the m otion
m ay hold th e ple adin g to be s u f cie n t or rej ect it
o r o rde r it to b e am e n ded an d
g ran t ti m e for li n g
the am e n ded ple adin g
The plain tiff s s olicito r is withi n ten d ays afte r P i t d
P
the li n g o f the co n clu sion to h a v e the w hole o f the
ple a di n g s p rin t ed an d p rin ted copi e s d eposited i n
the Re g i s t ry
O n hi s fa ili n g to do s o the defe u
d an t m ay m ove to h a ve the c au s e di s m i s s ed with
co s ts ( p )
S ho u ld the de fe n d an t d e si re to make a fo rm al T d i
c
t
te n de r o f the s u m he con s id e rs su f cie n t to s a
tis fy the pl ai n tiff s de m an d he m a y obt a i n a t the
Reg i s t ry a r eceiva b le or der a utho ri s in g the p aym e n t
i nto the B a nk o f En g lan d O f the s u m te n de red A
receipt is g i ven by the B an k for the am o u n t an d a
copy o f the re c e ipt accomp an ied by a n otice th a t
the m o n ey p aid in is te n de red in the action shou ld
be se rved o n the plai n tiff s solicito r an d the n otice
with a ce rtic ate o f the s e rvi ce e n do rs ed i s th en to
be led i n the Reg i s try ( g )
I n p ractice it is u s ua l be fore p ayi ng in the m o n ey
HA P

ns

ea

r n e

co

l es

'

en

ou r

( n ) S ee A d
( 0 ) S ee A d
( p ) S ee A d
( q) See A d

Rul es 7 1, 7 2
Ru les 7 7
Ru les 98
Rules , 12 7 , 128
,

129, 13 0

er

'

17 2
am

LA W

TH E

1x
.

OF

SA

LVA GE

ten de r to the p lai n tiff an d s e rve


I f the
him wi th a w ritte n n otic e o f the te n de r
ten der be accept e d the m a tte r m ay be settled ou t o f
C o u rt
The te n de r m u st either i n cl u de an offe r to pay
costs u p to the ti m e or s tate th at the te n der relates
to the cl ai m o n ly an d s p eci fy the g roun ds u pon
which cost s are n o t ten de red refe rring th a t question
to the con s ideration of the C ou rt
The te n de r i s ple ad e d by the de fen d an t an d the
pl ain tiff repli es H e has a rig ht ho wever befo re
re plyin
g to h ave the v alu e of the p rope rty ascer
tai n e d
I f the pl ain tiff accept s the te n d er the
c a u s e is a t an en d an d the m on ey will be p aid o u t
o n the con clu s ion o f the s u it
I f h e refu se s the
the cau se g oes on an d the C ou rt decide s
amo u n t
upon the s u f cie n cy o f the am oun t ; an d if it holds
it to b e su fci en t it m ay eithe r con de mn the plain tiff
i n cost s o r re fus e him his costs ( t)
to

make

formal

ot

s s.

( q) W ill iams

an d

Bru e, Prac 2 5 8 , n
I n thi s a s e the
( r ) The H i kma n , L R 3 A d 15 19
d efen dants te nd ered a s pe i a m u n t, t g ether w i th s u h

s ts a s may b e d u e b y la w
The pla intiffs o er ed to take the
s u m ffered , if p a id their
s ts u p to the d a y of ten d er, b u t thi s
the defendants refus ed, i ns i s ti n g u p n the s u f
i en y o f the
The au s e w as hea rd, an d t he C u rt hel d t he a m u n t
ten der
tend ered to b e s u ffi i en t I n deali n g wi th the
s ts , the p la i ntif
fs
w ere a wa rd e d the irs u p to the d ate of tend er, b u t ha in re a rd
g
g
to t he u n ertain ty of the p ra ti e, ea h p a rty w a s l eft t pa y
s ts o f the s u b s eq
hi s own
u en t pr
eed i n g s
S ee a ls as t o
s ts i n
as es of ten d er, The J hn , Lu sh 11
The S vereig n ,
I bid 8 5 ; The H p e, 2 W Rob 9 ; The M obi le, S wa 2 5 6 ;
The Ca rg ex H n r, L R 1 A d 8 7 The Fred eri ck, 1 Hag g
2 11
The E le n ra Cha r l tte, I bid 15 9 ; The H ed wig , l
S pi n ks 19
( s ) The A n/ni e Chi lds , Lus h 5 09
( t) The V r u w M a rg a retha , 4 0 Rob 103 The Cl ift n, 3
Hag g 117 12 5 ; The Wi ll i a m, 5 N tes of Cas es , 108

co

c c

'

co

c
co
c

co

o
o o
o o

c
oc

c c

co

c c

PRA C T CE

C URT O F

TH E

OF

E vi den ce
The

I RA L TY

C HA P I X
.

be g i v e n by af d av it de posi
tio n o r vi vd r ace i n C o u rt o r p artly by on e mode
p a rtly by the oth er The solicitors o f the p artie s
m ay co n s en t ( by writi n to be led i n the R eg i s t ry )
g
as
to the mod e in which the e vide n ce sh all be
t ake n o r the j u d g e o n the applica tio n O f e ithe r at
C h a m be rs w ill d i re ct the m ode o f p roo f ( it )
I f eithe r p arty wishes the e v ide n ce to be vi ed voce
the C ou rt will e n e rally s o o rde r it
g
Th e re a re n o pec u li ar ru le s a s to afd avit s i n the A i d i t
C o u rt o f A d m i ra lty
Th ey m ay be swo rn be fore
o n e o f the re ist rars a n ex a m i ne r o r a co mm issio n e r
g
to a d min iste r o ath s in th e C o u rt O f A d m i ralty a
co mm i s sio ner in C h an ce ry a j u stice o f the peace
a n d i n S cotlan d
I rel a n d o r the C olon ies be fo re
the pers o n s by W ho m af d avits are u su all y tak en (y )
W itn esses m ay be o rally ex a mi n ed b efo re the D p o i ti o
Re g i s t ra r o r an ex a mi ne r o f the C o urt o r a speci al
ex am i n e r W he n the exam in e r has g i v e n an appoi n t
m e n t to p roceed with the e vid en ce twe n ty fo u r ho u rs
n otice o f the ti m e
pl ace n am e s an d add res s e s of
the wit n e s s es an d n am e o f the ex ami ne r should be
se rv e d on the ad v erse solicito r
To obta in the appoi n t me n t O f a speci al ex am i n e r
an a pplic a tio n m u st be m a de to the C o u rt o r the j ud e
g
a t C h am b ers fo r a comm i s s io n which o n the o rde r
bei ng O btai ned will be issue d ou t of the Reg is try (z )
e

v ide n ce

AD M

may

av

( u ) S ee A d Rul es , 7 8 , 7 9,
( or) S ee F yler v F yler , 2 S pinks, 6 9 ; The S wa nl an d , I b id
10 7 ; The Res u l ta tet, 17 J u ris t, 3 5 3 ; The G l o ry, 3 W Ro b 18 7
.

8t 4 V t
6 5 , ss 7 to 12 ; an d see A d Ru les , 8 3,
8 4 , 8 5 , an d 8 6
(2 ) S ee A d Ru les, 8 7 , 8 8 , 8 9, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95

ic c

( y ) S ee 3

ns

17 4

LA W

TH E

The

SA

OF

LVA G E

tten dan ce O f wi tn e s s e s m ay be e n fo rced by


subp oena to be i s s u ed o u t O f the Re g i s try ( a )
The e v ide n c e m ay be t ake n down by a sworn
shorthan d w rite r o f the C o u rt who will be ap
poin ted by the j u d g e on the a pplic ation of eithe r
p arty an d at the expen s e in the rst i n stan ce of
the perso n applyin g
O n an O bjection bei n g t ake n to any qu e s tion the
question an d an s we r are t aken dow n sep ara tely an d
a n o te o f the obj ectio n m ade
i
B y the 17
18 V ict c 10 4 sect 4 4 9 it is p ro
g igf gg gf
i
f vided th a t an
ex
ami n a tio n t ake n in w riti n g by the
y
g igig
Receive r of W reck o r by a j u s tic e or a ce rti e d copy
shou ld b e a d mitted in e v ide n c e in any court o f
ju s tice o r befo re any pe rso n h avi n g by law or by
co n sen t of p arties au thority to h ear receive an d
exam in e e v ide n ce a s p r imd f aci e p roof of all m a tters

co n tai n ed in such w ritten ex am i na tion


No twi th
st an ding the wide te rm s u s ed by the L eg i s l ature in
thi s s ectio n the s e depo s ition s ha ve bee n rejected as
eviden ce in the C ou rt o f A d miralty an d in the
I n The L i ttle L i z z ie ( d )
cou rts o f C omm o n L aw
Sir Rob e rt Philli mo re exp res s ed it as hi s opin ion
th at it could n o t h av e bee n in ten d ed by the L eg i s
latu re th a t the pl ain ti ffs in a s alvag e s u it sho u ld
hav e an O pportun ity of m aking u s e of state men ts
m a d e by wit n e s s es w hom the de fen dan ts h ave n o t
had the O pportu n ity o f c ro s s ex amin in g
E ithe r p arty may apply to the j u dg e to x a tim e
s
0 2m

IX

er o

gg
E

( a) S ee A d Rules
( b) S ee A d Rul es,
.

( c) Nor tha rd v

Reid L R 3 A d
( d) Ubi sup ra
,

17 3
94
Pip e

5 7,

17 C B ( N S ) 3 9 ;
3 The L ittle L izz i e, L

M A lln m v

R
.

3 Ad 5 6
.

PRA CT CE

OF

fo r

C O URT O F A D MI RA LTY

THE

17 5

lin g proofs an d the proofs of e ach side m ust be C


Ix
led within th at tim e ( c)
I n con tested c au ses u nless the jud g e s hould P i ti g
vid c
o rde r the con trary all the w ritten e vide n ce must
be p ri n ted E ach solicito r is to lodg e i n the Re
g is try p ri n ted copi es o f his evide n ce within s ix days
of the da
y for li n g when i t con s i sts o f a fd avits
an d withi n twel v e d ays whe n i t co n sists o f afd avits
an d depositio n s o r deposition s alo n e
O n e hun d red
a n d fty copies a re p ri n ted ; seve n ty o f which are
to be deposited i n the Reg i s try and forty han ded
to the opposite solicitor
an

r n

e n e.

The H ea r ing

c ause m ay be placed on the list for he ari ng


after the ti me for depositin
g p ri n ted p roo fs has
expired or afte r the cause has been di rected to be
he ard wholly on oral evide n ce (f )
The c ause wi ll be he ard by the judg e al on e o r T i i ty
M t
as s isted b y Tri n ity M aste rs
The o rd e r fo r the
a tten d an ce o f Tri n ity M a ste rs is to be obt ai n ed on
m otion an d wi ll be g ran ted if both p arties co ncur
i n a ski ng it as a m atter o f cou rse ; an d wh ere only
o n e a pplies if the C ourt in its di s c retion sho u ld see
t to di rect it ( g )
A V iew by the T rin ity M a ste rs may be di rected by Vi w
the C ourt on the app lication o f e ither p arty ( h)
A t the he arin g there are n o O pening sta te ments
m ade the C ou rt at on ce proceeds to the evidence
Th e

rn

as e r s

( e) See A d Rul es , 8 0
(f ) See A d Rul es 10 3, 104, 10 5 , 106
( g ) The H owthand el, l S pinks , 2 5 2 7 ; The Pr i n cess A li ce,
3 W Rob 13 8 , 13 9 ; The J a nm Di xon, 2 L T N S 6 96 The
.

V ar g as , 15 J uri s t, 7 10
( h) A d Court A ct, 18 6 1,
.

18

17 6

OF

LA W

TH E

SA

LVA G E

IX which when w e race is t aken in the s ame m ann e r


as at Ni s i Pri u s
The witn esse s are kept o u t o f
W he n the e v i
C ou rt u n til c alled fo r ex am in atio n
den ce is vi ed r ace on ly o n e cou n sel addre s s e s the
but when o n depositio n two o n e a ch s ide are
C o u rt
h eard
W he re th ere are two set s o f s alvo rs cl aimi ng
C o
x
mi ti o
s al v a e a ai n s t the s am e p rop erty an d the s u its a re
by i l
g
g
]
h eard at the s am e time the C o u rt will allow the
co un s el fo r o n e s et of s alvo rs to c ro s s ex am i ne the
witn esses o f the othe r
C HA P

ss e
-

na

r va

1
ea .
5

E nf or c ng P ay men t o
f S a l vag
'

S al e b y
Re ei er

c v

essel p roceeded ag ain st for s al v ag e be


u n de r arres t or de tain ed by the Recei v e r o f W reck
th e s alvo r s cl a im m ay be e n fo rced by a s ale o f the
p roperty un de r the a uthority o f the Receive r or the
dec re e o f the C ou rt o f A d m i ralty
W h ere the v e s s e l is deta i ned by th e Receive r fo r
n o n p ay m e n t o f th e s u m d u e to the s al v o rs a n d the
p artie s li able to p ay are aware o f the dete n tion
the n
I f the am ou n t be u n disp u ted an d p aym e n t
n o t m a d e withi n twe n ty d ays a ft er it ha s becom e
I f the

du e

o r,

the amo u n t be di s pu ted b u t n o a ppe al lie s


fro m th e rst t rib u n al to w hich the di s p u te i s re ferre d
an d p ay m e n t the reo f be n o t m a d e w ithi n twe n ty d ays
a fte r the deci s io n o f s u ch r st t rib u n al
or
I f i n the l a tt er c a s e a n app eal li es fro m the
d ecision o f the rst tribu n al an d p aym en t is n o t
m a de or appe al p roceedin g s i n s tituted withi n s u ch
If

(i ) The Phi la delp hi a, B

L 28
.

PRA CT C E

IRA LTY

C URT O F A D M

O F THE

17 7

twe n ty days the Recei v e r m ay forthwi th sell the am i x


p rop e rty or a su fcien t p art th e reof an d out o f the
p r oc e eds o f the s ale afte r p ay m en t o f all expe n ses
thereo f defray all su m s o f m o ney due in respect o f
expe n ses fees an d s al v ag e p aying the surplus if
an
y to the ow n e rs o f the p rope rty sold o r othe r the
p arties e n titled to receive the s am e ( h)
I f however the p rope rty det ai n ed be u n der the
v al ue of 5 o r o f so pe ri s h able a n ature or so much
d amag e d th at it c ann ot i n the Receive r s opin io n
be a dvan tag eously kept or if the v alue is n o t sufh
cien t to defray the expe n s e o f warehousin g he may
s el l it
without w aiting for th e expi ratio n of the
twen ty d ays ret aini ng the p roceeds for the s ame
p u rpo s es an d subj ect to the s ame cl aim s as the
p roperty itsel f ( i )
W he n the C ourt o f A dm i ralty decrees a s ale
r
ggfg
which it has the undoubted powe r to do in s alvag e
a n d oth e r c a ses
if the d e man d o f the success ful
s u ito r be no t s atised ( h) it di rects a commission o f
s ale to i s sue di rected to the M arsh a l o f the C ourt
who a s soon as the s ale is effected p ays the g ross
p roceeds into the Reg i stry ( l )
A s soon as the m on i e s are p aid i n an applic a
tion m ay be m ade at Ch am be rs fo r p ayme n t of the
a m o u n t dec reed due to the
O n the order
pl ai n tiff
p

i ct
ic

18 V
c 10 4, s 4 6 9
18 V t c 10 4, s 4 5 3
B y the New C de
i s pro
p se d to rem e the ab e res tri t ns o f t he 3 8 9th s e t n , a nd
t o e m p w er the R
e e er to s el l, if, in hi s
p in n , i t is for the
n teres t of a ll part ies t ha t he s h u ld do so , a n d to sel l for pay

m e nt o f s a l ag e after the exp ira ti n of went da s n ti ce


the
O w n er of the wre k
ob 16 3
( h) The Tr emont, l W R
( l ) S e e A d Rules, 12 4, 12 5 , and 12 6

( h ) 17
( i) 17

ov

ov

c io

o
o

it
c io

io

y y

c iv

to

17 8

THE

C RA P

IX

LA W

OF

SA

LVA G E

b eing

mad e i t is led in the R eg i stry acc o mpan ied


i f the party i s u nab le to attend b y a powe r o f
a tt o rn ey a p oi ntin
p e r s o n to r e ceive the
s ome
p
g
a m o u nt
W hen the a m ou nt i s u nd e r 5 0 o r 6 0
the C ourt may o rd e r i t to b e p ai d to t he s o l ic it o r
w ith ou t any p ower of a tt o rney A chequ e i s hand e d
to the p e rs o n rece iv i ng the p ayment and a recei p t
for the am o un t i s s ig ned i n the prese n ce o f the R eg is
tr ar and as a g e nera l ru le atte s ted b y the s oli cito r
o f the payee m
( )
I f the pr ope rty has b een released o n hail the
j u dg men t i s enfo rced b y m o n itio n O n appl icatio n
b y the plaintiff the C o u rt w ill o rder the d e fendant
and hi s s u reties to pay the money b y a day n amed
and in defau lt a m o nitio n may b e applied fo r fo rth
with The m o niti o n c o mmand s the defendant and
hi s su reties to pay the a mo u nt w i thin a certain ti me
after servi ce
I t i s to b e pers onally served and if
d iso b eyed an a ttachment is i s s u e d
I f there has b een n o a rre s t o r b ai l p u t in pay
ment is enfo rce d ag ainst the de fe ndant b y m o n itio n
i n the s a me way
,

En for i n g
j u d g m en
a g ai n s
b ail

THE

J RI S DI CTI ON A ND PRA CTI CE


CO UNTY CO

UR

O F THE

having A dmi ralty j u ri sd ict io n may


entert ain salvag e su i t s where the valu e of the p ro
perty s aved d o es n o t exceed 10 0 0 or where the
am ou nt cl aimed do es n o t exceed 3 0 0 and in case s
where the val ue or clai m exceeds these am ou n t s
C ou nty C ou rts

Bru
129, 130

( m) S ee W illiams

Rules,

12 7 , 12 8 ,

ce

c ce

Pra ti

22 5

S ee

a ls o

Ad

AN D PRA C T C E O F C O

J URI S DI CTI O N

UNTY

CO

and the parti es b y mem o rand u m ag ree that the


C ou rt shall h ave j u ri sdi ctio n
Commen ceme n t

17 9

U RT

C an

Ix

S ui t

W i th

respect to the C ou rt in which the s u i t i s to b e


b ro u g ht i t i s pr o vi ded b y the 2 1st sectio n o f the C ou nty
C ou rts A dm iralty J u r i s d ict io n A ct ( p ) that pro c e ed
i n g s i n an A dmi ra lty cau se sh all b e c o mmenced
I n t he C o un ty C o u rt hav in g A dmi r alty j u ri s
d ictio n wi t hi n t he d is trict o f w hi ch the
vessel or pro perty to which the cau se re
l ates i s at the c o mme n cemen t o f the pro

C o u rt p u t
o f w hi h

is

cee din

s :

If

t he fo re g oin g r u l e b e n o t applicab le then


i n the C o u nty C o u rt havi ng A dm ira l tv
j u ri sd ictio n in t he di str ict of whi ch the
o wner o f t he ves se l o r pr o perty to wh i ch
the cau se relates o r hi s ag ent i n E ny la n d
re si des ; o r if s u ch o wner or ag en t do es
n o t re s i de w i t h i n any s u ch d i s t r i c t t hen i n
the C o u nty C o u r t hav in g A dm ir alty j u r i s
d ict io n the di str ict w here o f is ne ar e s t to
th e place where s u ch o w ner or a ent res id e s
g
I f fo r an y re a s on the last fo reg o in g r u le i s
,

(3

c c
c c

The Mer ha n t Shi pping A ct,


Vi t
31
7 1, s 3
6 3, s
on ferre d u p on e ver
18 6 2 ( 2 5 85 2 6 Vi t
y Coun ty
Co urt J u d g e t he s a me u ri s di tion i n s a l ag e ases a s i t g a e
By t he A d mi ral ty C C A ct ( 3 1
32 V i t
to tw o J u s ti es
ho we er , i t i s pro id ed t hat n o Co u n ty Co u rt e ep t
7 1, s
t hos e a ppointed b y O rder i n Co un i l, s ha ll ha e u ri s di tion i n
A d m ira lty a u s es
( a) By the 7 7 th g en eral ru l e i t i s pro ided that the ru l es ,
ord ers , pra t i e, a n d forms i n a ti ons i n the Cou n ty Cou rt s s ha ll,
s u b e t to the ord ers a s to A d miral t y a u s es , b e ad o pt ed w i t h
refe ren e to A d mi ra lty s u its s o far as they a re re sp e ti e ly
a p pl i a b le
71
( p) 31 5 L 3 2 V i t

(n)

j c

v j

xc

c c

c v

c c
.

N 2

v
c

18 0

THE

C RA P

IX

LAW

OF

SA L

VA G E

not appl icab le o r cannot b e acted on then


in su ch C ou n tv C ou rt havin g A dm iralty
j u ri sd iction a s G eneral O rders direct :
I n any c a se i n the C ou nty C ou rt or one o f
the C ou nty C o u rts having A dmiralty j u ri s
dicti on wh ich the parti es b y a m em o
ran du m
s ig ned b y them or b y th eir
atto rn ey s o r ag e nt s ag ree shall h ave
j uri sdi ctio n in the cau se ( g )
,

P r wcip e to I n s ti tu te

su i t i s co mmenced b y the attorn ey o f the


plain tiff lin g in th e Re g i s trar s of ce a pr aecipe
an d there u p o n an entry o f t he i nsti t u ti on o f th e su i t
i s made in a b o o k kept b y the Reg i strar called
The A dm iralt S u i ts B ook
y
The pr aeci p e stat es the nat ur e of the su it the
name addre ss and de s cription o f the party in wh o s e
b ehal f i t i s i n s t i t u ted t he name o f the attorney and
an address w i th i n thre e m iles o f the C o u r t h o u se
where all i nstru m ents and docum ents i n the su i t
requ ired to b e served u p o n hi m are to b e le ft I t
also states the name o f the o wner or owners o r
other person ag ai n s t wh o m the su i t is i nsti tu te d
if known and i f n ot kn o wn the n that t he s u i t
i s i nsti t u ted ag ai ns t the o wner or owners un kn o wn
o f the vessel o r o ther pr o perty to wh ich the s u i t
relates
A ny n u mb er o f salvors may j oin as pl ai n
tiffs
The

li sts of County
see A ppend i x, p os t
( r ) G eneral O rders , No
( a) General O rders , No
( t) General Orders, No

Cour ts ha ving Admi ralty

( q) For

j uri sd icti on

4
5
6

S ee form of praecipe, 6 , p ost

PRA C T CE

o r TH E

CO

S u mmo n s

UNTY

cou nr

18 1

C RA P I X
.

Up o n

the l in g o f the pr aecipe the Reg istrar


is s u es a s u mm o ns fo r s ervi c e wh ich may at the
opti o n o f the plai ntiff s atto rn ey b e served ei ther by
him o r b y the Bail iff o f the C ou rt ( u )
W here the vessel or pr o perty to wh ich the s ui t S vi c
mm
relates i s wi th in the d istric t the su mmons may b e
served b y deli vering i t to the pers o n who i s at the
ti me o f service apparently in charg e o f the vessel o r
property ; or i f there i s n o per s o n i n charg e b y
s hi x i n
g i t o n some c o n s pi c u o u s part thereo f ; and
i n other cases the s u mm o ns m u st b e served per
s onall
y u pon the de fendan t un le s s the Ju d g e or i n
his ab sence the Re g i s t ra r s h o u ld u p on facts d uly
veri ed u pon a f davi t allo w o f s u b sti tu ted ser
vi ce ( v)
,

er

su

e of
on s '

Ap p e ar a nce

appearance i s entered b y the atto rney for the H w


tered
de fendant l in g a pr aeci pe and t here u po n an entry
o f his appearance i s m a de in the A dm iralty S u i ts
B o ok
The praec ipe states the name address and de
scrip tio n o f the party o n who s e b ehal f the appearance
i s entered the n ame o f the attorney an d an ad dress
wi thi n t hree m iles o f the C o u rt h o u se at wh i ch all
i nstru ments and docu ments i n the s u i t requ ired to
b e served u pon him may b e le ft ( or)
c
I n the case o f an arrest o f any vessel or property A pp e
on r
t
( a ) G en eral Ord ers No 8
( v) G enera l O rders No 9
( at) G eneral O rders Nos 10 an d 11 For form of praecipe
fo r app earance see p ost
An

en

aran e

a re s

18 2

LA W

TH E

Ca n

IX

or

LVA G E

SA

an appearance m ay b e entered the s ame as u pon the


servi ce of the su mm o ns (y )
,

Ten der

tc

No i

to

P ayment i n to Cou r t

an d

W here the de fendant de s ires

pay m o ney i nto


C ou rt his a tt o rney g ives a n o ti ce to the a dver s e
atto rney of the terms an d am o u nt of the tender and
pays the a m ou nt i nto C ou rt an d wi thi n fo rty e ig ht
h ou rs fro m the payment the adverse a tto rney les
a n o ti ce stating whe t her he acce pt s or rejects the
tender ; s h ou ld he fail to do s o he i s to b e deemed
to have r ejected i t
to

tc f
lt
di ti irdg
No i

e o

i e

f Cou r t
M oney ordered to b e p aid ou t o f C ou rt may b e
to the att o rney o f the party wi th o u t the pro
d u cti on of a p o wer of a tto rney fro m the p arty en
titled to rec ei ve th e m o ney u nl e ss the j u dg e sh ou ld
o th erwi se o rd e r ( a )
P ay men t

Po w er
a

of

tt y
af t

un

o rn e

ces s ary

ou t o

f V es s e l
W i th respect to th e arrest of a vessel or pr o perty
the su bj ect o f pr o c e edin g s i n t he C o u nty C o u r t i t i s
pr ov ided b y the 2 2 n d s ectio n o f the Co u nty Cou rts
A dm i r alty J u r i sd icti on A ct
That if ev i dence b e g iven to the s at i s factio n o f
the j u d g e o r i n his ab s ence the Reg i s trar of the
C ou rt that i t i s pr ob ab le that the vessel or property
to whi ch the ca u se relate s w ill b e rem o ved ou t o f
the j u risdi ctio n of the C ou rt b efore the plaint iff s
A r res t

On

d avit

r e m ve d

'

G en eral Orders , No 13
( 2 ) G eneral Ord ers , Nos 5 0
pa y men t i nto Court
( a ) G eneral Orders , No 5 2
.

and

5 1

S ee form o f prae i pe

on

PRA CT C E

or TH E

CO

UNTY

CO

18 3

U RT

clai m is satis ed i t shall b e law fu l for the said CHA I X


j u d g e or i n his ab s ence for the Reg i st ra r to i ssu e a
warrant fo r the arrest an d detentio n o f the sai d
vessel or pr o perty u nless or u ntil b ail to t he amo u nt
o f the cl ai m made i n s u ch cau se and to the reas o n
ab le costs o f the plai ntiff in s u ch cau s e he entered
i nto and per fect ed acc o rd in g to G eneral O rders b y
or on b ehal f o f the o wner of the ve s s el o r property
or hi s a ent o r o t h e r th e de fendant i n s u ch ca u se ;
g
an d except as in thi s sectio n expressly pr o vi ded there
sh all b e n o arr e st o r detentio n o f a vess el o r pro
perty i n an A dm iralty cau se i n a C o u nty C o u rt
o th e rwi se th a n i n exec u ti o n
W here after the i nsti tu tio n o f a s u i t i t i s des ired A f d vit f
ds
g
to arrest any ve s s el or pr o perty the a ttorney a pply
i n g m u st l e a n a f d avi t stat in g t he fa c t s wh ich
render i t pr o b ab le that i t w ill b e removed o u t o f the
j u ri s di c tio n o f the C ou rt
P

roun

W arra n t

f A r res t
O n the lin g o f s u ch af davi t the Reg is trar in
the ab sence o f the j u dg e may requ ire fu r ther e vi
dence to b e add u ced or if satis e d w ith the evi
dence he m ay i s su e a warrant for the arre s t and
detentio n o f the vessel or pro per ty whi c h may b e
exec u ted o n S u nday G o o d F ri day or C hris tmas
D ay as well a s o n any o t her day ( d )
o

Re lea s e of A rr es ted P rop er ty


The sec u ri ty u p o n the g ivin g o f wh i ch the release
or property
i s ordered ( e)
o f the arr e sted vessel
.

( b) 31 8t 3 2 Vi ct u 7 1, s 22
( 0 ) G enera l O rders , No 15
( d ) G e n eral O rd ers Nos 17 and 18
( 6 ) G eneral O rders, No 19 A s to the mode of g ivi ng
.

c ty

s e u ri

Se

c i ty
ur

18 4

O F S A L VA GE

THE L A W

Ca n

b e g i ven e i ther b v b o nd or dep o si t of money ,


an
y ordinary acti o n i n a C o u nty C o u rt (f

IX may
.

in

Up o n

as

the amo u n t s u ed for b ei ng pai d i nto C ou rt


or the se cu r ity c o mple t ed the Re g i strar deli vers to
the atto rn ey an o rd e r d irected to the H ig h B ailiff o f
the C ou rt au tho ri s ing an d directing hi m u pon payment
o f all c o sts charg es a n d expenses attend ing the cu s
to dy o f the property to release i t fo rthwi th
B u t i n salvag e cases the prop e rty i s not to b e
rel e ased u ntil i ts valu e has b een ascertained e ith e r
by af davi t b y ag ree men t or b y a ppr ai sement save
b y c o n s e nt of the plaint iff or his at to rney
The Re g i strar m ay o n the appli catio n of e i ther
atto rney and whether b efore or after j u dg ment
order any property u nder arrest to b e apprai sed
,

A ppra is e
m en to b e
m ad e b efore

re l e as e
su i

vg

tf

in

or sal

a e.

Tr a n sfer

Tran s fe r b y
A d mi ra l y
Co u r on
m o i on b y
e i h er
pa r y

t
t
t

f Ca us es
W ith respect to the trans fer o f cau ses fro m the
C ou nty C ou rt to the Hi g h C ou rt o f A dmi ralty it i s
provided b y the C ou nty C o u rts A dm i ra lty J uri s
d ictio n A ct that the H ig h C ou rt o f A dm iralty on
the m o tio n o f any p arty to an A dm iralty cau se
pending in a C o u nty C o u rt may if i t sh all thi nk t
wi th previ ou s noti ce to the other party trans fer the
cau se to the Hig h C ou rt o f A dmiralty an d may order
s ecuri ty fo r costs or i mp o se s u ch oth e r terms as to the
C ou rt may seem t ( j ) and it i s al s o pro vi ded that
o

Transfer

Jones County
in ordinary Cou nty Conrt acti on s, s ee S hortt
Cou rts A ct and Ord ers , pp 13 3, 16 7 , a nd 193
f ) S ee forms of Noti ce of S ureties, A f da vi t of Jus ticati on ,
an d Bai l Bond, p os t
(9) Genera l O rders , No 2 0
( It ) G ene ral Ord ers , No 2 1
( z ) G en eral Orders , No 5 4
32 V i ct c 7 1, s 6
( j ) 31
.

PRA C T C E

THE

OF

CO

UNTY

CO

U RT

if,

d u ring th e pr og ress of an A dm iral ty c au se in a C


C ou n ty C o u r t i t appears to the C o u rt th a t the w h
su bj e c t m a tter e xceeds the lim i t i n re s pect of am o u nt
o f the A dm i ralty j u r i s d i ct i o n o f
the C ou rt the
d im
a
i
i
v l d ty o f any o rder o r decree theret o fo re m a de b y
th e C o u rt sh a ll n o t b e there b y affected
b u t ( u nless
th e part ie s ag ree b y a mem o r a nd u m s ig n e d b y t hem
or b y their attorn ies or ag ents th a t the C o u rt shall
retain j u ris dictio n ) the C ou rt shall b y o rder tr an s fer
t he cau s e to t he H ig h C ou rt of A dm i r alty b u t that
C o u rt may n e vertheless if the j u d g e of th a t C ou rt
i n any c a se th i n k s t o rder that the c au s e shall
b e pr o s ecu t e d i n the C o u nty C o u rt i n w h i ch i t
w as c o mmenced an d i t s hal l b e pr o s e c u t ed a cc o rd
an

IX

e re s u m

in g ly

l pro vi ded th a t if d u ring the pro g re s s of T an f to


th
an A dmi ralty c au s e 1t sh o u ld appe a r to the Cou rt ai m?
th a t the c au s e c ou ld b e m o re c o nveniently pr o secu ted
A dm i lty
i n s o m e o ther C ou nty C o u rt o r in the H ig h C ou rt o f
A dm i ralty the C o u rt may b y o rder tr an s fer i t to
or to the H i h C o u rt o f
s u ch o th er C o u n ty C o u rt
g
A dm iralty ( l)
t
A n y pers o n clai m in g to h ave an interest in the Tr f
i
t c f
vessel o r pro perty whether co g ni z ab le b y the C o u rt p ty i t
m g
o r n o t may i nt e rv e ne fo r the p u rpose o f h a vin g t he
cau s e tran s ferred to t he H ig h C ou rt o f A dm iral ty (m)
Up o n an o rder b e in g m a de fo r the trans fer of a P c di dg
f w d
cau se e it h e r to the H i g h C ou rt of A dm i r al ty o r to
the
Re
i
strar
o f the C o u r t i n
an
o u nty C o u rt
C
g
y
wh i ch the cau se w as c o mmenced u p o n b e ing served
I t is

a so

s er

ra

an s er a

n s an
ar

ve

e o

n er

'

ro e e

or

(7c) 3 1 8r 32 Vict c 7 1,
Vi c t c 7 1
( l) 3 1
( m) G en eral O rders , No
.

7
8

12

ar

18 6
C

THE

O F SA L VA G E

LA W

IX with the order of tran s fer sends the pro ceeding s b y


p o st to the Reg is trar o f the Co u rt to which the
cau se has b een transferred ( n )

AP

E vi den ce

Reg istrar i s emp owered to ad


m inist e r o aths i n A dmi ralty cau ses i n the C o u nty
t C ou rt and any pers o n taking a false oath b efore him
t
is to b e deemed g uilty o f perj u ry ( o )
C
ty
Th e C ou nty C ou rt Re g i strar for the p u rpose o f
C
tR
to
the ex amination o f any w itnesses w i th in the distr ic t
gi t
h v p owe
f x
o f that Cou rt i s als o i nvested wi th all the powers and
m in r
au th o ri ti es o f an xam i ner o f the Hig h C ou rt o f
A d miralty and evi dence taken b efo re him in that
cap ac i ty i s adm issib le a s evi dence in the H ig h C o u rt
E vi d
ce o f A dmi ralty I t is als o provi ded that evi dence taken
tk i
ty in any A dm iralty cau s e b efore the R eg i strar o f a
C
t to b
C
cei v d i
C o u nty C ou rt or the J u dg e o f a C ou nty C o u rt a s
th
ty
G enera l O rders shall d irect shall b e rece i ved a s
C
rt
C
evid e nce in any o ther C ou nty C ou rt b u t in each case
sav in g all j u st exceptio ns (p )
O n the applicatio n o f either attorney the Re g i stra r
S b p na to
w it
s
i s s u es s u mmo nses for w i tnesses to b e served b y the
d all w
c
atto rney or if s o req uired b y the b aili o f the
C o u rt
The allowance to b e made to w i tne s s es for attend
a nce ei ther b e fo re the C o u rt or Re g is trar i s in n o
cas e to excee d t he h ig hest rate of the allowance s
mentio ned in the s cale u nless the C o urt shall b y
t
t

Cou n y
C ou r Re
g i s trar e m
p ow ere d to
a d m i ni s er
oa hs

The C ou nty C ou rt

ou n

ou r

s rar

rs

en

en

on e

ou n

ou r

re

an o

er

ou n

ou

oe

n es se

an

an e .

'

O rders, Nos 3 4 an d 3 5
7 1, s 19
( o) 3 1 & 3 2 Vi t
7 1, s 2 0
( p ) 31 8t 3 2 V i t
( 9) G enera l O rders, No 22

(n ) General

c c
c c
.

PRA C T C E

O F T HE

CO

CO

18 7

URT

special O rder o therw ise direct B u t s e amen n eces C HA R 1X


s ari l
y detai ned on s h o re for the p u rp o se of the s u i t E xt t f
are to b e all o wed s u ch rem u nerati o n a s the C ou rt ti m t
may think reas o nab le c o mpensatio n for th eir l o s s o f m
time
A t the req u e s t o f e i t her att o rney and a t h is c o st Sh th d
t
i n the r s t i n s t anc e o r b y o rder o f the j u d g e a t the
c o st in t he r s t i n s t ance o f the plaint iff the evi de nce
o f w i tnes s e s e xa m i n e d i n C o u rt m a
y b e take n d o wn
b y a sh o r t h a n d wri ter o r rep o rter ap poi nted b y the
C o u rt an d s w o rn i n e a ch c as e fai th fu ll y to r ep o rt
the e v i dence ; an d a tr a nscript of the wri t e r s o r re
p o rter s n o te s certi ed b y him to b e c o rrect i s to b e
admi tted to pr o ve the ev i dence of the w itnesses
.

en

u n e ra

re

on

se

en

an

or

n o es .

Reg

Every af d

to Af
da vi ts

u l a ti o n s as

vi t i s to b e d ivi d e d into s h o rt parag raphs T b i


t p
n u m b ered c o n s e cu tively an d b e in the r s t pers o n a d d i vi d
t p
I t s h o u ld sta te the dep o n e n t 8 a g e n am e a ddre s s g p h
and descrip tio n and what facts or c irc u m s tances
i p ti
d e p o sed to are wi th in hi s kn o wled g e
g
The n a me s of all t he pers o ns making any af davi t J t
a

rs

in o

ers on ,

ra

ed

ar a

on .

( q) G eneral Orders Nos

the

s a le o f a l lo w a n ces

G en tl emen , mercha n
Tra des m en ,

cle
t

au

an d

r ks ,

2 2, 2 3,

tnesses
ts ba kers a

The foll owing

24

and

to w i

ctio

nd

rofessio

p er di em ,

n ee s ,

y e om e n

cc

j r

10 8

t t

men
to 1 0

0 10
0 5
0 3

O
0
0

n al

pe r di em ,

cc r

t t

rv

0 10 0
n ot m o e han

r t

tt

o un a n s ,

3s
A r i sa ns a nd o u ne y man ,
2s
L a b ou e rs a n d t he like,
Fe ma les , a o di ng to s a i on i n
28
li fe,
T a e ll i n g e pe nses s u m eas onab ly p a id, b u t
6 d p er mil e on e w a y
I f the w i nes s es a e n d i n mo e han o ne s u i
i n ea h s u i only
en i l ed to a p op o t ion a e pa
( r) G e ne al O rd e s , No 32

is

r
r

tt

rt

r t

t they

wi ll b e

u ra

18 8

LA W

THE

OF

SA

LVA G E

the dates when an d the pl a ce s where it i s swo rn


a re to b e inserte d in the j u ra t
C
A ffi davi t s n o t i n c o n fo rm i ty w i th the preced in g
f
q
f d vi t
reg u lati o n s m a
y b e r ej ected b y the C ou rt o r the
i
c o st s of them may b e di sall owed on t axa tio n
A n af d av i t i n whi ch th ere i s an y kn ife er as u re or
E

l g i b ity
whi ch is b lo tted so as to o b li terate an y w o rd o r which
i s illeg ib ly wri tten o r so altered as to c au s e i t to b e
ille g ib le or in whi ch there i s an y i nterli neatio n n o t
du ly au thenti cated b y the person b efo re wh o m i t was
sw orn may b e rejected b y the C ou rt or the C ou rt
may direct that the c o sts o f i t sh ou ld b e di s allo wed
o n tax a ti o n
d
W here an a f dav i t i s made b y a ny per s o n who i s
gt
n
1
b lind or who fr o m hi s sig nat u re or o therw is e appears
312333
to b e ill it era te the pers o n b e fo re wh o m the af davi t
i s s wo rn i s to s ta te in the j u rat that the a ffi d a vi t was
re ad o ver to the dep o nent an d that the d ep o nent
appea r e d to u nderstand it an d m a de his m ar k or
wro te hi s sig natu re in t he pre s ence o f the pers on
b e fo re wh o m i t i s s w o rn
Wh
The reception of any af dav it a s ev idence may b e
w
b r
p ty o bj ect e d to i f the af davi t has b ee n sw o rn b e fo re the
tt
y
&
party o n whose b ehal f i t I S offe red o r b e fo re 1118
atto rney or ag ent or b efo re a partner or clerk o f
su ch atto rney
C RA P I X
.

an d

on ee

u en ce s o

g gi ij
c

n s u res
e

ere

or n

e o re

er a

ar

o rn e

H ea r ing

g gg

l ead

plea d ing s in A dmi ralty cau ses i n the


C ou nty C ou rts an d th e o nly c as e in wh ich n o t ice o f de
fence i s necessary i s in a s u i t fo r dam ag e b y c o llis i o n
The cau se i s heard at the place where the C ou rt
There

a re n o
,

:
t

( 8 ) G en eral Orders, 2 5

to 3 1

PRA C T CE

O F T HE C O

UNTY

CO

U RT

18 9

su ally sits b u t b y s pecial permi s sio n of the j u dg e Cm i x


i t m ay b e he a rd o r part he a rd at any place w i t hin
the d is tr ict o f the Co u rt ( t)
W here appl ic a ti o n i s m a de to the j u dg e for the Ti m f
h
i g
heari n g o r part h e ari ng o f a s u i t a t a pla ce i n whi ch
a C ou nty C o u r t d o es n ot s it the atto rney les a
praecip e u ndertakin g to pr o vi de at his exp e nse a
pl a ce to the satis factio n o f the j u dg e in whi ch the
s u i t m ay b e h eard
I t i s pr o vi d e d b y the i 3 th secti o n o f the C o u nty
C o u rt s A dmi r alty J u ri sd i ct ion A ct that the Ju dg e
o f every C o u nty C o u rt h avin g A dmir al ty j u ri sdi c ti o n
shall hear an d dete rm ine A dmiralty c au se s at the
u s u al C o u rt s held w i t h i n hi s j u r i sd i cti o n o r at s p e c ial
C ou rts to b e held b y hi m and whi ch he i s there b y
requ ired to h o ld as s oo n as may b e after he shall
have ha d n o tice o f an A dmi r al ty c a us e having ar is en
w ith in t he j u ri sd ic t io n o f his C o u r t
The G en e ral O rders pr o vi de that A dm iralty c au ses
are to b e he a rd on the day s a pp o inted fo r the trans
act io n of the o rdinary g en e ral b u s ine s s o f the C o u nty
C ou r t o r on s u ch o t her days as the j u dg e may fro m
ti me to time app o int for the hearing o f a sui t where
fr o m the d e tenti o n of a v e s s el or ot herwi s e a pr o mp t
determinatio n o f the s u i t is desirab l e
The Reg istrar u pon appl icat ion g ives to each N ti c f
h mg
att o rney in t he s u i t where an appe arance has b een
entered and where n o appearance has b een entere d
then to the plaint iff or hi s atto rney a n o tice u nder
u

e o

ear n

ea

( t) G en eral Orders , No l
( at ) G en era l O rd e rs, No 2
.

V ct c 7 1
r rs N o

31 8t 32 i
G en eral O de

S ee form of prae i pe, p os t


13
.

e o

'

190

LA W

THE

SA

or

LVA G E

t he C o u rt s tating the day u p o n whi ch the


su i t has b een directed b y t he Ju dg e to b e heard
C
t
I n cau ses of s alva g e a n d c e rt ai n oth e r c au s es the
b h
d
w i th th
C o u nty C o u rt j u d g e m ay a t hi s o w n d i scret i o n or a t
i t c
f
ti c l
the requ e s t of ei ther p arty to the cau s e he as s i s ted
b y two n au ti cal ass es s o rs ( wh o m he i s empowered to
s u mm o n to attend an d as si st) i n the same way as the
j u dg e of the H ig h C ou rt o f A d miralty i s a ssi s ted ( a )
The Re g i strar o f e a ch C o u nty C ou rt hav in g A d
miral ty j u ri sdi ct io n i s r e qu i red fr o m ti m e to time to
fra me a l is t o f per s o ns o f n au tic al s kill and e xperi ence
re sid in g or havin g places o f b u s ine s s wi thi n the dis
trict o f th e C o u nty C o u rt to act as assess o rs in that
C ou rt
Thi s li st the C ou nty C ou rt j u d g e i s to lay
b e fo re the j u d g e o f the H ig h Co u rt o f A dmi ralty
w ith ou t wh o se appr o val it has n o vali di ty and it i s
then to b e pu b lis hed in Tire L on do n G az e tte
very as s e s s o r n amed in th e l i st h olds his o f ce
u ntil a n e w l i st s hall have b een framed and approved
o r u ntil he re s i n hi s app oi ntm e nt
Fo r w ilfu l n on
g
atte nd ance h e i s li ab le to a penalty n ot exceeding 5
M d
f
W hen t he atto rney for any o f t he parti es requi res
mm
g
the j u dg e to b e ass i sted b y two n au ti c al assessor s
f
he p ays to the Reg is trar at the time of li ng the pr ee
cip e the su m of two g u ine as i f the amou nt claimed
do es n ot exceed 10 0 and fou r g u ineas i f it exceed s
that am ou nt and these payments are c o n s idered as
co s ts in the s ui t u nless o therwi se ordered b y the
j u dg e ( d)
C in

au s es
e

ix

th e

seal

of

'

ear

e o

a s s s an

n au

as sess ors

a s s es s ors .

e o

su

on i n

a s s es s ors

( 2) G en eral
( a ) 3 1 85

O rders, No 14
.

V i ct c
( b) 3 1 sr 32 Vi ct c
( c) 3 1 dt 3 2 Vi ct c
( d ) G en eral Orders
.

10 an d 11
7 1, s 14
7 1, se 15 , 16
No 69
se

PRA C T CE

TH E

OF

CO

UN TY

CO

191

U RT

W here the j u dg e requ ire s the assi stance

of

two

HA

Ix

n au tic al a s se s so rs the fees m u st b e pai d b y the


pl ai ntiff o r his a tto rney b e fo re the h ea rin g and
are c o sts i n the s u i t u nless o t herwi s e ordered b y
the j u d g e ( e )
Up o n th e l i n g o f the pr ae c ipe or u p o n the o rder S m m
t
o f the j u dg e the Re g i stra r select s fro m the l ist of
as s e s s o rs the name s o f two perso ns wh o m he m ay
h a vi ng r e fe rence to the natu re o f the s u i t to b e heard
c o nsi der can m o s t e ffe ctu ally a s s i st t he j u dg e i n
hearing an d d e term i ning i t and s end s to each b y p o st
a s u mm o ns requ i rin g his atte n dance (f ) ; and he P ym t
m
pays to each a s s es s o r for e a ch day s attendanc e on e
g u i ne a o r tw o g ui nea s acc o rd in g as the am o u n t
clai med i n the sui t d o es or d o e s n o t exceed 6 10 0
W hen a su i t i s adj o u rned the plaint iff m u st pay
the ass e ss o r s fee s fo r the d ay o f adj o u rnment fo rth
wi th after the o rder o f a dj ou rnment i s made b y the
C ou rt

on s

o a s s e s s or

E nf orce men t

f D ecrees
W i th re ference to the enfo rcement o f decre es it

i
the decree o f the C ou n ty
ha s b een pr o v ded that
C ou rt i n an A dm iralty cau se shall b e en fo rced ag ain s t
the pers o n or per s o ns s u mm o ned a s the d efendan t o r
de fendants in the s ame m anner a s the decrees of the
sai d C o u rt are enfo rced in ord inary c ivil cas es save

and except o r in thi s A ct o therwi se pr o vi ded


o

( e) G eneral O rders No 7 0
( f ) G en era l O rd ers No 7 2
(9) G eneral O rd ers No 7 3
.

( h) G en era l O rders No 7 1
( i ) 3 1 AL 3 2 V i ct c 7 1, s 12
,

v
Reg i strar
t

se

E ery nal d e ree or order is


en d ay s fro m i ts da t e to b e sen t for reg i s trati on to the
of Cou n t y C ou rts u dg men ts
.

w i hi n

en

of

192

T HE L A W

SA L

VA G E

To ob tain the c o mmi ttal or warrant o f exec u t io n


IX
ag ainst the g oo ds of a party who has neg le cted to
W
t
t
g i
o
ey
the
order
b
o f the C ou rt fo r payment o f a su m o f
d
s
g
m oney a prae cipe for a s u mm o ns for c o mmi tment or
for a warrant o f execu tio n ag ai nst the g oo ds has to
b e led and ther eu p o n the s u mmons or warrant i s
i ss u ed
W here a decree ha s b een ob taine d ag ainst an n u
If d f d t
w
k
v l t b kno wn de fendant the ves s e l or property to which the
td
s uit relates is n o t to b e t aken in exec utio n b u t i t
m ay b e arrested and d e tained u nder the provi s io ns o f
s 2 2 ( 3 1 3 2 V i ct c 7 1) or kept un der arrest i f
already arrested
W here a vessel i s s eiz e d u nder a C o u nty C o u rt
l by
J
ty
warrant o f exec u tio n the H ig h B ailiff b efo re sellin g
C
t
has an inventory m a de b y an apprai ser and the ve s sel
i s n o t to b e s old u nder the apprai sed val u e u nle s s b y
o rder o f the Co u rt O n the completio n o f the s ale
the H ig h B ailiff pays the proceeds into C o u rt re
t u rning the wa rra nt w ith his acco unt o f the s ale and
the certi cate o f apprais ement ; and on the c o m
pletion o f the p u rchas e he del i vers the pro perty to
the p u rchaser an d if requ ired execu tes a b ill o f
sale to him ( m)
I f the name of an u nknown de fendan t s h ou ld
Wh
w d
k
b e ascertai ned su b s equ ent to the decree th e n the
t
f d
d
d i cl
defendant i s to b e s e rved w i th noti ce that u nless
he wi thin fo u r days les a pr aecipe applying for a
rehearing o f the s ui t the vessel or property will b e
C RA P

arran

a ns

oo

e en

un

no

ess e

an

n,

arres e

a e

'

oun

ou r

ere u n

no

en

an

os e

( Ia) General Orders No


,

39

p os t
( l ) General O rd ers , No 4 0
( m) Gene al O ders , 4 3, 4 4,

For forms

and

45

of

pra ci pe

an d no e,

PRA CT CE

C UNTY C

O F TH E

193

O URT

sold in execution ( n ) This n otice m us t be served Cu


perso nally on the de fen d an t un less the j udg e or
the Reg ist rar should on aidavit allow s u bstituted
se rvice to be m ade
I f a vessel or p rope rty is a bo u t to be sold u n der Trans f
c ef
the p rocess o f a C o u n ty C o u rt an d the ow n e r desi res ne
th a t the s ale should be co n d u cte d i n the Hig h C ourt
of A d m i ralty he m a
y o n g ivin g sec u rity for 10 to
the C oun ty C ou rt Reg i s trar at a ny ti m e after j udg
m e n t le with the Re g ist rar an a pplic ation for the
t ran sfer of the p roceedi ng s fo r s ale This applica
tion the Reg ist rar forward s to the j u dg e if the C ourt
be n o t the n sitting a cco mp an ied by a certic ate
th at the security fo r costs has bee n g iven and the
j udg e the reupon makes an o rde r fo r the tran sfer of
the p roceeding s for s ale with or witho u t as he may
think t the t ran sfe r o f the subsequ e n t p roceeding s
in the c ause to the Hig h C o u rt o f A d miralty ( p )
W he n the vessel has bee n seiz ed or arrested it is
ret ai n ed by the Hi h B a ili ff u n til the M arsh al o f the
g
Hig h C ou rt o f A d mi ralty ta kes po s s es s ion o f it
W he re there i s an a ppe al to the Hig h C ourt of Trans f
l
A d mir alty the j udg e o f tha t C ou rt m ay if it appe ars p p l
to hi m expedien t or der a ny sale dec reed to be made
o f the vessel o r p rope rty to be co n d u cted in the
Hig h C ourt an d th a t the p roceedin g s fo r s ale with
or without the subsequ en t p roceeding s in the cause
should be tr an s ferred fro m the C ou n ty C ourt
W here m o re th an on e suit has been i nstituted P oc d
p

er of

or

au s

sa

cr o f

sa e on
ea

( n ) G eneral Orders ,
( 0 ) I b id 42
.

4 0, 41

32 V i t c 7 1, u 23
( 9) G eneral O rders, 46
( r) 31 32 V ict c 7 1, s 3 2

( p ) 31

G en eral

Orders

4 7 , 48

ee

e of

194
ca n

LAW

TH E

to b e

SA

LVA G E

p rope rty an d the s am e h as bee n


the reof a re retain ed in C o u rt to
a b i de the deci si on o f the C o u r t i n the v ari o u s s u i ts
unle s s the judg e sho u ld othe rwi s e o rde r
g ai n st a vessel, or
sold, the p roceed s

1x

or

'

s am e

es s el

O r ders by Con s en t

n sen ts _

co n sen t in writing be tween the attorn eys i n a


su it m ay by perm i s s io n o f the Re g i s trar be led
an d the reupo n b e co m e an o rde r o f C o u r t a n d o f the
s am e v alidity as if m ade by the C ourt ( t)
A ny

I n sp ecti on o
f D ocu ments

n s pe

cti o

n,

the p rog ress o f a s u it on ly the p arties


an d thei r a tto rn ey s are a t lib e rtv to i n s pect th e
p roceedin g s an d they m ay do s o whil s t the s u it is
pe n di ng an d for a y ear afterw ard s fre e of ch arg e
an d t ake of ce copie s ( to)
A fte r the co n clusion of a
c au s e any o ne m ay in spect an d take copies o f the
p rocee din g s o n p ay men t o f the p rope r fee
D u ri n g

Ta x a ti on
Ta xati

q
f

Cos ts

tw o s c ales o f costs in the C o u n ty C ourts


O ne where th e s u m recovered
i n A d miralty c au ses
is abo v e 100 an d the othe r W here it does n o t
exceed th at amo u n t
C osts betwe en p arty an d p arty an d betwee n
atto rn ey an d clien t are t axed by the Re g istrar
W he re pl ai n tiff re cov ers le s s th an the s u m clai med
the sc ale upon w hich the costs a re to be taxed is to
be in the discretion o f the C ou rt (at )
The re

are

( 3 ) G en eral O rd ers, No 5 3
( a) I b i d No 3 8
( u) I b i d 5 5 , 5 6, an d 5 8
.

I bi d

( at)

5 7, 5 8
G en e ra l O rders ,
.

No 7 6
.

J
W hen

U R S D CT

IO N

OF

T HE

U S T CE S

195

bill o f costs has been led fo r t ax ation c


Ix
n otice i s as s oon as co nve n i e n tly m a
y be to be s en t
to the re s p e cti v e attorn ev s a ppoi n ti n g a ti m e for the T ti o
i f i th
ta xa tion an d a t the ti m e appoi n ted i f eithe r a tto rney tto y
t
is p res en t the taxatio n is to be p roceeded with
A fte r the e xpiratio n o f a week fro m the t ax atio n P ym t f
co t ft
t f
o f the bill if the re i s no obj ectio n to it the a tto rn ey
gi
y
m ay apply fo r p ay m e n t if the am oun t is to b e p a id C o t
out o f m o n ey s in C o u rt
I f i n a tax a tion betwee n attorn ey a n d cli en t m o re T ti o b
th an o n e sixth o f the bill is s tru ck o ff the atto rn ey
h
t
ha s to p ay all the costs att en di n g the t ax a tio n
I f eithe r a tto rn ey i s di s s a tised w ith the t ax a tion R vi ew f
t x t o
he m ay with in a week th e reo f g i v e n otice to the
a d v e r se a tto rney th a t he w i ll a pply to the j ud e to
g
an d le
re vi e w the s am e
a p raecipe objecti n
g to
the tax atio n ( a )
a

an

a xa

er

rn e

en

s s a

er a
o

ur

a xa

en

a i

J URI S DICTIO N

OF

J US TI CES

the Merch an t S hippi n g A ct 18 5 4 it i s p ro


vide d
th a t whe re the s alvag e cl ai m ed does n o t
exceed 2 0 0 any di s pute betwe en the o wn ers
o f an
y s hip bo a t c arg o app arel o r w reck ( b )
an d the s alvo r as to the a m ou n t o f s u ch s alva e
g
s houl d be re fe rred to an
y tw o j u stices o f the pe a ce
reside n t i n the c a se o f w re ck a t o r n e ar the pl ace
whe re the w reck is foun d ; o r i n c ase o f s alvag e
s e rvices at or n e ar the pl a ce whe re the ship or bo a t
By

G enera l O rd ers , 6 2 , 6 3 6 4, a nd 6 5
( 2 ) 1b id No 6 6
( a ) G e n eral O rders , No 6 7
( b ) The w ord o w n ers i n the s ecti on has b een held t o i ncl u d e
m o rtg ag ees , a nd any pers o ns i nteres ted i n t he p ro p e rty at the
L 5 9, S C 11 W R 6 14
The L o u i s a , B
ti me
.

und e r

196

or S A LVA G E

THE L A W

is ly ing or at or n ear the rst port 0 r pl ace in the


Un ited Kin g dom in to which the ship o r bo at i s
broug ht afte r the occurren ce of the acciden t by
re as o n whe reo f the cla i m to s alv a e a rise s
g
C l i m b o ve
The s am e section em powe r s the ju s tices to de
20 ul b y
t f
te rmi ne di sputes as to s alvag e cl ai m s above 2 00
p ti
whe re the p arti es con s ent to r efer them to the i r
W
d)
an d by a
su bseque n t s tatute ( e)
o m arbitr ation
(
mh
i
R
00 ?
the j urisdi ction was fu rthe r exten ded to ca s e s wher e
the value o f the p roperty s aved did n ot exceed
Ca n

TX

con

s en

ar

es

er e
er

'

10 0 0

justices h ave n o jurisdi ction ove r s alvag e dis


p u tes arisi ng wi thin the boun d aries of the C in qu e
Por ts the s tatute exp ressly p rovi di ng th at the s e
disputes are to be determin ed in the m ann er they
had been be fore the p a ssing of the A ct ( f
The j u ri s diction o f the J ustices un de r the A ct o f
18 6 4 was held to be con n ed to ca ses whe re the
s alv a e se rvices ha d been re n dered withi n the li m its
g
o f the Un ited K in dom th a t is to s a
g
y within three
th at o f the Hig h C ou rt o f
m iles of the shore
A d mi ralty re mai ni n g u n distu rbed where the se rvices
however sm all the am oun t we re perfo rmed on the
hig h seas beyond this limit ( k) ; an d the o n us o f
p rovi ng th a t the services we re rendered within the
th ree miles w as held to lie upo n those who disputed
the jurisdi ction o f the Court
This however was
The

t f
i c i on
o f j u s ti es

fgg cg

vc

S er i es on
h ig h seas
.

85 18 V ict

( d ) I b id

c.

10 4,

46 0

i c
ict c

6 3 , s 49
2 6 V ct
25
10 4, s 46 0
( f ) 17 85 18 V
(g ) The L eda , l Swa 40
( h) Ib d p 4 4
(i ) The A rg , S wa 112 See als
A d 13 0
Gertru d e, 3 0 L
.

o The A ctif I b id
,

23 7

The

U R S D CT

ION OF

TH E

US T CE S

197

e medied by a l ater A ct ( lo) which declares the pro Ca n I X


visio n s o f the fo rmer st atute to a pply whether the
s al vag e se rv ice ha s been re n de red withi n the li mits

o f the Uni ted Ki n do m o r n o t


g
The dispute as to s alvag e m ay be he ar d and ad Mod e of
p oc d i g
ju dicated upon by the j u stices o n the applic ation
ei ther of the salvor or o f th e own er o f the prope rty
salved or o f th eir respec tive ag e n ts The j ustices
m ay the m selves dete rmin e it ; but they a re em
powe red to c all to their a ssis ta n ce any perso n con
versant with m ar iti m e affa irs as a s s essor ; o r if a
di ffe re n ce o f O pin ion ari ses betwee n the m an d eve n
without such di ere nc e if they thi nk t to appoint
a pe rson sim il arly qu ali e d as u m pi re l) to decide
(
the poin t in dispute The j ustices are to make their
a ward withi n fo rty e ig ht hours afte r the matter has
bee n referred to the m an d the u m pi re his award
within forty eig ht hou rs fro m hi s appoi n tment but
r

'

By the 4 09th s ecti on of the


26 V i ct c 6 3 s 4 9
( lo) 2 5
n e w Merc han t S hi ppin g Co d e it i s pr o pos ed t hat w he re the s a l va g e
.

cla i m is u n der 2 0

or the

yu

p r pe r t

c i
c

5 0, the la m i s to
k of the d i s tri t, w hose

nd e r

be determi n ed b y t he Re e i er of Wre
a wa rd s ha l l be nal
If the la i m be u nd er 3 00, or the al ue of the pr perty u nder
10 0 0, t hen it i s t b e de term i ned by t he l a l A d m i ral ty
In a s es e x eedi ng t hes e l i m i ts, t he
C u rt of the d is tr ict
n fer
u ris d i ti n o n t he R
e
parties are to b e a t l ib e rty to
n sen t ;
ther wis e
ce i ver or o n the l a l A d mi ra lty C urt b y
the d is pu te is to b e de term in ed b y the s up eri r C urt of A d
mi ral ty
A p arty i mpr perl y pr eedi ng i n a su peri r C u rt, is t b e
sts u n les s t he u dg e e rtify, and m ay b e rdered
d epri ed of hi s
ther par ty
s ts of the
to p a y the
The a m u nt l ai med i s t mea n t he a m u nt l a i m ed i n the
pr eedi ng s, a nd the al ue, the a l u e o f the p r perty when rs t
b r u g ht int sa fety b y the sal rs
( t) E a h as ses s r an d u mp ire is t r e ei e for hi s s er i es s u h
17
as the B ard of Trad e may d i rect
s u m no t ex eedi ng 5
10 4, s 46 2
18 V i t

c v

co

oc

oc

c o
co
o
o o

oc
o

co
o
o

c
c c
.

oc

o
co

vo

o c v

vc

ee

198

LA W

TH E

SA

OF

LVA G E

both the jus tices and u mpire may by m em oran du m


i n w ritin g exten d these pe riod s ( m)
i
m
The justic e s o r u mpi re m ay a l s o c all fo r the p ro
gg
g
d u ction o f a ny docu m e n ts i n th e po s s essio n of eithe r
p arty which they m ay thi n k n ece s s ary an d ex am i n e
witn esse s on o ath ( n ) The co s ts of the arbitration
are i n thei r di scretio n
B e fore the p assi ng of the C ou n ty C o u r t A d mi
i d i c ti o
g
ral t
gifg f
y Ju risdictio n A ct ( p ) it w as l aid down th at
in c a ses wh e re the su m cl ai m ed fo r s al v ag e w as
u n d er 2 0 0 o r th e p rope rty s av ed
i n v al u e u n de r
j ti c
10 00 the Hig h C ou rt o f A d mi ralty ( w he re the
s alvag e had n o t b een e ected within th e boun dary
an d
o f the C i n qu e Po rts
) ha d n o j u ri s diction
even althou g h a defen dan t i n a su it b rou g ht u n de r
s u ch ci rcum stan ces e n te red an ab s ol u te appe aran ce
i n ste a d of o n e u n de r p rotest the C ou rt con s id ered
itsel f bou n d to n otice the statu te an d to refuse to
en te rtain the s u it altho u g h it m ig ht n o t w he n an
a ppearan ce w as e n te red i n such a fo rm co nd em n the
pla in tiff i n co s t s ( r ) Nor wou ld the fact th at the re
had be en delay i n t aki n g the objectio n affect the
qu e s tion If at an y ti me the C ourt discove red it
had n o j u ri s diction it wo u ld p roceed n o fu rth er ( 8 )
The o nu s o f show i n g the v alue o f the p roper ty to
H w v l
to b tak n
be un der 10 0 0 reste d upon those who disp u ted
the j u risdiction o f the C ou rt ; a n d in dete rmi n in g the
qu estion o f j u risdiction the C o urt would hold the
( mu

1x

s nc

ur s

us

e s

a ue

i ct

(m) 17 8t

18 V
c
10 4, s 46 1
( n ) b id 3 4 6 3
( 0 ) b id 5 4 6 2
c
71
( p) 3 1 8t 3 2
4 9 : 32 L
Ad
( q) The Wi l li a m a n d J hn , B
( r ) The L uis a , Br 8: L 5 9, a n d 11 W R 6 14
L 33 4
(8 ) Per Dr Lu s hi ng t n , The M a ry A n n e, B

I
I

Vict

102

UR S D C T

ION OF

TH E

US T CE S

199

val ue of the p roperty to m e an its v alue when rst Ca p I X


broug ht into po rt by the s al v ors an d n ot at any
subseque n t pe riod Thus where i n co n sequence of
the mis manag e me n t o f p e rso n s who took possession
o f the ship and c ar o a s the ship s a e n ts l ar e an d
g
g
g
u n neces s ary expe n ses we re i n c u rred the freig ht di mi
ni s he d an d the v alu e o f the ship an d c ar o reduced
g
so th at the whole am o un ted to un der 3 2 0 the
C ourt re fused with co s t s a m otion o f the ow n e rs to
d is miss the suit o f the s al v ors o n the g rou n d th at
the v alue o f the p rop e rty was u n de r 1000 ( t)
The 6 th section o f the C o u n ty C ou rts A d mira lty Cha g e
ted b y
J uri s dictio n A ct has howeve r m ade a con side rable 8 1 a 32 Vi ct
c
71
diffe re n ce i n the j uri s dictio n o f the A d miralty C ou rt
w ith respect to suits whe re the v alue is un de r 10 00
or the cl a i m un der 2 00
The C ourt n ow has j uris
dictio n to e n te rtain such cl ai m s a n d it is e nti rely a
matter for its disc retio n whethe r it will exe rcise the
j urisdictio n o r n o t ( at)

obse rves Sir Robe rt Phillimore ( a)


The re is
an e n tire ch an g e i n the la w s i n ce the decision s to
which I h ave bee n refe rred ( The W'i llia m a nd J al m
an d The L ou is a ) an d sin ce the p a s s i n g o f the Mer
ch an t S hippi ng A cts o u the la n g uag e of which these
decisions were e n ti rely foun ded ; a nd it is no lo ng er
the c ase as it was whe n tho s e deci s io n s we re g ive n
th at the C ou rt has n o disc retio n to exe rcise as to
r

ec

( t) The S tel l a, L R 1 A d 3 40
( u ) The Hig h Co urt of A d mi ral ty o f E ng lan d,
.

mo ti on b y
an y party to a n A dmi ralty c au s e pe ndi n g i n a C o u nty Cou rt,
may , i f i t shal l t hin k t, w i th p rev i o us n ot i ce to the other party,
trans fer the cau se to the Hig h Co u rt of A d mi ra lty, a nd may
o rder security for cos ts , or i mpos e s u c h o the r terms as t o the

3 1 8; 3 2 V i ct c 7 1, s 6
Co u rt may s ee m m eet
(v) The H er ma n Wed el, 39 L J A d 3 0 32
.

on

2 00

OF

LAW

TH E

SA

LV A G E

I X whether it will en tertain c a s es in which the value is


u n de r 100 0 The C ou rt ha s th at discretion an d
the refore as I h av e al re ady s aid those c ases as it
appe ars to m e
becom e in applic able altog ethe r as
affo rdi n
g any g u ide to the C o u rt in the p resen t st ate

o f the l aw
The C ou rt o f A dmi ralty ha s j u risdiction to con
P is hm t
f l vo
demu in dam ag es an d costs pl ai n tiffs who wro ng fully
ar rest an d detai n a ve s s el in respect of a clai m th a t
m ig h t h ave been p roce e ded for before the justices
C ourt
in tead f
The power o f con de mnin g a pla i n tiff i n damag es
b fo e j
ti c
is on e however which the C ou rt will exercise only
in extre me c ases I t m ay g ive a defendan t his costs
but it has re fu s ed to m u lct th e u ns uccessful plai n tiffs
in d amag es whe re the circu m s ta n ces of the c ase did
not show on thei r p art any ma la des or crass a neg li
CRA P

un

en

sa

rs

es

us

en ti a

W he re howeve r,

set of s alvo rs in respect of ser


vi ces fo r which tw o j u stice s befo re whom the cl ai m
w as sub s equ e n tly b rou g ht aw arded the m o n ly 10
instituted a s u it cl ai m i ng 8 0 0 an d arreste d the
vessel which with fre ig ht an d c arg o only am oun ted
i n v alue to 8 2 3 ; the C ou rt held the mto be liable
in d amag e s b u t u n de r the ci rcum stan ces o f the c ase
an d as the sal v ors o n le arn i n g the value of the vessel
&c withdre w from the a ction they we re on ly con
demn ed in 2 0 an d co s ts
I f the s a lv ag e ha d bee n e ffected wi thi n the
boun daries o f the C in qu e Po rts the Hi g h C ourt of
A dmiralty ret a in ed an d still ret ain s ( i n depende n tly
,

( )
a
t

122

The Ka te, B

218 2 21
-

S C 33 L J
.

( y) The E leon o re, B

L 85
.

an d

33 L J Ad 19
.

Ad

J URI S D I CTIO N
of

or

JU S TI C E S

TH E

20 1

oper ation of 3 1 3 2 V ict c 7 1 s


juris em 1x
diction eve n althoug h the am o u n t cl a im ed be un der ri s di cti
wh
2 0 0 or the v alue of the p rope rty s av ed u n de r 100 0
lv g e
The 4 6 0 th section of the Me rch an t S h ippi ng A ct
( z ) exp ressly res e rv es the j u ri s dictio n of the
Pm
n
u
r
r
a
a
P
ou
t
d
i
a
lty
f
the
C
i
q
e
o
ts
ove
s
l
v
e
C r of A m r
o
g
c ases an d the co ncurre n t j u ri s dictio n of the Hi g h
C ou rt of A d miralty with th a t C ou r t has been held to
r e m ai n u n affected by eithe r the A ct o f 18 5 4 o r the
th e

sa

on

er e
a

A ct

of

(a)

18 6 2

( z ) 17

18 V

i ct

10 4
S ee al s The Ma ri a
( a ) The J eu n e Pa u l, L R 1 A d 33 6
L u is a , S wa 6 7 ; a nd s ee 1 8; 2 G eo 4, c 7 6 ; 17
18 V i
c
10 4 , s 4 6 0
A n a ppeal l ies fr m a n a w a rd of the C n qu e
P r ts C mmi ss ners to t he H ig h C ur t o f A d mi ra l t
The
m de of app eal i s by re hearin g
S ee The Ca led n i a , 17 W R
.

..

o
o

io

ct

'

2 02

C HA PTE R X
cosrs

C s ts i n
di s re ti n
o f C u rt

co s ts of a s alvag e c au s e are ( except whe re


the st atu to ry p rovision s re fe rred to in an other pl ace
apply ) i n the di s c retio n o f the C o u rt
A lthou g h
th ey m ay n ot n ece s s arily b e g i v en to the s u cces s fu l
p arty ( a ) yet g en e rally th ey follow the eve n t an d
whe re a clai m fo r s al v ag e fail s the pl ai n tiffs m ay be
o rde red to p ay
a n d o n m an y occ a sio n s h ave bee n
the m
an d the m o re e s peci ally if the c a s e s e t u p
by the s al v o rs tu rn o u t to be a fal s e o r fraud u len t
on e ( o) ; s alvo rs who h ave bee n g u ilty o f m isco n
d u ct may a s has bee n already poin ted o u t n ot o n ly
fo rfeit their cla i m s fo r s alv ag e but be al s o con
de mmed to pay the costs o f the de fe nd an ts Th u s
TH E

G e n eral l y
f ll w
re s u l t

o o

( ) S ee The No rth S ta/r

45 5 1 The Wi lli a m, I bid


199 2 00 ; The J ha n n es , I bid 18 2 ; The I r ns i d es , I b id 4 5 8
The K ep l er, I bi d 2 0 1 ; The A l ba tr ss, 1 S pi nks , 17 5 ,
467
The Tr i d en t, I b id 2 2 4, n ( a ) The C a ta l in a , 2 I bid
n
The G olu bchi ck, 1 W Rob 14 3 ; The D i a n a , 3 2 L J A d
The L rd A u kl a n d ,
The F rti tu de, 2 W Ro b 2 17 225
5 7
I b id 3 0 1 ; The G l asg w Pa cket, I b id 3 0 6 The Ni l i n a I bid
17 5 ; The Nor th A me r i a n , S wa 46 6 ; The S t L a wr en e, 7
N tes of Ca s es , 5 5 6 The L a ur el , B 81 L 191 The A p ll , 1
Ha g g 3 0 6 3 19
( b ) The L a dy Eg id ia , Lus h 5 13 ; The Ed wa rd H a wki n s,
N
36 5 ; The D u ke of
L u s h 5 15 ; The Nymp he, 5 L
M a n hester, 10 J uris t, 8 6 3 The L n d n , B r &t L 8 2
The S us a nn a h, I b id 3 45 , n
( c) The Gi ac m , 3 Hag g
a

ush

co

o o

o o

o o

C S TS

2 03

whe re the Recei v e r o f W reck o n receivi n g a bo n d Cm x


fro m the o w n e rs o f a ship rele a sed he r an d the sal
v o rs fo rcibly re s isted the own e rs i n t akin
g po s se s sio n
the rele a se o f the v essel w as o rde red an d the s alvo rs
w ere co n d e mn ed i n co s ts ( d ) ; an d i n c ase s whe re the
C o u r t did n o t co n s ide r the m is co n d u ct o f the s alvo rs
( a s fo r i n stan ce whe re they obtru d e d thei r s e rvices
a fte r bei n
g di s ch arg ed o r p re v e n ted fu rthe r a s sist
a n ce fro m b e i n
g g i v en to the vessel) to b e o f s o se riou s
a n a t u re a s to occ a sio n a fo rfeitu re o f all s al v a e
g
r e m un e ra tio n it h as n e v e rtheless p u n ished the m by
aw ardi n
o r a xe d
g on ly t wo thi rd s o f their co s t s
s u m n o mi ne ex e n s a m m i n ste a d o f cost s
p
(f
The i n d u lg e n ce w hich the C o u rt o f A d m iralty has I d lg c
a lw ays show n to s al v o rs ho w e v er a n d the e xpedi en cy
ts
o f e n coura i n
g g th e i r exe rtion s w h ich it has alwa ys
r eco n is e d h a s freq u e n tly i n d u ced i t to ac t le n ie n tly
g
towar ds the m i n aw arding co s ts I n The P r i n ces s
D r L u s hi ng to n obse rv e s
I t has bee n
A l i ce
the policy o f the m ariti me la w o f thi s co u n try fro m
the e arlie s t ti m e s to coun te n an c e an d fa vo u r this
,

C US

6 93
S ee
The L a dy Ca ther in e B a rha m, 5 L T N
a ls
The J sep h H a rvey, 1 C Ro b 3 0 6
( ) The G l ory, 14 u ris t, 6 7 6
S ee a ls
( f ) The G l a sg w P'a ket, 2 W Ro b 30 6 3 14
S ee The Na u ti lus ,
8 07 8 09
Th e M a g d a l e n , 5 L l N
n s ent b e fo re
S wa 10 5 , w here sa l vo rs w ho a fte r a n a w a rd b y
m m en ed a s u i t i n the A d m i ra lty C u r t, a n d a ep ted
u s ti es ,
u s ti es ha d a ward ed , w ere
a t end er o f the a m un t that the
s ts ; a n d The G l r i a d e M a ri a
n d e mn ed i n d a ma g es an d
rs , w ho a fter a p pea li n g fr m the a w a rd
w here s a l
( S wa
ue P rt s C m mis s i ners , ins ti tu ted a s u i t, a nd a rres ted the
o f Ci nq
s t s , d a ma g es , d e m ur rag e , an d
n d emn ed i n
ess e l, w e re a ls
20
S ee a ls The B e lle of L a g s , L R 2 A d 3 4 5
exp en ses
A d 38
10 19 The Ma rg a r et a n d J a n e, 3 8 L
L T N
S ee a l s The Wi lli a m, 5 N te s o f
( g ) 3 W Ro b 13 8 143
Ca s es , 1 0 8

co

co

co

co

co

vo

cc

o
o co
o

o
c

en

(d )

'

2 04

LAW

THE

HA P

SA L

OF

m e ri to riou s

VA G E

clas s o f pe rs on s and nothing I conceive


w o uld be mo re cont rary to th a t poli cy or m o re l i kely
to d am p the en e rgie s o f s alvo rs in general th an the
frighten ing the m from a recours e to thi s C ou rt by a

rigid appl i cati o n o f the p rinc iple o f co s t s


The
C ourt ha s the refore not only d i s m i s s ed s u i t s on
many occ as io n s w i th out co s t s as agai n s t the plai n
tiffs ( h but i t has unde r s pec i al c ircum s t ance s even
)
allowed the s al v or wh o s e cl ai m i t rej ected the co s t s
o f the p roceed ing s as a gai n s t th e o w ne r
C sts w h ere
I f the de fend ant s tende r to the s alvors and pay
t
d
i nto C ourt a su m s ub s e quently h eld to be s u fc i ent
j ct d
a n d the s al v o rs notw i th s tandi ng p roceed wi th their
s u i t they w ill be c o nde mned i n co s t s ir) ; and w he re
(
afte r a n offe r o f 8 0 w as re fu s ed by the clai mant s
an d a tende r o f 3 0 only wa s m ade an d the C ourt
s ub s eque n tly awarded 5 0
i t neve rthe le s s re fu s ed
to give the s alvo rs co s ts ( I) If howeve r t he re are
unu s ual circum s tanc es i nvolved in the cas e the C ou rt
i s unwi lling to a pply the d o ct rin e o f c o s t s afte r ten
der ag ain s t s a lv o rs
D r L u s hington i n one ca s e

ob s e rve s : The re i s in the ve ry n a tu re o f s alvage


s e rvi ce s s o m ething so loo s e and i nden ite
and s o
dif cult to be d e te rmined by the be s t con s ti tuted
mind s w hen looking at the ir own cas e t hat I
C

en

re e

er

( h) The L i ttle J oe, L u sh 8 8 The J oha n/nee, 30 L J A d


91 95 ; The D yg d en , 1 Notes of Ca s es , 115 118
The Up n or,
2 Hag g 3 ; The Z ep hy r, I b id 4 3 4 8 ; The M u lg r a ve, I bi d
,

7 7 ; The H a rri ot, 1 W

Ro b

T he Ra ng er , 9 uri s t, 119 12 0 The F ra n es a/nd E l iz a


,
2 ods 115 12 1 The V i n e, 2 Hag g 1 3
( It ) The Comy n ex H on or, L R 1 A d 8 7 The B a ta mer, 1
Sp in ks, 169 The Pa r is , bi d 2 8 9 The B l a k B oy , 3 Ha
gg
306
( l) The Hedwig , 1 Spi n ks , 19 2 4

'

O S TS

2 05

not incl ined to p re s s the doctrine to its full


extent
The C ou rt w ill not o rdi narily h oweve r in s uc h a
cas e grant co s ts as i t w ould be h olding out an induce
m ent to s al v o rs to rej e ct a dequate tende rs
I f the fo rm al ten der b y act o f C ou rt h a s been p re
ceded b y a tende r out o f C ou rt of a su m equal to or
greater tha n th at s ub s equently fo rm ally tendered an d
a ccepted the s alvo rs m a
y be re fu s ed th ei r co s t s s u b
I n s uch a cas e h owever the
s equent to the offe r
C ourt will not only re fu s e to take cogni s a nce of loo s e
n e o ci atio n s and o ffe rs whi ch end in not hi ng but i t
g
requi re s a s a C ou r t o f C o mm on L aw w ould th at the
s u m o ffe red s h ould be tende red i n m oney o r i n b a nk
note s
The tende r m u s t ei the r o ffe r to pay the co s t s of
th e s alvo r or s tate the ground s on w hi ch the pay
m ent i s re s i s ted ( p )
a nte
Pra cti ce
S ee furth e r on this s ubj ect
am

( m ) The Wi l l ia m, 5 Notes of Cases , 10 8 110 S ee also The


H op ew el l, 2 S pi nk s , 2 4 9
(n ) The H op ewell u bi s up ra ; The S overeig n , 1 Lu s h 8 5
( 0 ) J u dg ment of D r L u s hi n g ton , The S over ei g n , u bi su pr a
( p ) The H i ckma n , L R 3 A d 15
-

Cu m

CHA PTE R XL
A PPE A L

appeal l ie s from the d ec is i on of the C ourt of


A dm iralty to the Priv y C o uncil and from the
decisi on o f the j us ti ce s or o f a C ounty C ourt judge
to the C ou rt o f A d miralty
The J udi ci al C ommi ttee o f th e Privy C ouncil are
u n wrllm
g to i nterfe re Wi th the j udg ment o f the C o u rt
appealed fro m whe re the que s ti o n I S one o f am ount
whic h re s ted in the d is creti on o f the j udge o f the
C ou r t below ( a ) and t hey w ill re fu s e to d i s tu rb
the am ount o f com pen s a ti on a w a rd e d by the C ou r t
below unle s s the d iffe rence between th at am ount
and the s u m whi c h in their j udgment sh ould
have b e en given i s very co n s i de rable ( b)
No r
wi ll they i nte rfere w ith a s alvage award on the
groun d tha t the j udge o f the C ou rt of A d miralty
has gi ven to o l arge a s u m to the s alv o rs unle s s
t hey are s atis ed beyond all doubt th at he has
m ade an ex orbi tant e s ti ma t e o f t heir s e rvi ce s
W he re a party s eek s by a ppe al to di m ini sh or i n
crease s uch an award he unde rtake s a ve ry difcult
AN

A pp e al to
Pri y C o u n

oil as

to

am ou n t

d is
co n rag e d
.

( a ) Th Cl arisse, Swa

12 9 13 4 ; The S cin dia , L


-

..

2 4 1 2 49
Ad 9
( b ) The E ng l a nd , 38 L
( ) The F usi leer, B 8; L 3 41 3 5 0
-

J
.

R
.

1P C
.

A PPEA L

PR

IVY

TO

O U NC I L

2 07

tas k ; but neve rthele ss if an exce s s or exorbitance C HA P X I


exis t s th e Judicial Co mmi ttee w ill exe rc is e th ei r
own j udgm ent as to the p roper r e m unerat ion to the
s a lvo rs
and r educe i t to a j us t and reas onable
amo unt ( 0!
Thu s whe re the C ou rt o f A d miralty
awarded 3 15 0 for s alva ge s e r vi ce s whi ch the
Jud ic ial C o mmittee con si de red would be s uf c iently
re m un e ra t e d by 15 00 the y r educed the award to
the l a tte r a m ount ( e )
I f i n the s a me way the
Pri vy C o uncil should be o f op i n i o n t hat the s u m
aw arded i s i n s uf c ient they w ill i nc reas e i t to s uc h
an am o unt as they con s ider reas onable Thu s in
The Tr u e B l u e ( f ) wh e r e a de reli ct ve s s el and
c argo o f the value o f 14 5 2 w as s aved by a s team e r
w hich w i th her cargo w as o f the value of
th e Priv y C ounci l i nc rea s e d a s alvage award o f the
V i ce A d mi ralty fro m 3 0 0 to 4 5 0
The appeal mu s t be a s s e rted w ithi n fteen d ay s Tim f
p p li g t
fro m the date o f the o rd e r appealed fro m
Thi s t h P ivy
C
cil
may be done by the s oli ci to r o f the party appealing
g i vi ng pe rs onal n otice to the Re g is trar o f the C ou rt
o f A d mi ralty wh en the dec ree i s m ade
o r by an
in s t ru ment o f appeal w hi c h i s s ub s equently drawn
up be fo re a notary and atte s ted by two wi tne s s e s
The appellant has t hen a pe ri od o f a year and a day
withi n w hich to p ro s ecute his appe al ( g )
,

or

ea

ou n

( d ) J u dg me nt of Lord Chel ms ford


( e) The Cheta h u b i s up r a S ee

The Cheta h, 3 8 L J A d 1
a lso The Tr ue B l ue , L R
,
The S tea m
A nd see a lso P r en d evil le
1 P C 25 0
Na vig ati on Comp a n y, 3 8 L J A d 9
( f ) Ubi s u pr a
(g ) A s to the pra ti e i n cas es of a ppeal to the Pri y Cou n il,
Bru e,
the read er i s referred to the w orks of Mes rs Wi llia ms
a nd Mr Coo te, u p on the practi e of the Co urt of A dmi ra l ty
.

'

c c

c
c

2 08
C

H P
A

T HE

XI

LAW

O F SA L V A G E

App ea l f ro m the Cou n ty Coy/r t

appeal li e s to the High C ourt of A dmi ra lty


from a n al d e c re e o r ord er o f a C ounty C ou rt
j udge and with the perm is si on of the judge from
any inte rlocu tory decree on s ecu rity for co s t s being
g iven and the regulat i on s o f the G eneral O rde rs as
to appeal s co mplied with
No appeal howeve r i s
to be allowed where the partie s before the dec ree or
orde r i s made hav e agreed by m e morandum that
n or unle s s
the decree o r or de r s h all be nal ( i )
the am ount decre ed to be due exceed s 5 0
This re s tricti on d o e s not howeve r apply to an
appeal by a plai ntiff who s e s ui t has been dis
m iss ed
The re i s no furthe r appeal to th e Pri vy
C ouncil except by the exp re s s per mis s i on o f the
Judge of the Hi gh C ou rt of A d miralty
I t i s al s o p rov i ded t hat no appeal s h all be al
lowed unle ss the i n s trum ent of appeal is lo dged in the
Regis try of the High C ourt o f A dmiralty wi thi n ten
days from the d ate o f the decree or order a ppealed
from
The judge o f the High C ou rt o f A d miral ty
m ay h owever on s u fci ent cau s e being s hown to his
s ati s faction for s uch o mi ss i on allow the appeal to be
p ro s ecuted notwi ths tanding that the i n s tru ment o f
a p eal has not been lodged w i thi n th e ten day s n
p
( )
The co s t s of an un s ucce s s ful appeal are to be bo rne
An

ss

Co t

of

( h) 31 85 32 V i ct

7 1,

26
There is no pro is ion in the
G e neral O rd ers as to County Cou rt appeals
7 1, s 2 8
( i ) 31 a 32 V ict
( k) Ib id s 3 1
( l ) The D octor V an Twn en Te ll o (not reported)
( m) 3 1 a 32 V ict c 7 1, a 2 9
( n) l b i d a . 2 7
.

s.

A PP A L

2 09

by the a ppell ant unle s s the A ppellate C ou rt s hould o x i


othe rw is e o rde r
No a ppeal lie s to the Pri vy C ounc il fro m a d e c re e A pp l t
i
or o r de r o f the Hi gh C ou rt o f A d mi ralty o n
a E
di n
C ounty C ou rt A ppe al except by exp re s s pe rmi s s i on
o f the ju d ge o f the H i gh C ou rt o f A d m i ralty
A pp ea l s m ay be m a de and c a u s e s t ran s fe rre d to A p p l t
t f
C
the C ou rt o f A d mi ralty o f the C i nqu e Port s i n the A di i gl ty
f Ci q
s am e way and s ub e ct to the s am e re g ul a ti on s a s to P ts
j
the H ig h C ou rt o f A d m iral t y i n ca s e s whi ch ari s e
w i thi n the j uri s d icti on o f t he s e po rt s p )
A s to th e s al e o f th e v e s s el o r p ro perty b y the S l f p
p ty b y
High C ou rt o f A dm i ral tv i n the cas e of a n appeal H ig h C t
f
193
s ee a n te p
n

ea

t o

ea

n r

or

ue

'

a e o

ro

er

ori r

A pp ea l

om

J u s ti ce s

No appeal fro m the aw a rd o f the ju s ti ce s is


al lo w e d unle s s th e s u m i n dis pute exc eed s 5 0 n or
unle s s the appella n t w it hi n ten d ay s a fte r the d a te o f
the a w ard gi v es not ic e to the j u s ti ce s to wh o m the
m atte r w as re fe rred o f hi s intent i on to appe al n or
unle s s the app ell ant p roc ee d s to t ake o u t a m o ni ti on
o r to t ake s uc h ot h e r p roce e d i ng s as acco rd ing to
the p racti ce o f the C o u rt o f A ppeal a re nec e s s a ry fo r
the i n s ti tut i on o f an appeal wi thi n twenty d ay s fro m
t he date o f the aw ar d
in thi s s ectio n have M i g
s u m i n d i s pute
The wo rd s
m i
been held to m e an not the s u m aw arded by the d i I t
ju s ti ce s but tha t cl ai m e d by the s alvo rs and wh e re
the latte r i n the p roceeding s be fo re the m ag i s trate s
,

of

ea n n

32 V i ct
(n ) 31
( 0 ) Ib i d 8 2 9
( p ) I b id 8 3 3
( q) 17 8c 18 V i ct

7 1,

30

10 4,

46 4

su

s Ju e

2 10
Can

LA W

TH E

XI

OF

VA G E

SA L

clai med a certain am o un t o f s al v age not exceeding


and app ealed from the decis ion o f th e ju s ti ce s
th e C ourt h eld tha t th e s alvo rs
aw ardi n g th e m 24
w ere enti tled to appe al a n d a dj udg e d th e m a n ad
W he re h o weve r
dition al s u m of 2 0 an d c o s t s
the s alv ors s ent i n a fo r mal d em and fo r 4 0 to the
a
o wn er a n d a fte rw ard s cl ai med be fo re th e j u s t i ce s
and the ju s tice s we re of
s u m not exceed i ng
o p i ni on that no s alvage w ha tever wa s due th e C ou rt
o f A d m i ralty held t ha t it had no j u ri s d ict i on to
ente rt ain an appe al b ro ugh t by the s al v o rs fro m t hi s
o rde r an d d is mis s ed i t wi th c o s t s ( a)
The C ou rt o f A d miralty i s equ ally unw i lling a s
the Pri v y C ounc i l to encourage s alvag e app e al s
w here the que s tio n i s m erely one o f amount and in
s uch c as e s th e bur den al w ay s l ie s on the appell a nt
e s peci ally whe re the d e c is io n appealed fro m i s a
decis ion of d is c reti on ( t)
The C ou rt e s pec ially
w he re the a ppe a l i s fro m a d eci s i on o f p ers o n s
acqu ainted wi th th e l o cal it y rel ie s to s o me extent on
the loc al s k ill o f t ho s e w ho dec i de the que s ti on but
the judge by who m the appeal i s he ard w i ll neve r
the le s s exe rc i s e hi s own j udg ment up o n i t and i f
the s u m aw a rded i s e n ti rely i n s uf ci ent fo r the
he w ill a ct upon hi s o wn judg
s e rvi ce s rend e re d
m ent an d dec i de acco rd i ngly ( u )
The C ou r t h as on
,

Un w i ll i n g
ne
of
C o u rt t o
i n te rfe r e
w i th
a m ou n t on
a p p ea l

ss

Lu s h 5 6
( r ) The A n d r ew W i ls on , Br
( s ) The M a ry A n n e, b id 3 3 4 S ee als o The G en er ous , 2
L R A d 5 7 , w here the Co ur t entertai n ed a n a ppea l of the
la i m b e in g 5 5
o wn e rs fro m the d e i s ions of j u s ti e , t he
for g etti ng an an hor on b oa rd, and 5 0 for p la in g the ess el i n
afety
( t ) u dg men t of Dr Lu s hing to n, The Cu ba , Lu s h
(a ) J u dg ment of Dr L u hing to n, The M es s eng er, S wa 191
S ee The V esta, 2 Ha g g 18 9
.

cs

A PPEA

2 11

many o ccasi ons i ncreased the s u m awarded b y C


x1
j u s tices Th u s w here sal vo rs b ro u g ht a b arg e off a
d ang ero u s pos itio n near t he N o re S and and claimed
8 0 a n d the mag istra t es a t M ai dstone awarded
them 15 only the C ou rt o f A dmiralty on appeal
held tha t thi s s u m was to t al ly i nadequ ate for the ser
vi ces rendered and that there had b een a g ross mis
carriag e o f j u stice on the part o f the mag istrates and
aw a rd e d the salvors 4 0 wi t h co sts
and where
the j u s ti ces in a case where it was alle g ed that the
salvo rs had ag reed to render the s e rvice for 8 8 6 d
di smi ssed t he clai m the C o u rt h o ldi ng that real da n
g er had b een i ncu rred b y the s alvo rs i n renderin g the
servi ce set asi de the ag reement a s fu tile and g ave the
U nless the s u m awarded
cl a im ants 10 and c o sts
b e w h o lly i nadeq u ate however the C o u rt w ill no t
d is t u rb i t even altho ug h i t c o nsi ders the services
s u ch t h a t if the case had c o me b e fo re it orig inally
i t m ig ht have g iven a larg er a m ou nt
edi n g
Up o n an appeal b e in g made i t is the d u ty o f the P

;
1
Ju sti ce s to transm i t to the pr o per o i cer o f the Cou rt a d d
o f A ppeal a certi ed copy o f the pro ceeding s b e fore
them and o f the i r award acco mpanied b v a certi
cate of t he g ross val u e o f the a rticle respectin g whi ch

i
t
i
s
o
i
sal vag e i s claimed ; and
pr v ded that s u ch
c o py and cer t i cate shall b e adm i t te d in the C o urt o f
A pp e al as ev idence in the ca u se
(a)
an

roce

(x) The H a rri et S wa 2 18


( y) 7 7w Pha ntom L R 1 A d
,

( z ) The J e an e L ou is e, 3 7 L J
( a ) 17 a 18 V ict c l o 4 a 46 5
.

5 8
A d 32
.

A P PE ND I X

2 G

EO R G E

IV

CA P 7 6
.

AN A ct to

co nti nu e and amend certai n A cts for


preventing the vario u s Frau ds and D epredatio ns
c o m m i tted o n Merchants S hip o wners and Un
d e rwri ters b y B o atmen and o thers w i thi n the
J u ri sdi ctio n o f the Ci nqu e Ports ; and als o for
remedy ing certai n defects relati ve to the adj u st
ment o f S alvag e u nder a S tatu te made in the
Twelfth Y ear o f the Re ig n o f her late Maj esty
Q u een A nne
[ 2 n d J u ly 18 2 1
,

W he reas b y

A ct p as s e d i n the fo rty e ig hth y ear of his 4 G e o


l at e M a j es ty ki n g G eo rg e t he Thir d , i n ti t ul e d A n A ct 0 130
fo r p re ve n t i ng F rau ds a n d D ep re d a t io n s co mm i tte d o n
n d e r w ri t e rs , b y Bo at me n
M er ch a n ts , S h ip O w n e rs , a n d
u e Po rt s
a n d o t he rs , w i t hi n the J u ris di c ti o n o f the Ci n q
certai n D efe cts r ela ti v e to the
a n d a ls o for re m e d y i n g
A d j u s t m en t o f S a l v ag e , u n d e r a S t a t u t e m ad e i n t he
w hi c h A ct
T w elfth y e a r o f h er la t e M a j es t y Q u ee n A n ne
w as to c o n t i n u e i n fo r c e for s e v e n y e a rs , an d fro m t he n c e
A n d w he reas
to the e n d o f the n e x t s es s i on o f parli a me n t
b y a n A ct p as s ed i n the fty thi rd y ea r of hi s late M a j e s ty
ki n g G e o rg e the Thi rd , the s a id ab o v e re ci t e d A ct, e x ce p t
s o fa r a s t he s a m e w as a l t ere d , w as furt he r c o n t i n u ed i n
fo r c e fo r se ve n y e ars from the pas s i n g o f the s a i d A ct, a n d
fro m t he n ce to the e n d o f the ne x t sess i o n o f p arl ia me n t ,
a n d n o l o n g e r : A n d w he rea s i t is e x p e d i e n t t ha t t he s a id
re ci ted A cts s ho u ld b e fu rt he r co nt in u ed , e x cep t so fa r as
the s am e ar e a l t ere d b y t his A ct ; b e it t herefo re e n a ct ed

b y th e Ki ng s mos t E xcell en t Maj es ty , b y a n d w i th t he


an

3,

2 14

D IX

A PPE N

r
t

t of
this

r l

the Lo ds S pi itu al an d Temp o a ,


an d Common s , i n
p res en p a l ia me n as s e m b l e d, a n d
b y the a u hori y of the s a m e , Th a i t shall a n d m ay b e
L o rd W ard en la wful for the L o rd W a d e n of the Ci n u e Po ts fo r th e
q
ti me b ein g to n omi n a e a n d a pp o in , b y a ny i n s u me n or
co mm i s
i ns r u men s u n d e his ha n d an d seal , h e e o r m o e s u b
s i o ners to
d e ermi n e
s , t w o a n i en
s ta n ti al p e sons i n ea h o f t he Ci nq
ue Po
d iffere n es
o w ns , a n d
he i m e m b e s , to a d u s an d d e e mi n e a n y
re la i e to
di ffe en e el a i e t o s al a g e ( w hi h may ari s e ) b e w e e n t he
s a l ag e
mas e o f a n y essel an d the pe son or p e so n s b i n g i n g
s u ch
ab l es and an h o s a s ho e ; an d i n cas e an y s hi p o r
e s s el s h all b e e i h e
fo ed or cu t f om her a b l es a n d
a
id en
a n ho s b y e
e mi y of w e a he , or b y an y o h e
w hate e , an d l ea e the s a m e i n an y oad s ea d , or o he
pla e wi hi n the u is d i io n of the Ci n qu e Por s , tw o
an ci en
m e mb e rs , a n d the s al ag e a n n o
ow ns , an d hei
b e ad u s ed b e w een the p ers o n s on ce n ed, hen the sam e
s hall b e d e ermi n e d b y an y three o r more of the s ai d
p e s on s s o to b e ap p o i n e d as afo es aid , w i hi n t he s pace
of
e n y fo u he u s af e s u h diffe e n e s hall b e e fe red
to the m fo r heir d e e mi n a i on he eof, a n y u sag e o r
cu s o m to the
on
ary i n a n y wi se no w i hs a n din
C omm is
g : Pro
s i on ers to
vid ed al w ay s
ha s u h C omm iss i on e s s hall , i mm e dia ely
a p p oi n
a
af e
heir n omi n ati o n , p o e ed to e e some t a n d p op e
s e re ary
ao d i n a y in
or reg i s er
p e s on , w ho s hall b e a n o a y or mas e e
s u b je
to
Chan e y , as he i s e e a y or eg i s e , e ep t o the
t h e ap p ro
of D o e , w he e t he
eg i s e
for the i m e b e i ng of
po
b ati on o f
the Cour
of A d m i al y of t he Ci nq
u e Po ts s hal l b e the
th e L o rd
e g is e ; a nd w hi h s e re ar
W a rd en
y or eg i s e , s hall en e i n a
fo r ha p u rp os e, all the p o e e d i n g s o f
Pro e edi ng s b oo k , to b e kep
to b e en
s u h Co mm is s ion e s , a n d als o a
opy of t he a w ard s w hi h
te re d
hey s hall fro m i me to i me mak e ; b u t s u ch el e i o n o f
s e retari es . o r e i s ers , s h all b e s u b e
to the a pp o b a io n
g
o f th e L o d W ard e n fo r t he i m e b ei n
g
Po w er to
2 A nd b e i t fu he e n a e d , Tha it s hall b e l a w ful for
o m mi s s i on
the s aid Commis s i o n e s to b e ap po in ed as afo e sa id , to
e rs to s e l e
d e i d e on all claims a n d d e m a n ds w ha e e , w hi h s ha ll or
a l l d i ffe r
e n ce s w h i h m a
y b e ma de b y p il o s , ho ell e s , b oa men , a n d o he
m ay ari s e
p e s o n s , for s e i es of a n y s o t o r d es c ip ion e n d e e d to
a n y s hip or
es s el , as w ell for
a
y i ng o f f o m the s ho e
to s u h s hip or es s el, any a n cho s , ab les , o r o h e s o es
fro m a ny p ar or po o f th e oas o f
en , S us s e , E s ex,
or th e I s l e of Than e , wi hin t he
uri s di cti on afo resa id , as
for the eon d u cti ng an d co n ey i n g su ch s hips an d ves els f o m
the Do wns , an d o he b a y s an d oad s e ads o n the coast o f
e nt, S us se , an d E ss e , a n d t he i s la n d of Tha ne
or
,
fro m the sea o r an y o he p la e, t o Rams g ate, D o ve , o r
an y o he
ha b ou , p o , or pl a ce, on the s aid co a s s ,
wi hin the u is di io n afo es a id , or for the e i ng a n d p re
u is di
se
i ng ,
i hi n the
i on afo esaid , any g ood s o r
S ee r

a d vi ce and

cons en

tv

r c r
t r
c

c r
vr
c
t
tt
j t

r
tw t

r
tv
v

x tr

t r

j t

t r
t

c
t r cc

t
t r
t

r c
r r
t
t r
t
t t t
r
t
t
t rt
r c
l ct
r r
c t
r
t r
t r xt r r
r
t
ct
cr
t r cr t r
r t r xc t
rt
vr
r
r t r
t
t
r t
r
r tr
c c t
r t r
t r
t
t t
r c
c
c
r
c
c
t
t
t
ct
c
r t
j ct
r t
r
t
rt r
ct
t
c
r
t
r
tt
c
t vr
c
c
t
v r
t
t r
r
rv c
r
r t r
r
v
c rr
r
r
c
v
r c
t r t r
t
rt
c t K t
x
t t
j
v
r
t r
r
t
K
x
x
t
t r
c
r
t r r r
rt
t
t
r
v
j r ct
rv
wt
j r ct
r
-

r
r
t
c tr
t t c

rt

ct

t
t r
t r

r
tr

t r

c
r

c r
r
t r rc
v
j r

rc

GEO

4,

76

CA P

2 15

r
r

m e ha n d is e wr e k ed s t an d e d , o r as t a w a y f o m a n y S HO TS 3 4
s hi p o r es s e l t he m as t e o r o w n e s t he e o f, o r t he i
ag e n t s ,
b e i n g p es en t a t the pl a e w he e the C o mm i s s i o ne s s hal l
b e s i tt i n g
a n d t ha t the s a id C o mm i s s i o n e rs s ha l l h a e fu l l
p o w e a n d a u t ho i t y to hea a n d d e te mi n e o n a ll as es
w ha t e e
b oa t m e n , a n d
of s e
i c es
e n d e e d b y p ilo t s ,
o t he s ,
to s hi ppi ng
u i s di ti o n
a fo es ai d ,
w it hi n th e
w he th e s u h s hips o r es s el s s ha l l b e i n d i s t es s o r n o t ;
a n d t ha t i t s ha l l b e l a w fu l fo r th e s ai d C o mm i s s i o ne s ,
w h en e e t hey s e e o as i o n , to e a m i ne t he p a rt i e s o r th e i
w i t n es s e s u p o n t he i
o a t hs , w hi h o a t hs s hal l a n d m a y
b e a d m i n is te e d b y the s a i d s e e t a y or e g is t e
3 A n d b e i t fu rt he e n a t e d , Tha t i t s ha ll b e l a w fu l C o m mi s
0 be

for the C o mm is s i o n e rs s o to b e app o i n t e d , a n d t he i s e e


3
w
d
n
a
n
s
u
h
t a y o r eg is t e as a fo es a id, ho s hal l e id e o
y
8
'
la i m s o r d e m an d s as a fo es a id , t o d em a n d a n d e ei e of for th ei r
a n d f o m the o w n e rs o f s u h s hip s o r
es s e l s , o r t he p ro tro u b l e s u h
s
n
ee
r
i
rs o f a n
h
n d i z e s , a a i n s t w ho m
r
e
t
o
s
u
h
o
o
d
s
o
m
e
a
p
y
g
g
vv
e
a n y p il o t , b oa t m a n , o r o t he
p e s on s ha l l m a k e a n y l a i m b y th e o r d
o r d e m a n d fo r s e r i e s o f a n y s o t
en d e e d to s u h s hi p s W a rd en
i ng a n y g oo d s
or
e s s e l s , or fo r t h e s o l e s a i n g an d p e s e
as t a w a y w i t hi n
o r m e r h a n d i s es w r e k e d , s t a n d e d , o r
t he u is di t i o n a fo e s a id ; a n d s u h o w n e s a n d p o p i e
t o s a re he e b y equ i e d to pa y to t hem s u h fee o r e w a d
fo r d e idi n g o n e e y s u h l a im a nd d e m an d , a s s ha ll b e
a d u d g e d to t he m i n t h a t b e h a l f b y th e L o d W a d e n o f
the Cin qu e Po ts fo r th e t i m e b e i n g : P o vi d e d a l w ay s , No om m i s
t ha t n o p e s o n to b e app oi n ted a o mm is s io n e b y i tu e o f S l n ertS h u
t his A ct s ha ll ha e po we o r a u tho i ty to a ct i n a n y o the e
p o rt o r pl a e t ha n t ha t i n w h i h he i s es id e nt , o r f o m w h e re h e i s
w h i h hi s u s u al p l a e o f es id e n e i s n ot d i s t a n t m o e t h a n res i d en t
a n d t ha t b efo e s u h C o mm i s s i on e s s h a ll i n Q C m m i S
o n e mil e ;
o
e
h
f
o
l
any
as e p o ee d to a c t, the y s ha ll s e e a ll y t a k e t e
l o w i n g o a t h b e fo e a m a g is t a t e o r a C o m mi s s i o ne o f the foll o w i n g

i ng s B en h o r C o mm o n Pl eas , o r a M as t e o ath
Co u t of
E t a o d i n a y i n Chan e y
( vi d eli et, )

v
r

r
rv

v r

cc
r

c
j r

c
r

v r

cr

r c

r
xr r

K
r

r r

c
c
c

c
cr

r c v

rc

r r
r r

vr

vr

c
g ig gg
L
.

r
c

cr
c
3 2;

rv

c c

r
v

j r

vc

r
r

vr

c
z
r g

zz z

B d o s w ear, Tha t I ha v e n ot, ne i t he r w ill I i n F orm 0


Ua t h
a n y w a y , d i re c t l y o r i n di re c t l y , t a k e o r re c e i v e a n y fee ,
e m o l u m e n t , o r re w ar d , fro m any o f t h e p a r t i es w h o s e
i n t ere s ts are refe rre d to my d e c is io n ( s a v e a nd e x c e p t s u c h
fe e o r re wa rd as s ha ll, b e allo w e d b y th e L o rd W a r d en to
b e p a id t o m e b y the s hip o w n er s o r p rop ri e t o rs o f the
ca rg o , o r their ag en ts ) ; a n d t ha t I w i ll n o t a ccep t o r
re c ei v e an y fee W ha te v er fro m the p ers o n s cl ai mi ng re w ard
b u t t h a t I w il l d e ci d e a cco rd i n g to the b e s t o f
o r s al v a g e
m y j u dg m e n t , o n the e vid e n ce to b e b ro u g ht b efo re m e ,
S o help m e
w i t h o u t fa vou r or a ffe c t ion to ei t h er p a r ty

d
o
G

I A

A n d b e i t fu rther

e na

c te d

Tha t i n

cas e the party

ti

or Par

es

d is

2 16

DI X

A PPE N

cla im ing to b e e n ti tl e d to s al vag e or co mp en s a


tio for s er vi ce s r en d e red a s a fo res aid or the p a rt y or
ti d
p a rt i es w h o a re to p a y th e s a m e or the i r a g en t s s ha ll b e
m y p p l di s s a ti s e d wi t h s c h aw a r d an d d e ci s i o n of the C omm i s
t th H i g h
s i o n ers
i t s hall
d m a y b e l a w fu l for ei t he r o f th e m
C
t f
res p e cti vely w i t hi n eig ht d y s aft e r s u ch a w a rd i s m a d e
A d m i l ty
th A d
b u t no t a ft er w a rd s to d e cl are to the C om mi s s i on e r s hi s or
m i l ty f
their d es ire o f o b ta i n i g the j u dg me t o f s o m e c ompe t en t
th C i q
P t
b t c o r t o f a d mir al ty r e s p e c t i n g th e s a i d s al va g e o r c o w p e n
th
h ip t
s a t io
a s afo re s a id an d t he r eu p o n s u c h p a r ty or p ar t i e s s hal l
b li b
t d fo rt hw i th b e r q i red b y the C o m m s s io ne rs to d e cl are
g i vi g
w he th e r h e o th y w i l l p ro c ee d i the C ou r t o f A d m i ra l ty
b il i
o f th e Ci q e Po rt s o r t h e H i g h C o u r t o f A d m i r a l t y o f
d
b l th
m
t f E ng l a nd a nd h e o r they s hall s o pro c e d w i t hi n t w e ty
th
w d
d a y s fro m the d a t e o f s u c h a w a r d b y t aki g o t a m o n i t i on
a a i s t t he a d v e rs e
g
par t y b u t i s ch c a se the s a id C o m
m i s s i o ers a re he r e b y e mp o w e red a n d re qu i re d to p e rm i t
th e s a i d s hip
d h e c a rg o
o t w i t hs t an d i ng s u ch d ecl a
ratio n a n d pro c ee d i ng t o d e part o n h er v o y ag e o r to
d eli v e r t o the o w n ers a n d pro pri e t o rs or t he ir a g en t s a n y
g o o d s o r m e r cha n di s es r es p e c t i ng w h i ch an y cl a im for
s a l va e s hall b e m a d e u o
th e o w ne rs o r p ro pri et ors of
g
p
the s am e o r t h e i r ag en t s g i v i ng g oo d an d s u ffi c i en t b a il
B il t b
i n d o b l e the a m o u n t o f the s u m a w a rd e d ; an d w hi c h
tk
d
b a il t he sa id C o mm i ss io n ers o r a ny o f t he m a re a n d i s
c ti d
c rd i g t hereb y a t hori sed to t a ke a n d ce rtify a cco rdi ng to the form
co n tai ed i n the s ch ed u l e hereu t o a e xe d a n d t o t ran s
ch d l
d
m it t he s a m e w i t ho t d el a y to th e C ou r t o f A d m i ra l ty i n
whi c h th e i n t en t i o
of p ro c e d i g
s h a l l b e s o d e c l a re d
t og e ther w i t h a tru e c erti fi c a t e i n w ri ti g of the g ro ss
va l e o f th w hol e s hip a nd c rg o o r o th r g oo d s a nd mer
c ha n di s es res p e c t i
g w hi ch s a l v g e s ha ll b cl ai me d an d
a l s o a n o f ci al c o py o f s ch p ro c ee d i
g s a n d a w ard s ce r
ti e d b y t he s a id s e cre t ary or r g i s t e r a d t h e s a m e s h ll
b e a d mi tt e d b y s u ch co u r t o f a d m i r al t y a s e v i d e n c e i n the
cau s e
Th
5
Pr o v i d e d al w a y
a d b e i t fu r th e r e n a c t e d Th a t o n
pp l
t b
an app ea l s o a s af r es aid b e i n g m ad e to the Co u r t o f A d
l iv
mi ral ty o f the C i q e Po r ts o r to the H i g h C o u r t o f
A d m i ral t y th sam e s ha ll b e t a k e a n d hel d to b e nal
a n d n o u l teri r a pp a l fr om s e t e c e of th e C ou r t o f
A d m ira l ty o f the C i n qu e Po rt s o r fr o m the H ig h Co u r t o f
A dm iral t y s ha l l lie to the K i n g i Chan c ery
S 6 to 14 re p eal e d b y 17
18 V i c t c 12 0 s ch e d u l e
Th L d
A d b e i t fu r t he r e a c t e d t ha t the L o rd W a rd en
15
d
W d
u e Po rt s
fo r the t im e b e i g
o f th e C i n q
a n d the L i e u
h i d p ti
te nan t of D o v er C as tl e for the t i me b e i g a n d the D e pu ty
j dg
t h v th
W ard e ns o f the Ci qu e Por ts fo r the t i me b e i g a n d t he
li k p w
J
u dg e O ffi c i al a n d C o mmi ss a ry o f the C o u r t o f A d mi ra l t
y
j ti c
of the Ci n u e Por ts tw o a n c i e n t t o w n s a n d the mem b e r
S nore 5

15

parti es

so

sa

ea

ou r

an

ra

or

ra

or s

e s

era e

on

ue

ou

ou n

e a

ar

an

'

en an

er

u e

an n e x e

ac

nn

e a

ea

s,

e con

e.

e us

or

en

ar

er

f t he p eace

es ,

es

us

an

e,

as

GEO

4,

76

CA P

2 17

thereof fo r the ti m e b ei ng a n d any o ther of c er w ho s hall S


b e s p ci al l y a pp o i n t e d b y t he L o rd W a rd e
a n d a ll a n d
e v e ry o f t he m
s ha l l a n d m a y e x e c u t e
p e rfo rm a n d d o
W i t hi n t he j ri s d i c t i o n afo res a id all t he a c t s m a tt e rs a n d
i ggg
thi ng s c o n tai ne d i n t his A ct i n li ke m a nn e r to a ll i n t en t s A t
a n d p ur p os e s
as
a ny mag i s t rat e o r m a g i s t ra t es
or a y
co mm is s io n e r or c ommis s io n e rs to b e appoi n t e d b y vi r t u e
o f t hi s A c t i s a n d are a u t ho ri s e d t o e x e c u t e
p e rfo rm a n d

E CT

16 _

n,

0 3 0 0 3 11113

tb i s

d o th e s a m e
16 A n d w h ere a s b y a c er t a in A ct p as s e d i n th e t w en t y Mari n er 0 i
e ig h t h y ea r o f t h e rei g n of K i n g H e n ry th e E ig h t h , i n

i
u
t t l ed F o r Pirat es , i t i s a mo n g o t her t hi ng s e na c t ed to the p u n ish
th e e ffe c t fo ll o w i ng t ha t w hen e v er a n y c o m mi s s i o n fo r the m en t o f
e n e s
u
n
i
s
h
m
en
t
f
c
e
r
t
a
i
n
o
f
f
e
n
c
es
t
h
e
r
e
i
n
n
a
m
e
d
s
h
a
ll
b
e
o
p
l f t?
di re c t e d o r s e n t t o a n y pl a c e w i t hi n t he j u ris di c t io n o f the
15
v e p o rt s , t ha t t hen e v e ry s u ch co m m i s s i o n s ha ll b e
dir e c t e d u n t o t he L o rd W a rd en o f the s a id p o r t fo r the
ti m e b e i n g , o r to h i s d ep u t y , o r u n t o thr ee o r fo u r s u c h
p e rs o n s a s the L o rd C ha n ce ll o r fo r t he t im e b e i n g s ha ll
n am e a n d a pp o i n t : A n d w he re a s b y t he s a i d A ct i t i s
fu r t he r en a c t ed t o the e ffe c t fo ll o w i ng , t ha t e v e ry i n qu i s i
ti o n a n d t ri al to b e ha d b y v ir t u e o f s u ch c o mm i s s i o n , sha ll
b e m a d e a n d ha d b y the i n ha b i t a n t s of t he s a i d v e p o rt s ,
o r th e m e m b e r s o f t h e s a m e
A n d w h e re as o f a l o n g t i m e
p as t , n o s u c h c o m mi s s i o n ha s b een s en t to a n y p l a c e w i t hi n
t he j u r i s d i c t i o n o f the C i nqu e Po r t s : B e it e n a c t ed , for
th e m o re c ert a i n a n d s p e e d y a d m i n i s t ra ti o n o f j u s t i ce,
Tha t as o ft e n as hi s M a j e s ty s ha ll d i re c t a c omm is s i o n ,
a cc o rd in g
to t he p ro vi s i o n s o f th e a fo res a id A ct, t o the
a d m i ra l o r a d m i ra ls , or hi s or t he i r l i e u t e n a n t d ep u t y a n d
d e p u t i es , i t s ha ll a n d m ay b e l a w fu l fo r his M aj es t y , o n
th e a ppli c a t i o n o f t he L o r d W a r d e n o f t he C i n qu e Po rt s ,
t o d ir e c t s u ch co m m is s i o n j o i n t ly to th e a dm i ra l o r a d
mi r als , o r his o r th e i r li eu t ena n t d e p u ty a n d d e p u t ies , an d
u e Port s for th e t i m e
al s o t o th e L o r d W a rd en o f the C i n q
b e i ng , a n d t o h is d ep u t y ; a n d the C o m miss i o n ers w ho
c o m m is s i o n , s o j o in t l y a d
s i t b y v i rt u e o f s u ch
s ha ll
d re ss e d t o w ha t e v e r s hi re o r pl a c e i n the r ea l m the s a m e
s h all b e l i m i t e d , s ha ll ha v e ful l p o w e r an d a u t ho ri t y to
i n qu i re i n to , try , a n d d e t e rm i n e a ll o ffe n c es na m e d i n the
rel a t ing to p ro c eedi n g s
a n y o t h er A c t
s a i d A ct , or i n
u n d e r s u c h c o mm i s s i o n b y the o a t hs o f t w e l v e g o o d a n d
la w fu l i n ha b i t a n t s i n t he s hi re li m i t e d i n the s a id co m
mi s s i o n , w he t he r the s a id o ffen c es s hall ha v e b ee n co m
mi tte d w i thi n t he j u ris d i c ti o n s o f the L o r d A d m ir al of
E n g la n d , o r o f t he L o rd W a rd e n o f the Ci n qu e Po rts a n d
j u d g m e n t, a n d p ro cee din g
all a n d e v e ry t ri al , c o n v i c t i o n
w h a t s o e v e r u n d e r s u ch c o mm i s s i o n , s ha ll b e as g oo d a n d
e ffe c t ua l to a ll in t e n t s a n d pu rp o s e s i n l a w a n d s ha ll b e
foll o w ed b y the s a me c o n s e qu e n ces t o th e o ffen d e r or
.

A
of e nders as i f
s a e w ere h ad by v irt e o f an y s epar at e
co mmissio n t o be iss u d n der t he p rov isio n s o f the afore
R r a i n s ai d A ct o f K i n g H e n ry the
Provid ed al ways
an
d
i
t
is
ere
y
f
ur
t
her
decl
a
re
t
h
at
t
h
is
or
an
y
t
g1g t h i ng here co ntai n d sh all n ot ext en d or be co n st rued to
;
?
exten d t o the tak i n g away a b idgi g prejudici n g or m
j ur s di ctio n o f t he
g i n an y ann er w h at ever
j uris di ctio n
gl C ourt of Ad i ralty o f n l an d or
f
of t h e Admi ral ty C ourt o f t he Ci nque P o rt s
an cient
ri
to n s an d their e bers but th at it h all an d m ay be
l a ful for t he s ai d courts res p ect ively d t he j ud g e or
j udges t h ereof f or
tim e bein g to h ave u s e exercis e
an d en joy j urisd ctio n o er all s c m atters right s an d
o f en e s as t hey h a e hereto fore h ad s ed e xer is ed d
en joyed as f ull y an d
to all i nt ents an d pur
pos es h at ver
this A ct h ad n ot b ee n m de any
th ing herei before co ntai ed to c ntrary i n an y wis e
n ot ith sretan din g b y
i ct c
s chedule
7
7
A n w herea s doubt s h a e aris e n
to t he exa ct
un i
ju is di ctio n o f
L
ord H ig h A d i al
uri bou n d ar ie s o f
i ti n
i nque P orts an d is
d the Lord W arden o f
exp edi ent for the p rpo s e s o f t h is A ct t h at t h e s a e
it is hereb y decl ared
i u s hould h clearl y s et fort h
ts
bou n d ari es o f the juris d i ctio n of
d e na ct ed Th at
the Lord W arde of Ci nque Ports in regard t o an y
m att er or t hi n g co ntain ed i n t h is
s h all
an
d s h all
be deem ed an d take n to be as follo w s t h at t o s ay
f ro m a p o int t o t he w es t ard o f S e aford i n th e cou nt y o f
S u ss ex a lled R C l if i n clu i n g t he s a e t hen ce pa ss
in g a li n e o n e ile w itho t
s an d or s ho al ca lled t he
H o rs e o f W il i n gd o n an d co nt i n u i n g t he s am e d i tan ce
w ithout t he ridge an d n e w s ho als an d then ce i n a li n e
w ithi n mil s o f Cape
o n the co as t o f r an ce
th en ce rou n d the shoal called the O verfalls mi es
tant from the s a e then ce a lin e without an d the
s m e distan ce alo ng
eas t ern side of
G allo p er an d
u nt il t he n ort h en d thereo f hears es t n orth e s t t rue
h
g fro m the w e st n ort h w es t be ari n g o f t he G allo p er
it ru s i n a irect li e a cross t he s ho al c alled h Th wa rt
Ma e
M i ddle t ill i t re ache s t he shore u n der n e ath
To er fro m then ce follo w i n g i n a l i n e o f the hore u p t o
the cou nty of Ess ex an d follow ing
S aint O
ours e o f t he s hore u p t o t he river C ol n t o t he l an d i ng
place n earest Brightlings ea fro then ce i n a direct lin e
to S oe Ba o n fro then ce t o the Po int of S
on
t he I sle of S hanippd eyfro antd feron cem ftollo
hen ce a ro ss the wat ers t o
wing the li n e o f co ast
m
F
roun d t he Nort h an d ut h orelan d s an d B h H ea
till it rea h s the said R Cli in l udi ng ll the aters
2 18

PPE ND I X

su

the

es e v

e [

l ty Com
an d o f th e
A d m im l ty
of

ci

E i hth

pe

h
in

E g

the

tw o

m m

an

th e

the

ig h

le

A ct,

eachi n

to

"

an

'

e e ctu all y ,

ii

as

ea l e d

S 1
18
.

d ar es
Bo
s
o f th e j
d c o of

the

18 V

12 0 ,

t he

as

the

th e C

an

it

th e C

Po r

an

n ow

the
the

he

A ct,

is

; (

ed

),

f,

in

the

ve

G ris n ez

th e

dis

eari n

tw o

in

the

F
l

the

rs y th ,

in

th e

he ll n es s ,

e ve rs ha

m h
So

ed

eac

'

ey

d,
,

18

l7

VI C T

C AP

104

2 19

an d h ave n s co prehen ded betwee them P ro


al ways an d it is hereby declared that n othi ng i n
t h is A ct co ntai n ed sh all ext en d or be co nstrued to exte nd
t o en large or abridge the local li its o f t he an ci e nt j uris
i ct io n righ t s
p ri ileges o f the Lord H igh Ad iral of
E n gl an d or t he Lord W arde n or A d i ral o f t he Ci n que
Port s resp ectively or their resp ective repres entati es but
t h at the s a e sh al re ai n accord in g t o an cient us age
th at t he de criptio n herei before co ntain ed s hall o nly be
dee ed app li c a ble to t he p u po s es o f th is A ct any t hi ng
herei n co ntai n ed t o t he co nt r ry n otw ith s tan d i n g
to rep ealed by
i ct c
cre ek s

v i d ed

S E CTS
4 33

a nd

S s 19
.

a nd

22

18 V

17

18 V IC T

17

W RE C K S

C AS

RT V I I I

12 0

C A P 10 4

P
UAL T E S

A ND S

I nqu iri es i n to Wr ecks

A LV AG E

an
y o f t he c a s es fo lo w i ng t h at is t o s ay
W h n ever an y s h i p is lo s t a b an do n ed or
aterially
a
a
ged o n or n e ar the co as ts o f t he nit ed K in gdo
u s
W he n ever an y s h p c a us e s lo ss or at er al d a ag e t o an y
n
t
i
o t her s h i p o n n ea r s ch co a s t s
W e n ever by re a s o o f an y c a s u a lt y h app e n i n g t o or
bo ard o f an y s h ip o n or n e ar s uch co as ts lo ss of l f e
e n s ue s
W hen ever an y s uch lo ss ab an do n m ent d a ag e or
c s u alt y h app en s el s e here an d an y co p et e nt w it
ess es t hereo f arrive or are fo d at an y pl a ce i n t he
U n i t ed K i n g do
s h a ll be l aw ful for t he i n s p ecti n g o cer o f t he C o as t
u ard or t he pri n cipal o f cer o f C u s to s resi din g at or n ear
the place w here s uch loss abando n ent da age or casu
a ty occurred if the s a e occurred o n or n ear th e coasts of
the U n ited i ngdo but if els e where at or n ear the place
w here s uch witn ess es as aforesai d a rive or are foun or
c an be co n ve n i e ntl y ex a i n ed or for an y ot her p ers o
appo int ed for the purpo s e by Bo ard o f Trade to ake
n quiry resp ecting such loss aban do n ent d am age or
c u alt y an d he s h all for th at p urpo s e h ave all the p o w ers
i ve n b y t he rs t part o f t h is A ct t o n s p ector app o int ed
b y t he s ai d Bo ard
it appe ars t o s uch o f cer or p ers o n as a fores ai d r a i n
e it her u p o n or ithout an y s uch prel im nary i qu iry as
43 2

In

d m

I nqu i ri es
i n to W r eckS

or

on

to

Inq i n e
be i s
t u te d i n
cas e s O f

un

It
G

the

as

4 33

If

Fo m l
ves ti g a ti o n
.

'

220

PPE ND I X

afores aid th at a for al i n estigatio n is requisite or


di ent or if the Bo ard o f Trade s o directs he s h all appl y t o
an
y tw o ju s ti ces or t o a s tip en di ary agist rat e t o he ar t he
f
c
a
s
e
an
d
s
uch
ju
s
t
i
ce
s
or
a
gis
t
r
at
e
s
h
a
ll
h
r
eu
p
o
n
p
ro
e
usti s
t o hear an d try sa e an d sh l for that purpo s e
s o far as rel at es t o t he s u o n in g o f parti es co p e li n g
t he attendan ce of witn esses the reg latio n of the pro
ave the sa e po w ers as if t he s a e w ere a pro
rel ati n g to
or c au s e o f co pl ai t u p o n
h i ch they or
h a e po w er to a ke a s u ary
tio n or order or as n ear t hereto as ci cu stan ce s p er it
an d it shall be the duty o f s uch o f cer or p ers on a ore
s ai d to s up eri nt en d
ana
g em ent o f t he cas e an d to
re n der s uch ass s tan ce t o t he s aid ju st i ce s or a is trat e as
is i n h is p o er an d u po the co n cl sio n o f the ca s e t he
s aid j us ti ces or agis trat e s h all s e n d a rep ort t o
B o ard
of Tr ade co ntain in g a full s tat e e nt o f t he ca s e an d o f
torheexirtorrachtiss foropin itohen tehereo
n
a
cco pan i ed by s uch rep ort o f
iden ce an d s uch obs er at io n s ( if an y )
a
s they or he
w i rt
cas es w here naut i cal s k ill an d k n o w ledg e are
nauti r reatqtuheiredrequest Boof asrducho f juTrstaidecessorha l ahgisavetrate poro wateritseitoher
wn
dis cretio n t o appo i nt s o e p er s o n of na ut i c s k i l an d
k n o wledg e t o a ct a s ass ess or to s uch ju sti ces or m agi trat e
s uch ass ess or sh all u po n t he co n clu si o n o f t he c as e
eit her sig n i fy h is co n curren ce i n thei r report by si n n
t he s a e or if diss e nts t herefro s h all sig n fy s uch
diss e nt an d his re as o n s t herefor to the B o ard o f Tra de ( )
is a loc al ari n e bo a d an d
ti i nt i tr where a stippleancedisarwyhereagisthere
trate a e ber of s uch board
i n ves tigat io n s a s afores ai d s h al whe n ever he h ap
is r t pallenssuch
to be pres ent
ade before s uch agistrat e an d
is
t
here s h all be pai d t o s uch agis tr at e in res p ect o f
i
s ervi ces u n der t h is A ct s uch re u n eratio n het her by
i o f ann u al in creas e o f s alary Hor other wis e a s her M aj es ty s
ecretary o f tat e for t he o e epa rtm ent w it h t h e
co n s ent o f the B o ard o f Tra de m ay di rect an d s uch
re u n eratio n s h all be pai d out of t he M erc antile M ari n e
u nd
The s ai d ju s ti ce s or agis trat e m ay ake s uch
ot
u
order it resp ect to the co st s o f an y s uch i n ves tigatio n or
portio n thereof as they or he dee jus t an d s uch
co sts sh all be paid accordin gl y an d s h all be recover able
the sa e ann er as other costs in curred i n summ ary pro
before t he or m an d the B o ard o f Tra de
if i n an y ca s e it th n k s
s o t o do pay t he ex p en s e
it
i t nt s s r
n i in i

S ncrs

4 34

4 36

be

ore

ce

exp e

m ,
mm

t he

ce e d

ce e d i n g

an

he

m
mm

f en ce
ol

co n vi c

m g

th e

m
m

as s e s s o

m a y t ni nk fi t

4 34

as

the m

Po e to
app o n
ca l

al

a nd

c ee di n g s ,

In

the

l
m

the
,

al

an d

he

i g

435

S pe d a y
m ag s ra e
to b e th e
m ag t a e
wh o
mem
b er o f l o c al
ma r n e
b oard , an d
to b e p a d

m
m m
l,

In

is

he m

m
m

his

w ay

s s of

ch

tig

4 36

i n ve s

a ti o n s

m ay

an y

in

cee di ng s

may ,

fit

( a ) S ee

of e

hi

2 5 dt 26 V c

n eer

sk

ll

63,

:5

23 ,

as

to th e

ap p o n

me

of a s es o s

l7

18

VI C T

10 4

CA P

22 1

o f an y su ch in es tig ati o n an d m ay pa y to s u ch as s es s or as 5 1m
a f ore s a i d s u c h re mu n eratio
a s i t t h in k s t
437 I n th e cas e of a ny u ch i n ves tig at i o n as a fore said
to b e h eld i n S ea/l a nd the B o a rd o f Tra de ma y if it so
i
t hi n ks t re mi t th e s am e to th e L ord A d o c at e to b e pro
s e cu te d i n s u ch m ann er as he m a
y d i rect a nd i n c as e he
s o requ i res wi th the as s is tan ce o f s uch p er s o n o f n a uti c al
s k il l a n d k n o w l ed e as the B o ardo f Tra de m ay ap oi nt f or
p
g

4 41

p ve sl
ga

the p u r os e
438
u ch j u sti es or mag i s t rat e as a fores ai d may , or i n Mas ter 0 1
a
S cotl a nd s u h p ers o n or p ers o n s as i s or are d irected b y t he
q r d
L ord A d vo ate to o nd uct the i n ves tig a ti o n m ay , if the or to d eli ve r
he t hin k t, requ i re a n y m as t er or m at e p os s es s i ng a certi certi cate
ca te o f o mp ete n
or s ervi e w hos e co n du t i s alled i n
ques tion or a pp ea rs to th em or hi m li kel to b e a led i n o f in qui ry
ques ti o n i n the ours e o f s uch i n ves tig a ti o n , to deli ver s u h
certi at e to them or hi m a n d t he or he s h al l hold the
erti at e s o del i vered u ntil the con clus i on o f the i n es tig a
ti o n , a n d sh all the n ei th er return the s a m e to s u h m as t er
or m a te, or, if thei r rep ort is s uch as to en a ble the Boa rd o f
T ra de to a n el or s u s p en d s uch cert i ca t e u n der t he p o w ers
g i ve n to s u h b o a rd b y the t h i rd p a r t o f t h i s A ct, s hal
forw a rd the s am e to the Boa rd o f Tra de, to b e de al t w ith
a s s u h b o a rd thi n ks fi t
a n d if a n y m a s t er or m at e fai ls
erti at e w he n s o requi red, he s hall in ur
s o to del i er hi s
a p en a t
n o t ex eedi n g ft
p ou n d s ( b)
.

c
c

g g f

cy

c
c

c
cl

c c
c

c
c

ly

A pp oi n tme nt a n d D u ti es of

Rece ivers

4 39 The Bo a rd of Tra de s h a ll throu g hou t the U ni ted


Ki n g do m ha e the g en eral s up erin te n de n e o f all matters
rela ti ng to w re k ; an d i t m ay , w ith t he o n s ent of the
C o mmi ss i o n ers o f her M a j es t s Tr e as ur , a pp o int a n y
o f er o f C us to ms or o f the C oa s t G ua rd, or a ny o f er o f
I n la n d Reven ue, or, w he n i t app ea rs to s u h bo ard to b e
m o re o n ve ni ent, a ny other p ers o n, to b e a Re ei ver o f
W r e k i n any dis t ri t, a n d to p erf orm s u h duti e s as are
h ere i n a fter m en ti o n ed, an d s hall g i ve due n o ti e of e ver
s u h app o i ntm e n t
i ce a dm i ra l, or other p ers o n , u n d er
44 0 No admi ral ,
w h at e er d e n omi n ati o n , exer i s i n g A dm i r alt j u ri s di ti on ,
s hall as s u h, b y hims el f or hi s ag e n ts , re e i e, tak e , or
re k except as herein aft er m enti o n ed
i nterf ere w ith an y
44 1 W he n e er a n y s hip or bo a t is s tra n ded or i n di s tres s
at a n y p l a e on the s hore o f the s ea or o f a n y ti d a l w a ter
i thin the imi ts of the Un i ted K in g do m , the Re ei er of
the dis tri t withi n hi h s u h p l a ce i s s it u ate s ha l , upo n
b ei ng ma d e a qu ai nt ed w i th s u ch a ci de n t, for th i th p ro

c
y

w c

( b) See also

y
c

w c

Re u m
s

B a rd of
l rad e s pe
f
l te n d e l ts

u r
g
i
to
pp oi t
y rece ve

A p p o i ntment
a nd a
l /ties 0!

l t
er e e
m m m eek

A dm ira
i nt f

no
r

25 dr 26

c
l
w

Vi ct

c.

63,

n.

24

D ty

W e

o f re

whm

ir
:g g d f
i di tre

ss

2 22

uc

ce

upo n hi s a rri val there he s hall tak e


co
d o f all p ers o ns p res ent a d a ss ig n s uch duti es
a n d i s s ue s u c h d i recti o s a s he m a y t h i n k
to ea ch p ers o
t wi th a vi ew to the pres e va ti o o f s uch s h i p or bo a t a n d
the l i ve s o f t he p ers o s belo ng in g t hereto a d th e ca rg o
a n d a pp a rel t hereo f ; a n d if a y p ers o n w i l f ull y d i s obeys
he s h a ll forfei t a s u m n o t exceedi ng fty
s uch d irect i o ns
p ou n ds ; b u t i t s h all n ot be l a w ful f or s uch Recei ver to
i t erf ere betw een the m a ster o f s uch s h i p or bo a t a n d hi s
crew in matters relati g to the m a n ag em e nt thereof u n les s
he i s reques ted s o to do b y s uch mas ter
44 2 The Recei ver m a y w i th a v i e w to s c h p re s erva
ti on a s a fores a i d o f the s h ip or boa t p er s o s c a rg o a n d
a pp a rel do t he f ollo w i n g t h i n g s
( th at i s to s ay )
S u mmon s u ch n u m ber o f m e n a s he t h in k s n eces s a r y

h
S E C 4 4 2_ ceed to s
444
the
mm a n

pla

PP E ND I X

a nd

n,

Po w er f
e eiv r i
e f uh
id e t t
s o

r c

cas

ac c

an y s hi p or

hi m
Requ i re the m as t er or o ther p ers o n hav in g the
ch a rg e o f a n y s hi p or b o at n ea r at h an d to g i ve
s uch a id wi t h hi s m en , s h i p , or b o ats a s m a y b e
i n hi s p o w er
D e m a n d the u s e o f a n y w ag g o n , a r t, or hors es th a t
m a y be n ea r a t h a n d :
A n d a ny p ers o n re fus i n g wi thou t reas o n a ble c a u s e to o m p l
w it h a n y s u mm o ns , requi s i ti o n , or dem a n d s o m a de a s
n ot
a fore s ai d , s h all for ever
s u h re fus al i n cur a p e na lt
exceedi ng o ne hu n dred p ou n ds ; b u t n o p ers on s h all be
li a ble to pay a n y du t o f a s s es s ed t a xes i n res p ect o f a n y
reas o n o f th e us er o f the
s u h w ag g on , ca rt, or hors e s b
s a m e u n der t h i s s ecti o n
44 3 A l l c a rg o a n d o ther a rti cles belo n g i n g to s uch s h i p
A ll arti cl es
w as h ed on
or
bo
a t a s a fores a i d, th a t m a y be w as hed o n s hore, or o t her
s hore or
w is e b e lo s t or ta ken f ro m s uch s h ip or b o at, s h a ll be
l os t o r
deli vered to the Receiver a n d a ny p ers o n , w hether he i s
ta k en fro m
a n y s hi p or
the o w n er or no t, w h o s e crete s or keep s p o ss ess i o n o f an y
b oa t, t o b e
s u h ca rg o or a rti cle or re fu s e s to del i ver th e s a m e to the
,
d eli vere d
Recei ver or to an y p ers o n a uthori s ed b him to de man d the
to th e
n o t exceed i n
Recei ver
sa m e , s h all i n cur a p e n a lt
g o n e h u n dred
p oun ds ; an d i t s hal l be l a w f ul f or s uch Rece iver or o ther
p ers o n a s a fores a i d to t a ke s uch ca rg o or a rti cle b for e
from the p ers on s o refus in g to deli ve r the s a m e
444 W hen ever an y s uch a ci de n t as a f ore sa i d occurs to
Po w er of
Rec e i ver to a n y s h ip or b o a t, a n d a n y p ers o n p lu n ders , crea t es di s order ,
s u p p res s
or
o
b s tructs th e p res erva ti o n o f s u h s h ip , bo a t , li ves , or
u
p l n d er an d
d i s ord er b y c a rg o as a f ore s a i d , it s h al l b e l a w f ul for t he Re ei er to
fo rce
ca us e s uch p ers on to be apprehen ded , a n d to u s e force f or
the s upp res s i on o f an y s u ch p lu n deri ng , d i s order, or obs t ru e
ti o n as a fores a i d, w i th p o w er to comm an d a ll her Ma j e s t s
a n d if a n y
s ubj ects to as s i s t hi m i n the u s e o f s uch for e
p ers o n i s k illed, m ai med , or hurt b rea s o n o f hi s res i s tin g
co m
the Recei ver i n the executi on o f the duti es h ereb
to

b o at

as sist

17
mi tte d

18

10 4

CA P

22 3

or a ny p ers o a cti g u n der hi s orders S


s uc h Rece i ver or o ther
s h a ll be f ree a d f ull y
p ers o
i n de mn i ed as w ell ag i s t the Q ueen s M a j e s ty her hei rs
d s ucce s s ors as ag a in s t all p ers o n s s o kil led m a im ed or
hi m ,

to

a n

44 5 _
4 47

E O TS

u rt

b s en ce o f the Recei ver from the pl a ce C t i !


i
w h ere a ny s uch a cc i de nt as a f ores a i d o c curs or i n
j t
p l a ces
w here n o Rece i ver h as b ee n a p poi ted u der t h i s A c t the
follo w i ng of cers i n s ucces s io n ea ch i n th e a bs e n ce o f the R
i i i
o th er i t he order i w hi ch they a re n a m ed th a t is to s a y hi b e e
a n y p ri c i p a l o f cer o f C u s to ms or o f t he C o as t G u a rd or
o f cer o f I la d Reve ue a n d a ls o an y s heri ff ju s ti ce o f
the p ea ce co m m i s s i o n ed o i ce r o n f ul l p a y i n t he na va l
s ervi ce o f her M a j e s ty or co m m i ss i o ed o ffi cer o n f ull
p ay
i t he m i li ta ry s erv i ce o f her M ajes ty m a y do a l l m a tt ers
a nd th i
g s hereb y a u t horis ed to be don e b y the Recei ver
w i t h th i s excep ti o
t h a t w i th res p ect t o a n y g oods or
a r ti cles belo
g i g t o a n y s uch s h i p or bo at t he del i very u p
o f w hi ch to t he Receiver i s herei n before requi red a n y
o f cer s o a cti ng s h all b e co n s i dered a s the ag e t o f the
Recei ver a n d s ha ll pl a ce t he s a m e i th e cu s tody o f the
Rece i ver ; a d o p ers o n s o a cti g as s ub s tit u t e for an y
Re cei ver s h ll be e ntitled to a y f ees p ay a ble to Receivers
or be dep ri ved b y reas o of hi s s o a c tin g o f a ny rig h t to
s a lv g e t o w h i ch he w ould o t her w i s e be e ti tled
44 6 W he ever a y s uch a cci den t as a f ore s a i d occurs to Pow er i
a y s h i p or bo t a ll p ers o n s m a y f or the p ur o s e o f re
p
3
hn
deri g as s is ta ce to s uch s h i p or bo at or s a vi ng the l i ves i Ei t i
o f the p ers o ns o n boa rd the s a m e or th e ca rg o or a pparel t p ov r
dj m g
t hereo f u les s there i s s o m e p ubl i c ro a d equ a lly co n ven i e t
eg
h
s
a
n
d
as
s
i
t
w
i
as
re
e
her
h
or
i
hou
c
rr
i
e
or
hor
e
t
w
t
t
a
a
s
s
s
p
p
g
g i xg
i
over an y a djo i i g la ds w ithout bei ng s ubj ect to i n ter
ru p ti o by t h o w er or occu pi er s o th a t they do a s l ittle
da m ag e as p o s s i b le a n d m ay als o o n the l ike co diti on
dep o s i t o s uch l a d a n y ca rg o or o ther a rt i cle recovered
from s uch s hi p or boa t an d a ll da mag e th at m ay be s s
t a i n e d b y an y o w n er or oc cu p i er i n co n s eque n ce o f an y s u ch
p as s i g or rep a s s i g or dep o s it a s a f ores a i d s h a ll be a ch a rg e
o n t h e s h i p bo a t ca rg o or a rti cle s i
res p ect o f or b y w h i ch
s uc h d a m ag e w as occ as i o ed a n d s ha ll
i de fa ult o f p ay
m e n t be recovera ble i n the s a m e ma n n er as s a lva g e i s
h ereb y m a de recovera ble ; a n d t he a m ou t pa ya b le i n
res p ect thereo f if di s p uted s hall be determ i n ed i n the s a m e
m a n n er as the a m ou n t o f s al ag e is h ere b y i n cas e o f d is p u te
di rec te d to be de t er m i n ed
44 7 I f t he o w n er or occu pi er o f a ny l a n d over w h i ch an y Pe lty
d
i
a u thor is ed t o
s s for a n y o f the
er
o
hereb
y
or
re
s
s
as
s
p
p
p
p er
p ur po s es here be fore m en t o n ed does a ny o f the fo ll o w m g f l d
refu i g
t h i n g s ( t h a t i s t o s ay )
I mp ed es or h in ders a n y s uch p ers o n fro m s o p as s i ng l low
445

D uri n g the

er a n

ce ver

cel s

s a

nc

33 o

s re s

as s

n n

na

on

an

in

an

to

s n

03 1

2 24

A PPE ND

IX

ith o u t c arriag es h o rs es
45 0
upon
a n d s erv an t s b y l o c ki g hi s g a te s re fu s i g
r e u es t t o o e n th e s a m e o r o t he rw i s e h o w e v e r
q
p

I mp e d es o r hi nd ers the d e p o s it of
y c a g o o o t he r
Eg g gf
as
a rti cl e re c o v er ed f ro m an y s u c h s hip o r b o a t
th i 1m m
here i b fo re m e n ti o n e d
Pr e v e t s s u ch c arg o o r o th er a r ti cl e f o m re m a i n
til the
i n g s o d e p o s it ed fo r a re as o na bl e t i m e
s a m e ca n b e re m o v e d t o a s a fe p l a c e of p u b l i c
d e p o s it ;
H e s hal l fo r e v er y s u ch o f e n c e i n c ur a p e nal t y n ot e x
ce e di ng o e h
d re d p o u n ds
Po w
f
44 8 A y Re c e i v r or i hi a b s e c e a n y j s ti c e of the
R i
t
e xa mi ne
a s c o v e n i e tl y m a y b e
p ea ce s ha ll a s s oo
i ti t
;
u p o n o at h ( w hi c h o a th t he y are her e b y res p e c ti v e l y e m
mi
ti o W i th
p o we e d t o a d m i i s t er) a y p e rs o n b el o g i ng to a y s hip
t
p
the c o a s t s
w h i ch m a y b e o m a y h a v e b e e n i d i s t es s o
:g g ig
o f th e U i t ed K in g d o m o r a n y o t he r p ers o n w ho m a y b e
di
ab l e to
g i v e an y a cc o u t the re o f or o f t he c a rg o o r s t o re s
t here o f as t o the fo ll o w i g m a tte rs ; ( tha t i s t o s ay )
The n a m e a d d es c i pti o n o f the s hi p
The a me o f t he m a s ter a n d o f th o w ers
The n a m e s of the o w n ers o f the ca rg o
The p o r ts or pl a c es fr o m a n d t o w h i c h the s h ip w as
b o u nd
The o cc as i o n o f the d is tre s s o f the s h ip
The s e rv i c e s ren d ere d
S u ch o t her m a tt e rs o r c ir cu ms t c es re l a ti ng t o
o
t o the ca rg o o n b o d the s a me
s u c h s h ip
j s ti ce thi k s n e c es s a ry
as t he Re c e i v er o
A n d s u ch Re c e iv er or j s ti c e s ha ll t a k e t he e xa m i na ti o n
d o w n i n w riting a n d s ha ll m a k e t w o c o p i es o f the s a m e
o f w hi c h he s ha ll s e n d o ne t o th e B o a rd o f T ra d e a n d the
o t he t o the s e c e t ary o f the c o m m i tt ee for m a a g i n g the
a d s u c h l a s t m e n ti o ne d c o y
a ffa i s o f L l o y d s i n L o d o
p
s ha ll b e pl a c e d b y t h s a i d s e c re ta y i n s o m e c o n s p i c u o u s
s it u a ti o n for the i s p e c ti o n of p e rs o ns d es i ro u s o f e xa m i n
i ng the s a m e ; a n d for t he p u rp o s es of s u c h e x a m in a ti o n
e v ery s u ch Re c e i v er o r j u s ti ce a s afo re s ai d s h l l h a v e al l
the p o w e rs g i v e b y the rs t p a t of t h is A ct t o in s p e ct o rs
app o i n t e d b y th e Board o f T ra d e
O ig i l
44 9 A n y e xa min a ti o n s o ta ke n i n w r iti n g a s afo re s a id
m d
t
o
b e ce rti e d u d er the
o r a c o p y there o f p u rp o r ti ng
f
ha nd o f t h Re c e i v er or j s ti c e b e fo re w h o m s u ch e xa m i n a
ggg g m
ti o n w a s ta ke n s hall b e ad m i tte d i n e v id e n c e i n an y c o u rt
ti o t b
p m d m
or b e fo re a n y p e rs o n ha v in g b y l a w or b
o f j u s ti c e
c on
y
d
re c e i v e
s e n t o f p arties a u t h o i t y t o h e ar
an d ex a m in e
e v id e c e as p ri m af a c i e p r oo f o f all m a tt ers c o n t ai n e d i
s u c h w ritt en exa min a ti o n
Rl t b
45 0 The foll o wi ng ru l es sh all b e o b s e r v ed b y an y p ers o n
S s crs

or

4 48

re p a s s n g

wi h

or

an

e r

un

er O

ns

na

ex a

ec e v

un

es s

an

ar

n,

na

ce

or

'

ev

e n ce

'

'

u es

17
fi d

Ki n

18

VI CT

CA P

104

22 5

tak i ng pos s es s i o n o f w re ck w ith i n the Un it ed


g do m
( t ha t i s to s ay )
If the pers o n s o n di n g o r t a k i n g p o sse ss i o n of the
Sa m e i s th e o w e r h e s hall as s oo n as p o s s i b l e
g i v e n o ti c e to the Re c e i v e o f the d is t ri c t w ith in
w hi c h s u c h wr e c k i s fo u n d s ta ti n g tha t he has s o
fo n d o r ta k e n p o s s e s s io n o f the s a me ; a nd he
s ha ll d es cr i b e i n s u ch n o ti c e th e m a rk s b y w h i c h
s u c h w re c k i s d i s ti n g u is he d
I f a y p e rs o n n o t b e i
the o w n er n d s o r t a k es
he s hal l as so o a s p o s
p o s s es s i o n o f a y w e
s ib l e d eli v er t he s a m e t o s u c h Re c e i v e r as a fo re
i ng

or

S E C TS 45 1
.

v d by

O b s er

w re k

r c

s a i cl

o n m a k i ng d efa u lt in o b ey ing the pro v i


s i o n s o f t his se c ti o n s h all i n c ur the foll o w in g p en a l tie s ;
( tha t i s t o s ay )
If he i s t he o w n er a n d m a k e s d efa u l t i n p erfo m i n g
t he s e v a l t h in g s the p erfo r m a n c e o f w hi ch i s
he eb y im p ose d o a n o w n e
H e s hall i n cu r a p en al t y n ot e x ce e d i ng o ne
hu n d re d p o u n d s
I f h e is n o t the o w ne r an d m ak es d efau l t i n p er
fo m i g the s e v e l t hi g s t he p erfo rm a e o f
w h i c h i s he e b y i m p o s e d o n a ny p ers o n n ot b e in g
a n o w ner
H e s hall fo rfe it all cl a i m t o s al v ag e
H e s ha ll p a y t o the o w er o f s c h w re ck if the
s a m e i s cl a im ed b u t i f th e s a m e is u n c l a i m e d
the n t o the p e rs o n e ntitl e d to s u ch u n cl a im ed
w re ck d o b l e the v a l u e o f s u ch w re c k ( s u ch
v al u e t o b e e c o v e re d i n the s a m e w ay a s a
p en a l t y of l ike a m o n t ) ; a n d
H e s hall i n c u r a p e nal t y n ot ex c ee di ng o n e hu n
d re d p o u n d s
4 5 1 I f an y Re c e i v e r s u s p e c t s or re c e iv e s i n fo rm a ti o n tha t Po w f
t
o f s o m e p e rs o n
a n y w re c k i s se c e t e d o r i n t he p o s s e s s i o
w ho i s n o t the o w er t he re o f o r o th r w i s e im p ro p e rl y
l d
d e a l t w it h he m a y a ppl y t o a n y j u s ti c e o f t he p ea ce fo r a w ck
w a rra n t a n d s u c h j u s t i c e s ha ll ha v e p o w e
t o g an t a
w a rr a t b y v ir tu e w here o f it s ha ll b e l a w fu l fo r t he Re
c e i v e r t o e n t er i t o a n y h o u s e o r o t he r p l a c e w h e e v er
i t ate a n d als o in t o an y s hip o r b o a t an d to s ea r ch for
a n d to s e iz e a n d d e t ai n an y s u c h w re c k a s a fo re s a id t he re
fo u n d a n d if a n y s u ch s e i u e i s m a d e i c o sequ e n c e o f
i n fo rm a ti on that m ay ha v e b ee n g i ven b y a ny p e s o to
the Re ce i v er the i fo rm er s hall b e e n ti tl e d b y w a y o f s a l
v ag e to s u ch s u m n o t e x cee d i ng i n a n y c as e v e p o u n d s as
the Re c e i v e r m ay a l l o w
4 5 2 E v ery Re ce i v er s h all w ith in fo rt y eig ht h o u rs a ft er Noti c f
t aki n g pos s ess io n of any w re ck c au se t o b e p o s ted u p i n m k 1
A

nd

any

p ers
,

er

r,

ra

nc

er

'

01

ce a e
re

e o

ee

J0

2 26

A PPEND

IX

ot
t
c
o
i
c i ti o
i c it
i i i
v
c
c
c
t
t
o
i
it
i i
c i ti
co
tt
o
o i
c
ot
c i ti
t
o c o ic o
c
i
cti o
i o
i i
c
c
c to
v
v o
t
c
t t
o i io
v t o
t
o
ci t
c
c iv
o
i
io
i t
ti o
o
c
t
i
t
o
c iv
o
to
c i
to
c
ti c
v
i
it
i

m s 45 3_ th e cu s om h u s e of the p r n eare s to the plac e w here


n o f th e s a m e
45 6
s u h w re k w a s f u n d or s e z ed a d es r p
i s d s t n g u s hed , a n d s ha ll
h
a n d i an y m ark s b y wh
men b y
we n y p o u n d s ,
a l s , if the
al u e o f s u h w re k e x e e d s
Re ei e
a s m l ar d es r p o n t o t h e
b u t n ot t her w s e , t ra ns m

and s u h
s e re a ry of the
mm i e e of L l y d s af res a d
s e re ary s ha ll p s u p th e d es r p o n s o s en , or a co p y
n o f all
n s p u u s pl a e , for the n s p e
here f, i n s m e
p ers n s d es r u s of e xa m n n g the s a m e
G o ds
us
d y of an y
45 3 I n
as es w h ere a n y w re k i n th e
g
a l u e o f fi e p u n ds , or is of s o
R
e e
e r is un d er t he
j me
o r of s m a ll
p eri s ha b l e a n a u re or s o m u h d a m a g e d ha th e s a m e
va l u e m a
ann
i n hi s p n n , b e a d an a g e u s l y k ep , o r i f the
,
y
b e M i m
al u e h ere f i s n ot su f
en t o d efra y t h e ha rg e o f w a re
m ed me ly
h u s ng , th e Re e er may sel l the a m e b ef re the exp ra
n e d , a n d th e m n e y
n of the
p er d here n a f er m en
h ere f,
ra s ed b y s u h s al e , a f er d efra y n g th e e xp e n s e s
er for t h e s a m e p u rp s es a n d
s ha ll b e h el d b y the Re e
le
t he s a m e
l a m s fo r a n d
w hi h t he a r
su b e t
s l d w u l d ha e b e e n he l d a n d l a b l e i f
ha d rem a n e d
u n s ld
I n as e s
45 4 I n a s es w h ere an y a d m ral ,
e a d m ral , l r d o f

r
y
her p ers n i s en t l e d for his o w n us e
the m an r, o r
I
e
u n l a m e d w re k f un d o n a n y p l a e s u a e w h n a d i s
or
h a Re e er i s a pp n e d , s u h a d m ra l ,
e
o th er p ers n tri ct fo r w h
i s e n ti tl e d
a d m r a l , l r d o f th e m a n r , or
her p ers n s ha ll d el er
to u n cl am
s u h Re e
er a s a em e n
u l a rs of
n a n n g the p a r
l e, a n d the a dd re ss
his
e s a re to b e s en ;
wh h n
d el ere d , an d p r f
g i e n ti e

30 h u m
of the
ali di y o f

Si

c v

c t
c t
t
o
o

o
ggg

c iv

c
v

ot
t
o i
ti o
i

'

c
tf

j c
o

c i

to

'

v o c

ic

ot
c o

o
c iv

c
tit

vic

it
c it t
c iv
oi t
c
o
ot
o
t t
t co t i i
t o i c o ti c
iv

it i
i

ti c

to

vi c
iv

t
oo

t
he t akes p o s s e s
a n y s u ch p l a c e t o se n d w it h i n
fort y e ig ht h o urs t herea fter a d es crip ti on of the sam e a n d
o f an y m arks b y w hi ch it i s d is ti
g ui s hed d ire c t ed t o s u ch
a d d r es s a s a fo re sa id
P ym
t
4 5 5 T her e s hall b e p aid t o a ll Re cei v ers app o i n t e d u n d er
1
this A ct the expen ses properl y in cu rre d b y them i n the
2 11 w
p erfo rm an ce o f t he i r d ti es a n d al s o i n resp e c t of t he
s e v eral m a tt ers s p e c i e d i n the Tab l e m ark e d V
in the
s u c h fees
s ch e d u l e h ere to
n o t e x cee d i n
g the am o u n ts
there in me ti o n ed a s m ay fr om time to tim e b e dire c te d
b y t he B o ard of T ra d e ; an d the Re ce i v e r s hall h a v e t he
s a m e l ie n an d b e en titl e d t o the s am e reme d i e s for t h e
re c o v e ry of s u c h e xp ens e s a n d fees a s a s al v o r has or is
res p e c t o f sal v a e d u e to him
e n titl e d t o i
g
; b u t s a v e as
n o Re c e i v er a pp o i n te d u n d er this A ct s hall a s
afores a id
s u ch b e e n titl e d t o an y re m u n era ti o n w ha ts o e v er
Di p t
45 6 W hen e v er a ny d i s p u te a ri s es i n a n y p art o f th e
U n ited Kin g d o m as t o the a m o u n t p a y a b l e to a n y Re c ei v e r
t
in res pe c t of e xpe n ses or fees s u c h d isp u te s hall b e d e t er
t
ei
.

en s

3 9 In ?

e ce

er

'

u e s as

ec

ver

18

17
m i n e d b y the B o ard

of

VI C T

ad e ,

'

10 4

CA P

wh

2 27

d e c is i o n

o se

b e S e ars

s ha ll

na L
f15 7 Al l fe es re c ei ve d b y a n y Re ce i v e r ap p o i n te d u n d er
thi s A ct, in res pe c t o f any s er vi ces p e rfo rme d b y him as
Re ce i ver, s hall b e c arr ie d t o a n d form pa rt o f the M e r c an
t i le M a rin e F u n d , a n d a s ep ara te a cc o u n t t here o f s hall b e
k ep t, an d t he m o n ies aris in g there fr o m s ha ll b e a p pl i e d i n
d e fra yi n g a ny e xp e ns es d u l y in cu rre d i n ca rr yi n g i n t o e ffe c t
t he p urp o s e s of t he e ig ht h p a rt o f t his A ct, i n s u c h m a n n er
as the B o ard of Tr a d e d i re c ts

45 7

45 9

y
Of

Tra d e
A p p li
of

c ti o

fe e s

S a lvag

i n the Un i ted K i ng d m

o o

I n the f ll wi n g a s es , ( tha t i s t s a y , )
S a lva g e
W hen e er a n y s h ip o r b a t i s s tra nd e d o r therw ise i n the Un i ted
i n di s tres s o n the s h re o f a n y s ea o r ti d al w a t e r E M S/d o m
s it u a t e W i t hi n t he li m i ts of t he U n ite d K i n d m ,
g
s al ag e i n
an d s er i e s a re re n d ere d b y an y p ers n ,
res p e t o f
S eW i ce S
I n a s s is ti n g s u h s h ip o r b a t ;
d
i
I n s a i n g t he l i e s o f the p ers ns b el ng i n g g
te
t s u h s hip or b at ; ( 6 )
King d m
I n s a i n g th e arg o r a pp a rel o f su h s hip o r
b a t , o r a n y p rti n th ere f
A n d W he n e e r a n y w re k is s a ed b y a n y p e rs n
o t he r t ha n a Re e i er wi th i n t he U n ited K in g d m ;
T here s hall b e p a y a b l e b y the w n ers of s u h s hi p o r b a t,
t h e p ers n b y w h m s u h s er
carg , a p pare l , o r w re k , t
i es o r a n y o f t he m a re ren d ere d or b y w h m s u h wr e k
is s a e d, a reas n a b l e a m un t o f s al va g e , t g et her w it h a ll
e xp e n s es pr p erl y i n u rre d b y h i m i n t he pe rf rm a n e o f
s u h s ervi es o r th e s a i ng o f s u h wr e k , the a m u n t o f
s u h s a l a g e a n d e xpe n s es ( w hi h e xp e ns es a re h e re i n
b e d e t erm in ed
aft e r i n l u d e d u n d e r t he t erm s al ag e ) t
i n as e o f dis p u te i n m an ner he re i n a ft er m en ti n e d
4 5 9 S al ag e i n res p e t of the pres er a ti n o f t he l ife or S al a g e fo r
l i es o f a n y p ers o n o r p ers n s b e l n g i n g to a n y s u h s hip M u y b e
l
w n e rs o f the
o r b a t as a fo re s a id s ha ll b e p a y a b l e b y t he
f
ard
ther la ims fo r s al ag e ; Trad e ou t o f
all
s hi p o r b o a t i n p r i rit y t
a s es W here s u h s hip o r b a t is d e s t r y e d , o r w here Me rgan til e
an d in
t he a l u e th ereo f i s i ns u f ie n t, a ft er p a y m en t o f the a t u a l
e xp ens es in u rr e d , t o p ay t he a m u n t o f sa l vag e d u e i n
r es pe t o f a n y li fe o r l i e s , th e B ard o f Tra d e m a y i n i ts
d is retio n a w a rd to the s al rs o f s u h l i fe o r li es o u t o f
t h e M er a n t il e M a rin e F u n d s u h s u m o r s u m s as it d ee m s
t, i n w h l e or p a r t s a tis fact i n o f a ny a m u n t of s al ag e
s o l eft un p a id i n r es pe ct of s u h l ife o r l i es
45 8

o
o

vc

o
v

c
c

c
c

o
c

( c) S e e
e x te n d s
ag e

24

th e

vo

o
c

Vi ct c 10
j i s di cti o
.

ur

v
ar
gi i

V c c 63 s
yi c

i t
9, an d 25 6t 2 6
of th e C ur t o f A d m iral t

o
o

o
o

z g g
o

o
o

o o
c

c v

vc

s al

5 9, w h i h

as es

Q 2

of

li fe

2 28

PP E ND I X

resp ect to s al ag e ari si ng within the


4 61
b oun dari es o f the Ci n que Por ts s h all be determi n ed in th e
mann er i n h i ch the s am e h a ve h i therto b een det ermi n ed ;
Di sput s
b u t wh en e er an y di s p ut e a ri s es el s ew h ere i n the Un it ed
to
lv e
K ing dom betw een the o w n ers o f any s u ch shi p b oat
h w t
ettled
car 0 app arel or w re c k as afore s ai d
as
an d the s a lvors
to t e amo u n t o f s a lvag e a d th e p a rti es to the dis p ute
cannot ag ree as to the s ettlem en t there o f b y arb itrati on or
otherwis e
Th en i f the s u m cla im ed does n o t exce ed tw o hundred
p ou nds ( d )
S uch di sp ut e s hall b e referred to the a rb i trati on
o f any tw o jus ti ces o f the p eac e res ident as fol
lo w s ; ( that is to s ay )
I n cas e o f w re ck res i dent at or n ea r the pla ce
w here s u ch wreck is f oun d :
I n ca s e o f s ervi c es ren dere d to any s hip or
b o at or t o th e p er s ons ca rg o or apparel
b elo n g i g thereto res i den t a t or n e ar the
p l ac e w here s uch s hip or b oat i s lying or
a t or n ea r the r s t
p ort or p la c e i n the
U n i te d Ki n g dom i n to whi ch s u ch ship or
b oa t is broug h t after the o cc urren c e of the
a c ci den t b y reas o n whereo f the c l aim to
s alv ag e a ri s es
B ut if the s u m clai m ed ex c eeds tw o hu n d re d ou nds
S uch di s p ut e m ay w it h the c o n s e nt o f t e parti e s
b e ref erred to the a rbi tra ti o n o f s u ch j u s tic es
as aforesa i d b u t if the y do not c o n s en t s hall i n
E n g lan d be de ci ded b y the H ig h C ou rt o f A d
mi ral ty o f E n g lan d i n I r ela n d b y the Hig h
C ou rt o f A d mi ra lt y o f I rel an d an d i n S cotland
b y th e C ourt o f S es s i o n ; s u b j ect to this pro
i s o tha t if th e cla i m an ts i n s u ch di s ute do
p
n o t re cover i n s u ch C ourt o f A d mi ral ty or C o urt
of S ess i o n a g rea ter s u m t han t wo hu nd re d
p ou n ds t hey s h all n ot u n less the C ou t c erti
es th at th e cas e i s
t on e to b e tri ed i n a
s up eri or co urt
reco er any cos ts charg es or
e xp en s es i n curred b y t hem in th e
p os e cuti on
o f t hei r cl a im :
A n d e ery dis p ut e w i th res pe ct to sal ag e may b e hea r d
an d ad j u di cated up o n o n t he app l i cati on either o f the
s al or or of the o w n er o f the p rop erty sal ed or of th ei r
res pecti e ag en ts
46 1 W he n ever i n p urs uan c e of thi s A ct an y di spu t e as
M
er in
whi ch
63
4 9 exte di g th e j uri s di cti o
( d ) S e 25 A; 26 Vi t
of
e w h ere th v l ue f th property i s u d er
th e j u ti e to
lv g
f
out i d e th li mi t of U i ted Ki g d om S ee
d to cas
lso se 5 0 a d 5 1 f th me t tute
46 0 D is p utes w ith

Sm
crs 460,

wv

sa

e.

as
,

v v

ann

s o

an
a

cas

c s

sa

e sa

s a

17

18 vrcr

10 4

CA P

229

to s al ag e i s re f erred to the a rb itrati o n o f tw o j us ti es , 5 5 0 1 s


th e
m a y eith er the ms el es determi n e t he s a m e, w i th
p o w er to a ll to thei r as s is ta n e a n y p ers o n co n vers an t
w i th m a riti me a ffa irs as as s es s or , or t he ma y if a d i er
i
8
e n c e o f o i n i o n a ri s es betw ee n th e m
or w i thout s uch g ig ng ?
,
p
di fferen ce, if t he t h i n k t, appo i n t s o m e p ers o n co n ver
s an t w i th m a rit i m e affa i rs a s u m i re t o dec i de th e
p
p o i nt
i n dis p u t e ; a n d s u h j us ti ces or thei r u m pi re s h a ll m a ke
a n a w a rd a s t o the a m o u n t o f s alv a e
g
p a a ble w it h i n the
follo w in g tim es , t h a t is to s ay , the sai d j us ti ces withi n
fort eig ht hours a fter s uch di s p ut e h as bee n ref erred to
th e m , a n d the s ai d u m pi re W ithi n fort eig ht h our s a fter
his a pp o i n t m e n t , wi t h p o w er n evertheles s for s uch ju s ti ces
or u m pi re b w riti ng u n der thei r or his h a n ds or ha n d to
e xt en d the ti m e w i t hi n w h i ch the a n d he a re hereb re
sp ecti vel y d i rect ed t o m a ke t he i r or hi s a w a rd
4 61
2 T here s h all be p a i d to ever a ss es s or a n d um p i re C os ts o f
w h o m a y b e s o a pp oi n te d a s a fores a i d i n res p ect o f his ar b i trati ml
s er vi es s uc h s u m n o t exceed i n g v e p oun d s a s th e B o ard
o f Tra de m a y f ro m tim e to ti me di rect a n d al l the co s ts
o f s uch a rbitra ti on, i n ludi n g a n y s u h p a m e n ts as afore
s a i d , s hall b e p a i d b y the p a rti e s t o t he d i s p u te, i n s u h
m a n n er a n d in s u ch s h a res a n d p ro porti o ns a s the s ai d
j us ti ces or as the s a i d u mpi re may dir ect b t hei r or hi s

aw a

rd

The sai d j us t i c es or the i r u mp i re m ay c all for the J u s ti ces


p roduc ti o n o f a n y doc u m e n ts i n the p oss ess i o n or p o w er m ay call fo r
o f either p a rty , w hi c h t he y or he m ay t hi nk n eces s a ry g fiugcle n i s
for det ermi n i ng th e qu es tio n i n di s pute, a nd m ay exam i n e n i s m
s
t he p a r ti es or t he i r wi tn es s es o n o at h, a n d a dm i n is t er th e
o a t hs n e c es s a ry for t hat p urp os e
46 4 If a ny p ers o n is ag g ri eved b y the a w a rd ma de b y A p peal to
u r ts
s u ch j u s t i ces or s uc h u m p i re as a fore s a i d , he m ay i n E n g
mu 3
l an d a pp eal to the H ig h Court o f A dm i ralty o f E ng la n d
i n I rel an d t o the H ig h C our t o f A dm i ra lty o f I rela n d, a n d
i n S c otla n d to the C ourt o f S e ss i o n ; b u t n o s uch a pp ea l
s hall be a llo w ed un le ss t he s u m i n d is p u te ex c eeds f t y
p ou n ds , n o r u n les s w i th i n ten da ys a ft er the da t e o f t he
a w a rd the app el l a n t g i ve s n o ti c e to the j u s ti c es to w ho m
t he m a tt er w as re f erred o f his in t e nti o n to app eal , n o r
u n les s t he a pp ell a n t p roceeds to ta ke o u t a m oni ti on , or to
tak e su c h o ther p ro c eedi ng as a cc ord in g to the p ra cti c e o f
t he C o u r t o f A pp e al i s n e c es s a ry for t he i n s tit uti o n o f a n
a pp e a l , wi t hi n t w e nt y d a ys f ro m the d a t e o f the a w a rd
W he n ever an y app ea l is ma de i n ma n n er herei n J u s ti ces to
46 5
b e f ore p rovi ded , the j us t i ces s hal l tra n s m it t o the p rop er t ran s m i t
G
PW
o f c er of the C ourt o f A pp e al a co p y o n u ns ta m p ed pa p er ol i
g
c e rti ed u n der thei r ha n ds to b e a true cop y o f the p ro
$
c e e di n g s ha d be fore s u ch j u s ti ce s or t he i r u mp i re , i f a n y , ca te of va l u e
tO
t 0f
an d o f the a w a rd s o mad e b y the m or hi m, acc o mpa n i ed
A
46 3

X
g

'

'

33

ngf

2 30

A PP E ND

S E C 4 6 6_
468
.

ay

of

vag e t

b
Xgg i?
e f di
S al

C as

h thei r or hi s c erti cate in w ri ting o f the g ro ss al ue o f


the a rti cle res p ectin g w hi ch s a lv ag e i s cla i m ed ; an d s uch
cop y a n d c erti cate s hall be a dmi tted in the C ourt o f A p
p eal as e i de n c e i n the ca u s e
4 66 W he ever th e a g g reg ate a mou n t o f s al va g e p a ya ble
i n es e ct o f s alv ag e s er i c es re n dered i n th e Un i ted K in g
d om
as been n a ll y a s c erta i n ed either b y ag reem en t or
b y the a w a rd o f s u ch jus ti ces or th ei r umpire b u t a d i s
put e ari s es a s to th e app orti o nm e n t th ereo f a m o n g st s e eral
cl ai mants then if th e a m ou nt does n o t exceed tw o hu ndred
pou n ds it s h a ll be la wf ul for the p a rty li a ble to p ay the
a m ou n t s o due to a
ppl y to th e Re cei ver o f the di st ri ct f or
l i berty to pay the am ou nt s o as c ertai n ed to hi m ; an d he
s h all
if he th i n k s t re c ei e the s a m e a c c ordi ng ly a d
g ran t a c erti cate u n der hi s han d s ta ti n g the fa ct o f s u ch
p a ym e t an d the s erv i c es i n res p ect o f w hi ch i t i m a de ;
a n d s u c h c erti c at e s h all be a fu ll d i s ch a rg e an d i n dem n i ty
to the p er s on or p ers o n s t o w hom i t i s g i ven a n d to th ei r
s h i p b o a ts c a rg o a pp a rel a n d e ffects ag a in s t th e cl ai ms
o f all p ers on s w homs oever in res p ect of the s ervi ces th ere
i n m e nti o n ed b u t if the a m ou n t ex c eeds tw o hu dred
p ou n ds i t s h al l b e a pp orti on ed in ma n n er herein a fter
m en ti on ed
4 67 Up on the re c ei pt o f a n y s uch a m ou n t a s a fore sai d
the Re c ei ver s ha ll w i th all c on ven i e nt s p eed p ro c eed to
dis trib ute the s am e a m o ng the s evera l p ers o ns enti tled
t hereto u p on s uch evi de n ce an d i n s u c h s ha res an d p ro
p orti o n s as h e thin k s t w i th p ow er to reta in a n y m o n i es
tha t m a y a pp e a r to hi m to b e pa y a ble to a n y a bs en t p ar
ti es b u t a ny di s tri buti o n m a de i n p urs u a n c e o f th is s e c
ti o n s h al l b e na l an d co n clu s i ve a g a in s t the ri g hts o f a ll
p ers o ns clai mi ng to b e en titled to an y p orti on o f the m on i es
so di s tri b uted
4 68 W h e n ever an y s a l ag e i s due to an y p ers o n u n der
thi s A ct the Recei ver s h all a ct a s follo w s
( th at i s to s a y )
I f the s um i s due i resp ect o f s ervi ces ren dered i n
a ss i s tin g a n y s h ip or b oa t or i n sav i n g the li v e s o f
p ers on s b elon i n g to the sam e or the c a rg o o r
app a rel thereo
H e s ha ll detai n s uch s h ip or b oat an d the ca rg o
a n d a pp a rel belo n g i n g th eret o u n ti l pa ym e n t is
m ade or p roces s ha s b een i ss ued b y s om e co m
et en t Court for the det enti on of s u ch s hip
poat carg o or apparel :
I f the s a m e i s due i n res p e ct o f the s a i n g o f an y
w reck a n d s u ch w rec k is n ot s old as u n cl aim ed i n
p urs ua n ce o f the p ro i s i o n s herein a fter c ontai n ed
He s hall detai n s uch w re ck u n til p aym en t i s
made or p ro c ess has b een i s s ued i n man ne r
afores aid :
.

I mte as to

ml

w it

men t

IX

'

n
-

r o

A p p o ti

m en t 0
s a lva g e

Man n

o
E
g

er

of

e n f rci n g
en t 0 f

17

18

VI C T

CA P

10 4

231

B u t it s hal l b e l awfu l fo r the Re ce i v er, if a t an y ti me pre


8 mm 46 9
v io u s l
y t o the is su e o f S u ch pro c ess sec u rit y i s g i v en t o his
s a tis fa c tio n fo r the amo u n t o f s al v a e d u e, to re l eas e from
g
hi s cu s tod y a ny s hip , b o at , c a rg o, o r a pparel , o r w re c k so
d e t a in ed b y hi m a s afo res aid ; a n d i n c as e s w here the
cla im for sal v e exceed s t w o hu nd red p o u n d s it s hall b e
l a w fu l i n E ng an d for the H ig h C o u r t o f A d m iral t y o f
E n g la n d , i n I rela nd fo r the H ig h Co u r t o f A d m i ral t y of
I re la n d , a nd i n S co tl and, for the C o u r t o f S ess io n, to
d e t e rm i ne an y qu es ti o n tha t m a y a ri se c on c ern i n g the
a m o u n t o f the se c urity to b e g i v e n o r the s u ffi c ien c y of
th e s uret ie s
a nd i n all ca s es w h e re b o n d o r o ther s e c u rit y
is g i v e n to the Rece i v er for a n a m o u n t e xcee d ing t wo
h u n d red po u n ds it s hall b e la wf ul fo r th e al vor or fo r the
o w n e r o f the pro e rt y sal ve d , o r thei r res pe c ti v e ag e n ts , to
p
pro cee d mg s i n su ch l as t m en ti o ne d c o u rts for the
p u rp o s e o f ha vi ng the qu es tio ns aris in g b et w ee n them
ad j u d i ca ted u po n , an d th e s a id C o u rt s m a y e n fo rce p ay
m e n t of the s aid b o nd o r o ther s ecu rity , i n the s ame
man n er as if b a il ha d be en g i ve n i n the sa id C ourts
4 69 W h ene v er an y s h ip, b o a t , ca rg o , app arel , or wreck Pow er o f
i s d e ta i ne d by a ny Re ce i v er fo r n o n p a y m e n t of any s u ms Recei ver to

a
s
l
a
b
l
e
t
o
a
t
h
e
sa
m
e
i
s o d u e as afo res a id , and the p rti e
p y
h cd
t
ca ses , in cas es o f
a r e aw are o f s u ch d eten tio n, t hen , i n t he fo ll o w ing
nonpa
tha t is t o s ay ,
m n
I n cas es w h ere the am o u n t is n ot d is p u ted, an d e
p a ym en t t here o f i s n o t m a d e w ith in t w en t y d ay s after
the s a me has b e co m e d u e ;
In ca s es where t he a m o un t i s d is p u ted, b u t n o
a p peal li es fr o m th e rs t tri b u n al to w hi c h the di s
p u te is referr ed, a n d p a ym en t th ereo f is n ot mad e
w ithi n t w en ty d a y s afte r the d ec is io n o f s u ch rs t
trib un al ;
I n cas es w her e the amo u n t is dis p u te d , an d an appeal
li es from the de cis i on of th e rs t trib u n al to s o me
a nd pa ym e n t there o f is not mad e
o ther trib un al,
W i th i n s u ch twe n t y d a ys as las t af ores ai d , or s u ch
mon iti on as he re in be fore m en ti one d is not taken
o u t withi n s u c h t w e n t y da ys , or s u c h o th er pro
ceed i n g s as are a cc ord i n g to th e practi ce o f su ch
ot her trib u nal n e c essary for the pro secu tion of
an a ppeal are no t ins titu t ed w ithin s u c h t w en ty
da 8 ;
The Rec i ver may forthw it h s ell s u c h s hip , b oa t , carg o,
a pare] , or w re ck , o r a s u f c ien t p a rt there o f, an d o u t o f
t e pro ce eds of the s ale , a ft er pa y me n t o f all expens es
thereof, defray all s u ms o f m o ne y d u e in respect of
e xp ens es , fees , a n d s al v ag e , p a y i ng the s ur pl u s , i f a ny , to
the ow n ers o f the pro perty s ol d, o r other the part i es
e n ti tl ed to rece ive the s ame
.

gig g g

2 32

A PPE ND

j ct

IX

47 0 Sub e
to t he p a m en o f s u h expen s es , fees , a n d
47 4
s a l ag e as a fo re s a d , t he o w n er o f a n y w re k w ho e s a
n o f the Re ei e r
b li s h e s hi s l a m here o
the s a s fa
S u b l ecn o
h s u h w re k ha s
w i h n one
e ar fr m t he d a e at w h
p a m en t o f
l ed
me n
the p s s e s s i n o f t he Re e er, s hall b e e n
e x p en s es ,
hi m
ha e the a m e d el i vered u p
fe es an d
s lam s

vg
zig z
g?

co
to

s al

t i

c i t
y

i to
v

t to

c ti o
ic
c iv

ti

to

t
c v
tit

e,

Uncla imed Wr eck i n the Un i l ed K i ng d om

"

wi

gg li

v t

c i
i ti o
co i to
c
i
o
o
t ct o
o
c

w n er e s a b l s h n g a l a m to
4 7 1 I n the e e n o f n o
med
n
Wm ], i n the w re k f u n d i n t he U n ed K n g d m b e f re the e xp ra
me n
h the s a m e has
Un i ted
of a
ear from th e d a e a t w h
K i n g d om
th e p ssess n o f the Re e er, he n , if a n y su h a d m r a l ,
her p e rs n a s a f re
e a d m ra l , l r d o f a n y m an r, o r
Re ei er to
a n d ha s
r
ed
the sa i s fa i n
s a d h as g
en n
e
d e li e r u p
le
w r e k f u n d at s u h
P0 5 5 6 3 i 0 n o f o f th e Re e e r ha h e i s e n

j
p l a e , t he Re e e r s hal] , u p n p a y me n of all exp e ns es ,
er u p
o f s u h w re k , d el
fee s , a n d s a l a g e d u e in re s p e
10 r d o f
i e a d m r al , l rd of
m an r or
p sses s n he re f t o s u h a d m i ral ,
0 th 9 r p e l s on th e m a n r o r
h er p ers n ; a n d i n a s e of d s p u e as
e n t
tl e d
t he a m u n of the s u m s s o p a a b l e , a n d a ls i n a s e of
h ere f, s u h di s pu e s hall
d e fa u l b e n g m a d e i n p a m e n
b e d e erm ne d a n d p a m en e n f r e d i n th e m a n ner i n
w h i h s u h a m u n a n d p a m en is h ereb
d ire e d to b e
d e er m n e d an d e nfo r e d i n as es w here a n y o w n er es a
b li s hes his l a m to w re ck ( e)
D is pu t e d
4 7 2 I f a ny d s pu e ar s es b e we e n a n y Re e er an d
t i tl e to
a ny s u h a d mi ra l, V i e a dmi ra l , l rd o f a n y m a n r ,
or
w re k h o w
her p ers n as aforesa d as
th e a l d
of hi s
le
to b e
d e id ed
w re k , o r if d ers p ers n s l a m
b e en l e d to w re k
f u n d at the s a m e p l a e , the ma er i n d sp u e m ay b e
d e d e d b y tw o u s
es i n the s a m e m an n e r i n w h h
d s p u es a s to s a l ag e o m ng w h n the u r s d
on o f
u s t e s a re h erei n b ef re d i re
ed
b e d e ermi n e d
i l fr m
A p pef
4 7 3 I f a n y p ar
s u h d s p u e i s u n w lli n
refe r
g
of
tw o u s
es , o r, ha v n
the s ame
s o re fe r red the sam e ,
g
J
i s d s s a s ed w h
h e r d e s n , h e m ay w h n s i x
m n hs fr m the e xp ra
n o f s u h y ear a s a fo res a d or
fr m the d a e of s u h d e s on a s af re s a d , as the as e
m a y b e, ak e s u h p r eed ng s a s he m a y b e a d se d i n
a ny
u r of l aw , eq
u
hav n g u r s d
on
, o r a d mi ra l
i n the m a er, fo r es ab lis h n g hi s
le
P w er o f
4 7 4 The B a rd o f Tra d e s ha ll ha e p w er , w h the con
ard o f
th e
s en of the Trea s ur , o u t o f the r e e nu e ari s m
u n d e r the
g
on
ra
d
e
T
e g h h
b eh al f of
par o f th s A ct, fo r an d o n b ehal f o f H er Ma es ,
her hei rs an d s cces s ors ,
th e C r w n
p u r ha s e all s u h r g h s
tO Pm C h as e w re k a s m a
e Pos s es s e d b
an
Pers o n o r b dy cor
.

v ic
i

y
o

io

it

c iv

ic

i i
o

ot
iv
o ti c t o
o v to
c iv t t
tit t o
c
c
c
i
v
o
t
g gf
v
ct
c
c
iv
o
o
io t
o
c
vc
i
o
o
ot
o
c
i t
to
o t
y
o
c
t i
y
tt
o
c
t
t i
y
t
oc
c
c
o t
y
t
y
ct
t i
c
c
t
c i
i t
i
t
c iv
c
c
o
o
c
ot
o
i
to
v i it y
tit t o
c
c
iv
o c i to
tit
c
o
c
tt
i t
ci
j ti c
ic
i t
v
c i
it i
j i i cti
j ic
o
ct t o
t
o
ty t o c i t
i
to
to
j ti c
i
i ti
it t i
ci i o
it i
o t
o
i ti o
c
i
o
t
c
ci i
o i
c
t
c
oc i
vi
co t
it y
ty
i j i i c ti
tt
t
i
tit
o
o
v o
it
Bo
t
y
v
i t
t
i
j ty
o
to
c
c i t to
y g
c
y
y
f
ig h t
w ck
5 2 p o d g th t th d li v i g
( ) S 25 d 26 V ct c 63
p f
t
w ck b y R c i v
h ll op
di h g t hi m

c v
v

'

s o

re

re

ee

e e

er s

r vi

era e as a

in

sc

ar

er n

17

18

VI C T

CA P

104

2 33

p ora te , ot her tha n her M aj e s t y ; and fo r th e pu rp o s e of S HOTS 4 7 5 _


47 7
fac il ita ti ng s u ch p u r chas es t he p ro v is i o n s o f the
L ands
L an d s Cl au s e s
Cl aus es C o n s o l i d a ti o n A ct,
a n d t he
rel a tin g to the p u r
C o n s o l i d a ti o n ( S co tl a n d ) A ct,
c ha s e o f l a n d s b
y ag ree me n t , s hal l b e i n c o rpora t e d w ith
t h is A ct a n d i n the c o n s tru c ti o n o f th is A ct an d the s aid
i n co rp o ra te d A c t s t his A ct s hall b e c o n s id ere d t o b e the
S p e c ia l A ct
a n d a n y s u c h r ig hts t o w re c k a s a fo r e s a id
s hall b e c o n s id ere d as a n i n tere s t i n l a n d a u t ho ris e d t o b e
ta ken b y the s pe c ial A ct, a n d her M a j e s ty, her heirs , a n d
s u cc es s o rs
s ha ll b e c o n s id e re d as th e p r o m o te rs of t he
u n d erta ki ng
47 5
I f n o o w n er es tab l i s hes hi s cla im t o w r eck fou n d at Un cmm e d
w re c k to b e
a ny
p l a c e b e fo re the e xp ir a ti o n o f s u c h p eri o d o f a y ear as s ol d
v i c e a d m i ral, l o r d o f a n y
a fo re s a id , a n d if n o a d m iral
m an o r, o r p ers o n o t her t ha n h e r M a j e s t y , her he irs , a n d
s u cc e ss o rs ,
is p r o v e d to b e e n titl e d t o s u ch w re ck , the
Re c e i v er s hall for th w ith s ell the s a me , an d afte r p a y m en t
o f all e xp e n ses a tt e n d in
g s u c h s al e, a n d d e d u c tin g t here
fr o m his fe e s , a n d all e xp e ns e s ( if a n y ) in c u rre d b y hi m ,
a n d p a yi n g to th e s al v o rs s u c h a m o u n t o f s al v a g e a s t he
B o a rd o f T ra d e m ay in e a ch c a se o r b y an y g e nera l ru l e
d e t e rmin e , p a y the s a me i n to t he re ce ip t of he r M a j es t y s
E x c hequ er i n s u ch m an n er as the T re as u r y m ay d i re c t ,
a n d t h e s a m e s ha ll b e c a rr ie d t o a n d fo r m p ar t of th e co n
s o li d a t e d fu n d o f the U ni t ed Ki n g d o m ( f )
,

J u ris d i cti on

the

H ig h C ou r t of A d mir a l ty

S u b j e c t t o the pr o vi s io ns of t his A ct, th e H ig h Ju ri sd i ction


of the H 19
C o u rt o f A d m iral t y s hall ha ve j u r is d i c ti o n to d e ci d e u p o n
a ll
cl a ims w ha ts o e v er rela tin g to s a l v ag e , w he t her the A d mi r a lty
s er v i c es i n r es pe c t of w hi c h s a l v a g e is c l a i m e d w e re p er
form e d u p o n t he h ig h se as , or w it hi n t he b o d y o f a n y H g h
of A d m i
co u n t y , o r p a rtl y i n o n e p l a c e a n d p a rtl y i n t he o ther , a n d m l t m a
y
y
w he t h er the w r e ck is fo u n d a t s ea o r c as t u p on the l a n d , d e ci d e o n
l vag e
O r p ar tl y i n th e s ea a n d p art l y o n l a n d
47 6

zg zz

w h e th e r

on

l
d
ct of Wreck
i

4 7 7 W he n eve r a n y s hip or b o a t is s tran d ed o r o th er


e tf
wis e i n di s tr es s o n o r n ea r the s h o re o f a ny se a o r ti d al
izg k
w a te r i n the U n ite d Ki n g d o m an d s u c h s hi p o r b o a t o r
f
a n y p art o f the c arg o or a ppa re l t here o f i s pl u n d e re d I
da mag ed o r d es t ro y ed b y a y p ers o ns r i o t o u s l y a n d
t um u l tu o u s l y as s e m b l e d t o g e t h r w he the r o n s ho re o r b i g p l m
d by
a oa t full c o mp e n s atio n s hall b e ma d e t o th e o w n er o f d
t m lt
1
3
1
12
"
t
t
o
s hi p b o a t c a rg o or a p p are l a s fO HO W S
(
5 3
l o 25 a 2 6 Vi c t
63
(f ) S

Of en ces i n

resp e

s ea o r

an

en ces

"

n ca ee o
,

e n

ere

ee a s

a.

2 34

PP E ND I X

l an d by the in habi tants o f the h un d red w apen


S
47 8
take w a rd or di s tri ct i n the n a ture o f a hu nd re d b y
w ha tever n a m e den omi n ated i n or n ea re s t to w h i ch
th hu d red
the sa i d off en ce is comm itted in m a n n er p rovi d ed b y
t b li b l
an A ct o f th e ei g h th y ea r o f th e rei g n o f K i n g G eorg e
f d m ge
the F ou rth chapt er th i rt y on e i c as e o f des t ructi o n
7 & 8 Gw A
o f churches a n d oth er bui ldin g s b y a ri otou s as s em
b la g e or a s n ea r th ereto as ci rcums tan c es p erm it
8
I n I relan d by the i n ha bitan ts o f the cou nty c ou nt y o f
4 Wm 4
c 37
2
a ci ty or to w n
b a ro n y tow n or t ow n s p a ri s h or
p a ris hes i n or n e a res t to w h i ch s uch o en ce w as
co mm itt ed i n m a nn er p rov i ded b y a n A ct of th e
fourth y ea r o f the reig n o f K ing W il li am the Fo ur th
ch apter thi rty s even for the rec overy o f s atis factio n
a d a m e n d s f or th e m ali ci ou s dem ol i ti o n o f or i n jury
t o chur che s ch ap el s a d o ther bu il di n g s u s ed f or
reli g i ous w ors hi p accordin g to the u s ag e o f the
U n i ted C hur c h o f E n g lan d a n d I rela n d or as n ea r
thereto as ci r cu m stan ces p ermi t
1G
1
I n S cotlan d b y th e i nha b itan ts o f the c ou nty city or
2
5
b oro u h i n or n ea res t t o wh i ch s uch o ffen c e i s com
mi tte g i n m an n er p rovi ded b y an A ct o f the rst
y ea r o f Ki ng G eorg e the F irst s tatut e tw o ch apter
v e w i th res p e ct to p ros e cu ti o n s f or rep ai rin g the
dam ag es o f an y chu r ches and o ther b uilding s or as
n e a r t heret o a s c i rcu m s tan ces p erm i t
4 7 8 E very p ers on w ho does a n y o f the fo ll o w i n g A cts
Pe l ty f
p lu d e i g
( th at i s to s ay )
i c
f
W ro g full y ca rri es aw ay or rem oves a y p a rt o f
h i p wreck
a n y s h i p or b o at s tra ded or i n da n g er o f bei n
g
f ob truct
s tran ded or other w i s e i n d i s tres s o n or n ea r th e
i g th
vi g f
s hore o f a n y s ea or ti d a l w a t er or a n y p art o f th e
hi p
c
or
arg o or a pp a rel th ereo f or a n y w reck
w reck ed
E n dea vour s i n an y w ay to im p ede or h i der the
p rop rty
o f s uch s hip b oat c a rg o app arel or
s a vi n g
d f
e eti g
or
w reck
th e
me
S ecretes an y w reck or ob literat es or defa ces an y
m a rk s thereon
S ha ll i n a dditi o n to a n y other p e na lty or p u n i s hm e nt he
may b e s ub j e ct to u n der thi s or a n y oth er A ct or l a w for
ea ch s uch o ffen ce i n cur a p en alty not ex c eedi ng fty
p ou n ds ; an d every p ers o n n o t b e i n g a Recei ver or a
p ers o n h erei n be fore a ut horis ed to ta ke the comm a n d i n
ca s es o f s hi ps b eing s tra n ded or i n dis tress or n ot a cti ng
u n der the orders o f s uch Recei ver or p ers o n w ho w ithout
the le a e o f the m as ter e n dea ours to bo a rd a ny s u ch
s h all f or e a ch o ffe n c e i n c ur a
s h i p or b o at as a f ores ai d
a n d i t s ha ll b e la w f u l
p e na lty n ot e xcee di n fty po u n ds
for the mas t er o f s u c s h ip or b o at to rep el b y forc e any
s u c h pers o n so attempti ng to b o a rd the sa me
I n E ng

'

s cr

or

'

eo

s t,

na

or

r n

a s es o

or

sa

an

or

s cr

sa

18

V I CT

CA P

10 4

2 35

tak es i n to a n y fo rei l
ort or I la c e
g
a n y s hi
or
der
e
l
i
c
t
or
o
t
h
e
i x i e in di s tres s
b
o
a
s
t
ra
n
d
e
d
,
p
,
o n or n ear th e s hore o f the s ea or o f a n y t i da l w at er s i tuat e

for
w i t hi n the li mi ts o f the U ni t ed Ki n g do m , or an y p art o f l et
m
t he ca rg o or a p
i
n
n
rel there o f, or an yth g belo g i ng thereto, egf in
or any w reck c u nd withi n s u c h li mi ts a s afores aid, a nd forei g n
t here s ells the sam e, he sh a ll be g u il ty o f f elo n y, an d b e Pom
s ubj ect to
p en al s er i tud e for a t erm n ot ex c eedin g four
4 79

If

ig

an y

e rso n

'

y ea r s

D ea lers i n M a r ine S tores

M a nufa ctu r ers of A nchor s

a nd

48 0 E er p ers o n d ea i n g in bu i n g an d s el i n g an hors ,
a b le s , sai ls , or old j u nk, old i ro n , or m ari n e s tore s o f any
des cripti on , s ha onf orm to th e foll ow i ng reg u ati o ns ;
( tha t is to s ay , )
H e s hal ha e his n am e , t og ether w ith the w ords
D ea ler i n M a rin e S tores
,
pai n te d disti n tl in
lett ers o f n ot les s than si x i n ch es i n eng th on
ever w arehou s e or oth er p lac e o f dep os it b e ong
i ng to hi m 3
If h e d oes n ot he s ha ll i n ur a p en al t n ot
ex eedin g tw en t p oun ds
H e sha l k eep a b ook or b ook s , fai rl w ritten , an d
s hal en t er therein a n a ccou n t o f al l s u h marin e
s tores as he m ay fro m tim e to ti me b e o me p os
s es s e d o f, s tati n g , i n re s p e t o f ea h ar ti le , the
ho m h e
tim e a t w hi ch a n d the p er s o n fro m
p u r hase d or rece i ve d t he s am e, addi ng , i n the
s u h las t m en ti o n e d p ers o n, a d e
cas e o f e er
s ri pti o n o f his b u s i n es s a n d p la ce o f a b ode
If he does n ot he s ha ll i n ur f or t he rs t o ence
a p e nal ty no t ex eedin g t w en t po u n d s , a n d
for e er s ub s equen t o ff en e a p ena t not
f t p ou n ds :
excee di n
him s el f or his ag ents , p u r has e
( 3 He s ha l n ot,
a ri n e s tores o f a n y de s cri p ti o n f ro m an y pe rs o n
ea r s
u n der the ag e o f s i x teen
app ar ent l
If he d oes s o he s ha ll i n cur for the rs t o ence
not
ex eedin g ve p o un ds, a nd
a p ena lt
for ever s ubs equen t o ffen e a p en al t not
ex eedi ng tw ent p oun ds
H e s h al n ot cu t u p any ab le, or an y s imil ar a rti e ,
ex eedi n g ve fath oms i n leng th, or u nla th e
s a m e i n to twi n e or p ap er s tu ff, o n any p re te n e
ithou t obtai ni ng s u h p ermit a n d
w hat ever,
so o btai n ed
u
ng s u h n o ti ce o f hi s b a i n
i
s
hi
b
p
the s ame a s is herei n a ft er m en ti o ns
I f he d oes so he s hall i n ur for the rs t oence
a p enal t not e x e edi ng t w e n t p o unds , an d
.

ll c

ly

y
y

c
c

c y

S tor es

an d

D ea lers i n
M a ri n e

cl

Re ml la ti on s

eal e i
m i e
to e
d

rs

ar n

r s.

2 36

S am 48 1,
48 2
.

Man n

er

of

a n n

ca

for ev ery s ub s eque nt offen ce a penal ty not


ex cee di n g fty po u nds
48 1 I n order to ob tain s u ch p ermit as a fore s ai d a de a ler
i n ma ri n e s tores s hall m ak e a d ecl a ra ti o n b efore s o m e
jus ti ce o f the eace havi ng juris di ctio n o er the p la c e
w here s uch d ealer res i des co n tai ni n g the foll owi n g p ar
.

ob t i i g
p ermi t to
t p
b le
cu

P PE ND I X

s.

ti cu la rs
A

( that i s

to
s tat m n t
a
t

s ay ,

e e o f the quality a n d des cri ion o f the


c ble or o her li k e arti cl e ab out to e cu t u p or
u nlai d
A s tatem e nt tha t he p urchas ed or o therwis e a cqu i re d
the s am e bon d d e an d w it hout f ra u d an d w ith
ou t any k n o w ledg e or s u s pi ci o n t hat the same
h ad b e en co m e b y dis hon es tly
A s tatem en t o f th e na me a n d des cri pti on o f the
p ers o n fro m w ho m he p ur chas ed or re cei e d the
s am e :
A nd i t s h al l b e law f ul for the jus ti c e b efore w hom a n y
s uc h de c l arati on i s m a de or for the Re c ei ver of th e d i s
tri ot i n w hi ch s u ch de aler i n ma ri n e s to res res i d es up o n
the p rodu cti on o f a ny s uch d e clara ti on as af ores ai d to
g ra n t a p ermi t a uth ori s i ng hi m to cu t u p or u n la y s uch
cab le or other lik e arti cle
Permi t to b e 4 8 2 No d ea ler i n ma ri ne stores w h o h a s ob tai n ed s uch
d erti ed
m it as afores ai d s hall pro ceed b y v ir tue thereo f to cu t
er
p
b efor
u p or u n l ay any cab le or o t her l ik e a rt i cle u n ti l he has for
d l rp o
d t
t the s p a c e o f one w eek at the leas t be fore doi ng any s uch
th e eo
a ct p ublis he d i n s om e n ew s p ap er p ub li s hed n ea res t to the
plac e w h ere he res i des on e or more a d erti s em ents n oti fy
i ng the fa ct o f his ha vi n g s o o btai n ed a p ermi t an d s p ec i
fy i ng the ature o f the c a b le or oth er a rti cle m en tio n ed i n
the p erm i t an d the pl a ce w here the s a m e i s dep os ited a n d
the ti m e a t w hi ch the s a m e i s i nten ded to b e so cu t u p or
u n lai d ; a n d if an y pers o n s u s pe cts or beli e es that s uch
cab le or oth er arti cle i s his p rop erty he m ay app ly to an y
j usti ce of the p ea c e for a w arra nt and s u ch j us ti ce o f th e
p eac e may on the a ppli cant making o a th or if
p ers o n
e nti tled to mak e a n a r mati on ma ki n g a n a f rm ati o n i n
s upp ort o f s u ch hi s s us p i ci o n or b eli e f g ra n t a w arra nt b y
irtue w h ereo f the app li c an t s hall b e e n ti tled to requ i re
the produ cti o n b y s uch de al er as af ores aid o f the cab le or
other arti cle mentio n ed i n the p ermit an d al s o o f th e
book o f en tries herei n before dir ected to b e k ept b y e ery
d eal er in m a ri n e s tores ; a nd u p on s u ch ca b le or oth er
a r ti cle and b oo k o f e n tri es bei ng p rodu c ed to i n spect a n d
e x ami n e the same ; a nd i f any de a ler i n m a ri n e s to res
makes defau lt i n co mp lyi ng with a ny o f the pro vis i o n s o f
thi s s e cti o n he s hall for the rst o ffe n c e i n c ur a pen a lty
and f or e ery s ub s eque nt
n ot ex cee di ng tw e nty p ou n ds
o en ce a pena lty not ex ce edi ng fty p oun ds
,

ea e

cee

o ac

n
,

a.

17

18

VI CT

104

CA P

2 37

E ver y m a n u fa cturer o f an chors s h all , i n c as e o f S E C, 4 33


4 86
ea ch a n chor w hi ch he man ufa ctures , ma rk i n leg i ble cha
r a cte rs o n the cro w n a n d a ls o o n the s h a n k u n der t he
1
s to c k hi s n a m e or i n i ti a ls
w i t h th e a ddi ti o n o f a pro
2
?
1
g res s i v e n u m b er a n d the w ei g h t o f s u ch a n chor a n d i f he pface mi rk s
m ak es defa ul t i n do i ng so he s ha ll for ea ch o ffen c e i n c u a on a n chors
p e n al ty no t ex cee din g ve p ou n ds
48 3

e by H er M aj e ty s S hip s
48 4 I n ca s es w h ere s a lva g e s ervi c es a re ren dered b y S l g by
a n y s h i p belo n g i n g to her M je s ty or b y the co m ma n der E M
or c re w thereof o cl aim s ha ll be m a de or a llo w ed f or a n y N cl i m f
lo ss damag e or ris k thereby ca us ed to s uch s hip or to lv g e
the s tores ta ckle or f ur ni t ure t hereo f or for th e u s e o f i ce t b
a n y s tore s
or other a rti cles b elo ng i ng to her Ma j es ty
s upp l i ed i n order to e ffe ct s uch s ervi ce s or f or an y o t her 1 :
fh
M
e xp e s e or lo s s s us tai n ed b y her Ma j es ty b y re a s o n o f
hi p
j ty
s u ch s ervi c e s
ro
p rty
P
48 5
No c l ai m w hatever o n a cc oun t o f a n y s a lv ag e s er

m i
vi ce s re n dered t o a n y s hi p or ca rg o or to a n y a pp urt e n an c e s
g
l
3
o f a n y s h i p b y th e co mm a n der or cre w or p art o f the c re w f
:
g
o f a y o f her Ma j es ty s s hips s hall b e all y a dj udi c ated ty of er
u p on u nless the co ns e nt o f the A dmi ralty has rs t bee n t t P
o b tai n ed s uch con s ent to be s ig ni ed by w ri tin g u n der the
h an d o f the S ecret a ry to th e A d mi ra lty ; a n d if a ny p ers o n o e t f
w ho has orig i na t ed p ro c eedi g s in re s p e ct o f a n y s u c h A d m i ral ty
c lai m fa i ls to p rove s uch co n s e nt to the s a tis fa ctio n o f the
C our t hi s s u i t s ha ll s ta n d di s m i s s ed an d he s h a ll pay a ll
th e co s ts o f s u c h p roceedi n g s ; p rovi ded t h at an y do cu m e n t
p urp o rti ng t o g i ve s uch c o ns en t a d t o b e s i g n ed b y the
S ecre ta ry to the A d m ir a lty s h a ll be p r i ma f a ci e e vi de n c e
o f s u c h con s en t ha v i ng b een g iven
4 8 6 W h e ever s erv i ces f or w h i ch s a l ag e i s cl a im ed a re S tep t b

ren dered to a y s h ip or ca rg o or to a ny pa rt o f a n y s hip tir


e
or ca rg o or to a n y appu rtena c es o f a y s hip at a ny p l ac e
o u t o f th e U n i t ed K i n g do m a n d th e f our s e a s a djo i n i ng b ee
t h ereto b y th e c o mm an der or crew or p a rt o f t he cre w o f d eed b 5 :h
an y o f her M a je s ty s s hi p s the p ro p ert y all eg ed to b e s a lved
s
3
%
s h al l if t he s a lvor is j u s t i fi ed by t h e ci rcu ms ta n ce s o f t he
b ro d
cas e in deta i ni ng i t at all b e take n to s o m e p ort w here t here
i s either a c o ns ul a r o i cer or a V i c e A dm i ra lt y C ourt ; a n d
wi thi n tw en ty fo u r hours after a rri i g at s uch p ort t he
s ai d s a l or a n d t he m as ter or o ther p ers o n i n c h a rg e o f t he
p rop erty al leg ed to be s al ed s ha ll ea c h deli ver to th e
c on s ula r o f cer or i ce adm ira lty j udg e there a s tate m e nt
veri ed on oath s p ecifyin g so far as they res p ecti vel y
ui red appl y to the
an d so fa r as the pa rti c ula rs re q
can
ca s e
Th e pla ce c on di ti o n an d ci r cu ms tan ce s in w hi ch the
S a l va g

a va

or

sa

ser

05

or

er

es

s s

or

'

63

'

no

c ns n

n r en

er

2 38

A P E ND

S E CT 4 36
.

IX

carg o or p roperty w as at the tim e when


t he s er vi c es w ere re n dered f or w hi ch sa lv ag e i s
clai m ed
The a t ure a n d durati o n o f the s e rvi c es ren dered
A n d the s a l vor s h a ll a dd to hi s s tatem e nt
The p ro p orti o n o f the va lue o f the s a i d s hip c a rg o
a n d p ro p erty a n d o f th e frei g ht w hi ch he cla i m s f or
s a lva g e or t he values a t w hi ch he es ti m a te s the sai d
freig ht c arg o a n d p rop erty res p ecti vely an d
s hi p
the s e vera l a m oun ts t ha t h e cl aim s for s alvag e i n
res p ect o f the s am e
A n y o ther ci rcu ms ta n c es he th i n ks rele van t to the
s ai d c l a im
A n d the s ai d m a ster or o ther p ers o n in cha rg e o f the s aid
s hip c arg o or p ro p ert y s h a ll a dd to hi s s ta t em e n t
A cop y o f the certi ca t e o f reg i s tr y o f t he s ai d s hi p
a n d o f the i do rs e m e n ts t hereo n s tati n g a n y c h a rg e
w h i ch ( to his k n o w ledg e a n d beli ef ) ha s o cc urred i n
s uc h certi cate
an d
the p a rti cula r s c o tai n ed i
s ta ti n g a ls o to the be s t o f hi s k n o w ledg e an d b eli e f
the s tat e o f t he t itle to the s hip for the ti me b ei g
a n d o f the i n c u m br a n ce s an d c er ti ca t es o f mor t
g ag e or sa le if a n y a ffe ctin g the sam e a nd the
n a m es and p la ces o f b u s i n es s o f the o w n er s a n d
s ai d s hip ,

i n cu m b ra n ce rs
The n a m e a n d pla e o f b us i n ess or res i den e o f the
freig hter ( if any ) of the s a i d s hip, a nd the freig ht to
b e p a i d f or the vo ag e s he i s the n o n
A g e n eral a ccou n t o f th e qu a n tit a n d n ature o f the
a rg o a t t he ti m e t he s alvag e s er i es w ere ren dered :
The na m e a nd pla e o f bu s i n ess or res i den e o f the
o w n er o f s uch ca rg o an d o f the on s ig n ee th ereo f
The v a lues a t w h i h the s ai d ma s ter es timat es the
s ai d s hi p , c a rg o a n d p ro p er t , a n d the f rei ht re
g
s pecti ve ly , or, i f he th i n ks t, in li eu o f s uch e s ti
m ated va lue o f the arg o , a op
o f the s hip s
manif es t :
The a mou nts w hi h the m a s ter thi n ks s hould b e pa i d
as sa lv a g e for the s ervi c es re n dered
A n a ccurat e li s t o f t he p rop ert s a ed, i n cas es w h ere
the s hip is n ot sa ved
A n a c cou n t o f the p roceeds o f the sa le o f the s a i d
s hi p, ca rg o , or p ro p ert , i n
as e s w h ere the s a m e or
a n y o f t he m a re s old a t s u h p ort a s af ores a i d :
The n umb er, a p a iti e s , a nd o n diti o n o f the re w
o f the s ai d s hip at the time the sai d s er i es w ere

y
vc

c y

vc
r le v

ren dered
A ny other ci rcu ms tan c es he thin k s e
an t to the
matt ers i n ques ti o n
A s ta tem en t o f his will ing n ess to exe c ute a b o n d
,

18

17

V l CT

10 4

CA P

23 9

form i n the ta ble m a rk ed W i n the s chedule 5 mm 437


h ere to i n s uc h a moun t as the s ai d co n s ula r o ffi cer
4 91
or i c e a dmi ra lty j udg e may x
48 7 The s a i d co n s u la r o ffi cer or judg e as the c as e m ay Co ul r
b e s h al l w i t h i n four da y s a fter recei vi n g t he a fores a i d 3
3
1 t?
s ta t e m e n ts x the a m oun t t o be i n s erted i n th e sa i d bo d
g f ffgf
at s u ch s u m a s he t h i n ks s uf ci e n t to a ns w er th e de ma n d w h i h
f or the s alvag e s er vi c es ren dered b u t s u ch s u m s h all n ot b md i t b
e x c eed o n e h a l f o f t he v al ue w hi ch i n h i s es ti m ati o n the g
s ai d s h i p
freig h t an d ca rg o or a y p a rts thereof i n re
s p ect o f w hi c h s a lvag e is cla i m ed are w ort h
a n d the s a i d
i f e it her o f the a f ores a i d
c o n s ula r o f cer or j udg e m a y
s ta te m e nts is n o t deli vered t o hi m w i t h i n th e ti m e hereb y
requi red p ro c eed ex p a r te b u t he s h a l l i n n o cas e u n der
t his A ct requi re t he c a rg o t o be u n la den ; an d the s a i d
c o n s ula r o f c er m ay i n a n y p ro ceedi g u n der t hi s A ct
relati ng to s al ag e ta ke af da its a n d recei e af rma
ti o n s
48 8 The s ai d con s ul a r of c er or ju dg e s h all s e n d n oti ce O mas ter
ti g
of the s u m w hi ch he has so xe d as a fores ai d to the sai d bexo cu
d th
a n d up o n s u c h m as t er exe
s alvor a n d th e s ai d m a s t er
ig ht f
o uti n g a b o n d i n s u ch f orm as a f ore s a i d wi th the s a i d s u m d te ti o
i n s erted therei n i n the p res e n c e o f the s ai d o f cer or j udg e t ce
( w ho s hal l a tt es t t he s am e) an d deli veri n g the s a me t o t h e
s ai d s a lvor t he ri g h t o f the s ai d s a lvor t o de ta i n or re ta i n
p o ss es s i o n o f the s a i d s hi p ca rg o or p rop erty or an y o f
th em i n resp e ct o f t he s ai d sa lvag e c la i m s h a ll c e as e
48 9 If the s hip ca rg o or p rop ert y i n res p ect o f w h i c h Provi i o f
l

t he c la i m f or s a lva g e is m a de is n o t o w ed b y p ers o n s dd tl
z
t
r
s
do mi ci led i n he Maj es ty do min i o n s the rig h t of the i g ;
s alvor to deta in or ret ai n p o ss e ss i o n t hereo f s ha ll n ot ce as e h i p o w
d
i n a d di ti o n to the s ai d b o n d b y Per o
u n les s t he m as t er p rocur es
t
s uch s ecuri t y for t h e due p er f orm an ce o f th e co n di ti o s
12
3
$
t hereo f as th e s ai d o f cer or j udg e co n s i ders s u ffi ci en t f or M j ty
t he p urp o s e a n d p la ces th e s a m e i n t he p o s s es s i o n or d omin i o
cu s tody o f the s ai d o f cer or j udg e or if the s alvor s o
d es i r es i n th e p o s s es s i o n or cu s tody o f the sa i d o f c er or
j u dg e joi ntly wi th a ny other p ers o n w hom the s a i d s a lvor
a pp o i ts f or t h e p u rpo s e
4 90 The sai d con s ul a r o f c er or ju dg e s ha ll at th e ea rl i es t Docum e ts
opp ortu nity tra n s mi t the s a id s tat e m e nts a nd do c um en ts s o t h e t
E gl
d
a n d a n o ti c e o f t he s u m he h as t
s e n t to hi m as a f ores a i d
t o the H ig h C our t o f A d mi ra l ty o f
s o xed as a fore sai d
E n g la n d or if t he s ai d s a lvor a n d t he s ai d m as ter or
other p ers o n i n c ha rg e as aforesai d ag ree t ha t the s a i d
bo n d s hall be a dj udi cated up on by a ny V i c e A dmi ralty
C ourt to s u c h c ourt
4 91 Th e s a i d bo n d s ha ll b i n d th e res p e cti e o w n ers o f W hom th
th e s a i d s h ip f reig ht a nd ca rg o a n d t hei r res p e cti e h ei rs b o d h ll
exe c u tors an d a dmin is trators f or the sa l ag e adj udg ed to b i d
i n th e

ns

"

a,

l ven

'

as e

na

or

ne

ns

ou

81

'

a es

ns

e s

an

240

PP E ND IX

be payab le i n resp ect o f the s a i d s hip freig ht an d carg o


res pecti vely
4 92 The s a i d bo n d s hall b e a djudi ca t ed o n a n d en for c ed
1
the H ig h C ourt o f A dm i ra lty i n E n g l a n d or if the sai d
$ 33 ; i bs aylvor
a n d m as t er at th e ti m e o f the execu t i o n o f th e s ai d
t b e d i ai
t d
bo d ag ree upon a y V i ce A dmi ralty C ourt then b y
s uch V i c e A dm i r a lty C our t ; a n d a ny s u c h V i ce A dm i r al t y
C ourt may i n every p roceedi n g u n der t h is A ct ha ve an d
exercis e all p ow ers an d a uthori ti es w h ats oe er w hi ch the
s a id Hi h C ourt o f A dm i r a lty n o w ha s or a t a y t im e m ay
g
ha ve i n an y proceedin g w h ats oe er b efore i t a n d i n c as es
w h ere an y s ecuri ty f or the due p er form a n c e o f the con
d iti on s o f the s ai d bo n d has b een p la c ed in the p o s s es s i on
or cu s tody o f the s ai d co s ular o f cer or vi ce a dmi ralty
judg e or o f s uch of cer or j udg e j oi ntl y w ith an y o ther
p ers o n the p ers o or p ers on s h a i n g the cu stod y o f s u ch
s ecuri ty s h a ll re s p ecti vely de a l w i th th e s am e i n s u ch
m a nn er a s th e court t h at a djudi ca tes o n the b o d di rects
493 The s a i d Hi g h C ou rt o f A dm iralty s h a ll ha ve p o w er
Pow er f
ig h q
t to e n force an b on d i ven i n urs u a n c e o f t h i s A ct i n a n
y
g
p
y
d
filg g ; _ V i ce A dm i ralty C ourt i n an y pa rt o f her Ma jes ty s domi
n i on s
a n d all c our ts i n S co tl an d I rel an d a d th e i s l a n ds
fo c b o d
o f J ers ey G uerns ey Al dern ey S a rk an d Man exerci s in g
A dm i ra lt y juri s di ctio n s h a ll up on a ppli c ati o n a i d a n d
as s i s t the H ig h C ourt o f A d m i ra l tv i n e n f or c i n
g th e s a i d
b o n ds
S vi g
4 94 A n y s uch s a lvor a s a fores a i d o f a n y s hi p ca rg o or
l
ro p ert y w ho elects n o t to p ro c eed u n der th is A ct s ha ll
pave n o p o w er to detai n the s ai d s hip ca rg o or pro
p erty b u t m a y p ro c eed otherw i s e f or the en f or c em en t o f
his s a l ag e cla im as if th i s A ct ha d n o t been p a ss ed a n d
n o thi n
g i n th i s A ct co n tain ed s h all a bri dg e or a ffect the
rig hts o f s al ors exc ept i n th e ca s es b y i t provid ed for
D o ume t
4 95
A ll b o d s s ta t eme n ts ag reem en ts a n d o ther do cu
from
m en ts m a de or exe c uted i n p urs u an ce o f the ei g hth p a rt o f
{f t)
th is A ct s hall if s o m a de or exe cut ed o u t o f the Un i ted
Ki ng dom b e exempt fro m s tamp duty
Pu i h me t 496 E ery p ers on w ho i a n y proceedi ng u n der pro
v is i on s c ontai n ed i n the eig ht h p a rt o f thi s A ct relati ng to
e p re e t s alv ag e by her MaJe s ty s s h i ps forg es a ss i s ts i n forg i n g or
ti
p roc u res to be f org ed f ra udule ntl y a lt ers ass i s ts in fra u du
l e ntly a lterin g or p ro cures to be fra udulentl y al tered a n y
documen t an d every p ers o n w ho i n a n y s uch p ro c eedin g
p uts o ff or m a kes u se o f a y s u ch f org ed or a lt ered do cu
m en t k n ow in g the s a m e to be so forg ed or a lt ered or w ho
i n a n y s u ch pro c eed i n g g i es or ma kes or a s s i s ts i n g i vin
g
or m aking or procures to b e g i ven or m a de any fa ls e evi
den c e or rep res entati on kn ow i ng the s a m e to be fal s e
s h a ll be p un i ha b l e w i th i m p ri s o n m en t w i th or W i thout
ha rd la b our for a n y peri od n ot ex c eedin g t wo y ears , or if
5 m m 4 92_
4 96

ca e

on .

'

r e

36

n s

'

ee

"

n s

se

on s

n a,

17

18

VI CT

104

CA P

24 1

u m m a ril y p ro s ecu ted a nd co n vi cted b y i mp ris o nm ent


w th or W i thout ha rd l a b our f or a n
y p eri od n o t ex c eedin g
s i x m o nths
g )

S E cTs 4 97

4 98

e G e n era l
4 97 V Vh en e ve r s erv i ces f or w h i ch s a lvag e i s cl ai m ed are
S l g

ren dered ei the r b y the c o m ma n der or crew or pa rt o f the


c re w o f a y o f he r M a jes ty s s hip s or o f a n y ot her s hi p olu t ry
a n d t he s a lvor volu nta ri l y a ree s to a b a n do n hi s l i e n u o n
t
g
p
g re m
t h e s h i p c a rg o a d p ro p erty a lleg ed to be s a lved u p o n m y b
h
i
t he m as t er or o ther p ers o n i ch a rg e thereo f e t eri ng i nt o
i
l l hz
g
a w r i tte n a ree m e n t a tt e s t ed b y t w o w i t e s s e s to a b i de th
m
g
th
t he deci s i o o f the s a i d H ig h C ourt o f A d m i ra lty or o f a y ef e t
b
V i ce A d mi r lty C ourt a n d thereb y g i vi ng s ecurity i n t hat m
fb
a
i
beh a l f to s uch a m ou nt as m a y be ag reed o n by the pa rti es
t o the s a i d a g ree m en t s uch a g ree m en t s h a ll b i n d t he s a i d
s hi p a n d t he s a i d ca r o a n d t h e fre i ht
g
p a ya ble there for
g
res p ectivel y a n d th e res pecti ve o w n ers o f the s ai d s hi p
f reig ht a nd c a rg o for the tim e bei ng a n d thei r res p ecti ve
hei rs execu to rs a d a d mi n is t rators for the s a lvag e w h i ch
m a y be a dj udg ed to be p a ya ble i n res p ect o f the s a i d s h ip
ca rg o an d freig h t res pecti vel y to the ext e t o f the s ecurity
s o g i ven a s a fores a i d
a n d m y be a djud i c a t ed u p o n a d
e n forced i the s a m e m an n er a s the bo n ds provi ded for b y
t h e i g hth p r t o f th i s A c t i n th e c a s e o f dete n ti o n f or
s a lva g e s ervi ce s re n dered b y h e M a j es ty s s h i p s
a d upo n
s uch a g ree m e n t be i g m de t h e s a lvor
n d t h e m as t er or
o ther p ers o n i ch rg e a s a fores a i d s h all res p ect ivel y m ke
s uch s t a t e m en ts as a re here i n be fore requ i red to be m a de
excep t th a t s uch
b y t he m i c a s e o f a bo d bei g g i ve
s ta t e m e n ts n eed n o t be m a de u p o
o ath an d the s alvor
s h a ll a s s oo n a s p r a c t i c a b le t ra ns m i t t he s a i d a g ree m en t
a n d th e sai d s ta t e m e ts t o the c o u rt i n w h i ch the s a i d
a g reem e n t i s t o be a djud i ca t ed u p o n
4 98 W he n ever th e a g g reg a t e a m o u n t o f s lv ag e pa ya ble P w er f
ourt
i n res p e c t o f s a lv ag e s erv i c es re dered i n th e U ni ted K in g
f d
w
d o m h as bee n n a ll y as certa i n ed an d exceed s t o h u n E
ig
ga
dred p oun ds a d w hen ever t he ag g reg a te a m ou t o f s al j u i di cti
v ag e p ay a ble i n res p ect o f s alv ag e s ervi ces ren dered t p p ti
els e w h ere has bee n n a ll y a s certai n ed w h a tever s uch lv g e
t he n i f a n y dela y or di s pu te a ri s es a s to
a m ou n t m a y be
t he app orti o n m en t t hereo f a n y c ourt ha v i g A dm i r alty
j ur is di cti o n m ay c au s e the s a m e to be a pporti o ed a m on g s t
t he p ers o n s en ti tled t heret o i n s uch m ann er as i t th i n k s
j u s t ; a nd m a y for th a t p urp os e if i t t hi ks t a pp oi n t
f ect an d
an y p ers o n t o car r y s u c h app ort i o n m e n t i n t o e f
m a y co mp el an y p ers o n i n w hos e h an ds or u n der w ho s e
S a lva g

a va

en

e l

e sa

on

m
c

as

e,

en l on e

n,

sa

to

remu er
n

a ti o n o f

as t

u rd
a

18 6: 19

Vi ct

on

r s

as

'

or

o a

(g ) S e e

or

91,
B

20

on

2 42
S e ars

PP E ND I X

control s uch a m oun t may be to di s trib ute th e sam e or to


brin g the s m e i nto c ourt to be there dealt w ith a s th e
court may d irect a d m ay for the p urpos es a fores a id i s s u e
s uch m o i ti o ns or o ther p rocess e s a s i t t h i n ks t

48 9

5 01

ll is cella neou s

rec be
fore
ood brou
or c o
o
ed K do or
le o f
ll
e du e
e ere
or ed
o
F e
ed K do or
le o f
re ec vel y
oo
re
que o r e
or
o f uch ood
e
hey h ll
dee ed
be
roduce o f uch co ry
o
o er o f
o
u o
ve
o
u e
de er e
or
o
o er o f u o
xc e
oo
e er
ood
re
erch d e ved fro
h
r
ded
or
re
ked
ho
e
rd
vo
y
e
be
re
o of
or
l de
o
r for rded
ood
re
erc
e ved f ro
h
or
r ded or recked
ou rd voy e
re ur ed
or
h ch
e ere h ed
uch
e
co
o er
ke ecur y for
due ro ec o
of
reve ue re ec o f uch ood
re

ig n g
s
mi n g
in g
4 99 A l l w
k,
g ht
n eou a
M an , sh a b e s u b
i ng
m
the I s
i n t the U n i t
in t
i mp t
t i s a s i f th e s a m w
e ct to th e s a m
j
or i g n
and
M an s p ti
ing
m
the I s
d s fo u n d the Un it
g
d e li c t to
s,
ig in
s
a i s s a s t o t he
if a n y
s ti n
g
b e s u b j ct
u nt
s
m
to
th e p
t
s a
be
to th e s a m e
C us t ms m a y p n i n s tig ati n
d ti s a s on a s the C m m i ss i n s
i m p ta
t min
tio n
5 0 0 The C mm i ss i n s
C s t m s a n d E i s s ha ll
G
m any
d s s av d p m i t a ll g
an i s
sa
s, wa
s, an d m
fr om s h i p s
ag
o n i ts
m wa
to
s i p s t an
w c
w ck e d to
wa
i ts
ig i n a
s t i n ati n , a n d a ll
to t he p rt
b e fo rw a d
m an y s ip
w a s, an d m
h an di s
sa
s,
e d to th e
g
p ts o f
t n
o n its
tw a
ag
to b e
s t an
w
th e i r o ri g i
b ut s
t he s a m w
s ip p
to the p t a t w i
;
n a l d s ti n a
it
mm i s s i n s are t o t a
s
t he
ti on
p t ti n
n
in
sp
t
s
s , wa
s , a n d m er
the
g
ch an d i s e
5 0 1 A ll m att s a n d t i n g s t a t ma y i n p r s u an
ro vi s i on as
to c rta i n
n
t i s A ct he
t o an y
s ti
th e ig t p a t
,
ter m s i n
s , m ay i n S c t a n
n
a s
a ny t w o
s ti
to
S cotlan d
the
nt , i n
i ng t he s
iff s
s ti t t
t he s
i ff

a
n
d
h
s
s
i
n
a m an
s al
i n t he
a
t e
p
i g t p a rt
t i s A ct, s o fa r a s reg
d e S t a n , in
e

i
n
l
ita
i
t
t
p p
M i sceli

e hh

r
or
ju
her o f
ex re
e hh
of
her ble ro

er
h
h
u
ce o f
of h
do e by or
j u ce
ce
o l d be do e l o by or
cou y clud
her
ub u e
o
lord or l dy o f
or h l
h
co l d clud
r e or du y fef

19 V l CT

18

the

us

A N A ct to fa cilitat
of

the

n a

W hen e

ver

C A P 91
t

s, an d

ct,

re c i

o l o i l L ig h h o e
Mer ch n S hippi g A

on an

o herwi e
t

18 5 4

[ 14 th

en ce
me d

d Main t
s

to

an

Aug

u s t,

rti cles b elon g in g to or formi ng p a rt


of a n y foreig n ship w h i ch ha s been w recked on or n ea r the
coas ts of the Uni ted K in dom or belon g in g to or fo rm i ng
P R VIII p a rt o f the carg o thereo f a re foun d o n or ea r s u ch co as ts
f M r h
t or a re b ro u h t i nt o a n
y p or t i n the U ni t ed K i n g do m t he
g
s h i pp i g
con s ul g e n eral o f the coun try to w h ich s uch s hip or i n the
A t 18 5 4
lV reckx,
Ca s u a lti es ,
a n d S a l va g e
'

19

an y a

an

25

26

VI C T

63

CA P

24 3

ca s e o f carg o to w hi ch the o w ers o f s uch carg o may 8


49
ha v e b el o n g e d o r a n y c on s ul a r o f c e r of s u c h c o u n t ry
f
a u t ho riz e d i
t ha t b ehalf b y a y t re a ty or ag re e m en t w ith I c
f
s u ch c ou n t r
t
h
e
o
w
ne
o
f
s
u
h
c
r
c
s
h
a
ll
i
n
t
h
e
a
b
s
e
n
e
o
f
y
s hi
p or ar ti c l e s a n d o f th e m a s t e r o o t he r a g e n t o f t he hi p g
o w n e r b e d e e m e d to b e t he a e n t o f t h e o w e r s o fa r a s g
l t
g
b d
m d
rel a t es to the c u s t o d y a n d d iS p os al of s u c h ar ti cl es
2 0 I n cas es w here s e r v i e a e r e n d e re d b y of c e rs o r
m e n o f t he C o as t G u a rd S e r v i c i w t c hi g o r p ro te c ti n g
R
s hi p w re c k e d
b e s h o w n t ha t
nl es s i t ca
p ro p e r ty t he n
by
s u ch s e r v i c e s ha v e b ee n d e cl n e d b y th e o w e r o f s u c h p ro v i c
Q
t
p e r ty o hi s a g e t a t t he t im e t h y w e re t e d ered o r t ha t
m d
v
i
es
s al v a e ha s b e
cla i m ed an d a w a rd e d fo r s u c h s er c
g
t he o w e r o f t he s hip w re c k e d p rop e r ty s ha ll p a y i res p e c t
o f th e s a id s e r v i c e s r e m u e ra t i o n a cc o rd i g to a s c a l e t o b e
x e d b y the B oa r d o f Tr a d e s o ho w e v e r t ha t s ch s ca l e
s ha ll n t e x c e e d a y s ca l e b y w hi c h p a y m en t t o o f c ers
an d m e
o f t he C o as t G u ar d fo r e x t ra d t i es i n th e o rdi
n a ry s e r i c e o f t h e C o mm i s s i o e r s o f C u s t o m s i s fo r t he
t im e b ei n g reg l a t ed a n d s c h r m u n era t io n s ha ll b e re
c o vera b le b y the s m e m ea s d s h ll b e paid to the s am e
p e rs on s a n d a cc o u t e d for a nd a p pl ie d i n t he s a m e m a e r
as fees r e c e i v e d b y Re ce i v e rs app o i n t e d u n d e r the M e r c h an t
n

301

a se o
0

ou s u l

e n e ra

ee

es

oas

an

nn

S hi pp i n g A ct, 18 5 4

2 6 V I CT

25

CA P 6 3

amend the Merchant S h ipp ing A ct


t he Merchant S h ipp ing A mendment A c t
18 5 3
a n d the C u st o ms C o ns o l i da t io n A c t
[2 6 Ju ly

A N A ct
18 5 4

'

to

18 5 5 ;

Wreck a nd S a lva g e ( Pa r t V I I I

f M cr cha n t S hip p ing

A ct,

r v

c t
v

4 9 The p o is io n s o n a i ne d i n the e ig h h p ar o f the l l r eck a m t


S a lvag e
w
l
f
r g i i ng
s u mm a y
u i s di
i
o n to
t
o
i
n
i
a
A
c
t
o
p
p
a s es , an d fo r
us i e s i n s a l a g e
p e e n i ng u n n e e s s a y E x en s i o n
a
pp e als a n d l i ig a i o n i n s u h as es , s ha l l b e a m en d e d a s a n d a m en d
m en o f
fo l l o w s
( ha i s t o s ay , )
S u h p o i s i o n s ha l l e e n d to a ll as e s i n w hi h
on
ee d o n e i n s m a ll
t he a l u e o f t h e p o p e y s a e d d o e s n o t e
ho u s a n d p o u n d s , a s w e ll a s the as e s p o id e d fo r ag e as es
b y t he p i n i pa l A ct
S u h p o vis i o n s s ha ll b e hel d to appl y w he he the
.

r c
j tc

t t

r v

r c

c c

r j r ct
r v t

xt
rt
v

'

xc
r v

t r

'

24 4

DI X

A PPE N

vi ce has b een ren d ere d W i thi n the li mi ts


o f the
n i t e d K i ng d o m or n o t
5 1
I t s ha ll b e l a w fu l fo r o n e o f h er Ma j e s t y s p ri n cip al
S e cre t a ri e s o f S t a t e o i n Ire l a n d for t he L o rd L i e u
t e na n t o r o t her chief g o v ern o r o r g o v e r o rs t o
a pp o i n t ou t o f th e j u s t i c es for a n y b o ro u g h o r c o u n t y
ro t a o f j u s t i ce s b y whom j uris di c tion i n s al va g e
c as es s h all b e e xer ci s e d
o s u ch r ot a i s a p p oi t e d i t s h a ll b e l a w f l
W he
for the s a l v o r s b y w ri t in g a dd re s s e d to the j s ti c e
cle rk to n am e o n e j u s t i ce a d for the o w n er o f
th e p ro p e r t y s a v e d i n like m a n n er to na m e th e o t he r
I f ei t he r p ar ty fa il s to n a m e a j u s t i ce w i t hi n a rea
s o n a b l e t i me t he c as e m a y b e t ri e d b y t w o o r m o r e
j u s ti ce s a t p etty s es s io ns
I t s ha ll b e c o mp et e n t fo r a y s tipen di ary m ag is trate
a n d a l so i
E g l an d for a y c o u t y c o u rt j u dg e
i n S c o t l a n d fo r the s he ri f o r s h e i tf s u b s t i t u t e o f
Irel an d for the re cord e r o f a n y
a n y co u ty a n d i
b o rou g h i n w hi ch t he re i s a r e c o rd e r o r fo r th e
cha irman o f qu art er s ess i o s in a y c ou n ty to exe r
cis e the s a m e j u ri s di cti o n in s al vag e cas e s as i s g i v e n
t o t w o j u s t i c es
I t ha ll b e l a w ful fo r on e of her M aj e s ty s p ri n cip al
S e cr e t a ri es o f S t a t e to d e t e rmi e a s ca l e of c o s t s t o
b e a w a rd e d i n s a l v a g e ca s e s b y a n y s u ch j u s t i c e s o r
co u rt a s afo res a id
A l l the pr o v i s i o s o f th e p ri n c ip a l A ct r el a t in g to
s mm a ry p ro ce e d i g s i
s al v ag e c as es
an d t o the
s u c h c a s es
pre v e n t i on o f u n e c es s a ry app e al s i
a m e a e a lt e re d b y t h i s
s h a ll
e x c e p t s o far a s t h e
a ll s ch p ro c e e d i g s
A ct
e xt e d
d a pp l y t
d e r th e p ri n c i p al A ct or t hi s A ct or b t h
w h et her
o f s u ch A c t s
R c iv
5 0 W hen e v e r a n y s a l v a g e qu e s t i o n a ri ses the Re c e i v e r
m y p p i t o f w re c k fo r th e dis t ri c t m a
l i ca t i o n fro m e i t he r
v l i of the arti es a o in t a v ayl u uerpotno avpp
al u e th e pr op e r t y i n
lv g
pp
p
res pe c t o f w hi ch the s al v ag e cl a im i s m a d e a n d s ha ll
w hen t he v a l u a t i o n ha s b e en r e t r e d t o hi m g i v e a co py
a n d a n y c o y o f s u ch
o f th e v al u a t i on t o b o t h p a rt i es
p
v a l u a t ion p u rporti g to b e s ig ne d b y the v alu e r a d to b e
a tt es t e d b y the Re c e i v er s h a ll b e re c e i ve d i n e v i d e n c e i n
u e t p ro c ee d i n g ;
a n y s u b s eq
a d th e re s h a ll b e p ai d i n
res pe c t of S u c h v alu at io n b y the p art y applyi n g fo r the
s am e s u c h fee a s the B oar d o f T rad e m a y d i re c t
cou rt of s es si o n i n the fou r hu n d re d
5 1 The w o rd s
J
i d i cti
fC
t f a n d s ix ty eig h th s e c ti on of the p ri n cipal A ct s ha ll b e
S
i
i
d e em e d to m ea n an d i n cl u d e ei t her d i vi s i o n of th e C o u r t o f
lv g
S essi o n or the l ord ordi n ary o i ci a tin g o n the b ills d u ri ng
v a cati on
s al

S no r e 5 0 ,
.

vag e

s er

an

un

er

e e

o n

a u er

sa

c as e s

on

ur s

our

e s s on

sa

a e

cas e s

25

UR

26

VI CT

CA P

63

c
c

p on d eli ve ry o f w re k o r o f the pro ee d s o f w re k S E C 5 3


b any
e e i e r to a n
y pe rs o n i n p u rs u a n e of the p ro
y
V i s m n s o f t he e i ht h
g
pa r t o f the p ri n ip al A ct, s u h D el i ery o f
Re e i e r s hall b e d i s ha rg e d fro m all li ab ili ty i n res pe t W reck b ?
l
e
h
e
e
o
f
b
u
t r
t s u h d e li e ry s ha ll no t b e d e e m e d to p rej u
d
d i e o r a e ct a n y qu es t io n o n e rn i n the ri g h t o r t i tl e t o ti tl e
g
t h e s a i d w re k w h i h m ay b e r a i s ed b y t hi rd p a r t i es , n o r
s hall a n
y s u h d el i e ry pr e u di e o r a ffe t a n y qu es t i o n
co n e r n i n
g the t i tl e to th e s o il o n w hi h the w r e k m ay
h a e b e e n fo u n d
5 3 W he r ea s b y the p ri n ip al A ct i t i s p ro vi d e d t ha t the C rown
g ht

0
o
e
e
d
s
f
w
n
o
r
r
e
k
if
t
h
a
m
e
n
o
l
a
i
m
e
d
b
h
e
o
w
e
r
e
s
i
s
t
t
p
,
y
w re c 5
w i t hi n a y ear, a n d if n o pe rs o n o th e r t han h e r M a es t y ,
h e r he irs a n d s u e s s o rs , i s p ro ve d to b e e n t i tl e d t he re t o ,
s ha ll, s u b e t to e r t a i n d ed u t i on s , b e
a i d i n t o t he re e i p t
p

o f h er M a e s ty s e
he qu e r i n s u h m a n n e r as the C o mmi s
s i o n ers of th e Treas u r
y m a y di re t , a n d t ha t the s a m e s hall
b e a rri e d to a nd fo rm pa rt o f the Co n so lid a t ed F u n d o f
n i te d
the
in g d o m
A n d w he reas d ou b t s ha e b e e n e n t e rt ai ned w he t he r the
s aid l as t re i t e d
p ro is i o n i s o ns i s te n t w i t h the a rra n g e
m e n t s o n e r n i n g the he red it ary re e nu e s o f the Cro w n
e ffe t e d b y th e A ct o f t he rs t y ear o f h er p res en t M a es t y ,
ch a p t e r t w o
A n d w he re a s d o u b ts ha v e b e e n e n t er t a i n e d 1 i t
2
w h e ther d u e p ro vi s io n i s m a d e b y th e s a id A ct fo r p a y i n g
to t he re e n u e s o f the D u hi es o f L a n a s t e r a n d Co r n wa ll
res pe t i el y s u h o f the s aid p ro eeds a s m a y b el o ng t o
t hose d u hi e s
I t i s h e re b y d e la re d , t ha t s u h o f the s aid p ro e ed s o f
w re k as b el o n g to h e r M a es t y i n rig ht o f h er C ro w n
s ha ll , d u ri n g t he life o f her p res e n t M a es t y ( w ho m G o d
l o n g p res e r e ), b e a rrie d to a n d fo rm p a r t o f t he C ons oli
n i te d
i n g d o m , a n d s ha ll aft er the
d a t ed F u n d o i the
d e eas e o f her p res e n t M a es t y ( w ho m G o d lo ng p re

v
a
n
i
h
e
r
M
a
es
t
d p a d to
s er e ) b e p a y ab l e
y s he irs a n d

5 2

c v

c v

c
v

g gi gg
.

cc
c
xc

j c
j

c
c

c c

c
v

c
c c

c v
c

cce s s o rs

K
j

Vc

i t i s he re b y fu rt her d e cl are d , t ha t s u ch of the s aid


p ro ce e d s o f w re c k as b e l o ng t o her M a j es ty i n r ig ht o f
he r D u chy o f L an cas t er s ha ll b e p a i d to the Re c ei ve r
G e ne ra l o f the s a id d u chy o r hi s s u f c i e n t d epu ty o r d e
p u t i es as p a rt o f the re ven ues of the s a i d d u c hy , a n d b e
d ea l t w i t h a cco rd i ng ly
A n d i t is he reb y fu rther d e cl a re d a n d e n a c te d , tha t th e
p rov is io n i n t he p rin ci p al A ct c o n tai ned reg a rd in g the s al e
hi s
o f u n cl a i me d w r e c k t o w hi c h n o o wn er e s t ab l i s h es
cl a im wi t hi n the p eri o d o f o n e y ea r, a n d to w hi ch no
a d mi ra l, v i c e a d m i ra l , l o rd o f a ny ma n o r, o r p e rs on o t he r
t ha n h er M a j es t y , her he i rs a n d s u cc e s s o rs , i s pro ve d to
b e e n t i tl e d , is i n t e n d e d a n d s hall b e c o n s t r u e d to a ppl y to
w r eck of the s ea b el ong i ng to her M a j e s ty , he r hei rs an d
A

nd

'

c
c

su

24 6
Su

A PPE NDI X
1, 2

re

e r in res p e ct of th e D uc h y of Co rnw all o r to th e


D u ke of Co rn w all for t he t i m e bei n g i n res p e ct of hi s
b u t t h a t the pro ce ed s o f s u c h w re c k
D u c h y of C o rn w ll
s hal l s u b j e ct to s u c h dedu c ti o n s as are i n the s a m e A ct
m en ti on ed fo rm p a rt o f the r eve n u e s of the D u c h y of
C o rn wall a nd be deal t wi th ac c ordi n g ly
s u cc ss o s ,

4 V I CT

A N A ct to imp ro
J uri s diction

of

H ig

hC

Pra ctic

the

th e

CA P

65

an d

e x tend

the

A d miral ty

o rt o f

of

[7 th A ugu s t 18 4 0
W H E RE A S the u ris di ti o n o f the H ig h Cou rt of A dmi ra lty
ertai n r es p ect s ad antag eo u s l e
of E n la n d m ay be i n
B e i t t h e refore
ten de
an d the pra ti e th e r e o f i m pro v ed
e na ted b the Qu ee n s m os t E x elle nt Ma es ty b a n d
w ith the a d v i e a n d
o n s e n t o f the L o r d s S p i ri t u a l a n d
T e m p oral an d Co mm o n s i n th i s pr e s e nt P arli a m e n t as s e m
bled an d b y the au th o ri t y of the ame Th at it s h al l b e
la w ful for the D ea n o f the A r he s for the tim e ei n g to b e
D n f
A r h e t as s is ta n t to an d to e er i s e al l the p ow e r au th o ri t a n d
i t f J dg e
u ris di ti o n a n d to h a ve a l l the p ri v il eg e s a n d prote ti o n s
f Co rt f
A d m ir l ty o f the ju d va o f the s ai d H ig h C ou rt o f A dm i ralt w it h
r e s p e ct to i s u i ts a n d pro eedi n g s i n th e s ai d o u rt a n d
t h a t all s u h s ui ts a n d pro e e d i n g s a n d a ll th i n g s r el a ti n g
ther e to b rou g ht or ta ki n g pla ce be fo r e the D e a n o f the
A r hes w het he r the j u dg e of the s ai d Hi g h C ou rt o f A dmi
e or b e no t at the s am e ti m e s itti n g or tra n s a ti n g the
ral ty
b u si n es s of the s am e o u rt an d als o du ri n g any va a n y o f
the of e of u d g e o f the s ai d o u rt s h all b e of the s a m e fo r e
an d e ect i n a ll r e s p e ts a s if the sam e ha d bee n b rou g h t
u d g e h i ms el f an d a ll s u h
or h ad take n p l a e befo r e th e
s u its an d pro eed i n g s s h a ll be e n te r ed an d r e g i s t e r ed as
ha i n g b ee n b rou g ht a n d as h a ving ta ke n p la e befo r e the
D ea n of the Ar he s s i t ti ng for th e u dg e of t he H i g h C o u rt
o f A d mi ralt
A d voca t
2 A n d be it d e lar ed a n d e n a te d T h at all p e rso n s who
m
g t
n ow are o r a t a n y ti m e he r e a ft e r m a y be e n ti tle d t o p rac
d p
t rs tis e as ad o at es i n the C o u rt o f A r hes are a n d s h all b e
f C rt of
A r h es to b e e n ti tled to practis e as a dv o a tes i n the s ai d H ig h C ou rt o f
d mi tt d i
A dmiral t ; an d th at all p e rs o n s w ho n ow are o r he r e afte r
C o rt f
e
en ti tl ed to ac t as su rr og at e s or pro to rs i n th e
ay
m
A dmiral t C ourt of A r hes s h all be e n ti tl ed r es p ecti el t o practis e
y
an d act or to be a d mitte d to pra tis e and ac t a s the
as e
may e as surr og ate s a nd p ro tors in the said Hi g h C onrt
E ng

l and

c
c
cc
c

or

ou

c
c c

ro

c j

a e s,

y
c
y
c
,

cc

i r ro

e s,

x c

y x
y

an

ea

vc
y
b c
b
,

c
c

c
v
,

c
c

I CT

65

CA P

cc

247

cc

A d mi ral ty a o r d i n g to the r le s a n d pra ti e n ow 5 m m


pr ev a i lin g an d ob s e r ved o r he r e a fte r to be m a de i n a n d b
the sai d H ig h C o u r t o f A d m ira lt to u h i ng the a d mis s io n
a n d pr a t i s i n
g o f a d vo at es s u rro g at e s a n d pro to rs i the
s ai d
o u r t r e s p e t i ve l
3 A n d be it e n a ted th at a ft e r the p as s i n g o f th is A ct Wh en ever
w he n eve r an y s h i p or ve ss e l s h a l l be u n de r a rr e s t b p ro
e s s i s s u i ng from th e s a i d H ig h C o u rt o f A d miralt y o r the $23231
p r o eed s o f a y s h i p o r ve s s e l h v in g bee n s o a rr e s ted s h a ll b
g ht i t
h a ve bee n b ro u g ht i n t o a d b e i n the r eg is t ry o f the s a id R i b Y
o ur t i n e i the r s u h
o u r t s h a ll
h a ve ful l gg ffft
as e the sa i d
ris di t io n to ta ke o g n iz a n e o f a ll l ai m s a n d a s e s o f d i ti g
a t i o n of a n y p e rs o n i n r e s p e t o f a n y m o rtg ag e o f s
h l im f
s h i p o r ve s s e l
a n d to de i d e a n y s u i t i n s t i t u ted b
a y m rtg g ee
s u h p e rs o n in r es p e t o f a n y s u h l a i ms or a u s e s o f a ti o n
r e s p e t i v e l y ( h)
4 A n d be i t e n a te d T h a t th e s a i d C o u rt o f A d m i ra lt C rt t
id q e
s h a l l h a ve
u r i s d i t io n t o de i de a ll
u e s t io n s a s t o the d
f
ti t l e to o r o w n e rs h ip o f an y s h i p o r ve s s e l
r t he pr o ee d s
Eg i g u
in y a u s e o f
t he r e o f r e m ai n i n g i n the r e g is t r
a ris i n g
e f
w hi h p
e i n
p o s s es s i o n s a l v a g e d a m ag e w ag e s o b o tt o m r
lv g e 4
o u rt a fte r the p as s i n g
of
s h al l b e i n s ti tu te d in the s a i d
of

c
c

c
j

y c

cy

c c
c

thi s A ct
5 is
6
ra l ty s ha ll

y
c

an

c c
c
y

c a

s o

ou

n o

c c

c
c

c
c

ro u

c
c

au s

s o

os s s s o

sa

Se t
r e p ea l ed b y 9 10 V i t
99
A n d be i t e n a t ed T h a t the H ig h C o u rt o f A dmi l h C rt
ert in
h a ve u ris d i t io n to de i de all la i m s an d
d ema n d s w h ats o eve r i n the n a t u r e o f sa l v ag e fo r s e r v i es ggifi ig g
r e n de red to o r d am ag e r e e i ve d b a n y s h ip o r s ea g o i n g
hu m
ves s e l or in the n a t u r e o f to w ag e o r for n e e s s ar ies p f ervi
p li ed t o an y fo r e ig n s h i p o s ea g o in g ves s e l a n d to e n fo r e S
g
g
the p a m e n t the r e o f w h ethe r s u h s h i p o r ve s s e l m a y h a ve l th g h
t
th
b ee n w i th i n the b o d o f a o u n t y o r u p o n the h ig h s e as a t
hi g h
the ti m e w he n the s e r v i es w e r e r e n de r ed o r d a m a g e e
ce i v e d o r n e e s s a ri e s fu rn is hed i n r e s p e t o f w h i h s u h
lai m i s m a de
7 A n d b e it e n a t ed Th a t i n a n y s u i t de p e n d i n g i n the E i d en e
the C o u rt ( i f i t s h a ll th in k Eg wa
s ai d H ig h C o rt of A d mi ra l t
be
t ) m a y s u mm o n befo r e i t a n d e a mi n e o r a u s e
i
p
rt
e x a m i n ed w i t n e s s e s b y w o r d of m o u th a n d e i the r b efo re or C
de p os iti o n o r be fo r e a C ommi s s io n e r
a fte r e a m i n a t i o n b
a n d n o te s o f s u h ev i de n e
as he r e i n aft e r m e n ti o n ed
u d g e o r Re g is tra r
s h al l be ta ke n d o w n in w ri t i n g b y the
s u h oth e r p e rs o n o r p e rs o n s a n d in s u h m a nn e r as
or b
th e u dg e o f the s a i d o u rt s h al l d i re t
E d
f
i
t
u
m
a
i
A
n
d
e
n
a
ed
T
h
t
the
s
a
id
o
r
t
a
i
t
t
b
e
8
y
b
i
l Sig n Siva
s h a l l th i n k t i n a ny s u h s u it i ss u e o n e o r m o r e s p e a
e b e f re
o mmi s s i o n s t o s o m e p e rs o n bei n g a n a dv o a te o f th e s ai d v
C m i
a
s
s
t
a
s
A
d
m
i
r
l
f
n
o
t
le
s
h
n
e
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
f
o
ou
r
t
h
C
i
Hg
y
y
i
s
l 24 V i t 10 25
( h) S
8
E te nd e d b y I b i d

c
c

y
,

ou

"1 c

no

on

c c
.

s.

en

n o

v oc e

'

868 5

es

es

ou

ee a so

l ece s

c c

or s

su

on

cc

y c
j

cn ce

s on er

2 48

s y crs _g _ n

P PE ND I X

g or a b arri s t er a t l a w o f n o t le ss than s e ve n y ea rs
s ta n di n , to ta ke ev i de n ce b y w ord o f m out h, u p o n o a th ,
g
w h i ch every s uch C o mmis s i o n er i s here b y e mpo w ered to
a d m i n i s t er, a t s uch t im e or t i m es , p l a ce or p la c es , a n d a s
to s u c h fa ct or fa cts , a n d i n s uch m a n n er, order , an d
cours e, an d u n der s u ch l im ita ti o n s an d res tri cti on s , an d to
t ran s m it t he s a m e to th e reg i s try o f th e s ai d court, i n s uch
form a nd m an n er a s i n a n d b y the co m m is s i o n s h a ll be
di rected ; a n d th at s uch C o mm is s i on er s h a ll be atten ded,
a n d t he wi t n e s s es s h all be ex a m i n ed, c ro s s ex a mi n ed , a nd
re ex a m i n ed b y the
p a rti es , t hei r co u ns el , p roctors , or
a g e n ts , if s uch
pa rti e s , or ei ther o f t hem , s h a ll t hi n k t s o
to do ; a n d s uch co mmi s s i o n s h all if n eed be , m a ke a
s p e ci a l rep or t to th e court t ouch i n g s u ch ex a m i n a ti o n , a n d
s tan d i n

co n duct or a bs en ce of an y w i t es s or ot her p ers o


hereon or relati ng thereto ; a d t he s i d H ig h C ourt o f
A dm i ra l ty i s hereby a uthori s ed to i s ti tu te s uch p roceed
i g s a n d m a ke s uch ord er or orders up o n s uch rep ort a s
jus ti c e m ay requ ire a d as m ay be i n s tit uted or m a de in
a n y c as e o f co n t e mpt o f t h es a id cour t
A tte d
9 A n d b e i t en a cted Th a t it s ha ll be la w f ul i n an y s u i t
f
it
de
e
n d i n g i n th e s ai d C our t o f A d mi ra lt y f or th e judg e o f
p
d
the s a i d c ourt or f or a y s uch co m m i ss i o n er a pp o i nt ed in
E
f
i
h a tte n dan ce o f a y
p p r m y pu rs u a n ce o f t h i s A ct t o requ re t e
m
b
w itn es s es a n d t he p roducti o n o f an y deeds evi den c es
ell ed b y b O Uks or w riti n s by w rit to be iss ued b y s u ch j ud e or
g
g
g bp
co mmi s s mn er i n s u c h a n d th e s a m e form or as n e arly a s
m a y be a s t h a t i n w h i ch a w rit o f s ubp oena a d tes ti ca n
d u m or o f the s ubp oe a du c es t ecu m i s no w i s s ued b y her
M a je s ty s C our t o f Q uee n s B en c h a t W es tm i ns t er ; a n d
th at every p ers on dis o b eyi ng a n y s u c h w ri t s o t o be is s ued
b y t he s a i d j udg e or C ommis s io er s ha ll b e co ns i dered as i n
c o n tem p t o f the s a i d H ig h C our t o f A d mi ra lty a n d m a y
be p u ni s hed for s uc h co nt empt i n the s ai d c ourt
Pro i io
10 A n d be it e a cted Th a t a ll the p rov is i o n s o f a n A ct
f3M 4
o f hi s late Ma jes ty
p ass ed i n the f ourt h y e r o f the rei g
z i n tituled
A n A ct for t he further A m e dm e nt o f the L a w
ga
Xtzhur
w i th res p ect to t he a d
t f an d b ett er A d mi i s t ra ti o n o f J u s ti ce
t C
A d m i r lty
mi ssi b ility o f the ev i de n c e o f wi tn ess es i teres t ed o n a ccou n t
o f the verdi ct or j udg m ent s h all ext en d to the a d mi s s i
b i lity o f ev i de ce i n a ny s u it p e n d in g i n the s a i d C our t o f
A dmi ra lty a d t he e n try d i re ct ed b y t he s a i d A ct to b e
m a de o n t he record o f j udg m en t s ha ll be m a de u p o n t h e
docum ent con taini ng the nal s ent en ce o f the sai d court
a n d s h al l h a ve the l i ke eff ect a s the e n t ry o n s u ch re c ord
P w
'
5
11 A nd be i t en a ct ed Tha t i n a n y co n t e s ted s u i t de
e
n di ng i n th e s a i d C our t o f A d m i ra l t y th e sa i d court s h a ll
p
gg
g
g g
h a e p ow er if i t s h all th i n k t so to do to di rect a t ria l
by j ury o f an y i ss ue or is s ues o n a n y ques ti o n or ques ti o s
o f fa ct a ris ing i n an y s u ch s uit a nd th at the s u b s tan c e and
th e
t

an ce

l l ks s e

ro

e co

oena

v s

ns

'

el

VI CT

CA P

65

2 49

form o f s uch i s s ue or i ss ues s hall b e s p eci ed b y the judg e S C 12


o f the s a i d court at the ti m e o f di recti ng the s a m e ; an d i f
16
the p a rti es d i ff er i n dra wi ng s uch i s s ue or i s s ues i t s ha ll
be re f erred to the judg e of th s a i d court to s ettle the s a m e ;
a d s uch t ri l s ha ll be ha d be f ore s o m e j d e o f her
g
M a je s ty s s u p er ior cour ts o f C o mm o n L a w a t W es tmi s ter
a t t h e s i tt i n s a t Ni s i P r i u s i n L o do n or M i ddle s ex or
g
before s om e j udg e o f as s iz e at Nis i Pri us as to th e s a i d
c our t s ha ll s eem t
12 A n d be i t en a cted Th a t the co s ts o f s uch i s s ue s or C o t f
o f s uch co mmi s s i o n as a fores a i d as the j udg e o f th s i d i
fm d
H ig h C ourt o f A d m i ra lt y s h a ll u n der th i s A ct di rect s h all
b e p a i d b y s uch p a r ty or p a rti es p ers o n or p ers o n s a d be i th di
f
ta xed by t he Reg i s tra r o f t he s ai d H ig h C ourt o f A d mi r al ty cr ti
th C
t
i n s u ch m
n er as the s a i d j ud e s h a ll d i
t
a
d
t
h
a
t
g
re c
p a y m e n t o f S uc h co s ts s h all be e forced i n t he s a m e
m an n er a s cos ts bet w ee n p a r ty a n d p a rty m a y be en for c ed
i n o th er p roceedi n g s i n the s a i d court
13 A n d be i t e a ct ed T h a t the s ai d C ourt o f A dm i ra lty Pow er t
up on a pp li ca t io n to be m a de wi thin t hree ca le n da r m o n ths d i t
tm l
a ft er t he t ri a l o f a n y s u c h i s s ue b y a y p a rty co n cern ed
m a y g ra nt a n d di rec t o e or m ore n e w tri a ls o f an y s uch
i s s ue a n d m a y order s uch ne w t ri a l to t a ke p la ce i n t he
ma
er herein b e fore di rect ed w it h reg a rd to the rs t t ri al
o f s u ch is s ue a n d m a y b y order o f the s a m e court di rect
s u c h c o s ts to b e
p a i d a s t o the s a i d cour t s h all s eem t
up o n a y app li ca ti o n for a e w tri al or u po a n y ne w
t ri a l or s e c o d or o ther
e w t r ia l
a nd
m a y di re ct b y
w ho m a d to w ho m an d a t w h a t ti m es a n d i n w h a t
m a n n er s uch co s ts s ha ll be p a i d
14 A n d be i t e n a ct ed Th a t the g ra n tin g or ref us in g to G r ti g
g ra n t an is s ue or a n e w tria l o f a ny s u ch i s s ue may b e ref i g
ma tt er o f app ea l to her M a je s ty i C ou n c i l
15
A n d be i t e na ct ed Th a t a t the t ri a l o f a n y i ss ue
pp e l
di rected b y the s a i d H ig h C our t o f A d mi ra lty ei ther p a r ty
B i ll
f
s h a ll h a ve all t he li ke p o w ers ri g hts a d re m edi e s w i th c
t
p ti o
res p ect to bill s o f ex c ep ti o n s a s pa rti es i mplea ded b efore b l l w ed
t
l
f
j us ti ces m a y ha ve by virtue o f the s tat ute m de i n th a t ue
beh a l f i n t he t h irtee nth y ea r o f the rei g n o f K i ng E d w a rd
t he F irs t w it h res p e ct to ex c epti o n s a lleg ed b y t hem be f ore
s uch j u s ti ces
or by an y other s tatute ma de i n the l i ke
b eha l f a n d e ery s u c h b ill o f excep ti o n s s ea led w i t h the
s e a l o f t he j ud g e or j udg e s t o w hom s u c h ex c ep ti o n s s h a ll
h a ve b een m a de s ha ll be an n exed to the record o f the tri a l
o f t he s a i d i s s u e
16 A n d b e i t en ac t ed That the rec ord o f th e sai d i s s ue Rec rd f
to
a n d o f th e verdi ct therei n
s h a ll be t ra ns m i tt ed b y the t h i
c er t o the Reg is tra r o f the sai d
as s ocia t e or o th er p ro per o f
C ourt o f A dm ir a lt y ; a nd the erd i ct o f t he j ury u po n any th Co rt f
s u ch i ss ue ( u n l es s th e sa m e s h a ll b e s e t as i de) s hall b e con A d m i r l ty
E

s s o

S S l l eS

an

on o

ou r

f ec

nn

an

or

us n

ex _

s o

ns

e a

na s o

ls s

'

ss u e

25 0

PPE ND IX

elu s i ve u po n the sai d court a nd upo n al l s u ch pers o ns :


a d in
l l furth er p roce e din g s i n the ca us e in w hi ch s uch
fa ct i s foun d th e s ai d c ourt s hall as s um e s u ch fact to b e as
foun d b y the j ury
17 A n d b e it en a cte d That every p ers on w ho if this
Provi io s
f 2 6: 8 W m A ct h a d n ot b een
as s ed m i g ht ha e app e ale d a n d m a de
p
4 c 92
t
ou
n c il a g a i n s t a n y p ro c eedi n g
s ui t t o her Maj es ty i
C
p p e l to
decree or s ente n c e o f the s ai d Hi h C ourt o f A dmi ral ty
p p ly t
ui t in
u n der or b y
irtue o f a n A ct p ass e i n the t hi rd y e a r o f
C ourt f
A n A ct f or tra n s
the re ig n o f hi s l at e Ma jes ty i ntitu led
A d m iralty
u d e this f erri ng the Pow ers o f the H ig h Court o f D eleg ate s b oth i n
A t
E ccles i as ti ca l an d Ma ri ti m e Ca u s es to his Ma jes ty in

C ou n cil
may i n li ke m a er app eal a n d m ake s u its to her
M a jes ty i n C ou ncil a g a i n s t the p ro c eed i g s d e c ree s a n d
s e n t e n c e s o f the s ai d c ourt i n all s ui ts i ns titut e d an d pro
i rtu e o f the p rov i s io ns o f thi s
cee di ng s had i n the s a m e b y
A ct a n d th at all the p rovi s i o ns of the s a i d l a s t me nti o n ed
A ct s h all apply to a ll a pp eal s and s ui ts a g a i ns t the p ro
ce e d i n g s de c ree s an d s en t e n c es o f th e sa i d court i n s u its
i n s ti tut ed a n d p ro ceedi n g s ha d b y i rt ue o f the p rovi s i o s
o f this A ct ; a nd s uch app ea ls an d s uits s h all be p ro ce eded
i i n the mann er a nd for m p rovi ded b y a n A ct p ass ed i n
3
4 W m 4 th e f ourt h y e ar o f th e rei n o f hi s l at e M a je s ty i ntitule d
g

c 41 t
A n A ct f or the b ett er A dmi n is tra ti on o f J u s ti c e i n hi s
p p ly i
an d all th e p rov i s i o n s o f th e
M aje s ty s Pri y Cou cil
me m n
to app eal s a n d s u its fro m
s a i d l as t me nti o n ed A ct rel a tin
the H i g h C ourt o f A d m i ralty s all be a pp l i ed to app eal s
a n d s ui ts from the s a i d court i n s ui ts i ns ti t ut ed an d p ro
cee di g s ha d b y v i rt ue o f the p rovi s i o n s o f t h is A ct
Pro
C erti ed
vi d e d a l w ay s t h at i n an y s uch a p ee l t he n ot es o f e i de n ce
ot f
t aken a s h erei nb efore p rov i ded y or u n der the dire cti on
e i d e e o f the j u d e o f the s ai d H i h C ourt o f A dm i ra lty s hall b e
g
t ke m y
g
b
d mi tted c erti ed b y the s a i d judg e to her Maj e s t y i n C ou nci l an d
ap p eal
s h a ll be a dmi tted to p rove th e oral evi de n ce g i e n i n the
s ai d C ourt o f A d m i ralty a n d that n o evi de c e s hal l b e
a dm i tted o n s u ch app ea l to co ntrad i ct the n ot es o f e i d e n c e
s o tak en a nd c erti e d a s a f ore sa i d b u t this p ro is o s h all
no t e ure to p reven t t he ju di cia l c o m m i ttee o f t he Pri y
C o u n ci l f ro m d i recti g w i t ne s s es to be ex am i n ed a n d
t e e xa m i n ed u p o n s u c h fa cts as to the co mm ittee s ha l l
b y the l as t re cit ed
s ee m t i n the m a n n er d i re cte d
'

S s crs

as

a s

nn

sa

n er .

es o

nc

e a

on

A ct
18

A n d b e i t en a cte d That i t sh al l be la wf u l f or the


Pow er fo
f
J dg
t he sai d H ig h C ourt of A d mi ra lty f ro m ti m e to
jud
e
o
f
g
A d m i lty
ti m e to ma k e s u ch rules ord ers a n d reg ulati o s res p e cti n g
t m ke
the pra ct i ce and mode o f p ro ceed i n g o f the s a i d court a n d
r l e of
Court
t he con du ct and duti es o f the o f c er s a nd p ra cti ti o n ers
therei n as to hi m s h a ll s eem t an d f ro m tim e t o ti me to
rep eal or alter s uch r ules orders or reg ulati on s Pro i ded
a l wa ys th at n o s u c h rules ord ers or reg ul ati o ns shal l b e
r

e o

ra

VI C T

CA P

65

25 1

o f any forc e or e ffe ct u til the s am e s ha ll ha e b een ap S


19
24
p roved b y her M a j es ty i n C ou c i l
19 A n d i t s h all be decla red a nd e a cted Th at n o a cti o n

s h all l i e a a i n s t t he jud e o f th e s a i d H i h C o
A
t
o
f
d
g
g
g
E
g
t gg g
m i ra l ty for error i n judg m e t a d t h a t t he s a i d j udg e f th 0 3 ,
s h a ll b e e n ti tled t o an d h a ve
l l p ri v i leg es a n d p ro t ec ti o s f A d m i
i n t he exerci s e o f hi s jur is d i c ti o n a s j u d g e d th e s a i d cour t lty
w h i c h b y l a w a pp er ta i n to th e j udg es o f her M a j es ty s
s u p eri or courts o f co m m o
l a w i n the exerc is e o f t hei r
s e vera l j uri s di cti o ns
2 0 A n d be i t e na ct ed Tha t the kee p er f or t he ti m e G ol
t
bei ng o f every co m m o g a ol or p ris o n s h all be bou n d to w v P
recei ve an d ta ke i to his cu s tody al l p ers o s w ho s h all be
com m i tted t hereu to by the s a i d C ourt o f A dmi ra lty or th Co rt f
w h o s ha ll be co mmitt ed t hereu nt o b y a n y c oro n er a p A d m i r l ty

xd
n
i
n
t
t
o
ed
b
y
t
h
e
jud
e
o
f
h
a
i
our
o
f
A
d
m
i
r
a
l
y
u
o
t
e
s
d
C
t
p
p
g
g
i igi t5
an y
ques t ta ken W i thi n or u p o n th e hi g h s eas a dj a c en t to omm
the co u n t y or o t her juris d i cti o n t o w h i ch s uch g a ol or
p ris o n belo g s a n d ever y keep er o f a n y g a ol or p ri s o n w ho
s h a ll re f u s e to rece i ve i t o h i s cu s tody a
y p ers o n s o co m
mi tte d or w i lfully or ca reles s ly s u ffer s u c h p er s o n to
es ca p e a d g o t la rg e w i thout la w ful w a rra t s h all be
li a ble to th e li ke p e al ti es a d co ns equen ces as if s uch
p ers o n had bee n c o mm i tted to hi s cu s tody b y a n y o ther
l a w ful a uthori ty
2 1 A d be it e a ct ed T h a t it s h a ll be l a w f ul f or the Pri o er i
judg e o f t he s a i d H ig h C ourt o f A dm i ralty to order the t m pt
di s ch a rg e o f a n y p ers o n w ho s h all be i cu s tody for co Egzhgig d
t em p t o f th e s i d court for a n y c a u s e ot her th a n for n on
s uch c o n d i ti o n s a s to t he jud g e
p aym en t o f m o n e y o
s h a ll s ee m j s t
Prov i ded a l w a y s th at the ord er f or s u ch
dis cha rg e s h all n ot be dee m ed to h a ve p urg ed the orig in a l
co n te mpt i n ca s e the co diti o n s o w h i ch s uch order s h a ll
be m a de he ot f ul lled
22 A n d be i t e na ct ed Th a t th e s a i d H ig h C ourt o f J uri di tio
t y qu
A d m i r a lty s h a ll h a ve j uris di cti o n to deci de a ll m a tt ers a n d
o
:
ques t o ns co cer g booty o f w a r or the di s t b u ti o n m i g
t hereo f w h i ch i t s h a ll p leas e her M a j es ty her hei r s a n d b ty f
s ucce s s ors b y th e a dv i ce o f her an d t hei r Pri vy cou n c i l to w
ref er t o the judg m e n t o f the s ai d c ourt a n d i n al l m atters
s o re f erred t he cou rt s h a ll p rocee d as i n c as es o f p ri z e o f
w a r a n d th e j udg m e nt o f t he cour t there i n s ha ll b e bi n di ng
up on a ll p a rti es co n cern ed
2 3 Provi ded a l w a ys a n d b e it en a cted Tha t n o th i n g J ri d i ti o
h erei n co n ta i n ed s ha ll b e deem ed to p reclude a n y o f her f Cou t f
m
i
s
i
t
i
n
l
a
n
w
i
n
j
e
y
c
our
t
o
f
w
or
equ
y
h
a
v
jur
d
c
o
a
s
t
s
s
i
t
o
M
g
g
g
i y g t
over the s evera l s ub j ect m atters an d ca us es o f a cti o n here t i
w y
i n b efo re m en ti o n ed f rom c o ti n ui g to exerc i s e s u ch jur i s
di cti o n a s fully as if th i s A ct ha d n o t b ee n p a s s ed
24 A n d b e i t en a cted That this A ct m a y b e rep e aled or A ct m y b e
n

E C TS

ur

ec l
e

ra

e rs

_
'

'

in

con

ni n

ri

es

n s con

ce

'

oo

ar

r s o

en a

25 2

am

by

li a men t

Par

s es si n

o of

A ct to b e p as s ed i n this

a ny

e d ed
th i S e si o
am

e ed

am nd

14

PP E ND I X

2 4 V I CT

A N A ct to

r c ic e

e te nd

the

of

the

CA P

10

J u r is di cti

H ig h C

on

imp

an d

rove

rt of A dmi alty
[ 17 th May

the

18 6 1

exp edi ent to ex ten d the j uris di ctio n and


i m pro e the p rac ti c e o f the Hig h C ourt o f A dm i ra lty o f
E ng la n d : Be i t t here fore e na ct ed b y t he Q ueen s m os t
E x c ellen t M aj es ty b y a n d w i t h the a d v i ce a nd co n s en t o f
the L ords S pi rit ua l an d T emp oral an d C o mmo ns i n th is
p res e nt Pa rlia m ent as s em bled an d b y the a utho ri t y o f the
s ame as f ollo w s
The
ti tl e
1 T hi s A ct ma y b e ci te d for all p urp os es as
A d m i ral ty C ourt A ct
I terp ret
2 I n the i n terp retati o n a n d for the p urp os es o f thi s A ct
ti
f
i f n ot i n co ns i s te t w i th the co n tex t or s ubj e ct) the f ollo w
(
t rm
i ng t er ms s hall h a ve the res p ec ti e m ea ni ng s herei n a fter
t h a t i s to say
a s s i g n ed t o the m
S h i s hall i n clude a n d es cri tion of ves s el us ed i n
y
p
p
n o t p ro p elled b
n a vig ati o
y cars
Ca u s e s hal l i n clude a ny ca u s e s ui t a ction or o th er
p ro ceedi ng in t he C ourt o f A dm iral ty
C omm e
3 Th is A ct s ha ll co m e in to op erati o n o n the 1st da y o f
m f
J u n e o ne t hous an d ei g ht hun dred an d s ixty one
A t
4 The Hig h C o u rt o f A d mi ralty s ha ll ha e j urisdi cti o n
1
equ
or
re
an y cla i m for the bu i ldi ng
i pp i n g
ai ri n g o f
p
a:{35 3513a n s hi if at the tim e o f t he i n s tituti on o f the ca us e t he
y
p
equi pp i g
p i ri g s h ip or th e pro ceed s ther eo f are u n der a rres t o f t he C ou rt
f hi p
The H i g h C ourt o f A dm i ralty s hall ha e juri s d i cti o n
5
A t cl i m o er an y cl a im for n ece ssa ri es s upp l i ed to a ny s hip els e w h ere
t h a n i n t he p ort to w h i ch the s hip b elo ng s u less i t i s
e
o f the Court that at t he ti m e o f
s ho w n to the s a ti s fa c ti o
the in s ti tu ti o n o f t he c a u s e a ny o w n er or p ar t o w n er o f t he
s hi p i s do mi ci led i n E n g la n d or W al es : Pro i ded a l w a ys
s uc h c a u s e th e
tha t if i n a n
p la in ti do n ot recover
he s ha ll n ot b e entitled to a ny cos ts
t w en ty p o u n
cha rg es or exp ens es i curred b y him therei n u nless the
judg e s hall ce rt ify that the ca us e was a t o ne to be t rie d
i n the sai d C ourt
6 The Hig h C ourt o f A dm iralty shal l ha e juris di cti o n
A t clai m
f
da m g e o er a n cl ai m b y t he o w n er or co ns i n ee or as s i n e es o f
y
g
g

a y g ood s ca rr i e d in to an
o
f
or
a n y b ill o f lad in g
t in
y
p
l

g
i
g
E n g land or W a les i n a y s h ip for d am ag e do n e to the
W H E RE A S i t i s

on o

'

n ce

sa n

s!

o r re

m
or

24

VI CT

10

CA P

25 3

g o o ds or an y p a rt t here of b y the n e g l ig en ce or m is c o n du ct S E C rs 7 12
o f or fo r a n y b re a c h of d u t y o r b rea c h of c o n tra ct o n the
p a rt of th e o w ne r mas t er, or cre w o f the s hip , u n l e s s it i s
s ho w n t o th e s a tis fa cti o n of the c o u r t tha t at t he ti m e o f
th e i n s titu ti o n o f t he cau s e a n y o w n er or
art o w n er o f
the s hip i s d o m i c il ed i n E ng l an d o r W a es
Pr o v i d e d
a l w a ys , th a t if i n a n y s u c h ca u s e th e p l ai n ti ff d o n o t re
c over t w e n ty p o u n ds he s hall n ot b e e n titled to an y c o s ts,
charg es , o r e xpe n s e s in c urred b y him there in, u nl es s the
j u dg e s hall certify tha t the ca u s e w as a t o ne to b e tried
in the s a i d c o u r t
7 The H ig h C ou rt o f A d miral t y s ha ll ha v e j u ri s d i c ti o n A s to claims
for d am a e
o v er a n y c l a i m fo r d a ma g e d o ne b y a n y s hi p
g
b an y s mp
8 The H ig h C o u rt o f A d mi ra l t y s h al l ha v e j u ris d i c ti o n y
to d e ci d e al l qu es ti o n s ari s i ng b e t w ee n th e cc o w ne rs or H g
f
l r
l7
a ny of the m , t o u chi n
the o w n e r s hi p p o s ses s i o n e m p l o y go l egi a
:
m en t, a n d e a r n i n g s 0 a ny s hip re g i s tere d at any p o rt i n qu e s ti on s as
E n g la n d o r W al e s o r a ny s ha re t here o f, an d m ay s e ttl e to p w n e r
M
al l a cc o u n ts o u t s t an d i n g an d u n s e ttl ed b e t w e e n the p a rtie s
i n rel a ti o n th e re t o , an d m ay d ire c t th e s a id s hip o r a n y
s hare t h ere o f to b e s o ld , an d m ay m ak e s u c h o rd er i n the
premi s e s as to it s hall s ee m t
The M er ch a n t S hi pp in g A ct E x ten d i ng
9 A ll th e pr o v is i o n s of

l s l
i n re g a rd t o s al v ag e o f l i fe fr o m a ny s hip or bo a t
lg
a
w it hin th e l i m its o f the Un it ed K i ng d o m, s ha ll b e e x c ia i m s for
t en d ed t o the s al v ag e of li fe fro m an y Britis h s hip o r b o a t sa lva g e of
w heres o e ver the s er vi c e s m a y ha v e b e en re nd e re d , a n d me
from a n y f o re ig n s hip o r b o a t w h er e the s e rvi c es ha v e
b ee n re n d ere d e ither w h o ll y o r i n p a rt i n B ritis h w a t ers
10 The H ig h C o u rt o f A d m iral ty s hal l ha v e j u ris d i c ti o n A s to cla im,
o v er a ny cl ai m b y a s eaman o f a n y s hip fo r wag e s e arn e d for w a g e s
b y him o n b o ar d th e s hip , w he ther th e s am e b e d u e u n d er
a s p e c i a l c o n tra c t o r o t he r w i s e , an d a l s o o v e r a n y c la i m b y b
y mas ter o f
the m a s ter o f a n y s hi p for w ag e s e arn e d b y hi m o n b o a rd a s hi p
th e s h ip , a nd for d i s b u rse men t s m a d e b y hi m o n a cc o u n t
o f the s hip : Pr o v id e d al w a y s tha t if i n a ny su c h c au s e
the pl a i n tiff d o n ot re c o v er fty p o u n d s , h e s ha ll n o t be
e n tit l e d to a n y co s t s , c har e s , or e x p e n s es i n cu rre d by hi m
therein , u n l es s the j u d g e
ce rtify tha t the cau s e w as a
t o ne to be tri e d i n t he s a i d c o u rt
3 a; 4 we t
11 The H ig h C o u rt o f A d mi ral t y s h al l ha v e j u ris d i cti o n ( 3 65 in
o v er a ny cla im i n res pect of a n y m o rtg ag e d u l y reg is te re d N ew ! to

m rtg ag '
h
e
i
t
h
e
r
o
v
i
s
i
o
n
s
o
f
T
M
er
c
h
a
n
t
h
i
i
n
r
d
n
t
o
S
ac co
p
pp g e
g
d t
w h e t he r the s hi p or the p roceeds t here o f b e E
A ct,

A d miral ty
u n d e r a rre s t o f the s a id cou rt o r n o t
12 The H ig h C ou rt of A d mi ral t y s h all ha v e the s am e S e cti on s 6 2
pow ers o v er a n y B ritis h s hip o r a n y s hare there in, a s are t o 6 5 o f
c o nferre d u p o n the Hig h C o u rt o f C han cery i n E ng l an d b y
the s i xt y s e c o n d , s ix ty th ird , s ixt y fo u rt h, a n d s ixty f th ga
dea
The Mercha n t S hippi ng A ct,
t C ot t f
s e c ti o n s of
-

'

i f gg
'

'

'

'

y
Zd mig l tp

25 4

A PPE ND

ip o r v es s el or the pro ceed s there


16
o f are u n d er arres t o f th e Hig h C o ur t o f A d m i ral t y th e
s a i d co u rt s hall ha v e t h e s a m e p o w ers as a re c o n fe rre d
i
ff u p o n the H ig h C o u rt o f C h a n ce ry in E n g la n d b y th e ni th
g vct art of The Me c ha t S h i in A ct
c 104
p
pp g
t
14 The H i h C o ur t o f A d mi ral t y shall b e a c o urt of
d d
g
t
f reco rd fo r all i n te n ts a n d ur o ses
p p
A d mmuy
15
Al l d e cre es a n d o rd ers o f the H ig h C ou rt o f A d
3
miral ty w hereb y a n y s u m o f m o n ey or a n y c o s ts cha rg e s
: o r ex enses s hall be p a yab le t o a ny pers on s hall ha v e the
p
$ 35 3
s a me e ect as j u d m en ts i n t h e s u p eri o r co u r ts o f c o mm o n
g
D c
d
l a w an d the pers o s t o w ho m any s u ch m o e s or c o s ts
O d
f
charg es or expens es s hal l b e p ayab l e s ha ll b e d eem e d
Co t f
A d m i l ty
j u dg ment cred it o rs a d a ll p o w ers of enfor ci g j u dg m en ts
p o s s e s s ed b y the s u p e ri o r c o urt s of c o mm o n la w or a n y
j udg e there of w ith res pe c t t o ma tters d epen d ing i n the
j dg m t
t C omm o
s a me c o u rt s as w ell ag a i ns t t he s h ips a n d g oo d s arres t ed
L
as ag a ins t t he p e s o n o f th e j u d g m e n t d e b t o r s h a ll b e p o s
s es s e d b y the s a i d C o u rt o f A d miral t y w i th res p e c t to
ma tters there in d ep e n di g ; a nd all remed ies a t co mm o n
la w p os s e ss ed b y j u d g m e t c re d it o rs s hall he i n lik e
m an n er p os ses s ed b y p e s o s to w h o m a ny m o n i es c o s ts
charg es or expens es are by s u ch o rd ers or d e crees of the
s a i d C o u r t o f A d m i ra l t y d i re c t ed to b e p a id
A t cl im
16 If any cl a im s ha ll he ma d e to an y g o o d s or cha tt els
tak en i n exe c u tio n u n d e r a n y pro cess of the H ig h C o u rt of
A d miral t y o r i n res p e c t o f t he s e iz u re t here o f or n y a ct
x
m
o r ma tt er c o n n e c t ed the re w it h
o r i n re s p ect o f th e p ro
ce ed s or v al u e of a y s u ch g oo ds or chatte l s b y a y l a n d
l o rd fo r ren t o r b y a n y p ers o n o t b e ing the p art y a g a in s t
w h o m the pr o c es s has i s s u e d th e Reg i s trar o f t he s aid
c o u rt may u po n appl i ca ti o n of the o f cer charg ed w ith
the e xe cu ti o n o f the p o c es s w he t her b efore o r a ft er
a c tio n b ro u ht ag a ins t s u c h o f c er is s u e a s u m m o n s
i ng b e fo re th
e s a id co u rt b o th the part y i ss u i n g s u c h
p ro
c es s and the pa rt y ma k ing the cl a im and thereu pon a n y
a c ti o n w hi ch s hal l h a v e b een b ro u g ht i n an y o f h er M a
j es ty s s u p eri o r cou rts o f r e c o rd or in an y l o c al or i n
feri or c o u rt i n respe c t o f s u c h cla i m s eiz u re a ct or
matt er as aforesaid s hall he s t ay e d a nd the c ou t i n
w hi ch s uch a c ti on s hal l ha ve b een b ro ug ht or an y j u d g e
there o f on pro of of the is s u e o f s u c h su mmo ns an d tha t
th e g oo ds an d cha tte ls w ere s o ta k e n i n exe cu ti o n m ay
o rd er the party b ring in g the a cti o n to pay the co s ts of all
p r o ce ed ing s had u p o t h e a c tion af te r is su e of the su m
m ons o ut o f the sa i d A d m i ral t y Co n rt and t he j u d g e o f
the s aid A d miral t y C o u rt s ha ll ad j u d ica te u p o n th e cl a im
a n d make s u ch o rd er b e t w e e n the parties i n re s p e c t t he re
o f an d o f the co s t s o f t he pro ceed ing s
as t o hi m s hal l
s eem t an d s u ch o rd er s ha ll b e enfor c ed in li k e m a n n e r
13

S E C 13_

Wh en e ver

IX

any s h

e x en

e re e s an

ur

ni

ers o
o

ra

en s

e cu

'

2 4 VI C T

10

CA P

25 5

ui t broug h t i n the sai d c ourt S C


W here a n y s uch cl ai m s h a ll be m de a s a fores a i d the
20
cl a im a n t m ay dep o s it w ith the o f cer ch a rg ed w it h the
execu ti o n o f the p roces s either the a m ou nt or v a lue o f
t h e g ood s cla i m ed the v alue to be xed b y a pp ra is e m e t
i n ca s e o f d is p ute t o b e b y t he of c er p a i d i n t o c o r t to
a b i de the deci s i o n o f the j ud e u o n t he cla i m or t he s m
p
g
w h i c h th e o i ce r s h a ll be a llo w ed to cha rg e as c o s ts for
k eep i n g p os s es s i o n o f the g oods u nt il s u c h deci s i o n ca n be
ob ta i n ed a d i n defa ult o f the cla i man t s o doi ng the off: cer
m a y s ell the g oods as if n o s uc h cla im ha d bee n m a de a n d
s h a ll p ay i n to court th e
p ro c eeds o f t he s a le to a b i de the
deci s i o n o f the j udg e
17
The j udg e o f he Hi g h C our t o f A dm i r alty s h a ll Pow
f
h a ve a ll s uch p o w ers as a e p os s es s ed by a ny o f the s up e S up ri
ri or court s of co m m o n l aw or a ny judg e t hereo f to co m Sggg z d
p e l e i ther p a r ty i n a n y c a us e or m a tter t o a s w er i n t er t Cou t f
l y
ro a tO i es a n d t o e force t he
a d A dm i
g
p roduc ti o n i ns p ec ti o
deli very o f copie s o f a n y doc u m e nt i n his p o s s e s s i o n or
p o w er
18 A y p a r ty i n a ca u s e i n he H ig h C ourt o f A d P ty i
mi r al ty s h a ll be a t li berty to app ly to th e sai d c ourt for C o r? f
a n order f or t h e i s p ec ti o n b y t he T ri i ty M as t er s or
o thers pp o i n ted for th e t ri al o f the s a i d ca us e or by t he f
rd r
p a rty h i m s el f or his w i tn ess es o f a ny s hi p or o ther p er f i P
s o n a l or re a l p ro p ert y
t he i ns p ec ti o n o f w h i ch m a y be
m a teria l to t h e i s s ue o f the ca us e a d t he c ourt m ay m a ke M tei
s u c h order i
res p ect o f the c o sts a ri s in g t hereout as to i t
s h a ll s ee m li t
19 A y p a r ty i n a c a u s e i n the H ig h C our t o f A d A d mi ion
m ira lty m y c a l l o n a n y o ther p a rty i the ca us e b y n o ti ce f d o
me t
i n w ri ti n g t o a d mi t a y do c u m en t s a vi ng a ll j us t e x ce p
ti o n s a d i n c as e o f refu s a l or n eg lect to a d m it the c o s ts
o f p rovi g the docum e t s h al l be pai d by the pa r ty s o
n eg lect i n g
or refu s in g w hat ever the res u l t o f the ca u s e
m ay b e u les s a t the t ri a l the j udg e s h all c erti fy tha t the
refus a l to a dm it w a s reas o na b le
2 0 W hen ever it s h all b e m a de to app e a r to the j udg e o f p ow er t
the H ig h C o u rt o f A d mi ra l ty t ha t re as on a b le e tfo rts h a ve Court f
bee n m a de t o e ffect p ers o na l s er i ce o f a y citatio n m o ni agg g f
ti o n or o t her p roce s i s s ued u n der s ea l o f t he sa i d c our t
l i
an d ei ther t h a t t he s a m e ha s c o m e to t he k n o w led g e o f t he vi e f
h
m
n i s h ed or tha t he w il fully ev a de s
r
y
ereb
y
c
i
t
ed
or
o
a
t
t
h
p
?
g
s erv i ce o f the s a m e a n d h as n ot a pp e a red there to the s a i d
g g tgat
E
j udg e m a y order th a t the p a rty o n w ho s e beh alf the ci ta ord r
or o ther p ro c es s w as i s s ued b e a t l i berty to P rti e t
ti o n m o ni ti o
r d
roceed
as if p er s o a l s erv i c e h a d bee n e e ct ed s ubj ec t to P
p
s u c h co n d i t i o s as t o t he j udg e m a y s ee m t a n d a l l p ro
s h a ll b e a s e ffect u a l as if p er s o na l s ervi ce
ce e di n g s t hereo
o f s uc h ci ta ti o m on i tio n or other p ro c es s ha d been e ff ected
as a n
y o rd e r

m a de i n

any

e rs o

or

n,

ar

ra t

o r an o

D
S

QP

GC

as

ss

cu

n s'

ra

'

s on a

n,

oce

'

25 6

PP E ND I X

The s ervi c e i n an y pa rt o f G reat B ritai n or I rel a n d


o f a ny w rit o f s ubpoen a ad tes ti can d u m or s b p oe a d u ces
28
t ecu m i ss u ed u der s e a l o f the H ig h C ourt o f A d m i ra lt y
A t th
s erved i n E n g
s ha ll be a s eff ectu a l as if t he s a m e ha d b ee
f
:zg ggg g la n d or W ales
2 2 A ny n e w w ri t or o ther p ro ce s s n ecessa ry or e xp e
t f
d
E gl
di e t for g i v i g e ect to a n y o f the p rovi s io n s o f t his A ct
d w le
m a y b e i s s ued fro m the H ig h C ourt o f A d m i ra lty i n s uch
Po w r to form as the j udg e o f the s ai d c ourt s h all from tim e to tim e
w
i ue
d
ir ect
i
w te
2 3 A ll the p o w ers p o ss es s ed b y a n y o f th e s up eri or
oth e
courts o f co mm on l a w or any judg e t hereo f un der the
p o e
w it h
a n d o ther w i s e
C om mo n L a w Procedure A ct
d
J ud g e
Reg i tr r
reg ard to ref ere c es to a rbitra tio n p roceedin g s th ereon
o
f
a n d th e e forci n g
a w a rds o f a rb i tr a t ors s h a ll be p os
E
gg g w s ess ed by the jud e o f the H i h C ourt of A dm i ralty i n all
t 3m
g
g
c a us e s a nd m att ers dep en ding i n the sai d court an d the
t ti
d Re i s tra r o f the s a i d C ourt o f A dm i ra lty s hall
J ud g
s s e s s a s to
o
p
g
t
s a s a re p o s s e ss ed b y t h e
g g g smucashterms atotfertshethsae i ds asmue erpioorw ercour
ts o f c omm o n l a w i n re
L w
p
l a tio n t hereto
24 The Reg i s tra r o f the H ig h C ourt o f A d mi ra lty s h al l
f
s ti o 15
17 & 18 Vi t h a ve t he s a m e
p o w ers u n der the fteen t h s e cti o o f the
t
M erch an t S h i ppi ng A ct 18 5 4 a s are b y t he sai d s ecti o n
ag i a d t co n ferred o n t he m asters o f H er M ajes ty s C o u rt o f ueen s
Q
Rgi t
f
B e ch i n E ng l an d a nd I rela n d
C u t f
A d m i l tY
25
The Reg i s tra r o f the H i g h C ourt o f A d m i ra l ty m ay
P w e f exerc is e w it h ref eren ce to ca us es a n d m atters i n the s a i d
court the s am e p ow ers a s a y s urrog ate o f the j udg e o f
the s a i d court s i t ti n g i n ch a m bers m ig h t or could hav e
Bpty
h ere to fore la w f ull y exercis ed a n d a ll p o w ers a n d a tho ri
A i t t
R gi t
ti es by th i s or a y ot her A ct co nf erred u p o n or ve s ted i n
th e Reg i s tra r o f the s a i d H i g h C ourt o f A dm i ra lty m a y be
xercis ed by an y dep uty or as s istan t Reg is tra r of the s ai d
Eourt
2 6 Th e Reg is t ra r o f the s a i d C ourt o f A d mi ra lty s ha ll
F l e o th
f m
h a ve p o w er to a dmi n i s ter o ath s i n rel ation to an y c au s e
W
? d m ed or m atter dep e di g i the s a i d cour t ; an d a n y p ers o n
p l
y
w ho s h a ll w i lf ully dep o s e or a f rm fa ls el y i n an y p roceed
in g before the Reg i s tra r or be fore a n y depu ty or a s s i s ta n t
Reg is tra r o f the s a i d court or before a ny p ers o n a u thoris ed
to a d m i i s ter o a th s i n the s ai d court s h al l be d ee m ed to
be g ui lty of p erjury a nd s ha ll be l iab le to all the p ain s
A p p oi t
a n d p e n a lti e s a t ta c h in g to w i l f ul a n d c orru t
p p erj ur y
2 7 A y a dvoca t e b a rri s t er at l a w p ro ctor a ttorn ey
or s oli cit or of te n y ea rs s ta n di ng m ay b e app oint ed Re
f D ep uty
A
i t t
g i s tra r or ass mtan t or de pu ty Reg i s tra r o f the s a i d c ourt
R g tm
2 8 A n y a d o cate ba rri s t er at l a w p roc tor att or n ey
A pp oi t
or s oli citor m ay b e appoin ted a n exa mi n er o f the H ig h
me t f
C ourt o f A dmi ralty
21

S HO TS 2 1_

ou

an

an

s'

ss

ne

or

r c ss

an
a

ve

er

o 9

as

ra

on as

es an
a

ec

te

s rar o

l a
'

rs o

or

s s s an

s la r

a s

ee

er' ur

'

or

s s s an
e

ls

e x a m i n e rs .

24

V I CT

CA P

10

25 7

2 9 A n y p ers o n w ho s hall ha ve p a i d o n hi s a d mi ss i on i n
S EC
any
our t as a p roct or, s ol ici tor, or a ttorn e the full s tamp
35
d ut o f t w e n t nve p ou n ds , an d who ha s b ee n or s hall
herea fter b e a d mi tted a p roctor, s oli itor, or attorn e ( if S t mp d y
e
i n o ther res e ts e n t itled t o be s o a d mi tt ed ), s hall b e l i ab le
p
t o n o f u rther s ta m p dut i n res p ect o f s u c h s u b s eque n t a d que n t ad
mi s s i on of
mi ss i o n

3 0 A ny p ro t or o f the H i g h C ou rt o f A dmi ra lt m ay
s
a ct a s ag e n t o f a ny a tt orn e
or s oli c itor, a n d allo w hi m to P

a
i
t
i
a
i
n
r
t
e
i
n
t
h
ro
f
t
s
o
f
a
n
d
i
n
c
i
de
n
t
t
o
a
a
u
s
e
or
e p
p
p
y
g g g
a
ma tt er dep e n di ng i n or o n n ect ed w i th the s ai d co urt ; of s oli cito rs
a n d n o thi n
g o n ta i n ed i n the A ct o f the fty fth ea r o f
the reig n o f K i n g G eorg e t he T hi rd, cha pt er o ne h un dre d
a n d s i x t , s hall be co n s t rued to ext e n d to
p re e nt a n y
p ro tor f ro m s o d o in g , or t o re n der him li ab le t o a ny p e n al t
i n res pe t th ereo f
3 1 The A ct p as s e d i n the s e o n d e ar o f the reig n of 2 H en 4
Ki ng H en r th e F ourth , in tit ul ed A Rem ed for hi m
w ho i s w ro ng f ull p urs ued i n t he C ourt o f A d mi r alt , i s Peal ed
h ere b rep ea led
A n y pa rt ag g ri e ved b a n y order or de ree o f the Pow er 9 f
l m
judg e o f the s a i d C ourt o f A dmi ralt , w het her ma de ex ai nptpereal ocu
p a r se or otherm s e , m a y , W i t h the p er mi ss i o n o f the j udg e, tory mat
i n C ou n ci l , as f ull a nd tors
app ea l there fro m to her Ma je s t
e ffe tu all as fro m any fi n al decree or s en ten ce o f the s ai d
ourt
3 3 I n an y a u s e i n the H ig h C ourt o f A d mir a lt b ai l B ail g i ven
m ay b e tak e n to a n s w er t he judg m e n t as w ell o f the s ai d i n th e 90 1114;
ourt as o f t he C ourt o f A pp ea l , a n d the s a i d H ig h COu rt g ltl d g lgd
may w ithhold t he rele a s e o f a n y p rop ert i n t e C ou rt
of A dm i ra lt
u nd er i ts a rres t u nti l s uch ba il has been g i ven a nd i n a ny of A pp eal
fro m a ny de ree or order o f the H ig h C ourt of
app e a
A dmi ral t t he C o u rt o f A pp e a l m a y m a ke a n d en f or e i ts
ord er ag ai ns t the s uret or s ureti es w ho m a y ha ve s ig ned
an y s u h b ai l b o n d i n the s a m e m a n n er a s i f the bail h ad
b ee n g i ven i n the C our t o f A pp eal
34 The H ig h C ourt o f A dmi ra lt ma y , o n the appli a A 3 to the
ti o n o f t he d e f e n da n t i n a n y cau s e p f d a m ag e, a n d o n his h ea ri n g of
i ns tit uti n g a ross a u s e for the da m ag e s u s ta i n ed b y him u s e an d
cm caus es
i n res p e t of the s am e coll is i on, di rect t h at the p ri n ip a l
ros s a u s e he hea rd a t the s a m e ti me and
a us e a n d t he
a us e t he
u p on the s am e e i de n e ; an d if i n the p rin ipal
s hi p of the de f e n d a n t h as bee n a rre s te d or s ecuri t
g i en
b y hi m to a n s er j udg me n t, a n d i n t he ro s s ca us e the
a nn ot be a rres te d, an d s ecuri t
ha s
s hi p o f the p l ain ti ff
no t b ee n g i ve n to a n s w er j ud g m e nt t here i n , th e court
i t thin k fi t, s u s p en d t he p ro eedi n g s i n the p ri n
ha s bee n g i ve n t o a ns wer j udg
cip al a u s e , u n ti s e uri t
me nt i n the cros s cau s e
J uris diction
The j u ri s di ti on o n ferred b y thi s A ct on the Hi g h 0 , the Court
35
.

c
y

gi

i
33

'

g gi g

E
g gg f

g
i
y

c
c

l c

25 8

A PPE ND

Be e r s

1 3

IX

C o u rt o f A d m iral t y m a y b e e xer c i s e d e ither b y pr o cee d i n g


i n re m or b
y pr o ceedi ng s i n pers o nam

V I CT

31

CA P 7 1

A d mi ralty

con ferri n g
C ou n ty C ou rts

A N A ct for

Ju risdiction
[ 3 l s t J u ly

the

on
,

18 6 8

m o s t e x ce l le n t M a j es t y
cte d b y the Q
b y a d w ith the a d v i ce a d c o ns e n t o f the L ord s S p i ri t u al
l a d C o mm o s i n t hi s p res en t Parl i a m e t
a n d Te mp o
as s e m b l ed an d b y th e a t h o r it y o f the s m e a s fo ll o w s
The o u n t y C o u rts A d m i
S h o t ti tl
C
1 Thi s A ct m a y b e c it ed a s
ra l ty J u r i s d i ctio n A ct
2 I f a t a y tim e a fte the p as s in g of th is A ct it a pp ears
A p p oi t
m t f
t o her M aj es ty i C ou c il o n the re pres e n ta tio n of th e
Co
ty
o
e xp e d i en t th a t a y c o u n ty c o ur t s h o u l d
L
rd C ha n c el l o
(
t f
ha v e ad miral t y j u ri s d i ctio n it s hall b e l a w ful fo r her
A d m i l ty
M aj es t y b y o rd er in c o u n cil t o app o in t t ha t c ou rt t o
p po
ha v e ad mi ral t y j u ri s d i cti o n a cc o d i n g l y a n d t o as s ig n t o
tha t c o u rt a s its d is tri c t for a d m i alt y p u rp o s e s a ny part
or p ar ts of a n y on e o r m o re d i s t i c t or d i s tri c ts o f c o u n t y
c o rt s a n d the d is tri ct s o c o s ti t te d fo tha t c o u rt w ith
the p ar ts o f the s e a ( if a y ) a d j a c e n t t o th a t d is t ri c t t o a
d is ta c e o f thre e m il es f o m the s h o re t hereo f s hall b e
d a cc o rd
d ee m e d i ts d i s t ri ct fo r a d m i ral t y p p o s es ;
in g l y the j d g e a d a ll o f cers o f t he c o u r t s hall ha v e
j u ris d i cti o n a nd au tho rity for th ose p u rp o s es t hr ou g ho u t
tha t d is tri c t as if the a m e w as the d is tri c t o f the c o u rt
fo a ll pu rp o s e s ; a d fr o m a tim e t o b e s p e c i e d in e a ch
a n d t hr o u h o u t
s u ch o rd er t hi s A ct s ha ll h a v e e ffe c t i
g
the d i s t ri c t s o c o n s tit u te d ; a n d a y s u ch o rd e r m a y b e
fr o m tim e t o ti m e v a rie d a s s ee m s e xped ie t a d a c o u n t y
c o u rt s o app o i n ted t o ha v e a d m ira lt y j u is d i c ti o n a nd o
o ther c o u n t y c o rt s hall for the p rp o s es of this A ct b e
d ee me d a c o n t y c o u rt ha v in g a d mi ra l t y j u ris d i c ti o n
o j u d g e o f a c o u n t y c o u rt
e x c ep t th e
Pro v id e d tha t
j dg es o f the L o n d o n c o u rt s hall ha v e j uris di cti o n i n the
city of L o n d o
3 A n y c o u n t y c o u r t ha v i ng a d m i a l t y j u ri s d i c ti o n s hall
E t t f
A d mi
l ty
ha v e j u ri s d i ct i o n a n d a ll p o w ers a d a u t h o riti e s rel a ti n g
j i d i cti o there t o t o try a d d et e m i n e s u b j e c t a n d a cc o rd i
t
o
the
g
fC
y
t
p r o v i s i o s of t hi s A ct the fo ll o w in g c au s e s ( i n th is A ct
C
t
refer e d t o as a d m i a l t y c au s es )
A s t o a n y cl a im fo r s a l v a g e an y c a u s e i n w h i c h
the v al u e of the p r o p ert y s a v ed d o es n o t ex cee d

it

BE

u een s

ena

ra

en

un

ou r s

r,

or

ra

s es .

ur

an

ur

n.

x en

ra

ur s

o un

our s

31

32

VI CT

25 9

CA P

th o u s a nd p o un d s or i w hi ch the a m ou n t S
cl a i me d d o es n o t e x cee d th ree h u n dr ed p o u n ds
A s t o a y cl a i m fo r t o w ag e n e c e s s ari es o r w ag es
a ny ca u s e i
w hi ch the a m o u n t cl a i me d d o es n o t
e x c e e d o ne h u n d re d an d fi fty p o u n d s
A s t o a ny cl a i m fo r d ma g e to c a rg o o r d a ma g e b y
c o ll is i o n a ny ca us e i n w hi ch the a mo u n t cl a im e d
d o e s n o t e x c ee d t hree hu d re d p o u d s
(a )
A n y c a u s e i re s p e c t o f an y s u c h c la i m o r cl ai m s as
w hi c h t h e v a l u e o f the p r o p er t y
a fo e s i d b u t
s a v ed o t he a m o u n t c l a i m e d i s b e y o n d the a m o u n t
li mi te d a s a b o v e m e n ti o n e d w he n t he p arti e s a g ree
b y a m e m o ra n d u m s ig n e d b y t he m o r b y th eir
a tto rne y s o r a g e ts t ha t a n y c o u n t y c o ur t h a v in g
a d m i ra l t y j u ri s di c ti o n a n d s p e c i e d i n th e m e m o
ra nd u m
s ha ll h a v e j u ri s d i c ti o n
4 No t hi ng i t his A ct o r i n
y o rd er i c o n c il u n d er R t i c ti o
Co
ty
i t s hall c o n fe r o n a c o un t y c o u rt j u ris d i c ti o n i n a n y priz e
cau se o r i n a ny ot he r m a t te r w i thi n the Na v al Priz e A ct
18 64 o r i n a n y m a tte aris i n g u n d e r a n y of a cts for t he c t i
s u pp res s i o
of t he s la v e tra d e
or a n y a d m ir a l ty j u ris
c
di c ti o by w a y o f a pp e al
5
F o m a n d a fte th e t im e s p e c i e d i n e a c h o rd er i n N C o ty
c o u n ci l u n d e t his A ct app oi n ting a c o u n t y c o u t t o ha v e Co t oth
l
h
a dm ira l t y j ur i s d i c ti o n W th i
a n y d is t ri c t as t he ti me fr o m
g
g
a
w hi ch thi s A ct s ha ll h a v e e ffe c t i n a n d t hr o u g h o u t t ha t t
d i s tri c t no c o u n ty c o u rt o t he r t ha n th e c o u t y c o u rt s o j i d i cti o
a pp o i te d
s hall ha v e j u is d i c ti o n w ithi n th a t d is t i c t i n
a n y a d mi ra l ty c a u s e ; p ro v i d e d t ha t a ll a d mi ral ty c a u s es
a t t ha t t i me p e n di n
g i n a y c o u t y c o u t w i t hi n t h a t d is
t ri et m a y b e c o n ti nu ed as if n o s u ch o rd er i n co u n c il h ad
o ne

EC

i n

an

es r

0 11

ns

un

er a n

as e s

ur

un

er

ur s

b ee n m ade
6 T h e H ig h C u rt of A d mi r al t y o f E ng l a n d , o n m o ti n A s t o tran s
b y a n y p ar ty t a n a d mir a l t y a us e p en d i ng i n a
u n t y fer fr m
u rt , m a y , if i t s ha ll t hi n k t, w ith p re vm u s n t i e t
t he
t her par ty, tra n s fer the au s e t t he H ig h C u rt o f rd er or
A d m i ra l ty , an d ma y rd er s e u rit y fo r
s t s , or i m p s e H i g h C m
a

dm
su h
t he r terms as t the ur t m ay s e em tit
l ty
7 I f d u ri ng the pr g res s o f a n a d m i ra l ty au s e i n a
u r t it a pp ea rs
u nt y
t the u rt tha t the s u b e t
m a t ter e x ee d s the l imi t i n res p e t o f a m u n t o f t h e b y rd e r 5 f
u r i s d i ti n o f the
a d m i ra l t y
ur t, the
ali d it y o f a n y C un ty
rd e r or d e re e t he re t f re m a d e b y the
u rt s h a ll n o t b e
" t
t h e re b y a ffe t e d , b u t ( u n l e s s th e p a rtie s ag ree , b y a m e m
O f ci a l
r a n d u m s i n e d b y t he m o r b y th e ir a tt rn e y s o r a e n ts , ra i ty
g
g
u r t s ha ll re ta i n
u ri s d i ti n , ) th e
u rt s h a ll b y
t ha t t h e
rd e r tra n s fer th e ca u s e t
the H ig h C o ur t of A d m i ral t y
.

co

c o

co

co

c
j
c
c

c o

(a)

Vi c t c
.

a s es o f

5 1,

e,

co

co
c

co

c o

d a m ag

w h e th er b y

'

j c a; g?
o
o

gi

co

E x te n d ed to

b y 32 a 3 3

co

oo

co

c
c

co
o c
o

?
.

co

colli i o
s

n or

oth

erw is e ,

260

A PPE ND

IX

tha t cou rt may n everthel ess if the j u dg e o f tha t


c ou rt i n a ny cas e think s t ord er tha t the cau s e s ha ll b e
p r o s e cu ted i n the co un t y co u rt i n w hi ch it w a s c o mme n ced
an d it s ha ll b e pr o se cu t e d a cc o rd i ng l y
8 I f d uring the p o g res s of an a d mira l t y cau se i n
A t t
f
i c
c ou t y c o urt it s hall ap pe ar t o the c o u rt tha t the cau s e
t oth
c
o
u l d b e m o re c o n v e n i e n tl y p ro se c u te d i n s o m e o th er c o u n t y
Co ty
c o rt or i n the H ig h C o u rt o f A d miral t y o f E n g la n d the
Co t
c o u rt m ay b y o rd e r tran sfer it t o su ch o ther c o u n t y co urt
Co t f
A dmi al ty
o r t o the H ig h C o u r t of A d mi ral t y o f E ng l a n d as the cas e
m ay b e a n d the cau s e s hall then ceforw ard b e s o pro
s ecu te d a cco r d ing l y
9 I f a n y p ers o n s ha ll tak e i n th e H ig h C o u rt o f A d
R t i cti o
m iral ty o f E n l a n d o r i n an y s u peri o r c o u rt p ro c ee d i ng s
p oc d
i g i th
w it h o u t ag r eem e nt
ha v e ta k en i n a
w h i ch he mig
Co t f
c o n t y c ou rt excep t b y o rder of the j u dg e o f the H ig h
A d mi alty
C o u t of A d m iral t y o r o f su ch s u p e ri o r c o u rt or o f a
S p io
C o rt
c ou t y cou rt hav i ng a d m iral t y j u ris d i c ti o n an d s hall no t
re c o v er
s u m exce e d i n g
the am o u n t t o w hi ch the j u ris
d i c ti o n of the c o u nt y co u rt i n that a d mi ra l t y ca u se i s
l im it ed b y this A ct a n d al s o if any p e s o n w itho u t ag ree
m e n t s h all excep t b y o rd er as afo res a i d t a k e pro ceed ing s
a s t o s al v ag e i n the H i g h C ou rt of A d m i ra l ty o r i n a ny
s u p er i o r c o u rt i n res p e c t of p ro p ert y s v d
the v al u e o f
w h i c h w hen s a v ed d o es n o t e xc eed o n e th o u s an d p o u n d s
he s h al l not b e e n titl e d t o cos t s an d s hal l b e l i a b l e t o b e
c o n d emn ed i n c o s t s u nl es s the j u dg e of the H ig h C o u rt of
A d m i ral t y or of a s u p eri o r c ou rt b ef o re w h om the ca u s e i s
tried or hea rd shall certify tha t it w as a p op e r ad m iral t y
cau s e t o b e tried in the H ig h Court of A d m iral t y of
E g l an d or i n a s u p eri o r c o u rt
10 I n an ad mi a l t y c au s e i n a c o u n ty c o u rt th e cau s e
&
Pow
f
dg
s h a ll b e hear d an d d e t erm in ed i n l ike ma n n er as o rd i n ar y
d
g is
c
i
v
i
l c a u s es are n ow he a rd and d e t erm i n e d i n c o u n t y
t
c o u rts ; sav e and ex cep t that i n any ad mi ral t y cau s e of
s al v a g e t o w ag e or c o ll is i o n the c o u n t y c o ur t j u d g e s hal l
i f he th i nk t or o n the requ es t o f e i ther p art y t o s u ch
cau se he as s is t ed b y tw o n au ti cal asses s o s i n the s ame
w ay as the j u dg e o f the H i g h C o ur t of A d mi ral t y is n o w
a s s is t e d b y n au ti c al as s es s o rs
to
Pow
11 I n an y s u ch ad m iral t y cau se as l as t a fore s ai d it s hall
f
dg
b e l aw fu l for the j u dg e o f the c o u n t y cou rt i f he thin k t
ty
C
u es t o f e ither
n d he s hall u p o n req
a
p ar ty s u m m o n t o hi s
t t
C
as s is ta n c e i n s u ch m an n er as g ener al o rd e rs s hall d ire c t
m m on
ti cal
tw o n a u ti cal as es so rs an d s u ch n au ti cal as s es s ors s hall
so s
a tten d an d as s is t a cc ord in g l y
to his
12 The d ecree o f t he co u n ty c our t i n an a dmiral ty
as s i s ta c
D c es i n
cau s e s hall b e en fo r ce d a g a in s t the p ers o n o r p ers o ns s u m
ty
Co
m o u ed as the defe nda n t or d efen d an ts i n the same ma n n er
C o t in
as the d ecrees of the sa id c ourt are en fo r c ed i n o rd in ar
y
A dm iral ty

30m

b ut

rans

er o

aus e s

er

un

u r s or

ur

es r

on

ns

ee

ur

or

er

an

ers ,

c. ,

es

re

rars .

er

e o

oun

ou r

su

na u

as s e s

n e

e re
un

ur s

3]
ci v il

p ro

ca u s e s ,

v i d ed

sa

32

ve

and

VI CT

c t

e x ep

this

in

as

A ct

th erwi se

fm

c f il:ii
th
i
c ss
c
c
A d m i l ty
c s st b

c c

c
v

ov

j
v

S E CPS 13_

The u d g e o f e er y o u n ty ou rt havi n g a d m i ra l ty
j u ri s d i ti o n s ha ll hea r a n d d e termi n e a d m i ral ty a u s es a t
th e u s u al o u rts hel d w i t hin hi s u ris d i ti o n , o r a t S e i a l
p
o u r ts to b e held b
y him , an d w hi h he i s he re b y requ i re d
t o ho ld a s s o o n a s m a y b e a fte r he s h a ll ha e h a d n o ti e
o f an a d m i ra l t y
a u s e ha in
g a ri sen w i thi n t he u ri s d i t i o n
o f his co u rt
14 The reg is trar o f e a h o u n ty o u rt h a in g a d m i ral t y
u ri s d i ti o n s ha ll fro m ti m e to tim e fra m e a l i s t
to b e
,
a p ro e d b
y t he u d g e o f the H ig h C o u rt o f A d mira l t y
p
b e to re w ho m t he s a m e s hall b e l a i d b y t he o u n ty co u r t
u d e,
a n d w i t ho u t w ho s e a p r
al
i t s ha ll ha e n o
g
p
al i d i t y , o f as s e s s o rs , o f
p e rs o n s o f n au ti al s kil l a nd e x
p e r ie n ce re s i di ng o r ha i n g pl a es o f b u s i n ess w i thi n the
d is tr i t o f t he o u n ty o u rt, to a ct a s a ss e s s o r s i n t ha t
o u rt , a n d s ha ll
a u s e t he l is t to b e p u b li s h e d i n th e
L o n d o n G az ett e
15
E ve ry p e rs o n n a m e d i n the li s t o f a s s e s s o rs s o fra m e d
and a
o u rt u n d er s u h
pp ro ed s hal l a tte n d the ou n ty
i r u m s t a n es , a nd i n s u h r ot a ti o n , a n d s u b e t to su h
re g u l at io n s , a n d s ha ll re e i ve s u h fe es fo r hi s a tt en d a n e,
as
g e ne ral o r d ers s ha ll d i re t , a n d fo r e er y w il ful n o n
a tt en d a n e s ha ll b e l i a b le , at t he d i s re ti o n o f the
ou rt, to
a p e n al ty n o t e x ee d i n g v e p o u n d s
16 E e ry ass e ss or n a m e d i n s u h lis t s h all h ol d hi s
o i c e u n ti l a n e w l is t o f a s s e s s o rs s ha ll ha e b e en fra m e d
a n d a p p ro e d as a fores a id , or un t il
he s hal l res ig n h is
a pp o i n t m e n t
T he r eg i s tra rs o f the o u n t y o u rts s ha ll b e re m u
n er ate d fo r t he i r d u ties in a d m ir a l ty
a u s e s b y r e e i i ng
fo r the ir o wn u s e s u h fee s a s G en era l O rd ers s hal l d ire t
18
h a rg es i n a d m i ra l ty a u s e s i n
s al e o f o s t s an d
the co u n ty o u rts s ha ll b e pre s rib e d b y G e n era l O rd e rs
19 The reg is tra r o f a o u n ty o u rt s ha l l ha e p o w e r
to a d m i n i s t er o a ths i n re l a tio n t o a n y a d m i ral t y a u s e i n
a nd a n y p e r s o n w ho s hall w ilf u l ly d e p ose
a
o u n ty
o u rt
o r a f r m fa ls e l y b e fo re t he reg i s tra r i n a n y a d m ira lt y
a u s e s hall b e d ee m e d to b e g u i l ty o f p e r u ry , a n d s h al l
b e l i a b l e to a l l the p a i n s a nd pe n a l t ies a tta hin g to w i l fu l
and
o rru p t p e r u ry
2 0 E i d en ce ta k en i n a n y a d m iral ty au se b e fo re the
ou rt
o u r t, a s the u d e o f a
o u n ty
o u n ty
reg is tra r o f a
g
o r G e n e ral O rd ers s hall d ire t , s ha ll b e re e i e d a s e v i
d en e i n a n y o the r o u n ty o u rt, s a i n g a ll u s t excep
o u r t s h al l , fo r t h e
a n d t he r e g i s t rar o f a n y
o u n ty
t io n s
hi n th e
p u rpos e o f the e xa mi n ati o n o f a n y wi tn es s e s wi t
dis tri t o f t ha t o u rt, ha e a ll a n d th e l ik e po w ers a n d
a u thori ti es of an e xami ner o f the Hi g h C o urt o f A d miralty

61

"

CA P

v
c

au s e s

os c

au

ra

au

at

ou r t

A p p oi n t
m en t o f
a

ss ss s i
e

or

v
c

c c

c
c

c
c
c

j c

A tte n d an c e
o f as

ss s
e s or

Rem oval

of

mtm rs

'

al e o f

005

Po w e r ?
ue
le

{ ag

g i gg
d t k
vi d c
a

en

an

th s

n s e

'

c
c

Rem u n era
t o n o f R0
i

c v
c

c v
j

c
1
1
1315 :
5 3m m;
E i d en

35 3 0

8 1

A d m i ra l ty

C o u rt

EN DI X

A PP

21

p ro

to

583

c
c

c
c

cc

c
j

c
c

s c

c
c

c
j

c c
c c

c
c
j

c
c

c
j

ta ti on
est

>

c v

for
on

c
v

E n g l an d , an d e id en e ta k en b y hi m i n tha t a p a i ty
s h all b e re e i e d a s e id en e i n the H i g h C ou r t o f A d m i
ral ty o f E n l an d , s a i n g a ll u s t e x e p ti o n s
g
2 1 Pro e e di n g s i n a n a dmi ral ty au s e s h all b e co m
m enc e d
I n the oun ty o u rt ha i ng a dm ir a l t y u ris di ti o n
es s el o r p ro
w ithi n the d i s t ri t o f w hi h the
p erty to w hi h the a u s e re l a te s i s a t the co m
m e n ce m e n t o f the p ro e edi ng s
If the fore g o in g ru l e b e n ot a pp li ab l e , then i n the
o u n ty
o u rt h a i n g a d m i ra l ty u ri di t i o n i n th e
d i s tri t o f w h i h the o w n er o f the v es s e l o r p ro
p e rt y to w hi h the a u s e re l at es , o r hi s ag en t i n
E ng l an d , res i d e s , o r if s u h o w n e r o r ag e n t d o es
n ot res i d e w i thi n a ny s u h d i s t ri t , t he n i n th e
u ri s d i ti o n the
a d m iral t y
o un ty
o u r t h a i ng
d i st ri t w he reo f i s n ea res t to the p l a e w here
u ch o w n er o r a e n t r es id es
g
If for an y re a s o n t he l as t fo r eg o i n g ru l e is n o t a p
pli a b l e o r a n n o t b e a t e d o n , t he n i n s u h
u ri s di ti on a s
o u n ty
adm i r al ty
o ur t ha i n g
G eneral O rd ers d i re t
o u r t or o ne o f th e
I n a ny
a s e i n th e
o u n ty
u r i s di ti o n i n
o u n ty
adm i ra l ty
o u rt s h a i n g
w hi h the p ar ti e s b y a m e m o ra n d u m , s ig n e d b y
the m or b y the i r a tt orn ey s o r a g e n ts , ag re e s h all
ha e j u ri s di ti on i n t he au s e
2 2 I n an a d m i ral ty au s e i n a o u n ty o u rt if e id e n e
b e g i ven to the s a tis fa tio n o f the u dg e , o r in h is a b s e n e
the reg i s t ra r o f th e
o u r t , tha t i t i s p ro b ab l e th a t the
a u s e re l a te s w i ll b e r e
es s el o r p ro p e rty t o w hi h th e
m o e d ou t o f the j uri s di ti o n o f the o u rt b efore th e pl a i n

tiff s l ai m is s a tis e d , it h all b e l a wfu l fo r the s aid u dg e ,


o r i n hi s ab s e n e for the re g i s t rar , to i s s u e a w arra n t fo r
es s e l o r p ro p e rt y ,
t he arre s t an d d e t en ti o n o f t h e s a i d
l a im m a d e i n
u nl es s o r u n t il b a i l to th e a m ou n t o f th e
o s t s o f the p l a i n tiff in
au se , a n d to the r e as o n a b l e
su h
au s e, b e e n te re d i n to a n d p e rfe te d , a
o rdi n g t o
su h
G e n eral O rd ers , b y o r on b eh alf of the o w n er o f t he e s s e l
o r p ro p erty o r h i s a g en t , o r o th e r t h e d e fen d a n t i n s u h
au se ; a n d , e x e p t a s i n t hi s s e ti o n e xp res s l y p ro id e d ,
there s hal l b e n o arres t or d et en ti o n o f a e s s e l o r p ro p erty
i n a n ad mi ral ty au s e i n a o u n ty o u r t o therw i s e tha n i n
e xe u ti on
2 3 F or the e xe u ti o n o f a n y d e ree or o rd er o f a o u nty
a u s e th e
ou rt m a y o r d e r , a n d th e
o u rt i n an a d m iral ty
r eg i s trar on s u h ord e r ma y s e a l a n d i ss u e, an d a n y o f er
ou rt m a y e xe u te , p ro e s s a
ou nt y
o rd i ng to
of a n y
G ene ral O rd ers
p ro id e d tha t w here u n d er s u h pro es s
e s sel or pro perty w o ul d or mi g ht b e s ol d , then , if the
a

of

in

cc
c

31
o w ner o f

the

32

VI CT

263

71

CA P

v es sel o r pro perty d e s ir s tha t the


e

sal e s hou l d

S ECTS 24

co n d ct e d i n the Hig h Co rt o f A d m i al ty i ns te ad of
28
i n the c o u t
s e c ur i ty for
y co u r t h e s ha ll b e e t itl e d o
c os ts b e i ng rs t g i v e a d s u b j e ct a n d a ccord i ng to s u ch
o the
p ro v is i o n s a s G en e ra l O rd e rs d ire ct to o b t a i n a n
o rd e r o f t h e c o u n t
y co u rt for t ra ns fer o f t he p o c e di g s
fo r s a l e w i t h or w i tho u t ( a s the j u d g e o f th c o u n ty c o t
t hi nks t the tra ns fe o f the s b s e q e t pro c ee di g s i n
th e c a u s e to the H ig h C o
t o f A d mi a l ty w hi ch co u rt
s h all h a v e j u r is d i c ti
a d a ll p o w e s a n d a u t ho ri t ies re
l a ti ng the re t o a cc o d i g ly
t ti
2 4 S u ch d e c ree a d o d rs o f c o u n ty co rts i n ad m i R
ra l ty
c au s es as G e e l O rd e rs s h al l d i re c t s hall b e gid g ggi
re i s te re d w i t h t he re is t rar o f c o u n t
g
y c o u rt j u d g m en ts
g
i n L o n d o n i n s u ch m a nn e r a s G e nera l O rd ers s hall
di e c t
25
The C o u rt o f Pass a g e o f th e B oro u g h o f L i verp o o l C c r t
s h a ll
u p o n a n o rd e
i
co cil b ei ng m a d e w hi c h s hal l Jftt d tw t
a pp o i n t t he C o
ty C o u r t o f L an ca s hi re h o ld en at Li v er 3
f
p oo l to h a v e ad mi ra l ty j ur i s di ctio n h a v e the l i ke j u is
d i c ti o n p o w ers a n d a u th o rit ie s a s b y tha t o rd er are co n
ferre d o n the s a id c o u n ty co u t ; b t n o thi n g he i sh a ll
b e d ee m e d to e l a g e t he a re a o v e w hi c h t he j ri s di c t io n
o f t h e C o r t o f Pa ss g e e x te d s o r to a l ter the ru l es a d
re g
l ati o ns for ho ld i n g t he s a i d c o u rt or t o t a k e a w a y
o r res t ri ct a n y j uri s d i c ti o n
p o w e r o r a u t ho rity a l re d y
v es ted i t ha t co rt ; a nd fees re ce iv ed i that co u rt u nd er
th is A ct s ha ll b e d e l t w it h s fe es re c ei ved i n that c o u rt
u n de r i ts o rd i n ary j ris di ct io n
A pp l t
a pp ea l m a y b e m a d e t o the H ig h C o u rt o f A d
26 A
mi ra l ty o f E n g l a d f o m a al d e c re e o o rd e o f a
c o u n ty co u rt i n a n a d m iral ty caus e a n d b y permi ss io n
of th e j u dg e o i t he c o u t y c ou t fro m a n y i t e l o c u tory
co s ts b ei g s t
o n s e c rity fo
d e c ee o r o rd e r t he e i
g i v e n a d s u b j e c t to s u ch o ther pro v is i o ns as G e ne ral
O rd ers s ha ll di re ct
2 7 No a p p eal s ha ll b e all o w e d u l es s the i ns t u m e n t o f Ti m f

be

n,

ur

ur

on

'

'

B l a

ou

ra

on u r en

r s

un

un

re n

ea

n,

or

is l o d g e d i n t he reg i s try o f the H ig h C o u rt o f A d ap p eal


m i ra l ty w i thi n ten d ay s fro m t he d at e o f th e d e re e o r
u d g e of the H i g h C o u rt o f
o r d e r a pp ea l e d fro m , b u t the
a us e b e i n g
A d m iral ty o f E n g l an d may , o n s u f ie n t
s h o w n t o hi s s a t i s fa t i o n fo r s u h o m i s s i o n , al l o w a n a p
p e a l to b e p ros e u te d , n o t w iths ta n di ng t ha t t he i ns tru
m e n t of a p pe a l ha s n o t b ee n l o d g e d w it hi n t ha t ti me
28 No a p p eal s ha l l b e a ll o w e d if, b e f re the d e ree o r A g re e me n t
ot
a
m
e
m
o
b
r
ll
v
a
ee
d
t
i
r
a
d
e
t
h
e
a
es
s
h
a
h
a
e
r
i
s
m
o rd e
y
,
p
g
pp 1
n
s
ra n d u m s i g n e d b y t he m , or b y th ei r a t to rne y s o r a g e t ,
tha t the d e ree or rd e r s hall b e n al a n d an y s u h ag ree
m e n t ne e d n o t b e s tam pe d , e x ep t i n re s pe t o f a n y fee
imp os ed b y G e neral O rd ers
ap p ea l

g :2

2 64

A PPE ND

IX

2 9 Th ere s hal l b e n o a pp e al fr m a d e ree o r ord e r o f


36
the H ig h C u rt o f A d m i ra l t y of E ng l a n d m a d e o n a pp eal
fr m a
un t y
u r t, e x e p t b y e xp res s p erm i s s io n of the
As to
u d g e o f th e H i h C u r t o f A d m i r a l t y
g
ap pe al s to
30 O n a n a pp e al u n d er this A ct, w he n the a p p el l a n t i s
t h e Q u een
i n C un i l
u ns u
s t s o f t h e a pp e a l , u n l e s s
es s fu l , h e s hall p a y t he
the A ppell a t e C u rt s ha l l ther w i s e d i re t
C s ts o f
a p p eal
No app eal s hall b e all w e d u n l es s t h e a m u n t d e
re e d o r
No ap p eal
rd e r e d to b e d u e e x ee d s t he s u m of ft y p u n d s
u n l es s
32 O n a n a pp e a l u n d er thi s A c t, the J u d g e o f t he
am u n t
H ig h C u rt o f A d m ir al ty , if it a p pe ars t o hi m e xp e d ie n t
e x ee d s 5 0 l
t
ha t a n y s a l e d e re e d or rd e r e d t b e m a d e o f th e es s e l
C n d u t of
n d u t ed
o r p r p er t y to w hi h th e
a us e r ela te s s h u l d b e
s al e , & c , i n
i n t he H ig h C u r t o f A d m i ra l ty i n s t ea d o f i n the
u n ty
C u rt o f
A d m i ralty
u rt fr m w h i h t he a
pp e al is b r u g ht, m a y di re t the
t ra n s fe r o f the pr ee d i n g s for s al e, w ith o r w ith u t the
tran s fer of the s u b se qu e nt pr ee d ing s i n the a u s e, to
the H ig h C u rt o f A d m iral t y, w h i h
ur t s h a ll ha e
ur i s
d i ti n an d a ll p w ers a n d au th riti es r el a ti ng t here t o
a
rd i n l y
g
I n ertain
33 I n al l a s es w hi h s h all aris e w ithin the u ri s d i ti n
as es
a u s es
o f the Ci n q
u e P rt s a s d e n e d b y t he A ct F i rs t a n d S e
nd
m ay b e
ha pter s e e n t y s i x, s e ti n e ig h teen ,
t ran s ferre d G e rg e th e F u r th,
b y C unty
ca u s es m a y b e tra n s ferr e d b y the
u n ty
u rt a n d a pp ea l s
C u rt an d
m a d e t th e C u r t o f A d m i ra l ty o f the C in qu e P rts i n l ie u
a p p e al s
o f th e H ig h C urt o f A d mi ra l t y
an d i n t he as e o f a
pp ea ls
m a d e to
the i ns tru m e n t o f a pp ea l s ha l l b e l d g e d i n the reg is t ry o f
C u rt o f
A d mi ral ty
the C in qu e P r ts , an d the s a m e d is re t i n
e s t e d i n th e
o f th e
u d e o l ci al a n d
m m i s s a r y o f the s ai d C i n qu e P rts
g
C in qu e
C u rt a s i s b y t h is A ct es t e d i n the u d g e o f the H ig h
P rts
C u r t o f A d m i ra l t y
C u n ty
34 Thi s A ct s hall b e rea d a s o ne A ct w ith so m u h o f the
C ur t A ts
C u n ty C u rt s A ct, 18 4 6 , an d t he A ts amen di ng o r ex ten d
a p p l i e d to
i n g the s a m e , as i s n o w i n f r e
thi s
35
G e n e ra l rd er s s ha ll b e fr m ti m e t ti m e m a d e u n d e r
Prac ti e &0
t his A ct for the pu rp s es i n this A ct d i re t ed , a nd for reg u
to b e r eg u
l a te d b y
l a tin g t he p ra ti e a n d p r e d u re o f t he a d m ira l t y u ri s
G e n eral
d i t i n o i t he
u n ty
u rts , th e f rm s o f
p r e s s es a n d
O rd ers
p r e e d in g s the re i n o r iss u i n g therefr m , a n d t he d a y s
a n d p l a e s o f s itt in g s fo r a d m ir a l t y
au s es , th e d u ti e s o f
the u d g es a n d f ers t here f, a n d the fe es t b e t a ke n
there in
A u th ri ty
36 G e neral rd ers u n der thi s A ct s hall b e m a d e b y the
for m aki n g
L rd C han ell r, w ith the a d i e a n d a s s is ta n e o f t he
G en eral
u d g e o f t he H i g h C u rt o f A d m i ra l t y o f E n l a n d a nd a s
O rd ers
,
,
g
far as the y rel a te to fe e s , or t the re eip t a n d e xp e n d it u re
u n ti n g for m n e y, w it h t he a
o f and a
r
a l of the com
p
p

e
n
r
f
h
e
r
M
a
s
ty s Trea s ur y
m iss i e s o
Sa

29

ra

co

co

o c

cc

co

o
c

o
c
o c
o

co

oc

oc

co

c co
o

co

co

co

o
o

o v

oc

c c
co

c o
oc

co

oc

o
c

o c

oc

o
c o

'

v j

co
c
o

c o
c

c o
co

o
o
o

o
c

c o
cc o

cc o

vc

ov

26 5

5 1

32

33

32

3 3 V I CT C A P 5 1

VI CT

CA P

to am en d the C o u n ty C ou rts ( A d mi ralty


Jurisdiction ) A ct 18 6 8 an d to g ive Ju ri s diction
i n ce r t a in M ariti m e C au s e s
[ 2 n d A u g u st 18 6 9
B e it e n a c t e d b y t he Q u een s m o s t e x c e ll en t M a j e s t y b y S c s 1 5
a n d w it h t h e a d v i c e a d c o n s e t of the L o rd s S p ir it u a l
A D 1369
a d Te m p o al a n d C o mm o n s i n t h is p res e n t Pa rl i a m e t
as s e m b l e d a d b y the a u t h o r it y o f th e s a m e a s fo ll o w s
The
i
m
a
b
e
c
i
t
d
a
s
e
Th
s
A
c
t
C o u ty C o u ts A d Sh ort titl
1
y
a n d s ha ll b e
mi ral ty J u ris d i c t i o n A m e d m e t A ct
t e d as o n e A ct w ith the C o u n ty C o u rts
rea d a n d in t erp
A d m ir a l t y J u ri s d i c ti o n A ct 18 6 8
i
2 A n y c o u n t y c o u rt a pp o i n te d o r t o b e app o in t e d t o E xt
q f
d t
h a v e a d mi ral t y j u ri s d i c ti o n s hall h a ve j u ris d i c ti o n a n d a ll J

p o w ers an d a u t h o ri ti e s r e l a ti g t heret o t o try an d d e t e


mi n e t he foll o w i ng ca u s e s
A s t o a y cl a im aris i n g o u t o f a n y ag eemen t m a d e
i n rel a t i o n t o the u s e o r h ire o f a ny s hip o i n re
l a ti o n t o the c a ri ag e o f g oo d s i a n y s hi p a n d a l s o
as to a n y cl a i m i n t o r t i n e s p e c t o f g oo d s c ar i d
i n a y s h i p p r o v i d e d th e a m o u n t c l a i m e d d o e s
n o t e x c e e d th e e h u n d re d p ou n d s
A s t o a n y ca us e i n r sp e c t o f a n y s u ch cl a im or I f p ti
cl ai m s a s a fo re s id b u t i w hi ch t he a m o u n t i g
cl a im ed is b e y o n d the a m o t l i m ited as ab o v e
m e n ti o e d w h e t he p a rti es a g ree b y a m e m o h ig h
t
ra n d a m s ig ne d b y t he m o r b y t he ir a tt or e y s o r m o
th t a ny c o un ty c o t h a v i ng a d mi ral ty $ 3231;
a g en ts
j u r is d i cti o n a d sp e ci e d i n the m em ora n d u m co ty
Co t
s h a ll h a v e j u ris d i c t i o n
3 T he j u ri s d i c t i o n c o n ferre d b y this A ct a n d by the P oc di n g
m
m
C o u n t y C o u rt s A d m i ral t y J u is d i c ti on A ct 18 6 8 m ay b e i
o m
r o c e e di n s i n rem o r b y p r o c e e d in g s i n P
e x er c i s e d e ithe r b
A N A ct

n r

e.

re

en fl

no

un

l n

r e

ar

re e vcau s es

es

un

er

un

ur

un

ur

y p

er s

pe rs o na m
4 Th e th i rd se c ti o n o f the C o u n t y C o u r ts A d m iral ty
Ju ris d i c ti o n A ct, 18 6 8 , s hall e xt en d an d appl y t o a ll cl a im s
fo r d a m ag e t o s hip s , w he t her b y c o ll i s i o n o r o t he rw i s e ,
w he n the a mo u n t cl a ime d d o es n o t ex c e e d thre e hu n d re d
p ou n ds
I n a n y a d m i ra l t y o r m a ritim e c a u s e the j u d g e m a y ,
5
ii he t hi n k t , or on th e re qu es t o f e ither pa rt y , b e a s s i s te d
a n d a ll th e p r o v is i o n s of t he
b y t w o m e r c a n til e a s s es s o rs
C o un t y C o u rts A d m i ra l t y J u r i s d i c ti o n A ct, 18 6 8 , w ith
re fere n c e t o n a u t i c a l a s s e s s o rs , s hall a pp l y t o the app o i n t
m en t , a pp ro val , s u mm o n ing , a n d rem u n era ti o n of s u ch
er ca n t i l e as s ess o rs

ee

n re

'

01

na

'

A m e n d m en t
0f
3
32 V 10 t
1
71

A s to ap
P i n tm en t

re,

2 66

A PPE ND

o u rt o f Pa ss ag e of the b orou g h
o f L i v e rp oo l s hall ha v e p o w er fr o m tim e to time to mak e
Pow
f
g en eral ru l es a nd o rd ers fo r reg u l atin g t e pra cti ce a n d
o f p ro ce du re of the a d miral t y an d mariti me j uris d icti o n i n
Co t f
t he s a id co u r t a nd fo r o the r p u rposes m en ti o n ed i n s e c ti o n
P
g to
m k g
t hir t y ve of the C o u n t y C o u rts A d m iral ty Ju ris d i c ti o n
l
l
d A ct 18 68
an d an y g en e ral r ul es an d o r d ers a l rea d y ma d e
od
o r h e ea fter to b e m ad e b y the s ai d a s s es s o r fo r an y o f the
pu rp o s es afores aid s h al l b e of ful l fo rc e a n d e ffect as if the
s a me h a d b een mad e u n d er this o r the afo res a id A ct
C omm ce
7 This A ct s hall c ome i to opera ti o n o n the rs t day of
m t o f A t S e t emb er one th o u sand e i h t hu n dre d a n d s ixt y n ine
p
g
S s crs 6 , 7
.

The

IX

a s s es s r o f

the C

er o

a s s es s r o
ur

as sa e

ene

ra r u es an
r

e rs .

en

en

C O UNTY CO URT S A D MI RA LTY

o o

JU RI S DI CTI O N
i s s u e d b y the Pri v y

rd er h as
T H E f ll w in g
been
C u n il
D e c 9, 18 68 W he reas b y th e Co u n t y C u rts A d miral ty
J u ris d i ct i n A ct, 18 68 , it i s , am ng ther th ing s , e n acted,
that if a t an y time a fter the p as s ing o f tha t A ct it a ppears
t her M a es t y i n C u n il , on the rep re s en tati n of the
L rd C han ell r, e xpe d ie n t tha t a ny
u n t y c u rt s ho u ld
ha e a d m i ral t y uri s d ic ti n, it s hall b e l a w fu l for her
Ma e s t y, b y rd er in u n il , to app i n t tha t ur t to ha e
r d i ng l y , a n d t
a d m iral t y uri s di ct i n a
as s ig n to t hat
ce n t as i ts d is tri t for a d mi ra l t y pu rp s es any p art o r
p arts of a ny o ne or m re d is tri t or d is tri ts of co u n t y

o c

o
o
v
j

c ou rts

j
c o

o c

o
co c
o cco
c
o

co

o
o

co

A n d w hereas a rep re s en t a ti o n h as b e e n m ade b y th e


L o rd C ha n c ell o r, s t at i n g t ha t the c o u n t y c o u r ts , menti o n e d
i n the rs t c o l u mn of the s che du le here t o an n e xed , mark e d
an d t ha t s u ch
A , s h o u l d h a v e a d m i ra l t y j u ri s d i c ti o n
c o u rts s ho u l d ha v e a s s ig n e d to t hem as th e ir res pec ti v e
d is tri cts fo r a d m iral t y p u rp os es the d is t ri cts o f the c o u n t y
co u rts , th e names of w h i ch are pri n ted i n the s e c o nd c ol u m n
o f t he s ai d s ched ul e, o pp o s it e t o the n am es o f the sa i d
c o u r ts res pe c ti vel y
No w , therefo re , her M a j es ty ha vi n g t ak e n the s aid re
p re se nt a ti o n int o c o n s id era ti o n , b y an d w ith the ad v i ce o f
her Pri v y C o u n c il , is pl e as e d t o ord er a n d a pp ci nt, and it
is h ere b y o rd ere d a nd a pp o i nted , t ha t fr o m a n d after th e
3 1st d a y o f J anua ry, 18 69, t he co un t y c o u rts men ti o ned in
the rs t col u mn o f the s ched ul e here to an n e xed , m a rke d
A n d he r Ma j es t y is
A , s hall h ave a d mira l t y j u r is d icti o n
fu rt h e r pl e as ed , b a n d w ith the ad v i c e a fo re s a id , t o as i g n
t o the c o urts here y app o in t ed to ha ve ad m iral t y j u risd i c
ti o n, a s their res pe cti ve d istricts for ad m i ral ty purp o s es ,
the d i s tri c ts of the c o u n t y co u rts , the n a me s o f which are
.

C O UN Y CTS

HA V I NG A D M RA L T

co

RI S D I CTION

p rin te d i n the s e n d c l u m n o f the s a id s hed ul e,


to th e n a mes o f the s ai d
u rts res p e ti e l y

co

c v

oppos it e

J a n 14 , 18 6 9 The foll o w i n g fu rther o rder has b een


is s u e d b y the ri vy Cou n c il
W hereas b y the C o u n t y C o u r t s A dmiral t y Ju ris di c tion
A ct, 18 68 , it i s , a m o ng o t her t h i n g s , e n a c te d , th a t i f at
a n y ti m e a fter the p as s i n g
o f t ha t A c t i t a p ears to her
p
M a j e s t y i n C o u n c il , o n t he re pres e n t a ti o n o f the L o rd
C ha n c e ll o r e xpe d i en t t ha t a n y c o u n t y c o u rt s h o u l d ha v e
a d m i ra l ty j u ris d i c ti o n
it s hall b e l a w ful for her Maj es t y,
b y o rd e r i n c o u n cil, t o app o in t t ha t c o u rt to ha v e ad m i
r al ty j u r is d i c ti o n a cc o rd i n g l y , a n d t o ass i n t o tha t c o u r t
g
as i ts d is t ri c t for a d miral t y p u rp o s e s a n y p art o r p arts of
a n y o n e or m o re di s tri c t o r di s tr i c ts o f c o u n t y co urts
a nd
fur t he r, tha t a n y s u c h o rd er m ay b e fr o m ti me to time
v a rie d as see ms e xped ien t :
A n d w he rea s h e r Ma j es t y w as p l eas ed , b y an o rd e r i n
c o u n cil of the 9th da y o f De ce m b er, 18 6 8 , to o rd e r tha t
c ert ai n c ou nt y c o ur ts s h o u ld ha ve a dm iral ty j uris d i cti o n
A n d w herea s a repre s en ta ti o n ha s b e en ma d e b y the
L o rd C ha n c ell o r, s ta ti ng tha t i t i s e xpe d ie n t t ha t th e sa id
o rd e r s h o uld b e v aried , a n d tha t the c o u n ty cou rts m en
t i o n e d i n t he rs t col u m n o f t h e s ch e d u l e heret o an ne xed ,
m ark e d A , s h o u ld ha v e a d m ira l t y j u ris d i c ti o n an d t ha t
s u c h c o u rts s ho u l d ha v e as s ig n e d to th e m as t he i r r es pec
ti v e d is t ri c ts for a d mir al ty p u rp os es the d is tri cts of the
c o u n t y co urts , the nam es o f w hi ch a re p ri n ted i n the s e c o n d
co l u mn o f the s a i d s c he d u l e , op p o s ite t o th e n am es o f the

sa

id c o u rts

res pe

c ti v el y

o her Ma j es t y ha v in g taken the s aid re


p res e n t a ti o n i n t o c o ns id era ti o n i s pl e as e d b y a n d w it h the
a d v i c e o f h er Pri vy C o u n c il t o o rd e r an d app o i n t a n d it
is he e b y o rd e re d a n d a pp o i te d t ha t fr o m a nd a fter the
d a y o f J a nu ar y 18 6 9 the c o u ty c o u rts me n ti o ne d i n
exed ma rk e d A
t he rs t c o l u m n o f the s che d u l e h e e t o a
A n d he r Ma j es t y i s
s ha ll h a v e a d miral t y j u ri s d i c ti o n
furt he pleased b y a n d w i t h the a d v i c e a fo es ai d t o ass i g n
t o the c o urts hereb y app o i nte d t o ha v e a d mi al t y ju ris d i c
ti o n a s t he ir res pecti v e d is tri c ts for a d m iral ty pu rp os es
t he d i s t ri c ts o f the c o u n t y c o rts t he n a m es o f w h i ch a re
p ri n t e d i n t he s e c o n d co l u m n o f the s a i d s c he d ul e o pp o s it e
t o the n am es o f the s aid c o u rts re sp e c ti v el y A n d her
M a j e s t y i s fu rt her pl eas ed b y an d w ith the ad vi ce afor e
s a i d t o o rd er tha t the sa i d o rd e r o f t he 9th d ay o f D e c em
b e r las t s hall b e v aried or res c in d ed s o far as it v ari es from
thi s ord er
No w

t he ref re ,

nn

26 8

A PPE ND

IX

SCH E DUL E A
Nam e

o
v
c o

th e C u rt
ap p i n te d t o h a e A d m i
ra l ty
u ri s di t i n

of

o
o

y o

Th e D i s tri t s o f C u n t C u rts w hi h ar e to b e,
for A d m i ra l t Pur p s e s , th e D i s tri t of th e C u rt,
l u mn
th e n am e of w hi h i s p rin te d i n th e rs t

co

The C o u n t y C o u rt o f Th e C o u n t y C o u rt of No r thu m b erl a n d h ol d e n


No rth u m b erl an d
a t B er w i c k , B e lfo r d , A l n w i c k ,
M o rp e t h,
h o ld en a t Ne w cas tl e
No rth S hie ld s , an d Ne w ca s tl e on T yn e,
u p o n T yn e
a n d t he C o u n t y C o u r t o f D u rh a m , h o l d en
a t G a te s h e a d a n d S o u th S h i eld s
The C o u n t y C o u rt o f The C o u n t y C o u rt o f D u rha m h ol d en a t
D u rha m h o ld en at
S u n d erl an d a n d S ea ha m
S u n d erl a n d
The C o u n t y C o u rt of The C o u n t y C o u r t o f D u rham h o l d en at
D u rh a m h o ld e n a t
H a rtl e p oo l , S t o ck t o n an d M iddl es b o r o u g h ;
the C o u n t y C o u r t o f Y o rk s h ir e h old e n at
S t o c k t o n a n d M id
d l es b o ro u g h
S t ok es l e y an d W h itb y
The C o u n t y C o u rt o f The C o u n t y C o u r t o f Y o rk s h i re h ol d en at
Y o rk h old en a t H u ll
S c arb o r o u g h, Bri d l i n g t o n , B e v erl e y, H e d o n ,
H u ll, H o w d e n , a n d G ool e
The C o un ty C o u rt o f The C o u n t y C o u rt o f L in c ol n s h ire h o l d e n a t
L i n c o l n s hire h o ld en
B ri g g , G rea t G r im s b y , L o u t h, a n d B art o n
o n H u m b er
at G re at G rim s b y
The C o u n t y C o u rt o f The C o u n ty C o u rt o f L i n c o ln sh ire h ol d e n at
L in c o l n s hire h o l d en
S p il s b y, B o s t o n , S p a l d in g , a n d H o lb ea ch
at B o s t o n
The C o u n t y C o u rt o f The C o u n t y C o u rt o f Ca mb r id g esh i re h ol d en
a t W i s b ea ch
No rfo lk h o ld e n a t
th e C o u n t y C o ur t of No rfo l k

h
l
n
n
d
e
n
a
i
L
y
n
s
t
K
n
K g
i g s L yn n an d L ittl e W a ls i ng
1aom
Th e C o u n t y C o u rt o f The C o u n t y C ou r t o f No r fo lk h o ld e n at H o l t,
North W a l s ham , G re a t Y arm o u th , a n d
No rfo lk h ol d e n a t
Nor w i c h
Y a rm o u th
The C o u n t y C o u rt of The C o u nt y C o u rt of S u ffolk h ol d en at Be ccl es ,
L o w es t o ft, a n d H a l e s w ort h
S u ff o lk h o l d en at
L o wes t o ft
T he C o un t y C ou rt of The C o u n t y C o u rt o f S u ffolk h old en a t F ra m
li n g ha m , W oo d b ri d g e , a n d I p s w i c h th e
S u ff o lk h old e n a t
C o u n t y C o u r t of E ss e x h o l d en a t Ha r w i ch
I ps w i ch
The C o u n t y C o u rt o f The C o u n t y C o u rt o f E s s e x h old en a t C ol
ches te r a n d M a ld o n
E ss ex h o l d en a t C o l
ches ter
-

O UNTY C O URTS
Na m e o f th e C

ap p

oi

n te d

ra l ty

HA

u rt

to h a v e A d m i
u ri s di t i n

c o

VI NG

A DM

I RA LTY

UR S D C T

26 9

ION

Th e D i s tri ts o f C u n ty C u rts w h i h are to b e ,


fo r A d m i ra l ty Pu r p o s e s , th e D i s t r i t o f th e C u rt,
t h e n a m e o f w hi h i s p rin t e d i n th e F i rs t C l u m n

L o n d o n The C o u n t y C o u rt o f E s s e x h o ld en a t Ro ch
fo r d B re n t w oo d , an d Ro m fo r d the C o u n t y
C o u rt
C o u rt o f K e n t ho ld e n a t D a r tfo r d G ra v e s
e n d G re e n w i c h , a n d \V o o l w i ch t he S o u th
w a rk C o u n t y C o u rt o f S urre y ; the B ow
C o u n t y C o u rt of M i d dl e s e x ; the W hit e
ch ap el C o u n t y C o u rt o f M id dl es ex ; an d
th e C i t y o f L o n d o n C o u rt
The C o u n t y C o u rt o f The C o u n t y C o u r t o f K en t h o l d e n a t Ro che s
t e r , S he ern es s , S itti n g b o u rn e, a n d F a v or
K e n t h o l d en at Ro
s h am
c h e s t er
Th e C o u n t y C o u r t o i The C o u n t y C o u rt o f K en t h o l d e n a t C an ter
b u r y , M arg a te , Ra m s g a t e, S a n d w i ch, an d
at
h o l d en
Kent
D ea l
Ra ms g a t e
The C o u n t y C o u r t of The C o u n t y C o u r t of K e n t h o ld en a t
an d
Ro m
D o v er , F o lk e s t o n e , H y the
K en t h o l d en a t D o
n e y ; the C o u n t y C o ur t of S u s s e x h o ld e n
v er

The C it y

of

at

The C o u n ty C o u rt o f
at
S u s s e x ho l d en
B rig h t o n
Th e C o un t y C o u r t o f
H a m p s h ire h o ld e n a t
Po rt s m o u t h
The C o u n t y C o u rt of
H a m ps hire h old en at
S o u t ha m p t o n
Th e C o u n t y C o u r t o f
D o rs e ts hire h o l d en
a t P oo l e

Ry e

S u s s e x h ol d e n a t H a s
tin g s L e w e s B rig ht o n , W o rthin g , A ru n
d el a n d C hi ch es t er
The C o u n t y C o ur t o f H a m p sh i re h o l d en at
P o r ts m o u th a n d New p o r t, I s l e of W ig ht

The C

o n t y C o u r t of
u

o u rt

The C u n t y C
S u t ha m p t n

H a m p s hi re h o l d en
a n d L ym in g t o n
of

at

C o u n t y C o u rt o f H a m ps hire h o l d en
t he C o u n ty C o u rt o f
a t C hr i s t c hu r c h ;
D o rs e ts hi r e h o l d en a t Poo l e a n d W a re
h am
The C o u n t y C o u rt of Th e C o u n t y C o u rt o f D o rs e t s h i re h o ld e n a t
D o r ches ter, W e y m o u t h, a n d B rid p o rt
D o rs e ts hire h o ld en
a t D o r c h es te r
Th e Co u n t y C o u rt of The C o u n t y C o u rt o f D e v o n s h ire h o l d en a t
A xm ins t er, H o n it o n , E xe t e r, a n d Ne w t o n
D e v o ns hi re h o ld en
A b b ot
a t E xe ter
T he C o u n t y C o u rt o f The C o u n t y Co u rt of D e v o n sh ire h o l d e n a t
T o tn e s , C hu rs t o n F erre rs , a n d K i ng s
D e v o n s h ir e h o ld en
b r i dg e
a t T o t ne s an d Ch u r
s t o n F err e rs
The C o u n ty C o u rt o f Th e C o u n t y C o u rt of D e v o ns hire h ol den a t
the
E as t S t o ne h o u s e a n d Ta v is t o c k
D e v o ns h i re h o l d e n
C o u n t y C o u rt of C o rn w all h o ld en a t Lis
a t E as t S t o ne h o u s e
he ard
Th e

270

A PPE ND

o t
p p oi t d t h v A d mi
l ty J i d c ti on
Nam e o f th e C
n

ra

ur s

ur

IX

o
o

y o

Th e D i s tr i ts o f C u n t C u rts w h i h are to b e ,
for A d m i ra l t Pu rp s es , th e Di s t ri t of th e C u r t,
the n a m e of wh i h is p ri n ted i n th e F i rs t C l um n

The C o u n t y C o ur t of C orn w all h ol d e n at


at
B o d mi n , S t A u s tell , Tru ro , F al m o u th,
H e l s to n , Pe nz an ce, Redru th, S t C o l u m b
Ma j or, a n d C am e l fo rd
The C ou n t y C ou rt o f The C o u n ty Co u rt o f De v o n sh ire h o l d en at
D e v o n s hire h o ld en
H ol s w ort h y, B id eford a n d Ba rn s t ap l e
a t B ar n s tapl e
The C o u n t y C o u rt of The C o u n t y C o urt of S omers e t s hire h old en
S o mers et s hire
at W ill it o n ,
Bri dg e wa ter, a n d W e s t o n
h o ld en a t Bri dg e
s u p er M are
The C o u n t y Cou rt
C orn w all h olden

of

The C o u n t y Cou rt o f The C o u n t y Co ur t of G l o u ces t ers hi re h o ld en


at Bri s to l a n d Thorn b ur y
G l o u ces te rs hire
h old en a t Bris to l
The C o u n t y C o u rt of The C o u n t y C ou rt o f G l o u ces t ers hire h old e n
at D ur sl e y , G l o u ces t er, a n d Ne w u h am
G l o u ces ters hire
h ol d e n a t G l ou ces
.

The C o u n t y C o u rt of The C o u n t y C ou rt of Mon mo u ths hir e hol d en


at Che ps t o w a n d Ne w ort
M o n m o u t hs hire
p
ho ld en a t New port
C o u n t y C ou rt of G l am o rg an h o l d e n at
The C o u n t y C o u rt o f
Cardiff, B r id g e n d, an d C o w b rid g e
G l am o rg a n s h ire
h o ld en a t C ard iff
The C o un t y C o urt of The C o u n t y C ou rt o f G la mo rg a n h old e n
Nea th a n d S w ansea t he C o u n t y C o u rt
G l a m org ans hire
Carm art hen s hire h ol d en at Ll a ne ll y
h o ld en a t S w ans ea
The Co u n t y C o u rt of The C o u n t y C o u rt of C arm art hen shi re
h olde n a t C a rma rt he n an d Ne w c a s tl e i n
Carm a rthen s hir e
E ml y n ; the C o u n t y Cou rt of Pe m b ro k e
h o l d en a t Ca rme r
s hi re h o ld e n a t Narb er th, Pe m b r o k e, a n d
then
Ha verfo rd w e s t
the C ou n t y C o u r t o f
C ard ig a ns hi re h old en at Card ig a n an d
A b e ra y r o n
The C o u n ty C ourt of The C o u n t y C our t of Card ig an s hire h o l d en at
A b ery s t w i th ; the C o u n t y C o u rt of M o n t
Carn a r v o n s h ire
h o l d en at Bang or
g omery s hi re h ol d en at Ma chy nll e th the
C o u n t y C o u rt of Me r ion e ths hi re h o l d en a t
D ol g ell y ; th e Co u n t y C ou rt o f C ar na rv o n
s hire h o l d e n at Po rtm ad o c , Pw llh e l i, C a r
n ar v o n , B an g o r, a n d C o n wa y ; t he C o u n t y
C o u r t o f A n g l e s e a hol d en a t Ll a ng efn i a n d
H o ly hea d t he Cou n t y C o urt o f F l in t s hire
ho ld e n a t S t A s ap h, Rhyl , H ol y w ell , a n d
.

O UNTY C O URTS
Nam e

ap p

oi

ra

of

n te d

th e C

H A V I NG A D M I RA L TY

u rt

to h a v e A d m i

l ty J ur i s d i cti on

o
c

o
o

The C u n t y C u r t
L a n as hir e h ld e n
L i e rp l

oo

of

at

o
o

U R S D CT

ION

y o

Th e D i s tri ts o f C un t C u rts w hi h are to b e


for A d m i ra lty Pu r p s e s , th e D i s tri c t o f th e C u r t,
t h e n a m e o f w hi h i s p rin te d i n t he Fi rs t C l u m n

o
co

The C u n t y C u r t of Ches hi re h l d en a t
C h es t er, Birk en head , an d Ru n r n ; the
C u n t y C u rt o f L a n as h i re h l d e n a t W ar

r i n g t o n , S t H el e n s , L i erp
l , a n d O rm s
k ir k
Th e C u n t y C u r t o f L a n as hi re h l d e n a t
Pres t o n , K irk ha m , P u l t n l e F yld e , G a r
s ta n g , L an as t er, a n d Ul e rs t n e
The C u n t y C u rt o f C u m b erl and h l d e n a t
W hit e ha e n , C k e r m u t h, W ig t n , an d
Carl isl e

o
oo

The C o u n t y C o u r t o f
L a n cas hir e h o l d e n a t
Pres t o n
The C o u n ty C o u r t o f
C u mb e rl a n d hol d e n
a t W h i te ha v en

27 1

c
o o
v

oc

o
o

N
)

A PPE ND

IX

F O RM S

No

to i n stitu te a C au se
I n the H ig h C o u rt o f A d m ir al t y o f E g l an d
m as t e r
The [s ta te ti tle of ca u se]
I A B p ro c t o r here b y i n s tit u t e a cau se o f [s ta te the
n a tu r e of the ca u se] o
b e h l f o f [s ta te n a me a d d ress a n d
d es crip ti o n of
ta te the n a m e
ag a i s t [if i n r em
a n d n a t r e of the p r op e ty p r o c eed ed a g
i ns t; {f i n p ers o
nam
s ta te n a m e
dd r es s a d d es c ip ti o n of p a r ty to be
ci ted] i the s u m of [s ta te su m i n letters] p ou n d s A n d I
c on s en t tha t all ins tru m en t s a n d o the r d o c um e ts i n th e
u ir ed by
s a i d c a s e m ay b e l e ft fo r m e at [s ta te a dd r es s r eq
.

Prae cipe

No

Ru le N0

D a t e d the
d ay of
[ To be s ig ned by the p r o ctor,

No 4
.

18
or by his

clerk fo r him ]

Prae cip e for W arran t

I n th e H i g h C u r t o f A d m i ra l t y of E n g l a n d
The [s ta te ti tle of a u s e],
m as ter
I , A B , pr t r for the pla in tiff, p ray a w arran t to
a rr es t [s ta te n a me a n d na tu r e of p r p er ty
]
D a t e d the
da y o f
[ To be s ig ned by the p ro t r, or by his ler kf or hi m ]

oc o

co

No 6
.

Praecipe for S e rv ice

of

W a rran t by the

M ars h al
I n the H ig h C o u rt o f A d m iral t y o f E n g l a n d
The [s ta te ti tle of ca u s e]
m a s te r
I A B pr o ct o r for the pl a i ntiff pra y tha t the w arran t
here w ith l e ft b e d u l y s er v e d o n the [ s ta te n a m e a n d na tu r e
f the pr op er ty to be a rres ted ] n o w l yi ng [s ta te w he re
.

No

s i tu a te

d ay of
D a t ed the
[ To be s ig ned by the p ro t

c or

or

IS
by hi s

clerkf or

him

FORMS
No 7
.

Prae cipe fo r D e tai n

er

I n the H i g h C ourt o f A d mi ral t y o f E n g l a n d


T he [s a e i le of c a us e ],
m as t er
I A B pr o ct o r fo r the pl a in ti , p ra y a d e ta i n er ag a i ns t
[s a e na me a n d na u re of p r op erty ]
D a t e d the
d ay o f
18
[ To be s ig ne d by the p r o ctor , or by his clerk f or him ]
.

t t tt

t t

No 9
.

Rem

Praecipe for C itation i n

NO

I n the H i g h C o u rt of A d mi ral t y o f E ng l an d
The [s a e i le of ca u s e]
m as t er
I A B , p r o cto r fo r the pl ai n ti ff, p ra y a c it a ti o n ag a in s t
all p e rs o n s W h o h a v e , or c l a i m t o h a ve , a n
y rig ht , titl e , or
i n teres t i n [s a e na m e a nd n a u re of p r op er ty ]
D a t ed the
d ay o f
18
[ To be s ig n ed by the p r o c tor , or by his c ler k f o r him ]
.

t t tt

t t

No 11
.

o e

Pra2 cipe fo r N tic

of

S ale

I n th e H ig h C u r t o f A dm i ra l t y o f E n g l a n d
The [s a e i le of ca u s e],
mas t e r
I , A B , p r t r fo r the pl a i n ti ff, p ra y a n ti e of s al e of
the [s a e n a m e a nd na u e of p r p er ty ], n o w l y i ng [s a e
w he e s i ua e] u n d er a rr es t b y V irt u e o f a w arran t is s u e d
fr m the reg is tr y o f th i s
u r t , w hi ch w as l e d o n th e
da y of
18
[ To be si g ned by he p r tor , or by his cle f or him ]
.

t t tt

oc o

t t
r t t

t r

16

N0

t t

co

No

o c

oc

rk

Prae ci pe for Ci tati

in Person am

I n the H i g h C our t o f A d m ira l t y o f E n g l a n d


The [s a e i le of c a u s e],
m a s t er
I , A B p r o c t o r for t he p l a i n ti ff, pra y a c ita ti o n ag a i n s t
[s a e na me , a dd ress , a nd d es crip i on of the p a r y o be
ci ed ]
( l ay o f
D a t e d the
18
[ To be si g ne d by the p r o ctor , or by his cler k f or hi m ]
.

t t tt

t t
t

t t

No

19
.

Pre

cipe

to
a

en te r a n

C au s

A ppe aran ce in

I n th e Hi g h C our t of A dm ir al ty o f E ng l a n d
The [s a e i le of ca u s e],
m a s te r
I , A B , p r o c t o r, hereb y e nt er a n a pp e ara n c e on b ehalf
o f [s a e na me, a dd res s, a nd d es cr ip i o n of p a r y] i n the
.

t t tt

t t

No

274

A PPE ND

IX

caus e o f [s ta te na tu re of ca u se] w hi ch has b een in s tit u ted


i n the H i g h Co ur t of A d m ir a l t y of E n g l a n d o n b ehalf o f
ag a ins t
[s ta t e n a me a dd res s a n d d es crip tio n of
,

[s ta te a g a ins t

ca u s e

tt t

An d
is i ns i u ed ]
I o n s e n t th a t all in s t ru m e nt s a n d oth er d o u m en ts i n t he
u i ed b
eq
au s e m ay be l eft for m e a t [s a e a dd es s ,
y
Ru le
18
da y o f
D at ed th e
[ To be s ig n ed by the p c r, or by his c le for him ]

w ha

w ho m the

or

t t

ro t o

No

20

rk

Praecipe fo r No ti c

B ail

of

I n the H i g h C u rt o f A d m iralt y of E n g la n d
m a s ter
The [s a e i le of c a u se] ,
I , A B , pr tor fo r the [s a e w he he p la in ti" or d e
f en d an ], t en d er the u n d er m en t io n e d p ers n s as b a il o n
b ehalf of [s a e the n a m e, a dd ress, a n d d es c ip i n of the
p a y f or w h m ba i t is to be g iven ], in the s u m o f [s a e the
au s e [if
s u m in le e s ] p u n d s , t o an s w er u d g m en t i n th is
f or c s s , a d d ] s o far a s re g ard s os ts ]

t t tt

No

t t

oc

t t

tt r

ot

Nam es, A d d res ses ,


S u re ti e s

re feree s

D es cr ip ti o n s

ro tor o
ou ld
,

r
,

18
by his

c ler k f o r

hi m

if p os s i b l e , b e g

ive n

as

Praecipe for B ail B on d

I n the H ig h C u rt o f A d m iral t y o f E ng l an d
The [s a e i le of c a us e ] ,
mas t er
I , A B , pr t r fo r the [s a e w he he p la in ti
de
f enda n ] , p ra y a b a il b n d for the s ig na tu re of the s ur e ties
l i n the a nn e xe d n oti ce of b a il a n d rep rt o f the
n a mec
mars ll a1
D at ed the
d ay o f
18
b y his c le icf or hi m ]
[ To be s ig n ed by the p c ,
.

t t tt

t t

of

Re f erees

No 2 3

No

r to

a nd

d a y of
b e s ig ned by the p c
n am es o f b a n k e rs s h

D a te d the

( The

t r

rt

[ To

oc o

t t

t r

'

or

r o t or or

No

24

B ail B o n d

I n the Hig h Cou rt o f A dm iral t y o f E ng la n d


The [s a e i le of ca u s e],
ma s te r
h as b ee n in s titu t ed i n the
W here as a cau se of
.

t t tt

FO RMS

2l

Hi g h C o urt o f A d mi ral t y of E n g l a nd
g

v
jo

i t

of

i n te r e n in g )
No w , there
f re , w e
an d
h e re b y
in tl y a n d s e era ll y ,
s u b mi t
u rs el es t o th e u r i s d i ti n o f th e sa id
ou rt , a n d
ns e n t th a t , if he th e s ai d
s ha ll n o t p ay w h a t m a
y
b e a d u d g e d ag a i n s t him i n the s a id a u s e , wi th c s t s , exe
cu t i o n m a
y i s s u e f rt h a g a in s t u s , o ur he i rs , e xe u t rs ,
a n d a d mi n is t ra t rs ,
ds a n d ha tt els , f or a s u m n o t e x
g
ce e d in
g
p u nds
[Si g na tu e of su e i es ]
T hi s b ai l b n d w as s ig n ed b y t he
s a id
an d
the s u re
ties , the
d ay o f
18
Before m e
on e o
[ To be s ig n ed bef e the eg is a ,
f the cle s i n the
eg is
y , o r bef e a c mmiss i ne ]
a

i t

b ehal f

on

a n d ag a n s

a ns

co

c o

No

25

tr r or

or

rk

o r

Praecipe for C o mm issio n

rt

or
tr

c o

oo

to

ke B

ta

il

ou rt o f A dm ir al t y o f E n g l an d
Th e [s ta te ti t le of ca us e]
m a s ter
I A B p o c t o r fo r t he [s ta te w het her p la in ti or d ef end
a n t]
p a y a co m mis s i on to ta ke b a il o n b e ha lf o f [s t a t
na me a d d r es s a n d d es c rip t io n f the p ers o f or w ho m ba i l
t o be g i ven] i n the s um o f [ ta te the m in letters]
p o u d s t o a ns w er j u dg m en t i t h is c a us e ( if / or co s ts a dd
s o fa
a s re ar ds c o s t s ) ;
t he s a id c o mm is s i o n to b e a d
g
I n the H ig h C

'

su

d res s e d t o
D a t e d the
d ay
[ To be s ig ned by the p

of

r o c to r o r
,

18

by his

cler k f or

hi m

J ustifi c atio n
I n the H ig h G o w t of A d mi ral t y o f E n g l a n d
ma s t e
The [s ta te t i tle of ca s e]
o n e o f the p ro
n d d es c r ip t i on ]
I [s ta t e na me a d d r ess
d d s c r ip t i
f
p o s ed s u re tie s fo [s t a te na m e a d d res s
the p ers o n fo r w hom b a i l i t o be g i ve ] ma k e o a t h a n d s a y
tha t I a m w o rt h m ore t han the s u m o f [s t a te the s u m i
letters i n w hi ch ba i l is to be g i ven] p o u n d s a ft er th e pa y
m e t o f a ll m y d e b ts
18
d ay o f
O n the
w as d l y
the s a id
S g mmr e Of u rcty
s w o rn t o th e t ru th o f t h is
a f d a v it a t
Before me
C o m m is s i o ne r
No

28

A f da vi t

of

an

on

276

A P E ND

No

29

Pr ae cip

IX

ef

or

ee e

R l as

o f A dmiral ty o f E n g lan d
m a s t er
The [s ta t e ti t le of ca u s e]
I A B p roctor for t he [s ta t e whe ther p la in tiff or de
f enda n t] in a ca u s e o f [s ta te n a tu re of caus e] i n s ti tut ed o n
b ehal f o f
ag ai s t th e [s ta te na m e a n d na tu r e of p ro
i rt ue o f a w arran t is s ued
p er ty ] n o w u n der a rres t b y
from the reg is try o f th is c ourt p ra y a relea s e o f the sai d
[bail ha vi n g been g i ven or th e cau s e ha i ng b een
w ithdraw n b y m e before a n app ea ra n ce w as en t ered th ere
in &c a s the ca s e m a y be] a n d th ere b ei ng
o ca eat
ag ain s t th e releas e t hereo f out s ta n d in g
Da te d th e
d ay o f
18
[ To be sig ned by the p r octor or by his clerkfor him ]
I n the Hig h C o u rt

v
n v

No

31

Prae c ip fo r C a

ve

at

ee e

R l as

h C ourt o f A dm i ra lty o f E ng land


The [s t a te ti t le of ca u s e ]
m as t er
I A B
p roctor f or the p l ai n tiff i n a ca us e o f [s ta te
na tu re of ca u se] in s tituted i n beha lf of [s ta te name a ddres s
a n d d es cr ip ti o n of p la in ti ] a g ai n s t [s ta t e n a m e a n d na tu re
of p rop er ty ] p ra y a ca ve at a g a i n s t th e rele a s e o f the s ai d
[s ta te na me a n d na tu r e of p r op er ty]
Dat ed the
d ay o f
18
[ To be si g ne d by the p ro ctor or by his clerkf or hi m ]
I n the H ig

No

No 3 2
.

r e cipe f

or

Ca

ve

at

rr

W a a nt

o f A dmi ralty o f E ng la n d
The [s ta t e ti t l e of ca u se]
m as t er
I [s ta te n a m e a dd ress a nd d es crip ti on] h ereb y un d e r
tak e to en t er an app earan ce i n an y ca u s e that m ay b e i n
s tit ute d i n th e H ig h C ourt o f A dm i ra lty of E n la n d
g
ag a in s t [s ta t e na m e a n d n a t u r e of the
p r op er ty ] an d wi thin
three da ys a fte r I s ha ll h ave b een s erve d w i th a n o ti ce of
the in sti tu ti o n o f an y s u ch ca u s e to g i ve b ai l th erei n i n a
s u m not ex c ee din g [s ta t e a mo u n t f or w hich the u nde rta ki n
g
is g ive n] p oun ds or to p ay s uch s um in to the reg i stry
A n d I co n s en t that al l i n s tru m ents a n d o ther do cum ents
in s u ch ca u s e m ay b e le ft f or me a t [s ta t e a ddr ess r e u i red
q
by Ru le No
d ay o f
Dat ed the
18
[ To be sig ne d by the p a r ty or by his procto r J
I n the Hig h C ourt

N0

F O RMS

No

I n th e H

33

Peti tio n

igh Co u rt of A dm ir alty o f E ng l an d

t t tt

The [s a e i le of ca u se],
m as ter
B , p ct
the pl ain ti ff i n a c au se
[s ate na tu e
of ca u se], in s t it u te d o n b e hal
[s a e na me, a d d ess , a n d
des cr ip i n of p la i n i f ], a a i ns t [s a e n a m e a n d n a u e of
i n t erve n i n , s a y s as
ll w s
p pe y ], a n d a ai ns t
[ he e ma ke the ne ces sa ry s a e men s in s h
p a a g ap hs ,
n u m be ed c n s ecu i vel
y]

A n d t he sa i d
i
B p a y s [he e s a e the p la in f s

r o or f or

to
ro r t
r

p ra y er ]
D a te d the
[ To be s ig

of t

f of

t t
t t
g
t
ort
r t t

t t

of

d ay
ne d by the

No

34

18

cou nse l a n d

pr

t r

fo

r r

o c t or ]
.

A n s w er

High C ou rt o f A dmiral ty o f E n gl an d
The [s ta te ti t le of ca u s e]
m a s t er
C D p ro cto r for [s ta te na me a d d res s a nd d es crip ti on ]
th e d e fe n da t i n t his ca u s e s ay s a s fo ll o w s
[here ma ke
the ne cess a y s ta teme n ts i n s h or t p a ra g ra p hs nu mbered
c on s ec t i ely]
A n d t he s ai d O D p ray s [here s ta t e the p ra y er of the
I n the

defen da n ]
Da te d the
[ To be s ig

of

No 3 5

d ay
ne d by the

Rep ly

o r an

18

co u ns el a n d p ro c to r ]

y S u b sequ en t Pleading

Hig h Co u rt o f A d mi r alty o f E ng lan d


m as ter
The [s ta te t i t le of c a us e ]
A B
p ro ct or f or the [s t a te w he ther p l a i n ttf o r defen d
further s ays as foll o w s [here ma ke the neces sa ry
a nt]
s ta te m en ts i n ho r t p a r a g r ap hs n mb er ed co nse cu ti vely ]
18
d ay of
D a te d the
[ To be s ig ne d by the co u ns el a nd p ro c tor ]
.

I n the

C onclu s i o n
No 3 6
I n the Hig h C o u rt o Admi ra l ty o E ng la n d
m as te r
The [s ta te ti t le of ca u se
A B
o r d ef en d
pr o c t o r o r t he [s t a t e w he t her p la i n tt
ur th er a n d p ra y s tha t
a n t] s a y s th a t he d o es n ot p l ead
th e p l e a di n g s b e c o n c l u d e d
d ay o
18
Da te d t he
[ To be sig ned by the c ou nsel a n d p r o c t or ]

No

'

NO

2l8

APPE ND IX
No 38
.

Praeci p e for C o m mis s ion to E xam in e

W itn es s es

High Cour t o f A dm i ral ty of En gla nd

I n the

t t tt

The [s a e i le of ca u s e],
m as t er
I, A B , pro ct or or the [s a e w he her pla in ti or d e
fenda n ] , pray a c o m mi s s i o n o r the e xami na ti o n o w i t
n es s es in thi s c au s e , d e c ree d b y th e ju d e t o b e O p ene d a t
d ay o
a n d t o b e ad
18
o n the
d ress ed t o [s a e n a m e of exa m i n er or c o mmi ss i on er]
To be s ig ned by the p r o c or, o r by his clerk f or hi m ]
.

t t

4 1 Praeci
.

'

No

t t

pe f

S ub oen a to
th e J u d g e
or

pp ear

b efo re

I n the

High C ou rt o f Ad mi ral ty o f Eng la nd

t t tt

The [s a e i le
A B , pr ct
.

o or for

f end a nt

f ca u s e]

the

[s ta te

mas ter

t
g

whe her p la i n

tiff

or

de

t o app ea r
pray a s u b poen a c om ma ndi n
b e ore 0 e J u dg e o th e H ig h C o ur t o A dmiral ty o E n g
s i tu at e
o n the
d ay o
l an d , i n
o the cl o ck i n the
n oon o
th e s a m e
18
at,
d ay , t o ive e vi d en c e i n t his c a u se [an d t o pro d u c e ( d es cr ibe
the p ap ers o be p r od u ced if
D a ted the
day o
18
[ To be sig ned by the p ro c or, or by his clericfor hi m ]

No

43

f
f

Praecip e fo r S u b p oen a to app ear b efore


E xamin er or C omm i s s i on er

an

I n the

High C ou rt of Ad mi ral ty of E ngl and

tt

mas ter
The [s a te i le of ca u se],
I , A B , pro ct or or the [s a te w he her p la in ti or d e
to app ear
fend wnt], pray a s u b poen a , c o mm an di n
b e ore [s a e na me] a n e xa m i ner [or c o mmi s s i o n er a pp oi n t e d
u n der a c o mmi s s i on is s u e d r om the re is try ] o
th e Hig h
C ou rt o A dmi ral ty o En lan d , i n
s i tu a te
d ay o
18
at
o the cl o ck
o n the
n oon o
th e s ame d ay , to ive e vi d e nce i n
i n the
t his cau se [an d to prod u c e ( des cr ib e the p ap ers to be p ro
duced if
18
Date d the
[ To be sig ned by the p ro ctor, or by his cler k for hi m ]
.

t t

f
ff

t
g
g

'

f
f

No

45

O RMS

2I 9

Praec ipe fo r S u mm on s

I n the H ig h Co u rt o f A d m i ra l ty of E n g l an d
The [s ta te ti tle of ca u s e],
m as te r
I , A B , p ro t o r fo r t he [s ta te w hether p la in ti or d e
f en d a n t] i n thi s au s e , p ray a s u m mo n s ag ai ns t [s ta te
w he ther d ef en da n t s o r p la i n tif s p r o to r ] t o app ea r b e fo re
the u d g e i n C ha m b e rs to s ho w a us e w hy [s ta te the a u se
of su m m o ns ]
D a te d the
day of
18
[ To be s ig ne d by the p ro tor , o r by his lerk f or hi m ]
.

No

NO

No

47

Min u te on Filing any D ocument

I n th e Hig h Co ur t o f A d mi ral ty o f E ng l a n d
The [s ta te ti tle of a us e],
m a s ter
I , A B p ro to r fo r the [s ta te w hether p la i n tif or d e
f en da n t], l e t he foll o w in g d o u m en ts ; v i z [her e d es cri be
the d o um en ts ]
d ay o f
D ate d t he
18
[ To be s ig ne d by the pr o tor , or by his lerk f or him ]
.

'

No

48

Praec ipe for C o mm i s s i on


and S ale

of

A pp rais e ment

I n the H ig h Co ur t of A d mira l ty of E ng la n d
m a s t er
The [s ta te ti tle of ca u s e],
I , A B , pro c t o r fo r the [s ta te w hether p l a i n ti or d e
f end a n t], p ra y a co mm is s i o n fo r the app rai se m en t a nd sa l e
o f th e [s tate na me a n d n a tur e of p r op er ty ] , w hi c h w as d e
d ay o f
c ree d b y the C ou rt o n the
18
18
d ay o f
D a te d the
[ To be s ig ne d by the p ro cto r , or by his cler k f o r hi m ]
.

'

No

No

No

5 0

Prae ci pe for O rde r for Pay ment of M oney


o u t o f C o u rt

I n the H ig h Co u rt of A d m ira l ty o f E ng l an d
m a s t er
The [s ta te ti tle of ca u s e],
I , A B , pro c t or for t he [s ta te w hethe r p la in ti or d e
f en da n t], p ray a n o rd er for the pay me n t o u t o f c o urt to
[s ta te to w hom ], o f t he s u m o f [s ta te the su m in letters ],
b e i n g the [s ta te the n a tu r e of the cl a i m ] d e cree d to b e p ai d
to
18
d ay of
D a ted the
[ To be sig ne d by the p roctor , or by his cle rkf or him ]
.

280

A PPE

No

5 2

N DIX

Pr aecipe for M o n iti on

to

Pay

In the H ig h C our t of A d m iral ty of E n g lan d


m as t er
The [s ta te ti tle of ca u se] ,
I , A B , pro c to r fo r the [s ta te w he ther p la i nti or de
f en da nt], p ray a mo ni tio n ag ai ns t [s ta te na me, ad d res s, a nd
d escrip ti on], t o p ay to [s ta te na me, a d d r ess, a n d d es cr ip ti on
of p er s on to whom
p a ym en t i s to be m a d e], the s u m of [s ta te
the su m i n letters ], b e i n g [s ta te na tu r e of clai m] , d ecre ed b y
o rd er of the j u d e i n t his cau s e
g
d a y of
D ate d th e
18
[ To be s ig ned by the p roctor, or by his clerkf or hi m )
.

No

'

to w i thd raw C aveat


I n the H ig h Cou rt o f A dmiral ty o f E n g la nd
m as t er
The [s ta te ti tl e of ca us e]
I A B p ro ct or for the [s ta te w hether p la in tif or d e
fend an t] p ray that the c av eat ag ai s t [s ta te ten or of ca vea t]
e n t ered b y m e on the
da y o f
18
o n b ehalf
of [s ta te na me] may b e w i thd raw n
da y o f
18
Date d the
[ To be si g n ed by the p ers on by whom thep raecip e f or the
No

5 6

Praec ipe

No

'

the ca vea t was s ig ne d

en try o

No

5 9

Praecipe fo r A tta chment

I n the Hig h C o u rt of A d miral ty of E n g l and


m as ter
The [s ta te ti tle of a us e] ,
I , A B , proc tor fo r the [ s ta te w hether p la in ti or de
fen da nt], p ra y an attachm e n t ag ains t [sta te na me , a dd ress ,
a nd d es crip ti on ], for his co n tu mac y a n d co n te mpt in ( no t
ha vi ng ob ey e d the mo n i ti o n , b eari n g d a te the
d ay
for pa y m e n t of the s u m of [s ta te the su m
18
of
i n letters] , w hi h w as s er e d u p on hi m on t he
d ay of
18
The o mmi t me n t i n d o rse d o n the sai d
attachme n t to b e ad dres se d to [the keep er or j a i lo r of her

a s the ca se m a
M aj es ty s j a il or p ri s on a t
y be]
d ay o f
18
D at ed t he
[ To be si g ned by the p roctor, or by his clerk for him ]
.

'

PL EA

D I NG S

81

ADDITIONAL FORMS OF PLEADINGS

S U I T for S a lv a ge by S m a ck s
A nc hor s and Chain s
b ro ught o ff from the s h ore S ubmis s i on by
D e fendants to pay wha t C ourt w o uld award

I n the H ig h C o urt o f A d miral ty

h
T e
Roy al S tan d ard,

of

E n g l an d

m as te r

L & N
.

T &S
B &W
.

W
P eti tion led

No

beha lf of the Pla in tif s


L
N s olici t ors fo r t he p l ain ti ffs , i n a cau s e o f
s al v ag e i ns tit u te d o n b e ha lf o f th e o w n ers an d cre ws

o f t hree l u g g ers , nam el y , th e


O ce a n, of iM arg ate,

E n l a n
a n d the
l
b
i
o
n
a
n
d
A
d s G l ory , of D e a l ,
g

a ai ns t th e s hi p
a
l
t
an
d ard ,
Roy
S
h er ta ckl e ,
g
a p p a re l a n d fu rn i tu re , a n d t he ca r o n o w o r la te l
g
y
l a d en th ere in , tog ethe r w i t h t he frei g ht d ue fo r th e
t ra n s p o rta ti o n t hereo f ; a n d a g a i n s t the o w ners of
t he s a i d v es sel and her s ai d ca rg o , t he defe n d a n ts i n
t hi s ca us e i n te r v en i ng , sa y as fo ll o w s

O cea n i s a lu g g er o f 2 2 to n s reg i s ter, o f the


1 T he
v al u e o f 6 00 , a n d o n the o cc a s i o n h e rei n after m e nti o n e d
w as m an n e d w i th a crew o f 18 ha n d s , al l t o l d
The

n
b
i
o
is a l u g g er of 2 0 to n s re g is te r, o f the v al u e o f
Al
5 30 , a nd on the o ccas i o n he rei n a fte r men ti o n e d w a s

n l
l
a
r
w
o
f
14
h
a
n
d
s
a
ll
t
o
d
m a nn e d b y c e
The
E g an d s
,
i s a l u g g er o f 14 to ns re g i s ter, o f the v al u e o f 3 5 0,
G l o ry
a n d u p o n th e o cca s i o n h e re i n a fter m en ti o n ed wa s m a n n e d
b y a c re w of 12 han d s , all to ld

Ro y al S tan dard i s a fu ll
2 Th e a b o v e n a me d s hi p
rig g e d s h i p , o f 2 0 8 3 tons reg i s te r , a n d o n the occas i o n h e re
i na fte r m e n ti o n ed w as b o u n d o n a v o y ag e from Co l om b o
a n d C ey l o n t o L o n d on wi t h a g e neral c a rg o , c ons i s ti n g o f
co tto n , co ee , c i n n amo n , and o the r v a l ua b l e p ro d u c e , o f

Th
e
a
n
d
d
m
a
t
e
d
v
a
l
u
e
o
f
R
o
a
l
S
t
a
r
the e s ti
y

i s d ou b le A 1 c l as s ed 20 y e ars at L l o y d s , and w i th her


o r t herea bo u ts
freig ht, was of th e va lu e o f
'

on

'

PP E ND I X

3 The
Ro a l S tan d ard h a vi n g , i n p ro s ecuti o n o f her
s ai d vo a e , a rri ved 0 3
D u n g e n e s s a n d t ake n a p i lot o n
g
b o a rd, p roceeded as far a s the North F orela n d, o ff w hi ch
s he a rri ved o n t he 2 0 th M a rch , 18 6 9, a n d the ood ti de
h a i n g e n ded, s he w as t here broug ht to a n a n hor w it h
both a n chors an d ch ai ns Previou s l to the 2 0th it had
been blow i ng ver s tro ng i n deed , a n d the re w o f the

Ro a l
k no ked u p w i th t h e
S t an da rd w ere p a rtiall
exertion o f g etti ng the ves s el u p ch a n n el , a n d s evera l o f
her m e n w ere belo w s i k , a n d t wo others w ere o n de k
w i th the i r a rm s i n s l i n g s

Th
e
lu
er
ce
a
n
w h i ch belo ng s to M a rg at e, le ft
4
,
gg
tha t pl a ce a bou t 1 p m o n the s a i d 2 0th d a y o f M a r h , i n
cons equ en ce o f m an ves s els i n the n eig hbourhood being
s ee n to be i n d i s tre s s
I t w a s t hen blo w i ng a m os t t erri
g a le o f w i n d f ro m the N N E , w i th s n o w a n d s leet s torm s
cons tan tl occurri ng , a n d a ver hea v s ea The
cea n
left the h arbour at h al f ood, an d p roceeded throug h a
hea vy s urf for the s ole pu rp os e o f ren deri n g as s i s tan ce to
s hi p pi n g in di s tre s s
5
A t a bout h a l f p as t 4 p 111 o f th e s ai d d ay , tho s e o n
b o a rd t he
cean s a w a s ig nal hois ted o n b o a rd the
Ro al S ta n da rd, w hi ch w a s t hen a bout 2 m ile s di sta nt,
a n d the
ea n i mm edi atel ma de the bes t o f her w ay
to the
Ro al S ta n da rd, a n d i n ab out a n hour s ucceeded
i n co mi ng u p w ith her
S he had o n l her f ore top mas t
s ta s a i l s e t, a n d ,
w i th h er he a d i n to w a rds the l an d ,
ra s
drif ti ng er fas t to w a rds i t w itho ut an y a n chor

'

Oc
y

Ew
o

The
cean, w i th con s iderab le dif cult ra n a lon g

s i de the
Ro al S tan da rd , a n d fo u r o f the cean s
h a n ds , n amel , W
H M , G P , a n d E E , w ith g reat
dif cult s u ceeded i n boa rdi ng the Ro al S tan da rd
The m as ter o f the
Ro a l S tan d a rd then i n form ed the

s a i d G P th at th e
Ro al S ta n da rd had lo st her a n chors
a n d ch ai ns , a n d t h at
he ( the s a id m as ter ) requi red two
m ore to be broug ht o ff i mm edi at el
The s ai d m a s ter t hen
beg a n to talk a bout g etti ng the as s i stan e o f s tea m t ug s ,

w he n P t old hi m th a t t he
cre
o
f
e
t
h
e
w
t
h
e
a
n
(
)
Ro a l
w oul d ren der the
S t an da rd an y as s is tan ce i n
t hei r p ow er, a n d ac cordi n g l t he p ilot o f the s h i p, her
m as t er, a n d P , w en t do w n i n t he a b i n , w here a n order

w as w ritt en to L lo d s ag e n t a t R
a ms g a te, to s e n d o ff tw o
a n chors
a n d cha i n s
o f the s iz e n ecessa ry for the s hip
B efore lea v i n g , the s a i d m as t er reques ted P to lea e the
t hree me n w ho , i n a d diti o n to hi ms elf , h ad b o a rded the
re w , a nd P then g o t i n to
s hip , o n bo a rd her to ass i s t her

a n d th e
the ce a n ,
cean p roceeded to Rams g ate,
lea vi ng s uch three me n on boa rd the s h ip
Ro a l S tan dard s u eeded i n o
Th
e
b tain i ng the
7
6

y
y
c

y
y

Oc

cc

P L E A D ING S

ce o f t w o s tea m tug s w hi ch m ade fas t to her The


s a i d t hree b a n d s o f th e
O
cea n w ho remai n ed o b o a rd

t he Ro ya l S ta n d a rd
as
w ere reque s ted t o
a fore s a id
p er f orm an d a ctu all y p erf or m ed the f ollo w i g s erv i ces
w h i l s t o n bo a rd her
W O rel i eved the h el m a n d w he n
n o t a t t h e hel m w a s a t the le a d co ns tan tl y he a v i n
g it
E w a s s ta ti o n ed o n t he look o u t a ll th e ti m e n o other o f
the s hip s cr w bei ng w i th hi m a n d the o ther m a n w a s
a l t ern a t el y s up pl y i g O s p l a ce a t th e hel m or t he le a d
a n d a ls o a ss is ti g i
loos ing th e tops il a d o ther th in g s n
boa rd the vess el I n t hi s w a y t he Royal S ta da rd
p ro c eeded throug h t he D o w n s an d s ub s eque n tly a rri ved
o ff D over i n to w o f t he t u g s
w h i ch h a v i n g g o t her i n to
D over Ro a ds t here h eld her o n e bein g o n the p or t a n d
th e o t her o n the s ta rbo a rd b o w

h
e
an
8 T
Oc e
o n le a in g the s h i p a s a f ores ai d p ro
ce e d e d to Ra m s g a t e
a d a rri ved t here a t a bout 7 p m
Th e w i d bei ng ri g h t ou t there w a s g re at dif cult y i n
m a k i n g for the e tra n c e to the h a rb our a n d ext ra as s i s t
a ce w a s requ i red for the p urp o s e
a n d i n e n t er i n g
th e
h a rbour dam ag e w as do n e to the lug g er b y her s tri k ing
a g a i ns t t he Pi er H e a d
T ho s e belo n g i n g to the O cean
too k the le tt er to L loy d s ag e t a d the res ult o f i qu i ri es
m a de b y hi m a d t hem w as t h at there w a s o n l y o n e
a n chor i n
Ra ms g a t e o f s uf ci e nt s iz e for the Ro y a l
a n d t h a t there w a s
n o t a n y ch a i n c a ble o f
S ta n d a rd
s uf c i e t le n g th a d
s iz e i n
Ram sg a te T he teleg rap h
w as t here f ore s et t o w ork a n d i t w a s a s c erta i ed th a t
th ere w as a ch a i n ca ble a t M a rg at e o f s u f ci e n t s i z e
for the s hi p an d it w as there fore broug ht over by lan d
fro m M a rg a t e to Ra msg a te a t o c e a n d i t bei n g a s oer
ta i n e d b y t eleg ra p h th a t there w as o n e a c hor a n d ch a i n
a nd o n l y o e o f s u f c i e n t s iz e i n D e a l s uch a chor a n d
ch a i n w ere a ls o ordered to b e g o t rea dy an d the s a i d G P
O cea p roceeded i n
a n d t w o o t hers o f t h e cre w o f th e
a y i n the n i g ht over l a n d fro m Ra m s g a t e t o D e a l for t he
p urp o s e o f g e tti g all th i ng s re a dy to t a ke s uch las tl y
m e n ti o ed a n chor an d ch a i n o ff to t he s hi p
9 The c h a i n f ro m M a rg ate h a vi ng a rri ved th e sa i d
rs t m en ti o n ed a chor a n d 6 0 fa thom s o f 2 in ch cha i n
w h i ch to et her w eig h ed 13 t o n s w ere p u t o n bo a rd th e
Ocea n a n d at 1 a m o n the 2 1st the O cean p u t to
s ea ( the g a le s ti ll c o n tin u i ng ) f or the p urp o s e o f p ro c eedi n g
w i t h s u ch a n chor a n d ch a i n to the s hi p
10 A t this ti m e there w as a hea vy f all o f s leet a n d
w h i ch n eces s ita t ed
s n o w a d a t re m e n dou s s e a ru n n i g

Oc ean to keep her


the us e o f the p u m ps o n b o a rd the
free The O cea di d n ot n d the s h ip i n the D ow ns
as w as ex p e ct ed a n d s he t he n p ro c eeded rou n d the S outh
F orela n d t o D o er Ro a ds a n d a t a little a fter four i n the
as s i s ta n

n,

PPE ND I X

board t he Oc ean s aw the Roya l

S tan da rd a n d t he y at o ce p roceeded t ow a rds her a d


h ail ed her to g et rea dy for th e l ug g er to c o me along s i de
T hey w ere t he n reque s t ed to l i e s n ea r t o the s h ip a s
p os s i ble w h i ch they d id a n d at a bout 6 a m w i th g re a t
d ii cu l ty a n d p ers o n a l ri s k ow i ng ch i e y t o the w eig ht o f
t h e a n chor a d c h a i n a d w i t h d am ag e to t he l u g g er
del i veri ng the an chor an d 6 0 fa tho m s o f chai n
s ucceeded i
o n bo a rd the ve s s el
I n order t o g et s uch a n chor a d
chai n o n boa rd the s hip the O cea ha d to pu t s eve n
The
m ore o f her h a nds o n bo a rd the s hip to a s s i st

O cean g ot clea r o f the s h ip a t 11 a m a n d w i th the


g a le s ti ll co ti u i ng p roceeded f or Ra m sg at e for t he re
m ai n i g p ar t o f th e ch a in w h i ch ha d b ee too m uch for
The s ai d t hree m en
t he lug g er t o bri ng 0 3 a t o ne t rip
w ho h a d been p u t o n boa rd th e s h i p as a f ore sai d w ere s til l
left on bo ard her The O ce an arri ved at Ram s g at e at
7 p m a d took th e rem ai n der o f the c ha i n o n bo a rd a n d
the proceeded t here w it h to t he s h i p w hi ch s he rea ched
a t a bou t 6 a m o n th e m orn i n g o f t he 22 md

11 The O ce an
t he n w en t a lo n g s i de the s hi p a n d
fo u n d her broug h t u p w ith the a n chor an d chai n w hi c h
s he ( th e
O cean had take n to her o n th e p recedi ng d ay
The cre w o f t he
O cean then p u t the rema in in g pa rt o f
t he c h in o
board the s hip a n d w ere then reques t ed to
li e by th e s h ip all d ay u n til t he w eat her s hould m odera t e
w h i ch they d i d
d i n t he even i ng the w e at her h a vin g
lef t her an d a rri ved at Rams
m oderated t h e O ce an
g ate at 10 p m ( o n the 22 nd )
12 The s a i d G P a n d hi s t w o co mp a ni o ns w ho le ft
Ra ms g at e for D ea l as a fore s ai d a rri ved a t D eal at 10 p m
o f the 2 oth a d g o t the la rg es t lu g g ers t here n am ely the
lbi o n a n d E n la n d
rea dy ; a n d h a vi ng
A
s G lory
g
ob ta in ed the a ss i s tan ce o f a n um ber o f m e n s u cceeded i
p u tti ng the a n chor o n bo a rd o n e an d the ch a i n o n b o ard
the other o f the s a i d lug g ers the s ai d a n chor an d cha i n
an d a t 6 a m o f th e 2 1s t th e y
t og ether w ei g h i ng 14 $ to n s
m a de p rep a rati o n s for l u ch i n g
The w i n d a n d s e a i
creas in g a d the w eather bei ng very b a d i n deed g re t
diffi culty a n d dan g er w ere exp eri en ced in la un ch i ng the
A lbi o n
w h i ch w a s la den w ith t he a n chor th e lo w er
w oods m e n be i g u p t o the ir w a is ts i n the s urf i n en de a
vouri ng t o l a u n ch her a n d i n l a u n ch i n g he r s eri ous d a m a e
g
w as don e to her
A lbi o n
h a vi ng b een l a un ched pro c eeded i n
13 The
s e a rch o f the s hi p b oth her p u mp s be i ng k e pt co ns tan tl y
S he p ro c eeded rou n d the S ou th F orel a nd a n d
g oi ng
1 D over obs erved th e s hip a d p ro c eeded to her
w hen 0 1
b y her a t about 8 a m
a n d t he n
a rri i n g
w ith g re at
Al i
h
e
a
a
t
t
b o n s crew n in e i n n um ber
dif cul ty
p r of
m or n i ng , tho s e

on

an

'

P L E A D I NG S

28

b o arded the s h i p a n d as s is t ed in g etti ng th e a n ch or an d


ch ain o n b o a rd t he s h i p over her bow s , it bei ng g o t in over
t he bo w s o w i n g to t he p o s i ti o n o f t he s h i p, a n d to o ther
e s s el s b ei ng i n p rox i mi ty to her, so that i t mig ht be im
m ed ia tel y re a dy for u s e
14 The s a m e d i f culty a nd d a n g er w ere ex p eri e n ced i n
l a un ch i ng the E ng l a n d s G lory, w h i ch w a s lo a ded w i th
t he c h a i n , an d s he al s o w a s da m a g ed
S he p roceeded w i th
th e ch a i n to t he s h i p , a n d h a v i n g p u t s i x o f her m en o n
b o a rd the s h i p to as s i s t th e s a i d ch a i n w a s a t a bou t :2
m ,
g o t o n bo a rd ; a n d t he sa i d a n chor w hi ch ha d bee n p u t o n
bo a rd by the Al bi o n w as the n l e t g o , a n d the Roya l

a
n
S t da rd bei n g t he n i n s af ety t he s a i d t w o tu g s c as t o ff

f rom her The E ng la n d s G lory then return ed to D eal ,


w here s h e a rri ved a t a b ou t 9 p m
15
A t the t i m e o f the s a i d s erv i ce s the
Ro ya l

S ta n da rd h a v i n g lo s t her a n chors a n d c ha i n s a n d bei n g


i n the s i t u a ti o n a fore s a i d w as , w it h her c a rg o , i n a po s i ti o n
o f very co n s i dera ble d an g er , a n d the s ervi ces o f t he p lai n
tiffs w h i ch w ere p ro m p tly a n d effi ci en tly re n dered b y them ,
w ere o f g rea t v a lue to t h e
Ro y al S tan d a rd a n d her ca rg o
16 I n re n derin g the s a i d s erv i ces , co ns i dera ble p ers o na l
ri s k w as i n curred b y the p la in ti ffs , an d the s a i d lug g ers
r a n g rea t ri s k o f bei n g
s t ove i n a n d lo s t, a n d i n ren der i n g
s uch s erv i ce s the s a i d lu g g ers res p ecti vel y w ere a c tu a ll y
da mag ed to the a m ou n ts foll o w in g (th at is to s ay ), the
O cea n to th e a m ou n t o f 10 2 s l Od the E n la n d s
,
g

G lory to the a m ou n t o f :5 2 138 6 d , a n d t he A lb io n to


Th e p l a in t iffs al s o i n ren der in g s uch
t he a m ou n t o f 5 8 s
s ervi ce s i n curred e xp e n s e s a m ou n ti n g t o t he s u m o f 8 16 8
A n d the s ai d L a n d N p ra y t he Rig h t H o n oura ble
the J u dg e to a w a rd to the p l a i nti ffs , i n res p ec t o f
thei r s ai d s erv i c es , s u c h a n a m ou n t o f s alv ag e a s
t o him m a y s ee m j us t , a n d to co n dem n t he de
f en d a n ts a nd th eir ba il therei n a n d i n cos ts , a n d
t h a t f urt her an d o therw i s e ri g ht a n d ju s t i ce m ay
b e a dm i n is tered t o th e p la in tiffs in the p remi s es
D at ed t he d ay o f
L
N
E C C
,

A n s w er

the D

ef end a n ts

the O wn

F r ei g ht

er s of

the S hip

a nd

S , p ro ctors for the o w n ers o f the es s el


Ro y al S tan da rd, her t a ckle, app a rel, a n d fu rn i
t ure , a n d o f the fre ig ht due f or the t ra ns p ort ati o n o f
T

c r o n o w or lat ely l a den t herein i n a n s w er to


e o n l ed i n t hi s ca u s e say as follows

th e a g
the p titi

86

A P END

IX

1 The Royal S ta n d a r
i s a f ull rig g ed ship o f 2 08 3
to ns reg i s ter
O n the 9th o f No e mber, 18 68 , b ein g s tou t,
s ta u n ch
a n d s tro n ,
and
i n e ery w ay tt ed for t he
g
oyag e, a n d ma n n ed by a crew o f 4 2 h an ds , all told, s he
l eft Co lom bo lad en wi th a g en eral ca rg o b o un d for the p ort
o f L o n do n
2 D urin g the p ro s ec uti o n o f her s ai d oyag e, the
Ro ya l
S ta n da rd met with s tro n g g a les an d b ad w eath er, b ut s u s
tai ne d no d amag e bey o n d h a i ng s o m e o f her s ails s pl it,
whi ch w ere, ho w e er, pu t i n g ood order before s he a rri ed
o ff D un g e n e s s

h
e
M
a
A
bou
t
o
f
t
1
9
t
h
o
f
r
c
h
h
e
Ro y al
3
t
7 p m
S ta n da rd a rri ed o ff D u n g e n ess , and her mas ter en g ag ed
the s tea m tu g A lbi o n
to to w her to L o n do n
T he
wea th e r w a s then a nd ha d b ee n for s om e day s b efore n e ,
the wi n d blo wi ng lig ht fro m the s out h
4 A bout 10 p m o f the s a m e day the Royal S tan da rd,

i n to w o f the
A lbi o n , a rri ved off D over, w here s he took
o n b o ard a
p i lot, a n d u n der h is c ha rg e p ro ceed e d o n her
oy ag e, the w in d b lo w i n g fres h f rom t h e n orth
5
E a rly in t he m orni n g o f the n ex t d a y , the 2 oth o f
M ar ch , the Ro y al S ta n da rd, i n to w a s afores ai d,
o ff the North F orela n d, w he n th e w i n d s udde nl y i n creas e d
to a he a v y g a le fro m t he n orth, a nd t he s t ea m tu g bei n g
u na b le to hold the s hip , w a s o b li g ed to c as t 0 3 an d p u t
i nto M a rg at e
Before, ho w e er, th e tu g lef t the s h ip i t
w as a rra n g ed b etw een t he mas ter o f the s hi p an d t he
m as te r o f t he tug , that w hen the w i n d m odera t ed the t u g
s houl d, up o n a n ag ree d s i g n al b ei n g
hois te d, return a n d
take t he
Roy al S t an da rd ag ai n i n tb w
6 U p o n the tu g lea vi n g the Roy a l S t a n dard a a fore
s ai d , s he w as , a t a b out 8 a m o f the s ai d d ay , b y order o f
the pi lo t , b roug ht to a n chor, an d so rem a i n ed u n t il a bou t
4 p m w hen a g u s t o f w i n d s tru c k the s h i p, ca u s i ng rs t
t he s ta rboa rd c ha i ns a nd t hen the p ort cha i n to g i e w a y
The s h ip th en b eg a n to d ri ft to w a rd s the s hore, fro m w hi ch
s he w as t he n a bout fi ve mi les d i s tan t, b u t the chai n t h a t
rem a in ed bei ng s lipp ed from the h a ws e, her head w as
b roug ht rou n d b efore the w i n d, a n d u n der her f oreto p s a i l
an d f ore to p mas t s tay s a i l s h e ran f ree be f ore the w i n d
throug h t he D o wns
Ro yal
7 O n the chai ns s o g i i ng w ay as a fores aid, the
S ta nda rd ho is ted the ag reed sig nal for t he re turn o f t he
tu g t o the s hi p
8 A t a bout 5 p m , w hil e th e s hip w as ru nn i ng b e fore
the w in d as a fores a i d , a lug g er , w h i ch p ro ed to b e the
Oc ean came alo n s i de o f her a n d i t w a s a rra n ed
,
,
g
g

Roy al S tan dard a n d the


b etw een the ma ster o f t he
mas te r o f the Oc ea n th a t the s h ip s h o u ld p roceed t o
D o er W i ck, and that her mas ter, b eing p ro i ded b y th e

v
v

PL E A D I NG S

Ro y al

letter to L loy d s
ag n t a t Ra m s g a t e s hould p roceed
ere w i th the lug g er
a n d p roc u re
fres h a n chors a n d cha in s a n d s hip t h e m

o n bo a rd t he
Ro yal S tan d a rd w hen s he a rri ved o lf
D over
9 A f t er the lug g er ha d left for Rams g at e the m as ter
o f the Roy a l S ta n da rd fo u n d t hat t hree o f t he lug g er s
crew ha d rem ai ed o b oa rd his s h ip b u t t hey d i d s o eu
a n d w i t hou t a n y reques t or
t i rel y o f t hei r o w
ac cord
o t requ i red t o re n der
a ut hori ty o f t he m as t er a d w ere
a y a s s i s ta n ce i n w ork i ng t h e ai d s h i p excep t t h a t on e o f
t hem w s for s o m e tim e h ea vi g t he lea d

O
cea n w a s alo g s i de the
10 A bout t h e t i m e t he
Roy a l ta n da rd as a fores ai d a s t ea m es s el ca ll ed t he
S

W a derer c a m e u p a n d i t w as a rra g ed bet w ee the


W a n derer a n d the m a s ter o f th e s h i p t h at
m as ter o f t he
W a n derer s hould f or a s u m o f 6 0 hold t he s hi p
the
w hi ls t f re s h a chors a n d ch a in s w ere bei n g p roc u red a n d

A l bi o
i n t o wi ng her t o
s hould a ft er w a rds as s is t t h e
L o n do
A lb i o n
ca me u p a d the
11 S ho rtl y a fter w a rds the
oy l
ccordi ng ly p roceeded i n t o w o f t he
R a S ta n da rd

A lb o
h
derer
an
d
t
e
t o D over W i ck w here
W an
s he w as held b y t hem u n ti l t he f ollo w in g m or n i g
12 A bo u t 6 a m o n t ha t m orn n g t he 2 i s t o f M a rch
Ro ya l s t an da rd w a s bei g held clo s e u n der the
w h i le t he
A lbi o n a n d the
W an
h e a dl a n d i n D over Roa d b y t he
derer t he w ea t her h av i ng then m oderated the O cea n
ca m e a lon g s i de d a n chor a n d s om e ch a in w a s s h ipp ed
fro m her o boa rd o f the Roya l S ta n da rd w i thou t a ny
da ma g e or ris k to the O cean or her crew
t he s a m e m or i g
on
the lug g er
13 A f t erw a rds

l i o n a n d t he lu
er
E
l
a
n
d
s
lor
y
ca me u p
G
A b
g
gg

h
o
her
chor
a
d
ch
a
i
n
t
o
h
e
Ro y a l S ta da rd
a
n
t
t
w it a
T h is a chor a n d c ha i n w as s h i pp ed o n bo a rd o f t he
Roy a l S ta n d r
w it hou t a n y d a ma g e or r i s k t o the
d
l o or th e E n l a n d s G lory
or ei ther o f thei r
A bi n
g
crew s
Roy al St a n d a rd ha d s o ta ke n o n boa rd
14 A f ter t he
s he w as t o w ed b y
a s afore s a i d t he s a i d a c hors a d ch a i

e
u
bi
o
n
an
d
W a n derer i nto t he o u ter
s
Al
t
a
m
t
the s
g
D o er Ro a ds w here s he c a m e to n chor w it h t he n chor
a n d 7 5 f atho m s o f the c h ai n w h i ch h a d bee n broug ht to h er

an
h
e
O ce
as a f ores a i d b y t
A b out 6 a m o n t he m orn i ng o f the f oll o wi n g d a y
15
Ro ya l S ta n da rd w as
the 2 2 n d o f Ma r c h a n d w hi le the
s o a t a n c hor as a f ores a i d i n th e ou t er D over Ro a d s t he
Ocea n return ed to her w i th m ore ch a i
T he w e a ther
ha d t hen modera t e d the s ea ha d g o e do w n a n d t he s hi p
w a s in a s hel tered p o s iti o n a n d tn e ch a i n w a s s h ipp ed o
of

mas ter

th e

S tan d a rd

w ith
th

n.

an

an

n n

n,

"

PPE ND I X

board o f the Roya l S tan da rd w i thout an y dif culty or


dang er to the O cea n or her crew
16 The Ro y a l S ta d a rd
remai n ed s a fely at an c hor
as a fores ai d u ti l t h e 23 d o f M a rch b e i ng
detain ed b y
orth a d n orth eas t w he n s he w eig hed
g ales f ro m the
A lbi o
W a n derer
a n c hor a n d i n tow o f the
a n d th e
p ro ceeded o n her vo ya g e a n d about
p m o f the 24 th
o f March a rri ved o ff G ra ves en d a nd w as there m oored

ever w as i n a y da n g er
17 The Ro ya l S ta n da rd
fro m the los s o f her tw o an chors a n d c h ai ns a s herei n
before m en ti o ned M oreover there w ere on board o f her
a t the ti m e w he n s he s o broke a w a y a s a foresa i d tw o o t her
a n chors o ne o f w h i ch w as a s l a r e a d the o ther
earl y
g
a s l a r e a s t ho s e lo s t a n d s h e ha d a l s o o n bo a rd ab out
g
105 fat ho m s o f ch a i n
18 The o nly s erv i ces re dered b y the th ree lu g g ers c o n
s i s t ed i n thei r h v i n
g broug ht the a f ore s ai d an chors a d
ch ain s o n board the s hi p a n d o f thes e a nchors a nd chai n s
Roya l S tan da rd o ly m a de u se o f
an d m oreover the
the a n chor a d ch a i n brou g ht by t he
O ce
19 S a ve a s herei nbefore a dm itted a ll the s e eral a ver
m e ts co n ta i n ed i n the s a i d p etiti o n a re u n true
W h ere fore t he s a i d proctors p ra y the Rig h t H o n our
a ble t he J udg e to a w a rd t he p l i tiffs s u c h s m
as t o hi s lord s h i p m ay s ee m t a d t h at o ther
w i s e j us ti ce m ay be do n e i n the p remi s es
D at ed the
day of
,

an

a n

A ns w er

f the D ef en d a n ts

o
W B an d W s oli ci t ors for the o w n ers o f the
c a rg o l a t ely la de o n boa rd the s hi p or ves s el Ro ya l
S ta n da rd
def e nda ts i th is ca us e s ay
Th at they rep ea t the a ver m e nts i
t he an s w er le d o n
beha lf o f the o w n ers o f th e s a i d s h ip Ro a l S tan dard
i n th i s c a u s e a n d p ra y the Ri g h t H o n oura ble the J udg e to
p ro n ou n ce s uch a m odera t e s u m t o be due to the p l a i n ti ffs
for thei r s ervi ces to the s a i d ca rg o as to hi m s ha ll s eem
m eet
D at ed the
d ay o f
i n the y ea r o f o u r Lo rd
.

the O wne rs

the C a rg

C onclu s i on led
L

an d

N,
.

follo w s
They de n y the

on

beha lf

the Pla i n th
fs

ol i citors for the pla i n ti ffs furth er s ay


,

as

em ents co ntai n ed

s tat

i n the

an s w

ers

P L E A D IN G S

28 9

def en da n ts s o far as the s a m e are i co n s i s tent


W
a ll e a ti o ns m a de b y t he
g
p eti ti o n a n d p ray that
the p le a di n g s m a y be c on cluded
D a t ed t h i s
d ay o f
o f a ll

the
i t h th e

&

C C
.

v g e b y S m ck i g e i g
m
ve el 3 d f
D ef c
h
g r ed
m cl i m e d e orb i n
d e de r f r
o n b le
mo n

PL E A D I N G in
ss

su

S ui t for S al

s an

o r an a

su

ta t,

an

tt

en

e,

eas

at

o f A dmiralty o f E n g l an d
m as ter
P eti ti on l ed o n be ha lf of the P la i n tis
L
N s oli c it ors for th e p lai nti ffs i a ca u s e o f
S a lvag e i ns ti tu ted o n beh alf o f th e o w ers m as t ers

D eerhou n d
a n d c re w s o f th e s m a ck s
S e a L a rk

A cti ve
Be u l h
L iz z i e M o rd e w
S cou t
a nd
I n cre as e
ag a i s t t he s h i p or ve s s el
Ros e
her ta ckle app a rel a n d f urn it ur e a d the carg o
or la t el y la den therei n ; tog e ther w i th the
now
f reig h t due f or the t ra ns p ortati on thereof ; a n d

h
w
n
h
i
s
R
s
ers o f t e s h p or ve s el
oe
a g a in s t t e o
C o the o w n ers o f pa rt o f the
M ess i eurs L G B
a nd J B
t he o w n er o f o ther p a rt o f
s ai d ca rg o
the s a i d ca rg o the de fe n da n ts i n thi s c a us e i n ter
s ay as f ollo w s
ve i g
D eer
1 O n the 2 d d a y o f J u e 18 6 9 the s m a ck

ou
d
o f C olches ter w a s cruis in g ou the loo k O u t for
n
b
p il ots a n d als o w i th t he o b j e ct o f a ss i s tin g ves s els w hen
a ve s s el w a s
obs erved o n the G u n e et
a t a b ou t 4 a m
S he app ea red to b e a
S a ds w i t h her hea d t o t he E N E
brig o f over 2 5 0 to s b urthen an d a fterw a rds p roved to b e
o e
the ve s s el p roceeded ag a i n s t i n thi s c au s e
Rs
th e
S he w as l a den w i t h a ca rg o o f dea ls a d i ron bou n d f ro m
T he w i n d at thi s ti m e w a s
G e e i n S w eden t o L o n do n
an d the s e a w as
b lo w i ng a g e n tle breez e f ro m W b y S
c o mpa rati vely s m ooth
D eer
Ro s e w as ob s erved the
2 A s s oo n as th e
h ou n d m a de f or her an d o ff ered a s s i s tan ce b u t th i s the

er
o
f
o
e
ref us ed a n d he a d his crew tri ed
s
h
e
R
t
m as t
t o g e t he r o ff the s an d b y c a rry i g her kedg e a n chor ou t
a n d t he n h e a v i g u p o n i t b y the W i n dl a s s
3 Al tho u g h i t w a s hig h w ate r at th is ti m e a n d the
I n the H ig h C ourt

The Ros e,

'

n n

No

PP E ND I X

of the Ros e a nd his c rew u s ed e ery exertio n


t he y coul d not s u c ceed i n m ovi n g the ve s s el
4 S eei ng thi s t o be t he ca s e a n d k ow i g th at ea c h
as
s u c ces s ive ti de w ould be lo w er t han the o e p re ced i n g
D eer
the ti des w ere th en t k i n g o ff t he m as t er o f t he
h ou n d re mai n ed as ea r t o t he b rig as p o s s ib le a n d o n
the e b b ti d e t he s i x o ther s ma cks w ho s e o wn er s a n d
crew s are p ro ceedi g i n th is ca us e al s o cam e u p to the
Ro s e an d stay ed b y her w i th a v i ew to re n deri n
g
as s is ta ce i n c as e o f n eed
Ro s e u s ed his u tm os t e n dea
5
T he mast er o f the
out e to g et his ves s el o ff d uri ng the t hree ti des f ollo wi n g

D eerhou n d
a nd n o t s u cc eedi n g
the a rri v al o f t he
t hi rd ti m e o f hig h w at er he o ffered t o m a ke a n a g ree
m en t w i th the mas t er o f the D eerhou d for as s is ta n c e ;
b u t n o t b ei ng a b le to ag ree up o n t he t erm s u p o n whi c h
t he m as t er o f t he
s uch a s s i s tan c e s hould be ren dered
Ro s e a n d hi cre w co mm e n ced o t hro w
s
t
the de ck
ca rg o ( co n s i s ting o f de al s ) o erb o ard i n order to li g ht en
the s hi p b u t n ot with s ta n ding this th ey w ere u n a ble t o
move h er
6 F i n di ng that al l hi s efforts to g e t th e s hip o f w ere
un s u cc es s ful the m as t er o f the Ro s e offered to m ake
an ag reem e n t for ass i s ta n ce b u t thi s t he p l a i tiffs re f u s ed
express i ng thei r readi n es s ho w e er to re der as s is tan c e
an d to h a t e the am oun t o f thei r rem un era ti o n s ettled
on s hore

t
er
o
f
t
h
e
R
o
s
e
h avi n g a g ain tri ed to g et
7 Th e mas
the s h ip ff a t hig h w ater o n Thurs da y th e 3 rd o f J un e
a n d bei n g u nab le to do s o as ked 0
L the m as te r o f t h

n
eerhou
d
w h a t h e w oul d g et th e brig o ff f or ; a n d
D
the s a i d O L ag ain rep li ed th at he w o u ld ra ther ha e the
matt er s et tled on s hore
8 I t w a s then g ettin g o n for the fourth tim e of hi g h
fro m
W a t er a n d the wi n d h ad co m e rou n d t o t he S S W
w hi ch qu a rt er it w as blow in g s tro ng ly an d o n to the s an d
The ti des w ere sti ll de creas i n g i n heig ht an d the
Ros e
w as s t rai ni ng w i th every t i de s o m u ch s o th a t s h e W as
n o w m a kin g 11 or 12 i n ches o f w at er p er hour
S he a ls o
ha d a s tro n g li st at ea ch l o w w ater
9 U n der thes e ci rcum s ta n ces the m a s t er o f the
Ro s e
b ec am e ery a n xi ou s to g et his s hip o ff the s a n d ; a nd
aft er s tatin g t hat he w as bou n d to m a ke an ag ree m e n t
i n q i red w h at s um th e
a c cordi ng to the r ule s o f hi s c lu b
The e en m as ters o f
pl ai n ti tfs w ould g et the s hip 0 11 f or
the v a ri ous s ma c ks t hen w en t dow n i nto th e ca b in o f the
b rig a nd a fter dis cus s i n g t he m atter o ffered to g et the
The m as t er o f the
Ro s e would n o t
s hi p o ff f or 4 5 0
b u t o ff ere d 3 00 w hi ch the
co n s en t to pay thi s s u m
plai nti ffs refu s ed and th e m ast er s o f the s ma cks th ereu p o n
ma s ter

"

'

P L E A D ING S

2 91

s c a bi n a n d c a m e o n de ck
r
Th e m ast er o f the
Ros e ca m e a g ai n to the m ast er s o f the s m a cks w h o
h a i ng c on s ul ted tog ether told hi m t ha t 4 00 w as th e
lo w es t s u m t hey could a ccept A fter s o m e further d i s
c u s s i o n t he
p la i n ti ffs ag reed t o a ccep t 390 a n d for t hi s
to ru n t he ris k o f b ri ng in o n e o f the s m a ck s u clo s e o n to
g
p
th e s a n d a n d u s i n g her w i dla ss as w el l a s that o f t h e
s hi p i n t hei r e n de a vours to
g e t her o ff
10 T h is s u m o f 390 t he m a ster o f th e Ro s e at las t
a reed t o
g
p a y a n d he h i ms el f w ro t e o u t an ag reem en t t o
t h a t e ff ect i dupl i c a t e w h i ch w a s s ig n ed b y a ll p a rti es
the f o l lo w i n g is a cop y of s uch ag reem e n t

G u nee t J u n e 3 18 69
I hereb y ag ree w i th s eve n s m a ck s o f t he p ort o f
C olches t er t o a s s i s t m y s h i p the Ro s e o ff the G
e e t S a n d i n to a p ort o f sa f ety f or the s u m o f t hree
hu n dred a d i ety p ou ds s ay 390 if n ot approved
o f by m y o w n ers to h a ve i t s ettled b y re feren ce
H A Ma s t er
H
S M a te
O L s m a ck D eerhoun d
J P s m a ck S ea L a rk
Beula h
J W
J T
A cti ve
E J
L i z z i e M o rd e w
H
S cout
B S s m a ck I n crea s e
11 The ab o e m en ti o n ed ag reem en t ha v in g b een co m e
to t he p l a i ntiffs a ll w e nt to w ork in order to g et t he s h i p
O ff
S o m e o f the m w e t to the p u m ps i n order to g et t he
w a ter o u t o f t he s h i p the cre w be i g f atig ued w ith their
exerti o ns Others ca s t t he rem a i n der o f her deck ca rg o
overbo a rd to li g ht en her as i t w a s i m p os s ible to g et her
o ff w i tho ut do in g
so
O ne o f t he s m a ck s ( the
L iz z i e
M o rd e w ) w as brou g h t a s clo s e as p o s s ible t o the s a n d
w i th 5 0 fa t ho m s o f
a d a n chored i n ve ry s ho a l w a ter
ca ble o u t a n d tw o o f the s h ip s ha w s ers be t o n e to th e
other h av in g a t ota l leng th o f 15 0 fatho ms w ere c a rri ed
o u t a d ma de fas t to her
The brig s bo w er a n chor w i th
90 fa tho ms o f ch a i n a tta ch ed w a s a ls o c a rri ed o u t b y the
p la i ti ffs i a s ou th s ou t h w es t erl y d i re ctio n A bou t an hour
before the n ext ti m e of hig h w a ter b y m ea s o f hea vi ng
w i t h the g re a te s t p o s s i b le force b o th u p on the c ha i w h i ch
ha d bee n ca rri ed o t as be fore m e n ti o n ed a nd u p o n the
ha ws er w h i ch ha d been m ade fa s t to the s m a ck the w i n d
las s es o f b oth ves s el s b ein g m a de u s e o f for the p urp os e
the p l a i ntiffs s uc ceeded a t a bout
p m o n T h u r s d ay
t he 3 rd o f J u n e i n g etti ng the s hi p o ff a d bri ng i n g her
clea r b erth from the s a n d I t w as n ecessary in
u p at

t
le
f

the b ig

n n

un

32

PP E ND I X

to effect th is , to sli p the bri g s an hor a n d 30 fa thoms

of cha i n, an d a ls o to cu t t he ha w s er fro m th e Ro s e a n d

L i z z i e M o rd e w , s o that the hea d o f the f orm er v es s el


T h i rteen o f the
m ig ht be g o t i n th e rig ht di re cti o n
pl a i n tis w ere left o n bo a rd the bri g for t h e p ur p o s e o f
w orki n g at her p u mp s an d n av ig ati n g h er i n t o a p l a ce
of s af et

12 The Ro s e
w a s g ot u n der w eig h a t 1 a m o f
At
F ri da , the 4 th J u n e, a n d p roceeded f or the ri ver
h ig h w ater s he w a s an chored m i d w a b etw ee n th e Mapl i n
s t ro n g l
from
an d M ou s e L i g h ts , th e W i n d s ti ll blo w i n g
A bout 2 p m o f the s ai d 4 th d a y o f J u n e ,
the W S W
t he
Ro s e w as g o t u n der w eig h ag ai n , a n d at h ig h w at er
betw een S outhe n d an d th e Ch ap
a m e to a n chor mi d w a
m a n H e a d A t 2 a m o n the 5 th J u n e , the Ros e ag ain
p roceeded to G ra ves e n d Be a ch, w here s he w as a n hored
a bou t 10 a m
13 D uri ng all the p recedi n g tim e the p la i n ti ffs h a d
atte n ded t o t he p um p s a n d as s i s t ed i n n a i g ati n g the s h ip
O n her a rri va l i n G ra ves en d Rea ch , n di n g t h at s he ha d
ta ken u p , an d t heref ore requ i red les s p u m p i n g , a n d her
m as t er h a vi n g en g ag ed a t u g to to w her to L o n do n , the
p l a in tiffs , w ith hi s o n s en t , le ft t he vess el, s he b ei ng t he n
i n a p la ce o f s af et
f ollow ed the
14 O n e o f the s m a ck s ( the
S cout
Ro s e for the W hole di s ta n e u
p to G ra ves en d , i n order
to ta ke the pla in tiffs o u t o f the s hip , a n d to re n der a n y
a s si s ta n ce w h i ch m i g h t be requ i red

rem a i n ed long er o n the s an d, i t


15
H ad th e Ro s e
w ould h a ve bee n i m po s s i ble to g et her o ff, a s the ti des
w ere taki n g o ff, a n d s he m u s t h a ve beco m e a t otal w reck
duri ng the hea v w eather w hi ch en s ued, a n d all her c a rg o
w ou ld ha v e been los t
16 B y the a fores ai d s alv ag e s ervi e s , the p la i n ti ffs p re
s erved t he s a i d ve s s el a n d her c a rg o f ro m b e i n g s o lo s t

i s a s m a ck w ort h ( wi th her
17 The
D eerhou n d
betw een 5 00 an d 60 0, and w a s m a n n ed
ta ckle ,
The S ea L a rk i s o f a bout
w it h a cre w o f 6 h a n ds
th e s am e v a lue , a n d w as m a nn ed w it h a cre w o f 7 h a nds

i s w ort h a bout 5 00, a n d w a s m a nn ed


The B eula h

The
A cti ve i s w orth betw een
w ith a cre w o f 6 h an ds
re w o f 5 han ds
400 a n d 5 00 , a n d w as m an n ed w i th a

r
d
e
w
i s w orth a bout 6 00 , an d w a s
Liz z i e M o
The
The S cout i s w ort h
m an n ed wit h a cre w o f 5 h a n ds
a n d the
4 00, an d w a s ma nn ed w i th a cre w o f 7 h a n ds
I n cre as e i s w or th a t le as t 6 0 0 , a n d w a s m an n ed w i th
a re w o f 6 h an d s

Ro s e i s a b rig o f 2 5 2 to ns reg i st er, a n d i n


18 The
her da m ag ed co n ditio n w a s w orth a t lea s t 5 5 0 H e r
a rg o , i n clu di ng the f reig ht th ereo n , in the dam ag ed co n

or d er

y
-

PL E A D NG S

2 93

d i ti o n in w hi ch i t w as al ved w as w o rth 12 8 2
maki ng
a tota l v alue o f 18 32 5 8
19 The p l a i n ti ffs s ub mi t t ha t t he y a re e nti tled to the
su m o f 390, m e n ti o n e d i n the a f ores a i d ag ree m e n t, for
an d the de f en da n ts , the o w n ers o f th e
t hei r s ai d s er i c es

o
e
R s , are w i ll ing to pay t hei r prop orti o n th ereo f
A n d the sa i d L a nd N p ra y the Rig ht H o n o u rab le
the J udg e to aw a rd to t he p la i n ti ffs , i n re s p e ct o f
t h eir s ai d s erv i ces , the s u m o f 3 90, p urs u a nt to
th e s ai d ag ree m ent an d t o co n dem n the def eu
da n ts , a n d thei r b a il therei n or o ther w i s e, i n s u ch
o ther s u m as his L ords hi p m ay s ee fi t to aw ard to
th e p l ai n ti s f or t hei r s a i d s ervi ces , a n d to con
dem u the def en dants the ow n ers o f the carg o ,

n o w or l a tely l a d e n o n bo a rd t h e
Ro s e , in t he

l
a
cos ts o f t hes e p ro c eedi ng s , a nd that
i
n
t
i
f
l
s
p
f urther a nd o th erwi s e rig ht an d j u sti ce may b e
a d mi n is t ered i n the p re m i s es
d ay o f
D ated the
L &N
E C C
.

No tice of Te nde r

beha lf of D ef end a nts,


Ca rg o

on

the

ow ners of

T A K E NO TI CE , that I ha ve t hi s d a y pa i d to the cre d it o f


the Reg is tr a r o f this C ourt a t the B a n k o f E ng l an d , the
s u m o f o n e h u n d red a n d f orty ei g ht p ou n d s eig ht s hi ll i n g s ,
w h i ch am oun t I te n der to th e p la in ti ffs o n b ehal f o f the

o wn ers o f the ca rg o o f the Ros e, i n s atis fa cti o n o f t he


s ervi c es p ro c ee d ed for i n t h i s ca us e b y the s ai d p la i n ti ff s,
s o fa r as reg a rd s the s ai d ca rg o, t og et her w i th s u ch co s ts
( if an y ) as a re d u e b y l aw
d ay o f
D a ted the
T C ,

n
o
li
c
r
f
or
o
w
er
s
o
f
c
a
r
o
f
R
o
s
e
i
t
o
o
S
g
N
To M es s r s L
,

Rej ecti on of Tend e r led

on

beha lf

the Pla in tiis

f or the p la i nti ffs h ereb y rej ect the ten der


m a de b y M r C o n b ehalf o f the o w n ers o f the ca rg o p ro
cee d ed a g ain s t i n thi s s u i t a s i n s u f ci e nt
WE L
,

D a te d this

A n sw er l ed

on

beha lf

D ef en d a n ts , the owners

T C , s o li ci tor fo r M es si eur s L G B , o f
i n the
m er cha nts , an d J B , o f
.

Ca rg

y of

Ci t

PP E ND I X

ow n ers o f the carg o of the


bri g or vess el Ros e s om e o f the defe da nts i n
a n s w er to the p eti ti o n fil ed i n th i s cau s e
say s a s
follo ws
l A t a bout 3 a m o f the 2 n d o f J u n e 18 69 the b ri g
Ros e o f 2 5
3 to n s reg i st er or therea bou ts l a de n w it h a
d i ro n i n the p ro s ecuti o n o f a
ca rg o o f ba tte n s de al s
oyag e from G e fle to L o do n un der all pl a in s ai l s u d
d e nl y ca m e to the g rou d o n the G u n e e t S an ds betw een
the Upp er a n d L o w er M i ddle B u o ys thereo f
2 Th e w ea ther a t t h is ti m e w as n e b u t h az y an d the
w i n d w a s blo w i g li g htly fro m th e w es t s ou t h w es t the
t i de w a s ood a n d the s ea w a s s m oo th

3 The s a i ls o f the Ro s e w ere the n ba c k ed a n d a


kedg e an chor w i th a w a rp atta c hed to i t w a s ca rri ed o u t
from her an d attem pts w ere m a de to g et her a oa t thereb y
a n d thes e a ttem ts w ere u s u cce s s f ul a n d a t 6 a m o f th e
p
s a m e d a y her m s ter an d cre w p t he lo
g bo at a n d s pa re
s p ars overbo a rd
a n d p ro c eeded to s h if t a p orti o n o f her
deck loa d for wa rd a d to ma ke o ther p repa ratio s for

a
he vi g the Ros e
4 O n the en s ui g ood ti de the m a s t er a n d cre w o f the
Ro s e e n de oured b y m e a
a
s o f th e a fore sai d ked e
g
a n d w a rp to h ea ve her o ff b u t s he rem a i n ed fa s t
5
S om e o f th e p lai n ti ffs then c am e to the Ro s e an d
o ffered their as s i s ta n ce for th e s m o f 4 5 0 a n d refus ed to
Ro s e o ff ered o
a ccep t 15 0 w hi c h t he m a s ter o f th e
t
p ay t hem
6 The mas ter an d c rew o f the Ro s e
th en thre w
overbo a rd her deck loa d wi th the ex c ep ti on o f a b out 10 0
dea ls w hi ch w ere kept for w ard ; a n d up on the ood ti de
m a ki n g o n the m or n i n g o f the foll o w i n g the t hi rd d a y o f
sai d m o n th
the m as t er a n d crew o f t he Ro s e a g ai n
en deavoured to heave the Ros e a oa t
7 A t ab ou t 9 a m o f the s a m e d ay the p l ai nti ffs ag ai n
o ffered thei r as s is ta nc e to the Ros e b u t ref us ed to
re der an y s ervi c es w hate ve u n les s a nd u ntil the m as t er
o f the Ros e m ade an d en tered i nto the ag reem en t s et
ou t i n the 10 th arti c le o f th e sai d p etiti on
8 A fter the p la i ntiffs ha d s o a s a fores ai d i n du c ed the
m aster o f the Ros e to s ig n th e s ai d ag ree m e n t t w o o f
R s
o e w ere b e t o n e to the ot her
the h a w s ers o f the
a n d taken to o ne o f th e s m a ck s o f th e p la i n t i ffs a n d t here
After th is o n e o f the b o w er a n chors o f the
s ecured
Ros e w i th 90 fa thoms o f ca ble
w as c a rri ed o u t an d
dropp ed i n a s outh w es terly di recti o n from the Ro s e
a n d u p o n the ood t i de m ak i n g
the win d la ss es o f t he
Ros e an d o f the afores ai d S m a ck w ere m a n n ed a n d
b y m ean s o f the s a m e a n d o f the a fores a i d b o w er an ch or

h
e
R
o
s
e
w as s hortly a fter 5 p m o f the s ai d 3rd d ay
t
Lo n don , merch a nts , the

an

PL E A D I NG S .

o f J u n e h ove a oat The haw s ers fas t to the s ai d s ma ck


w ere t he n c u t a n d t he bo w er a n c hor o f t he
Ro s e w a s
s l ipp ed t o et her w i th a bout 3 0 fatho m s o f ch a i n
; a d the
g
Ro s e w a s g o t c lea r o f the G u n e e t S a n ds a n d b rou g ht
u p b y a n o t her o f her a chors a t a bout 6
p m o f t he s ai d
day
A n u m ber o f the p la i nti ff s a d thei r s m a cks the n
left the Ro s e

9 A l thoug h the co n di ti o n o f the


Ro s e w as t he s uch
th a t her m as t er a n d cre w c o u ld a lo n e h a ve s ai led her in
s a f e t y to L o n do n
the pl a i n ti ffs i n duced the mas t er o f
t he
Ro s e to a llo w 13 o f t hei r n u m ber to re m ai n o n
b o a rd he
10 The
Ro s e re m ai ed at a n chor u til 1 a m o f the
4 th d ay o f the s ai d m o t h w he n the ood ti de m a k i g
s h e w e ig h ed a d m a de s ai l an d p roceeded to w ork u
for
p
the ri ver Th a m es
T hi s the Ro s e co ti n ued do i ng
u nti l it beca m e h ig h w a ter w he n s he a n chored betw ee
th e Ma pl in a d H o m e L ig ht ve s s els
U po n the ood ti de
a ai n m aki n
g
g o n the s a m e d a y a n d w hi ch i t d i d a t a bou t

2 p m
Ro s e w as g o t u n der w ei g h a n d ag a i n
the
w orked u p f or th e ri ver u til h i g h w a ter w he n s h e w a s
a n chored bet w ee
S out he n d a n d the C h ap m a n H e a d
11 A t a bou t 2 a m o f the 5 th o f the s a i d m o n th the
Ro s e
a g ai n g o t u n der w a y
a n d w as w orked u
p to
G ra ves e d Re a ch w h ere s h e a rri ved a t a bout 9 a m o f
s ai d d a y
The Ro s e t he n a chored a n d the a fore s a i d
t h i rt ee n o f the p la i n tiffs t hen left her
12 The Ro s e w as a ft er w a rds o n the s a i d d ay to w ed
b y a st e a m t g f ro m G ra ves en d Re a c h t o the S urre y
C o mm erci a l D ock s for w hi c h to w ag e o f the Ro s e the
s u m o f 5 h a s bee n p a i d
13 D uri n g a ll th e ti m e a f ores a i d th e w e ath er w a s ne
w i th lig h t p rev a i li g w i ds f ro m the s outhw a rd a n d w es t
w a rd a n d the ti de s w ere i n c re a s in g
14 No m ate ria l da ma g e w a s s us ta i n ed b y the
Ro s e
th roug h h av i n g g roun ded as af ores ai d
Ros e w hil e s he l ay ag rou n d o n the G u n eet
15
Th e
S a n d a n d w he s he c a m e o f the s a m e a n d s ubs eque n tly
du ri g her p as s ag e to G raves e n d Reac h m ade b u t a very
s m a ll qu a n ti ty o f w a t er w hi ch her o w n p u m ps w orked b y
her o w n cre w c ould h a ve di s ch a rg ed f ro m her
Ro s e
to
16 T he a s s i s t a n ce if a n y requi red b y the
h a ve g o t h er o ff fro m the G u n e e t S a n d could ha ve been
ren dered b y o ne o f the s ma cks o f th e pla i n ti ffs a n d the
cre w thereo f b u t the p l a i n tiff s as they s tated i n a c cord
i s i s ted o n the
an c e w i th a rule e xi s tin g am o n g t he m
o f all the s mac ks a n d thei r cre ws then
e m p lo y m e n t
n ea r
17 A t the ti me o f the a for es ai d s ervi c es the s ai d b rig
Ro s e
w as o f the v a lue o f 630 an d the am ou nt o f
.

PPE ND I X

fr eig ht payab le on a ccoun t of the tran s p o tati on o f th e


s ai d car 0 w as to w i t the s u m o f ab out 200

18 T e ca rg o o f the
o
e
Rs
w as of the v a lue o f
12 67
19 The n o w p lea di n g de f en dan ts s u b mit th a t the s ai d
s u m o f 390 w as a n d i s a n exorb itan t s u m f or th e p l a i n ti f s
f
to dema nd, a n d th at t he s ai d a reemen t w as n ot a n d i s
n ot u n d er the ci rcu m s t an ce s a o e me nti o n ed b i n di n g
.

d def e dan ts
20 S a ve a s here i be fore s tated the alleg ati o n s con
tai n ed i n the p eti ti on o f the p l a i n ti f s fi led i n thi s c au s e
ar e u ntrue
2 1 The n ow plea di n g de f en d a nts h a e leg al l y te n dere d
to the p lai nti ffs the s um o f 14 8 8 8 f or an y s ervi ces
w hatever w h i ch th ey m ay h a e re n dered to the ca rg o o f
the
Ro s e
A nd the s ai d
C p rays the Rig ht H on ourab le the
J udg e to p ro n ou ce f or th e s u ffi ci e cy o f t he
af ores ai d te der m a de b y the o w n ers o f t he c a rg o
of the s a i d brig Ros e an d to di s m is s t hem
fro m this s uit a n d to c on d emn the p lai n tiffs i n
costs an d th at other wi s e rig ht and j u sti ce be don e
i n the p remi s es
D at e d the
d ay o f
o

up n

the

s ai

T C
.

H F P
.

Rep ly

Co nclu s io n fi led

beha o
f the Pla i n tzjs
L
N , s oli citors for the p la in tiffs , i n rep ly to
the an s w er o f the def en da n ts , the o w n ers o f th e
ca rg o, no w or latel y laden o n b oa rd the s hip or
ess el Ros e, fur t her say as fol lows
1 Th e s tatemen ts c o nt a i n ed i n the s ai d a ns w er, s o far
a s the y d i er f ro m the a lleg a ti o n s c on ta in i n the
p etiti o n ,
a nd
.

'

on

rue

are u n t

A n d the s ai d L an d N pra y th e Rig ht Ho n oura ble


the J udg e to p ro n ou n ce ag ai n st the ten der m a de
i n thi s cau s e, an d s ay th at th ey do n ot lea d
p
further , a n d p ra y th at the pleadi ng s may be
.

con cluded
D ated the
d ay o f
.

E C C
.

COUNTY COURT F ORMS


NO

Prae cipe to I n s ti tu te

to

A d m i ra l ty J u is d i c i

of

u t
I n the C ou n ty C o m
hold en a t
'

t orn ey

:1

S uit

f or

t t

h e e b y i n s tit u t e a s u it
[s a e
the n a u e of the s u i J o n b e h al o f [s a e na m e, a dd es s , a n d
w ne s b e
d es cr ip i o n of p l a i n if ] ag a i n s t [if the w ne
w ne
w n ers u n n w nof the p
n w n , s ta te the
n ot
pe y
w hi ch the su i
ela es , d es c ib i ng i ts na m e a n d n a u e a n d
w he e i t the n is ; if n w n , s a e na m e, a dd ess , a n d d esCri p
ceed ed a g a i ns , the na me a n d n a u e of the
i n of p a y p
w hi c h the s u i
ela es , a nd w he e i t i s , ] i n t h e
p pe y
n s en t th a t
A nd I
s u m o f [s a e s um i n le e s ] p u n ds
u m en t s i n th e s a i d s u it m a y b e l e ft
a ll i n s tru m e n ts a n d d
fo r m e a t [s a e a dd es s equ i ed by G en e a l O d e No
[a dd , w he e so d es i ed , an d I requ i re the s umm n s to b e
th e c u rt]
s erve d b y t h e b a il iff
d ay
18
D a t e d th e
his c le
( To be s ig n ed by the p a y, his a rney
f or hi m )

t r
t

at

k o

t
t

to
r
to

tr t

rt
ro r t to

ro

t t
t t
r

k o

r
r

t t

o
k o

r or o
r

t t
t
tr t
tt r o

oc

of

t r

co

r o rt
t r

of
rt

r
r or o

r r
o

tt o

or

rk

No

Praecipe for Pe rm is s io n fo r S u i t to
a t a S p ecia l Place
'

be heard

A dm i ra lty J u ri s d i cti on

o u n t y C o u rt o f

I n the C
h l d en

at

S uit )
I, X Z , a tt orney , d o pra y tha t p ermi s s i o n m ay b e
g ran te d for the h ea ring o t his s u it ( here s a e the n a m e of
the p la ce a t w hi c h a nd d es cri p i on of the b u i l d i ng i n w hi c h i t
is d es i red ha the s i in g s hou ld be held , a n d if the bu i ldi ng
is n ot on e i n w hi ch the c ou n y c o u r o rd in a ri ly s i s , a d d ,
a n d I u n d ert ak e t o hire the u se o
the s a i d b u il d i n g at m y
e xp en se , t o b e a ll o w e d as co s ts i n th e s u i t if th e c o u r t s ha ll
a ll o w the re o f)
D a t e d t his
da y o
18
( To be s ig n ed by the p a r y his a o r n ey o r hi s c ler k
f or him )

t t

t t

t
t

tt

tt

A PPE ND

No 6

IX

Notice of S ureties
A dm i ra l ty J u ris d i c ti on
.

I n the Co u n t y C ou rt
h ol d e n at

of

f Su i t )

( Ti le

o ti ce that the su reties W h o m I prop o s e i n the


a b o ve s u it ar e here s ta te the n a mes a nd a dd i t i on s of the
[
s u re ti es w het her hou se kee ers or f reeho ld ers
a nd t hei r re
p
s id ene s s for the las t s ix m on ths t her ein men ti o ni ng the c ou n ty
o r c i ty p la ces s tree ts a n d nu mber s if a ny ]
D a te d the
18
da y o f
To A B [the p a r ty i n whose
Take

tt t

beha lf the su i is i ns i u ed ],
or C
D , the a tto rn e y of
A B [the, Joe )
.

No 7
.

A i davit o f J u s ti catiou

A d m i ra lty J u risd i c ion


I n the C o u n t y Cour t
h ol d en at

[s ta te

of

( Ti tle of Su i t )
.

d es crip i o n], on e of the pro


pos ed sur e ti e s i n t hi s s u it , mak e o a th a nd say , tha t I am
w orth m ore t han the s u m o f [s a e the su m i n le ers i n
w hi ch ba it i s to be g i ven] p o u n ds after the pa y me n t o f all
my d eb ts
I

na m e, a ddr es s , a n d

t t

0 n th e
day of
w as d u l y s w orn to th e
Befo re m e

No

18

tt

( Si g na tu re of
the

tru th of this
Bail Bon d

sa

af

id

r ty )

su e

davit,

at

A dm i ra l y J u ri s di c ion

I n the C oun t y C o u rt o f
hol d en a t
( Ti le of Su i )
W hereas a s u it for
has b een ins titu t ed i n this
cou rt o n b ehalf of A B o f
a g a ins t
Now the refore w e [s a te na mes , a d d res ses , a nd d es m p
i on of s u reties ] , j oi n tl y an d s e v erall y s u b mit ours el ves to
the j u ris d i c ti o n of the s a id co urt a n d c o nse n t tha t if he
s hall no t p ay w ha t m a
[or they ], the s aid
y be
ad j u dg ed a g a in s t him [ or t hem] i n the s aid s u it, w ith
c os ts, exe c u ti o n may i s s u e forth ag ains t u s, o u r heirs ,

C U NTY C

O URT FO RMS

oo ds and chattel s fo r
a s u m n o t e x c ee d i n
g [s ta te s u m i n le tters ] p o u n d s
( Sig n a t u res of su ret ies )
The b a il b o n d w as s ig n ed b y the s ai d
an d
t he s ur etie s t he
d ay of
18
B e fo re me
Reg is trar o f the C o u rt
or o ne of his c l erk s
e xecu

t ors

a nd

i i t t o rs

ad m n s ra

ou r

No

to e n te r a n A ppe aran ce
A d mira lty J u ri d i c t i o n
C o u n t y Court of
10

Praecipe

I n the
h o ld en

at

Su i t )
I R S a tt orn e y h ereb y en ter a n appearance on b eha lf
[s ta te na me ad d res s a n d des crip ti on of p a r ty ] i n the s u it
fo r [s ta te na tu re of su i t] w hi ch h as b e en i n s tit u ted i n t his
co u rt o n b e hal f o f [s t a te na m e a d d res s a nd d es cri p t i on of
a ai ns t s t a t e a a i ns t w hom the su i t i s i ns ti t u t ed ]
g
[
g
A n d I c o s e n t tha t all ins t ru m e n ts a d d o cu men t s i n the
s ui t m ay b e l eft for m e at s ta t e a dd res s req
u ir ed by G en era l
[
,

( Ti t le of

O rd er, N o
D a te d th e
.

( To be

No

s i g n ed

li

day

of

by the d efend a n

Praecipe fo r

his

ttorn y

W arran t

A d mi ra lty J u ris d i c i o n

of

or

his

cler k

E xecutio n

[Sea l ]
I n the C ou nt y C o ur t
hold en a t

of

( Ti tle of Su i t )
d o requ i re a w a rra n t
.

S B

is s u e

atto rn e

i t

a g a ns

th e g

oo ds

of

c ti o n

o f e xe u

to

w ho w as

of

cre e o f thi s Cou rt o f the


d ay o f
18
to p ay t o the p l ain tiff or m y s elf a s his a tt o rn e y th e
s u m of
p o u n ds for [here i ns er t f or wha t the s u m w a s
ordered t o be p a id] and who has not pa id the s aid s u m a s
so ord ere d
18
Da t e d the
day of
o rd ere d

by de

( Sig

natu re o

a ttorn ey

No

18

PP E ND I X

e e

Pra c ip fo r p ayin g in M
A d mir a l ty J u ri sd i cti on

the C

holden

ou nty
at

Co ur t

o n ey

of
f S uit )

of
do p ay the s u m
[ s ta te su m
le tters] p ou n ds i n t o C o u rt in t hi s s u it a t the reques t an d
b y the a u thority o f
b e h a vin g a g reed to pay [or
ten der] the s a m e i s ettlem en t o f the cla im o f the p lai n tiff
[or a s the ca se m a y be]
D at ed the
d ay o f
18
( To be si g ned by the p a r ty hi s a ttorn ey o r hi s clerk
I, A

B,
.

for

him

F EE S

30 1

FEE S
TO

BE

E NG L A ND ,
T

FFI

TH E

BY

H G H CO URT O F A D M RA L TY O F
O
RA C T T O NE RS
C E RS A ND

T A KE N I N TH E

E RE N

I I

S CH E D U LE I

Fees to be ta ken by the O cer s a n d to be co llected by m ea ns


of A d m i r a l ty Co u r t S ta m p s
,

I n the

Reg is try

I
C

3
4
5

On

every p r

ci p e

rr

w a ant
et a i n

0 O
0 1C
1 O
0 1C

or citati o n

d
er
relea s e
comm is s i o

m o n i ti o n, de cree , re
qu is i ti on , atta c hm en t or other
i n s tru m e n t f or w hi c h a f ee i s n ot
s p eci a ll y p rov i ded
b a i l bo n d
a f d a v i t o f j u s ti ca ti o n

, 9

ae

o
c
o
c

n,

3 ,

S,

ubpoen a
mi n ut e i n cludi n g th e en try o f the
order if a ny
i n cludin g the e n try o f
s umm o n s
t he judg e s or Reg is tra r s order
n o ti c e o f s a le or n o ti ce o f p roce e d
i n g s i n a c a u s e o f p o s s es s i o n
n o t i ce o f m o ti o n i n cludi ng the en
t y o f t he judg e s order
n o ti c e to h a ve a ca u s e p l a ced o n
the li s t for hea ri n g in cludi n g the
entry o f j udg e s order i f the caus e
he b y defa ult
ditto ditto if the ca u s e b e con tes ted
o ti ce to h a ve a ref eren ce pl ac ed o n
the li s t for he ar i n g
O n w ri ti n g for the a tt en da n ce of Trini ty
m ast ers a t th e h earin g o f a n y c a u s e
0 u th e ex a m i na ti o n o f a n y W i tn e s s es v i va
vo c e either i n court or b ef or e the Reg is
t ra r
s

9,

0 10

O
O
C

0
Q 6
N 6
O 0

ll

0 10

O
O

0 10
2 0
.

0
0

0 10

0 10

0 10

0 10

, 9

2,

16
17

PP E ND I X

d
I
0

dmi i st eri ng an o ath for ea ch dep on ent 0


a f x i n
h
e s e a l o f th e c our t to a n y i n
t
g
0 w
s t rum e t or pa rch m e n t
0
2 0 Dit to di tto to a y ot her docum e t
2 1 O n every p lea d i g co clu s i o n p roo f noti ce
ag reem e n t or o t her docu m e n t o n t he s am e
bei ng led s a ve a n exh ibi t or a ny i ns tru
m e n t or docu m e t p rev i ou s l y i s s ued from
0 5
th e reg i s tr y or th e m a rs h a l s o f ce
in cludi g the ma rki n g
22 O n ever y exh i bi t
0 l
thereo f
2 3 F or every o i ce cop y o f a docu m en t i n the
E n g li s h la g u a g e p er s h eet n o t ex c eedi n g
t en foli o s i n cludi n g th e Reg is t ra r s s ig na
0 5
t ure
24 If requi red to be coll ated i n t he Reg is tr y p er
s hee t n o t exceedin g te n fol i o s i n a ddi ti o n
O 2
to the a bove
25
F o r o f c e copi es o f p a p ers i n a f orei g n l a
g u ag e or o f s horth a n d w rit ers or rep ort ers
or of a bs tra cts or t ra ns l atio ns m a de
n o te s
i the Reg is try i n a ddit i o
to t he a bove
fees the charg e of th e copyis t s hort ha n d
w rit er rep ort er or tra s lator
26 O n colla tin g orig i na l docu m e ts w i th the
p roo f s heets o f p ri nt ed m atter if d o n e w ith
a clerk or clerk s o f th e p roctor or p roct ors
p er s heet dem y o f p ri n ted m at ter w het her
o f four p ag e o f foli o or eig h t p ag es qu rto 0 10
2 7 I f do e w holl y i n the Reg is try p er s heet
l 0
de m y
5
2 8 O a ref ere n ce to th e Reg is tra r
5
2 9 I f the a tten da ce o f o e or tw o m er ch a n ts i s
required to ea ch merch a nt
5
5
30 I n c as e s o f g rea t in t ri ci ty a n d l a rg e a mo n t
th e Reg i s tra r a d to ea ch m erch a n t
10 0
3 1 W he n the a ccou t s to be i n ve s tig a t ed do n o t 2 2
a m ou t to
to t he Reg is t rar a n d to
to
ea ch m erch an t
5
3 2 W he t he a ccou n ts to b e i n ve s tig a t ed do n o t H 1
a m ou n t to 10 0 L to the Reg i s t ra r a n d to
to
ea ch m erc h a t
Q
3
33 O n dra wi n g t he rep or t an d s chedule i n c as e s
i n w h i c h the cla i m excee d s 10 0 l
l
0
34 D i tto di tto w here the clai m does n o t ex c eed
18

On
0n

6
0

'

100l
O n ta i ng an y b i
i n g ten
t he ta a ti n

0 10

35

x
exceed
x

ll of co sts p er s heet not


f olio s from each p ar ty to
,

FE E S

30 3
.

36

bil l o f co s ts p er s heet n o t
exceedi ng t e n folio s if b u t o e p arty a t
t en ds t he ta x ati o n
O n a recei va ble order
O n a receip t f or m o ey or f or pa p er s
O every order f or p a y m e n t o f m o n e y ou t o f
th e Reg i s t ry
Pou n dag e o m o n ey s p a i d ou t o f the Reg i s tr y
i n a n y ca u s e i f the s u m does n o t ex c eed

O n ta xi ng

a ny

37

O 10
O 2
C 2

0
6
6

40

5 0L
s
b ut
s n ot
4 1 D i tt , di tt , if i t
100 l
s 100 L, b u t
D i tt , i tt , if it
s not
2 0 01
a
i t i n a 10 0 l
F or
o n t he t an s
N0 p n ag i s p a a b
m t h e R g is t
m n
to th e n a a p iz e
a
n t,
o n t a n s m i tt i n g i t t o the C
t
A pp a i n p s a n
a m n i ti n
F m a p s n w ho i s n o t a p a t i n the
45
t , n or th e
a s , n o r hi s p
the
a m in i n g t he c u t b
t , on
s in
p
.

o
o
ex c eed
doe
exceed
o d o
ex c eed
doe
exceed
every dd o l
ou d e
y le
r fer of
o ey fro
e ry
v l r
ccou or
r
our
of
e l
ur u c e o f
o o
ro
er o
ry
c u e
roc or
clerk of
roc or
ex
o r ook
res p ect o f y ca us e
O n ex a mi n i ng t he docu m e n ts in a c a u s e i n
a nd
w hi c h
o p roceedi n g s a re p e n di n g
w h i ch ha s bee n t ermi a ted wi th i n th e la s t
t w o y ea rs
D i tt o di tt o i f b ey o d t h a t p eri od
A tte n da ce a t t he b an k t o recei ve d i v i de n ds
t ra ns fer s ell or p urch as e s tock or e x ch e
quer bil ls or co n vert bi ll s of e x c h a ng e for
s u i t o rs
A tt e n dan c e o f a clerk ou t o f th e p ro f ess i o
or i n a ny cour t o f la w or equ i ty bes i des
t he exp e s es o f t ra velli ng f or every d a y
O n every app o i n tm en t of a s t an di n g co mm is
s i o e to t a ke ba i l
O n every a pp o i n t m e n t o f a s ta n di ng c o m
m is s i o n er t o ad m i i s t er o a th s i A d m i ra lty
O n l i ng a cl a i m f or rep a y m e nt o f t he exce ss
o f w ag es p ai d to a s u b s ti tut e h i red i n the
p la c e o f a volu nt eer i to the Roy al Na y
i n clu di n g co p y s en t to the A dm i ra lty
O t he o pi ni o n o f the Reg is tra r o b j e cti n g to
th e cla i m
O
C rti c a t e orderi n g p a ym e n t o f a m o u t
due i cludi ng t he copy t o be s en t to the
A cc oun ta n t G e era l o f t he Na v y
0 n reg i s t eri ng p o w er o f a ttorn ey f or a Q uee n s
.

C 10

0
10

0
0

2
5

6
O

10

0 10

IO

an

46

48

O
C

49

n,

5 0

5 1

5 22

5 3

5 4

A PPE ND

IX

h ip g en erall y an d copy thereo f for S om er


s e t H ou s e
O n reg i s t eri ng di tto s p e ci all y
Pou n da g e o n m o i e s p a i d to the Na va l Pri z e
A ccou n t th e s a m e a s o n p a y m en t o f m o n i es
ca u s es
ou t o f the Reg i s try i
n a v a l p ri z e m att ers
O n ta xi n g a ccou n ts i
the s a m e a s o ta x i ng b i lls i ca u s es
O n w riti ng lett ers i n reg a rd to n a a l p ri z e
m atters
O n letter s p at en t to a v i ce a dmi ra l or judg e
o f a V i ce A dmi ralty C ourt i s s ued u n der
s e a l o f t he c o u rt bes i de s the s tam p duty
s

5 6
5 7

1 1
0 10

0
0

0 10

2 10

2 10
2 0

0
0

0 5
2 O
0 10

0
0
0

0 5
0 10

0
0

0 10

5 8

5 9

60

61

if an y
Di tto , ditto , to a n a dvoc a te , Reg i s trar , or
i ce A d mi r a lt
C ourt, b e
m a rs h a l o f a
s i des th e s ta mp dut , if a n y
O n ever a pp oi n tm en t o f a coron er

62

I n the M a rs ha l s Oi ce

O n every p rae cip e


O n the executi o n o f e ery w a rran t
O n the exe c uti o n o f every ci tati o n i n r em
O n the executi o n o f ever y atta ch m en t, f or
every p ers on atta ched
67 O n the executi o n o f every de cree or comm i s
s i o n o f u n l i ver y , a pp ra is em e nt , or s a le
68 O n the e xecut io n o f an y o ther i n strum en t f or
w h i ch a f ee i s n o t s p eci al l y p rov i ded
69 O n atten di n g , a ppo in ti ng , a n d s w e a ri n g ap

63
64
65
66

70

p ra i s ers
O n deli veri n g

or g oods to the p ur
ch as er ag reeabl y to th e i n ven tory
O n a tt e din g the u l i ver y o f the carg o or
s a le o f s h i p or g ood s p e r d ay
O n ret ai i n g p o s s e s s i o n o f a s hi p or o f a s h ip
an d g oods to i n clude th e c o s t o f a s h ip
k eep er if requi red per d a y
O every rep ort as to the s u f ci e n c y o f s ureti es
I f the m a rs ha l or an y o f hi s s ubs tit utes is
requ i red to o a g reater di s tan ce t h an v e
m i les fro m is of ce to p erform an y o f
t he a bove du ti es h e w i ll be en ti tled t o
hi s rea s o na ble ex p e ns es f or tra ellin g
b o a rd a n d m a i nten a n ce
Poun dag e o n the proceeds o f a n y ess el or
g oods s old u n der the decree o f the court
i f the s ame do n ot ex c eed 5 OL
up

s hip

71

73
74

75

FE E S

30

8
l
l
.

76
77

E x c ee di n g 5 0 L b u t not ex c eed in g 100l


F o r every a ddi ti on a l 1001 or p art th ereo f
.

d
0 0
0 0

II
a n d Commis s i o ne rs f or

S C H E D U LE
F ees to be ta ken by E xa mi ne rs

th

o w n us e

exami nin g w itn es s es i d voce o a 2 2


to
p lea d i ng a ccordi ng to the le ng t h o f t im e
occupi ed per d ay
4 4
If the ex a m i a ti o n tak es pl a c e a t a g re ater
dis ta c e th an three m iles from the G en eral
Po s t O f ce L o n do n the ex a mi n er or com
mi s s i o er w ill be en ti tled i n a dditi o n to
his prop er a n d rea s o n a b le exp en s es f or tra
elli n g b oa rd an d m a i n te na n ce
F o r dra wi n g a n d e n g ro s s i ng a ret urn o f the
w i tn e s s es t o be ex ami ed i n L o n do n
l l
D itto ditt o o f the wi t n es s e s ex a mi n ed u n der
a c o mmis s i o n
l
1
O n t a kin g b a i l w h eth er u n der a s tan din g or
S p e ci al c o mmi s s i o n
l
l
For

z' z

S C H E D UL E

I II

F ees to be ta ken by P r a cti ti on ers f or their


A ttend a n ces

ow n u s e

A tt en da n e i n the Reg is tr , ll in g u p an d
leavi n g p rae ip e
S u b s equ en t a tte n d a n ce on ob ta i n i n g a n i n
s t rum e n t f or w hi h th e
p rae i p e w as r e
qu i red , i n cl u di n g th e g ettin g o f th e s e a l
o f the co ur t a f xed
A tte n d a n ce in the Reg i str , li n g a n y do u
m e n t or i n st ru m e n t
A tt en da n ce i n the Reg is tr , li n g n oti e o f
m oti on
A tt en da n ce i n th e Reg i s tr , p ro uri ng a a u s e
to b e s et do wn i n t he l is t f or hea ri n
g

A tt en da n ce in the m a rs h al s o f e, lli ng u p
p rae ip e, a n d lea i ng wi t h hi m a n y i n s tru
m e n t requi red to b e s er ed b y hi m
tt e nd a n ce o n
ou ns el, lea vi ng w ith him a
as e, p le a d i ng or b r i e f, an d p a in
g hi m his
fee thereon , i f the fee do n ot exceed o n e
g ui n e a
I f a bo e one g u i n e a, b u t n ot ex ee di ng v e
g uin eas

A PPE ND

IX

9 If ab o e ve g u i n eas , b u t n ot ex eedi ng ten


g u i n eas
10 A n d for ever a dditi on al ten g u i n eas , or p a rt
th ereo f
11 A tten dan e at a o n f eren e
12 Di tto, at a o n s ulta ti o n
13 A tten dan e, s ervi n g n oti e or s u mm on s o n
a d ers e
op o f s u h
p ro t or, i n lu di n g
n o ti e or s u mm o n s
l 4 A tt en dan e o n a d ers e pro tor, s er i n g him
w i th an y op i es o f p le a di n g s or a f d a i ts
15
A tten da n ce at the of ce o f a p ub li c journ a l ,
p rocur in g the i ns erti on o f an a d erti s e
m en t
l 6 A tt en da n e b efore the judg e in h ambers ,
o n a m ot i o n or s u m m o n s
17 A tt en da n ce on a m oti o n in court
18 A tt en dan e i n
ou rt at the heari ng o f a
aus e , a cordi n
g to the ti m e o upi ed , p er
.

c y

Ey

cc

c u e by def ul
e d ce o
e
ruo
o for
ex
o
e d ce
ex
o of
e e
ere
ro c or
ed
cou el
ccord
e occu ed
o d o here
ex
o
duc ed by
ro c or lo e
ord
e occu ed
requ red
beyo d hree le fro
e er l o O c e
e d
o
e e
re o ble ex
e e o f r vel
o rd
e
ce ll be llo ed
dd o
e
ce before
e r r or efor
e r r
erc
refer
e c e c c or
e o cc u ed

19 I f the a s b e
a
t
2 0 A tt n an
u p n a w i tn ss , taki n g i ns t
ti n s
his
a m i na ti n
2 1 A tt n an
a m i n ati n
w itn s s s ,
at the
wh
i s as s i st
by
ns
the p
t
,
a
i ng to the tim
pi , p er d a y
2 2 Di tt , i tt , w
a mi n ati n i s co n
the
t
the p
t
a
n , a cc
in g to
the tim
p i , p er d a y
23 I f
mi s
i
m the
to g o
n
t
G n a P s t f , to a tt n
the e xa m i
n a ti n o i w i tn ss s , th e
as n a
li n g , b a , an d m ai n t
t a
p ns s
n an
a
i n a i ti n
wi
w
,
24 A tt nd an
the R g i s t a ,
b
e
the R g i s t a an d m
ha n ts , o n a
n
a
din g to the ti m
,
pi , p er
.

d ay

25

26

If

coun s el atten d the h ea ri ng o f the ref eren ce

ccou nts to b e i n ves tig ated do n o t


exceed 300l a s mall er fee s hall b e all o w ed
at t he d is cretio n o f the Reg i s tr a r
A tte n dan c e on ta xi n g a bi ll o f co s ts p er
s heet n ot ex c eed in g te n f ol i o s
A ll o ther n eces sa r y a tte n da n c es
e i th er
before the ju dg e i n c ham b ers before the
Reg i s trar or a commi ss i on er or up o n the
Wh ere the

28

mD

me
o

O
O

w
w

m
a

w O

e
n

o
O

N
)

B
H

o
o

o
O
C
O

FE E S

30 7

d e rs e party or p ro ctor a n d for w hi ch a


fee has no t b een s p e ci a ll y p rovi ded
a

I ns tru cti ons

2 9 I n s tru ti o n s f or an y p etiti o n or an s w er
3 0 I n s t ruc ti o ns f or a n y re pl , rejo i n der, or
s equen t p lea di ng
3 1 In s tructi o ns f or an y S p eci a l af da i t
.

P lea d i ng
.

33

36
37

s a nd

0
3

m
D
(

A id a mts
'

foli o

rep l y or s ub s equen t pl ea di ng
ex c eedin g te n foli os
If
in g ten f oli os for e er y a dditi on a l
fex
olicoeed
D ra w in g a n d en g ro ss in g th e con clu s i on
D raw in g an y a ffi da vi t if n ot ex c eedi n g ve
foli os
If exceedi n g ve foli o s for every a ddi ti on a l
f oli o
D ra w i n g e g ro s s i ng a n d s w e a rin g any ath
da vi t i n veri c ati o n o f the s ervi ce o f a n y
s um m o ns n o ti c e &c
b es i des the f ee p ai d
o n b ei n g s w orn
D ra wi ng an y n oti ce o f m o ti o n
D ra w i n g a n y b ri ef ca s e f or h ea rin g b ill o f
co s ts or o ther do c u m e n t n ot be fore s p e ci
ed p er foli o
Peru s in g a n d a b s tra cting a y p le a di n g a i
davit or oth er doc um en t led i n the c a us e
p er f oli o
r

su b

D rawi n g a ny p etiti o n , or ans w er, if n ot ex


cee di n g t w en ty f o li o s
If ex c eedin g tw e n ty foli os , f or e er y a d di
ti o n a l
D a wi n g
if n ot

35

32

an y

O 10

O
O

H O
G W

39

O
O

c opi es o f every plea di ng ai davi t


or other proo f and o f a ny d o cu m en t to be
l ed a d le ft i n the reg is t ry in cludin g the
ca reful l y coll ati ng the s am e p er foli o
E v ery o th er cop y o f an y do c um en t p er foli o
C oll a tin g an y c op y p er foli o
C orre cti g th e p res s p er s heet demy w hether
o f fou r p ag es foli o or eig ht pag es q uar to
L etters M es s eng ers d c
4 7 E v er y n e c essa r y letter du ri ng the d ep en
den c e o f the cau s e
N E No fee to b e all o wed for p eru s in g l etters
43

E ng r o s s e d

O
G
O

PP E ND I X

48

fee for letters m ess en g ers &c duri ng


each term in w hi ch an y b us i n es s is do n e

Term

S CH E DU LE IV

s.

0 l5

F ees to be ta ken by the P r a cti ti o ners , for the us e


P ers ons

f other

C ou ns el s C ler ks

ex ceed as un der
Up o n a f ee to cou n s el u n der 5 g u i n eas
5 g ui eas an d un der 10 g uin ea s
10 g ui n eas an d u n der 2 0 g ui n e a s
20 g u i n eas a n d u n der 30 g ui n e a s
30 g u in eas a n d u n der 5 0 g ui n ea s
5 0 g ni m a s a n d up w ards f or e ery
p ai d
0 n c o ns ultati o ns
S en i or s clerk
Ju n i o r s clerk
0 n g en era l retai n er
0 n c omm o n retain er
O n co nf ere n ce
Not to

Q
O
O
O
O

O N
O O
O
O
n
O
W
H O
n

g ui n ea

Wi tness es E xPenses

0
5

N 6
N 9

0
0

A ll o w an c e to w i tn es s es , i n cludi n g th ei r b oard
a n d lodg i n g , a s betw een p a rt y a n d p a rt y
Co mm on w itn e ss es , a s la bour ers , jo u r
n ey m en , s a i lors , &c , doc
If re quire d t o co m e a dis ta n c e n ot
e xceedi n g v e mi les , p er di em
I f a g rea ter di stan ce, per di em
M as ter t ra des m en , y eom en , far mers ,
mas t ers an d ma tes o f vess els , &c
If re qui re d to c om e a. dis tan ce n ot
ex c eedi ng ve mi les , per di em
Bank ers , m ercha n ts , p ro f es si on al men,
n otari e ,
eng i n eers , an d s u r eyors,
and
a u cti o n e ers ,
accoun tan ts ,
&c ,
p er di em
C lerks to b an kers , m erch an ts , p ro i es
s i onal m e n , a n d o th ers :
I f r equ i red t o co m e a di s tan c e n ot
e xceedi ng v e mi le s ,
p er di em
I f a g reater dis tan ce, p er di em
Es qu i res a nd g en tlem en , p er di em
.

10

0 10
l
1
I l

6
0
0

FE E S
I

30 9

:6

cc or di ng to s t a ti o n in l ife
I f requ ir e d to c ome a d is ta ce n o t
e x c e e di ng ve mil e s p e r di e m

F em a l e s

If

reat er di s t an ce

t ra vell in g

The

p er di e m

e xp e n s e s

of

w i tn e s s es
d i n g to the

ccor
ab l y an d a c t u a lly p ai d
c as e s hall t here b e an
fo r s u ch e xp en s es o f

s hall

be

s um s

reas o n

a ll o w e d

b ut in no
all o w a n e
m o r e t ha n l s

p er mil e

P ri n ti ng

one

w ay

x ce ed as u n d er
w he t he r of fo u r
s hee t d em y
p ag es fo li o o r e ig ht p a g es qu a r t o
E x tr a fo r t a b l e w o rk p e r p a g e fol io or
tw o p ag es qu a rt o
I f i p i ca ty p e
I f i n s m a ll p i ca
If i n l o ng p rimer

No t

to e
Per

o r s m all

pi

ca can

0 5
0 7
0 10

0
6
6

W h ere p i ca

be

for
a tion

t ab le

u sed

w o k,

r typ e s h a ll n ot b e a ll o w e d o n ta x
The p ap e r em p l o y e d fo the p ri n t i n g s hall b e n e d e m y
a n d th e p ri c es
w eig hi n g n o t l es s t h a n 2 4l b s to t h e re am
m e n t i o n ed a b o v e s h al l i n cl u d e all ch arg es fo r p rin ti n g
p ap e r fo ldi n g a n d s t i t chi ng
No charg e s hall b e all o w e d o n t a xati o n for c o rre c ti ons
s m all e

A PPE ND IX

COUNTY COURT FEE S


S C HE D

LE I

F ees to be ta ken i n C ou n ty C ou r ts ha ving A dmir a lty


J u r is di cti on
.

F ees to b e tak en b y
Reg is trar an d ao
coun te d for an d p a id
o v e r to
the Trea

rr

su e

very ins ti tu tion of a s ui t s ix


p en ce in the pou nd and on hea r
i g o f the s ame an addi tio n al fee
o f s i xp en c e i n the po rm d o n th e
a m ou n t cl aim ed
w he re it d oes
n o t e x ce ed fty
an d
p ou n d s
W her e i t does e x ce ed fi fty p oun ds
then v e s hilli ng s addi ti onal on
the i n s t i tu ti on an d on the he a r
i n g of the s u i t for every fty o r
fra c ti on of fty pou n ds cla i m ed
o ve r a nd ab o v e the rs t fty
W here t he Court i s to
p ou n ds
b e he l d b ey on d three mil es fro m
the Reg i s trar s of c e t he n a n
a ddi ti on al fee o f o n e s hil li n
g for
e a ch mil e fro m the o th ee to th e
p l a ce of s i tti ng

On

W here the A moun t clai me d


F ees to b e tak en b y th e
Reg is rar for h is ow n 5 "
'

d o es

n ot

e c ee d

g ddgg gg xc
xc d
e

eed s

ee

100

On

i ns ti tu ti o n o f
s u i t, an d s umm on s
the reo n

8.

0
0

2
2

6
6

0
0

5
5

0
0

0
0

7
7

6
6

very

of a

vess el

d_

CO UNT Y CO URT

FE E S

3 11

Wh ere th e A m oun t l ai me d

F ees to b e ak en b y th e
Reg i s rar for hi s ow n u s e

e c e ed s

2 0

On

v ry b ai l b ond

e e

c a ti o n

s u b poen a
no

ti c e

of

i ng

S u mm ons for th e

an e

of

assess o

t ten d

at

t he

t ea ch
F or e ve ry o rd e r of tran s fe r
W h er e a coru t i s to b e h el d
hea ri n g

of a ny s ui

s p eci all y

for the he arin g


o f a s ui t un d er Rul e 3
W here th e cou rt is t o s it
for th e hea ri ng or p a rt
h ea ri ng of a s u i t b ey on d
three m il e from Reg i s

trar e o f ce, then i n a d


d i tion
Mil eag e on e

b ein g a d ocu men t an


n e xed to a n a f da v i t
F or e v ery o f ce co y of a
d o cumen t in the ng li s h
Ia n rag e
per foli o
or 0
cs copi es o f p ap e rs
i n a fo r eig n la ng u ag e, or

e
s
or
h
a
n
d
i
r
wr
t
r
f
s
h
o
t
o
reporters not es , or of
a b s tracts or tran s lati o n s
ma d e in the of ce, i n ad
di tion to the a b o ve fees ,
the charg es of the copy

100

3 12

A PPE N

DI X

W h ere th e A moun

F e es to b e ak en b y th e
Reg is trar for h is ow n u s e

xc

e ed s

an d

20

F or e v e ry w arra n t ag a i n s t
the b o d y o r g oo d s or
or d e r of sal e of v es s e l
F o r m aki ng o r t ra n s mi t
ting n o te oi an y d e cree
or o rd e r u n d er Ru l e 33
O n ex am in i n g the d o cu
m en t s i n a s u it i n w hi ch
n o p ro c ee din g s are p e n d
i n g , an d w hi ch h as b ee n
t ermi nat ed w i thin the
l as t tw o y e ars
if b e
di t to
D itt o
y o n d that p e rio d
F o r ev ery s i tti n g i n whi ch
em
the Reg is trar i s
plo y ed as an e xa mi n e r
W h e n the s i tting i s
tha n
on e
l on g e r
hou r, then for e very

2 0

d oes n o t
e ed

xc

100

i s t, s ho rt ha n d w ri t er, re
p o r t er , o r t r a n s l a t o r
O n a re c eip t for m o n e y o r
for p ap ers , ( on ly one f ee
to be ta ken however m a n y
m a y be the p ap er s d e
li ver ed i n a t one ti m e)
Po u n d ag e on m o ni es p a id
o u t o f the of c e in a n y
suit
for e v ery 5 0L o r
fra c t i on t here o f
F ro m a p erso n w ho i s n ot
a p art y i n th e s u i t , n or
his a tt or ney , n or the
cl erk o f the attor ney ,
the c ou r t
o n e x a m i n i ng
b ooks i n r e sp e c t o f a ny
s ui t
F o r e ve ry summon s of co m

t cl ai m

ed

xc

ee ds

100

8.

0 10

CO

U NTY

CO

U RT F E ES
Wh e re th e

F e e s to b e ak e n b y th e
Reg is rar for h i s ow n u s e

xc

A m oun

n ot

d oes

3 13

e ed

t i on a l

100

6
O

15

ce e

ho u r o r
pa r t o f an hou r
W h e re th e Reg is t rar
u i re d to
s ha ll b e r e q
a tt e n d
e l s e w here
th an at the o u rt o r
o f e , in a d di ti on t o
the ab o v e
Mil eag e o ne w ay fro m
the o f e to pl a e
o f e am in a t i o n , fo r
ea h mil e
t a ati on o f os t s
a dd i

F or

ed

e x eed s

100

t cla i m

0 10

F ees to b e ta ken f or th e
the Hi g h B a i tif

O
0

0
5

u se o

For

r c

s e vi e o f s u m mon s or

if s e r e d wi t hi n

a
thr e e mil es of Reg i s t r r s
o f e
If s e rv e d b e y o n d th re e

mil es o f Reg i s tra r s of e ,


reas o n ab le exp en s es for
an d
ma i n te
tr a v e llin g
s u b p oen a ,

0 10

0 10

n an e

A tt en d an e o n ourt if re
qui r e d b y J u d g e , w h e re
cour t i s to b e h eld s pe
ci all y for the h ea ri n g o f
a s ui t u n d e r Ru l e 3
O n e e u ti o n o f a w arra n t
o f a rr es t o f a ve s s el o r

x c

p ro pert y
O n k eep i n g p os ses s i on o f a
vess el or p roper ty to i n
cl u d e the c os t of a ve s s el
k eep er, i f re qui re d , p er

D IX

A PPE N

W here the A m ou n

F e es to b e ak en for th e
th e H i g h B aili ff

u s e of

o e s I1

223

t cl i m
a

e ed s

20
"
an d d o e s n o t

ex

xc

e ed

ed

xc

eeds

100

10 0

x c
h ad a t a
d i stan c e t han
g re a t er
thre e m il es fro m Reg i s
trar s o f c e rea s o n a b l e
e x pen s e s for
tra vell i ng
an d ma i n t e n an ce
O n s al e o f ve ss el or pro
p er ty i n cl d i ng i n v en
t ory for e v ery 5 0L or
fra ct ion there of
F or s ervi ce of s u mm on s o f
commi tment
E x e cu t io n
of
w arran t
a g a i n s t b od y o r
g ood s
C on vey an ce to g a ol per

If

s.

e e u ti on

m ile

10

0 10

10

0 10

0 10

1 10

To the apprai ser for ap


p ra is em en t o f a ve ss el ,
i ncl u ding i nv en t o ry
.

Ten s hill i ng s p e r
en t
on
the a pprai se d val u e o f the
p rop erty , w i th re aso n a bl e
e p en s e s for t ra ve ll in
g and
m a in t e n a n e if the ves s el
is b e y o n d three mil es from
Reg is tra r s of ce

C O UNTY C O URT

S C H ED

FEE S

LE I I

3 15

Cha rg es to be p a i d to C ou n sel a nd A ttorn eys a t


L a w u nd er the C oun ty C o u r ts A dmi ra lty J u r is di cti o n
A ct, 18 68 , betw een P a r ty a n d P a r ty

C os ts

a nd

L o w er
S ca l e ,
n ot e
e ed
in g 100

xc

I ns tru c t i o ns to s u e o r d efen d
A ppli ca t i o n fo r s u b s t itu t e d s e rvi ce
A t t en d a n c e o n the Reg is t ra r, lli n g
u p an d l e a vi ng p ra
e ci p e, an d ob t ai n
i ng th e d o cum en t or in s tr um e n t fo r
w hi ch t he p rae c ip e w as re qu i re d ,
i n cl u di n g the g e tt i n g th e s ea l o f the
C our t a f xe d
S e rvin g an y n oti ce or s u mm o n s o n a
p arty o r hi s a t t orn ey , in cl u din g
co py thereo f
If s e rve d b ey o n d t hr ee mil es o f Reg i s

t rar s oi c e, reas o na b l e e xp e ns es fo r
t ra v ellin g a n d m a in t en an c e
E xa mi n i n g a n d t akin g mi nu t es of
e vi d e n c e o f ea c h wi t n e s s aft e rw a rds
b y the J u d g e ( w he th e r
all o w e d
co u ns el e mp l oy e d or n o t )
I f a b o ve s i x folio s , for e v ery ad
diti o n al foli o
D ra win g b ri ef, per fo li o
C opy b ri e f, p er foli o , an d n e c es s a ry
d o cu m en t s to a cco m p an y s a m e
A tt en di ng c ou n sel t her ew i th
F ee to c o u ns el a n d cl erk, s u m paid
n o t e x c ee d i n g
If con feren ce w i t h cou n s el all ow e d ,
'
appoin ti ng i t an d a tt endin g c ou n sel
F ee to cou ns el an d clerk o n con
fe r en ce
w i th
Co u rt o n tri al,
A t t en di ng

tt en di ng C ou rt an d con du c ting s u i t
w he re n o cou ns el emp l oy e d
W here j u dg m en t is d eferre d a t t en d
i ng Cou rt to hea r i t
A

H i g h er
ab o

100

3 16

DI X

A PPE N

S al e ,
eed
no t e
in g 100

xc

W i tnes ses

xpens es

in fo rce

s cal e

ac cordi ng

to

rd er o f trans fe r
Noti c e of appli ca tio n for a ne w tri al
o r to set as i d e p ro ceedi n g s i n cl u d
i ng copies of d u pl i ca te o rig i n al s an d
s e rvi ce a n d a tt endin g Reg i s t rar of
the C ou rt there wi th s u ch n oti ces
copies b ein g s ig ned b y the
an d
att o rn ey
A ny a tt e d a nce w hi ch the Reg is tra r
m ay t hi k w as n e c ess a ry
A ll ne ces s ary a f da vi ts n o t e xceedi ng
ve foli os ; i n cl u di ng li n each
F or e ve ry a ddi t ion al fo 0
O a th ( s u m p a id )
A ttendi ng Cou rt to s u pp o rt or oppos e
an y ap li cati on or mo t i on w i th ou t

Lo d g in g

coun s

A tte n ding i n the l as t men ti one d


-

cas e s

wi th cou ns el
F ee to cou ns el an d cle rk n o t e xceedin g
e xp e n ses
to
A t torn ey s t ra v elling
att end Cou rt or a n ex a m i n e r w here
the place of s i ttin i n ei the r ca s e
is b ey on d thre e mile s o f the Reg i s
t ra r e of ce on e w ay per mile
W h ere i n the o pi n i o n of t he Reg is trar
he cannot r et u r the s ame n ig ht i n
a ddi t io n t o the a b o v e mil eag e
A ny a tte n da n ce o n a n exa mi ner
w hi ch the Re g i s t ra r may u p on ta x
ati on thi k wa s n ec ess ary
W hen the a tten da n ce is 10 er tha n
o n e hou r t hen fo r e ve ry a d i ti o nal
hou r or p ar t of an hou r
D ra w in g all n eces sary d o cu men ts per

Pla ns and charts to be allbw ed b


s p e cial o rd er of J u dg e , not e x c eed
i ng

C U

TY

O U RT F E E S

3 17

Lw
Sc l
t xc
o

H i g h er

er

a e,

no

ee d

i n g 10 0

A tt en di ng t a i n g co sts
A ll n e es s a ry op ies , p er fo li o
L e tt e rs a n d m e ss ag e s ( to be
on e i n the su i t on ly )

al e ,

ab o

100

a llow ed

C O S TS

O F TH E

DAY

ON

A D J O U RNM E NT

A tt en d i n g Co ur t w h ere n o
p l o y ed
A tt en d in g w i th ou n s el
Refres he r fee to ou n sel
n ot e
eedi n g
W i t n ess es e p e n ses s am e

xc

Pre p arin g

co u n s el e m

C os r s
no

or

ti c e o f

an d

cl erk
tri al

as o n

A PPEA L
app ea l ,

in l u di n g

co pi e s a n d s ervi c
A ppli c a ti o to s t a y p ro c ee di n g s
Tra n s m i t ti n g c as e a d c op i e s i n cl u d
i n g n o t i ce to s cces s ful p a rt y
pp li ca ti o n to J u d g e fo r l e a ve to p ro
ce e d o n j u d g m en t
D e p o s i t i g d e cr ee or o
r d er bf co
u rt
n

of

A pp ea l

NB

Reg i s trar

i s to ta x the b i lls o f co s t s o f d e
fen da n t s u p on the l o we r s ca l e w he n the s u i t i s fo r a s u m
n o t e x c e edi n
g 100 l , a n d u p o n the hig he r w he n it e x c eed s
10 0 1 ; a n d th e b ill s o f c o s t s o f p l ai n t iffs u p o n the l o w er
s c al e w he n the s u m re c o v e red d o es no t e x c e e d 10 0 l , an d
u p o n the hi h e r w h e n i t e x c e e d s 100l
n l ess i n ei t her c as e
g
, u
the Ju d g e s hall o therw is e or d e r
.

The

Co s r s B E T W E E N A TTO RNE Y A ND C L I E NT sh all b e


a ll o w e d o n the a b o v e s c a l e , w i t h s u c h a d di t i o n s t here to
as th e Re is tra r m a y on c o n s i d e ra t io n o f s e c i a l c i r c u m
g
p
s t a n c es t hi n k t to foll o w
'

C O U RT B Y A G RE E M E NT o r
P RTI E S u n d e r p a rag ra p h 4 o f se c t io n 3 o f t he C ou n ty
C o urts A d mi ral t y Ju r is di ct i on A ct, 18 6 8 , the c os ts s hal l b e
I N S UI TS

E N T E RE D

I N TH E

18

APPE NDI X

ll owed on the s cale of cos ts all ow ed i n the H ig h C ou rt of


A dmi ralty i f the a tt o rn ey s s hall ag ree i n the m emoran dum
that they s hall b e s o all ow ed an d if n o su ch ag ree men t
s hall b e mad e then ac c o rdi n
g to th e Coun ty Co u rt A dmi
ral ty s cal e as b e tw e e n a t t o rn e
y an d c li en t
a

H A TH E RL E Y C
,

R
.

PHI L L I M O RE , Ju dg e of the H i g h C ou rt
of A d mi r al t y

JA M E S

S TA NS F E L D , Jr Commis s i on e r
the Treasury
.

L A NSD OW NE ,
'

Do

Do

of

I ND E X

A BA NDO NMENT OF S A LV AGE, e ect of l ocal


ag ree men t for , w he n v o id , 116
d is creti on of Co u r t, as to, 117
a b a n d on men t o f sa lvag e a g reem en t, 100
ab an d o n ment of sa lva g e a ttem p t, 10
'

custo m

118

ct of on crew as salvors

A BA ND NMENT O F V ES S EL,
what a m un ts to, 2 0

19

c ty when owner of vessel a foreig er 15 4 2 39


oyal Navy b road proceeding s
sal vag e b y s ea men of R

on ,

effe

ABA NDO NMENT, TEMPO RA RY, O F V ES S EL


g i i n g u p p sses s i n t m as ter on retu rn , 145
.

A BROA D

s e u ri

15 1,

239

to b e s en t to Cour t of A d miralty or V i ce A dmiral ty for


a dj ud i ca ti o
239
239 2 40
po w h o m b o d b in d ing and how enforced 15 5
d o c m ents free of d u ty 2 40
fo g ery of d o cu men ts rela ti g t o an d how p u is hable 2 40
A BSE NT PERS O N sal vag e d ue t o when to b e reta i ned b y R
eceive
of W e ck 230
A CCI DE NT t o ves sel ab o t t o b e to wed where tug clai ms salvag e 44
A CTIO N for s hare of salvag e 103
A CTUA L SA L V ORS sha e of crew who are not act ual s al vors 108
cre w o f l ig ht s hip 109
A DDRESS for s er vi ce 161
A DMI RA LS &c no t t o in terfere w ith wreck 2 21
A DMI RA LTY c onsen t o f to s al vag e su it b y seamen of Royal Navy 5 0
d

oc

ments

n,

2 37

er sal a g e dis pu tes , 15 6, 2 2 8


A DMI RA LT , C URT OF, uri sdi ti n
er all l a ims rela tin g to s al a g e, 15 6 , 2 33
uri s di ti n
u nty, 15 7 , 2 3 3
w hen se r i es ren d ered i n b dy of
urt of, to d e i de q
u es ti n of ti tl e in
as es of s al ag e,
p w er o f
2 47
p w er of, to d ire t vi va vo e e xaminati n of w itnesses who ha e
ma de depo s i ti n s, 2 4 7

O
c o ov
vc
co

c o ov

co
o

c
o

32 0

I ND E X

A DMI RALTY, C O URT O F, con ti n u ed


exa minati on o f wi tness es b e fo re C o mmi s s i o ners of, 17 3 , 2 48
a ttendan c e of witnes s es in, e n for ced b y s u b poen a 17 3, 2 48
p rod u cti on of d o cu men ts i n , en for ce d b y s u b pmn a, 2 4 8
p o wer of, to d ire ct tria l of iss u es, 2 4 8 , 2 49
cos ts of Commi ssi ons , 2 49
p o wer of, to d i rect new tri al , 2 49
when appli ca ti o n to be m ad e, 2 4 9
cos t of n ew tri a l, 2 49
appeal fr om refusa l or g ran ti ng o f new trial b y, 2 49
b ill of excepti o ns on trial of i ss ues di rected b y , 249
re cord of is su e to b e forward ed to, 249, 25 0
appeal to Pri vy Co un cil from 25 0
n otes of evi den ce certi ed b y j ud g e of, to b e evi den ce, 2 5 0
p ower of j u dg e o f t o make ru les, 25 1
.

cti on l ies ag ai nst j u dg e of 25 1


g aol ers to receive p ris o ers co m mi tted b y 2 5 1
di s charg e of p i o e s commi tted fo co tem pt b y
no a

r s

25 1

fees i n, 301 9

V
A DVI CE

c on of out of sha e of salvag e


when a s a l vag e s ervi ce 10
A FFIDA V ITS evid e ce b y 17 3
i n cou nty co urt p o ce di g s reg ul a ti ons a s to
A D A NCES, dedu ti

to l ead wa rra nt
bta n arrest

119

18 7 . 18 8

of a rres t,

16 2

v essel in cou nty court 18 3


A GENT c o nsula r oi ce w hen to b e a g ent of o wn er in case of fo reig
s hi p 2 4 2 2 4 3
of s alvor neg li g
ce b y how fa alvo ans w e ab le for 141
w hen salva g e s ervi ce co mp leted 14 2
A G REEMENT S A LVA G E
to sal ve f xed m 94
sal vors b ou nd b y 94
to o

of

r,

en

r s

or

su

b e i n w ri ti ng , 95
mus t b e learly dened , 95
a l ue of
a rg
u p n, 95
e ec t of
s et as ide fo r fra u d , 96
for ex rb itan e of a m u nt, 97
when for sal ag e of s hi p al one, 97
ndi ti n o f
e ect of c n cea l men t o f
essel u p
b ind ing on pa rties to i t nly, 96
mas ter can b i nd wn er by, 96
rs not par ties t
i t, 98
not b indi ng o n sa l
not a ected b y ha rd n es s of b arg a i n, 99
effe t of han g e o f w eather u p n, 99
nu s of p r
f of, 10 0
ab and nment of, 10 0
need not

c
v

'

c
v

'

'

co
o

vo

oo

on

94 96

IND E X

32 1

A GREEMENT, SALV A G E co n ti n u ed
p ayment i nto Co urt o f ag reed a m o un t, 100
rel ease o f pro perty u nd er, 148
r e leas i ng s hi p u pon g i vin g s e c urity for sal va e, 2 41
g
sec u ri ty, how e nfo rc ed , 2 41
s ta temen ts as to s ervi ce, 2 4 1
.

id, 116
A G RE EME NT FO R A BA ND NMENT, when
d i s reti n of C u rt as to , 117
w he n bin di ng on pe rs n wi th n ti e o f it, 117
n e ed not b e i n writing , 117
n us o f pr
f of, 117

vo

o c

oo

AG RE E ME NT FORA PPORTI ONME NT b inding when equ i table, 114


t o 115

A L LEG A T

i nequitable

if

se t as i de

114, 116

IONS in plea ding s

par

V
v
c o

ties b ound b y

con sid ered

A MBI G U US SI G NAL, how

35

17 0

A M UNT OF SA L A GE, principl es reg ul atin g , 7 6


l ib eral re ward g i en, 7 6
A mer ica n d e is i ns u p n, 7 7
e ffe t o f s u b s eq
uen t s t rms u p n , 7 9
li b era lity i n a w a rd s for l i fe sal ag e, 8 0
w here li fe a nd pr p erty b th sa ed , 8 0
for sa l a g e of pa sseng er stea m ers, 8 1
for sa l a g e b y s tea mers , 8 1
for sa l ag e b y passeng er ships, 8 2
a l ue of p r perty ris ked , e ect o f, on am u n t, 8 2
mpe nsa ti n for da mag e to sa l ing essel, 8 2, 8 3
paym en ts b y wn er to b e set ou t in p etiti n, 8 3
mp en sati n for l ss of shi ng , 8 3 , 8 4
r e m ten es s of d amag e, 8 5
effe t of ins u rance b eing i mper ill ed b y de ia tion, 8 5 t 8 7
i n ases of dereli ct, 8 7
n o ru l e as t
g i ing a m i ety, 8 8 , 8 9
in s tan es where m iety g i en, 8 9
p r p rti n of pr perty to a w ard, 8 9
al ue of pr perty, ho w as erta ined , 90
w hen t b e taken, 90, 91
where freig ht sa ed at in termed ia te p rt, 91, 92
a ppra is ement of pr perty, 93 , 94
w here a g ree men t for xed s u m , 94 t 100
ndu ct u p n am u n t, 12 4
eifect of mis
ues ti n s o f a m u n t, n ot fa o ured, 207
ap p ea l s as t q
u esti
u n w il li n g ness of C urt to di s tur b d ecis i n of us ti es i n q
of a m un t, 2 10

co

o
o

o
v
v

o
o

o
c
c

'

o v

v
v
v

v
co

o o o
o

co
o

o
o

v
o

o ns

32 2

INDE

A N C H OR furni s hing to dis tre sed vessel 15


man u fa ctu rer of to mark na me or ini tials on 2 37
p enalt for n eg l ect 237
A NSWE R ti me for ling 169
A PP EA L to Pri v Cou nci l 206
as to u es t io ns of amou n t dis o ra g ed 2 0 6
cas es w h er e ourt of appea l h ave al tered amou n t a ward ed
,

y
c

2 06,

207
im for, 2 07
from Cou n
Court, 208
2 08
n on in as s of l ss than
i m for a pp a ling , 2 0 8
alter
pira ion of i m , 2 08
os t of app a l, 2 09
no app al to P ri
Coun i l in Cou nt Court as s w i out a , 209
app al to C ou r of A mir al
of C in u
Por s, 209
sal of prop r , i n as of, 20 9
from u st i s, 20 9.
w n su m in is pu o r
209
"
m an ing 0
su m in
is pu , 2 09
u s ti on s of arnou n t on
u nw i l i ng n s s of Co u rt to i n r r w ith
app al , 2 10
r
r as to amou n al r , 211
as s w
rom awar of u s i s, in w a as s, 2 29
no ic of, w n to be g i n, 2 2 9
proc i ng s u pon, w n to
a
n, 229
r i a e of pro eding s e or u s i s to be s n t to Cou r of
A pp al, 2 2 9
i n
on app al, 2 30
r i a
u stic s , 23 0
r i at of a l u to s n to Court of A pp al
rom Coun Cour , statu or pro is ion as to, 2 6 3, 2 6 4
.

t e

ty
e c e
e
t e
e
ex t
t e
c e e vy c
y c e th le ve
e
t
d
ty
q
e t
e
e ty c e
j ce
he
d te ve
e
d te
l
e
te fe e
qe
e
c e he e dec ee
t te ed
f
d j t ce
h tc e
t e
he
ve
eed
he
be t ke
c e t c et
ce
b f e j t ce
e
t
ccee tt cc tee ev dev c ee be ee t
e by j
e
f
ty
t
t y v
A PP EA RA NCE who may app ear 16 4
t ime for 16 4
a pp earan c e after time 16 4
how app e aran c e en tered 16 4
prmcipe for parti c u lars to be s et out i n 16 4
u n de r prote s t 16 5
proce eding s on 16 5
proceeding s for default of appearance 165
.

APPORTIONME NT betw een di erent s ets of


b Recei ver of W re k when 101 103
b Admiralt Cou rt 102
dela eli ect of on 10 3
whe n to be a pplied for 10 3
n o act ion for proport ion of s al vag e 103
p ri nciples of a pportionment 104

y
y

'

lvors

sa

7 0, 7 1

IND E X

323

A PPORTIONM E N T cont i nu ed
larg e r sh are for g reater work 10 4
mas ter s proportio n of s alvag e 105
mate s pro por ti on 106
di min u ti o n fo m isco n d u t 10 7
t 10 7
eect of g e n e ra l m is on d
for feitu re for em bezzlem e n t 10 7
pass eng e r sa l vor s pmp ortion 108
share s of re w n ot e n g ag ed 10 8
re w of lig ht s hi p 10 9
amon g
e ect of refusal to ass i st in salvag e 109
a mon g pu bli s e rva n ts 10 9
a mong O wn e r an d re w 109 to 114
whe n b in di n g 114
ag ree me n t fo
s et O E ag ai ns t l a i m for 118
d edu ti on of advan es ou t of proporti on 119
b Re eiver of Wre k w he n und er 2 ool 2 30
whe n to be made
power of Re ei ve r to reta i n s h ares of abs ent parties 230
Re ei ver s apportion men t to be nal 23 0
to app ortion
u ri s d i ti on of C ou rt of A d miralt
e n for ing d is tri bution 2 41 2 42
A PPR A I SE M E NT of prop ert sa ved 93
94
cos ts of w he r e u nn e ess a r
nal it of 94
i n Cou n t Cour t 94
w hen ordered before rel ea s e on bail 16 9
A PPRENTI CES la im of own er to sa lvag e s ha res of 113
ARR ES T of prop e rt after r el ea s e b Re cei ve r on s e u e n ce of
on comme n ce me n t of s ui t 161
warran t o f 16 1

'

c
c

c
c

y c

'

r,

c q

149

pra ci pe for, 162


ai davi t for, 16 2
s r i c of war ra n , 16 2
how se r
, 162
of s r i , 163
c rti a
pro e ing s w n prop rt al r
Cour t, 18 2
in C ou n
imi a ti on o f, in Cou nt Cou rt
.

ev e
e

c ed

ved
te

e v ce
he
.

ty

eady a rr ested

16 3

l t
y
proceed ing s 2 6 2
S TO J US TI CES appoi nt me n t of b y B oard of Trade
A S S ES S O R
as s e sso r t o con cu r i n or di ssen t fr o m re p ort of j us tices 2 2 0
how a ppo in te d 2 2 9
fees of 22 9
AS H OR E savi n g carg o dri ven on s h ore 15
ASS I GN EES IN BA NKR U P TC Y app earanc e by 16 4
.

2 20

3 24

I ND E X

c y

ASSI STA N C E m u st ha ve a tuall been ren dered b


ASS OC IA TED V ESS E L salvag e b 2 9
AWA RD in a es of dereli t 61
of j u s t i e s W hen to be made 2 29
,

c
c

l vors

sa

4, 5

c q c

F A ITH Dimin tion of s alva g e i n s e u e n e of 133


A meri an law as to 13 4 135
BAIL b Re ei ver of Wre k 14 6
r el eas e of ve s el o 16 6
relea e of propert o 166 16 8
a mo nt 16 7
dis h arg e o f su reties 16 7
mode o f pu ttin g in 16 7
e e t ion of bail b n d 16 8
pa men t f mon e in stead of b il 16 8
p n alt fo dela in g rel e e 169
en f r ing j udg men t ag ain st s ur eti es 17 8
BAIL B OND en for eme nt 147
BAILIFF arresting ves s el whe n a salv or 2 6
B O ARD OF TRADE en u ir i nto wre k or asua lt b p erson
2 19
a pp ointed b
221
g en er l s p erin te n den e of all matters rela ti n g to wre k b
B O A RDI NG VESSE L in d is tres s ag ains t will of mas ter p enalt for

BAD

y c

c
xyc

n,

n,

y
y
c

y
c

as

q y

y y
c y

23 4

th rity of mas ter to rep el by force 23 4


B OAT O WN E R a s a sal vor 30
B OND f r releas e w hen salvag e by vess els of Royal Navy
s eas 15 4 2 3 9
how pro ved 15 5
a mo n t of how x ed 2 39
proporti on of t val e 2 39
releas e of vess el on b n d being g i ven 239
2 39
u p on w h om bon d bi n d ing
how en forc ed 23 9 2 40
B RI T IS H V ESSE L li fe salvag e i cas e of 25 3
BU L LION contribu tion whe n part of ca rg o cons ists of 12 1 to
au

hi g h

on

c
y y

12 3

CA RG O whe n to be delivered to Re ei ve r 15 0
Ro al N a v vess els on h ig h s eas
n t to be un la den in s al vag e b
.

15 4

n er of laimin g

ow

lvag e

sa

31

IND E X

325

CA R G O A ND S H IP ontrib u tion to salvag e b 12 1


CAV EA T R E L EASE when pro pert alrea d un der arres t 163
how lon g in for e 16 3
CE RTIFI CA TE of e e u tion of wa rrant o f a rres t w he n to be l ed 162
C H A N GE OF W EA TH ER, effe t of on to wag e con tract 38
e ffe t of on sa lva g e ag reemen t 99
C H AR TE RED V ES SE L sal vag e of 2 8
C IN QUE PORTS us ti es ha ve no j ris di tion o er claims for sal ag e
,

c
xc
,

v
v
p w er L rd W den
pp i t th ree c
n er
ch
C n q e P rt
n c en t t wn
dj t lv
p te
d p e be d c ded t we nty f r h
e r e ere n ce
re
e c et ry
be pp n ted by C n q e P rt c mm
r e t r C rt A m r l ty C in q e P t
ver
pr ceed n
w rd
c i n er
be en ered b k
kept by re i tr r
th r ty de c de cl
b t en
n h i p C in q e P
rryi
re
n er
de i de cl i
lv e r
wi h n j
m
d ct n
m ter wn er
en be pre en t itt n c mm n e
c mm n er m dec de cl
erv i ce lth
v e el
d tr e
p we r e cr et ry
d n t r th
ee
be p i d c
i i n er
wn er
ve el pr eeded
nt
ner
ch
n w th n m le
m
re den ce
th be t ke b y c
n er
ppe l
w rd c
i ne
H h C t Adm lty
C rt A d i lty Cin q e P rt
w he n t ce
pp e l be i ven
w hen m n t n be t ke
th y c
n er
el e e ve l pr p e y b il
b il be d b e
nt
w rd
b l
be f rw rded C t Ad ir lty
e rt c t
v l e be rw rded
C t
A dmi l y
pp e l
py pr ceed in
be ev den ce
m
de c n C rt A d r lty
ppe l n l
L r d W rde
dep t ie
h ve me th r ty
j ie
pe e c
ner
b nd e
pp e l m C nty C
C
,

j c

in 196 2 01
ar
o n
of
o
of, to a
o mmi s s io
o
s in ea
of the
i u
o s an d tw o a
i
o
s, to a u s sa ag e di s
u
s , 2 14
e i
in
ou
ours a ft
is u t to
r f
, 214
to
a
oi
i u
o s
o
is
g istrar or s r a
si oners , 2 14
of
d i a
of
u
or s at Do
2 14
g i s ra of ou
,
i g s an d a a s o f om m ss i o
s of, to
o
i n oo
t
g s a , 2 14
i
oi
to
ai ms of oa m
in
ag ai st s
au
u
orts
n g 0 3 s to
s , 2 14
for ca
s ma y
a ms for sa ag
co mi s s i o
c
t i
a i sing
u ri s
i io , 2 15
r
s
t to
at s
i g of o
iss io rs, 2 15
as
, o
, o ag
ay
i
ai m for s
is s i o
s
o
s, a
ou g h
ss
n ot
i n is
s s , 2 15
a
to a mi is e oa , 215
o
of s
a
s by o
s of
ss s
f s to
to omm s s o
oc
a g ai s , 215 .
in any to w
n ot to act as su
i i a i of his
co mi ss i o
si
, 215
s , 215
n
omm is s io
a
oa
to
of o mm is s o
rs to
ig
ou r of
ira
or
a from a a
a
m ra
u
of
of
o s , 2 16
ou
o i
of a
a to
n
, 2 16
g
o i io
a
n ou t, 2 16
to
s to r
o
as
sse or
rt on a , 216
au
ori t of o mmi ss i o
for ou l a mo u
of a a
a
to
, 216
o
a
to our o f
m a
6
a i bo nd to
, 21
i a e of a u to
fo a
to
ra t
on
our
of
c
a , 2 16
a
o
of
i
216
o ci al co
g s to
,
mi a
on a
a ,
a , 2 16
isi o of ou o f
u
s of,
n or
sa
au
o i
as
u s t c s of
a
a
o
s, 2 16
ac or o mmis s i o
ou
a ri s of, 218
ou rts to
o urt of, 26 4
ou
a fro
a
.

3 26

IND E X

CI TA TI ON 1N RE M,

y
c

when prop ert al read a rrested 16 3


COA STG UA RD sal vag e b
5 3
243
to b e pai d fo w at h ing an d prote ting s hip wre ked prop e rt
s al e of fee s to 2 4 3
how r e ove ra ble 2 43
C OLLI S ION bet ween s al vi n g and salved vess els 141
effe t of lea ving vess el a fte r 6 0
sal vag e in as es of 12 13
s eama n l eft on boa rd a fter whe n a s al or 20
C OMMU NI CATIN G wi th sal ving es s el when a salvag e s ervice 12
C ONCEA LED W RE C K Re ei ver may s ear h for u n der warran t 22 5
reward to in formers of 225
CO NCEALMENT of on d iti on of ve ss el ef e t of on towag e on t ra t 4 6
e e ct of an ag ree me n t for ed su m 96
C ON C L US ION w hen to be led 17 0
C ONCU RREN T j u ri s di t ion of Cou rt of A dmiral t with j u s ti es 198
CONS ULA R OFFI CE R to be ag en t of o wn ers of for e ig n s h ip w he n
wre k fou nd on oas t 2 42 2 43
CONTRIBUTI O N between sh ip and arg o 12 1
prin i ples reg ulatin g 121
e pen s es of salvag e s uit 12 1
w he n part of arg o sal ved i s bu ll ion 12 1 to 12 3
CONVI CTI ON b mag is tra tes for oence in as e of wr e k 13 2
effe t of on salvag e 132
COSTS of u nn e e ssar apprai s eme n t 94
when ve s s el arrested a fter rel ea e b R e ei ve r 149
ce rti ate for when n e es sa r
15 8
i n w ha t as e s g ran ted 15 9
i n a s e of ten der 17 2
of app ea l 2 0 8 2 0 9
of en ui r before j usti es how re ove rabl e 22 0
of a rb i tration before j u s t i es 2 2 9
b w h om pa a ble 2 29
i n di s reti on of C ou rt 2 02
g e n e rall fo llo w res ult 2 02
in d ulg e n e to salvors as to 203
in as e of ten der 2 0 4
w he n pro eedi ng s improp erl take n in Cou rt of A d mi ralt 260

c
c

c
c

'

c y

q y

c c
y

cy
c
c
c

y c

COSTS

'

IN COUNTY COURTS power to frame s al e of

26 1

COUNT , salvag e s ervi ces ren dered i n b od of 15 7


j uris di t ion of Court of Admiralt over, 15 6, 15 7 , 233
'

I ND E X

32 7

CO UNTY COURT A CTS , to be


ral ty A ct, 26 4

rea d as one with Count Courts Ad mi

CO UNTY covers,

fee s in 3 10 to 318
CO UNTY CO URT roams 297 to 30 0
CO UNTY CO URT J URIS DI CTI ON Act con fe rri ng 2 5 8 A ct
te n s ion oi; 265
i n w h at d is tri ct cau s e to be c omme n ced 2 6 2
orders i n C ou n cil
s to 2 66 2 6 7
list of Courts ha ving A dmira lty j uris di ctio n 2 6 8 to 2 7 1
,

for

ex

b y g eneral ordens

COUNTY COURT PRA CTICE , to b e reg ulate d


au th ori t for ma kin g g eneral o rders, 2 6 4

26 4

CO UNTY CO URT, s u it in
uris d icti on of Co u n t C ou rt, 17 8
comme n e m e n t o f s ui t in, 17 9
i n w hat Cour t, 17 9

p re cip e to ins titu te 18 0


s ummon s 18 1
appe arance ho w e n te red 18 1
te n der and pa men t i nto Cour t 18 2
pa yme n t out of C our t 18 2
a rre s t of e s s el w he n to be made 18 2
a da vi t to obtai n arr es t 183
warra nt of 18 3
relea se of arres te d prop e rt
18 3
valu ati on befor e releas e 18 4
tra ns fe r of caus e to H ig h C our t of A dmi ra lt
18 4 18 5
trans fe r to othe r C oun t Cour ts 18 5
e i de nce 18 6
heari n g 1 8 8
e n forcing de ree 191
sal e of pro pe rt
192
o rde rs b
o ns e nt 194
i n s p e tion of proc eed in g s 194
taxation of cos ts 194
C R EW whe n the may be salvors of their own shi p 19
salvag e ag r eement w he n n o p arti es to i t 98
n ot boun d b
CROSS EXAMI NATI ON b ri al sal vors 17 6
CRO WN purchas e of rig ht to wre k b 2 32
rig ht of to u n cla i med wr e k 2 45
C USTOM local e ect of as to a ban d onme nt of sal ag e 118
C USTODY of ess el sa l vors w hen e ntitled to as between them and
their own ers 145
,

yc

y
y

y v
c y
c

'

32 8

I ND E X

C UTTI NG CA BLES, ho w p e rmi t for to


adve rti s emen t of p ermi t, 236

be obtai n ed

2 36

DAMA G E to s al vin g ves el


omp ensation f
82
re moten ess of 8 5
DA NG ER appr ehen s ion of an in g red ien t in sal vag e 3
When i mmin ent thou g h not a tual 3
DEGREES of C ou n t C ou rts reg istratio n of 2 6 3
effe t of an a ppli ation for apportion ment 103
DELA
DELA YI NG REL EA SE a fte r bai l p en alt for 169
DELI VERI NG u p of wre k to Re e i e r n ot to prej u di e titl e of thi rd
parti es 2 45
17 3
D EPOS I TIO NS evi de n e b
en for in g atten dan e of wi tn es s es before E amin er 17 4
taken be fore Re e i ver of Wre k how far ev iden e 17 4
taken in one Cou nt Cou rt to b e evi den e in an ther 18 6
D ERE LI CT rs t sal vors fa vou red in a s e of 5 7
w hat on sti tu tes l eg al dereli t 5 7
temporar l eavin g d oes not 5 7
on us of pr of of a ban d on me n t 5 8
determ ined b i ntention at t i me 5 8
hang e of min d a fter aband n m en t a d ret rn e ffe t of 5 9
w here the lea ving with ou t a y in tent ion eithe r way 6 0
l eav ing in ollis i on 60
pos ition of ves sel ev iden e 6 1
s h ip
g oods s u n k w he n 6 1
r eward in as e of 6 1
A m eri a n de i s ions as to 6 2
a mou n t of s alvag e i n as e s of 8 7
88 89
n o r ul e as to g i ving a moi et
in s tan es of moi et be in g g i ve n 8 9
detent ion of 143 144
DETENTI ON of der eli t 14 3 14 4
b salvors 143
DETENTI ON O F PROPERT
ommon la w li en 143
DETE NTI ON 0 F VESS EL w hen not dereli t 145
w hen temp raril abandon ed 145
when s al vors en titl ed to ustod of vess el as between them and
the ir own ers 145
e ffe t of g iving u p possessi on on rig hts of sa lvors 145
how long salvors may r eta in p oss e ss i on 145 14 6
b Re ei er of Wre k 146 2 30

or,

cv

cc y
c
y

c
c c

or

y
c

Y y
,

y cv

c
c

IND E X

32 9

ON OF VESSE L con ti nu ed
r e l eas e by R e c e i ve r o
b il 147
s ui ci ency of ba il how de c i ded 147
e nforc ing payme nt f b a il b n d 147
releas e o ag ree men t to abi de de cis ion

DETENTI

148

C ou rt

of

Ad miralt

of

t teme nt to be forwarded to Cou rt of Ad miralty 148


conAedqm ieran cltey o1f49d isobedi enc e to order of releas e by Court of
consequen c e f arrest after releas e by Rec eiver 149
carg o of vessel in dis tress when to be delivered to Recei ver
.

s a

15 0

wre k to be deli vered to R e eive r 15 0


whe n s al vag e by ves s els of Ro al Nav o h ig h s eas 15 0
vess el to b e tak n to port hav ing Vi e Ad miralt C rt or Con su l

15 1

ou

en t to be fu nished to C ou rt or C onsu l
a mo n t of s e cu rit y how d ete rm in ed 15 4
bon d on releas e 15 4
a dd i t i ona l s e cu rity in ca s e of for ei n s h ip 15
g
s a te m

15 2 , 15 3

cl

by

DI FFERE NT SETS O F SA L
RS , ai ms , 5 5
s
sa
63
o s a ou
,
m
a
si o s as to , 6 4
a a
o m
of
s
s sa
o s, 6 8
mu
a io
of
s
set a
a n g , for a u a
6 8 , 6 9, 7 0
sa
o s
is
ss
s, 7 3
o
ms o u
of
ff
rs s e t,
on o t
s, 7 3
a
or o m
b
, 74

r
A
b
re

VO

t lv r f v
e ri c n de ci
n d n en t
n er t n

r ed
n
enterpri e b r t lv r
r t
fter le vi
.

y
c

lv r in d tre helped b ther


i nd t t
e et
he r
pp ti n en t et w ee n

ct

l s e r vi e

6 6, 6 7 ,

DE I A TI

ON effe ct of

v e amou n t

on s al ag

85

8 6, 8 7

ON OF A MOUNT for mis con d u ct 12 4


in s ta n c es of 12 6 12 7 12 8
for o b tr u d in g s e rvi ce s 12 7
refus ing fu rther as s is tan ce 12 8
in c on s e q en c e of inj u ry th ro g h wan t of s k ill

DI MI NUTI

'

D IRECTI

140

ONS as to mode of proof 17 3


DI S CHA RG E s ea m e n may be come sa lvors on 2 2
Meaning of s u m i n di spu te 20 9
DI S PUTE S UM IN
DISPUTE A S TO S A LVA G E j u i d ict io n of j sti ces ov er
j uris di ctio n of Court of Admiralty ove r 22 8
,

r s

DI S TRESS ,

es s en tial ing redi ent in salvag e s e rvi c e

e xten t of

22 8

3 30

IND E

DRIFTI NG TI MBER
, sa

lvag e of

15

DUT , on forei g n g oods fou n d der eli t, 2 42


forwardi n g g oods to port of des ti na tion
g i ven , 2 42
.

securi

on

ty

for

Y cre w as salvors whe n ou ts ide li mi ts of

D UT

EMBEZZLEMENT, forfe itu r e of

lvag e for

prop ortion

yc
v

24

of sa

107

pture of ess el b re w becoming sal ors afterwards 2 1


res u e of ves sel from 16
ENFO RCING pa me nt of s al ag e 17 6
j u dg men t ag ains t bail 17 8
Coun t Cou rt d e ree 191 2 6 2
wa rra n t ag ai n st g oods 192
decree ag ainst un kn own defen dan t 192
us ti es to s en d state me nt of
ENQUI R in to wre k or asu alt
an d thei r r ep ort to B oa rd of Tra de 220
manag emen t of en u ir 2 2 0
Board of Trade may appoin t n auti a l or eng i n eeri ng ass es sors to
u s tices 2 2 0
l o al marin e b oard and where a
in pla e s wher e ther e i s
mag i s trate i s m em ber of the b oard en u i r to
s ti pe n dia r
take pla e before hi m 2 2 0
os t s of i n d i screti on of j u s ti e s 2 2 0
e pe nses of Board of Tra de may pay 2 20
jus ti es may re ui re mas ter or ma te to deli er up certi ate

E NE M

ca

cx

c
q y

y
c

yj c
,

q y

221

y
c c
c
c
yy

j c

penal t on refus ing to do so 2 2 1


erti a te 2 21
an elme n t or s us pen si on of
in S otla n d may be remi tted to Lord A d ocate 221
EVI DE NCE mode of g i vi ng 17 3
d ire tions as to 17 3
b af dav it 17 3
b deposi tion 17 8
depositi ons before R e eiver of Wre k 17 4
ti me for ling proof 17 4
printing 17 5
E VIDENCE IN COUNTY COURT how wi tn e sses s ub poen aed 18 6
a llowan e to wi tn es se s 18 7
Coun t Court Reg istrar has pow ers of examin e r 18 6
d e positi ons tak en in one C oun t Court to be e i dence in anoth er
18 6

h h

18 7

s ort and notes of,

I ND E X

33 1

E VI DE N CE IN C O U N TY C O U R T contin u ed
reg u la ti ons as to ai davits 18 7
e ami nat ion b R e eiver of Wre k pn md fa ci e proof of the
m atte rs con tain ed in i t 2 2 4
p ow e r of C nt Cou rt Reg i s tra r to admi nis ter oath s 2 6 1
ta ke n before Cou nt Cou rt Reg is trar re eiva bl e i n Cou rt of
A dmira lt 2 6 1
E A MIN ATION b Re e i ver of W re k as to s h ip i n d is tres s 224
opi es of to be e n t to B ar d of Tra de a d to Ll o d s 22 4
to b e p ri ma: fa ci e evi den e of the ma tters on t a in ed i n i t 2 24
E ORB I TA NT AM O U NT s etting as ide salvag e ag reement for

y c
y
y
y
y c

'

ou

97

EXORBITA NT DE MA ND S,
12 9
.

X
X

dimin ishi ng

lvag e

sa

in

c n eq en e
o s

E P E N SES to be dedu ted from v alu e 92 93


E P E N SES SA L V AGE stat u tor prov ision for pa
,

F A VO U R

rs t salvors in

to

dereli ct

as s of

5 7

yment

of,

22 7

of,

F EES OF RECE I V E R OF WR EC K S ee Re ei ver of Wre k 2 2 6


a ppl i a t i o n of 2 2 7
F EES OF C O AS T GUA RD for watching s hi pwre ke d propert

2 43

r e o vera bl e 2 43
F EE S IN C O U RT OF A DMIRA LTY 3 01 3 09
F EES IN C O U N TY C O U R TS 310 3 18
FINDE R OF WREC K to deliver it to R e ei ve r 2 2 5
if o w n e r t o g i ve n oti e to R e e i ve r 22 5
p enal t fo default 2 2 5
FIR E sa vin g fr om a sa l vag e s e rvi e 14 15
FIR S T SA LV OR S fa vou r ed in as es of dereli t 5 7
whe n fa vou red 6 5
a b an don me n t b
68
when re mun erated for actual s e rvi es 6 6 67 68 69 7 0
i n d i s tr es s a d help ed b othe rs 7 3
mis on d t of effe t on s e on d s et 7 3
FI S H IN G omp en sa tion for loss of in sa l ag e award 8 3 8 4
FI S H ING B O A T apportion men t of sal vag e bet ween own e r and re w
ho w

1 11

of,

c
c

3 32

IND E X

FLO ATIN G

of

FORE IG N E RS

l ag roun d

es se

sa

15 1
u ri

ag

15

e by s eame n of Royal Navy to vessel of

ec ty for release of vess el 2 3 9


FORE I G N SHIP life salvag e in ca e of 18
s e curity on rel eas e of a br a d 15 4 2 3 9
FORF E I TU RE for mi scond u ct 12 4
.

25 3

i n tances of, 12 5
o f prop or i on of
n g lecting to

l vag e for e mbezzl e ment 10 7


b e
deli e r wre k fou n d to Re e i er
FORMS of proceedin g s 2 7 2 to 2 80
of plead i n g s
2 8 1 to 2 96
Count Cou rt 2 97 to 300
FRAU D setting as ide ag r eemen t for 96
FRE I GHT salvag e on at in te rmedia te port 91 92
arre s t of how made 162

sa

cv

22 5

H A RD BARGAIN effect of o salvag e ag reement 99


H EARIN G in u ndefe n ded ca ses 16 6
atten dan ce of Trinit y Mas te rs how obtai n ed 17 5
view benyin17 5 tatement a t hearin 17 5
n o op
g
g
cross examination by ri val lvors 17 6
H EA RIN G of Cou nty Cou rt cas es 18 8 2 6 1
ti me for 18 9
n otice of 18 9
nauti cal asse s sors at 190
H I G H SEAS life salvag e on 18
H INDERIN G SALVAGE SE R V I CE p enalty for 234
H IRE R of salvin g ship when entitled to salvag e 2 8
HU NDRED w he n li abl e for pl nder of wreck 2 33 23 4
,

sa

I GNORAN C E of local it of mas ter effe t of on salvag e


INDUL GENCE to s alvors in u estions of costs 2 03 204
INFORMERS sal ag e ompensa ti on to 17
INJ U RE D VESSE L towag e of 4 4 45
IN S URA N CE See De iati on 8 5
,

v c
,

12

I ND E X

333

IN S URGE N T SLA VES res u e o f vess el from


,

IN S TI TU TE

fo rms

of

i pe to, 2 7 2

p I aec
'

IN S TITU TIO N 0 F CAUSE


in Cou n t Co u r t 17 9

16

16 1

INTE RM E DI A TE PORT

sa

l vag e of fr eig h t at

91, 92

J URI S DI CTION OF C O U N TY C O URTS 17 8 2 5 8


r es tri ct i n s as t 2 5 9
conn ed to C ou n ty C ou rt s a pp oi n te d b y Order i n C ou n ci l
J URI SDI CTION 0 F C O U RT OF AD MIRALTY 15 6 15 7
J US TI CES j u ris d i ction f 195 22 9
w hen sal vag e i C i n qu e P orts 196
w hen salvag e o h i g h s eas 196
m ode of proc eedi ng 197
,

o,

198

os ts,

25 9

n rrent j u ris di tion of Co rt of A d mi ral t 199


p unis h men t of sal vors for i mproperl sui ng in Cou rt of Ad miral t

co cu

2 00

ppeal from 2 09 2 29
en ui r into wre k or as u alt b 22 0
j u ris d i tion of ove r s alvag e di spu tes
di s retion of over osts of sal vag e arb it ration 2 29
prod u tion of do m e nt before in salvag e arbitra ti on 229
as s es s ors to i n salvag e d i pu tes 2 29
a w ard of whe n to be made 2 2 9
n oti e of appea l from when to b e g i ven 2 29
pro eeding s on wi thin w hat t ime to be ta ken 2 29
s t o u n lai med wr e k 23 2
u ris d i t io n of on d is p u te s
appe al from o wn e r f w hen to be made 2 3 2
mode of a ppe al 2 32
u r is d i ti on of
ext e nded to as es w here al ue u n der 1000l
a

q y
c
c
c

y y

j
j

c
d ct n ver
j t ce

2 43
io
u ris i
2 43, 2 44
rota of us i

c
c

sal vag

e claims aris ing

l vag e

s of s a

as s,

how

o u t of

ppoin ted

U ni ted King dom

2 44

LA NDS salvors en titled to cross 15 22 3


pe na lty on o wn e r fo imp ed ing sal vo rs 2 2 3
po n 2 2 3
salvors may de pos i t wr ec k
co mpe nsati o n to own e r o f for d ama g e 17 2 2 3
L ANDO WN E R salvag e compen s ation to 17 2 23
L EA VE to su e in Admiralty Court whe re g ranted 16 0
,

334

IND E X

L I BE RA L I TY in salvag e award s 8 0
L IE N of salvors on pr perty 143
L IF E SAL VAG E statutory provision for re ward for 17
w hen sal vag e on h ig h s eas 18
in cas e f fore ig n shi p 18
priority of 18
amoun t w here li fe a nd prope rty b oth saved 8 0
jwuherisnditcotibeon roefwCaourdedrt ofu AdfmMirae ltynitnlceas es of 1F5 7n 15 8
o t o
rca
i Mari n
u d 2 27
in case of Bri tis h vessel 25 3
remu n era t ion for wherever s ervi c e rendered 2 5 3
i n cas e of fo r e ig n vess el in B riti s h wa ters 2 5 3
LLOY D S copy of exa mination by R e cei ver of Wreck w ith res p ect
to vess e l in di s tress to b e s e n t to 2 2 4
noti ce of wr eck take n p os ses s ion of b y R e c ei ver to be s e nt to
,

LLOY D S AGE NT claim for salvag e by 49


L O CALITY ig noran ce of master of eect 12
LORD OF MANOR notic e of u n claimed wre ck when

22 6
l i r of u n laim
no i
of rig t to, to
i sp u s as to. how

to b e

cut

to,

de ve y
c
ed wre ck to 232
t ce
h
be g i ven to Re c ei ver
d te
de cided 2 32
L YIN G B Y a vess el a salvag e s ervi ce 8
MAGI S TRA TE clai m for salvag e b y 49
MA RIN E B O ARD e n qu iry in to cas u alty before sti pendiary mag istrate
who i s me mbe r of 2 20
MA RINE S TOR E DEALERS reg ulations to be observed by 2 85
MA RK of man ufact re r s n am e to be pla ced on an chors 237
p en alty for n eg l ec t 2 37
MAS TE R supplyin g a maste r a salvag e s er vi ce 14
MAS TE R OF VESSE L sal vors boun d to obey 5 6
ret urn of after l ea vi ng f as s is tan ce 5 6
au thority of to bi n d o wne rs by s al vag e ag reeme nt 96
proportion of salvag e a w ded to 105
American de cisi ons as to 107
MAS TE R S CE RTIFI CATE deli vering u p of to j u stices on en qu iry
i nto casualty 2 2 1
.

or

ar

IND E

335

M A TE proporti on of sal ag e awa rd ed to 10 6


M E N s upply ing men a sa l vag e s er i e 14
M E R CA N TIL E ASSESS OR appoin tmen t of i n Count C ourt cas es 2 6 5
MER CANTIL E M A RI NE F U ND re ward in g life s alvag e out of 2 2 7
ME SSE N GE R when a sal vor 12
MI SC ON DUC T of rs t salvors 7 3
effe t on se on d s et 7 3
red u cin g pro po rti on of sal vag e for 107
MISC ON DUCT 0 RN EGLI GE N CE effe t of on amou nt of sal ag e 124
forfe it ure for 12 4
ins ta n es of 125
di minu tion of sal vag e for 126
i ns ta n es of 12 6 to 12 8
obtru d in g s er vi es 12 7
e iden e of a e pta n e of se rvi e s 12 8
refus in g fu rthe r as s is ta n ce 12 8
e orbi ta nt deman ds 12 9
mis o n d u t m s t be onn e ted wi th s e rvi e 129
offen es ag ai n s t M e r ha n t S h ippin g A t 13 0 to 132
t 132
on us of proof of mis on d
con vi t io n b mag is tra te s effe t of 132
b ad fai th di min u ti on for 13 3
A meri a n law as to effe t of b ad fai th 134
robbe r b sal ors effe t of 13 5
Ameri a n la w as to 13 6
effe t of neg oci ati ons on 13 7
pleading h arg e of mi s o n d t 13 7 138
w hen to be pl ea ded 137 138
,

vc

c
c
c
v c cc
x
c c
c
c y
c
y y v
c
c
c

c c
cc c

c
c

c
.

N A U TI CAL ASSESS ORS in Cou nty Co urt sui ts 190 260


how a ppointed 190
how su mmon ed 190
fees to 190 191
d e pos it of fees for 190
lis t of how to be framed 26 1
a tte n da n e of 2 6 1
re mo al of 2 61
NA VY Ro al no salvag e laim to be made for injury to ship of or
los s of stores of 2 3 7
NE GL I GE N CE 0 F TUG effe t of on to wag e on tract 41
NEG OCIATION of own ers wi th sal vors effe t of on defence of mis con
du t 137
,

O BJEC TION S to pleading s

how ra is ed, 17 1

336

IND E X

O B LITE RATIN G marks on wre k p enalt for 234


O B TR UDIN G s ervi e of salvors d imin u tio n of salvag e for 12 7
e iden e of a eptan e of s erv i es 12 8
OFF E NCES in as e of wre k effe t of on mount of sal ag e 130 to 132
OPE NIN G statemen ts not ma de at hearing in Conrt of A dmira lt

v c
17 5

cc

ORDE RS of mas te r of ves s el al vors bon d to obe 5 5


O WN E R S A ND C REW a ppo rtionm en t of s alvag e between 109
when s alving ves el a tea mer 110
ded uction of re pa irs 111
w hen sal ving vesse l a shi g boa t 111
o wn e r s s ha re g e n e rall
ot b ove
moi et
111
effe t of a ward to o wn ers o s eparate la im of cre w 112
Ame ri an law as to proporti on of owner 112
O W N E RS w hen bo nd b s l vag e ag reem en t of mas ter 96
laim of to s al vag e s h re f a pprenti es 113
la im of to s lvag e s ha re f slave 114
O WN E R OF SA L V IN G VESSE L when en titled to custod of prop ert
s alved 14 5
O WN E R OF LA ND ompensat i on to for damag e i n rossin g to as sist
e ss el in d is tres s 22 3
p enalt for i mpedin g s lvors 22 3
O WN E RS 0 F W REC K ent itl ed to it after pa men t of s al vag e and
e p en s es 2 3 2
mus t esta bli s h l aim wi th in one ea r 232
s

c c

c
c

P A RTI CIPATION s hare of sal vor refusin g 114


P A RT O WN E R of both salving and sa lved vess els 3 0
P A RT performance of salvag e s ervi es when to be pai d for 9
PASSAGE C O URT OF on urren t u ris d i ti on wi th L i erpool Cou n t
Court 2 63
p owe r of ass essor of Cou rt to make g e n eral rules 2 6 6
P ASSE N GE RS re ward fo li fe s al vag e of 17
i n s h i p sa ved laiming to be sal vors 2 5 2 6
P ASSE N GE R SA LVORS proportion of s alvag e awarded to 108
PASSE N GE R S H IP salvag e b amou n t 8 2
PASSE N GE R S TEAME R am0 nt awarded for salvag e of 8 1
,

c c

I ND E X

3 37

P AY M E NT to be made to sal v ors e n titl ed 119


b own er of s alving ve s s el to be s et ou t in p etition
P AY M ENT I NTO C O URT on sa l va e ag ree men t 100
in li e u f b il 16 8
P AY M E NT OF MON EY O UT OF C O U RT 17 8
o t o f C ou n t
C o rt 18 2
P E TI TIO N ti m e f ling 16 9
PILO TS sal v ag e b 32
w he r e ves e l in d i s t re s s 3 3
vess el 3 4
r e ma ining b
w hen ve el outs ide pilot g e g ro nds 3 4
ac t in g o ts ide v o a t i n 3 4
a mbig u ou s s i g n l fo
35
pilotag e b u nli ens ed pilo ts 35
A me ri a n la w as to pi lot s alvo r 3 6
PIR A TES res u e of ve ss el from 16
PL EA DI NG S mi s on d u t w he n to be pl ea ded 13 7 138
f rm f 16 9
p eti ti n a d an s we r 16 9
a re b
w hen p eti ti on t be led 16 9
w he n an s we r to be l ed 16 9
pa rti e s b n d b y all eg a tion s in pl ea d ing s 17 0
on l u s i on w he n to be l ed 17 0
t im e to plead how obta in ed 17 0
17 1
o bj e t i on s to pl ea d in g s ho w ra is ed
w hen to be pri n te d 17 1
n on e i C n t C u rt 18 8
fo rms of 2 8 1 to 2 96
P L U N DER a d d is rde r a u thorit of R e ei ve r to s ppress b for e in
a s e s of wre k 2 2 2
P L U NDE R OF W REC K when H u n dr ed li able for 233 234
POR T b rin g i ng ves s el in to 15
PO S I TION OF V ESSE L as evi den e of d is tres s 4
ev i den e in as e of dereli t 6 1
PO SS ESS ION g iv in g u p prope rt not t affe t rig hts of sal vor 145
ho w l on g sa lvors m y ret i n 14 5 14 6
b Re ei ve r o f Wre k 146
PRZECI PE to in s t i tu te pa rti u lars to be i ns e r ted i n 16 1
f r w a rran t of a rre t 16 1
fo s e rvi e of wa rran t of a rr e s t 162
for a pp e ara n e p a rt i ula rs to be on tain ed i n 16 4
t o i ns t i tu te in C ou n t C ourt 18 0

y c
c
c
c c

r,

s,

ss

c c
c

ou

ou

c c

y c

s ,

c
y

y c

or

c
.

3 38

I ND E

PRE CIP E on ti n ued


to enter app ea ra n e 18 1
to i n s tit te form of 27 2
for warran t form of 2 7 2
for s ervi e o f warran t 2 7 2
PRIN TIN G evid en e 17 5
plead ing s 17 1
PR IORI TY of li fe salvag e 18
PRIVY C O UN CIL appeal to from C ourt of A dmiralt 2 06
appeal to in C ou n t Cou r t as es 2 0 9
PRO CEE DIN GS C O U NTY C O U RT insp e tion of 194
PRO CEEDIN G S BE FORE J USTI CES certi ed evi den e 2 30
PRO CEE DI NG S IN SU I T ins ti tu tion of ca s e 16 1
arr e s t of propert
16 1
pro eed ing s when alrea d arrested 16 3
a pp eara n e 16 4
pro eed ing s for de fault of a pp earan e 16 5
releas e o bail 166
pleadin g s 16 9
tender 17 1
eviden e 17 3
hearing 17 5
en for ing pa ment 17 6
sal e 17 7
en for ing j dg ment ag ai n st bai l 17 8
PRO CESS pow er of C ountyCo rt Reg istra r to issu e 262
PROOF OF AGR EE ME NT on u s of 100
for a b n don men t of sa l vag e proof of 117
PROOF or MI SC OND UCT on us of 132
PROOF of bon d e e uted abroa d 15 5
PROP E RTY RI S K ED eect of on amou nt 8 2
PROPORTION of prop ert sa ved to amou nt a warde d 8 9
PROTEST a ppearan e u n der 16 5
P UB LI C SE RVAN TS apporti on men t of sal vag e among 109
P UB L I C VE SSE LS Ameri an lai ms for sal vag e b 5 1 5 2
u

c c
c

c
c

y
.

xc

'

c c

y
pe rty ve by

RECE IVE R OF W R EC K valu ation of pro


app or tionm en t of salvag e b y 101
deten tion of vessel b 146
,

sa

93

D EX

IN

33 9

RE CE IV E R OF W REC K on ti n ued
de li ve r o f a rg o to 15 0
deli ver of wre k fo n d to 15 0
a pp oin ted b
B oard of Tr de 2 21
d t f w hen s h ip s tra n ded or in d is tress 2 21
take s omman d of p ersons pres en t o as s isting 222
222
p e n alt for d i s obe in g hi s d ire tion
not to in te rfer e bet w een mas te r and
re w of ves sel u nl ess re
u e s ted 2 2 2
au th ori t
for e 2 2 2
of to s u ppress pl n der and d i sorde r b
a th ori t
to s u mm n p ers n s to a ss i s t 2 2 2
ma y r e u ire a id of sh ip or b oat s and u se of arts an d hors es

y c
y
c
y
y
c
y
y
c
c
q
y
y c
y
q
c
p e n lty
n n c pli n ce with th i re q i t i n
c r w hed h re
be del vered
p e n lt y
ref in
del ver
e cretin c r
p we r Re c e ver
e iz e ch c r
b t t te
in b en c e th rity Rece i ver
b t t te
th rity
n t t te e x n ti n w th re p ect
h ip
d tre
ex in t i n
pr
f c e ev den ce
tter c nt in ed
wr e ck be deli vered by n der p en lty n e lect n
the n de r wn er the w e ck n t c e be ven Re ce ver
p e n lt y
def lt
pply
w rr n t
e rch c n c e led wre ck
r ew rd
n f r t i n c n c e rnin re c ver bl e
lv e
p t n ti c e wr e ck t ken p e i n by m
t ce be en t Ll yd w hen v l e ver
ell wr e c k when nder v l e W p er h ble

s,

for

go

as

for
of

2 22

om

as

&c

us

g to

to

to

u s

to, 222

g a g o, &c
2 22

u p or s

su

&c
of

o,

2 22

s su s i u
s, 2 2 3
su s i u
s of,
a s
o
, au
s in
au
o
a mi a o
i
s
to s
of, to i s i u
is
s s, 2 2 4
i ma a i
i
of ma
s
o
a
i n it,
am
a o
to be
2 24
i g to d o s o ,
to ,
a
for
to
;
g
225
i
o i
to
to
r
if
is o
of
,
,
gi
2 25
for
a
au , 225
for a a
for o
a
ma y a
to s a
, 225
22 5
o
as s a
ag
for i o ma o
o
a
a
g,
hi , 2 25 , 22 6
a
os s s s o
of
of
to os
o

s
a u
o
20 L, 2 2 5 , 22 6
o
to
s
to
no i
6
is a
u
a u of
or
ma y s
, 22
s of, 2 2 6
m
for f es, 2 2 6
ma
a m as s al o , 22 6
n ot to
2 2 6, 2 2 7
of T a
s of, t o b e s
oa
is u
as to
,
s to
a
how
, 227
o f sa
ag
a
o
o m
, 10 1, 2 3 0
u
u d
2 00l , 2 30
o ,
ag
s
to, for
a m
of sa
o o
to
s
o f ma o , 22 6
a m
o
of u
, t
14 6, 2 30
sa
ag
a im
ai
ss
o
of, t o
,
31
6
on s
u
m ay
as
, 14 , 2
mi a
in
mi
our t of
of s
u i
to
su i
a s s of 2 00 l , 2 3 1
o
, 2 31
g s u
6 , 17 7 , 2 2 6
o
of
sa
, 17
o
sa
on n on a m
t of sa ag , 23 1
of to s
o
sa
to a
a
w
, 2 31
a
i , 2 31
o
s of sa , how to
.

fee

riti e li e n
e
l i
vr
d p te
fee
ettl ed b B rd
r de
fee
be ppli ed
pp rti n ent
lv e b
p en t
lv e
d i t ri b ti n when n er
n ti e
n l i ed wre k be en t b
l rd
n r
p w er
det n ve el when lv e l ed
rel e e
e ri t
f en
e rt
be deter n ed b C
A d r lt
e
e n f r in e rit
l e pr p ert b
p we r
ell pr pert lved
p en
lv e
he n le t ke pl e
pr eed
le
be ppl ed

c y
c cy c y
c
c c yyy
.

340

I ND E X

R ECE I V E R O F WRE C K con ti n u ed


a pp oin t men t of v lu e r of wr e k b
2 44
deli ver u p of wre k b to p e rson lai ming
'

c yc

y
del very

c y
d i ch r e R
prej d i c e
th rd p rt e
R E F USAL del ver wre c k R e ce er p en lty
f rther i t n c e red cin lv e
n t c n e q en c e
it
l v e e e ct
pr p rti n
R E L EASE ve el by Re c ver Wre c k
ree ent
b ide dec i i n C rt Ad ir lty
c n eq ence di beyin rder C t Ad ir lty
rre tin f e r rele e by Re c e iver
pr p ert
b il
pr pe ty rre ted in C nty C rt
v l ti n bef re rele e
lv e b y e e n R y l N v y b r d
ec r ty when wner ve el f re n er
RE M C nty C t pr ceed n
be e the r
p er n
m
a

cei ver,

2 45

to

in

sa

of

of

for, 2 2 2
in o s

a mou

so

of,

as

18 4

of

148

for, 149

18 4

ou

ss

ig

15 4, 2 39
15 4, 2 3 9

oa
,

i g s may

o a

of

our

ou

s am

16 6

109

o ,

14 6, 231
of
ou
m a
of
of
o u r of
m a
, 149

o o

s o

ag

2 65

of

ou

245

s,

ag

of, on

as

on sa
u

sa

ei

on

a ua

ff

a t

of

ag

to
of

ss

o n ag
s

a ss s

i t, to

iv

to

up

ass s a

12 8

ti tl e of

to

no t

to

of

in

s o a m,

or

re

R E MO TE N ESS of damag e to sal v ing ves s el


R E MOVA L OF WREC K p en alt
,

R EM U NERA TIO N
R EPA IRS own ers
,

lvors

of s a

85

wrong fu l

for

2 34

t t ry pro vi s io n for

s ta u o

16, 2 2 7

lvi ng ess el entitled to ded u t before d i ision

of s a

111

RES TRI C TION S

as

to

pro eeding s i n H ig h C o urt

R E V E N UE OFFI C E RS Ame ri an
,

RI S K to salvors effe t of
,

to t u g ,

e ect of, on
'

cl i
e ect
,

ROBBERY b sal vors ff of


A m eri an l aw as to 13 6

5 4

2 60

l vag e

sa

135

43

e ect of neg ociati on,


'

lvag e b

A dmiralt

m to

, sa

of

13 7

RO YA L N A V Y s alvag e b s hips of 3 1
lai m fo salvag e b s eam en of 5 0
to la i m b
on s en t o f A d mir alt
5 0 237
detent ion of propert when salva g e b on h ig h s eas 15 1 2 39
2 39
to wha t p ort ve s el to be ta ken
s tate me n t s to be made 15 2 15 3 2 3 9
for r el eas e amou n t of how dete rmi n ed 15 4 2 39
s e uri t

cc

yy c
y

c y

DE X

IN

34 1

ROY A L N AVY conti nu ed


bon d for releas e 15 4 2 39
ad di tio nal s e u ri t w he n s hi p for e ig n 15 4 23 9
2 38
sal ag e b s e a me n of a broa d 2 3 7
in w h at as es ve s s e l sa ved to be ta ke n to p ort h a

c
y
y
c
,

oi cer,

237 2 38

vi

n l r

ng a co su a

be u nla den 2 3 7 2 3 8
SA LE OF SA L V AGE w hen void 117
SA L E whe re defa l t of app ea ran c e 166
by re cei ve r w hen to be m ade 17 6 17 7 226
by Cou rt how ma de 17 7
b y Cou n ty Co urt 192
w he re defen da n t u n k n o wn 192
trans fe r of sale to A d mira lty Cou rt 193 26 4
t ra n s fe r of sal e where dec ree appealed from 193
proce ed s of sa l e w here eve l s u its 193
of prop e rt y w he re a pp ea l l od g ed 2 0 9
b y Rec e i ver where u nder valu e of 5 L or p e ri s hable 2 26
pro ce ed s of ho w to be a ppli ed 2 2 6
by R e ceiver on n n payme nt of sal vag e 23 1
w he n to be ma de 2 3 1
proceeds of how to he appli ed 2 31
of un clai med w e c k by R e c e i ve r w he n to be made 2 33
a ppli ca t i on of pro c eeds 2 3 3
carg o n ot

to

ra

in g

c
y y

'

v
c
c
c

cc

r provision as to for ass is tin g ess el

s tatuto

li fe 17 2 2 7
sa v in g
a rg o 22 7
de ni tion of 1
i ng r edi e n ts of sal va g e s ervi ce 1
dis tres s ess e nt ial 2
exte n t of di s tress 2
a pprehens i on of dan g e r 3
w here i mmi n e n t thoug h n ot a tual 3
ves s el s posi tio n as evid en e of p eril 4
acce ptan e of as s istan e of s tra ng e rs 4
ris k to sal vors n ot ess e ntia l 4
actual assi s tan e m us t ha ve bee n re n dered
ess es s e n tia l 6
su
w here sal vors en g ag ed b shi p 7
Am eri an law as to 8
l in g b vess el a sa lvag e s ervi e 7
w here sa lvag e partl performed 9
whe r e eort aba n d on ed 10
trans hi pment 10
a d i e 10
ommu ni at i ng wi th sal i ng sh i p 12
in cas e o f colli sion 12 13
sa

SA LVAGE

4, 5

16, 2 27 .

342

IND E

SAL VAGE con tinued


s uppl i n g master and men 14
s av in g fr m re 14 15
sa i ng
a rg o as h or e 15
sav in g dri fti n g ti mbe r I 5
bri ng i ng vess el in to port 15
furnis h i ng a h or and h ain 15
oating vess el ag rou n d 15
raising s n ken vess el 15
res u e fr m pirates 16
res e from s laves 16
r es u e from en em 16

c
c
c

v c

SA LVORS differe nt s ets of


,

5 5

SA L VORS W H O MA Y BE 19
cre w may n ot g en erall be 19
may if ves s el ab an d on ed 19
w hat cons ti tu tes an abandonmen t 20 21
i f vess e l captu red b en em 2 1
if discharg ed from on tra t 2 2
Ameri an de ision s as to re w l aiming s al vag e 23
rew whe n a ti n g outs ide limi ts of du t 2 4
pass eng ers in s hip saved w hen entitl ed to salvag e 25
b aili arres ting e ssel w he n a sal or 2 6
s hi pown e r 2 6 2 7
hirer o f s h ip 2 8
char tered ve ss els of 2 8
associate d vess el 29
part own er of b oth ess el s 30
b oat own er as sal vor 30
R o al Nav vess els of 3 1
own e r of a rg o 31
when vess el in distress 3 3

y y
c cc c
,

c
c

d ty of to remain by V essel 3 4
w hen vessel ou ts i de pil tag e g rou n d s 3 4
pi l ot a cti ng out s ide hi s employ men t 3 4
ambi g u ou s si g n al s 3 5
con di ti on of s h ip e ect of on n tu r e of s ig n al
pilotag e by salvors not pi lots 35
,

tug s, 3 7 to 4 7
s i p a g n , 4 7 , 48

lo s a g n , 4 9
Ro a Na , 5 0
coas t g uar , 5 0, 5 3
Am ri an pu li ss ls , 5 1
or ig n war es s l, 5 3
Am ri an r nu oi cer, 5 4.
.

h
e t
L yd
e t
y l vdy
e c
b c ve e
f e
v e
e c eve e
.

26

y
c

35

I ND E X
S CO TLA ND, in qu iry in, as
L ord A dv o ca te, 2 21

to

3 43

or

ca su alty may b e remitted t o

it

16 4

w re k

SEA ME N, a pp ea ra n ce b y , t o sal vag e


all o wan c e to, as w itn es s es , 18 7

su

SECRETI NG WRECK, puni shmen t for, 15 0, 22 2

S ECURI TY, i n

sal

vag e

hig h

on

d ete rmi n e d, 15 4, 2 3 9
t b e tak en Re ei er of W re k on
s u f ien y of, how d et erm i n ed, 2 3 1

by

c c

vess els

by

s eas

of

Royal Navy,

how

c v

vessel

release of

23 1

S EIZI NG W RE CK,
S ELL ING WRECK

concea led from or n ot g iven up to Recei ver


ABRO A D fel o y how p un is ha b l e 2 35

22 2

SERV I CE O F W A RRA NT 0 F A RRES T,


how m a de, 162
form of p m ci pe for, 2 7 2

ti me for

16 2

S ET O FF, in
-

claim for proportion


c

o f sal

by

vag e

118

S HI P A G E NT, l aim for


w hen it wi ll l i e, 48

sal ag e

S HI P A L O NE,

t for sal vag e of void

47

ag reemen

S HI P A ND C A RG O ,
S HI P

OW NER
,

when

con trib uti on


en

otes of evi den ce b y

S I G NA L, A MB I G UO US, when

O F DI STRESS

vag e b y

titl ed to claim sal vag e

S HO RTHA ND W RI TE R,

S I G NA

to sal

97

s ee

ous

12 1

27

17 4

di s tres s, 35

a s i g nal of

A mb i g u

S i g na l , 35

cl aim of owne t o sal vag e shares of 114


de ag re ement 148
S TA TE MENT on relea se o f p rop e ty
w here sal vag e o hig h s ea s by Roya l Navy 15 2 15 3
S LA V ES ,

un

S TEA MER, sal ag e b y , 8 1


am u n t awar ed , 8 1
8 2, 8 3
t i me occu p i e
w her e s tea mer s umm n ed , 8 2
ap p r ti nm ent of sa l ag e w here
110

149

o
v

o o

sal

vi

ng

vessel

3.

s ea mer,

109,

S TORES of Royal Navy,


3 1, 23 7
.

no

s al ag e

claim t o

b e made in

ct of

resp e

34 4

I ND E

S TRANG ERS,

of s al

rel eas e

vor s effo ts 6
S UFFI CI ENCY O F BA I L o
d ecided 14 7
S UCCES S

cceptance of help from as evide ce of dis tress 4


O F RECE I V ER OF W RECK who may b e 22 3

S UBS TI TUTE
au th rity o f, 2 2 3

Receiver

by

of

W reck , how

S UI T FO R S ALV A G E,

j u i sdicti on of Court of A dmi ral ty 15 6


w he
co ty 15 6
alvag e w ithi
j uris dicti on i n case of life sal vag e 15 7 15 8
salvag e f passe g e s li ves 15 8
certi cate of costs i n cas es within j is di ction of j us tices
C o unty Co ts 15 8
l ea ve to s e i Admi ra l ty Cou rt w hen g r anted 160
S UNKEN S H IP 0 R G OO DS w hen derel i ct 6 1
n s

un

ur

ur

S UNKEN V E SSEL,

ii

ra s n g , a s al

S URETI ES, d i s harg e of, 16 7

vag e s ervice

15

osts i n Cou nty Co urt 195


TE MPO RA RY A BA NDONMENT d oes not make vess el a d ereli ct
TE NDER I N CO URT how ma de 17 1
n o tic e of ten der 17 2
cos ts tender of 17 2
val ati on a fter te der 17 2
p acti ce w hen tend er refus ed 17 2
p a cti ce w hen ten der rej ected 17 2
TAXATIO N o f c

TE NDER,
s ts i n a s es of, 2 0 4
in C unty C urt, 18 2

TI ME, d urati on of,


effe

co

ct of

o t of salvag e

on a m u n

or

to pl ead, b tai n i n g , 17 0
for lin g pr f, 17 4

oo

82

83

TRA NSFE Rof cau se from Cou nty Co urt to Ob u rt A d miral ty, 18 5
25 9
to other County Cou rt 18 5 , 2 60
at w hose i ns tan ce tran fer ma d e, 18 5
of s al e fro m C o u nty Co urt to C o ur t of A d miral ty 193
,
.

TRA NS HI PMENT,

s al ag e

b y , 10

I NDE X
TRI NI TY MA STERS ,
v iew b y , 17 5

tten dan ce of

34 5

how b tai n ed , 17 5

TUG S ,

b y, 3 7
d u ty of, un der t w ag e
ntra t, 3 7 , 38
d es n ot w a rra n t fu ll ment of n tra t, 38 , 3 9
b li g ati n ter mi nated b y me maj r , 39
bl ig ati n termi n ated b y un f reseen dang er, 39, 4 0
w he n d a mag e a u s ed
m is n du t of, 4 1
i n s ta n ce of sal ag e su p ers edin g t wa g e, 4 2
ris k to, e ect of, 43
a
ident b ef re mmen ement of t wag e, 44
w here es sel a l rea dy i n u re d, 4 4, 4 5

n eal me nt of ess el s i n ured


effe t of
nditi n, 4 6
a g reem en t o f, wi th
ess el i n d i s tress , 4 7
e xtra ser i es b y , 4 7

o
o

s al ag e

co

o
o

'

co
o

o
co

by

c
v

'

cc

o co

co c

vc

UMPI RE , i n

c
j
v

co

arb itr a

ti on b efore j us tices

how a pp inted , 2 2 9
fees of, 2 2 9
p wer of, to adm inis ter

197 , 2 2 9

UNCLA I ME D W REC K,

oath 2 29
n oti ce t o l or d of man o
.

&c

r,

by Re ceive

of,

226
to b e del ered to l rd of man r or p ers n en l ed, 232
w hen to b e d eli ere d u p , 2 32
di s p u e s a s to, how de ided, 2 32
n
i e of ri g ht to, to b e g en to R
e e er, 2 3 2
app ea l fr m d e is i n of
us ces in q
u es
ns of d sp u
w hen to b e made, 2 3 2
m de o f appea l, 2 32
s ale of, b y R
e ei er, 233
w hen t o b e m a de, 2 3 3
a pp li a t n of pr
eed s, 2 3 3

iv

ot c

tit

iv
j ti

c o

c iv

ti o

te

as

to

c v

c io
oc
UNDERW RI TE R appearan ce b y 16 4
UNFA I RA G REEME NT tow a ds salv ors w hen s et as i de 97 98
UNFORES EE N DA NG ER termination of t o wag e c o tra ct b y 39 4 0
UNKNO WN DEFE NDA NT enforcing d ecree ag ainst 192
UNL I CE NS ED PI LO TS Sa lvag e b y 3 5
UNLO A DI NG ca rg o b y sa lvors when p rohib ited 15 4
UNS EA W ORTHI NE SS of sal vin g v essel w hen salv o s ans wera ble for
da mag e t o property b y 14 2
UNS KI LFULNES S a mou nt of s kill l ooked for i n sa lvor 138
indulg ence if no ot her aid a t b and 13 8
.

346

I ND EX

UNS KI LFULNE SS

vo

c n ti n u ed

v t o co

t t

when s al rs pre en m re
mp e en p ers ns fr m
e e ct of w an o f s kill, 13 9
d m nu t n where the p r pert n u red, 140
lli s i n b etween the es sel s, 14 1

u ns kilful nes s of al vor s ag en t, effe


of, 141
d tt aft er s al ag e mpleted, 14 2

i i io
co o

V A LUATIO N b y

13 8

i o

cting

yi j

ct

co

Re ceiver

of

Wreck ,

93

vo

p r p ert b ef re releas e, s al rs en ti l e d to, 16 8 .


in ases of en der, 17 2
b ef re rel ease b y C u n t C u r , 18 4
al u er may b e a p p i n ted
Re ei er, 2 4 4
b e e iden e, 2 44
at es ted
p of a l u a t n
of

c
o

o
o

y o t
v
b
c v
t
co y v
io t o
v c
V ALUE certi cate of t o b e s en t b y j u stices t o Co urt

a ppea l,

2 30

A d mira lty

of

on

V A LUE OF S A LV ED PRO PERTY, how

when to b e ta ken , 91
b e dedu ted fr m, 92, 93
expens es

as cer ain ed,

90

to

V A LUE O F CA RG O ,

ct of on ag reement for xed sum


V A L UE Rof wreck to b e a pp oi ted b y Receiver when 2 44
V I E W b y T i n ity Mas ters 17 5
V I S M A JOR t erminati o n of t o wag e co ntract b y 39
V O L UNTEER S A LV O RS efforts of m s t b e s ccess ful 7
effe

95

W A R, FO REIG N S HI P O F,

sal

vag e b y

5 3

W A RRA NT O F A RRES T, 161

ho w ser ed, 16 2
f rm of prae ipe for, 2 7 2

WA TCHING ,

p ert

c
coast g uard
-

2 43

tchi ng

to b e pa d for wa

sh

ip wrecked

p ro

clusion of du ri ng hea i ng 17 6
all o wan ce t o i n Coun ty Cou t 18 7
WREC K whe to b e del i ve ed t o Re ceive 15 0
i nqu i i s i to w eck w he to b e ma de 2 19
whe o c oast by who m 2 19
i q i y at pla ce convenient to where witnes ses rs t arrive
i q i y b y pers on appointed b y Board o f T ade 2 19
i q i y into w eck or cas ualty b y j u s tices at s ug g es ti on of c oa st
g ard or c us to ms oi cial 2 20
inqu iry b y di recti on of Board of Trade 2 20

W I TNESS ES,

ex

r ,

r e

u r

u r

u r
u

r,

34 7

IND E X

j us ti ces have same p owers


ma y con vi cti o
r

o i

of s u mm n ng

as

in

cases

of

su m

n,

vag e and expenses

sa l

WRI TI NG, ag

ment for a ban donmen t

ree

n a s n s vnv , E V A NS , A ND c

o f s al vag e need

not

b e i n,

232

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi