01 - T - Bridge - 16.500 - Span

Dr.B.R.
AMBEDKAR PRANAHITHA-CHEVELLA
SUJALA SRAVANTHI PROJECT
DESIGN OF DLRB AT Km --- OF LEAD CHANNEL
FOR PACKAGE-6
CONTENTS
S.No
DESCRIPTION
CHECK SLIP
II
REPORT
III
NOTE ON DESIGN FEATURES
IV
DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Page No
1. HYDRAULIC PARTICULARS OF CANAL
2. VENTWAY & CLEAR SPAN
3. AFFLUX BY MOLES WORTHS FORMULA
4. SCOUR DEPTH
5. DESIGN OF CANTILEVER SLAB
6. DESIGN OF SLAB PANEL
10
7. DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL GIRDER
15
8. DESIGN OF INTERMEDIATE CROSS GIRDER
22
9. DESIGN OF END CROSS GIRDER
27
10. DESIGN OF PIER
31
11. DESIGN OF ABUTMENT
50
12. DESIGN OF RETURN WALLS
54
13. DESIGN OF ELASTOMERIC BEARINGS
56
DRAWINGS
I) INDEX MAP
II) GRID PLAN
III) LS & CS OF CART TRACK
IV) PLAN PROFILE
V) GENERAL PLAN & SECTIONS
VI) R.C.C. DETAILS OF SLAB
VII) R.C.C. DETAILS OF GIRDERS
VIII) R.C.C. DETAILS OF PIER, PIER CAP & FOOTING
IX) BEARING DETAILS
X) BAR BENDING SCHEDULE
CHECK SLIP TO ACCOMPANY THE SITE SURVEY OF BRIDGES

Dr.B.R.Ambedkar Pranahitha-Chevella Sujala Sravanthi
PACKAGE-6
SLRB at Km 0.355
Sl.
No.
Description
Remarks
Has an index map to a scale of 1:50,000 showing the proposed

location of the bridge and the canal, alternative sites
investigated and rejected with reasons and general topography
of the country and the important towns and villages etc., in the
vicinity been furnished?
YES
Has a contour survey plan to a scale of 1:5000 (with 1.0m

contours) showing all topographical features extending to a
considerable distance all-round the structure, features that
influence the location and design of the Bridge and its
approaches been furnished?
YES
a)Are all sites of crossing with consideration shown in the plan?
YES
Has a site plan to a scale of 1:500 showing details of the site

selected and extending not less than 100m upstream and
downstream from the centre line of crossing and covering the
approaches to a sufficient distance not less than 500m on either
side and along with the following information been furnished?
YES
a)Have the name of the road and its destinations on either side
been noted?
YES
b)Are the canal proposals showing banks indicated in red

pencil?
NO
c)Have the alignment of the existing approaches and proposed

crossing and its approaches been shown?
YES
d)Is the angle and direction of skew if the crossing is aligned on

a skew been marked? If so, is it examined whether the skew
crossing can be avoided?
It is a Cart track
crossing. bridge
will be
constructed
perpendicular to
canal
e)Has the reference to the position (with description and

reduced level) of the B.M. used as datum been furnished?
YES
f)Have the lines and identification numbers of cross sections

and longitudinal section taken within the scope of the site plan
and the exact location of their extreme points been given?
YES
g)Have the trial pits or boring particulars with ground levels

been given? If so, do they satisfy the following conditions?
YES
i)Has the location or identification of each trial pit been shown?
YES
ii)Are the trial pits dug at suitable intervals so as to cover the

entire area of structure?
iii)Have the trial pits been dug up to H.R., stratified rock or any
hard soils suitable for foundations?
YES
YES
Has a cross section of the proposed canal site, of the proposed

crossing (Scale 1:100, Horizontal 1:100 vertical) extended along
the approach roads or railway line, showing the existing road
formation levels been furnished?
a)If so, are the hydraulic particulars of the canal viz, F.S.D
Maximum discharge longitudinal slope etc., given
Has the L.S of the canal showing site of crossing extending to
100m on either side been given?
Has a note on the important details of the Bridges if any for this
road within a reasonable distance been furnished?
YES
YES
YES
NO
Has a condensed L.S. showing the lists of the bridges and other
masonry works 3kms upstream and downstream of the
proposed crossing been enclosed?
NO
Is the necessity for the present bridge and any possibility of

diverting the road through near by bridge examined? If so, are
the economics between diverting the road and constructing a
new bridge studied?
Location
approved
Has the canal mileage to the centre of bridge and road mileage
to the center of canal been noted?
It is cart track,
hence its mileage
is not noted
10
Has the class of loading expected on the bridge been furnished?
YES
11
Has the cross-section of the road been taken 500m on either

side? In case of railway embankment is it extended further?
YES
12
Are the rough proposals depending on site conditions marked?
NO
13
Have any special features and relevant information been

furnished?
NO
DR.B.R. AMBEDKAR PRANAHITHA -CHEVELLA SUJALA SRAVANTHI PROJECT

DESIGN OF DLRB @ Km --- OF LEAD CHANNEL
FOR PACKAGE -6
Note on Design Features

1. INTRODUCTION
The alignment of Gravity canal of Package-6 Crosses the cart track @ Km. 0.355 connecting to Fields
where a single lane bridge is proposed in the approved L.S. Hence the design is taken up according to
the relevant I.R.C codes adopting the following Hydraulic Particulars.
2. THE FOLLOWING ARE THE HYDRAULIC PARTICULARS OF CANAL:
S.No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Description
Discharge
Bed Width
Full Supply of depth
Side Slopes
Bed Fall
Value of Rugosity
Free Board
Velocity
Top width of Banks (L/R)
CBL
FSL
TBL
GL
RL
Units
Cumecs
m
m
m
m/sec
m
m
m
m
m
m
Particulars
624.170 / 555.542
126.000
3.000
1 : 1 / 2 :1
8000
0.018
1.000
1.871
7.00
/ 3.500
+ 230.000
+ 233.000
+ 234.000
+ 242.000
+ 242.000
3. ROAD LEVEL
The GL is 8m higher than TBL @ the road crossing. Hence the road level is fixed at GL i.e +242
4. VENTWAY & AFFLUX
Width @ GL is 165. Hence vents of 15.790m clear span are proposed with central Piers.Girder bridge is
proposed under the bridge. Thickness of slab is 215 mm and the thickness of W.C is 75mm (Avg). The
Bottom level of beam works out to +240.05. The length of deck is -0.020. The balance length will be
covered with returns. The area of obstruction due to the Piers is 9.6m causes an afflux 1.089 cm at the
structure which can be allowed.
5. SCOUR DEPTH
Mean depth of scour (DSM) is worked out adopting the formulae
DSM =
Db2
1.34
1/3
Ksf
where
Db =
Ksf =
DSM =
discharge/m width,
silt factor and
Mean Scour depth.
PACKAGE-6 / SLRB @ Km 0.355
fully buried and away from side slope.

6. ABUTMENT
The abutments are fully in buried condition. They are designed for direct loads due to self weight of deck
& W.C. and live load reaction. In addition to this braking force due to brake and frictional force due to
temperature variation are also considered. The pressures due to back fill soils are also considered
computing as per T.V.A. procedure. The unit weight of earth as 2100 kg/m3, unit weight of plain C.C. as
2400 kg/m3, and unit weight of R.C.C as 2500 kg/m3 are considered. The value of & of soil are
considered as 32 & 16 respectively. 1.2 m height live load surcharge is considered on back fill soils.
The base width of abutment works out to 3.9330 m adopting 1 in 3 front batter and top width as1300
mm. Abutments are proposed to be constructed in VCCM15 using 40 MSA. The foundation under
abutments is 500 mm in VCCM10. The maximum stress on soils is 24.79t/m and minimum stress 4.383
t/m.
7. PIER
Four piers of 9.985 m height semi circular cut waters are proposed. The thickness of pier is 1.60 m
uniform. It is designed for direct loads from longitudinal moments due to water currents and moments
due to wind forces. Moments due to eccentricity of live loads in Canal flow direction & Road way direction
are also considered.
The pier is Proposed in VCC M20 with neccessary reinforcement . Foundation level of pier is proposed at
1.500 m below the bed level i.e. at +228.5.The foundation is in VCC M10. The maximum stress in
concrete is 245.517 t/m and on soil 63.527 t/m.
8. RETURNS
The returns are designed for saturated earth pressures due to back fill soils computed as per TVA
procedure. 1.2 m height of surcharge over backfill soils are considered. They are proposed to be
constructed in VCCM15. The maximum stress at the base is 9.544t/m and on soil it is 7.82 t/m. Parapet
walls of 600 mm height above kerb level are proposed on either side of road above the returns. They are
also proposed in VCCM15 using 40 MSA.
9. DECK
The deck is 4.25 m in-between kerbs.The width of kerb & solid parapet wall is 225mm and 160mm
respectively.The width of deck beyond main girder is designed as cantilever slab.The cantilever slab is
designed by effective dispersion method.The panels in between girders are designed adopting
coefficients given S.E.R.C. issued by I.R.C.Thick ness of deck is 215mm in-between panels and the
cantilever portion is 275mm at support and 150mm at the end.
The Deck consists two main girders placed at 2.2m c/c and five cross girders placed at 5.5 m c/c.The
Slab is designed for one lane of IRC class A loading as per relevant codes. It is proposed in VRCC M20.
The thickness of slab works out to 215 mm for 5.5845 m effective span. The main reinforcement is 12
mm @ 150mm c/c and distribution reinforcement is 10 mm @ 300mm c/c is proposed. 20 mm thick
simple expansion joints are proposed at the free ends of slab over abutment, Piers.The joints are
proposed to filled with Asphaltic joint filler.
10.MAIN GIRDER
As the Span is more than 10.00m girders are proposed to support the deck. Two girders of 2.50m c/c are
proposed.
11.CROSS GIRDER
Since the span of Main girder is more than 10m hence cross girders are provided at 5.5m c/c connecting
the Main girders.
12.BED BLOCKS & BEARINGS
R.C.C.bed blocks are proposed over abutments.Over bed blocks and hammer head over the pier bearing
pedestals are proposed.Over pedestals Elasomeric bearings are proposed toreduce the frictional force
due to change in temperature. The dimension of bearing pedestal is 700 x 520 x 150mm and size of
Bearing is 500 x 320 x 80mm.
10. APPROACH AND APPROACH SLAB
15.00 m straight approaches to be formed on either side of bridge with slab level and from there it is to
be joined to the existing RL with 1 in 20 gradient to negotiate the difference in levels as per site
condition. 3500 mm length approach slab of 150 mm thick is to be laid on either side of bridge in VRCC
M20 using 12 mm bars @ 150 c/c both ways @ top & bottom . The approach slab to be laid over 225
mm thick well compacted gravel base.
DR.B.R. AMBEDKAR PRANAHITHA -CHEVELLA SUJALA SRAVANTHI PROJECT

DESIGN OF DLRB @ Km --- OF LEAD CHANNEL
FOR PACKAGE-6
1.0 Hydraulic Particulars
S.No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
13
Description
Discharge R / D
Bed Width
Full Supply of depth
Side Slopes
Bed Fall
Value of Rugosity
Free Board
Velocity
Top width of Banks (L/R)
CBL
FSL
TBL
GL
RL
Units
Cumecs
m
m
Particulars
624.170 555.542
126.000
3.000
1:1
/ 2 :1
8000
0.018
1.000
1.871
8.000
/ 5.00
+ 230.000
+ 233.000
+ 234.000
+ 242.000
+ 242.000
m
m/sec
m
m
m
m
m
m
2.0 Ventway & Clear Span:

As the G.L is higher than TBL hence RL is fixed @ G.L
Depth of Cut
12.000
=
m
Depth of cut more than 7.5m hence provide Berms on either side of canal section
Height of Berm
5.000
=
m
No. of Berms
2
=
Nos
Width of Berm
3.000
=
m
Total width of Berms
12.000
=
m
1st Berm Level
+ 234.000
=
2nd Berm Level
+ 239.000
=
Width @ GL
=
126.000 +
( 239.000 230.000 )
( 242.000 - 239.000 ) x 1.5 x
=
165.000 m
provide
Vents of
17.37 m over all span with
Thickness of Slab
Thickness of Wearing Coat
Depth of Longi beams
R.L. fixed @ G.L. i.e.
Bottom Level of beam
215
mm
75
mm
1660
mm
+ 242.000
m
=
+ 242.000
- 1.875
Vertical Clearance
=
=
Provide a berm at level
Length of Deck
=
240.05
7.050 m
+ 235.000
x 17.37
-0.020
Length of Return/parapets
Road Level =
+ 242.000
- 0.075
>
-+ 1
<
82.510
233
1.2 m
x 0.02
165.000
x 1 x
2.00
2+
2x 2x3
-1 nos
Central Piers with pier head.
240.05
Hence OK
RETURNS REQUIRED
3.0 Afflux by Moles Worths formulae

h=
V2
17.85
+ 0.0152
A2 - 1
a2
Where A = Area of normal canal flow

a = Area of flow under the bridge
V = Velocity in the normal canal section
A =
( 126 +
1 x
3.000 )
x 3
387.000 m2
=
Thickness of Pier
1.60
Area of the Piers Obstruction of flow
width
=
=
=
Area under the bridge is
=
=
1.60
x
9.6 m2
387.000
377.400
m2
h =
1.871
17.85
0.1961
0.0152
0.052
=
=
=
3.000
x
( For -3 Piers )
9.600
Afflux
height
0.211
0.011 m
1.089 cm
0.0152
387.000
377.400
x 1.05
<
cm
- 1.00
Can be allowed
4.0 Scour Depth

Normal dsm =
1.34
Db2
Ksf
1/3
Canal width at FSL = 132.000 m

Db = discharge / m width =
Where
555.542
+ 132
2
4.307
Cumecs/m
126
=
Ksf =
Dsm=
1.34
Silt factor
4.307
3.5
3.5
for boulder
2 1/3
Dsm=
1.34
1.74339359
Dsm= 2.336 m
Maximum scour depth
=
1.5
x
2.336
=
3.504 m say
3.500
Scour Level =
=
=
Provide Pier foundation bottom
FSL
233.000
229.500
@
3.500
3.500
which is 0.500 m
1.5
below CBL
m below Bed Level i.e.
228.5
Since the canal is in deep cut,abutment foundation level is provided at 0.500m above the berm level.
Then the abutment foundation level is =
236.72
5.DESIGN OF CANTILEVER SLAB

DATA :
Cantilever
Assuming depth of can. Slab at support
Assuming depth of can. Slab at end
Thickness of wearing coat
width of longitudinal beam
Clear cover for bottom bars
Assuming depth of panel Slab
Width of Kerb
Height of Kerb
Width of Carrage way
Overall Width
Height of Parapet wall above Kerb
0.16
0.875
(L)
(t)
(W)
=
=
=
=
=
Bw
1.260
0.275
0.11
0.075
0.3
40
0.215
0.225
0.225
4.250
5.020
0.6
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
m
m
m
m
m
mm
m
m
m
m
m
m.
242.825
0.225
0.15
242.225
500
0.225
0.11
150
275
0.385
0.725
1.110
1.260
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
75 mm
242
241.925
215
241.71
0.3
Grade of Concrete
Grade of Steel
Permissible Compressive Stress
Permissible Tensile Stress
Modular Ratio (Es/Ec),m
(As per clause 303.2.1 Table 7 of IRC 21-2000
k =
0.259
J =
0.914
Q =
8.290
M20
Fe 415
7.00
200
10
Mpa
Mpa
(As per clause 303.1 Table 6 IRC 21-2000)
Type Of Loading :
Class A
Live Load BM calculations
Impact factor =
4.5/(6+L) =
4.5
6 +0.725
= 0.669
However the Max.Value of impact factor for Class A Loading is
The minimum clearance (i.e) , f =

150mm
face of the kerb. ( ' f ' depends upon the carrage way width )
Tyre width of 11.4t load

Bredth of ground contact area of 11.4t wheel
=
=
Average thickness of cantilever slab
0.500
only
between the outer edge of the wheel and the roadway
0.5 m
0.25 m
150+275
2
212.5 mm
The loading will be as shown in fig.

(As per clause 305.16.2 (2) (I) of IRC 21-2000
Effective width of dispersion is computed by the formula
1.2 x + bw
where
=
=
=
=
=
=
distance of C.G of load from edge of cantilever

1.11-0.385
0.725 m
725 - f - b / 2
725-150-250
325 mm
bw =
bw =
e = (1.2x325) +400
i.e
725 mm
Tyre width +2 times W.Coat

250+ 2 x75=
400 mm
=790mm
Dispersion width along span of cantilever

= Tyre width +2x(w.c+Avg slab.canti slab.Thick)
= 500+ 2(75+212.5)=
=
1075 mm
i.e 1.075 m
some portion of dispersion width goes beyond the edge of cantilever.
500
wc
790
400
725
325
Considering Dispersion width in cantilever portion =

As Per I.R.C Class A loading Maximum
For one wheel =
11.4/2
Live load / meter width =
725
=
11.400 M.T
= 5.700 M.T
5.700
0.790
= 7.215 tonnes
Load over cantilever portion =
0.725x7.215
1.075
Max. Bending Moment due to live load in Cantilever portion
= 4.866 t
= W x L/2
=
4.866x0.725
= 1.764 t-m
2
Max. moment due to live load impact
= 1.5 times of Live Load moment
= 1.5x1.764
= 2.646
t-m
Weight of materials, As per I.R.C 6-2000
R.C.C =
2.50
P.C.C
2.40
t / m3
t / m3
DEAD LOAD calculations:

Self weight of slab (Rec. portion)
Self weight of slab (Tri. Portion)
Weight of wearing coat
Weight of kerb
Weight of parapet
=
=
=
=
=
1.11 x 0.11 x 2.5x2

0.5 x 1.11 x 0.125 x 2.5x2
0.725 x 0.075 x 2.4
0.385 x 0.225 x 2.5
0.16 x 0.6 x 2.5
=
=
=
=
=
0.611
0.347
0.131
0.217
0.240
1.545 t
BM calculations:
DESCRIPTION
Self weight of slab (Rec. portion)
Self weight of slab (Tri. portion)
Weight of kerb
Weight of n hand rail
LOAD
Total BM due to DL+LL,MB =
2.646+0.96
Using
12
Effective Depth Available
dia bars with Clear cover

= 275 - 40 - 6
Effective depth required
Area of steel required
12
Spacing required
12
Bars @
Area of steel provided
360600
829
= 8.614 Sq.cm
mm i.e
1.131 sq.cm
(PI) /4 x
D2 x 100
Area of Steel Required
1.131
8.614
13.129
cm
125 mm c/c
(A)
=
Provide
22.9 Hence Ok
= 113.097
=
t-m
i.e 22.90 cm
<
3.606x 10
2000x0.914x22.9
Area of each bar
0.339
0.128
0.047
0.199
0.247
0.960
40
= 229.00 mm
20.856
=
MOMENT
1.11 / 2
1.11 / 3
0.725 / 2
0.385 / 2 +0.725
1.03
= 3.606 t-m
3.606x10
8.29x 100
Depth Required =
LEVERARM
0.611
0.347
0.131
0.217
0.240
= 100.00
10
x 1.131
= 11.3100 cm2
>
8.614 cm2
Hence Ok
Minimum steel requirement: As per Cl 305.19 of IRC 21 2000

Min area of steel required (0.12%)
0.12 x 27.5 x 100

100
330
100
= 3.300
Distribution steel requirement: (As per clause 305.15.1 of IRC:21-2000)

= 0.3 x L.L_moment + 0.2 x D.L_moment
LL_Moment (Max. of LL)

DL_Moment (Max. of DL)
= 2.646 t-m
= 0.960 t-m
=
0.3 x LL + 0.2 x DL
For live load
= 0.3x2.646
= 0.794
cm2
For dead load
Area of each
Spacing required
= 0.192
cm2
Total
0.2x0.96
= 0.986
cm2
0.986x 10^5
2000x0.914x22.9
10 mm dia bar = 78.571 sq.mm
0.786
2.355
x 100
= 5 x 22.9
Spacing :
5 x effective depth
Spacing should not be more than 300mm
Hence provide
10 mm dia bar
@ 290
Area of Distribution steel provided =
2.355 cm2
= 0.786 cm2
= 33.376 cm
= 114.500 cm
mm c/c
2.7103448276 cm2
(B)
> 2.355
Hence OK
cm2
CHECK FOR SHEAR :

Shear force due to DL
Shear force due to LL
Shear force due to LL with impact
= 1.545 t
= 4.866 t
= 0.500 x 4.866
Max. shear force due to LL+DL V
2.433+1.545
Actual shear stress, c= V / (b x d)
3.978x1000
22.9x100
Ast x 100
bd
= 11.310 x 100
100 x 22.9
= 2.433
= 3.978 t
=
1.737 kg/Sqcm
= 0.494 %
As per Table:23 of IS .456-2000

For steel
0.49 %
Grade concrete
M20
Ast x 100/ b x d
0.25
0.5
tc value
0.22
0.3
0.25
0.08
Permissible Shear stress, tc value

1.74 Kg/sq.cm
Shear force taken by concrete
= 0.298 N /Sq.mm
= 2.981 Kg/ Sq.Cm
<
2.98 Kg/sq.cm
Hence OK
=
2.9808x100 x22.9
1000
= 6.826
>
3.978 t
Hence OK
BAR BENDING SCHEDULE

Dia of bar
(A)
Shape
Spacing (mm)
Nos
Length (m)
Total L (m)
Unit Wt
Total Wt (Kg)
Main
top
12
125
139
1.850
257.076
0.889
228.541
A1
bottom
10
125
139
1.375
191.07
0.617
117.89
(B)
Distribution
top
10
290
17.29
86.45
0.617
53.34
B1
bottom
10
290
17.29
86.45
0.617
53.34
6.DESIGN OF PANAL SLAB

DATA :
Overall Span
Spacing between longitudinal Girders 'b'
c/c Spacing between cross Girders 'l'
=
=
=
17.37
2.200
5.500
Size of panel ( b x l )
Assuming thickness of slab t
Width of longitudinal Girder
Width of cross Girder
Clear cover to bottom bars
=
=
=
=
=
=
12.100
0.215
0.075
0.300
0.300
40
Grade of concrete
Grade of Steel
(As per clause 303.1 Table 9 IRC 21-2000)
Permissible Flexural Compressive stress
Modular ratio (Es/Ec), m
Permissible Tensile stress
(As per clause 303.2.1 Table 6 IRC 21-1987)
M20
Fe415
m
m
m
m2
m
m
m
m
mm
5.585
2.369
=
=
=
K =
J =
Q =
Using Main Reinforcement of

Effective depth Available
7.00
10
200
MPa
MPa
0.259
0.914
8.290
12 mm
= 169
= 0.169
= 215 - 40 - 6
dia bars
mm
m
16.900 Cm
Density of Concrete
R.C.C =
2.50
t/m3
P.C.C =
2.40
t/m3
As Per clause IS 456-22.2

B = b + Eff.Depth
L = l + Eff.Depth/2
Effective Size of the panel:
Eff. width of the panel
Eff. length of the panel
B =
L =
2.2+0.169
5.5+0.169/2
= 2.369
= 5.585
m
m
According to S.E.R.C. Design tables for Concrete Bridge Deck slabs for IRC loading:
Corresponding to a,b Tables104,105 &121,122
where a = Dimension in the direction of traffic (metres)

b = Dimension normal to the traffic (metres)
Dead load calculations:
due to self weight of slab
due to wearing coat
=
=
0.215 x 2.5
0.075 x 2.4
=
from Table 4, the moments for a dead load of 1 t/m^2 are

Dead load Moments in the slab:
1
for b= 2.25
key chart no
M xc
5.50
104
37.80
5.75
121
36.14
= 5.585
= 2.369
m
m
= 0.538
= 0.180
0.7175 t/m2
M yc
214.42
214.73
M xe
-284.47
-284.01
M ye
-421.88
-421.76
10
5.585 m
37.239
214.525
-284.315
-421.839
11
2
for b =2.5
5.50
5.75
key chart no
105
122
5.585 m
for b =2.369
2.25
2.50
Table no
1
2
2.369 m
M xc =
Myc =
M xe =
M ye =
31.985
170.938
-227.699
-336.964
0.718 x 44.579
0.718 x 238.241
0.718 x -317.35
0.718 x -469.636
M xc
53.71
50.60
M yc
263.88
265.27
M xe
-353.90
-353.36
M ye
-521.81
-523.12
52.66
264.35
-353.72
-522.25
M xc
37.24
52.66
M yc
214.52
264.35
M xe
-284.31
-353.72
M ye
-421.84
-522.25
44.58
238.24
-317.35
-469.64
M xc
520.74
521.07
M yc
862.65
863.57
M xe
-1311.78
-1306.77
M ye
-1324.33
-1325.62
520.85
862.96
-1310.09
-1324.77
M xc
572.68
571.25
M yc
964.42
966.30
M xe
-1474.08
-1468.62
M ye
-1476.41
-1478.20
572.20
965.06
-1472.23
-1477.02
Kg-m
Kg-m
Kg-m
Kg-m
Live load calculations:

from Table 3 ,The Impact coefficients for class A loading as per
Indian Road Congress code5 (clause211.2) works out
to be 33.33% for M xc and 47.33% for M ye
1
for b =2.25
5.50
5.75
key chart no
104
121
5.585 m
2
for b =2.5
5.50
5.75
key chart no
105
122
5.585 m
for b =2.369
Table no
M xc
Myc
M xe
M ye
2.25
2.50
1
2
520.85
572.20
862.96
965.06
-1310.09
-1472.23
-1324.77
-1477.02
545.29
911.56
-1387.27
-1397.24
2.369
Live load Moments inclusive of Impact coefficient are:

M xc =
Myc =
M xe =
M ye =
1.333 x
1.4733
1.333 x
1.4733
545.292
x 911.558
-1387.269
x -1397.237
726.874
1343.636
-1849.23
-2059.527
Kg-m
Kg-m
Kg-m
Kg-m
758.859
1514.574
-2076.929
-2396.491
Kg-m
Kg-m
Kg-m
Kg-m
Total Moments: ( D.L + L.L )

M xc =
Myc =
M xe =
M ye =
31.99+726.87
170.94+1343.64
-227.7+-1849.23
-336.96+-2059.53
12
Applying Continuity coefficient of 0.8 as recommended by Pigeaud,

Design Bending Moments will be
M xc =
Myc =
M xe =
M ye =
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
x
x
x
x
Maximum (+ve) Bending Moment

M =
Depth required
758.859
1514.574
-2076.929
-2396.491
1211.6592
607.0872
1211.6592
-1661.5432
-1917.1928
Kg-m
121165.92 Kg-cm
sqrt( M / (Q*b))
=
=
Q=
B=
8.290
100
SQRT(121165.92/(100x8.29)
12.09
Area of steel required =
cm
<
16.9
Hence OK
cm
M
t.j.d
121165.92
2000 x 0.914 x 16.9
Provide
Kg-m
Kg-m
Kg-m
Kg-m
cm2
3.922
12 mm
area of each bar =
Spacing required =
Provide
113.14 mm2
1.13 sq.cm
1.130 / 7.533
12
dia bars @
Area of steel provided =
= 15.001
150 mm c/c
(C)
7.533 Cm2
1130
150
= 3.922sq.cm
<
Area of steel provided =7.533

Hence ok
cm2
As Per Cl:305.19 of IRC 21 -2000

Min Area of steel required (0.12%)
0.12x21.5x100
100
= 2.580
cm2
Check for-ve Bending Moment

Area required to take care of -ve reinforcement at supports =
Area taken by bent up bars =

Area taken by top mat =
1130/ 2 x 150
1130/ 300
-1917.19 x 100
2000 x 0.914 x 16.9
=
=
= 6.206
###
###
###
cm2
>
Hence OK
###
Distribution Reinforcement
M.R =
(0.2x L.L .Moment + 0.3 x Dead Load moment)
Live Load moment
Dead Load moment
Area of Steel Required as Dist;,steel
1343.636 x 0.2
170.938 x 0.3
=
=
268.727
51.281
320.008 Kg-m
0.320008 x 10 5
2000*0.9*25.2
or
0.320008 T-m
= 1.036 cm2
13
Area of each
10
= 0.786 cm2
= 78.571 sq.mm
Spacing Required
0.78571x 100 /1.036
However Provide
10 mm dia bar
Check for Shear
Dispersion width in the direction of span =
75.841 cm
@ 300
mm C/C
width of tyre =
500
0.5 + 2 (0.215+0.075) =
(D)
1.08 m
Max Shear force, the load placed at distance 1.08/ 2 =0.54m from the edge of position second load
will be on other beam
1.8 m
0.540 m
0.5 m
0.075 m W.C
2.200 m
0.3m
0.3m
Effective Width = K x (1-x/L)+bw

l =
2.2 m
m (clear span)
b=
5.5 m
m (clear span)
K =b/l
2.5
bw =
0.215 + 2 x 0.075
x = 0.540
Effective width =
1.384
Distance between two wheels
Ave; effective width /wheel =
= 0.365
1.2 m
0.5x(1.384+1.2 ) =
Total load per wheel
1.292 m
5700 Kgs
Load Per metre width of beam

Shear force =
Hence the effective width will overlaps
5700/1.292 =
4411.765x (2.2-0.54)/2.2
S.F including Impact
1.5 x 3328.877
4411.765 Kg
= 3328.877
Kg
= 4993.316
Kg
Dead load of slab /meter

Dead load of wearing coat /meter
S.F Due to Dead load
= 0.538 t/m
= 0.180 t/m
= 0.718 t/m
W x L/2 =
Total shear force(V) due to D.D+L.L

Nominal Shear stress =
V
bd
0.718x2.2
2
789.8+4993.316
5783.116
169
= 0.790
=
789.8 Kg
5783.116 Kg
= 0.034 Kg /mm2
= 0.340 N/mm2
Permissible shear stress

Ast provided
7.533 Sq.cm
100 Ast /bd = 7.533x 100 / 100 x 16.9

0.446 %
Permissible shear stressc is calculated from Table 23 of IS 456-2000
14
For 100 Ast / (b d) =

100Ast /(b d)
0.446 %
M20
0.25
0.5
0.22
0.3
For
tc =
0.446 % of steel
19 N/sq.mm
>
Shear taken by concrete
Unbalanced Shear
0.283 N/ sq.mm
=
Shear taken by bent up bars =
0.283 N/mm2
<
0.283x1000 x169
1000
4.7827
<
= 1.000 t
5.783 - 4.7827
perm; tensile stress x Asv x d
( Sv)
2.83 kg/cm2
0.34
Shear Check Needed
5.783
Check
Sin 45 =
Cos 45 =
(Sin +Cos)
0.707
0.707
= (200 x113.14x169) x ( sin 45 x cos 45 )

2 x150
=
1.802 t
>
1.000 t
Hence OK
Shear taken by bent up bars is higher than unbalanced shear force.
Hence no necessity to provide Shear reinforcement in any form
Dia of bar
Shape
Spacing (mm)
Nos
Length (m)
Total L (m)
Unit Wt Total Wt (Kg)
12
300
59
2.84
167.56
0.889
148.961
straight
12
300
59
2.72
160.48
0.889
142.667
crank
12
300
59
3.12
184.08
0.889
163.647
10
300
17.29
138.32
0.617
85.343
straight
10
300
17.29
86.45
0.617
53.34
crank
10
300
17.69
88.45
0.617
54.574
( C) Main
C
top (st)
C1
bottom
(D) Distribution
D
top
D1
bottom
15
7.DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL BEAM

DATA:
Over all Depth of beam (incl.slab)
=
Assuming width of rib (w)
=
Clear span bet. Longi. Girders
=
Total length of can. Portion
=
slab thickness
(t)
=
Abutment bearing
=
Over all Span
=
Clear span bet. Abutment
=
Clear cover
=
Assume Effective depth
=
Effective Depth
=
Eff. span of long. Beam
(L)
=
=
Thickness of haunch
=
No of reinforcement Layers
=
clear cover for specified layers of bars =
No. of cross beams
=
Width of cross beam
=
Depth of cross beam(Excl. panel slab th.)=
Dia of Spacer bars
=
Grade of concrete
Weight of R.C.C
Weight of P.C.C
M 20
2.5
2.4
1.875
0.300
2.200
1.110
0.215
0.285
17.370
15.790
50
162.500
1.713
16.800
0.075
0.150
5
25
4
0.300
1.060
25
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
mm
mm
m
m
m
m
0.075
+ 242.000
0.215
0.150 x 0.150
haunch
1.875
1.660
+ 240.050
0.300
mm
nos
m
m
mm
t/Cum
t/Cum
Permissible Flexural compressive strength

Modular Ratio (Es/Ec),
m
Permissible Tensile stress in steel Fe415
=
=
=
7
10
200
MPa
MPa
(As per clause 303.2.1 table 7 of IRC:21-2000)

Design constants
K =
0.259
J =
0.914
Q =
8.290
LOAD CALCULATIONS
DEAD LOAD
Dead Load from Cantilever Portion (inc. WC, Kerb,Railing)
Self Weight of panel slab
=
1.4x0.215x2.5
=
1.4x0.075x2.4
Self weight of beam
=
1.66x0.3x2.5
Weight of cross beam
=
((4x1.1x0.3x1.06)/16.8)x2.5
B.M due to DL
Reaction due to DL =
For Class A Loading
W =
B =
4.003x16.8x16.8
8
4.003x16.8
2
500 mm
i.e 0.5 m
250 mm
i.e 0.25 m
=
=
=
=
=
=
1.545
0.753
0.252
1.245
0.208
4.003
t/m
t/m
t/m
t/m
t/m
t/m
= 141.226 t/m
= 33.63 t
Effective width of panel
half the panel width
(2.2 / 2) + 0.3
= 1.40
(lo/12) + bw + Df
2.2+0.3+ 3 x0.215
= 1.13
LIVE LOAD
The load transferred to the beam will be max. when one row of train is positioned near kerb.
The position of train loads for producing the severe effect on the beam is as shown in fig.
15
2.975
0.385
w
0.475
1.325
1.8
0.4
1.175
0.15
0.725
1.11
0.30
2.20
1.260
0.30
2.50
1.11
1.260
Taking Moments about B

Ra x 2.5= w x 1.175+ w2.975
Taking Moments about A
w x 0.475 + Rb x 2.5- w1.325= 0
=>
RA =
1.66 w
=>
RB =
max=
0.34 w
1.66 w
The beam is subjected to1.66/2 = 0.83times of axle load, multipling the given axle load by 0.83 we get following load
system to be considered for Design T- Beam.
2.70
11.40
6.80
x 0.83
x 0.83
x 0.83
= 2.241 t
= 9.462 t
= 5.644 t
IRC Class A train of loading

2.7
11.4
11.4
6.8
6.8
6.8
6.8
I<---3.2m-------->I<---1.2m-->I<----------4.3------->I<--------3------->I<--------3----->I<----3--->I
1.1
3.2
1.2
4.3
3
3
3
Class - A Loading
For maximum B.M the resultant of the load system and the load under consideration should be equidistant from the
center of the span
For maximum B.M of longitudinal girder the loads (of IRC class-A loading) are positioned in the following pattern.
Assuming the following load system on to the girder for Max. BM,
Table for Calculation of distance of Resultant:
S. No
Loads that
are coming
on to the
span
Distance of
Dis. From
corr.load from extrem load of
left
the system
1
2
3
4
5
6
2.241
9.462
9.462
5.644
5.644
5.644
Total load=
38.097 t
0
3.2
1.2
4.3
3
3
Moment
0.00
3.20
4.40
8.70
11.70
14.70
Resultant Acting Distance =

Distance of Resultant from centre
0.00
30.28
41.63
49.10
66.04
82.97
270.02 t/m
M/V
= 7.088 m
= 8.7
= 1.612
- 7.088
= 0.806 m
For maximum B.M the resultant of the load system and the load under consideration should be equidistant from the
centre of the span.
For maximum B.M: of Longitudinal girder the loads(of IRC class-A loading) are positioned in the following pattern.
16
Table for Calculation of Reactions:

S,no
Loads that
are coming
on to the
span
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Distance of
Dis. From
left
the system
0
2.7
11.4
11.4
6.8
6.8
6.8
45.9
Toal load=
Rb =
Ra =
Taking about A
0
0.356
3.2
1.2
4.3
3
3
Magnitude
0
0.356
3.556
4.756
9.056
12.056
15.056
0
0.961
40.538
54.218
61.581
81.981
102.381
341.66
341.66 / 16.5
W - Rb = 45.9 -20.707
2.7
11.4
= 20.71 t
= 25.19 t
C/L
11.4
6.8
0.806
6.8
6.8
0.806
2.688
0.356
3.2
1.2
4.3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1.444
20.707
Rb
8.250
16.500
S,no
7.088
25.193
Ra
Reaction
at A =
Loads that
are coming
on to the
span
Reaction
25.193 t
Mid Span
Resultant of Loads
at B
20.707 t
Moment
from L/S
Distance of
Dis. From
left
the system
Net
moment
Magnitude
0
2.7
11.4
11.4
6.8
6.8
6.8
0
45.9
0
0.356
3.2
1.2
4.3
3
3.0
1.4
16.5
0
0.356
3.556
4.756
9.056
12.056
15.056
16.50
0
8.969
89.586
119.818
228.148
303.727
379.306
415.685
Max L.L Moment =
0
0.00
3.20
4.40
8.70
11.70
14.70
16.14
0.00
8.64
25.56
135.21
232.11
349.41
415.690
8.969
80.946
94.258
92.938
71.617
29.896
-0.005
94.258
Max. Moment
=
94.258 t-m
=
4.5/(6+L)
=
0.200
BM Due to L.L including impact Factor
94.258 x 1.2 =
113.11 t-m
Total B.M Due to L.L & D. L
113.11 + 141.226 =
= 254.336 t-m
Impact factor
Adopt
25 mm dia bars of
Area of each bar =
Area of Steel Provided
Ast Provided
254.336 x 10^5
2000 x 0.914 x 171.25
20
nos in
491.071 Sq.mm
=
=
98.22
5
i.e 4.91
layers
Sq.Cm
Area of each bar x no of bars

98.22
sq.cm
Sq.cm
>
81.246
= 81.246 Sq.cm
(E)
Sq.cm
Hence o.k
17
As per SP 34 clause 8.5

Compression reinforcement should be of minimum of 2bars or 35% of Designed Tension reinforcement
i.e Provide 25 dia bars of 7 nos as top reinforcement
(E1)
STRESS CHECK
The beam is designed as a T- beam
As per clause 305.12.2 of IRC bridge code - lll,
Flange width :
Available flange width
Flange width =
(minimum of the above)
Effective depth provided
Lever arm
=
=
Using
25 mm
de df / 2
1.7125 - 0.215/2 =
1.11+0.3+1.1
= 2.50 m
= 1.71 m
= 2.51 m
(Eff. Depth - Flange slab)Depth/2

1.605 m
dia. Bars& with clear cover of
Effective depth of the longitudinal girder
50 mm
=
1.7125
2.5
0.215
1.875
1.71
0.3
Assuming the N.A to lie in the web
b f x d f (k - d f / 2 ) =
m Ast (d e - k )
250x21.5x( k -21.5/2)= 10x98.22 x(171.25- k)
5375
k 6357.2 k =
k=
57781.25
225983
35.548 cm
168201.75
982.2
The line of action of resultant compression is situated at a depth of y from the compression edge.
y
( 3 x ( 2 x =
Y =
L.A
2 df )
df )
df
3
( 3 x 35.548- 2 x 21.5) x 21.5

( 2 x35.548- 21.5)
3
9.197 cm
= de - y
171.25
Actual stress in steel
9.197
=
162.053
= 63.644
49.596
x 21.5
3
Cm
M / a Ast
=
254.336 x10 ^5
162.053x98.22
= 1597.905 Kg/Cm2
< 2000
safe
Actual stress in Concrete =
k st
m ( de - k )
35.548 x 1597.905
10x (171.25-35.548)
###
1357.02
= 41.858
t/sq.m
< 70
safe
18
CHECK FOR SHEAR

Table for Calculation of Reactions:
Taking about A
S,no
Magnitude
Loads that
are coming
on to the
span
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Distance of
Dis. From
corr.load from extreme load
left
of the system
0
2.7
11.4
11.4
6.8
6.8
6.8
0
45.9
Total load=
Rb =
Ra =
0
0.356
3.2
1.2
4.3
3
3
1.444
0
0.356
3.556
4.756
9.056
12.056
15.056
16.500
0
0.961
40.538
54.218
61.581
81.981
102.381
0
341.66
341.66/16.8=
W - Rb = 45.9-20.337=
max=
20.337
25.563
25.563
Impact factor =
1.197
Shear Force with impact =
25.563x1.1974
t
t
t
= 30.609 t
Shear Force due to DL =
4.003x16.8
=
2
Max. Shear Force due to DL & LL =
30.609 + 33.625 =
Nominal Shear stress =
V/bd =
Ast provided
=
64.234 t
64.234 x 1000
300 x 1712.5
0.125
Kg/ Sq.mm
1.250
N/mm2
=
=
As per Table 12A of IRC bridge code 21-2000
Max Shear stress for M 20
1.8 N/ Sq.mm
Permissible shear stress =
33.625 t
i.e
1.25
18.00 Kg/sq.mm
< 1.8 N/ Sq.mm i.e
safe
100 Ast /bd
= 98.22 cm2
9822
x 100
300 x 1712.5
1.912
%

100Ast /(b d)
M20
2.00
2.25
0.49
0.51
For
tc = 0.483
1.912 % of steel
=
1.8 N/mm2
>
0.483
N/mm2
4.83
kg/mm2
<
1.250 N/mm2
Shear Check Needed
Check for bond

tbd =
1.2 N/mm2
Bond Stress =
=
12 kg/cm2
V
j x d x o
No. of Bars x Perimetre of bar
So =
No. of bars n =
20
Perimetre of bar = n x pi x D =
20 x 3.1416 x 25 =
Bond Stress
64234.000
0.87x171.25x617.134
0.699
= 0.699
<
617.134 cm
kg/cm2
12 kg/cm2
HenceO.K.
19
Shear reinforcement by Bent up bars:

Two bars are cranked up (top row) which is also acts as shear reinforcement
Shear resistance of
2
bent up bars of
25
V1 = sv sin 45o
mm
(G)
=
200 x 2
###
0.707
=
138874.88 N
=
13.887
t
All through 2 nos 25 dia bent up bars are effective in resisting shear yet as per code their
contribution towards shear resistance has to be restricted to half the total shear at support.
50% of the total shear
64.234
2
13.887 t
Shear taken by bent up bars(Min. of above) =
32.117 t
Shear reinforcement by vertical stirrups:

Shear taken by bent up bars
13.887 t
Shear taken by concrete alone
=
41.858x0.3x1.875
=
23.545 t
Balance shear =
Total Shear Shear taken by bent up bars shear taken by concrete
=
64.234
-13.887
-23.545
= 26.802 t
Shear taken by concrete + Shear taken by bent up bars will take care of shear. However it is recommended
to provided 10mm dia 4 legged stirrups.
Provide
10
Dia bars of
4
Legged Vertical Stirrups
Area of each bar =
78.571 Sq.mm
i.e
0.78571
cm2
Spacing = Aw x fs x d
Balance shear
= 4 x 0.78571 x 2000 x 171.25
26.802 x1000
Provide
10 mm
dia bars of
1076422.7
26802
4
= 40.162 Cm
Legged Vertical Stirrups @
300 mm c/c
(F)
Side face reinforcement:
As per Clause 26.5.1.3 of IS456-200

1660
>
750
side face reinforcement is required
Area of Side face reinforcement
= 0.10% of web area and spacing > 300 mm of thickness of web
which is less
Since the depth of web
0.10% x
Using
12 mm
No of bars =
Spacing obtained
However provide
30
3.00 cm2
x 100 =
dia, area of each bar =

3.00
1.13143
1660/ 3
3
113.143 mm2
1.13143 cm2
nos or say
= 3
= 2.652
553.33
nos of
>
12
300
mm on each side face
(H)
20
BAR BENDING SCHEDULE FOR EACH GRIDER

Dia of bar
Shape
spacing
Nos
Length (m)
Total L (m)
Unit Wt
Total Wt (Kg)
Main
(E1)
top
25
17.27
120.89
3.858
466.394
(E)
bottom
25
18
17.27
310.86
3.858
1199.298
(F)
Distribution
10
300
58
7.80
452.40
0.617
279.131
18.840 37.68091629
3.858
145.373
1775
1775
150
(G) Bent up bars
25
(H)
12
side face
2110
150
9900
2x3
17.27
103.62
0.889
92.118
Qty for one beam =
2182.314
Qty for two beams =
4364.628
21
8.DESIGN OF INTERMEDIATE CROSS BEAM

DATA:
Clear Span of Cross Girder
Eff .Span of Cross Girder
Spacing of Cross Beam
Effective length of panel
Over all depth of Intermediate Beam
Assuming width of Intermediate Beam
Depth of Cross Girder (excl. Slab th. )
Width of Longitudinal Beam
Thickness of Slab
Thickness of W.C
Density of RCC
Density of PCC
Clear Cover for bottom bars
Clear Cover for beam top bars
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
2.200
2.500
5.500
5.650
1.275
0.300
1.060
0.300
0.215
0.075
2.500
2.400
50
50
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
t
t
mm
mm
Grade of concrete
M 20
Grade of Steel
Fe415
Permissible Flexural Compressive Strength ( C )
Modular Ratio (Es/Ec), m
7.00 Mpa
70.00 Kg/Sqcm
10

(As per Clause 303.2.1 Table 7 of IRC:21-2000)
k =
j =
Q=
2000 kg/cm2
0.259
0.914
8.29
DEAD LOAD CALCULATIONS:
300
90 0
2200
300
5650
5650
Two Cross Beams at ends and one at centre are provided to reduce the deflection and to increase
the ultimate load capacity.
The Dead Wt. Of slab and wearing coat will be between the cross beams and the longitudinal
girders in accordance with the trapezoidal distribution of loads on the panel as shown above.
( I ) Wt. of rib of cross girder
(ii) Dead Wt. Of slab
(a) wearing coat =
0.3x1.06x2500=
795.00
Kg
0.215x2500 =
0.075x2400 =
537.50
180.00
717.50
kg/m
kg/m
kg/m
Each cross girder will receive triangular load from deck slab panel on one side.
. . Load from deck slabs
=
2 x 717.5 x ( 1/2 x 2.5x1.25)
=
2242.188 Kg/m
This load will be uniformly distributed over a length of
2.500 m
. . Load/ m run due to deck slab
= 2242.188 / 2.5
= 896.875 kg
. . Total dead load W
= 795 +896.875
= 1691.875 kgs
Reaction along each girder
1691.875 x 2.5 /2
= 2114.844 kg
i.e
1.692 t
2.115 t
22
B m Due to U.D. L
W x L2
8
1691.875x2.5x2.5
8
= 1321.78 kg-m
= 1.32 T-m
or
ii) B.M due to Live Load:

Total Live load Reaction of Longi. Girder =
CASE 1:-
11.4 / 2 =
5.700 t
5700 kg
Keeping the load Symmetrically (central girder)

5.7
5.7
1.8
0.350
0.350
2.500
5.7
5.7
Ra =Rb =
5.7
B.M@ center
=
=
=
5.7 x 1.25 - 5.7x 0.9

7.125 - 5.130
2.00 t-m
CASE 2:-
When One load is on panel slab and another load on cantilever portion
5.7
5.7
C/L
1.8
0.325
0.40
0.225
0.725
0.725
1.25
1.25
A
B
CL
Taking moment about 'B'
R a x2.5
=
=
=
RA =
RB =
Bm @ Center
CASE 3:--
5.7 x
8.4075
6.555
1.475 - 5.7 x0.325

- 1.853
2.622 t
11.4-2.622
= 8.778 t
2.622x1.25-5.7x0.225
= 1.995 t-m
Point of bi Section of C.G of loading coincided with center of span :5.7
R
0.9
5.7
0.9
G
5.7
1.8
1.25
0.45
1.25
3.648
Moment about A
Rb x 2.5
=
RB
RA
5.7
0.1
B
1.25
2.50
5.7 x 2.6 +( 5.7 x 1.25-0.45)
7.752
= 19.380
= 7.752 t
= 3.648 t
23
Moment At C
(3.648x 1.25)-(5.7 x 0.45)
Moment At D
=
3.648 x (1.25-0.45)
2.918 t-m
Maximum moment B.M
2.918 t -m
Impact factor
=
=
B.M due to impact =
BM x IF
B.M Due to Live Load+Dead load
Assuming
16
= 1.995 t -m
4.5/(6+L)
0.529
= 2.918
=
x (1+0.529)
4.46+1.322
= 4.463 t -m
= 5.785 t-m
dia bars as Main reinforcement.
Effective depth
1275-50-8-50
= 1167 mm
i.e
1.167 m
Lever Arm
1167-(215/2)
= 1060 mm
i.e
1.060 m
= M / st x j x d
2.71 cm2
16
Provide
578456.62
2000 x 116.7x0.914
Dia Area of each bar =
2.01 cm2
16 mm
dia bars of
nos
8.046 cm2
8.046 cm
As per IRC:21-1987 Cl 305.16

Min. steel to be provided
0.20% bf x de
0.2% x 30 x 105.95=
6.357
<
8.046sq.cm
(i)
Sq .Cm
Ok

Compression reinforcement should be of minimum of 2 bars or 35% of Designed Tension reinforcement
i.e
Provide 16 dia bars of 2 nos as top reinforcement
(i1)
Check for max stresses:

Flange width is taken as minimum of the following:bf= (l0/6)+(bw)+(6Df)
= (5.65 /6 ) +(0.3 ) + ( 6 x 0.215)
= 2.532 m
253.2 cm
bf= bw+(sum of clear distances to adjacent beams on either side)/2

= 0.3 + (5.65/ 2 )
. . Bf
=
Assuming N.A to lie in the flange
b x2
/ 2
3.125 m
312.5 cm
253.17 cm
=
253.17 x X ^2 = 10 x 8.046
2
253.17x X ^2 =
m Ast (d - x)
( 116.7 - X)
160.92(116.7- X)
253.17x X ^2 =+160.92X -18779.364 = 0

253.17X^2 - 160.92x + 18779.364
= 0
x
-160.92
-160.92
+
4363.87232
506.34
8.301 cm
X 1=
-160.92^2 - -19017486.33552
2 x 253.17
24
X 2=
-8.936 cm
25
exact lever arm
Stress in steel
= d - x/3
a=
116.700 - 8.301/ 3
st
= 113.933 cm
= M / a Ast
5784.5662 x100
113.933x8.046
Stress in concrete
st
=631.02
<2000
Ok
d - x
631.017
10
8.301
108.399
= 4.832
<70
Ok
= 13271
3180
= 4.173 Kg
Check for shear stress

5.7
5.7
1.8
0.7
B
2.500
R a x 2.5 = 5.7x0.7+5.7x2.5
Ra =
Rb =
= 18.240 t
7.296
4.104
Impact Factor =
4.5
6 +2.5
7.296 x 1.529 =
= 0.529
11.156
Shear force Due to Live load =

Shear force Due to D.L
=
Total =
11.156
2.115
13.271
Nominal Shear Stress =
13.271 x 1000
30x 106
As per IRC:21-1987
table 12A clause 304.7.1.2
Max Shear stress for M :20
1.8 N/Sq.mm
4.173
18
< 18
Hence Ok
Kg/cm2
Permissible shear stress tc :

Ast provided
100 Ast /bd
8.046 cm2
=
804.6
3501
= 0.230%

100 Ast / (b d) =
0.230 %
100Ast /(b d)
M20
0.15
0.25
For
0.230 % of steel
Allowable shear stress c =
0.18
0.22
tc=
2.120
N/mm2
0.212
kg/cm
<
4.173
kg/cm2
<
18
Kg/cm2
Shear Check Needed
26
Shear taken by concrete =
2.12
Balancing shear =
Provide
Area of each
Spacing =
x 22
x 116.7
1000
- 5.443
= 7.828 t
13.271
10 mm Dia bars of
78.571 Sq.mm =
2
0.79

Sq.cm
Aw x fsx d
Balance shear
2x 0.79 x 2000 x 116.7
7.828 x1000
Provide
= 5.443
10 mm
Dia bars of
368772
7828.112
= 47.109 cm
Legged Vertical Stirrups @
= 47cm
300
mm C/C
(J)
2500

1060
>
Area =
0.10% of web area and spacing
=
Using
0.10% x
10
No of bars =
Spacing of bars
How ever provide
>
30
dia bar
x 100 =
area of each
3.00
0.78571
= 1060/ 4
750
300 mm of thickness of web which is less
3.00 cm2
78.571 mm2
3.818
265
0.78571 cm2
nos; say
<
300
mm dia on each side face
nos of
10
(K)
Shape
spacing
Nos
2.90
5.80
1.58
9.164
2.90
11.60
1.58
18.328
300
2.85
19.95
0.617
12.309
2x 4
2.90
23.20
0.617
14.314

Dia of bar
Length (m)
Total L (m)
Unit Wt
Total Wt (Kg)
Main
(i1)
top
16
(i)
bottom
16
(J)
Distribution
10
1175
200
(K)
side face
10
Qty for one beam =
54.115
27
9.DESIGN OF END CROSS BEAM

DATA:
Clear Span of Cross Girder
Eff. Span of Cross Girder
Spacing of Cross Beam
Effective length of panel
Over all thickness of beam
Assuming width of Intermediate Beam
Depth of Cross Girder (exci. Slab th. )
Width of Cross Beam
Depth of Slab
Thickness of W.C
Density of RCC
Density of PCC
Clear Cover for bottom bars
Clear Cover for beam top bars
No. & Dia. Of main bars

Area proposed =
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
16 mm
2.200
2.500
5.500
5.650
1.275
0.300
1.060
0.300
0.215
0.075
2.500
2.400
50
50
dia bars of
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
t
t
mm
mm
nos
804.57143 mm2
Grade of concrete
M 20
Grade of Steel
Fe415
Permissible Flexural Compressive Strength (c)
Modular Ratio (Es/Ec), m

=
=
=
70.00 Kg/cm2
10
200 Mpa
2000 kg/cm2
(As per Clause 303.2.1 Table 7 of IRC:21-2000)

k =
j =
Q=
7.00 Mpa
0.259
0.914
8.29
300
DEAD LOAD CALCULATIONS:

90 0
2200
300
5650
5650
Two Cross Beams at ends and one at centre are provided to reduce the deflection and to increase
the ultimate load capacity.
The Dead Wt. Of slab and wearing coat will be between the cross beams and the longitudinal
girders in accordance with the trapezoidal distribution of loads on the panel as shown above.
( I ) Wt. of rib of cross girder
(ii) Dead Wt. Of slab
(a) wearing coat =
0.3x1.06x2500 =
0.215x2500
0.075x2400
795 kg/m
=
=
=
537.5 kg/m
180 kg/m
717.5 kg/m
27
Each cross girder will receive triangular load from deck slab panel on one side.
. . Load from deck slabs
=
717.5x( 1/2 x 2.5x1.25)
=
1121.094 Kg/m
This load will be uniformly distributed over a length of
. . Load/ m run due to deck slab
. . Total dead load
=
1243.438 kgs
Reaction each along girder =
1243.438x 2.5/2 =
BM Due to U.D. L =
W xLx L
8
=
=
2.500 m
448.438 kg/m
1.243 t
1554.298 kg =
1243.438x2.5x2.5
8
Total Dead Load Reaction of Longitudinal Girder
33.625
1.554
= 971.436 kg-m
= 0.971 t-m
= 33625 kg
LIVE LOAD CALCULATIONS

Keeping the load Symmetrically
0.650 m position of Jacks( for Lifting) from the end.
33.625
1.243
33.625
2.5
0.650
1.200
A
B.M@ center
=
=
Assuming
16
33.625x1.25-33.625x0.6+(1.243x1.25x0.625)/8
22.83 t-m
Impact factor
=
4.5/(6+L)
=
4.5 / (6 +2.5 )
=
0.529
B.M due to impact = BM x IF
=
22.83
x (1+0.529)
= 34.916 t -m
35.888 t-m
B.M Due to Live Load+Dead load
=
34.916+0.971=
mm dia
as Main reinforcement
Effective depth =
1275-50-8-50
1167 mm
i.e
Lever Arm
1167-(215/2)
1060 mm
i.e

=
1.167 m
1.0595 m
= M / st d'
= 16.936 cm2
3588763.8
2000 x
105.95
Provide
20 mm dia bars
+
Nos
15.714 cm2
(L)
Provide
12 mm dia bars
Nos
5.657 cm2
(L')
21.371 cm2
OK
6.357 cm2
<
OK
As per IRC:21-1987 Cl 305.16

Min. steel to be provided
=
=
0.20% bf x de
0.2% x 30x116.7 =
21.371

Compression reinforcement is of minimum of 2 bars or 35% of Designed Tension reinforcement
i.e
Provide 20 dia bars of 2 nos as top reinforcement
(L1)
28
Check for maximum stresses:
Flange width is taken min. of the following:bf= (l0/6)+(bw)+(6Df)

= (5.65 /6 ) +(0.3 ) + ( 6 x 0.215)
= 2.532 m
= 253 cm
bf= bw+(sum of clear distances to adjacent beams on either side)/2

= 0.3 + (5.65/ 2 )
. . Bf
= 3.1 m
= 312.5 cm
253.17 cm
Assuming N.A to lie in the flange

b x2
/ 2
= m Ast (d - x)
253.17 x X ^2 = 10 x 21.371
x ( 116.7 - X)
2
253.17x X ^2 =
427.42(116.7- X)
253.17x X ^2 =+427.42X -49879.914 = 0
253.17x2 + 427.42 x - 49879.914
-341.94
-341.94
7120.048
506.34
13.386 m
-14.737 m
X 1=
X 2=
Exact lever arm
a=
Stress in steel
341.94^2-4*249.42*24004.188
2 x 253.17
= d - x/3
116.7
13.386/ 3
= 112.238 Cm
= M / a x Ast
22830 x100
112.238x21.371
Stress in concrete
st
= 951.790 kg/cm2
< 2000
OK
= 12.332 kg/cm2
<70
OK
x
d - x
951.79
10
x 13.386
103.314
Shear Force due to longitudinal be

Shear force due to self. Weight
Total =
33.625
1.554
35.179 t
How ever 50% is considered for the shear .

50% x 35.179
= 17.590 t
Nominal shear at end
As per IRC:21-1987
17.5895
30
=
=
x 1000
x 116.7
table 12A clause 304.7.1.2
Max Shear stress for M :20
1.8 N/.mm2
5.024
Permissible shear stress

A.st provided =
100 Ast /bd =
=
1068.55
3501
=
0.305 %
= 5.024 Kg/Sq.cm
<18
18 Kg/cm2
hence ok
10.6855 Sq.cm
29

As per IRC:21-2000 table 12B
100 Ast / (b d) =
100Ast /(b d)
0.305 %
M20
0.25
0.5
For
0.22
0.3
tc= 0.238
0.305 % of steel
Allowable shear stress c
N/mm2
kg/cm2
2.38
<
<
5.024
kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Shear Check Needed
19
Shear taken by concrete =
2.38
Balancing shear =
17.590
x 22
1000
- 6.110
Provide
10 mm Dia bars of
4
Area of each =
78.571 Sq.mm =
Spacing = Aw x fsx d
=
Balance shear
10 mm Dia bars of
0.10% x
30
How ever provide
63.902 cm
>
300
mm c/c
(M)
750
300 mm of thickness of web
which is less
3.00 cm2
X 100 =
78.571 mm2
area of each
3.00
0.78571
= 1060/ 4
Spacing of bars
10 mm dia bar
No of bars =
11.479

0.78571 Sq.cm
733538.86
11479.088
4

1060
>
Area =
0.10% of web area and spacing
Using
= 6.110 t
4x0.78571x2000x116.7
11.479 x1000
=
Provide
x 116.7
=
= 265 mm
0.78571 cm2
3.818 nos; say

<
nos of
10
Shape
spacing
Nos
300
mm dia on each side face
(N)

Dia of bar
Length (m)
Total L (m)
Unit Wt
Total Wt (Kg)
Main
(L1)
top
20
2.90
5.80
2.469
14.32
(L)
bottom
20
2.90
14.50
2.469
35.801
(L')
12
2.90
14.50
0.889
12.891
(M) Distribution
10
300
3.00
21.00
0.617
12.957
2x4
2.90
23.20
0.617
14.314
1175
200
(N) side face
10
Qty for one beam =
90.283
Qty for two beams =
180.566
30
10. DESIGN OF PIER

5.020
4.700
4.250
0.725
239.835
242
241.725
2.200
C.L.
240.065
m (bottom level of slab )
4.250 m
0.25 m
VRCC
+ 238.985
Vertical clearance
FSL
PIER CAP
0.60 m
5.985 m
233
3.500
1.175 m
0.800
1.900
0.800
1.175 m
9.985
VRCC
CBL
PIER
230
1.900
229
228.1
5.50 m
0.90
Foundation Level
VRCC Footing
Safe Bearing Capacity of Soils.

Number of Spans.
Span c/c. of bearings
Bottom of girder
Road Level
Height of slab + W.C
Top of RCC Footing
Thickness of Footing
Overall width of Deck Slab
Thickness of Bearing of pedestal + bearing
V
CBL
FSL
Pier
(assumed)
Superstructure and Loadings & Type of Substructure :1

Overall span
2
Clear span
3
Span length c/c. of bearings
4
Total bottom width of the Decking
5
Carriageway Width
6
Thickness of Uniform Wearing coat in CC M25
7
Bearing width
8
Type of Substructure
Piers
3.50
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
624.17
126.000
4.540
129
235
0
229.000
Cumecs
m
m/sec
m
m
m
m
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
750.000
7
16.090
239.835
242
0.290
0.075
+ 229.000
0.900
5.020
0.230
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
18.000
15.790
16.090
5.020
4.250
0.075
0.285
VRCC
1.600
1.900
5.500 m
P L A N
Hydraulic Particulars :1
Design Discharge through the Bridge
2
Effective Linear Water Way @ FSL
3
Maximum Mean Velocity of Flow at FSL
4
Cistern Bed Level
5
Maximum waterLevel
6
Scour Level
7
Founding levels of
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
1600
DETAIL OF PIER & FOUNDATION
t/m2
Nos
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m thick
31
Design Loading :1
Unit Weight of Dead Loads :-
Type of Live loads
Expansion Joints
(I)
DEAD LOADS :-
As per IRC: 6 - 2000.

Unit Weight of RCC
2.500 t/m3
Unit Weight of PCC
2.400 t/m3
Single Lane of Class - A

20
Simple Expansion Joints.
(i)
Calculation of Vertical Loads from Superstructure :Span C/C of bearings

=
16.090 m
Thickness of Expansion Joints
=
20 mm
Total length
=
Clear Span
+
2 x gap behind & before the beam
=
15.790
+ 1.140
=
16.930 m
Dead Load from super structure on the pier
Deck for cantilever 16.930
x
1.110
x
0.193
x 2.5
x 2
=
Deck for straight portion
16.930
x 2.8
x
0.215
x 2.5
=
Long girder 16.930
x
0.300
x
1.660
x 2.5
x 2
=
Cross girder 5.020
x
0.300
x
1.060
x 2.5
x 4
=
Wearing coat 16.930
x
4.250
x
0.075
x
2.4
=
Kerbs 16.930
x
0.385
x
0.300
x
2.5
=
Solid Parapet 16.930
2
0.160
x
0.600
x
2.5
=
Total
=
Dead Load on Pier
=
132.541 t
(ii)
18.088
25.480
42.156
15.964
12.951
9.777
8.126
132.541 t
Dead weight of Sub Structure :-
(a) Dead weight of caping beam
1800 mm width at Top and bottom of pier
Depth Tapering from
250
@ Top to
850
@ Pier.
4.25
1.800
+ 239.835
0.25
+ 238.985
0.60
1.800
3.500
1.900
1.60
1.175
1.175
Caping Beam
Weight of Rectangular portion

4.25
x
Weight of Tapered portion
Area =
1.800
=
1.175
Weight of Taper portion =
Section
Deep =
0.250
Height =
2.500
4.781 t
0.60 m
1.9
1.845
1.800
2.500
8.303 t
4.781
8.303
13.08 t
1.900
0.60
1.845 m2
Hence the weight of caping beam =

0.800
0.25 M
x
0.800
1.600
Plan of Pier
(b) Dead Weight of pier
Size of Pier
Top of hammer head
Bottom of Caping Beam
Bottom of Pier
FSL
Height of Pier
=
=
=
=
=
=
1.90
239.835
238.985
229
235
238.985
1.600
with Semi-circular cut waters.
m
m
m
m
-
229
9.985 m
32
33
Area of Pier =
0.393
Total Area of Pier
Weight of Pier :Dry

=
15% Buoyancy =
100% Buoyancy =
0.800
1.9
0.503
3.040
x
x
x
9.985
9.985
9.985
x
x
x
3.54
3.54
3.54
0.800
x 2
1.600
2.500
2.350
1.500
0.503 m2
3.04 m2
3.54 m2
=
=
=
88.43 t
83.13 t
53.06 t
( c )Dead Weight of footing :

Size of Footing
Area of Footing
Volume
Rect. =
5.50
19.25 x
Taper =
5.500 m
0.900 m
3.500
3.50
0.45
2.50
Total Volume
Weight with
100% Buoyancy - Footing
Without Buoyancy
m2
19.250
8.663 m3
+
2
3.50
x 5.5
x 0.45
7.425 m3
8.663
7.425
16.088 m3
=
=
16.088
16.088
x
x
1.500
2.500
=
=
24.131 t
40.219 t
VRCC Pier
1.90 m
0.80
0.80
0.500
5.500 m
0.450
0.45
2.500 m
VRCC Footing.
0.450
3.500 m
0.90
( II )
LIVE LOAD REACTIONS FROM SUPERSTRUCTURE :Effective Span
16.090 m
Class - A Loading ( Single-lane ) :I

II
III
IV
11.4
11.4
6.8
6.8
1.20
4.30
3.00
0.160
A
16.090 m c/c.
Diagram for C.G. of Loads
C.G. of Loads =
=
V
6.8
3.00
VI
6.8
3.00
1.59
0.160
B
11.4x1.2+6.8x5.5+6.8x8.5+6.8x11.5+6.8x14.5
11.4+11.4x 2 +6.8x 2
285.68
/
50.000
=
5.714 m
from Load I ( 11.4 t)
Class - `A' : contd..

50.00
5.714
0.160
5.554 m
A
10.376 m
16.09
Final Load Diagram

Maximum reaction without Impact
Minimum reaction without Impact
=
=
=
=
50.00
32.245 t
50.000
17.755 t
x
@A
@B
10.376
32.245 t
32.245
34
(III) ECCENTRICITIES AND LONGITUDINAL FORCES :Width of Bed block

A
0.66 m
0.320 m
Eccentricities :Bearing width
0.66
0.330
0.330
a)
0.160
Dead load Eccentricity :Along Traffic (Longitudinal )
=
=
Moment due to DL eccentricity of S.S :

b)
0.330
0.160 m
132.54146
0.160
0.32 /2
0.16
0.02
x2 =
42.413 t-m
Live Load Eccentricity :Eccentricity along traffic

Class A
0.160 m
Transverse Eccentricity across traffic

C/L of load
0.15
0.5
e=
C/L of deck
1.8
0.5
0.825
2.125
Distance of CG of LL from the edge of the bridge

Eccentricity of loads from centre line of bridge
1.300
ET
=
2.125
=
0.825 m
Max.Moments due to L.L. Eccentricities :(Including Braking Force Reaction
Load
Longitudinal
Transverse
B
a)
1.300
0.930
=
=
32.245
33.175 t
=
=
33.175
33.175
t)
( without Impact)
0.930
x
x
0.160
0.825
=
=
5.308 t-m
27.369 t-m
Longitudinal Forces :Braking Force :As per IRC:6-2000 cl:214.2, Braking force will be 20% of Train Loads occupying the Span
and will be acting at 1.20m above RFL
Road Formation level
Height of Deck + WC
=
=
For Class A Load :

Braking force
Force felt by each bearing
=
=
20%of
10.000
10.000
Reaction due to Braking force

up to Bearings
242
0.290 m
50
/
x
=
0.9260 t
say
0.930 t
Hence Moments due to Braking force from Bearing Level of
Upto Bottom of Pier
Upto Bottom of Foundation
=
=
5.000
5.000
x
x
20%
2
1.2
239.835
(
(
+ 239.835
+ 239.835
x
=
+
16.090
50.000
5.000 t
0.290
to (+ 229.000 &
-
+229.000)
+228.100)
= 10.0 t
+228.100 )
= 54.175 t-m
= 58.675 t-m
35
b)
Water Current :As per IRC:6-2000 Cl.213.5 , Presumed to be hitting the Pier at 20 o to flow.
Mean velocity of Water Current
=
4.540 m/sec
Max.Velocity @ FSL ( V )
=
2
x v
=
2
4.54
Square of Max.Velocity
=
6.421 ^2
As per Cl.213 of IRC :6 - 2000
The Intensity of Pressure on Pier (P)
Where
k
k
V
Inclination of flow considered
Sin 20o
Width of Pier
Thickness of Pier ( Cut Waters )
Scour level for Pier
Bottom of Footing =
235
0.9397
=
=
=
=
=
0.342
1.900 m
1.600 m
0
228.1
41.223
FSL
Ht =
129
106.000 m
CBL
229
(i)
6.421 m/sec
41.223
52 k X V2
0.9
for triangular cut waters
0.66
for Semi circular ended piers
Max. Velocity of Water Current.
20
degrees.
=
=
=
=
=
Cos 20o
=
=
Ht =
-100.000 m
Bottom of Pier
Water Current Intensity Diagram.

Water Current on Pier :
The Intensity of Pressure on Pier =
P =
52 kV2
Where
V2 =
(vSin20)2
Average Pressure on Pier in Longitudinal direction :

52 x
0.66 x
41.223
2
Average Pressure on Pier in Transverse direction :
52 x
0.66 x
41.223
x (Sin 20)2
82.739 Kg/m2
x (Cos 20)2
624.651 Kg/m2
2
Pressure at the base of column is zero
Lever arm
106 x
=
Forces due to water current on Pier :
Longitudinal =
82.739
1.9
Transverse
1.600
70.667
70.667
+
+
624.651
Moments due to Water current on Pier :Longitudinal =

16.664
x
(
Transverse =
105.941
x
(
( ii )
2
3
70.667 m
106.000
1000
106.000
1000
16.664 t
105.941 t
-100.00)
-100.00)
=
=
-488.801 t-m
-3107.597 t-m
Water Current on Footing :

Length of footing =
5.500 m
Width of footing =
3.500 m
There is no Water current effect on Footing. As it is in buried condition
Moment due to Water currents on footing
Longitudinal =
16.664
x
(
70.667
+
-100.000
+0.90)
Transverse =
105.941
x
(
70.667
+
-100.000
+0.90)
=
=
-473.804 t-m
-3012.250 t-m
36
C)
Wind Force :As per IRC:6-2000.
Case - A :-
Maximum wind load acts when the Canal is Dry.

Wind force as per Cl. 212.3
CBL Condition.
Canal Dry condition
CBL
=
129 m
RCL
=
242 m
BOS
=
239.835 m
Wind force on Slab :

Slab Length =
16.930 m ;
Solid Parapet
0.6
Kerb
239.835
Half of Parapet
0.225
Slab
Exposed height of Slab

Kerb
0.6
m height
0.290
=
=
=
0.290
0.225
0.300
0.815 m from Bottom of Deck
Center of gravity of exposed area from Bottom of Deck

CG
0.515 x
+ 0.2575
0.515 + 0.815
0.322 m
+ 240.157
+ 240.157
111.157 m
16.930 m
Wind force acting at RL

Height of Slab above CBL
Total Slab length
=
=
=
=
=
239.835
0.6 x 0.82
+ 0.600
+ 129.000
As per Cl. 212.3 of IRC:6-1966 - Table - wind pressures,

H
P
8.00 m
82 kg/m2
for
10.00 m
91 kg/m2
for
15.00 m
107 kg/m2
20.00 m
So, for
H
Say
=
P
119 kg/m2
111.157 m
683.942 kg/m2
Wind force on Slab
###
This force will be acting at

half of Parapet
239.835
Wind force on Moving Loads :-
0.815 x 16.93
1000
+
0.408
9.437 t
+ 240.243 m
As per Cl. 212.4 of IRC:-6:2000.
Intensity of wind force on moving loads

Acting @ 1.5 m above RFL
Length of Class -A , vehicle
Hence force acting on Live Load
=
=
=
=
Force effected on Pier
Calculation of wind force moments on Slab :Due to Wind force on Superstructure :Upto Bottom of Pier
=
Upto Footing
=
Due to wind force on moving loads :Upto Bottom of Pier
=
Upto Footing
=
300
243.500
14.50
300
1000
4.350
kg/m
m
m
x
14.500
4.350 t
9.437
9.437
x
x
(
(
240.15708
240.15708
+ 229.000)
+ 228.100)
= 105.289 t-m
= 113.783 t-m
4.350
4.35
x
x
(
(
243.5
243.5
+ 229.000)
+ 228.100)
= 63.075 t-m
= 66.990 t-m
63.075
66.990
=
=
Case 1
Total Wind moments on Deck
Upto Bottom of Pier
Upto Footing
=
=
105.289
113.783
+
+
168.364 t-m
180.773 t-m
37
Wind force as per Cl.212.6 of IRC:6-2000

Case 2
Minimum 450 kg/m of wind on loaded structure acting at RFL
Hence force on Slab
Moments due to this force :

Upto Bottom of Pier
Upto Footing
450
1000
=
=
x 16.93
7.619
7.619
x
x
(
(
242 m
242
242
7.619 t
+ 229.000)
+ 228.100)
= 99.041 t-m
= 105.897 t-m
Wind force as per Cl. 212.7 :Case 3

On Unloaded Structure :
One span Laid
16.930 m ;
240 kg/m2 ;
Intensity of wind
This is acting
@ half the height of Slab
Wind force on Slab
=
=
=
240.0925 m
16.930
0.258
Force on Pier
Moments due to this force :
Cl.212.7 of IRC:6-1966,
Upto Bottom of Pier
Upto Footing
1.046
1.00
=
=
1.046
1.046
x
x
Max moment due to wind force at the base of pier

Max moment due to wind force on top of soil
Case - B :-
(
(
240.0925
240.0925
=
=
168.364 t-m
180.773 t-m
235
240
1.046274 t
1000
1.046 t
+ 229.000)
+ 228.100)
= 11.606 t-m
= 12.547 t-m
FSL Condition :-
FSL
=
235 m
Span Length
=
16.930 m
Height of Deck above FSL
=
240.157
H
P
for
4.00
63.00 kg/m2
for
6.00
73.00 kg/m2
8.00
82.00 kg/m2
10.00
m
So, for
5.157 m
<
9.437 t
91.00 kg/m2
=
5.157 m
69.207 kg/m2
###
0.815 x
16.930
= 0.955t
1
x
1000
This force will be acting at half the height of the Slab Level
@ +240.093m
Say
=
=
The Design moments due to wind force at CBL Condition is more than FSL Condition
Resolving along and across Traffic :
Maximum Wind Forces for CBL & FSL Conditions ( along Canal) :
For Pier Design
For footing design
for Unloaded Condition :

For Pier Design
For footing design
Longitudinal =
Transverse =
Longitudinal =
Transverse =
168.364
168.364
180.773
180.773
One span laid =
16.930
Longitudinal =
Transverse =
Longitudinal =
Transverse =
11.606
11.606
12.547
12.547
x
x
x
x
0.145
0.670
0.145
0.670
=
=
=
=
24.413
112.804
26.212
121.118
t-m
t-m
t-m
t-m
0.145
0.670
0.145
0.670
=
=
=
=
1.683
7.776
1.819
8.407
t-m
t-m
t-m
t-m
m ; span laid.
x
x
x
x
38
(IV)
DESIGN OF CAPING BEAM :4.250 m

C.L.
239.835 m
L1
0.835
0.25 m
D=
0.850 m
238.985
0.60 m
0.460
0.340
1.175 m
1.900 m.
RCC PIER
0.80
1.175 m
0.80
1.900
Caping Beam Loading

Center of Gravity of Semi circular Cut waters =
=
0.5756
x
( 0.5756 R )
=
0.800
1.000
0.5 0.5
0.460
m
0.25
D
L1
=
=
=
L1 / D
0.850 m
0.835 m ;
0.835
0.850
0.850
Check for CORBEL:
b = 1.80
0.983
<
1.00
1.60
PIER
Calculation of Cantilever Moments about C.G. of Cut-waters :

Moments Due to :
1. Load
Load per m run
Cantilever Moment
=
=
=
132.54
164.79
38.773
32.245
4.25
0.349
=
=
=
164.786 t
38.773 t/m
13.532 t-m
2. Weight of caping Beam :- (Cantilever)

a) Rectangular
Weight
1.800
0.250
Moment
=
=
0.940 t
0.940
0.83548
0.60
0.83548
2
1.175
b) Taper section :Weight

Moment
=
=
Total cantilever moment (M)
1.128 x
0.569 t-m
13.532 +
Torsional moment due to L.L. Eccentricity ( Longitudinal)

L.L on One side of Pier.
Live load Reaction
Mt
0.569 +
0.930
Me
- 0.340
) x
1.80
/
2.5
0.393
14.494 t-m
304.7.2.4.2
33.175 t
33.170 t
=
33.17 / 4.25
Longitudinal Eccentricity
=
=
7.805
0.245 m
6.521
6.52
x
1.598 ( 1 +
1.384 t-m
14.494
0.245
0.850
1.7
1.127898 t
Total LL Reaction for Torsion
=
=
2.50
0.393 t-m
- 0.340 )
7.805 ( 1.175 - 0.33952 )
Torsional Moment due to L.L.`Tm'

Mt =
Tm (1+ D/ b)
1.7
1.175
IRC21
32.245
Total reaction on cantilever portion =
Total Design Cantilever Moment
:-
Reaction in to UDL through the length of pier cap
Equivalent Moment
=
/ 1.800 )
t/m
t
1.598 t-m
Mt
1.384
15.878 t-m
39
Calculation of Resisting Moment :Grade of Concrete
Modular Ratio
Neutral axis
M20
fc
fs
m
=
=
=
70 kg/cm2
2000 kg/cm2
10
1
--------------------1
fst
1
1
m fc
j
Coefficient
=
=
( n/ 3)
(
=
=
0.914
( fc n j ) /2
70.00
10 x 70
0.259
3
x 0.259
Depth of section available with 50mm cover and 20mm Tor. bars
d
=
85.00
=
79.00 cm
Resisting Moment
0.259
2000
x 0.914
2
8.290 kg/cm2
Width of section
b
Resisting Moment
=
=
5.00
1.00
100.00 cm
Q x b x d2
8.290
x 100
51.74 t-m
x 79 ^2
>
15.878 t-m
Hence provided depth of section is Safe

Calculation of Reinforcement
:-
Area of Steel for Caping Beam Cantilever :for -ve Moment =

Works out to
2000
5
15.878
x
Nos.
x
0.914
20
10^5
x
mm Tor.
11.000 cm2
79
Minimum steel @ 0.2% - Cl. 305.19 of IRC:21-2000

=
0.2
x 180
x 85
30.600 cm2
100
So provide
11
Nos.
20
mm Tor.
Provide 11 Nos. of 20mm Tor at Top for Cantilever in One layer
of area
34.558
(a)
cm2
Provide nominal reinforcement of 5 Nos of 20 mm Tor at bottom for minimum steel
(b)
CHECK FOR SHEAR :( for Cantilever ) @ ` d ' from Support.

Caping Beam :
Distance of section from edge of caping beam =
Section X - X.
1.175
- 0.340
- 0.790
0.045 m
4.250 m
C.L.
239.835 m
0.25
238.985 m
C.G. Cut waters

0.25 m
D=
0.045
1.175 m
0.850 m
0.60 m
0.460 0.340
1.900 m.
VRCC
1.175 m
PIER
C. L.
Sketch for Shear Design.
40
Depth`D' at X-X =
0.25
Available depth `d' at X-X =
28.82
0.045 )
x
0.715
8.000
0.600
0.288 m ;
20.819 cms
Case - 1 , Live load on One side of Pier :Reaction due to loads
32.245
132.54
Weight per m
Reaction Moment
=
=
164.79
38.773
4.250
0.045
=
=
38.773 t/m
1.763 t
D.L. of Self weight up to section X-X =

Rect
=
0.045
1.800
x 0.25
x 2.50
0.051 t
1.800
x 0.60
x 2.50
0.061 t
1.876 t
=
=
0.043 t-m
0.043 t-m
x Tan
Taper
0.045
2
Total Shear at X - X
Moment of Loads
at X - X
1.88
Reduction in shear as per Cl. 304.7.1.1.2 of IRC:21-2000
0.045
/
Total Moment at X-X
=
164.786 t
d
Where
M
d
Tan
=
=
=
=
Hence Reduction in Shear
0.043 t-m
0.208 m
0.038
0.045
0.840
0.043
0.208
0.840
0.172 t
x
1.000
+
1.598
2.556 t
Equivalent shear due to Torsion :Mt

Equivalent Shear
=
=
=
Net Design Shear @ X - X
Shear Stress at X - X as per Cl.304.7.1.1

t
=
tv
1.598 tm
1.6 x Mt
b
1.600
1.876
0.172
4.260 t
( V/ bxd)
IRC:21-2000 Cl. 304.7.1.2.

Max. Shear stress
2.556
4.26
100
18
x 1000
x 20.819
kg/cm2
2.046 kg/cm2
( IRC:21-2000, Table-12A.)
(for M20 concrete)

Hence Section need not be changed
As Per Cl. 304.7.1.3.3., Table - 12B,
Allowable shear stress for members without shear reinforcement
p
=
100
x
In our Case
:-
for (100As/bd)
tc
tv
1.660
=
>
0.463 kg/cm2
tc
Hence Shear reinforcement is required

Vs
=
V
10
mm.Tor
Spacing
=
=
6
=
=
34.558
100
4.260 0.46279181
3.297 t
Legged Stirrups
2000
x
1.660
1.75
1.660
0.47
0.463
0.49
20.819
t c bd
100
20.819067
6
3.297
x
x
0.785
1000
20.819
59.52 cms c/c.
41
provide minimum shear reinforcement

Minimum Steel is provided as per Cl. 304.7.1.5, of IRC:21-2000.
Asw
=
=
0.4
Reinforcement
b x s
0.87 fy
Using
10
mm.tor.
6
-Legged
Spacing - ` s '
=
6
x
0.785
100
Provide
10
mm.tor.
x
x
Legged Stirrups @
or
0.870
x
415
0.400
=
42.54 cms
( Not more than 300 mm)
30
cm c/c. In Pier.
300
mm c/c
(d)
SIDE FACE REINFORCEMENT :@ 0.10% on Each side face.

As the depth of the beam is
However Provide minimum Reinforcement
Ast
=
0.100
180
850
Provide side face reinforcement
85
7.65 cm2
15.3
100
Area of each bar of Dia
12
=
Provide 7 Nos of 12mm tor. On each side face of Caping Beam.
(V)
DESIGN OF VRCC PIER
1.130973 cm2
229
The main conditions for the design of Pier are :-
Both the Spans Laid and One span Laid.
For Both the spans laid condition :-
1
2
Service and CBL Condition

Service and FSL Condition.
For One span Laid Condition
No Live load acting.
:-
7
( c)
BOTH THE SPANS LAID CONDITION

Case - 1 : Service and CBL condition :Vertical Loads :Dead Loads :1
Load from Superstructure
2
Weight of Caping Beam
3
Weight of Pier ( Dry )
(as calculated above)
Total Dead loads

Live Loads :1
Reaction of Live Load
2
Braking force Reaction on Bearings
Total Live Loads
Total Dead + Live Loads for Pier Design
=
234.059
Moments about Pier Level
S. No.
Type of Force
1
Dead Load
2
Live load
3
4
e
Longitudinal MomentML
Total Moment
37.245
229
=
=
=
=
246.730
0.923
0.923
0.123
=
=
267.234
32.943 tm
267.234
0.800
=
=
=
=
132.541
13.084
88.434
234.059
t
t
t
t
=
=
=
=
32.245
5.000 t
37.245 t
271.304 t
Moments
Load
234.059
33.175
267.234
5.000
267.234
7.619
274.852
Braking force (Horizontal force)

Moments without Wind
with Wind Force (horizontal force)
Moments with Wind
X
132.541
0.123
LA
0.800
0.160
10.835
Long.
187.247
5.308
192.555
54.175
246.730
24.413
271.143
t-m
t-m
t-m
t-m
t-m
t-m
t-m
Trans.
0.000
27.369
t-m
0.000
27.369
112.804
140.173
t-m
t-m
t-m
32.94308 tm
42
Section Properties :Size of Pier
1.900
Area
3.141593
4
0.800
0.8
1.900
1.600 m
1.600
Total Area
Considering Equivalent Rectangle - Side =
3.543
1.600
0.503 m2.
3.040 m2.
3.543 m2.
2.214 m
Section Modulus Z
Longitudinal
ZL =
###
1.600 ^2
6
0.945 m3
Transverse
ZT =
1.6 x
2.214 ^2
6
1.307 m3
Stresses in Pier :CBL Condition : a).

Without wind
=
b).
75.433
267.234 ( + - )
3.543
(+-)
34.871
32.943 ( + - )
0.945
(+-)
20.935
131.240
19.627 t/m2.
Direct compressive Stress allowable =
625 t/m2
(IRC-21, Clause 303, table 9)
Flexural compressive Stress allowable =
833 t/m2
(IRC-21, Clause 303, table 9)
(Cl. 303.3, Table - 11, of IRC:21-2000)

With wind
=
274.852 ( + - )
3.543
=
27.369
1.307
77.584 ( + - )
Hence provide reinforcement.

57.356 ( + - )
140.173
0.945
1.307
60.71 ( + - )
107.22
From IRC:78 - 2000, cl.706.1.2
833.000
245.517
1.333
-90.350 t/m2
/
=
1110.389 t/m2
Case - 2 : Service and FSL condition :Vertical Loads :Dead Loads :1

Reaction from Superstructure
2
3
Weight of Pier ( 15% buoyancy )
(as calculated above)
Total Dead loads

Live Loads :1
Live Load
2
Braking force Reaction on Bearings
Total Live Loads
Total Dead + Live Loads for Pier Design
=
228.753
S. No.
Type of Force
1
Dead Load
2
Live load Eccentricity
3
4
5
229
Braking force (Horizontal force)

Water Current
Wind Force
Moments with Wind
X
e
Moment
=
=
=
=
=
=
-246.316
-0.923 m
-0.923
-1.723 m
-246.316
x
424.348 t -m
Load
228.75
33.175
261.93
5.000
0.955
LA
0.800
0.160
10.835
38.175
Moments
Long.
183.002
5.308
188.310
54.17
-488.801
-246.316 t-m
24.413
-221.903 t-m
=
=
=
=
132.541
13.084
83.128
228.753
t
t
t
t
=
=
=
=
33.175
5.000
38.175
266.928
t
t
t
t
Trans.
0.00
27.37
0
-3107.597
-3080.228 t-m
112.80
-2967.424 t-m
261.928
0.800
-1.723
43
1.900
3.543
m2
ZL
0.945
m3
ZT
1.307
m3
Area =
1.600 m
Stresses in Pier :a). Without wind =
261.928 ( + - )
3.543
449.185 ( + - )
73.935 ( + - )
b). With wind =

=
424.348 ( + - )
0.945
-2356.114
261.928 ( + - )
3.543
73.935 ( + - )
448.761 ( + - )
0.945
475.026 ( + - )
-2269.829
-3080.228
1.307
-1832.994
1980.865 t/m2
1868.738 t/m2
-2967.424
1.307
-1720.867
ONE SPAN LAID CONDITION

In this case No Live load will be acting. But Temperature effect on Bearings considered.
Case - 1, CBL condition :Vertical Loads :Dead Loads :1
Reaction from Superstructure
2
3
=
=
=
=
Total Dead loads
132.541
13.084
88.434
234.059
t
t
t
t
Bending Moments
1 Effects of water currents is same as calculated as before
2 As there is no Vehicular load on the deck, so no Braking force
3 Temperature effect
Thermal Expansion =
Variation in the temperature
117 x 10-7 /deg. C

20
Expansion / Contraction of span=
0.753012 cm
Force generated @ each bearing=
G x A x D/t
G = shear modulus =
kg/cm2
A = Area of Bearing =
D = Variation in length
t = Thickness of Bearing Layer
cm2
cm
Force =
1
490
0.753012
10 cm
1 x 490 x 0.753012 / 10
36.897588 Kgs
B.M due to Temperature effect =

B.M due to Temperature effect =
0.037x (+239.835- +229)

0.037x (+239.835-+228.1)

S. No.
1
2
Deg.
0.037 t
=0.401 t-m
=0.434 t-m
top of foundation
Bottom of foundation
229
Type of Force
Dead load Moment
Temperature Moment
Wind Force
Moments with Wind
Moments
Long.
42.413
0.401
42.814
1.683
44.497
Trans.
7.776
7.776

Area =
1.900
3.543
ZL =
0.945
m3
ZT =
1.307
m3
1.600 m
44

=
66.069
234.059 ( + - )
3.543
(+-)
45.320
b). With wind =

=
42.814 ( + - )
0.944708
(+-)
0.000
234.06 ( + - )
3.543
66.069 ( + - )
44.497 ( + - )
0.944708
47.101 ( + - )
5.948
0.000
1.307
111.389
20.749 t/m2
13.020 t/m2
7.78
1.307
119.118
Case - 2 : FSL condition :Vertical Loads :Dead Loads :1

Reaction from Superstructure = (
2
=
3
Weight of Pier ( 15% buoyancy )
=
Total Dead loads
229
S. No.
Type of Force
1
Dead load Moment
2
Temperature Moment
3
Water Current
4
Wind Force
Moments with Wind
133 /
2 )
=
=
=
=
Moments
Long.
42.413
0.401
-488.801
-445.987
1.683
-444.304
66.271
13.084
83.128
162.482
t
t
t
t
Trans.
0.000
-3107.597
-3107.597
7.776
-3099.821
Section Properties :A =
3.543 m2
ZL =
0.945
1.307 m3
ZT=

=
162.48 ( + - )
3.543
45.86 ( + - )
-472.090 ( + - )
b). With wind =

=
-445.99 ( + - )
0.944708
-2377.050 =
162.48 ( + - )
3.543
45.86 ( + - )
-2803.275
-444.30 ( + - )
0.945
-470.308 ( + - )
-3107.597
1.307
-2371.102 =
2895.004 t/m2
2887.275 t/m2
-3099.82
1.307
-2795.546
( III )CALCULATION OF PIER REINFORCEMENT

From the above the Tensile forces in Pier are more in case of Empty & Full
=
Area
1.900
35426.55
1.600
cm2
Service Condition :As per Cl.306.1 of IRC:21-2000, Table - 13 , Note (3).

Effective Length of Pier =
In this case ` L ' =
Effective Length Le
Least radius of Gyration (r )
1.2 xL
239.835
=
=
=
=
Ratio =
1.200
t 12
1.600
0.462
10.835
12
Effective length
Radius of Gyration
One span Laid Condition :Effective Length of Pier

Ratio
=
=
=
=
=
229
1.75 xL
=
1.750
x
Effective length
Radius of Gyration
18.961
0.462
41.052
10.835 m
13.002 m
13.002
0.462
10.835
28.150
18.961 m
45
Hence the Stresses are reduced in this case by =
1.5
1.5
1.089
>
=
=
Hence the permissible stresses are considered.
Design of Reinforcement :For M20 grade the allowable stresses in Concrete :
Direct Compression
50 kg/cm2.
Bending Stress = fc
70 kg/cm2.
allowable Steel Stress :Tensile stress = fs

Percentage of Reinforcement = p
Modular Ratio = m
=
=
=
2000 kg/cm2.
0.30% min.
10
Area of Section = A
35427 cm2.
106.280 cm2.
Min steel as per Cl.306.2.1 = 0.3 %

Nos
Provide
36
Nos.
20
20
mm. Tor. in Cut waters &
L
100 r
41.052
100
1.000
mm.tor.
(Cl.306.2.2 IRC:21:2000)
Area =
113.097 cm2.
(e)
28 Nos. in Straight portion-Each face side.
Lateral ties :
According to IS 456 :2000 the diameter of the lateral ties shall not be less than
1)
2)
1/4 th of the diameter of the longitudinal bar

6 mm
20/4
<
Therefore provide
10
mm as the diameter of the tie bar
Pitch of transverse reinforcement should be least of the following
1)
Least lateral dimension of compression member
2)
Sixteen times the smallest diameter of the longitudinal bar
3)
300mm
Pitch of ties
=
30.000
cm
Provide 10 mm dia Ties at 300 mm c/c
(f)
(VI)
DESIGN OF FOUNDATION @
5
6
mm
mm
160
32
30
cm
cm
cm
229 m
The Foundations foundations are designed for Both the Spans Laid and One span Laid conditions.
Foundation Level
=
229
Scour Level =
2 dsm
=
0
1.600
2.500
0.500
0.45
0.900 m
0.45
229
228.1
3.500 m
R.C.C. Footing.
Foundation Level.
DETAIL OF PIER FOUNDATION.
1
a).
Both the Spans laid Condition :Service + CBL Condition :Vertical loads :1
Dead Load From Superstructure
2
3
Weight of Pier
4
Weight of Footing - with out buoyancy
Total Dead loads
Live Load Reactions :1 From Live Loads
2 Braking Reaction
Moments about foundation
S. No.
Type of Force
1
Dead Load Moments
2
Live Load Eccentricity
3
4
Braking Force
Wind Force
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
228.1 m Level :Load

LA
274.28
1.750
33.175
1.110
307.45
5.000 11.735
307.45
7.619
132.541
13.084
88.434
40.219
274.277
t
t
t
t
t
33.175 t
5.000 t
Moments
Long.
479.986
36.824
516.810
58.675
575.485
26.212
Trans.
27.369
27.369
121.118
46
Moments with Wind
315.071
601.697
148.487
47
=
=
=
=
e
Ml
=
=
575.48
1.872 m
1.872
0.122 m
307.45
1.75
307.452
x
37.443 t -m
Section Properties :Size of Footing
Area =
5.50
5.50
3.50
5.50
0.122
3.50 m
=
19.25 m2
3.50 ^2
11.229 m3
5.50 ^2
17.646 m3
11.086 t/m2
2.284 t/m2
3.50
Section Moduli
ZL
ZT
Foundation Pressures :-
Service + LWL.
a). Without Wind :

=
307.45 ( +- )
19.25
15.97 ( +- )
3.33 ( +- )
b) With Wind :
=
b).
37.44 ( +- )
11.23
1.55
315.07 ( +- )
19.25
16.37 ( +- )
27.37
17.65
=
63.655 ( +- )
11.23
5.67 ( +- )
8.41
Service + FSL - Condition :Vertical loads :1

2
=
3
Weight of Pier ( 100% buoyancy ) =
4
Weight of Footing - 100% buoyancy =
148.49
17.65
=
Moments about foundation

228.1 m Level :S. No.
Type of Force
1
Dead Load Moment
2
Live Load Moment
3
Braking Force
4
Water Current
5
Wind Force
( On Loaded structure)
Moments with Wind
=
=
Zl
Zt
X
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
e
Moment about centre
Foundation Pressures :a) Without Wind :
=
14.134 ( +- )
b) With Wind :
=
5.50
19.25 m2
3.50
272.079
1.750
1.659
132.541
13.084
53.060
40.219
238.904
33.175
272.079
t
t
t
t
t
t
Moments
Long.
418.082
36.824
58.675
-488.801
24.78
26.212
50.99
Transverse
27.369
0.000
-3012.250
-2984.881
121.118
121.118
11.229 m3
17.646
24.780
0.091
0.091
1.659
272.08
451.358
m3
m
m
tm
272.08 ( +- )
19.250
40.195
( +- )
272.08 ( +- )
19.250
14.134 ( +- )
30.451
=
=
=
=
Total Dead loads =
=
Total Dead + Live Loads =
Live Load Reactions :-

Area =
A
20.857
42.529
( +- )
451.358 ( +- )
11.229
-169.155
-2984.881
17.646
=
477.570 ( +- )
11.229
6.864
-114.826
143.094 t/m2
121.118
17.646
=
63.527 /
-35.259 t/m2
48
a).
One Span laid Condition :In this case No Live load will be acting. But Temperature effect on Bearings considered.
CBL Condition :Vertical loads :1
132.54
2
2
3
4
Weight of Footing - 100% buoyancy
Total Dead loads
5
Temperature Moment
6
Braking force
Total DL
Moments about
Type of Force
Load
LA
Long.
1
Dead Load
208.01
1.750
364.012
2
Temperature Moment
0.434
3
Braking force Moment
5.00
11.735
58.675
423.121
4
Wind Force
(Unloaded Section)
1.819
Moments with Wind
424.940
Area A
Zl
11.229 m3
Zt
X
=
=
=
=
=
17.646 m3
423.12
2.043 m
2.043
0.293 m
=
=
208.01
60.929 tm
ML
10.806
b).
10.806
208.007 ( +/- )
19.250
( +/- )
b) With Wind :
=
3.50
( +/- )
Trans.
0.000
0.000
8.407
8.407
5.426
5.588
0.293
( +/- )
0.000
62.748 ( +/- )
11.229
( +/- )
0.476
0.000
17.646
16.231
=
=
=
=
=
343.543
1.990
1.990
0.240 m
172.63
172.633
1.750
0.240
LA
1.750
8.200
5.380 t/m2
4.741 t/m2
8.407
17.646
16.870
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Total Load
t
t
t
t
t-m
t
t
1.750
Moments about
Type of Force
Load
1
Dead Load Eccentricity
172.633
2
Temperature Moment
3
Braking force Moment
5.000
4
Water Current
5
Wind Force
(On Unloaded structure)
Moments with Wind
Moment
13.084
88.434
40.219
208.007
0.434
5.000
208.007
208.01
Service + FSL - Condition :One span Laid condition.

1
2
=
3
Weight of Pier ( 100% buoyancy ) =
4
Weight of Footing - 100% buoyancy =
Total Dead loads
5
Temperature Moment
6
Braking force
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
60.929 ( +/- )
11.229
208.007 ( +/- )
19.250
66.271 t
19.250 m2
5.50
Long.
302.108
0.434
41.000
343.543 t - m
-488.801
-145.258 t - m
1.819
-143.439 t - m
66.271
13.084
53.060
40.219
172.633
0.434
5.000
172.633
t
t
t
t
t
t-m
t
t
Trans.
0.000
-3012.250
-3012.250
8.407
-3003.844
41.4342 t-m
49
50
5.50
Area
19.250 m2
11.229 m3
Zt
=
17.646 m3
Zl
172.633 ( +/- )
19.250
8.97 ( +/- )
8.968
41.434 ( +/- )
11.229
3.690 ( +/- )
b) With Wind :
3.50
( +/- )
-170.706
-3012.250
17.646
-158.048
172.633
19.250
( +/- )
43.254
11.229
( +/- )
-3003.844
17.646
3.852
( +/- )
-170.230
-157.410
DESIGN OF RCC FOOTING @
175.984
t/m2
175.346
t/m2
228.1
The maximum pressures are due to Service + LWL (without wind ) condition.
Pressure on Soil :With Wind :
=
315.071 ( +/- )
19.250
16.367 ( +/- )
63.655 ( +/- )
11.229
5.669 ( +/- )
8.415
1.600 m
148.487
17.646
30.451
2.284 t/m2
RCC Pier
0.950 m
0.500
0.900
0.45
0.45
0.45
2.50
Foundation
0.45
3.50
DETAIL OF PIER FOUNDATION.
3.50 m
0.108
Y
2.284
0.108
29.582
Pier
0.108
Y
X
0.950
With 50mm Cover and
Effective depth =
900
Check for Bending :At the Face of Pier .

Moment due to Uniform Pr.
Triangular Pr. =
L.A.
=
30.451
16
-
30.451
22.806
0.950
PRESSURE DIAGRAM
mm Bars :
50
-
0.950 m ;
22.806 x
-
22.806
0.95
2
x
=
=
^2
842 mm ;
84.2 Cms ;
=
0.950
2
Total
0.950
10.291 t-m
x
2
3
=
=
2.300 t-m
12.591 t-m
0.284 t-m
0.492 t-m
0.10 t-m
0.874 t-m
Deduct :Self weight
0.450
0.45
x
1.4
1.400
0.450
0.950 ^2
2
+ 0.800 ) ^2
2
0.45
0.500
2.000
1.400
0.500
1
3.00
Total due to self weight
+ 0.450
51
52
Net Moment for Footing Design =
12.591
Using M-20 Grade Concrete : and 16mm tor bars Depth of section required
Area of steel
11.72
100
=
2000
Minimum steel @ 0.12 %

Distribution steel =
0.874
11.717 tm/m
=
<
37.596 cms.
84.2 cm
7.616 cm2
10.104 cm2
8.290 t/m2
Q =
x
x
100000
8.290
11.717
x
x
0.914
0.12
100
84.200
0.300
7.616
100000
x
x
84.200
100
2.285 cm2
Provide
16
dia @
175
mm c/c.
@ Bottom as Main reinforcement.
(h)
11.489 cm2
and
12
dia @
300
mm c/c.
at Bottom as Distribution Reinforcement
(I)
3.770 cm2
Ast provided
11.489
3.770
cm2
<
10.104 cm2
<
2.2848874 cm2
cm
Check for Shear at`d' from face of Abutment =

Shear Force / meter = (
30.45
Deduct Self Weight
=
+
Net Shear for Design
Shear Stress =
3.02
100
100 As / bd =
0.136
0.450
+
2
x
0.45
X-X=
29.582
108 mm ; from Edge.

0.108
=
3.242
1.400
0.108
0.068
1.400
0.500
2
0.158
0.226
3.016
3.242
0.226
x
x
1000
84.200
0.358 kg/cm2
Allowable
tc
1.8 kg/cm2
>
0.358 kg/cm2
HENCE NO SHEAR REINFORCEMENT IS REQUIRED
At Top provide nominal steel
At Top provide nominal steel
12
10
mm, tor
mm, tor
@
@
300
300
3.770 cm2
Area of Nominal steel =
mm, c/c. In transverse direction.

mm, c/c. In longitudinal direction.
(j)
(k)
2.285 cm2
<

Dia of bar
Shape
spacing (mm)
Nos
Length (m)
Total L (m)
Unit Wt
Total Wt (Kg)
20
11
4.450
48.95
2.469
120.858
20
11
4.988
54.87
2.469
135.467
12
varies
10
300
15
varies
20
36
12.385
445.86
2.469
1100.828
( c)
PIER CAP
(a)
(b)
(e)
10
300
35
8.977
314.18
0.617
193.849
(G)
10
300
210
1.750
367.50
0.617
226.748
(h)
16
175
33
4.450
146.85
1.580
232.023
12
300
13
5.700
74.10
0.889
65.875
12
300
20
4.450
89.00
0.889
79.121
10
300
13
5.700
74.10
0.617
45.72
(I)
(j)
(k)
FOOTING
(f)
PIER SHAFT
(d)
Qty for one beam =
2200.489
53
54
7. DESIGN OF PIER
5.020
4.700
4.250
0.45
239.835
242
241.725
2.200
C.L.
240.065
m (bottom level of slab )
4.250 m
0.25 m
VRCC
+ 238.985
Vertical clearance
FSL
PIER CAP
0.60 m
5.985 m
233
3.500
1.175 m
0.800
1.900
0.800
1.175 m
100.388
VRCC
CBL
PIER
230
138.597
137.697
5.50 m
0.90
Foundation Level
VRCC Footing
DETAIL OF PIER & FOUNDATION
1600
3.50 m
1.900
5.500 m
P L A N
Hydraulic Particulars :1
Design Discharge through the Bridge
2
Effective Linear Water Way @ FSL
3
Maximum Mean Velocity of Flow at FSL
4
Canal Bed Level
5
Full Supply Level
6
Scour Level
7
Founding levels of
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Safe Bearing Capacity of Soils.

Number of Spans.
Span c/c. of bearings
Bottom of girder
Road Level
Height of slab + W.C
Top of RCC Footing
Thickness of Footing
Overall width of Deck Slab
Thickness of Bearing of pedestal + bearing
V
CBL
FSL
Pier
(assumed)
Superstructure and Loadings & Type of Substructure :1

Overall span
2
Clear span
3
Span length c/c. of bearings
4
Total bottom width of the Decking
5
Carriageway Width
6
Thickness of Uniform Wearing coat in CC M25
7
Bearing width
8
Type of Substructure
Piers
SPSP/SLRB 1.305/KN
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
555.54
132.000
1.871
230
233
229.5
228.500
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
20
0
16.090
239.835
242
0.290
0.075
+ 138.597
0.900
5.020
0.230
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
17.370
15.790
16.090
5.020
4.250
0.075
0.285
VRCC
1.600
Cumecs
m
m/sec
m
m
m
m
t/m2
Nos
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m thick
31
Design Loading :1
Unit Weight of Dead Loads :-
Type of Live loads
Expansion Joints
(I)
DEAD LOADS :-
As per IRC: 6 - 2000.

Unit Weight of RCC
2.500 t/m3
Unit Weight of PCC
2.400 t/m3
Single Lane of Class - A

20
Simple Expansion Joints.
(i)
Calculation of Vertical Loads from Superstructure :Span C/C of bearings

=
16.090 m
Thickness of Expansion Joints
=
20 mm
Total length
=
Clear Span
+
2 x gap behind & before the beam
=
15.790
+ 1.140
=
16.930 m
Dead Load from super structure on the pier
Deck for cantilever 16.930
x
1.110
x
0.193
x 2.5
x 2
=
16.930
x 2.8
x
0.215
x 2.5
=
Long girder 16.930
x
0.300
x
1.660
x 2.5
x 2
=
Cross girder 5.020
x
0.300
x
1.060
x 2.5
x 4
=
Wearing coat 16.930
x
4.250
x
0.075
x
2.4
=
Kerbs 16.930
x
0.385
x
0.300
x
2.5
=
Solid Parapet 16.930
2
0.160
x
0.600
x
2.5
=
Total
=
Dead Load on Pier
=
132.541 t
(ii)
18.088
25.480
42.156
15.964
12.951
9.777
8.126
132.541 t
Dead weight of Sub Structure :-
(a) Dead weight of caping beam
1800 mm width at Top and bottom of pier
Depth Tapering from
250
@ Top to
850
@ Pier.
4.25
1.800
+ 239.835
0.25
+ 238.985
0.60
1.800
3.500
1.900
1.60
1.175
1.175
Caping Beam
Weight of Rectangular portion

4.25
x
Weight of Tapered portion
Area =
1.175
Weight of Taper portion =
1.800
=
Deep =
0.250
Height =
0.25 M
x
2.500
4.781 t
0.60 m
1.9
1.845
1.800
2.500
8.303 t
4.781
8.303
13.08 t
1.900
0.60
1.845 m2
Hence the weight of caping beam =

0.800
Section
0.800
1.600
Plan of Pier
SPSP/SLRB 1.305/KN
32
(b) Dead Weight of pier

Size of Pier
Top of hammer head
Bottom of Caping Beam
Bottom of Pier
FSL
Height of Pier
Area of Pier =
=
=
=
=
=
=
0.393
Total Area of Pier
Weight of Pier :Dry

=
15% Buoyancy =
100% Buoyancy =
1.90
239.835
238.985
138.597
233
238.985
1.600 with Semi-circular cut waters.
m
m
m
m
-
138.597
0.800
1.9
0.503
3.040
x
x
x
100.388
100.388
100.388
x
x
x
3.54
3.54
3.54
0.800
100.388 m
x 2
1.600
2.500
2.350
1.500
0.503 m2
3.04 m2
3.54 m2
=
=
=
889.10 t
835.75 t
533.46 t
( c )Dead Weight of footing :

Size of Footing
Area of Footing
Volume
Rect. =
3.500
8.663 m3
+
2
3.50
x 5.5
x 0.45
7.425 m3
8.663
7.425
16.088 m3
=
=
16.088
16.088
x
x
1.500
2.500
=
=
24.131 t
40.219 t
2.50
Total Volume
Weight with
100% Buoyancy - Footing
Without Buoyancy
3.50
m2
5.50
19.25 x
Taper =
5.500 m
0.900 m
0.45
VRCC Pier
1.90 m
19.250
0.80
0.80
0.500
5.500 m
0.450
0.15
2.500 m
VRCC Footing.
0.450
3.500 m
0.90
( II )
LIVE LOAD REACTIONS FROM SUPERSTRUCTURE :Effective Span
16.090 m
Class - A Loading ( Single-lane ) :I

II
III
IV
11.4
11.4
6.8
6.8
1.20
4.30
3.00
0.160
A
16.090 m c/c.
Diagram for C.G. of Loads
C.G. of Loads =
=
SPSP/SLRB 1.305/KN
V
6.8
3.00
VI
6.8
3.00
11.4x1.2+6.8x5.5+6.8x8.5+6.8x11.5+6.8x14.5
11.4+11.4x 2 +6.8x 2
285.68
/
50.000
=
5.714 m
1.59
0.160
B
from Load I ( 11.4 t)
33
Class - `A' : contd..

50.00
5.714
0.160
5.554 m
10.376 m
16.09
Final Load Diagram

Maximum reaction without Impact
=
=
=
=
Minimum reaction without Impact
50.00
32.245 t
50.000
17.755 t
x
@A
@B
10.376
32.245 t
32.245
(III) ECCENTRICITIES AND LONGITUDINAL FORCES :Width of Bed block

A
0.66 m
0.320 m
Eccentricities :Bearing width
0.66
0.330
0.330
a)
0.160
Dead load Eccentricity :Along Traffic (Longitudinal )
=
=
Moment due to DL eccentricity of S.S :

b)
0.330
0.160 m
132.54146
0.160
0.32 /2
0.16
x2 =
0.02
42.413 t-m
Live Load Eccentricity :Eccentricity along traffic

Class A
0.160 m
Transverse Eccentricity across traffic

C/L of load
0.15
0.5
e=
1.8
C/L of deck
0.5
0.825
2.125
Distance of CG of LL from the edge of the bridge

Eccentricity of loads from centre line of bridge
1.300
ET
=
2.125
=
0.825 m
Max.Moments due to L.L. Eccentricities :(Including Braking Force Reaction
Load
Longitudinal
Transverse
SPSP/SLRB 1.305/KN
=
=
32.245
33.175 t
=
=
33.175
33.175
1.300
0.930
+
x
x
t)
( without Impact)
0.930
0.160
0.825
=
=
5.308 t-m
27.369 t-m
34
B
a)
Longitudinal Forces :Braking Force :As per IRC:6-2000 cl:214.2, Braking force will be 20% of Train Loads occupying the Span
and will be acting at 1.20m above RFL
Road Formation level
Height of Deck + WC
=
=
For Class A Load :

Braking force
=
=
20%of
10.000
10.000
Reaction due to Braking force

up to Bearings
242
0.290 m
50
/
x
1.2
=
0.9260 t
say
0.930 t
Hence Moments due to Braking force from Bearing Level of
Upto Bottom of Pier
Upto Bottom of Foundation
C)
=
=
5.000
5.000
20%
+
16.090
239.835
x
x
x
=
(
(
50.000
5.000 t
0.290
= 10.0 t
to (+ 138.597 &
+ 239.835
+ 239.835
+138.597)
+137.697)
+137.697 )
= 506.190 t-m
= 510.690 t-m
Wind Force :As per IRC:6-2000.
Case - A :-
Maximum wind load acts when the Canal is Dry.

Wind force as per Cl. 212.3
CBL Condition.
Canal Dry condition
CBL
=
230 m
RCL
=
242 m
BOS
=
239.835 m

Slab Length =
16.930 m ;
Solid Parapet
0.6
Kerb
239.835
Half of Parapet
0.225
Slab
Exposed height of Slab

Kerb
0.6
m height
0.290
=
=
=
0.290
0.225
0.300
0.815 m from Bottom of Deck
Center of gravity of exposed area from Bottom of Deck

CG
Wind force acting at RL

Height of Slab above CBL
Total Slab length
=
=
=
=
=
@
0.515 x
+ 0.2575
0.515 + 0.815
0.322 m
+ 240.157
+ 240.157
10.157 m
16.930 m
239.835
0.6 x 0.82
+ 0.600
+ 230.000

H
P
8.00 m
82 kg/m2
for
10.00 m
91 kg/m2
for
15.00 m
107 kg/m2
20.00 m
So, for
H
Say
=
P
119 kg/m2
10.157 m
77.942 kg/m2
Wind force on Slab
###
This force will be acting at

half of Parapet
239.835
Wind force on Moving Loads :-
0.815 x 16.93
1000
+
0.408
1.075 t
+ 240.243 m
As per Cl. 212.4 of IRC:-6:2000.
35
SPSP/SLRB 1.305/KN
Intensity of wind force on moving loads

Acting @ 1.5 m above RFL
Length of Class -A , vehicle
Hence force acting on Live Load
=
=
=
=
Force effected on Pier
300
243.500
14.50
300
1000
4.350
kg/m
m
m
x
t
14.500
4.350 t
11.0 DESIGN OF ABUTMENT:

Details of the deck
1 Carriage width
2 Bottom width of slab
3 Depth of Longi girder (excl slab thick)
4 Thickness of the deck
5 Thickness of wearing coat
6 Height of Kerb
7 Thickness of Parapet
8 Thickness of Kerb
9 Height of Parapet
10 Top Width of Return
11 Top width of parapet
12 Length of abutment
Unit Weight of Concrete
R.C.C.
C.C.
11.1 Loads on Abutment

i)
Deck for cantilever
ii)
iii)
Long girder
iv)
Cross girder
v)
Wearing coat
vi)
Kerb
vii)
Hand railing
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
4.250
5.020
1.875
0.215
0.075
0.225
0.160
0.225
0.600
0.450
0.300
5.150
2.50
2.40
t/m3
t/m3
16.93 x 1.11
16.93 x 2.8
16.93 x 0.3
5.020 x 0.3
16.93 x 4.25
= 2
x 16.93
= 2
x 16.93
Dead load on abutment
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
x 0.1925
x 0.215
x 1.660
x 1.060
x 0.075
x 0.385
x 0.16
132.541
2
(4.25 + 2 x 0.45)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.4
0.3
0.6
x 2
x 2
x 4
x 2.5
x 2.5
Total
66.271 t
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
18.088
25.480
42.156
15.964
12.951
9.777
8.126
132.541
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
11.2. Live Load Reaction:

11.4
11.4
6.8
1.2
6.8
4.3
6.8
3
6.8
3
1.590
16.090
Taking moments about - B

Ra x
16.090 =
11.4 x 16.09 + 11.4

x 14.89 + 6.8
+ 6.8
x 4.59
+ 6.8
x 1.59
= 183.426 + 169.746 + 72.012 + 51.612 ###
= + 518.82
16.09
x 10.59
+ 6.8
x 7.59
+ 10.812
32.24 t
11.3. Breaking Force:

As per the Clause 214.2 of IRC 6: 2000 the breaking effect on a simply supported slab is
20 % of the train of loads on span
Total load on the span
Breaking force
=
=
PACKAGE-6 / SLRB @ Km 0.35 5
50 t
0.2
x 50
5 t
10
( considering two bearings)

50
51
Force / m run of abutment
5
5.150
0.971 t
11.4. Change in vertical reaction due to breaking effect.

As per Clause 214.3 of IRC 6 : 2000 the force due to breaking effect shall be assumed to act at
1.2 m above the road level
Height of this force on the abutment above the bed block
=
1.490
i.e(1.2+0.215+0.075)
(Assuming depth of bearing + Bed block as =
0.3 m )
Change in Vertical Reaction
due to breaking effect
5
16.09
1.490
0.463 t
11.5. Impact Load:

Impact Factor
=
6
Impact Factor
4.5
+ L
(As per Cl.211.1 of IRC 6-2000 & Pg.26)
4.5
6
0.204
+ 16.09
0.500
Impact multiplying factor (As per IRC : 6 - 2000)

0.500 =
3.00
+ 239.520
x
3-h
3.00
x = 0.500
(h)
0.700
3.000
h =
2.30 m
x = 0.117
+ 237.220
0.7
+ 236.52
As per IRC:6-2000, section(II), cl. 211.70, the abutment height is more than 3m below
the bed block, hence, imapact multiplying factor is
Total load over the abutment
=
32.245
11.6. Frictional Load:

Load per meter run
Frictional Force
+ 0.463
99.748
99.75
5.150
0.4 x
0.4 x
Frictional Force per metre run of abutment
0.117
0.117 )
L.L. + C V.R. + D.L. + Impact load
=
=
+ 66.271
+ ( 32.245 x
0.204
=
Dead load
66.27
=
19.369
t/m
(Bearing kraft paper is provided)

=
26.508 t
26.508
5.150
5.147
t/m
52
11.7. STRESSES IN ABUTMENT:

Unit Weight of Concrete
R.C.C.
C.C.
=
=
=
Unit Weight of Soil
2.50
2.40
2.10
t/m3
t/m3
t/m3
0.02
+ 242.000
+ 241.925
W1
W8
w3
+ 240.050
W2
0.605
+ 239.520
W7
4.780
W9
W5
W6
0.5
0.3
A
1.866
W4
1.300
0.767
0.3
+ 237.220
+ 236.720
W10
3.933
4.533
Taking moments about A

Load
W1
W2
W3
W4
W5
W6
W7
W8
Pv
Ph
Particulars
Height
0.5 x
0.5 x
0.5 x
0.0384 x
0.134 x
Bf
Ff
1.3 x
###
###
###
###
###
0.225 x
###
5.98 x
5.98 x
Breadth
Density
As Calculated
###
2.5
0.675 x
2.5
0.767 x
2.4
1.3 x
2.4
1.866 x
2.4
1.866 x
2.1
1.866 x
2.4
1.866 x
2.1
1.2 x
2.1
1.2 x
2.1
Force
V
19.369
1.723
2.911
2.117
7.176
5.150
4.506
1.008
8.836
2.768
Breaking force
Frictional force
LA
e
Allowable e
=
=
Stress in concrete
127.073
55.564
2.287
0.656
2.287
>
1.9665
0.320
55.564
3.933
( 1
( 1
14.128
2.856
2.516
2.204
3.422
2.516
1.244
0.622
55.318
4.334
6.414
7.243
18.055
6.407
2.803
0.933
9.185
9.658
1.912
0.971
5.147
2.830
2.830
M=
V = 55.564
lever arm
Moment
2.748
14.567
127.073
m
0.320
m
HENCE OK
6
0.320
3.933
0.4889 )
53
Max
Min
=
=
21.035 t/m2
7.220 t/m2
Taking moments about B

Load
W1
W2
W3
W4
W5
W6
W7
W8
Particulars
Height
Breadth
Density
As calculated
As calculated
As calculated
As calculated
As calculated
As calculated
As calculated
W9
W10
Pv
Ph
Bf
As calculated
Ff
As calculated
0.225 x
###
0.225 x
4.555 x
0.5 x
0.0384 x 6.48 x
0.134 x 6.48 x
2.166 x
2.166 x
0.3 x
0.3 x
4.533 x
1.2 x
1.2 x
2.4
2.1
2.4
2.1
2.4
2.1
2.1
V=
lever arm =
Eccentricity e
Allowable Eccentricity e
=
=
Stress on soil
Max
Min
184.805
=
66.120
2.795-(4.533/2)
4.533
=
6
66.120
4.53
14.586
=
=
24.790 t/m2
4.383 t/m2
Force
V
19.369
1.723
2.911
2.117
7.176
5.150
4.506
1.170
10.257
0.162
2.870
5.440
3.270
LA
11.411
0.971
5.147
66.120
2.795
Moment
H
3.156
2.816
2.504
3.722
2.816
1.544
0.922
61.129
4.851
7.288
7.878
20.208
7.952
4.155
1.233
0.150
0.150
2.267
14.089
0.0243
0.430
12.329
2.112
3.330
3.330
M=
24.100
3.233
17.140
184.805
0.5285 m
0.756
>
0.5285
HENCE OK
0.70
0.5285
4.53
54
12. DESIGN OF RETURN AND PARAPET

unit wt of concrete
unit wt of earth
0.15
=
=
2.400
2.100
t
t
0.3 +
W 11
242.825
242.000
+ 242.225
Road level
W3
W4
W1
W2
0.300
A
1.250
1.700
0.450
0.30
+ 240.000
Road level-2.0
0.5
W5
2.300
+ 239.500
Taking moments about A
(Stresses in concrete)
Load
Force
Particulars
0.450
2.225
2.400
V
2.403
W2
W3
0.300
1.250
1.250
x
x
x
0.600
2.000
2.000
x
x
x
2.400
2.400
2.100
0.432
3.00
2.63
Pv
Ph
0.0384 x
0.134 x
10.240
10.240
1.440
1.440
W1
W 11
x
x
0.500
0.500
2.100
2.100
0.710
2.476
SV
Lever arm
= M/V
Eccentricity
1.068
9.791
-
/
1.70
Permissible 'e' =
Max. comp. Stress
Min. Stress
9.17
/2
1.70
=
9.17
1.700
x(
9.17
1.700
x(
1 +
L.A.
Moment
1.475
3.545
1.55
0.833
0.417
0.67
2.499
1.095
--0.8
1.982
SM
9.791
9.16963
1.068
0.218
/6
6
0.283
>
0.218
HENCE OK
0.218
9.544
t/sq.m.
0.218
1.244
t/sq.m.
1.700
1 -
x
1.700
54
Taking moments about B
(Stresses on soil)
Load
Force
Particulars
W1
0.450 x
W1-1 0.300 x
W2
1.250 x
W3
1.250 x
W4
0.300 x
W5
2.300 x
Pv
0.0384 x
Ph
0.134 x
2.000
0.600
2.000
2.000
2.000
0.500
13.690
13.690
x
x
x
x
x
x
-
2.400
2.400
2.400
2.100
2.100
2.400
1.440
1.440
x
x
V
2.160
0.432
3.00
2.625
1.260
2.760
0.988
0.50
0.50
2.100
2.100
3.447
SV
Lever arm
= M/V
Eccentricity
1.288
17.031
-
Min. Stress
13.22
2.300
Permissible 'e' =
Max. comp. Stress
/2
2.30
=
13.22
2.30
x(
13.22
2.30
x(
1 +
L.A.
Moment
1.775
1.85
1.133
0.833
0.15
1.15
--1
3.834
0.8
3.399
2.187
0.189
3.174
SM
17.031
3.448
13.2248
1.288
0.138
/6
6
0.383
>
0.138
HENCE OK
0.138
7.82
t/sq.m.
0.138
3.68
t/sq.m.
2.300
1 -
x
2.300
55
13.DESIGN OF ELASTOMERIC BEARING

DETAILS OF ELASTOMERIC BEARING :
Elastomeric bearing are provided under the beam

No of Bearings on each abutment
2
No of Bearings on each end of Beam
1
Effective span of beam
16.50
Over all length of Deck slab
17.37
Width of beam
0.30
Deapth of beam at face of end block
1.875
Deapth of beam at mid Span
1.875
Height of R.C.C Parapet
0.60
Bed level
230
Level of Bottom Soffit
+ 240.050
Top of parapet
+ 242.825
Over all Depth of beam
1.875
C/C of Bearing in Transverse direction
2.500
Load Due to Self Weight
33.625 x 2 =
Live load of Span
30.609 x 2 =
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
67.25 t
61.218 t
128.468 t
(Table Appendix -I of I.R.C :83 (Part -II)-1987)
Max.Vertical load on Bearing
Nmax
150.00 t
MIn.Vertical load on Bearing
Nmin
30.00 t
Hence Ok
ELASTOMERIC BEARING DETAILS
It proposed that Adopted size of =

(Table Appendix -I of I.R.C :83 (Part -II)-1987)
bo =Shorter Dimension of Bearing
lo -Longer Dimension of Bearing
hi = Thickness of individal elastomer layer
n = Total no of individal elastomer layer
hs = Thickness of individual steel laminates
he =Top & Bottom cover of bearing
C =Side cover of bearing
500
320
mm
320 mm
500 mm
12
4
4
5
6
ho = Total Height of bearing

=
4 x 12 + 2 x 6 + 5 x 4
=
80
0.08 m
h = Total Elastomer thickness = nhi + 2 he
=
4 x 12 + 2 x 6
=
60
Ok
Size of Pedestal
700 x
520 x
150
0.15
mm
m
Check for Size of Bearing :
a)
b)
lo/bo<=2
= 500 / 320
=
1.563
< 2
ho <= lo / 5 > = bo /10
= 500 / 5
=
100
mm
= 320 / 10
=
32
mm
80mm<lo/5>bo/10
56
c) Shape of Factor
S > 6 < = 12
lxb
2hi(a+b)
S=
lo-2c= 500 - 2 x 6
bo-2c= 320 - 2 x 6
Where l =
b=
S=
= 488.00 mm
= 308.00 mm
488x308
2x 12 x ( 488 + 308)
7.868 > 6 < 12

CHECK FOR BEARING STRESS
Actual bearing stress =
Load =
Area =
= 7.868
Hence Ok
Load
Area
128.468
488 x 308
= 150304
0.150 Sq.mts
Actual bearing stress = 128.468 / 0.15

= 856.453
t/Sq.m
Allowable bearing Stress
c =
A1
A2
Where =
c c
A1
A2
is limited to 2 if greater than 2
A1=
700 x 520
= 364000
A2=
488 x 308
= 150304
as per Clause 303.1 of table 9 IRC 21-2000
364000
150304
Limited to = 2
for M 25
1.556 <2
1.556x6.25
For M25 grade concrete =

CHECK FOR TRANSLATION
As per clause no 916.3.4 of IRC -83 (partII)-1987)
d <=0.70
6.25 Mpa
=
972.5 t/sq.m >
9.725 N/Sq.mm
856.453 t/sq.m
Where d = id^2+ bd^2
d = bd + md
h
For Horizontal force in Longitudinal direction
md =H/A
H= Horizontal force on Bearing
A=l b -effective plan of bearing (excluding cover ) common that of laminated
Horizontal load due to breaking force
H1 = 10% of x
61.218 /2=
Horizontal load due to seismic force on superstructure
H1 = 1% of x
67.25 /2=
3.0609 t
0.33625 t
Resultant H =
3.0609
A=
488 x 308
0.33625 2
= 150304 Sq.mm
3.079 t
1503.04 Sq.cm
H per bearing
md =
3079
= 2.049
Kg/Sq.cm
0.2049 Mpa
1503.04
57
bd =
Longitudinal translation due to creep ,shrinkage and temperature

(As per Clause no 916.3.4 of I.R.C 83 (part II)-1987
5 x
1E -4 x
d=
16.5/2 =
4.125
80
0.004 m =
0.05156
4.125 mm
+ 0.2049
0.256 Mpa
<
0.7
For Force in Transverse direction

WIND LOAD REACTION
Road top level

Canal bed level
Longi. Beam bottom level
Avg .Height of Girder from bed level
=
=
=
=
+ 242.000
+ 230.000
+ 240.050
10.125 m
As per IRC 6 wind force page no 21

Height
15
20
For =
Velocity
128
136
10.125
Pressure
107
119
m
X=
(119-107)(10.125-15) +107
20-15
=
95.3
Kg/Sq.Cm
Y=
(136-128)(20-15) +128
20-15
=
120.2
Km/h
<
130
As per caluse 212.5 of IRC 6-1966, If Wind Velocity is less than 130 kmph live load is considered.
Live load is to be considered
Case :1
Exposed Area of beam
Vide Cl 212.6 of I.R.C 6-2000)
17.37
x
1.875
=
32.56875
Wind force on Beam
95.3
###
= 3103.802 Kg
Wind force per Linear meter on unloaded area

3103.802
/
17.37
=
178.688 KG/m
Wind load of
300
Kg/m on exposed moving vehicle live load
(For ordinary High way bridges)
5211 Kg
Wind force due to L. Load =
300 x 17.37
=
8314.8019 Kg
Total wind force per meter loaded length=
So consider =
450
Kg/m
178.688+300 =
Case 2: as per clause 212.7 of IRC 6-2000

Wind force on beam =
240
17.37
1.875
Design wind force =
Kg =
7816.5
Horizontal force bearing =
1954
50x32
478.688 < 450 Kg/m
=
7816.50
>
8314.80188 Kg
7.817 t
7.817
2 x2
1954
1600
1.954 t
1.221 Kg/Sq.m
0.122 Mpa
58
59
ld =
H xho
Where G:Shear modulus = 8 Kg/Sq.cm
G xA
1954
8
ld =
ld
h
1.221 + 0.2049
6
0.25646
d =
x 80
x 1600
15632
12800
1.221 Cm
+ md
= 0.408
Mpa
0.408
0.482 < 0.7
0.482
Hence ok
Vide cl.916.3(4) of I.R.C :83(part II)-1987)
CHECK FOR ROTATION :(As per Clause :916.3.5 of I.R.C -83 (part II)-1987
d <= x n x bi max
Wherw d= bd
Ec =
5700 fck
5700 30
=
Ec =
1561009.3 T/Sq.m
3122018.6 T/Sq.m
For Dead -load ,Ec /2 =

For Live load =E=Ec =
I= Moment of Inertia of beam =
300
31220.186 N/Sq.mm
3122018.6 T/Sq.m
1875
12
=
L =Total length of beam =
Dead load moment =
Live load moment =
bd =
bd
0.1647949 m 4
141.226 tm
94.258 tm
0.000 x 10 3
=
164794921875
17.37 m
d
x M max
400
x L
x 10.-3
(ExI)
=
139440.632934 t/m2
0.1394406329 t/mm2
Ec
5700x Fck ^0.50

28500.000 m/mm
For d.load Ec /2
14250
For L load = Ec =E
28500.000
Where = m /10
m =
Wide clause.914 .0f IRC 83 (part II 1987)

V min
Area
60
67250
48.8 x 30.8
=
=
44.743 Kg /Sq.cm
4.474 Mpa
m /10
V max
=
Area
=
= 0.45
128468
48.8 30.8
= 85.472109857 Kg /Sq.cm
= 8.5472109857 Mpa
m /10
0.855
=
bi max =
0.5 x m x hi
bx s2
Where m = 10
Mpa =
0.5
x 100
x 1.2
30.8
x 6.191
60
1180.3427084
=
bi max =
= 0.051
Kg /Sq.cm
0.005 Mpa
d <=
x n x bi max
d =
0.447x 4x 0.00508
d =
100 Kg/ Sq.cm
0.139
wide Cl.916.3.5(1) of IRC 83 II 1987
=
=
<= bi max
0.00908304 Mpa
9.08304 t/mm^2
9.08304
CHECK FOR FRICTION :-As per Clause 916.3.6 of IRC 83 (part II 1987)
d <=
0.2 + 0.1 x m
d=
0.482
(calculated at case 2)
max =
128.468
30.8
x 1000
x 48.8
=
=
=
min =
30.00
30.8
x 1000
x 48.8
=
=
=
128468
1503.04
85.472 Kg /cm2
8.5472 Mpa < 10 Mpa
Hence Safe
30000
1503.04
19.96 Kg /SQ.cm
1.996 Mpa >2 Mpa
Hence Safe
61
As per clause 916.3.6 of I.R.C .83(part II) 1987

x m
=
0.2
0.1
=
0.2 + 0.1 x 8.5472
=
1.055
d =
1.05472
>
0.482 Mpa
Hence Ok
CHECK FOR SHEAR STRESS :--As per clause 916.3.7 of I.R.C .83(part II) 1987
c + +
Where
<=5 Mpa
c =
1.5 x m
S
=
c
1.5 x 8.5472
6.1905424
=
2.071
Mpa
Mpa
0.482
0.5 x (b/hi)^2 x bi
bi =
0.005 Mpa
=
0.5 x
1.674 Mpa
c + +
25.67
2.071+0.482+1.674
4.227
< 5.000
Mpa
0.005
4.227 Mpa
Hence Ok
62
STRESS TABLE
Conditions
IN PIER
IN FOUNDATION
Stresses in Concrete
Stresses in Soil
Without Wind
Max.
Min.
With Wind
Max.
Min.
Without Wind
Max.
Min.
With Wind
Max.
Min.
PIER
Two Span Condition
Up to LWL
131.2395
19.627
245.517
-90.350
20.857
11.086
30.451
2.284
Up to FSL
One Span Condition
###
1980.865
-1720.867
1868.738
-114.826
143.094
63.53
-35.259
Up to LWL
111.389
20.749
119.118
13.020
16.231
5.3796244
16.87
4.74118416
Up to FSL
-2803.27
2895.004
-2795.546
2887.275
-158.048
175.984
-157.41
175.345694
20.857
175.984
Stresses in Soil
63.527
175.346
Stresses in Concrete
ABUTMENT
21.035
7.220
24.790
4.383
RETURN WALL
9.544
1.244
7.820
3.680
maximum = 131.240 2895.004 245.517 2887.275
SPSP/SLRB 1.305/KN
65
12_Barbending
BAR BENDING SCHEDULE FOR SINGLE SPAN
CANTILEVER
(A)
Dia of bar
Shape
Spacing (mm)
Nos
Length (m)
Total L (m)
Unit Wt
Total Wt (Kg)
Main
top
12
125
139
1.85
257.076
0.889
228.541
A1
bottom
12
125
139
1.375
191.07
0.617
117.890
(B)
Distribution
top
10
290
17.29
86.45
0.617
53.340
B1
bottom
10
290
17.29
86.45
0.617
53.340
12
300
59
2.84
167.56
0.889
148.961
straight
12
300
59
2.72
160.48
0.889
142.667
crank
12
300
59
3.12
184.08
0.889
163.647
10
300
17.29
138.32
0.617
85.343
PANEL
( C)
Main
top (st)
C1
bottom
(D)
D
Distribution
top
bottom
D1
straight
10
300
17.29
86.45
0.617
53.340
D1'
crank
10
300
17.69
88.45
0.617
54.574
LONG GIRDER
Main
(E1)
top
25
17.27
120.89
3.858
466.394
bottom
25
(E)
18
17.27
310.86
3.858
1199.298
10
300
58
7.80
452.40
0.617
279.131
13.494
37.68
3.858
145.373
13.494
103.62
0.889
92.118
(F)
Distribution
(G)
Bent up bars
25
(H)
side face
12
C-G Int
Main
(I1)
top
16
2.90
5.80
1.580
9.164
bottom
16
(I)
2.90
11.60
1.580
18.328
10
300
2.85
19.95
0.617
12.309
10
2.90
23.20
0.617
14.314
(J)
(K)
Distribution
side face
Page 66
12_Barbending
C-G End
Main
(L1)
top
20
2.90
5.80
2.469
14.320
(L)
bottom
20
2.90
14.50
2.469
35.801
2.90
14.50
0.889
12.891
300
3.00
21.00
0.617
12.957
2.90
23.20
0.617
14.314
(L')
12
300
(M)
Distribution
10
-
(N)
side face
10
KERB
(O)
Main
12
2x4
17.27
138.16
0.617
85.245
(P)
Distribution
10
300
59
1.37
80.83
0.617
49.872
DIRT WALL
Q
Main
16
10
4.97
49.7
0.617
30.665
Stirrups
10
300
18
3.91
70.38
0.617
43.424
BED BLOCK
S
Main
16
12
5.02
60.24
0.617
37.168
Stirrups
10
300
18
1.515
27.27
0.617
16.826
20
11
4.45
48.95
2.469
120.858
20
11
54.87
2.469
135.467
12
varies
0.000
10
300
15
varies
0.000
20
36
12.385
445.86
2.469
1100.828
PIER
0.000
(b)
( c)
PIER CAP
(a)
(e)
10
300
35
8.977
314.18
0.617
193.849
(g)
10
300
210
1.750
367.50
0.617
226.748
(h)
16
175
33
4.45
146.85
1.580
232.023
12
300
13
5.70
74.10
0.889
65.875
12
300
20
4.45
89.00
0.889
79.121
10
300
13
5.70
74.10
0.617
45.720
Add 5% extra for wastage

Total Weight in Kgs
5892.042
294.60207694
6186.644
(i)
(j)
(k)
FOOTING
(f)
PIER SHAFT
(d)
4.99
Page 67

01 - T - Bridge - 16.500 - Span

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01 - T - Bridge - 16.500 - Span

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Dr.B.R.

NOTE ON DESIGN FEATURES

1. HYDRAULIC PARTICULARS OF CANAL

2. VENTWAY & CLEAR SPAN

3. AFFLUX BY MOLES WORTHS FORMULA

5. DESIGN OF CANTILEVER SLAB

6. DESIGN OF SLAB PANEL

7. DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL GIRDER

8. DESIGN OF INTERMEDIATE CROSS GIRDER

9. DESIGN OF END CROSS GIRDER

10. DESIGN OF PIER

11. DESIGN OF ABUTMENT

12. DESIGN OF RETURN WALLS

13. DESIGN OF ELASTOMERIC BEARINGS

CHECK SLIP TO ACCOMPANY THE SITE SURVEY OF BRIDGES

Has an index map to a scale of 1:50,000 showing the proposed

Has a contour survey plan to a scale of 1:5000 (with 1.0m

a)Are all sites of crossing with consideration shown in the plan?

Has a site plan to a scale of 1:500 showing details of the site

b)Are the canal proposals showing banks indicated in red

c)Have the alignment of the existing approaches and proposed

d)Is the angle and direction of skew if the crossing is aligned on

e)Has the reference to the position (with description and

f)Have the lines and identification numbers of cross sections

g)Have the trial pits or boring particulars with ground levels

i)Has the location or identification of each trial pit been shown?

ii)Are the trial pits dug at suitable intervals so as to cover the

Has a cross section of the proposed canal site, of the proposed

Is the necessity for the present bridge and any possibility of

Has the class of loading expected on the bridge been furnished?

Has the cross-section of the road been taken 500m on either

Are the rough proposals depending on site conditions marked?

Have any special features and relevant information been

DR.B.R. AMBEDKAR PRANAHITHA -CHEVELLA SUJALA SRAVANTHI PROJECT

Note on Design Features

PACKAGE-6 / SLRB @ Km 0.355

fully buried and away from side slope.

PACKAGE-6 / SLRB @ Km 0.355

PACKAGE-6 / SLRB @ Km 0.355

DR.B.R. AMBEDKAR PRANAHITHA -CHEVELLA SUJALA SRAVANTHI PROJECT

2.0 Ventway & Clear Span:

Central Piers with pier head.

3.0 Afflux by Moles Worths formulae

Where A = Area of normal canal flow

PACKAGE-6 / SLRB @ Km 0.355

Area of the Piers Obstruction of flow

Area under the bridge is

4.0 Scour Depth

Canal width at FSL = 132.000 m

m below Bed Level i.e.

PACKAGE-6 / SLRB @ Km 0.355

5.DESIGN OF CANTILEVER SLAB

However the Max.Value of impact factor for Class A Loading is

The minimum clearance (i.e) , f =

Tyre width of 11.4t load

Average thickness of cantilever slab

between the outer edge of the wheel and the roadway

The loading will be as shown in fig.

PACKAGE-6 / SLRB @ Km 0.355

distance of C.G of load from edge of cantilever

Tyre width +2 times W.Coat

Dispersion width along span of cantilever