Auscultation des routes au LCPC

Road Monitoring at LCPC

Analyse des phnomnes Analysis of Phenomena

Facteurs dinfluence Influent Factors
Diagnostic et solutions dentretien Diagnosis and
maintenance Solutions

LCPC Test Method

for the Survey of Pavement Surface Distresses
PIARC International Workshop on
Automated Detection of Pavement Distresses
(Qubec City August 13, 2006)
Organized by PIARC Technical Committee 4.2 Road/Vehicle Interactions
Intervenant : Michel BOULET

Recherche - Research

Dveloppement - Development
Matriels de mesure Measuring Equipment
y Appareils du commerce Devices on the market
y Dveloppements spcifiques Home-made devices
Mthodes dessai LPC LPC Test Methods
Mthodes dtude (dexpertise, de contrle) - Studies (or
Expertise or Work Control) Methods

Date : 13/08/2006

Data Acquisition : Single or MultiMultiFunctional Road Monitoring devices

LCPC Test Methods Collection

SIRANO, AMAC, EVALIS,

operated by private companies
POMMAR operated by
Laboratories of Ministry of
Transportation
- up to 6 measuring systems :
evenness, rutting, texture,
geometry (alignment), front
image, surface distresses
(manual by keyboard, by surface
image in near future)
-Geolocalisation (GPS)
-Operated by 2 Oprators
- Multifunctional Electronic
Architecture

LCPC Test Methods Collection

Test Methods as a basic component of QUALITY
ASSURANCE SYSTEM for road data collection
- Formal (published) and clear procedures :
test methods , control methods, survey methods
- Formal qualification (approval) of devices
- Certified periodic checking of devices
- Qualification (accreditation or notification) of operators or
inspectors

Transverse Profile

Skid Resistance

Longitudinal
Evenness

Measurement procedures (or protocoles) and specified level of

measurement quality (accuracy) defined according to the type of
applications : works control, routine survey at the network level, expertise a
the project level

LCPC Test Methods Collection

Main Principles of Test Method
Identification of the types of studies (or usages of the
data) : control of construction works, survey at the
network level, survey at the project level
Requirements for performances of measuring devices
(repeatability, reproducibility, accuracy)
Detailed description of the specific measuring
procedure for each type of study, including analysis
process and reporting

LCPC Test Methods n3838-2 and n

n52

LCPC Test Method n38n38-2

Record of Pavement Surface Distresses according to

Table of Contents

Method n 52
Distresses Identification

Method n 38-2
Test Procedures

LCPC Test Method n38n38-2

LCPC Test Method n38n38-2

Test Method Content

A GENERAL PART
1. Scope
2. Field of use Background and references
3. Principles of method design
4. Specifications for measuring equipment performances
5. Specifications for operators (training, qualification)
B PROCEDURES (or PROTOCOLES) (7 for TM 38-2)
1. Recommended field of application
2. Procedures for data acquisition
3. Procedures for data analysis
4. Presentation of results (reporting)
5. Safety of operators (for in situ measurement)

LCPC Test Method n38n38-2

LCPC Test Method n38n38-2

Test Protocoles (or Procedures) vs Applications

Recommended measuring devices (or technics)

Conditions dexploitation et type de chausse

Objectifs
de
ltude

Chausses Souples, Semi rigides, Inverses, Mixtes, BAC

Rase campagne et VRU*
Forts trafics**
Faibles trafics**

modes opratoires

Dalles bton

Urbain hors VRU* Tous sites

Tous trafics

Appareil
(exemple)

M1

M2

Transversoprofilomtres

Diagnostic - entretien
Renforcement

M1

M1 ou M2

M6

M7

Programmation

M2

M2 ou M3

M6

M7

Evaluation
Surveillance

M3

M3 ou M4

M6

M7

Suivi de sections
tmoins

M5

M5

M5

Systme photographique

Systme vido (2)

Relev Assist par Ordinateur

M4

M5

M6

M7

(1)

(1)

XX

XX

(X)

(XX)

(XX)

(XX)

XX

XX

XX

XX

XX

XX

XX

XX

(3)

(R.A.O.) embarqu
Bordereau graphique

VRU* : Voies Rapides Urbaines

Trafics** : forts (>= T2), faibles (< T2)

M3

cf. Mthode LPC n49

Data Acquisition : Transverse Deformation

Data Acquisition : Surface Distresses

On site (manual or computer-assisted) visual

inspections by certified (qualified) inspectors

Capteur Ultra son

TUS 2
Transversoprofilographe ultrasons
Ultrasonic Transverse Profile Analyser

PALAS 2
Transversoprofilographe Laser
Laser Transverse Profile Analyser

LCPC Test Method n38n38-2

Data acquisition: Surface Distresses

Semi-Automated Dynamic Inspection Procedures
GERPHO monofonction ou GERPHO/SIRANO
- Measurement during the night at 80 km/h
- Continuous Photographic Film 35 mm Black&White

Visual Analysis of
films in laboratory

Families and sub-families of distresses vs Protocoles

Rubr i que
Nature de la
dgradation
Ornirage
Affaissement
de rive
Affaissement
hors rive
Glaage,
Ressuage
Arrachement
Nid de poule
Fissure
transversale
Joint transversal

Joint longitudinal

Recent Development : Digital Images Recording and Semi-Automatic

Processing Systems (Public Laboratories and Private Companies)

LCPC Test Method n38n38-2

Families and sub-families of distresses
Extension

Rubr i que
Nature de la
dgradation
Dformations
Dgradation de
revtement
Fissure transversale
Joint transversal
Autres fissures
(FL, FAI,
Fissures diverses,
Joint longitudinal)
Rparation (BB et
autre)

Sous rubr i que

Code

Intitul
Observations

Exten
-sion*

Fiches CATALOGUE
(niveaux de gravit)

2
1
2

grave

ml

01 (3), 02 (3) 03 (3), 05 (2), 52 (3)

Glaage, Ressuage

ml

51 (2 et 3), 61 (2 et 3)

Arrachement

ml

toute gravit

nb

14, 16, 54 (2 et 3), 55, 56, 62 (3),

63 (2)
04 (1 4), 06 (1 4), 41 (1 4),
53 (1 3)

toute gravit

ml

toute largeur

ml

07 (1 3), 08 (1 3), 09 (1 3),

10 (1 4), 12 (1 et 2), 42 (1 3),
43 (1 3), 44 (1 3), 45 (1 3),
57 (1 3), 58 (1 3), 66 (1 et 2)

Fissure
longitudinale
spcifique BdR
Fissure
longitudinale
non spcifique BdR

So us rubr i que
Code
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
1
2
1
2
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
0
1
2
0
1
2

Intitul
Observations

Exten
-sion*

Fiches CATALOGUE
(niveaux de gravit)

significatif

prciser, si possible

ml

grave

petit (35) ou

ml

01 (1), 52 (1)
01 (2), 52 (2)

trs grave

grand rayon (01)

ml

01 (3), 52 (3)

significatif

ml

02 (1)

grave

ml

02 (2)

trs grave

ml

02 (3)

significatif

ml

03 (1)

grave
trs grave

ml

03 (2)

ml

03 (3)

localis

ml

51 (1 et 2), 61 (1 et 2)

gnralis

ml

51 (3), 61 (3)

plumage,dsenrobage de surface
pelade, dsenrobage profond

ml

54 (1 et 2), 63 (1 et 2)

ml

54 (3), 55 (1 3)

significatif

nb

grave

nb

16 (1), 46 (1), 56 (1)

16 (2), 46 (2), 56 (2)

rpar

nb

06 (0), 41 (0), 53 (0)

significatif

nb

06 (1), 41 (1) 53 (1)

grave

nb

06 (2), 04 (1 et 2), 41 (2), 53 (2)

trs grave

nb

06 (3 et 4), 04 (3), 41 (3), 53 (3)

rpar

ml

44 (0), 67 (0)

significatif

ml

44 (1 et 2), 67 (1 et 2)

grave

ml

44 (3), 67 (3)

rpar

ml

07 (0)

significatif

ml

07 (1)

grave

ml

07 (2 et 3)

rpar

ml

08 (0), 42 (0)

significatif

ml

08 (1), 42 (1)

grave

ml

08 (2 et 3), 42 (2 et 3)

Rubr i q ue
Nature de la
dgradation

S ou s r ubr i q ue
Code

Intitul
Observations

Exten
-sion*

Fiches CATALOGUE
(niveaux de gravit)

Faenage spcifique
aux BdR
Faenage non
spcifique aux BdR

1
2

significatif
grave

ml
ml

11 (1)
11 (2 et 3)

1
2

significatif
grave

ml
ml

Fissures en dalles

1
2

significatif
grave

ml
ml

12 (1), 43 (1), 57 (1)

12 (2 et 3), 43 (2 et 3),
57 (2 et 3)
10 (1 et 2)
10 (3 et 4)

Fissures diverses

1
2

fissure dadaptation
autre fissure

ml
ml

Remonte de fines
Rparation en BB
sur dcoupe
Autre rparation

isoles

nb

1
2

petite largeur
pleine largeur

< voie
> voie

ml
ml

1
2

petite largeur
pleine largeur

< voie
> voie

ml
ml

9 (1 3)
45 (1 3), 58 (1 3),
66 (1 et 2)
13 (1 et 2)

LCPC Test Method n38n38-2

Caracterization of distresses
Type or Family :
transverse cracks
longitudinal cracks
repairs
potholes
bleeding, ravelling,
Sub-family (particular characteristic) :
in general level of gravity (2 or 3 levels)
repaired or not,
Extension (quantities) :
number (for local defect : transverse cracks, potholes)
length (of affected section of road) for continuous defects
by traffic lane (or 2 lanes for dual carriageway)

LCPC Test Method n38n38-2

LCPC Test Method n38n38-2

Test Protocoles vs Applications

Periodical (3 years) Survey of National Highways

LCPC Test Method n38n38-2

Families and sub-families of distresses
Rubr i que
Nature de la
dgradation

Sous rubr i que

Code

Dformations
Dgradation de
revtement
Fissure transversale
Joint transversal
Autres fissures
(FL, FAI,
Fissures diverses,
Joint longitudinal)
Rparation (BB et
autre)

Intitul
Observations

Exten
-sion*

Fiches CATALOGUE
(niveaux de gravit)

2
1
2

grave

ml

01 (3), 02 (3) 03 (3), 05 (2), 52 (3)

Glaage, Ressuage

ml

51 (2 et 3), 61 (2 et 3)

Arrachement

ml

toute gravit

nb

14, 16, 54 (2 et 3), 55, 56, 62 (3),

63 (2)
04 (1 4), 06 (1 4), 41 (1 4),
53 (1 3)

toute gravit

ml

toute largeur

ml

07 (1 3), 08 (1 3), 09 (1 3),

10 (1 4), 12 (1 et 2), 42 (1 3),
43 (1 3), 44 (1 3), 45 (1 3),
57 (1 3), 58 (1 3), 66 (1 et 2)

Protocol M1

Protocol M4

Field of
Application

Detailed diagnosis studies

Definition of maintenance or
rehabilitation solutions

Glogal survey at network level

(secondary roads)

Data to be
recorded

17different types of distresses

subdivided into 41 sub families

5 different types of distresses

subdivided into 6 sub-families

Productivity

4 km / day

40 km / day

Data
aggregation
length

Usually: 20 m

Usually : 200 m

LCPC Test Method n 52

Catalogue of distresses (table of contents)
General concerns on pavement deterioration
* general dfinition
* pavement behaviour
Structural distresses of non cement concrete
pavement
* fiches
Structural distresses of cement concrete pavement
* fiches
Surface distresses of bituminous surface layers
* fiches
Surface distresses of surface treatments
* fiches

LCPC Test Method n 52

LCPC Test Method n 52

Catalogue of distresses
48 forms :
* identification of distresses (or defects)
* possible origin (or cause),
* possible further evolution
* influent factors
* affected pavement courses
* specific aspects according to the type of pavement

Catalogue of distresses

Example : longitudinal cracks

pictures illustrating various gravity levels

French Road Network

1 000 000 km
# 100% paved roads
Main Road Network (# 1,5%)
- Motorways (toll)
- National Highways 2x2 lanes

Main Characteristics :
- 40 % traffic concentrated on 4%
of network length
- Several Public or Private Road
Managers

Data acquisition on French Road Networks

Length (km)

Data acquisition

Toll Motorways
(Private companies)

# 10 000

usually M2 (or M1)

Images

National Highways
(Ministry of Transport)

12000 (28000)

systematically M3
Images (2000)
In situ visual inspection

Department roads
(100 Dpartements)

# 380 000

usually M3 (or M4)

In situ visual inspection

Voies communales
(36000 Municipalities)

# 600 000

usually M4 (or M6)

In situ visual inspection

LCPC Test Method

for the Survey of Pavement Surface Distresses

I thank you for your kind attention

copies of LCPC Test Methods are available at LCPC Library

(contact: michel.boulet@lcpc.fr)