Transportation Enabling a Robust

Cislunar Space Economy

9 April 2016

Copyright 2016 United Launch Alliance, LLC.

Unpublished Work. All Rights Reserved.

ULA Existing Rockets

Atlas V Family

401

16 June 2016 | 1

431

Delta IV Family

551

Medium
4,2

Medium
5,4

Heavy

GTO

4,750 kg 8,900 kg

GTO

4,210 kg 13,810 kg

LEO

8,080 kg 15,760 kg

LEO

7,690 kg 23,560 kg

Customers
National Security Space

Civil Space

Human Launch

Robotic Exploration and

Science
Intelligence,
Surveillance and
Reconnaissance
Global
Positioning
System (GPS)

Mars Science
Laboratory

Commercial Space
Commercial
Communication
Earth Imagery

Pluto New Horizons

Increasing Our Knowledge of

the Earth and Its Climate

Geostationary
Operational
Environmental
Satellite (GOES)

Cloudsat

Cargo
16 June 2016 | 2

Crew

Launch History

105
16 June 2016 | 3

ULAs Vision

Long Range Roadmap

Missions Now and into the Future
Enables our Vision

Complete Range of Launch Services

Increased Capability
Much Lower Cost
New Missions

ULAs Roadmap Leads to the Enabling Transportation System for a

Self Sustaining Space Economy
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Cislunar 1000 Vision

16 June 2016 | 5

Cislunar 1000 Vision

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Cislunar Econosphere
NEO
V=3.77

V in (km/s)

V=0.50-2.00

GEO
LEO

V=1.40

V=0.65
V=2.52
V=1.90

V=4.33

EML1

LLO

ETO V=9.53

LEO

ISS
Remote Sensing
Commercial Station
Communication
Space Control
Debris mitigation
Science
R&D
Tourism
Manufacturing
Propellant Transfer
Data
Servers
16 June
2016 | 7

GEO

Observation
Communication
Space Control
Debris Mitigation
Space Solar Power
Repair Station
Satellite Life extension
Harvesting

High Earth Orbit

Science / Astronomy
Communication Link
Way Station
Propellant Depots
Repair Station
Lunar Solar Power Sat
Manufacturing
Planetary Defense

Existing market / Emerging market \ Future market

Lunar Surface

Science/ Astronomy
Lunar
Observatory

Human Outpost
Tourism
Mining
Oxygen/Water
Regolith
Rare Earth Elements
HE3

Manufacturing
Fuel Depots
Solar Power to Earth

Cislunar Transportation System

ACES

Fueled with LO2 and LH2

propellant provided from:
Earth
Moon
Asteroids

XEUS

Reusable Transportation Avoids Earths Deep Gravity Well

16 June 2016 | 8

Lunar Water

Water at Lunar poles

Cold Traps in Craters

~10B mT per pole

Fuel, Water, Oxygen

Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter

Credit: LRO Camera Team

Paul Spudis

Credit: Chris Meaney / NASA 2008

16 June 2016 | 9

Shackleton Crater

16 June 2016 | 10

Credit: NASA/Zuber, M.T. et al., Nature, 2012

First Step: Prospecting

LCROSS
Centaur

Credit: NASA

Resource Prospector

Credit: NASA
16 June 2016 | 11

Griffin Lander

Credit: Astrobotic

30 Year Product Evolution Roadmap

Delta-M
Retired

16 June 2016 | 12

RD180
Retired

Vulcan Centaur
2 BE-4 VTS

BE-4/HS Aft LNG

Skirt

LNG Tank

Intertank

Fwd LNG
Skirt

FWD LO2
Skirt

LO2 Tank

PLF Base
Module

PLFA

5.4M PLF

Completed

BE-4 Pre Burner Test

Credit: Blue Origin

BE-4 CDR

Vulcan PDR

ACES

Advanced Cryogenic Evolved Stage

ACES Tank

150 klb LO2/LH2 propellant

5.4m stainless steel
Monocoque structure

Cryogenic Storage
Stage Design
Insulation
Vapor cooling

Integrated Vehicle Fluids

Advanced Avionics

Engine Options

Refuelable

Power
Pressurization
Reaction Control

RL10C+
XCOR 8H21
BE3U

Affordable, Reusable, Cislunar Transportation

Long Duration
2 way com
Rendezvous

Cryogenic transfer ports

No vent fill

Enabling Technologies In Development

Integrated Vehicle Fluids & Cryogenics

Power
> No Main batteries
Reaction control > No Hydrazine
Pressurization > No Helium

IVF Module

Enables

Weeks to Years
Service Module Flexibility
On Orbit Refueling

IVF Prototype

CRYOTE 3 at MSFC
16 June 2016 | 15

H2/O2 Thruster

Distributed Launch

Vulcan

Earth
Escape

Single
14 mT
Launch
Distributed
30 mT
Launch

GSO
Lunar
or
Surface
Lunar Orbit

10 mT

3.8 mT

24 mT

12 mT

Propellant
Launch

Initial Step to Upper Stage Reuse

Payload
Launch

XEUS

ACES + Mission Kit

Electric LH2 & LO2 pumps

LH2/LO2 Thruster
Landing GN&C
Landing struts

XEUS

16 June 2016 | 17

Cargo

Ascender or
Cargo Module

Lunar Surface Cargo Mission

4) Lunar Orbit Insertion
And Descent
1) Launch
2) Refuel ACES
5) XEUS Terminal Descent
3) Trans-Lunar Injection
ACES & Propellant Tank

ACES/XEUS & Payload

Propellant
Transfer

Enables Large Scale Lunar

Infrastructure
Science
Propellant production
Manufacturing
Habitation

Lunar Resource Extraction

Credit Off-World Consortium

Costs of Resource in Cislunar Space

GEO
LEO

EML1

LLO
$35k/kg

Cost of Resources
($/kg)

$20k

$15k

$10k

Cost From Earth

$5k
$0.001k/kg

Cost From the Moon

$0k

Earth

LEO

GTO

GSO

$0.5k/kg

L1

Moon

Space Solar Power

Unlimited, green, constant,
worldwide source of energy
Energy is a $6T / yr growing business

Transportation Cost per Station

$320B Traditional
$190B Vulcan ACES
$110B Lunar Propellant
$ 6B Lunar Launch
SPS-ALPHA concept by John C. Mankins

Dreams Start with Affordable Launch

Tech Demo

Asteroid prospecting

Lunar prospecting

1 Kg
Cubesats

100 Kg
ABC

1,000 Kg
AQUILA

Standing on the Threshold of

Robust Cislunar Economy

Government

National Security
Science
Communication
Remote Sensing
Research
Education
Exploration

Commercial

Communication
Remote Sensing
Research
Manufacturing
Tourism
Mining
Solar Power
Beaming

Credit: Golden Spike

Solar Power Station

ALPHA

Credit: John C. Mankins

16 June 2016 | 23

16 June 2016 | 24