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blurry.
d. officially occurs when the heart stops beating.
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 548
OBJ: 17.1
ventilator.
b. only eye response is reflexive eye blink.
c. heart-beat rate of 0 per minute for 10 consecutive minutes.
d. lack of electrical activity throughout entire brain and spinal cord.
ANS: A
DIF: Moderate
REF: 548
OBJ: 17.1
DIF: Moderate
REF: 548
OBJ: 17.1
DIF: Easy
REF: 548
OBJ: 17.1
DIF: Difficult
REF: 548
OBJ: 17.1
6. Despite being in an irreversible coma, Karen Ann Quinlan was not considered to be totally
DIF: Moderate
REF: 548
OBJ: 17.1
7. What did Karen Ann Quinlan and Terri Schaivo have in common?
a. Their situations demonstrated that there is only one legitimate definition of death.
b. They both demonstrated that once machines used to keep an individual alive are
DIF: Moderate
REF: 548-549
OBJ: 17.1
8. Owens and colleagues (2006) conducted research on a young woman who had been in a
vegetative state for 5 months. When she was asked to imagine visiting rooms of her house, she
awakened from the vegetative state.
remained in the state, but spoke aloud stating which rooms she was visiting.
had a brain that responded in the same manner as a healthy brain would respond.
showed no measurable neurological reaction to the stimulation.
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 549
OBJ: 17.1
DIF: Moderate
DIF: Moderate
REF: 549
OBJ: 17.1
c. physician-assisted suicide.
d. passive euthanasia.
REF: 549
OBJ: 17.1
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: C
DIF: Easy
REF: 549
OBJ: 17.1
12. How many of the following (active euthanasia, passive euthanasia, physician-assisted suicide)
a. 0
b. 1
ANS: B
DIF: Moderate
REF: 549
OBJ: 17.1
DIF: Easy
REF: 549
OBJ: 17.1
14. Deanna is dying of cancer and her feeding tube was just removed by a nurse. If the goal of
a. passive euthanasia.
b. active euthanasia.
ANS: A
DIF: Difficult
REF: 549
OBJ: 17.1
DIF: Difficult
REF: 549
OBJ: 17.1
16. Some doctors will prescribe painkillers or sleeping pills for terminally ill patients, knowing
that the patient may very well deliberately take a lethal overdose. This is an example of
c. fratricide.
d. assisted suicide.
a. active euthanasia.
b. passive euthanasia.
ANS: D
KEY: WWW
DIF: Difficult
REF: 549
OBJ: 17.1
17. In the United States, there is overwhelming support among members of the general public for
a. passive euthanasia.
b. assisted suicide.
c. active euthanasia.
d. no overwhelming support exists for any of these above mentioned concepts.
ANS: A
DIF: Moderate
REF: 549
OBJ: 17.1
18. Vaughn says, I believe that everyone has the right to tell other people what they want done in
the case they get hurt badly. For example, if I am ever in an accident and go into a coma, I do
not want anyone hooking me up to any machines to keep me alive. Thats why I have a piece
of paper that says that they cannot do that to me! This statement indicates that Vaughn is a
strong proponent of
a. assisted suicide.
c. active euthanasia.
b. physician-assisted suicide.
d. living wills.
ANS: D
DIF: Moderate
REF: 549-550
OBJ: 17.1
death.
b. specify how much medical care you wish to receive if you become terminally ill.
c. appoint guardians to care for all living minor offspring upon one's death.
d. make active euthanasia legal for one's self.
ANS: B
KEY: WWW
DIF: Moderate
REF: 549-550
OBJ: 17.1
DIF: Moderate
REF: 550
OBJ: 17.1
DIF: Difficult
REF: 550
OBJ: 17.1
22. Compared to modern people in the United States, Europeans in the Middle Ages
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: 17.1
23. Olga is a right-to-die activist. As such, she is most likely to agree with the statement,
a. death needs to be seen as a medical failure.
b. the hospice movement is a move in the wrong direction.
c. death needs to be experienced and shared within the family.
d. it is the quantity of life that matters, not the quality of life.
ANS: C
DIF: Difficult
REF: 550
OBJ: 17.1
24. Cross-cultural research on death-hastening practices in the frail elderly has shown that
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: D
DIF: Difficult
REF: 551
OBJ: 17.1
25. In which culture would you expect the loudest celebration following someones death?
a. Irish
c. Japanese
b. Jewish
d. Puerto Rican
ANS: A
DIF: Easy
REF: 551
OBJ: 17.1
26. _____ families often engage in shivah in which the dead are mourned immediately, at 1-
c. Japanese
d. Puerto Rican
DIF: Moderate
REF: 551
OBJ: 17.1
DIF: Moderate
REF: 551
OBJ: 17.2
28. In the United States, the average life expectancy to birth is currently about _____ years.
a. 72
c. 84
b. 78
d. 90
ANS: B
DIF: Difficult
REF: 551
OBJ: 17.2
29. Which is true with regard to life expectancies in the United States today?
a. Life expectancy for all people, regardless of race and gender, is very similar.
b. Males are generally expected to outlive females, by about five years.
c. Hormonal difference may account for sex differences in life expectancy.
d. Life expectancy is based on biological factors and does not vary by socioeconomic
DIF: Moderate
REF: 551
OBJ: 17.2
30. Based on statistics, which United States resident would you expect to have the longest
lifespan?
a. Lenny, an African-American male
b. Lacy, an African-American female
ANS: D
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: 17.2
31. Based on statistics, which United States resident would you expect to have the shortest
lifespan?
a. Tyler, an African-American male
b. Tonya, an African-American female
ANS: A
KEY: WWW
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: 17.2
32. Statistically, an individual born in _____ would have the shortest life expectancy.
a. Sweden
c. China
b. Japan
d. Zambia
ANS: D
DIF: Easy
REF: 552
OBJ: 17.2
33. In the United States, an eight-year-old child would be most likely to die
a. from a terminal illness.
c. as the result of a car accident.
b. from some congenital abnormalities.
d. from child abuse.
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 552
OBJ: 17.2
34. You see an obituary in the local newspaper for a 15-year-old. If you live in the United States,
DIF: Easy
REF: 552
OBJ: 17.2
35. Jens 70-year-old Uncle Ben who lives in the United States just died. As a knowledgeable
individual, Jen would realize statistically, the most likely cause of his death was
c. cancer .
d. cerebrovascular disease.
a. heart disease.
b. suicide.
ANS: A
DIF: Difficult
REF: 552
OBJ: 17.2
DIF: Moderate
REF: 553
OBJ: 17.3
37. The _____ theory of aging emphasizes the haphazard processes causing errors in cells to
DIF: Moderate
c. telomeres theory
d. the Hayflick Limit theory
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
lifespan.
b. environmental is to genetic.
ANS: A
DIF: Difficult
d. active is to passive.
REF: 553-554
OBJ: 17.3
39. Maximum life span is best defined as the _____ number of years that a member of a species
lives.
a. median
b. average
ANS: D
c. minimum
d. ceiling
DIF: Moderate
REF: 553
OBJ: 17.3
DIF: Moderate
REF: 553
OBJ: 17.3
DIF: Moderate
REF: 553
OBJ: 17.3
42. The fact that the maximum lifespan of a mouse is around 3 years, while the maximum
lifespan for a dog and a Galapagos tortoise are about 20 years and 150 years, respectively,
indicates that
a. species-wide genes likely play a role in longevity.
b. size is unrelated to longevity.
c. longevity is highly related to intelligence.
d. the slower you go the longer you live.
ANS: A
DIF: Moderate
REF: 553
OBJ: 17.3
DIF: Difficult
REF: 553
OBJ: 17.3
44. Your child has just been diagnosed with progeria. What outcome should you expect?
a. Death due to a lack of blood clotting within a year
b. A normal life except for the inability to reproduce
c. Death by the teen years as the result of premature aging
d. A normal life except for severe to moderate communication and linguistic
deficiencies
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
DIF: Easy
REF: 553
OBJ: 17.3
OBJ: 17.3
46. Despite being only 12 years old, Chris shows many signs of advanced aging. His skin is
wrinkled, his face looks like that of an old man, and he is suffering from heart failure. Given
these characteristics, it is most likely that Chris is suffering from
a. sickle-cell disease.
c. progeria.
b. Klinefelter syndrome.
d. Turner syndrome.
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 553
OBJ: 17.3
DIF: Moderate
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
48. The average human cell appears to have the capacity to divide about
a. 5 times, plus or minus 2.
c. 1,000 times, plus or minus 50.
b. 50 times, plus or minus 10.
d. 5,000,000 times, plus or minus 10,000.
ANS: B
DIF: Moderate
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
49. When describing aging, Dr. Dog says, It is almost as if we are all born with a biological
death clock that starts cells dividing at conception and later stops the cells so we die. Dr.
Dogs comments fit best with
a. the Hayflick limit.
b. free radical theory.
c. the damage theory of aging.
d. the concept of average life expectancy at birth.
ANS: A
DIF: Moderate
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
DIF: Difficult
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
51. The stretch of DNA that forms the tip of a chromosome is called the
a. telomere.
c. nucleus.
b. free radical.
d. autosome.
ANS: A
DIF: Easy
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
to replicate.
b. cells cannot make connections with other cells after the developmental period, and
DIF: Moderate
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
DIF: Moderate
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
54. The notion of the hypothalamus serving as an aging clock for the body best fits with the
c. antioxidant
d. damage
DIF: Moderate
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
55. _____ theories of aging argue that in early development cells replicate faithfully, but in later
life, this fidelity is lost and cells become increasingly likely to undergo problematic
replication.
a. Programmed
c. Progeria
b. Telomere
d. Damage
ANS: D
DIF: Moderate
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
number of times.
b. death results from an accumulation of defects in cells and organs over time.
c. hormone levels in the brain are systematically altered in old age, and this results in
DIF: Moderate
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
DIF: Moderate
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
58. One toxic byproduct of normal metabolic processing within a cell is called a(n)
a. hormone.
c. antioxidant.
b. free radical.
d. telomere.
ANS: B
DIF: Difficult
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
59. How do free radicals damage the body and result in aging?
a. They have a free electron that is chemically unstable and can damage a cells
DNA.
b. They tend to create elevated levels of testosterone within the body, and this
DIF: Moderate
DIF: Moderate
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
OBJ: 17.3
61. Sixty-year-old Njia says, Ill prove to you that free radicals can impact the body. Just look at
this! If Njia knows what she is talking about, she will most likely show you
a report on high levels of vitamin E in her blood stream.
a medical chart indicating excessive levels of oxygen in her lungs.
a darkened age spot on her arm.
a doctors report indicating the level o the neurotransmitter GABA is extremely
high within her brain.
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 554
10
OBJ: 17.3
62. How many of the following (the Hayflick limit, systematic changes in the immune system,
normal changes in the activity of certain genes as we age) are linked to the damage theory
approach to aging?
a. 0
c. 2
b. 1
d. 3
ANS: A
DIF: Difficult
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
DIF: Easy
REF: 554-555
OBJ: 17.3
64. The sentences, Toxic waste products accumulate because genes shut off. Genes shut off
because toxic waste products build up, were used to make the point that aging is
best explained by biological factors.
best explained by environmental factors.
best explained by a combination of biological and environmental factors.
unexplainable.
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 555
OBJ: 17.3
65. The most likely change in aging that will take place in the near future is a significant
a. increase in maximum lifespan.
c. decrease in average age of death.
b. increase in average age of death.
d. decrease in maximum lifespan.
ANS: B
DIF: Easy
REF: 555
OBJ: 17.4
66. One concern over attempting to stop the aging process by controlling the shortening of
a. blood-related disorders.
b. respiratory failure.
ANS: D
DIF: Difficult
REF: 555
OBJ: 17.4
DIF: Moderate
REF: 555
OBJ: 17.4
68. When Charlene visits her doctor, she is told that one way to slow the aging process is by the
DIF: Moderate
REF: 555
11
OBJ: 17.4
69. Which is the best advice concerning the connection between vitamin E and longevity?
a. Avoid vitamin E at all costs
c. Moderate doses seem ideal
b. One dose a month is ideal
d. The more the better
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 555
OBJ: 17.4
70. Which technique has been shown to be most successful at extending life in laboratory
animals?
a. Severe calorie restriction
b. Manipulation of a gene on the 21st chromosome
c. Hormone replacement therapy
d. Injections of free radicals
ANS: A
DIF: Moderate
REF: 555
OBJ: 17.4
71. Which dietary suggestion has been shown to successfully and significantly extend the life of
some animals?
A diet high in free radicals
An antioxidant-free diet
Severe caloric restriction
Ingesting large quantities of vitamins C and E
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: C
KEY: WWW
DIF: Moderate
REF: 555
OBJ: 17.4
72. In order to effectively alter the maximum lifespan in rats and primates, researchers have used
a. 5-10%
b. 10-20%
ANS: D
DIF: Moderate
REF: 555
OBJ: 17.4
73. Severely restricting ones diet appears to impact aging by doing all of the following except
a. reducing the number of free radicals.
b. altering gene activity.
c. triggering hormones that slow the metabolism.
d. eliminating telomeres from the ends of chromosomes.
ANS: D
DIF: Moderate
REF: 555
OBJ: 17.4
74. How did the 1,800 calorie-a-day diet impact individuals in the Biosphere II?
a. They showed permanent improvement in several physiological indicators.
b. They showed improvement in several physiological indicators that disappeared
DIF: Moderate
REF: 555
12
OBJ: 17.4
DIF: Easy
REF: 557
OBJ: 17.5
76. Kbler-Ross suggested that upon initially being told that they are going to die, most peoples
response in one of
a. denial.
b. anger.
ANS: A
c. bargaining.
d. depression.
DIF: Moderate
REF: 557
OBJ: 17.5
DIF: Moderate
REF: 557
OBJ: 17.5
78. Despite the fact that Davis knows his friend Alice is dying of cancer, the next time they meet,
Davis says, Dont worry about it, we all know that you are going to be fine. According to
Kbler-Ross, Daviss statement exemplifies the dying-related coping device of
a. denial.
c. bargaining.
b. anger.
d. depression.
ANS: A
KEY: WWW
DIF: Moderate
REF: 557
OBJ: 17.5
79. When the doctor tells him that he is dying of cancer, Harley refuses to believe the doctor and
insists that the laboratory results must be inaccurate. Harley is likely in the _____ stage of
dying.
a. denial
c. bargaining
b. anger
d. depression
ANS: A
DIF: Moderate
REF: 557
OBJ: 17.5
80. In Kbler-Rosss original model, the reaction of denial and isolation is followed by the
reaction of
a. acceptance.
b. anger.
ANS: B
c. bargaining.
d. depression.
DIF: Easy
REF: 557
OBJ: 17.5
81. Frieda has been told she is going to die due to an inoperable brain tumor. Her children are
young, and she cannot stand the thought of leaving them behind. All day long, she thinks over
and over again, "I hate those doctors for not finding this sooner. Frieda appears to be in the
_____ stage of dying.
a. denial
c. anger
b. bargaining
d. depression
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 557
13
OBJ: 17.5
82. Sylvia has terminal cancer. After years of very irregular church attendance, Sylvia begins to
go to church every Sunday. She asks of God, "Please let me live to see my daughter graduate
from college. I'll be a good Christian. I'll mend my ways. Just let me live..." This description
indicates that Sylvia is in the _____ stage of dying.
a. anger
c. denial
b. bargaining
d. depression
ANS: B
DIF: Moderate
REF: 557
OBJ: 17.5
83. A hope for less pain, more time, or provisions for children are most common during the _____
stage of dying.
a. isolation
b. denial
ANS: C
c. bargaining
d. acceptance
DIF: Moderate
REF: 557
OBJ: 17.5
DIF: Easy
REF: 557
OBJ: 17.5
DIF: Moderate
REF: 557
OBJ: 17.5
86. Kbler-Ross viewed the _____ stage of development as characterized by a feeling that, the
pain is gone, the struggle is over, and a time of rest before the journey.
a. bargaining
c. acceptance
b. isolation
d. depression
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 557
OBJ: 17.5
87. According to Kbler-Ross, a sense of _____ permeates through all five stages of the dying
process.
a. resentment
b. uncertainty
ANS: C
c. hope
d. fear
DIF: Moderate
REF: 557
OBJ: 17.5
88. With regard to Kbler-Ross's theory, subsequent research on death and dying has
a. provided substantial support for her theory.
b. found that anger is not a typical reaction to death.
c. determined that the dying process does not unfold in the manner she suggested.
d. found that her theory holds in the United States, but not in other cultures.
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 558
14
OBJ: 17.5
89. The major problem with the Kbler-Ross model of dying is that
a. there are specific stages, but she had them in the incorrect order.
b. the dying process is simply not stage-like.
c. there appears to be several stages in the process she has missed.
d. the emotional responses she describes largely don't occur.
ANS: B
DIF: Moderate
REF: 558
OBJ: 17.5
90. Shneidman's work in the area of death and dying suggests that
a. it is more normal to remain depressed than to reach acceptance toward the end of
acceptance of death.
c. dying people experience myriad emotional responses, with many unpredictable ups
and downs.
d. the cause of death has little impact on one's reaction to the dying process.
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 558
OBJ: 17.5
91. All of the following are valid criticisms of Kbler-Rosss theory of dying, except
a. there is no standard order to the stages of dying.
b. it does not describe any of the emotions experienced by people facing death.
c. it does not really take the course of the illness into account.
d. it does not account for how individual differences in personality affect reactions to
death.
ANS: B
KEY: WWW
DIF: Moderate
DIF: Difficult
REF: 558
OBJ: 17.5
c. Mourning
d. Internment
REF: 558
OBJ: 17.6
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: A
DIF: Moderate
REF: 558
OBJ: 17.6
DIF: Easy
REF: 558
15
OBJ: 17.6
95. Nine-year-old Sarah died from cancer. Her teacher and her classmates made black armbands
to wear for a month following her death. Due to the fact that in Sarahs culture the wearing of
black is common following a death, wearing the armbands best illustrates the concept of
a. bargaining.
c. grief.
b. depression.
d. mourning.
ANS: D
DIF: Difficult
DIF: Easy
REF: 558
OBJ: 17.6
OBJ: 17.6
97. Clint has just found out that his friend Eastwood is terminally ill. This has made him feel sad
and lonely at the thought of living life without his pal. Clints feelings best represent the
concept of
a. bargaining.
c. denial and isolation.
b. anticipatory grief.
d. maturational grief.
ANS: B
DIF: Moderate
REF: 558
OBJ: 17.6
following death.
ANS: A
DIF: Moderate
REF: 558
OBJ: 17.6
99. Lawrence just found out that his best friend was killed in a car accident. Lawrences emotional
state would best be described as one of shock, and he feels like his emotions will burst out of
him at any moment. Parkes/Bowlby would most likely describe his grief state in terms of
a. reorganization.
c. yearning.
b. numbness.
d. disorganization/despair.
ANS: B
DIF: Moderate
REF: 558-559
OBJ: 17.6
100. The sense of separation anxiety described in the Parkes/Bowlby attachment model of
DIF: Difficult
REF: 559
16
OBJ: 17.6
101. After her husband dies, Hannah finds herself unable to sleep and very preoccupied with
thoughts of her husband and the events surrounding his death. Hannah is best described as
experiencing what Parkes/Bowlby referred to as
a. yearning.
c. reorganization.
b. numbness.
d. disorganization and despair.
ANS: A
KEY: WWW
DIF: Moderate
REF: 559
OBJ: 17.6
102. According to the Parkes/Bowlby model of bereavement, the feelings of apathy and defeat felt
in response to knowing that you will never be reunited with the deceased are most likely to
initially occur during the _____ stage of bereavement.
a. yearning
c. reorganization
b. numbness
d. disorganization and despair
ANS: D
DIF: Moderate
REF: 559
OBJ: 17.6
103. Allens wife died almost one year ago. For a long period, he experienced overwhelming
emotional turmoil. In the past few weeks, however, he seems to have pulled himself together
and started to make the transition into being a widower. According to the Parkes/Bowlby
model, Allen is best classified as now being in a state of
a. yearning.
c. reorganization.
b. numbness.
d. disorganization and despair.
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 559
OBJ: 17.6
104. Research on the Parkes/Bowlby model demonstrated that _____ was the strongest reaction 24-
c. anger
d. acceptance
DIF: Difficult
REF: 559
OBJ: 17.6
DIF: Moderate
REF: 560
OBJ: 17.6
106. While dealing with his wifes death, Chuck says, I will deal with the financial issues this
week, probably cry next week, and then tackle the issues of dealing with her parents the
following week. This statement provides a great example of the _____ model of coping.
a. complicated
c. dual-process
b. assisted
d. engagement
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 560
17
OBJ: 17.6
DIF: Difficult
REF: 560
OBJ: 17.6
108. After her husband died, Talat focused a great deal of her attention on learning how to take care
of the garden, a task formerly performed by her deceased husband. Her actions represent
_____ coping.
a. anticipatory
c. complicated
b. restoration-oriented
d. loss-oriented
ANS: B
DIF: Difficult
REF: 560
OBJ: 17.6
109. When dealing with a bereaved individual who is depressed or irritable, the typical pattern of
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: A
DIF: Moderate
REF: 560
OBJ: 17.6
DIF: Moderate
REF: 560-561
OBJ: 17.7
DIF: Difficult
REF: 561
OBJ: 17.7
112. Three months after her mother died, 13-month-old Jessica, who initially searched everywhere
for her mom and then appeared very sad, has now taken a renewed interest in playing with her
toys and interaction with new people. Bowlby would suggest that Jessica is in the _____
phase of bereavement.
a. protest
c. despair
b. detachment
d. complicated
ANS: B
DIF: Difficult
REF: 561
18
OBJ: 17.7
113. When the family dog dies at home, Timmy does not understand how this could happen. He
doesnt see any marks on the dog, and without any physical signs, Cory doesnt believe the
dog could actually be dead. This suggests that Cory does not understand the _____ of death.
a. finality
c. universality
b. irreversibility
d. biological causality
ANS: D
DIF: Difficult
REF: 561
OBJ: 17.8
114. Amber was not that upset at her grandfathers funeral because, as she puts it, Its okay. We
can see him when he gets better tomorrow. Ambers statement indicates that she lacks an
understanding of both the _____ aspects of death.
a. finality and irreversibility
c. universality and biological causality
b. irreversibility and universality
d. biological causality and finality
ANS: A
KEY: WWW
DIF: Moderate
REF: 561
OBJ: 17.8
115. Whose statement indicates that they understand the universality of death?
a. James, who says, My grandpa died and never came back.
b. West, who says, You can die from cancer that is inside of you.
c. Artie, who says, Everything that lives dies.
d. Gorden, who says, Machines cannot die.
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 561
OBJ: 17.8
116. Which statement represents an understanding of the most cognitively challenging aspect of
death?
You cannot come back from the dead.
Once dead, always dead.
Everyone eventually dies.
You can die because of something inside of you that you cannot see.
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: D
DIF: Difficult
REF: 561-562
OBJ: 17.8
117. The only thing that Gabe understands about death is that if it stops moving and thinking its
c. universality.
d. biological causality.
DIF: Moderate
REF: 561
OBJ: 17.8
118. The phrase once dead, always dead best matches the death concept of
a. finality.
c. continuing bonds.
b. irreversibility.
d. biological causality.
ANS: B
DIF: Easy
REF: 561
OBJ: 17.8
119. As a typical 7-year-old, Masterson has likely understands the basics of every death concept
except
a. finality.
b. irreversibility.
ANS: D
c. continuing bonds.
d. biological causality.
DIF: Moderate
REF: 561-562
19
OBJ: 17.8
DIF: Moderate
REF: 563
OBJ: 17.8
121. Research on young children with terminal illnesses shows that they
a. usually know that they are going to die.
b. should not be told the details about their illness or that they are going to die.
c. do not have any idea that their illness will result in death.
d. continue to focus on what will happen to them as adults.
ANS: A
KEY: WWW
DIF: Moderate
REF: 563
OBJ: 17.9
play.
c. talk a great deal about their feelings regarding death.
d. give away their belongings.
ANS: B
DIF: Moderate
REF: 563
OBJ: 17.9
123. Which of the following is NOT a common reaction of young children who experience the
death of a parent?
Asking lots of questions
Striking out at the surviving parent
Denying the loss
Exhibiting more emotional than behavioral reactions
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: D
DIF: Moderate
REF: 563-564
OBJ: 17.9
124. Twelve-year-old Harry and his four-year-old brother Potter recently experienced the death of
their mother. How are their reactions to this loss most likely to differ?
Potter is less likely to throw temper tantrums.
Potter is less likely to manifest toileting difficulties.
Harry is more likely to show disturbances in his eating behavior.
Harry is more likely to be able to find comfort by imaging his deceased parents.
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: D
DIF: Difficult
REF: 564
20
OBJ: 17.9
125. Which of the following is true regarding the difference between young childrens and
an afterlife.
b. Adolescents are less likely than younger children to think about the abstract
meaning of death.
c. Adolescents are less likely than younger children to say that death was the result of
DIF: Moderate
REF: 564
OBJ: 17.10
126. Adolescents who are dying are likely to be concerned with their appearance (e.g., loss of
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 564
OBJ: 17.10
127. Although their grief process is similar to that of adults, adolescents are
a. more likely to be concerned that their reaction is abnormal.
b. less likely to express their grief in terms of ailments.
c. more likely to show almost no reaction to the death of a close friend.
d. less likely to bottle up their feelings.
ANS: A
DIF: Moderate
REF: 565
OBJ: 17.10
128. Research on widowers and widows has indicated that a common cognitive grief reaction is
a. overindulgence in alcohol.
c. impaired memory.
b. loss of appetite.
d. sleep disturbances.
ANS: C
DIF: Easy
REF: 566
OBJ: 17.11
129. Research on adults who have lost a spouse tend to show _____ disruptions in cognitive,
a. no
b. insignificant
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 566
OBJ: 17.11
130. Following the death of her husband, Lionel, Latisha shows a consistent pattern of low levels
a. common
b. chronic
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 566
21
OBJ: 17.11
_____ grief is characterized by heightened grief that continues to linger following the death of
a spouse.
a. common
c. resilient
b. chronic
d. improved
ANS: B
KEY: WWW
DIF: Difficult
REF: 566
OBJ: 17.11
132. A _____ pattern of grief is characterized by heightened and then diminishing distress after the
loss.
a. common
b. chronic
ANS: A
c. resilient
d. depressed-improved
DIF: Difficult
REF: 566
OBJ: 17.11
133. The best predictor for depression four years after the death of a spouse is having
a. cohabitated prior to the death of the spouse.
b. the spouse have died from a long, chronic ailment.
c. been depressed prior to the death of the spouse .
d. failed to actively engage in grief work.
ANS: C
DIF: Early
REF: 566
OBJ: 17.11
134. _____ grief is not fully recognized by others and is generally harder to cope with than other
forms of grief.
a. Anticipatory
b. Disenfranchised
ANS: B
c. Chronic
d. Finality
DIF: Moderate
REF: 567
OBJ: 17.11
135. In the United States, who would be least likely to experience disenfranchised grief?
a. A female whose ex-husband just died
b. A gay male whose partner just died
c. A teenager male whose girlfriend was killer by a drunk driver
d. A women who just miscarried her fetus
ANS: C
DIF: Difficult
REF: 567
OBJ: 17.11
her
ANS: B
DIF: Moderate
REF: 567
22
OBJ: 17.11
137. Despite the fact that her son died 10 years ago, Helena has such an intense yearning to have
him back alive that she is unable to keep a job. This description indicates that Helena is best
classified as experiencing _____ grief.
a. complicated
c. palliative
b. disenfranchised
d. anticipatory
ANS: A
DIF: Moderate
REF: 567
OBJ: 17.11
prior to the death versus those who had shaky marriages prior to the death.
ANS: C
DIF: Moderate
REF: 567-568
OBJ: 17.11
DIF: Moderate
REF: 568
OBJ: 17.11
DIF: Moderate
REF: 568
OBJ: 17.11
141. According to the grief-work perspective, in order to cope with death a bereaved individual
must
a. move toward a detachment from the deceased.
b. avoid directly confronting loss.
c. take some responsibility for the death of the loved one.
d. avoid experiencing painful emotions.
ANS: A
KEY: WWW
DIF: Moderate
REF: 568
23
OBJ: 17.12
DIF: Moderate
REF: 568
OBJ: 17.12
143. An individual taking a strong _____ perspective would be most likely to suggest that in order
to cope with the death of a husband, a wife must confront their loss and detach from her
husband.
a. grief-work
c. anticipatory grief
b. disenfranchised grief
d. damage theory
ANS: A
DIF: Moderate
REF: 568
OBJ: 17.12
144. Javier's wife died five years ago. He still daily sets a place at the table for his wife, and breaks
into tears when he must sit down, once again, without his wife beside him at the table.
According to the grief work perspective, Javier's grief reaction is best termed _____ grief.
a. normal
c. distorted
b. chronic
d. inhibition
ANS: B
DIF: Difficult
REF: 568
OBJ: 17.12
145. What research support has been generated concerning the grief-work perspective?
a. A great deal of support that grief is very similar across cultures.
b. A great deal of support for the assumption that bereaved individuals must confront
their loss and experience painful emotions in order to cope successfully with the
loss.
c. A great deal of support for the fact that grief tends to be delayed.
d. Support for the hypothesis that too much ruminating may backfire and actually
prolong psychological distress rather than to relieve it.
ANS: D
DIF: Moderate
REF: 569
OBJ: 17.12
DIF: Moderate
REF: 569
OBJ: 17.12
147. Even though Carlys husband Freddie died four years ago, she continues to feel his presence
and works hard at her job to make him proud. Carlys behavior best exemplifies the concept
of
a. disenfranchised grief.
c. anticipatory grief.
b. palliative care.
d. continuing bonds.
ANS: D
DIF: Moderate
REF: 569
24
OBJ: 17.12
148. Research has shown that continuing bonds are most helpful when they
a. are between a mother and a child.
b. are internal memories of the deceased that provide a base for becoming
independent.
c. contain illusions reflecting a continuing effort to reunite with the deceased.
d. occur in Western cultures like the United States and not in Eastern cultures like
China.
ANS: B
DIF: Difficult
REF: 569
OBJ: 17.12
149. Which attachment style is associated with coping well with the death of a loved one?
a. Avoidant
c. Resistant
b. Secure
d. Disorganized
ANS: B
DIF: Easy
REF: 570
OBJ: 17.12
150. People who have the most difficult time coping with the death of a loved one have
a. high self-esteem and are highly optimistic.
b. low self-esteem and are highly optimistic.
c. high self-esteem and are highly neurotic.
d. low self-esteem and are highly neurotic.
ANS: D
DIF: Moderate
REF: 570
OBJ: 17.12
DIF: Easy
REF: 570
OBJ: 17.12
152. How many of the following (good parenting by the living parent, strong support from siblings,
having people willing to talk to about feelings) would positively influence the response of a
child to the death of a parent?
a. 0
c. 2
b. 1
d. 3
ANS: D
DIF: Easy
REF: 570
OBJ: 17.12
DIF: Moderate
REF: 571
25
OBJ: 17.13
illness.
c. hospitals but not hospices.
d. recognizing that the dying and their family members are experts (i.e., they know
DIF: Moderate
REF: 572
OBJ: 17.13
155. A major difference between hospice care and hospital care for dying individuals is that
a. pain control is emphasized more in the hospital setting.
b. prolonging life is emphasized more in the hospice care setting.
c. the presence of family members is more strongly encouraged in the hospital setting.
d. a more homelike setting of care is emphasized in the hospice care setting.
ANS: D
DIF: Moderate
REF: 572
OBJ: 17.13
156. Research has shown that when compared to those in conventional hospital care, dying
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: C
DIF: Easy
REF: 572
OBJ: 17.13
individual.
c. Family therapy can help bereaved parents and children communicate more openly.
d. Support groups are effective for those dealing with the death of a spouse, but
DIF: Easy
REF: 572-573
OBJ: 17.13
DIF: Easy
REF: 573-574
OBJ: 17.14
TRUE/FALSE
1. One aspect of the definition for total brain death is total unresponsiveness to stimuli.
ANS: T
DIF: Moderate
REF: 548
26
OBJ: 17.1
ANS: F
DIF: Moderate
REF: 549
OBJ: 17.1
3. In the United States, the leading cause of death among children age 1-4 years involves
unintentional injuries.
ANS: T
DIF: Moderate
REF: 552
OBJ: 17.2
4. In the United States, cancer is the leading cause of death of adults over age 65.
ANS: F
KEY: WWW
DIF: Moderate
REF: 552
OBJ: 17.2
DIF: Moderate
REF: 553
OBJ: 17.3
DIF: Moderate
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
DIF: Moderate
DIF: Moderate
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
9. Severe caloric restriction is one of the most successful life-extension techniques in primates.
ANS: T
DIF: Moderate
REF: 555
OBJ: 17.4
DIF: Moderate
REF: 557
OBJ: 17.5
DIF: Moderate
REF: 558
OBJ: 17.6
12. Parkes and Bowlby claimed that yearning while bereaved is a sign of separation anxiety.
ANS: T
DIF: Moderate
REF: 559
OBJ: 17.6
13. Children tend to understand the death concept of biological causality long before they
DIF: Difficult
REF: 561-562
27
OBJ: 17.8
14. Parents who use the analogy of sleep when describing death to children tend to have
DIF: Moderate
REF: 563
OBJ: 17.8
15. The most common adjustment reaction to death of a spouse involves a resilient pattern.
ANS: T
DIF: Difficult
REF: 566
OBJ: 17.11
16. The death of a young child has been found to be much more difficult for parents to bear than
DIF: Moderate
REF: 567-568
OBJ: 17.11
17. Recent research has generated little support for the grief-work perspective.
ANS: T
DIF: Moderate
REF: 568-570
OBJ: 17.12
18. Hospice programs emphasize the importance of death care taking place in a hospital setting.
ANS: F
KEY: WWW
DIF: Easy
REF: 571-572
OBJ: 17.13
COMPLETION
1. The Harvard group defined biological death as involving _____ brain death.
ANS: total
DIF: Moderate
REF: 548
OBJ: 17.1
2. A legal document that specifically outlines the types of medical procedures that can be applied
REF: 549-550
OBJ: 17.1
REF: 553
OBJ: 17.3
KEY: WWW
4. _____ theories of aging emphasize haphazard cellular processes that result in errors and
contribute to aging.
ANS: Damage
DIF: Moderate
REF: 553
OBJ: 17.3
28
5. _____ lifespan is the ceiling number of years a member of a species can live.
ANS: Maximum
DIF: Moderate
REF: 553
OBJ: 17.3
KEY: WWW
6. _____ is a genetic disorder that results in extremely rapid aging of the body.
ANS: Progeria
DIF: Moderate
REF: 553
OBJ: 17.3
7. The fact that a human cell can only divide about 50 times (plus or minus 10) is referred to as
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
8. The DNA section at the tip of a chromosome that does not replicate is called the _____.
ANS: telomere
DIF: Moderate
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
9. Toxic byproducts of the metabolism of oxidation of a cell are called _____ radicals.
ANS: free
DIF: Moderate
REF: 554
OBJ: 17.3
10. Kbler-Rosss first stage of dying of dying was called _____ and isolation.
ANS: denial
DIF: Moderate
REF: 557
OBJ: 17.5
REF: 557
OBJ: 17.5
REF: 558
OBJ: 17.6
29
KEY: WWW
REF: 558
OBJ: 17.6
KEY: WWW
14. According to the Parkes/Bowlby model, the initial reaction to bereavement is that of _____.
ANS: numbness
DIF: Difficult
REF: 558-559
OBJ: 17.6
15. According to the _____ -process model, bereaved individual oscillates between coping with
the emotional blow of a loss and coping with practical challenges of living.
ANS: dual
DIF: Moderate
REF: 560
OBJ: 17.6
16. The term _____ is used to discuss the fact that death is inevitable and happens to all living
beings.
ANS: universality
DIF: Difficult
REF: 561
OBJ: 17.8
17. _____ grief occurs when the relationship between the deceased and bereaved is not fully
REF: 567
OBJ: 17.11
18. According to the _____ perspective, the only adaptive way to cope with death is to detach
REF: 568-569
OBJ: 17.12
19. Bowlby suggested that bereaved individuals often maintain attachments to the deceased
REF: 569
OBJ: 17.12
30
20. _____ programs, which are part of the palliative care movement, emphasize caring over
REF: 571-572
OBJ: 17.13
KEY: WWW
ESSAY
1. How do programmed theories of aging differ from damage theories of aging? Be sure to use
REF: 553-555
OBJ: 17.3
2. What are Kbler-Rosss stages of dying? How has research supported this model?
ANS: Answer not provided
REF: 557-558
OBJ: 17.5
KEY: WWW
3. How does the understanding of death change between infancy and adolescence?
ANS: Answer not provided
OBJ: 17.7 & 17.8 & 17.10
4. Tony is a terminally ill child. Tina is a child whose mother has just died. Describe the
REF: 563-564
OBJ: 17.9
5. In general, which is harder to deal with, the death of a parent, spouse, or child? What
determines how difficult a particular death will be for someone to cope with?
ANS: Answer not provided
REF: 565-568
OBJ: 17.11
6. What is the grief work perspective? In what ways has it come under serious attack by
numerous researchers?
ANS: Answer not provided
REF: 568-571
OBJ: 17.12
7. In your job as a counselor, you must meet with a family in the hospital as they are confronted
with the news that their son has been in a terrible car accident. He is on life support and not
expected to live. They are interested in the hospice option but are really unfamiliar with how it
works and whether there is any benefit to the terminally ill individual or the family. Please
enlighten them.
ANS: Answer not provided
REF: 571-573
OBJ: 17.13
8. What is the biological definition of death? What are the social meanings of death?
ANS: Answer not provided
OBJ: 17.1
KEY: WWW
31
9. Compare and contrast passive euthanasia, active euthanasia, and assisted suicide.
ANS: Answer not provided
REF: 549-550
OBJ: 17.1
KEY: WWW
10. How do the Parkes/Bowlby and dual-process models describe the process of bereavement?
ANS: Answer not provided
REF: 558-560
32
OBJ: 17.6
KEY: WWW