pH test

03.09.2013
M. Nur Alam

Content
pH test
Test Method
Fail properties analysis
Solution

Bureau Veritas Presentation _ Date

pH Value

pH:
the negative logarithm of the effective hydrogen ion concentration or
hydrogen ion activity in gram equivalents per liter used in expressing
both acidity and alkalinity on a scale whose value runs from 0-14
with 7 representing neutrality, numbers less than 7 increasing acidity
and numbers greater than 7 increasing alkalinity

pH = - log [H+]
pH value

Less than 7

Acidic

Equal to 7

Neutral

Greater than 7

Alkaline

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pH Value

Human skin pH value is between 4.5 to 6.0. The slightly acidic pH can
protect skin against bacteria and virus attack.

New born baby has a skin pH closed to neutral (pH 7.0), but its quickly

turn acidic. When people become older, the skin gradually becomes
neutral and it cannot kill bacteria as before.
Residual chemicals in textile/leather give the pH value.
Too high or low pH value of textile/leather articles will cause

IRRITANT TO SKIN.

Bureau Veritas Presentation _ Date

Test Method AATCC 81

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Apparatus and Equipment:

All glassware shall be chemically resistant for preparation of aqueous extract.
400 mL Glass Beaker
Watch glass
1 L Volumetric flask
pH meter, with a glass electrode, capable of measuring to at least 0.1 pH-

units.
Analytical balance capable of weighing to 0.01g
Hot plate
Water Chiller / water bath
100 mL Graduated Measuring cylinder
Glass rod

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Reagents and Consumables:

All chemicals and reagents shall be in analytical grade
Distilled water or deionized water, of at least grade 3 as defined in ISO

3696:1987, having a pH between 5.0 and 7.5 at room temperature.

Buffer solutions, pH 4.0, 7.0 and 10.0.
Potassium hydrogen phthalate (CRM)
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate (CRM)

Bureau Veritas Presentation _ Date

QC preparation
1. Potassium hydrogen phthalate (CRM)
2. Sodium tetraborate decahydrate (CRM)

QC buffer solution, pH ~4 (Prepare monthly)

Dissolve 10.21 g of potassium hydrogen phthalate in water. Transfer to

a 1 L volumetric flask and dilute to the mark with water.

The pH of this solution is 4.00 at 20 deg C and 4.01 at 25 deg C.

QC buffer solution, pH ~ 9 (Prepare monthly)

Dissolve 3.80 g of sodium tetraborate decahydrate (5.4) in water.

Transfer to a 1 L volumetric flask and dilute to the mark with water.

The pH of this solution is 9.23 at 20 oC and 9.18 at 25 oC.

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METHOD (AATCC 81):

Preparation of test samples:
(i) Cut the textile specimen into pieces having about 1x1 sq inch in size.
(ii) Weigh 10 0.1 g of sample.

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METHOD(AATCC 81)
Preparation of the aqueous extract:
(i) Boil 250 mL of water in a 400 mL beaker at a moderate rate for 10 min.
Note: Begin timing when the water starts to boil.
(ii) Immerse the test sample into the beaker, cover with the watch glass
and boil gently for an additional 10 min.

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METHOD(AATCC 81)
Preparation of the aqueous extract:
(iii) Allow the covered beaker and contents to cool
to the room temperature for 2 hours ( water
chiller /ice water bath can be used)
(iv) Stir the extract with a glass rod. Remove the
specimen with tweezers and allow the excess
liquid to drip back into the extract.

Bureau Veritas Presentation _ Date

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Method Blank
Preparation of the method blank
Transfer 250 mL of water in a 400 mL beaker and follow the procedures

as the preparation of sample aqueous extract but without sample.

Distilled water or deionized

water, of at least grade 3 as
defined in ISO 3696:1987,
having a pH between 5.0 and
7.5 at room temperature

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Calibration
Calibration of pH meter
Pour in sufficient amount of the buffer solution to cover the bulb of the

pH electrode in a 150 mL beaker.

Immerse the pH electrode in the buffer solution.
Calibrate the pH meter with buffer solutions at pH 4.0, 7.0 and 10.0 at

the temperature of the extract to be measured and according to the

procedure provided from the supplier.

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METHOD (AATCC 81)

Measurement of the pH of aqueous extract
1. Wash the pH electrode thoroughly with the water between each

measurement.
2. Record the temperature of the extract to be measured.
3. Measure and record the pH of the method blank.
4. Rinse the pH electrode with the water.
5. Immerse the pH electrode in the aqueous extract of sample.
6. Stand the pH electrode in the extract until the pH value stabilizes.
7. Record the pH value of the extract to the nearest 0.1 pH-units.
8. If the alkali side of pH value of the extract is greater than the clients

limit when water chiller is used to cool

7.the sample, the extract should perform second measurement as step 6.

Bureau Veritas Presentation _ Date

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METHOD (AATCC 81)

Second measurement of aqueous extract (Only when water chiller is

used and alkaline side exceeds the client limit)

Stand the beaker containing extract in ambient condition for 2 hours.
Repeat step 1 7 for second measurement of pH value

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QUALITY CONTROL
BV maintain the below quality control parameter for pH test to ensure correct result.
QC-Buffer
QC-4,9
Method Blank
Duplicate Analysis

If any result is over or less than Client limit, recheck is performed to issue result

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Litmus test vs Analytical test

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Litmus paper

Litmus paper

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FAIL PROPERTIES ANALYSIS

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GYMBOREE requirement

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pH result for GYMBOREE

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How RS Get Into Your Textile Products?

Every step in the manufacturing process can get RS into the finished product
Spinning

Weaving
processing
Yarn

Cotton

Processed Fabric

tailoring

Sizing

Printing

Finishing

Dyeing

Finished Garment
Trims

Coating

Pre-treatment

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Environmental pollution control

Country requirement as per The Environment Conservation Rules,

1997, schedule 12(I)

Industry: Leather Tannery
Parameters

Standard for presence

in a unit of mg/l

pH

69

Suspended solids

150

BOD5 at 20 deg C

100

Sulfide (as S)

Total Chromium (as Cr)

Oil and Grease

10

Total dissolved solids

2100

Wastewater per ton of hide processing (in cubic meter)

30

Note: Soak liquor shall be separated from wastewater.

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Environmental pollution control

Country requirement as per The Environment Conservation Rules,

1997, schedule 12(B).

Industry: Composite textile plant and large processing unit
(in which capital investment is more than thirty million Taka)

Standard and presence

Parameters

in a unit of mg/l
6.5 9

pH
Suspended solids

100

BOD5 at 20 deg C

150

Oil and Grease

10

Total dissolved solids

2100

Wastewater flow

100 per kg of fabric processed

Note: BOD limit of 150 mg/l implies only with physico chemical processing.

Special parameters based on classification of dyes used

Total Chromium, as Cr

Sulfide, as S

Phenolic compounds, as C6H5OH

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Global Effluent Requirement

GER
pH
Temp
TSS
BOD
COD
Color
Foam
Hg
Cd
Pb
As
Cu
Ni
Cr
Zn

Acceptable:
Lower Limit
(GER Limit)
6.0 - 9.0
37.0 C
30 mg/l
30 mg/l
Test, Monitor and Report
Qualitative observation
Not persistent
0.01 mg/l
0.01 mg/l
0.10 mg/l
0.01 mg/l
0.25 mg/l
0.20 mg/l
0.10 mg/l
1.0 mg/l

Co

0.02 mg/l

CN-

0.20 mg/l
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Q&A Section

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Practical session

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Have a lab tour

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Heavy metal section

INORGANIC LAB - HEAVY METALS

(ICP-OES, AAS)
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ICPMS

INORGANIC LAB HEAVY METAL

TESTING (ICP-MS)
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Digestion/wet process

MICROWAVE DIGESTION HEAVY

METAL SAMPLE PREPARATION
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GCMS section

ORGANIC LAB (GC-MS)

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LCMS section

ORGANIC (LC-MS/MS & UPLC-MS)

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Fume hood

FUME HOODS - WET PROCESS

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Test flow chart

Log-in & TA

Breakdown,
Preparation

3-> Lab
Wet process
& Analysis

Result Review
(1st stage)

4
Data
Consolidation

Report
Generation

Result Review
(2nd stage)
6
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Log out
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