Was D present in the

forum state when process

was served on him?

Yes

There is VALID
personal jurisiction

NO

Does the forum state

long-arm-state provide for
Jurisdiction over D?

The forum state

cannot exercice
personal jusis over D

No

YES
Is ANY of the fllowing true
1) 1D I domciled in the F.S
OR
is a corp incorporated in a
F.S
2) D has consented to be
sued in F.S
3) D owns property in the
F.S
4) D regularly transacts in the
F.S.

There is VALID
personal jurisiction

YES

NO
Are at least some of D's
Contact with the forum state
voluntary?

NO

D lacks minimum
contats with the forum,
and the forum therefore
can not excersise person
jur over him

YES

Does the cause of action

arise our of or relation to D's
contacts with the forum state

NO

NO

Contact will be
deemed NOT
minimum and thus
not sufficent for
jurisdiction

YES

YES

are D's contacts witht he F.S

sufficenitly great that they
should be deemed minimum
contacts?

Are D's contacts

with the forum
state systemetic
and continuous?

NO

D lacks minimum
contats with the forum,
and the forum therefore
can not excersise person
jur over him

YES

Is jurisdiction resonable,
does it comport with
traditional notions of fair
play? consider the burden on
D, the interests of the f.s., and
the P's interest in getting
releif in the F.s.

YES

NO

Even though D has

minimum contacts with
the f.s due process
prevents the exercice
of pers juc. over him

The court may

constitutionally
exercice
personal
jursidcition over
D