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(Created by Shayan Roy, Tech Support Engineer, Structural Support Team, India)
1. Introduction:
The following is a validation problem of a detailed torsion check including the warping stresses on a UB
203x203x60 which has been subjected to a uniformly distributed load across the full span and a torsional
moment at the centre of the span.
The detailed torsion check in the EN 1993-1-1:2005 implementation in STAAD.Pro has been invoked by using
the TOR 2 parameter.
The combination of the uniformly distributed load and the torsional moment resembles the load acting at a
distance from the shear center.
The implementation calculates the torsional stresses and capacities capacities as per P057. Please refer to
http://communities.bentley.com/products/structural/structural_analysis___design/w/structural_analysis_and_design__
wiki/8064.aspx for further details on this.
2. Validation Problem:
A British I section beam (UB 203x203x60, S275 grade steel) , 4 m long fixed at both the ends has been
subjected to a uniformly distributed load of 1 KN/m , a concentrated point load 1000 KN at the midpoint and a
concentrated torque of 7.5 KNm at the midpoint.
The maximum Bending Moment (Mz) at the end is 51.33 KNm and at mid point is 50.7 KNm.
Maximum Shear Force (VY) is 52KN is at the supports.
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL STEEL ALL
SUPPORTS
1 2 FIXED
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE LOAD CASE 1
MEMBER LOAD
1 CMOM GX 7.5 2
1 CON GY -100 2
1 UNI GY -1
PERFORM ANALYSIS
PRINT MEMBER PROPERTIES
PARAMETER 1
CODE EN 1993-1-1:2005
SGR 1 ALL
CMT 3 ALL
TORSION 2 ALL
TRACK 2 ALL
CHECK CODE ALL
FINISH
3.2 .
Manual Calculation:
Section: UB 203x203x60
Sectional Properties as per Bluebook
A = 76.4 cm; D = 209.6 mm ; b = 205.8 mm ; t f = 14.2 mm; t w = 9.2 mm; r = 10.2 mm
Zz = 584 cm2 ; Zy = 201 cm2 ; Iz = 6120 cm4 ; Iy = 2060 cm4
J = 47.2 cm4; H = 1.97x10 11 mm6
; G = 78846.15
) = 1041.72 mm
The critical ratio for this clause is evaluated at 1m from start of the member as per the STAAD Output File.
As the ends are fixed for torsion and warping and the member is subjected to a concentrated torque, we will use Case 5
of Appendix B, P057 (as directed in Table 6.1, P057). This condition is specified by specifying the CMT parameter as 3.
z =1000, a = 1041.72, = 0.5, L/a = 1.9199, z/a = 0.9599, L/a = 3.8398
K1 =
= 0.9989
K2 =
= 3.0955
K3 =
= -0.1067
K4 =
= 0.851
K5 =
= -5.931
Now,
=
= 3.3476*
Tw, Rd =
==
Now,
And,
= 0.236
= 0.08
Hence, the critical ratio of 0.236 is reported by Staad for this clause. An extract from code check details of the STAAD
Output file is as below:
= 0.045
= -4.243*
= - 7.2146*
Let us calculate the stress at mid span, z = 2m from the start of the member.
Point 1:
Bending Stress:
bz =
byt =
= 86.82 N/mm
Warping Stress:
Warping Normal Stress: wf =- E*Wns* ( CL 2.1.5 of P057, pg 10)
=-205000*10053.3*-7.2146*10^-8 = 148.7 N/mm
tw = 0.
= Gt ( CL 2.1.4 of P057, pg 9)
= 78846.15 * 14.2 * 4.23*10^-8 = 0.0475
The stress check will be performed using equation 6.1 of EN 1993-1-1:2005 as given below:
= Axial stress + (Bending Stress)z +(Bending Stress)y + Normal Stress due to warping.
=Shear stress due to Direct Shear + Shear stress due to pure torsion + Shear stress due to warping torsion.
bz = 86.82 N/mm
byt = 11.34 N/mm
Warping Stress:
Warping Normal Stress: wf = 0 (Normal warping Stress is 0 at mid of flange)
Warping Shear Stress:
tw = -
= 9.86 N/mm
Where Vy is the shear at the section and Q f is the statical moment at the flange.
= 142757mm3
Q f=
Hence,
= 8.32 N/mm
Where Vy is the shear at the section and Q w is the statical moment at the web.
Q w = (205.8*14.2*97.7) + (
Hence,
= 11.34 N/mm
= 29.11 N/mm
) = 323273mm3
= 29.11 N/mm
=
= 2215.6mm2
Hence, V pl,Rd =
= 351.77 KN
= Gt =
corresponding to z =1m is used)
Hence, ,V pl, T,Rd =
)*
= 316.6 KN
An extract from the output file shows the ratio reported as below:
= 1-0 = 1
=
=
And,
= 0.6727
= 1.216
Mb,RD = LT Wy fy / M1
Hence, LT =