Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
SurTec 856
Bright Nickel Process
for Rack and Barrel Application
Properties
Application
The process SurTec 856 includes the following products:
make-up values:
nickel sulfate 6 H2O
nickel chloride 6 H2O
boric acid
SurTec 850 A Carrier
SurTec 856 Brightener
air agitation:
SurTec 850 LN
mechanical agitation: SurTec 850 MA
SurTec 850 D Ductilizer
SurTec 850 C Corrector
SurTec 850 P Purifier
SurTec 850 LCD Purifier
260 g/l
50 g/l
45 g/l
19 ml/l
0.25 ml/l
3 ml/l
3 ml/l
as required
as required
as required
as required
page 1
(16-23 ml/l)
(0.1-1.0 ml/l)
(2-4 ml/l)
(2-4 ml/l)
(0.1-0.5 ml/l)
(0.2-1.0 ml/l)
(0.2-2.0 ml/l)
(0.2-2.0 ml/l)
analytical values:
nickel (Ni2+)
chloride (Cl-)
for barrel application
boric acid
make-up:
65 g/l
15 g/l
Cl- should be higher
45 g/l
(50-75
(12-18
(20-45
(40-45
g/l)
g/l)
g/l)
g/l)
1. In a separate tank, dissolve nickel salts and boric acid in very hot
(> 60C) deionised water (ca. 1/3 of the final volume), under
thoroughly stirring.
2. Add 5 g/l active carbon and stir again for about 2 hours.
3. Allow it to settle and filter into the active tank.
4. Fill up to the final volume with deionised water.
5. Dummy plate for about 4 hours at 0.4 A/dm2, then check the
ductility by plating a test panel.
6. If the test panel is ductile enough, the additives can be added,
if not, dummy plating has to be continued further.
temperature:
55C
(50-60C)
pH-value:
4.2
(4.0-4.4)
adjust with sulfuric acid or increase by plating
cathodic
current density:
2.0 A/dm2
(1.5-6.0 A/dm2)
anodic
current density:
0.3 A/dm2
(0.2-1 A/dm2)
current efficiency:
98 %
deposition rate:
ratio
anode : cathode:
2:1
anodes:
agitation:
tank material:
filtration:
heating:
exhaust:
page 2
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Between each step, there has to be rinsed. The rinsing methods have
to be adapted to the plating line.
Technical Specification
(at 20C)
SurTec
SurTec
SurTec
SurTec
SurTec
SurTec
SurTec
SurTec
850
856
850
850
850
850
850
850
A
LN
MA
D
LCD
C
P
Appearance
Density (g/ml)
liquid,
liquid,
liquid,
liquid,
liquid,
liquid,
liquid,
liquid,
1.102
1.066
1.019
1.005
1.035
1.001
1.070
1.177
yellowish
yellowish
colourless-yellowish
colourless
colourless
colourless-yellowish
greenish
colourless
(1.09-1.12)
(1.05-1.08)
(1.00-1.04)
(0.90-1.10)
(1.02-1.05)
(0.95-1.05)
(0.99-1.15)
(1.13-1.23)
pH-value (conc.)
4.0 (3-5)
4.5 (3.5-5.5)
4.0 (3.5-4.5)
3.5 (2-5)
ca. 3.3
ca. 4.2
3.3 (2-5)
ca. 13
page 3
Sample Preparation
Take a sample at a homogeneously mixed position and let it cool down to room temperature.
If the sample is turbid, let the turbidity settle down and decant or filter the solution.
Nickel Analysis by Titration
reagents:
procedure:
calculation:
correction:
procedure:
calculation:
correction:
procedure:
calculation:
page 4
850
856
850
850
850
A
LN
MA
C
Carrier
Brightener
Wetter
Wetter
Corrector
1-2 l
1.0-2.0 l
approx. 0.5 l
approx. 0.5 l
approx. 0.3 l
In order to prevent delays in the production process, per 1,000 l bath the following amounts
should be kept in stock:
SurTec
SurTec
SurTec
SurTec
SurTec
SurTec
SurTec
SurTec
850
856
850
850
850
850
850
850
Carrier
Brightener
LN
Wetter
MA Wetter
D
Ductilizer
LCD Purifier
P
Purifier
C
Corrector
25
50
25
25
25
25
25
25
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
Warranty
We are responsible for our products in the context of the valid legal regulations. The warranty
exclusively accesses for the delivered state of a product. Warranties and claims for damages
after the subsequent treatment of our products do not exist. For details please consider our
general terms and conditions.
10 August 2015/DK, MT
page 5
cloudy or hazy
depositions
insufficient
throwing power
pitting
insufficient layer
thickness
delamination
of the Ni layer
possible cause
remedy
b) agitation is insufficient
a) pre-treatment is insufficient
c) organic impurities
b) filtration is insufficient
d) iron impurities
e) calcium impurities
a) agitation is insufficient
e) calcium impurities
c) defective contacts
page 6
possible cause
remedy
a) iron impurities
b) organic impurities
b) iron impurities
c) pre-treatment is insufficient
b) organic impurities
a) zinc impurities
b) copper impurities
rough depositions
brittle Ni layer
page 7