Assignment: 6 (Solutions)

Total: 50
Note: The numerical value marked in red colour is correct answer while the answers within
the numerical range of value given in the blue colour are considered as correct answer.
An axial turbine stage with a rotational speed of 3000 rpm is to be designed with an absolute
inlet angle of 30C and an absolute exit angle of 150C at a mean radius of 0.4 m. The machine
is to be designed for a constant axial velocity of 450 m/s. Estimate
1. Specific work from this stage . (kJ/kg)

(4)

Answer
Given:
N = 3000 rpm;

u = r = r 2N = 0.4 2

tan (
=

= 0.4 m;

= 450 m/s

= 125.66 m/s

=
=

= 779.42 m/s

u
=

Specific work, W = u (

= -779.42 m/s

= 125.6 [779.42 (-779.42)]

= 195.79

J/kg

= 195.79 kJ/kg (180 kJ/kg 200 kJ/kg)

Water at 20C leaves a pump impeller with an absolute velocity of 13.94 m/s at the angle 17.9.
The blade speed at the exit is 25.17m/s, and the shaft speed is 3450 rpm. The absolute velocity is
axial at the inlet. Find,
2. the exit flow angle 2 ........... (degree)

(4)

3. the power required . (kW)

(3)

Answer
Given:
= 13.94 m/s;

25.17 m/s; N = 3450 rpm; = 18.0 l/s = 18

Open area at periphery = 93% of total area;

=

= 0 m/s

cos (

= 13.94 cos (17.9)

= 13.27 m/s
= 25.17 13.27 = 11.9 m/s

sin (

= 13.94 sin (17.9)

= 4.28 m/s
tan ( ) =
=

=
(

Specific work,
Power, P =

)
=

(
= (

)=

= 25.17 13.27 = 334.01

= 1000 18

334.01

= 6012.18 W = 6.01 kW (5 kW 7 kW)

Shape number of a centrifugal pump handling water is 0.1. The head developed by the pump is
40 m when flow rate is 0.05 m3/s. The efficiency of this pump is 75%. Assume density of water
as 1000 kg/m3.

4. the rotational speed of the pump is...... (rpm).

(4)

5. the power required by this pump is...... (kW).

(3)

Answer
Given:
= 0.1; H = 40 m; = 0.05

0.75; = 1000 kg/

=
N=

= 2366 rpm (2350 rpm 2400 rpm)

P=

= 26160 W = 26.16 kW (25 kW 30 kW)

Flow rate developed by a pump is 0.02 m3/s. Blade specific work of a pump based on vane
congruent flow is 350 m2/s2. Slip, i.e. the ratio of actual exit absolute tangential velocity to its
ideal value (
/ ) is 0.8. Hydraulic efficiency is 75%, leakage is 5% and mechanical
efficiency is 90%. Neglect disc friction and return flow losses.

6. head developed by the pump is...... (m).

(4)

7. power required by the pump is...... (kW).

(3)

Answer
Given:
= 0.02
= 0.9

= 350

;S=

= 0.8;

= 0.75;

5% of ;

= 105% of = 1.05 0.02 = 0.021

=

W=

==

= 0.75 0.8 350 = 210

= 21.41 m (19 m 23 m)

W=g
=

= 1000 0.021 0.8 350 = 5880 W = 5.88 kW

= 6.53 kW (5 kW 7 kW)

Head developed by a pump handling water is 35 m while running at a rotational speed of 1450
rpm. The flow rate handled by the pump is 0.05 m3/s. This pump has blade outlet angle of 120
(with the tangent). The blade width at the outlet is equal to one-tenth of the outer diameter.
Assume the inlet whirl to be zero and the blades occupy 6% of the circumferential area at
impeller outlet. The hydraulic efficiency is 75%.
8. the outer diameter is....... (m).

(4)

9. the meridional component of velocity at the blade outlet is...... (m/s).

(4)

Answer
Given:
H = 35 m; N = 1450 rpm; = 0.05

Blade occupies 6% of circumferential area

=
=
=
=

= 457.8

= 0.75

=
=

+
=

457.8 =

tan (180 -

)=

tan (60) =

(0.577)

=
=
=
(

(
(

0.05 = 0.298

= 75.92
)
)

On simplification, we get
5764.12

457.8

+ 7.35 =0

On solving, we get
= -0.29, 0.2734
Therefore,
= 0.2734 m = 273.4 mm (0.25 m 0.29 m)

= 75.92
=

= 20.76 m/s

= 2.239 m/s (1.8 m/s 2.4 m/s)

A centrifugal pump handling water has the following dimensions:

impeller inlet diameter = 140 mm; impeller outlet diameter = 280 mm; impeller outlet width = 15 mm;
blade outlet angle = 30; blade inlet angle = 12
The meridional flow velocities at inlet and exit of the impeller are equal. Rotational speed of the pump is
1500 rpm. Neglect vane thickness effect. Assume pre-whirl to be zero at inlet. Find

10. meridional component of velocity is...... (m/s).

(4)

11. volume flow rate handled by the pump is..... (m3/s).

(3)

Answer
Given:
= 140 mm;

= 280 mm;

; N = 1500 rpm

Assuming pre-whirl to be zero i.e.,

= 11 m/s

)=

tan

tan

) = 11 tan (12) = 2.34 m/s (2 m/s 3 m/s)

=
= 0.280.0152.34 = 0.0309

(0.025

0.04

A blower delivers 1.0 m3/s of air (density of air is 1.15 kg/m3) with stagnation pressure rise
across the impeller is 120 mm of water column, the impeller speed being 1450 rpm. Given
impeller outer diameter = 550 mm, impeller inlet diameter = 240 mm, impeller inlet width = 115
mm, impeller outlet width = 45 mm and the number of vanes is 12. Assuming inlet pre-whirl to
be zero with hydraulic efficiency of 85 % and a leakage of 10 %. Neglecting slip, Calculate
12. impeller specific work . (m2/ s2)

(4)

13. exit meridional component of velocity .. (m/s)

(3)

14. exit relative flow angle .. (degree)

(3)

Answer
Given:
= 1.0

= 240 mm = 0.24 m;
; Z = 12;

= 550 mm = 0.55 m;
;

;
; leakage = 10%; N = 1450 rpm

= 120 mm of water column = gh = 10009.810.12 =1177.2 N/

= 18.22 m/s

= 41.76 m/s

Volume flowing through the impeller,

= 12.69 m/s

Assume pre-whirl to be zero

)=

tan
=

W=
=

(1190

= 1023.66

= 1204.3
- 1230

=
=
=

= 28.84 m/s

= 1.10 = 1.101.0 = 1.1

=
tan

)=
=

tan

=
=

)=
=

= 14.15 m/s (13 m/s 15 m/s)

=
=

= 1.095
(