1

UNIT 11
SURFACE CHEMISTRY
1.

2.

The enrichment of chemical substances at

the surface of a solid is called
(a) adsorption
(b) absorption
(c) isotherm

6.

constants are n =3.0, k=0.50 for

7.

The Langmuir adsorption isotherm is based

on the assumption of
(a) a constant heat of adsorption
(b) a flat solid surface
(c) ideal gas behaviour
(d) zero activation elergy for adsorption

8.

Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation was

derived on the basis of
(a) uni-molecular layer
(b) multi-molecular layers
(c) marco-molecular layers
(d) all type of layers

9.

which of the following gases is likely to be

adsorbed by 1 gram of charcoal at s.t.p. ?
(a) SO2
(b) H2S
(c) H2
(d) He

solution
(d) all of the above
3.

4.

Which of the following characteristics

about adsorption is wrong ?
(a) adsorption on solids is reversible in
nature
(b) adsorption, in general, increases with
increase in temperarture
(c) adsorption is generally selective in
nature
(d) both enthalpy and entropy of adsorption
are negative
Freundlich adsorption isotherm decribes the
adsorption of gases by solids. The amount
x
of gas adsorbed per gram of adsorbent
m

and the pressure (b) of the gas is

represented as
(a)

x
= k p1/n
m

1/ n

x
(c) p = k
m

5.

(b)

x
k
= 1/ n
m
p

x
(d)
= k
m
p

1/ n

100 ml of 0.3 M acetic acid is shaken with

0.8 g of activated charcoal. The final
concentration of solution after adsorption is
0.125 M. The weight of acetic acid
adsorbed per gram of carbon is
(a) 0.125 g
(b) 0.0175 g
(c) 1.05 g
(d) 1.31 g

x
in
m

grams per gram and c in grams per litre.

What weight of dye will be adsorbed by 2
grams of charcoal from a litre of solution
containing 2 grams of charcol from a litre
of solution containing 2 grams of the dye ?
(a) 1 g
(b) 1.5 g
(c) 0.5 g
(d) 0.25 g

The Gibbs adsorption equation

(a) gives the effect of concentration of a
solute on the surface tension of solution
(b) shows that solutes like soap which lower
the surface tension concentrate in the
surface
(c) shows that solutes like KCl which raise
the surface tension concentrate in the
bulk of

For the adsorption oa a dye from aqueous

solution by charcoal at 25C, the Freundlich

10. The molar heat of adsorption of a gas by an

adsorbent is 20 kg per mole. It is correct to
conclude that
(a) it is a case of physical adsorption
(b) the gas is adsorbed by Van der Waals
forces
(c) the gas is easily liquifiable
(d) all of these
11. The volume of N2 gas (area per molecule is
16.2 A) adsorbed per gram of a finely
powdered at s.t.p. is 3.01 c.c. The surface
area occupied by the gas in Cm2 is ( 1A =
1016 sq.cm.)
(a) 1.31 105
(b) 2.62 105
6
(c) 1.31 10
(d) 2.62 1016
12. Adsorption explains all the following
except
(a) origin of charge on colloids
(b) decolourization of sugar solution

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(c) efficiency of finely divided metals as

catalysts
(d) action of enzymes
13. The most commonly used adsorbent for
chromatographic separation of organic
compounds is
(a) silica gel
(b) alumina
(c) fullers earth
(d) activated charcoal
14. Predict which of the following is eluted fast
bya solvent when a mixture of p-cresol,
chlorobenzene,
o-cresol,
naphthalene
chromatographed on Al2O3?
(a) p-cresol
(b) chlorobenzone
(c) o-cresol
(d) naphthalene
15. The kinetics of the decomposition of NH3on
the tungsten surface follows
(a) zero order
(b) first order
(c) second order
(d) third order
16. Retardation reactions are those
(a) in which the rate of reaction is
independent of pressure
(b) in which the products are strongly
adsorbed on the surface of the solid
catalyst
(c) which are reversible under all condition
(d) for which G is positive
17. Which of the following is a correct
decription of a catalyst ?
(a) it supplies energy to the reactants, so
enabling them to react more quickly
(b) it is a substance which has no effect on
the reactions occupying in a system at
equilibrium
(c) it ensures that reactants are more quickly
and more completely converted into
products
(d) It offers a less energy-requiring
alternative reaction mechanism
18. Light speed up many reactions and is
sometimes spoken as a catlyst. It is
incorrect to refer to light as catalyst because
(a) it is used up in photochemical reactions
(b) it does not lower the activation energy
barrier

(c) it does not provide another reaction

pathway with a lower Ea but simply
supplies energy to surmount the energy
hump
(d) all of these
19. Solid catalysts involve formation of
activated complex of lower potential energy
thereby providing more favourable reaction
mechanisms. The reasons for the
effectiveness of surface catalysts are
(a) adsorption at the surface increases
concentration of the reacting molecules
(b) adsorption weakens the bonds within the
reacting molecules
(c) adsorption produces a more favourable
orientation of the reacting molecules
(d) all of these
20. Which of the following is not an example of
reaction slowed down by an inhibitor ?
(a) addition of antioxidants in rubber
(b) antiknock agents in petrol
(c) addition of ethanol to CHCl3
(d) decreased efficiency of Pt catalyst in the
contact process by As2O3
21. Consider the reaction
Al2O3 catalyst ethene
C2H5OH
CuO catalyst ehanal
It is correct to conclude that
(a) a catalyst is characterised by selectivity
(b) there is different energy requirement of
different surface catalysts
(c) dehydration and oxidation reactions
involve different mechanisms
(d) none of these
22. The reaction between H2 and O2 in the
presence of Pt to form water occurs with
explosive violence but there is not reaction
in the absence of a catalyst. This shows
(a) activity of catalyst
(b) selectivity of catalyst
(c) promotion of a catalyst
(d) none of these
23. To prepare p-xylene, the Friedel-Crafts
reaction
CH 3Cl

o and p xylenes
AlCl3

Is carried on a Zeolite. This is because

(a) of shape-selective catalysis by Zeolites

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(b) of the presence of pores in Zeolites

(c) p-xylene, a symmetrical molecule,
diffuses fast through the pores of Zeolite
escaping isomerisation to more stable mxylene
(d) Zeolites have cavities and pores
24. Catalytic poisons act by
(a) preferential adsorption on the catalyst
surface
(b) chemical combination with any one of
the reactants
(c) increasing the rate of the backward
reaction
(d) making the products chemically inactive
25. A substance like CO, As2O3, HCN which
paralyses the catalytic activity of a catalyst
is called
(a) a negative catalyst
(b) autocatalyst
(c) a promoter
(d) posion
26. Which of the following is an example of
heterogeneous catalytic reactions ?
(a) SO2 +

+
1

SO2
O2 H
2

(b) ester (1) acid (1) + alcohol (1)

(c) H2O2 H2O +

1
O2
2

(d) CH3CHO CH4 + CO

27. The adsorption theory explains the action of
all except
(a) heterogeneous catalysis
(b) catalytic promoters
(b) catalytic posion
(d) acid-base catalysis
28. Which of the following is an incorrect
statement ?
(a) adsorption decreases surface energy
(b) enzymes are highly specific in their
reactions
(c) Oxidation of Na3AsO3 to Na3 AsO4 by
air in presence of Na2 SO3 is induced
catalysis
(d) in a reversible reaction, a catalyst affects
the forward reaction more than a
backward reaction
29. As a general rule, adding a catalyst to
reacting system
(a) increases the yield of the product
(b) decreases the yield of the product

(c) does not affect the yield of product

(d) increases and decreases the yield
irregularly
30. The difference between the P.E. of the
reactants and that of the products is called
(a) activation energy
(b) activated complex
(c) reaction pathway
(d) heat of reaction
31. When the enzymes in living things are in
contact with large molecules such as those
of strach, they function as
(a) catalyst
(b) direct reactants
(c) oxidising agents
(d) products
32. The effect of a catalyst in reversible
reaction is to
(a) reduce energy of activation
(b) lower the rate of the backward reaction
(c) increase the heat of reaction
(d) alter the equilibrium composition
33. In the colloidal state, the particle size
ranges from
(a) 1 to 10 A
(b) 10 to 100 A
(c) 10 to 10000 A
(d) 1000 to 10000 A
34. Peptisation is the process of transferring
back
(a) a precipitate into a colloidal solution
(b) a precipitate into a true solution
(c) a colloidal solution to aprecipitate
(d) both colloidal solutions and precipitates
to true solution
35. A typical industrial smog is an example of a
colloidal
(a) aerosol
(b) foam
(c) emulsion
(d) sol
36. Black diamonds are dispersion of
(a) solids in solids
(b) solids in gas
(c) solids in liquids
(d) liquids in solids
37. A dispersion of liquid soap in water is an
example of a colloidal
(a) aerosol
(b) foam
(c) gel

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(d) emulsion
38. Soap suds, lemonade froth called foams are
colloidal dispersions of
(a) gas in liquid
(b) gas in solid
(c) liquid in gas
(d) solid in gas
39. Smoke is an aerosol of
(a) liquid in gas
(b) solid in gas
(c) gas in solid
(d) liquid in solids
40. Sub-microscopic soil particles dispersed in
water is an example of
(a) aerosol
(b) foam
(c) gel
(d) sol
41. Sals are purified by all the following except
(a) dialysis
(b) electro-dialysis
(c) ultra filteration
(d) electro-osmosis
42. A freshly precipitated AgCl is brought into
a sol by a solution containing the chloride
ion. This process is called
(a) peptisation
(b) electrosmosis
(c) dialysis
(d) any of these
43. True solution may be
(a) milky
(b) cloudy
(c) coloured
(d) opaque
44. One significant difference between a
solution and colloidal suspensions is that
colloidal suspensions
(a) are clear
(b) will not separate on standing
(c) show the Tyndall effect
(d) will pass through a filter
45. The development of the ultramicroscope
make use of the
(a) Zeeman effect
(b) de-Broglie concept
(c) Raman effect
(d) Tyndall
46. The migration of colloidal particles under
the influence of electrical potential is called

(a) electrophoresis
(b) electro-dialysis
(c) electro-osmosis
(d) none of these
47. Which of the following sol is not negatively
charged ?
(a) gold sol
(b) clay
(c) As2S3 sol
(d) Fe(OH)3 sol
48. Which of the following does not make use
of charge on sol particles ?
(a) electro-deposition of rubber
(b) cotterell smoke precipitators
(c) removal of colloids in sewage water
(d) making milk cream from milk
49. An As2S3 is most rapidly co-agulated by the
addition of 1 N solution of which one of the
following ?
(a) Na3 PO4
(b) BaCl2
(c) NaCl
(d) Al2(SO4)3
50. The greater the charge on an ion, the
greater its co-agulating poewer is a
statement of
(a) Tyndall effect
(b) Henrys Law
(c) Hardy-Schultz rule
(d) Mosleys Law
51. Given below are gold numbers of some
colloids:
Gelatin 0.005 0.01; Gum Arabic 0.15
0.25.
Which of these is better protective colloid ?
(a) Gelatin
(b) Gum Arabic
(c) Sod. Oleate
(d) Starch
52. Brownian motion is due to
(a) convection currents in fluids
(b) settling of dispersed phase under gravity
(c) unbalanced inpacts of the molecules of
dispersion medium on the sol particles
(d) none of these
53. Gelatin is often used as an ingradient in the
manufacture of ice cream. The purpose of
adding gelatin is
(a) to prevent formation of colloidal sol

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(b) to stabilize the colloid and prevent

crystal growth
(c) to improve the flavour
(d) to increase the bulk
54. If oil and water are made to mix by adding
soap, the resulting mixture is called
(a) a solution
(b) a suspension
(c) an emulsion
(d) a tincture
55. The pH range at which a hydrophilic sol has
no charge and is least stable is called its
(a) the point of high electrical conductance
(b) the point of maximum electrical charge
gradient
(c) the flocculation point
(d) the isoelectric point
56. ???????? milk is a colloidal suspension
from which proteins may be precipited by
(a) adding an acid
(b) pasteurisation
(c) filteration
(d) by allowing the milk to settle
57. Digestion of fats in the intestines is aided
by
(a) hydrolysis
(b) oxidation
(c) de-emulsification
(d) emulsification
58. Which of the following will coagulate the
gold quickest ?
(a) NaCl
(b) MgSO4
(c) Al2(SO4)3
(d) K4Fe(CN)6
59. The precipitating power of an electrolyte or
ion is the minimum concentration in milli
moles per litre required to cause the
precipitation of a sol in 2 hours. It is called
its Flocculation value. The flocculation
value of some ions is given Na+ 51; K+ .50;
Ba2+ 0.69; Al3+ 0.093
Which of these ions will coagulate As2SO3
most quickly ?
(a) Na+
(b) K+
(c) Ba2+
(d) Al3+

60. A coagulant frequently added to water to

remove suspended impurities is
(a) Cu(NO3)2
(b) ZnCl2
(c) Na2CO3
(d) Al2(SO4)3
61. Soap is the sodium salt of a fatty acid.
When soap is added to water the colloidal
solution obtained is
(a) positively charged
(b) negatively charged
(c) neutral in nature
(d) not ionised
62. Which of the following colligative
properties can be used to characterise the
colloidal particles ?
(a)
(b) p
(c) tb
(d) Tf
63. Which of the following is an incorrect
statement ?
(a) soaps and synthetic detergents are
associated colloids
(b) gels frequently shrink and exclude water
(synersis)
(c) tinctures are solution of FeCl3 in alcohol
(d) vigorous mixing of olive oil and water
will produce a stable emulsion
64. The stabilization of dispersed phase in a
lyophobic colloid is due to
(a) the adsorpition of charged substance on
dispersed phase
(b) the large electro-kinetic potential
developed in the colloid
(c) the formation of an electrical double
layer between the two phases
(d) the viscosity of the medium
65. A sol of As2S3 will prefer to absorb
(a) NO 3
(b) K+
(c) H+
(d) S2
66. Swelling,
syneresis,
properties of
(a) sols
(b) emulsions
(c) gels
(d) foams

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thixotropy

are

67. The emulsifying agent in milk is

(a) a fat
(b) protein caesin
(c) enzyme
(d) latice acid
68. The origins of charge on sol particle is due
to
(a) ionisation of sols
(b) catephoresis
(c) co-agulation

(d) preferential adsorption of ions from the

aqueous medium
69. Soaps function as cleansing agent due to
(a) lowering in surface tension
(b) solubilisation of grease into micelles
(c) emulsification of grease
(d) all the above

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