Circulatory System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Eye and Ear

Behavior

Endocrine System

Clinical Pathology and Procedures

Generalized Conditions

Emergency Medicine and Critical Care

Immune System

Exotic and Laboratory Animals

Integumentary System

Management and Nutrition

Metabolic Disorders

Pharmacology

Musculoskeletal system

Poultry

Nervous System

Toxicology

Reproductive System

Zoonoses
Reference

Circulatory System
Anemia
Introduction
Toxic Causes of Anemia
Infectious Causes of
Anemia

Blood Groups and Blood Transfusions

Introduction
Major Blood Groups of Clinical Interest

Blood Parasites
Trypanosomiasis
Tsetse-transmitted Trypanosomiasis
Tsetse-transmitted Animal Trypanosomes
Drugs Commonly Used for Trypanosomosis in Domestic Animals

Digestive System
Digestive System Introduction
Introduction
Differentiation of Small-intestinal from Large-intestinal Diarrhea

Infectious Diseases
Overview of Gastrointestinal Parasitism
Common Pathogens of the Gastrointestinal Tract

Dental Development
Introduction
Dental Formulas

Estimation of Age by Examination of the Teeth

Eruption of the Teeth

Colic in Horses
Introduction
General Concepts Regarding Fluid Needs in Dehydrated Horses

Intestinal Diseases in Pigs

Introduction
Age Distribution of Diarrheal Diseases in Pigs

Diseases of the Stomach and Intestines in Small

Animals
Malabsorption Syndromes
Mechanisms of Malabsorption

Gastrointestinal Parasites of Small

Animals
Roundworms
Drugs with Approved Activity Against Intestinal Helminths of Dogs and Cats

Tapeworms
Cestodes of Dogs and Cats in North America
Cestodes of Public Health Importance

Eye and Ear

Ophthalmology
Glaucoma
Intraocular Pressure (IOP) by Applanation Tonometry

Lens
Inherited Cataracts in Domestic Animals

Endocrine System
The Parathyroid Glands and Disorders of Calcium Metabolism
Hypercalcemia in Dogs and Cats
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy
Characteristic Laboratory Abnormalities of Common Causes of Hypercalcemia

Generalized Conditions
Congenital and Inherited Anomalies
Environmental Factors
Congenital Disorders with a Known Molecular Basis

Peritoniti
s
Introduction
Common Causes of Peritonitis in Livestock
Characteristics of Adult Bovine and Equine Peritoneal Fluid
Peritoneal Fluid Characteristics and Classification in Dogs and Cats

Immune System
Immunopathologic Diseases
Immune-deficiency Diseases
Deficiencies in
Phagocytosis
Laboratory Tests for Immune-deficiency Diseases in Dogs

Integumentary System
Metabolic Disorders
Disorders of Phosphorus Metabolism
Postparturient Hemoglobinuria
Common Causes of Red Urine in Cattle

Musculoskeletal System
Myopathies and Myositides
Exertional Myopathies
Exertional Myopathies in Horses
Chronic Exertional
Rhabdomyolysis
Differential Diagnoses of Equine Myopathies

Nervous System
Neoplasia of the Nervous
System
Introduction
Tumors of the Nervous System in Dogs and Cats

Reproductive System
Reproductive System Introduction
The Gonads and Tubular Genital Tract
Approximate Gestation Periods
Approximate Incubation Periods
Features of the Reproductive Cycle

Respiratory System
Lungworm Infection
Introduction
Recommended Treatments for Lungworms

Urinary System
Urinary System, Introduction
Introduction
Advantages and Disadvantages of Urine Collection Methods

Noninfectious Diseases of the Urinary System in Small Animals

Renal dysfunction
Chronic Kidney Disease
International Renal Interest Society Classification of Stages of Kidney Disease

Urolithiasis
Overview
Urolith Names

Behavior
Behavioral Medicine
Introduction
Introduction
Levels of Causality to Consider in Behavioral Diagnosis

Principles of Pharmacologic Treatment

Drugs that May Be Useful in the Treatment of Canine Behavioral Diagnoses
Drugs that May Be Useful in the Treatment of Feline Behavioral Diagnoses

Clinical Pathology and Procedures

Collection and Submission of Laboratory
Samples
Introduction
Guidelines for Submitting Samples for Toxicologic Examination

Diagnostic Procedures for the Private Practice Laboratory

Cytology
Cytology of Specific Sites
Characteristics of Transudates and Exudate

Euthanasia
Introduction
Agents and Methods of Euthanasia by Species

Emergency Medicine and Critical Care

Evaluation and Initial Treatment of the Emergency
Patient
Primary survey or Triage
Airway
Parameters to Evaluate During Triage

Specific Diagnostics and Therapy

Cardiopulmonary-cerebral Resuscitation
Advanced Life Support
Drugs Used in Cardiopulmonary-cerebral Resuscitation, Dosages, and Indications

Fluid Therapy

Fluid Selection
Colloids
Synthetic Colloids

Crystalloids
Crystalloids

Monitoring Procedures for the Critically Ill

Animal
The Rule of Twenty
Analgesics Used in Emergency Practice

Equine Emergency Medicine

Equine Emergency Procedures
Emergency Fluid Therapy
Physical and Laboratory Parameters for Estimation of Dehydration in Horses

Exotic and Laboratory Animals

Caged Birds
Management
Blood Collection and Bolus Fluid Administration in Common Avian Species

Pediatric Diseases
Common Pediatric Disorders in Psittacines

Mycotic Diseases
Candidiasis
Antimicrobials Used in Caged Birds
Differential Diagnoses for Regurgitation in Pet Birds
Antifungals Used in Caged Birds

Miscellaneous Diseases
Feather Destructive Behavior
Psychotropic Medications Used for Feather Plucking in Caged Birds

Fish
Therapeutic Considerations
FDA-approved Drugs for Aquaculture Use in the USA (2002)
Drugs Designated as Low Regulatory Priority for Aquaculture by the FDA

Fish Health Management

Parasitic diseases
Protozoa Infecting Gills and
Skin
Protozoan Parasites of Fish

Helminthiasis
Helminth Parasites of Fish

Laboratory Animals
Management

Selected Physiologic Data of Laboratory Animals

Nonhuman Primates
Bacterial Diseases
Nonhuman Primate Therapeutics

Rabbits
Nutrition
Nutrient Requirements of Rabbits

Reptiles
Sedation and Anesthesia
Pain Medications Used in Reptiles

Bacterial Diseases
Antimicrobial Drugs for Use in Reptiles

Sugar Gliders
Introduction
Selected Physiologic Data for Sugar Gliders
Selected Hematologic and Serum Biochemical Values for Sugar Gliders

Vaccination of Exotic Mammals

Introduction
Vaccinations Recommended for Exotic Mammals

Management and Nutrition

Health-management Interaction:
Pigs
Introduction
Space Needs of Growing-Finishing Pigs

Management of Reproduction: Cattle*

Calving Management
Immunization Program to Protect Against Prepartum Diseases of the Breeding Herd
Immunization Program to Protect Against Diseases of the Neonatal Calf

Management of Reproduction: Horses

Vaccinations
Example of Vaccination Schedule for Broodmares

Management of Reproduction: Pigs

Introduction
Reproductive Indices Used in Swine Herds

Breeding Management
Suggested Minimum Spermiogram Values for Breeding Boars
Factors Affecting Ovarian Activity of Pigs
Suggested Guidelines for Boar Usage Based on Breeding Program
Common Tests to Detect Pregnancy In Pigs

Nutrition: Cattle

Beef Cattle
Nutritional
Requirements
Mean Nutrient Content of Feeds Commonly Used in Beef Cattle Diets
Nutrient Requirements of Pregnant Replacement Beef Cows
Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cows
Nutrient Requirements of Growing and Finishing Beef Cattle
Nutrient Requirements Of Growing Beef Bulls
Requirements and Maximum Tolerable Levels of Minerals for Beef Cattle

Performance Modifiers
Effects of Ionophores on the Performance of Beef Cattle
Feeding Guidelines for Large-Breed Dairy Cattle

Dairy Cattle
Nutritional
Requirements
Overview
Daily Nutrient Requirements for Dairy Cattle
Water Intake of Dairy Cattle (gal./day)
Estimates of Rumen Undegraded Protein in Common Feedstuffs at 4 x Maintenance
Sources of Supplemental Calcium and Phosphorus for Dairy
Cattle

Feeding and Nutritional Management

Feed Additives

Nutrition: Exotic and Zoo

Animals
Birds
Passerines
Avian Diets

Psittacine
s
Recommended Nutrient Concentrations for Most Psittacines

Miscellaneous Birds
Recommended Nutrient Concentrations for Ostriches, Rheas, and Emus

Mammals
Bats
Diets of Selected Mammals

Primates
Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates

Reptiles
Overview
Recommended Nutrient Concentrations for Reptiles*

Nutrition: Goats
Nutritional Requirements
Daily Nutrient Requirements of Goats

Nutritional Diseases
Example Rations for Goats

Nutrition: Horses
Nutritional Requirements
Daily Nutrient Requirements of Growing Horses and Ponies
Daily Nutrient Requirements of Mature Horses and Ponies
Body Condition Scores for Horses
Average Milk Production of Mares
Energy Requirements of Work for Light Horses and Desirable Body Condition Scores

Nutritional Diseases
Recommended Nutrient Concentrations in Rations for Horses and Ponies
Concentrates Satisfactory for Use with Hays as Indicated in table 36

Nutrition: Pigs
Nutritional Requirements
Dietary Nutrient Requirements of Growing Pigs Allowed Ad Lib Feed (90% dry matter)
Dietary Nutrient Requirements of Gestating and Lactating Sows (90% dry matter)

Nutrition: Sheep
Nutritional Requirements
Daily Nutrient Requirements of Sheep

Feeding Practices
Feeding Ewes
Rations for Pregnant Ewes up to 6 Wk Before Lambing
Grain Mixture for Pregnant Ewes

Feeding Lambs
Creep Rations for Suckling and Early-weaned Lambs
Recommended Formulas for Finishing Lambs

Feeding Range Sheep

Pattern for Range Supplements for Sheep

Nutrition: Small Animals

Nutritional Requirements and Related Diseases
AAFCO Nutrient Requirements for Dogs
AAFCO Nutrient Requirements for Cats

Pharmacology
Systemic Pharmacotherapeutics of the Cardiovascular System
Positive inotropes
Overview
Commonly Used Cardiovascular Drugs and Dosages

Systemic Pharmacotherapeutics of the Digestive System

The Monogastric Digestive System
Drugs Affecting Appetite
Drugs Used to Stimulate Appetite

Drugs to Control or Stimulate Vomiting

Emetic Drugs
Antiemetic Drugs

Therapy of Gastrointestinal Ulcers

Antiulcerative Drugs

Drugs Used in Treatment of Diarrhea

Antidiarrheal Drugs

Drugs Used in Treatment of Chronic

Colitis
Drugs Used for Chronic Colitis

Gastrointestinal Prokinetic
Drugs
Prokinetic Drugs

Cathartic and Laxative Drugs

Cathartic and Laxative Drugs

Systemic Pharmacotherapeutics of the Integumentary System

Antibacterials
Dosages of Antistaphylococcal Antibiotics

Antifungals
Dosages of Antifungal Medications

Essential Fatty Acids

Antihistamine Dosages

Hormonal Therapy
Glucocorticoids

Vitamins and Minerals

Psychotropic Drugs Used for Skin Disorders

Systemic Pharmacotherapeutics of the Muscular

System
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents
Competitive Nondepolarizing Agents and Antagonists

Skeletal Muscle Spasmolytics

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Anabolic Steroids
Anabolic Steroids

Systemic Pharmacotherapeutics of the Nervous System

Anticonvulsants
Anticonvulsant Drugs

Drugs Used for Treatment of Status Epilepticus

Tranquilizers, Sedatives, and Analgesics

Tranquilizers and Sedatives without Analgesic Effects

Psychotropic Agents
Analgesics

Systemic Pharmacotherapeutics of the Respiratory System

Antitussive Drugs
Antitussive Drugs

Systemic Therapy of Airway Disease

-Adrenergic Agonists
-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist Drugs

Methylxanthines
Methylxanthine Bronchodilators

Systemic Pharmacotherapeutics of the Urinary

System
Bacterial urinary Tract Infections
Antimicrobial Therapy
Drugs Commonly Used to Treat Urinary Tract Infections in Small Animals

Diuretics
Overview
Dosages of Diuretics

Urine Retention
Drugs Used to Treat Urinary Incontinence

Antibacterial
Agents
Penicillins
Pharmacokinetic Features
Elimination, Distribution, and Clearance of Penicillins

Special Clinical
Concerns
Dose Rates of Penicillins

Cephalosporins and Cephamycins

Overview
Drug Withdrawal and Milk Discard Times of Pencillins

Pharmacokinetic Features
Elimination, Distribution, and Clearance of Cephalosporins

Therapeutic Indications and Dose Rates

Dose Rates of Cephalosporins

Aminoglycosides
Overview
Drug Withdrawal and Milk Discard Times of Cephalosporins

Pharmacokinetic Features
Elimination, Distribution, and Clearance of Aminoglycosides

Special Clinical
Concerns
Dose Rates of Aminoglycosides
Dosage Modifications of Aminoglycosides in Renal Failure

Miscellaneous Aminocyclitol Antibiotics

Drug Withdrawal and Milk Discard Times of Aminoglycosides

Quinolones
General Properties
Classes of Quinolones

Special Clinical
Concerns
Dose Rates of Quinolones

Sulfonamides and Sulfonamide Combinations

Special Clinical
Concerns
Dose Rates of Sulfonamides
Drug Withdrawal and Milk Discard Times of Sulfonamides

Potentiated
Sulfonamides
Dose Rates of Potentiated Sulfonamides

Tetracyclines
Classes
Drug Withdrawal and Milk Discard Times of Potentiated Sulfonamides

Pharmacokinetic Features
Elimination, Distribution, and Clearance of Tetracyclines

Special Clinical
Concerns
Dose Rates of Tetracyclines

Chloramphenicol and Congeners

Overview
Drug Withdrawal and Milk Discard Times of Tetracyclines

Pharmacokinetic Features
Elimination and Distribution of Chloramphenicol and Florfenicol

Special Clinical
Concerns
Dose Rates of Chloramphenicol and Florfenicol

Macrolides
Special Clinical
Concerns

Dose Rates of Macrolides

Drug Withdrawal and Milk Discard Times of Macrolides

Lincosamides
Therapeutic Indications and Dose Rates
Dose Rates of Lincosamides

Antifungal Agents
Polyene Macrolide Antibiotics
Pharmacokinetic Features
Dose Rates of Polyene Macrolide Antibiotics

Imidazoles
Special Clinical
Concerns
Dose Rates of Imidazoles

Griseofulvin
Special Clinical
Concerns
Dose Rates of Griseofulvin

Antiviral Agents and Biologic Response

Modifiers
Pyrimidine Nucleosides
Dosage Rates of Antiviral Drugs

Anti-inflammatory
Agents
Chemical Mediators of Inflammation
Actions of Inflammatory Mediators

Corticosteroids
Relative Potencies of Commonly Used Corticosteroids

Antineoplastic Agents
Alkylating Agents
Mechanisms of Action, Indications, and Toxicities of Selected Antineoplastic Agents

Treatment of Canine Lymphoma

Chemotherapy Protocols for Treatment of Canine Lymphoma

Growth Promotants and Production Enhancers

Steroid Hormones
Natural Steroid Hormones for Consideration as Growth Promoters
Synthetic Steroid Hormones for Consideration as Growth Promoters

Antimicrobial Feed Additives

Antibacterial Growth Promoters for Potential Use in Livestock Production

Poultry

Bloodborne Organisms
Introduction
Characteristics of Protozoa Encountered in Avian Blood

Coccidiosis
Introduction
Drugs for Prevention of Coccidiosis in Poultry
Drugs for Treatment of Coccidiosis in Chickens

Avian Chlamydiosis
Introduction
Associations Between Avian Serotypes of C psittaci and Types of Birds

Helminthiasis
Introduction
Common Helminths of Poultry

Nutrition and Management: Poultry

Nutritional Requirements
Overview
Nutrient Requirements of Laying Hens at Different Feed Intakes
Nutrient Requirements of Growing Pullets
Nutrient Requirements of Broilers

Feeding and Management Practices

Vaccination Programs
Protein and Amino Acid Requirements of Turkeys

Management of Laying Chickens

Nutrient Requirements of Pheasants
Nutrient Requirements of Bobwhite Quail
Nutrient Requirements of Pekin Ducks
Nutrient Requirements of Geese
Linoleic Acid, Mineral, and Vitamin Requirements of Leghorn-type Chickens

Nutritional Deficiencies
Overview
Linoleic Acid, Mineral, and Vitamin Requirements of Turkeys

Protein and Amino Acid

Deficiencies
Vaccination Program for Broilers

Mineral Deficiencies
Calcium and Phosphorus Imbalances
Vaccination Program for Broiler Breeders
Vaccination Program for Commercial Layers
Vaccination Program for Turkeys
Vaccination Program for Duck Breeders
Vaccination Program for Commercial Ducklings

Minimum Space Requirements for White Leghorn Egg-strain Birds

Space Requirements for Meat-strain Birds

Toxicology
Herbicide Poisoning
Organic Herbicides
Herbicide Poisoning

Mycotoxicoses
Introduction
Mycotoxicoses in Domestic Animals

Plants Poisonous to Animals

Important Poisonous Plants of Australia
Poisonous Houseplants and Ornamentals
Poisonous Range Plants of Temperate North America
Important Poisonous Vascular Plants of Australia

Zoonoses
Zoonoses
Introduction
Global Zoonoses

Reference Guides
Reference Tables
Reference Tables
Rectal Temperatures
Heart Rates
Resting Respiratory Rates
Urine Volume and Specific Gravity
Temperature Equivalents and Conversions
Hematologic Reference Ranges
Serum Biochemical Reference Ranges
Table 8. Clinical Chemistry SI Conversion Factors
Table 9. Weight to Body Surface Area Conversion
Table 10. Metric System Prefixes and Symbols
Table 11. Weights and Measures Equivalents and Conversions
Table 12. Percentage, ppm, and ppb Conversions
Table 13. Milligram-milliequivalent Conversions and Atomic Weights