Set 6 (paper 3)

Question 1 Light
A student carried out an experiment to investigate the relationship between image
distance, d of the coin that is observed from the surface of the water and the real distance,
D of the coin as shown in diagram 1.1.

At the beginning of the experiment, water

with D=12cm is filled into the tall beaker. The image distance formed, d is shown in
diagram 1.2,
The experiment is repeated by adding the depth of water until D is 14cm, 16cm, 18cm
and 20cm. The image distance, d formed for each different depth used is as shown in
diagram 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6. (Diagram 1.2 until 1.6 is drawn to a scale of 1cm:2cm)

a) Based on the procedure and the explanation of the experiment, state

i)
manipulated variable (1 mark)
ii)
responding variable (1 mark)
iii)
constant variable (1 mark)
b) Measure the image distance, d that is formed in diagram 1.2.
Measure the image distance, d for each case in the experiment. Tabulate your
result for D and d. (7 marks)
c) Based on your table, draw a graph of d against D on the graph paper below.
Determine the gradient of the graph. What can u conclude from the graph that is
drawn? (start the D-axis with 10cm) (5 marks)

d) From your graph, state the relationship between D and d. (1 mark)

Answers :
a) i) Real depth
ii) Apparent depth
iii) Type of liquid/refractive index of liquid

b)

c)
d) D increases with d
Question 2 Force
A student carried out an experiment to investigate the relationship between force, F and
acceleration, a, for a trolley that is pulled downwards on a frictional compensated runway.
The student used different number of rubber bands and recorded each of the acceleration,
a. the student then plotted a graph of a against F as shown in diagram 2.1.

a) Based on the graph in diagram 2.1,

i)
What will happen when F increases? (1mark)
ii)
Determine the acceleration, a if F=0.0N (show on the graph how you
determine acceleration) (2 marks)
iii)
Name the condition of the trolley that represent the value in a(ii)
(1mark)
b) Calculate the gradient of graph. (3 marks)
c) By using the gradient obtain in (b) and the formula of F=kma, determine
the value k. The mass of a unit trolley is 0.5kg. (4 marks)
d) State a precaution step in the experiment. (1 mark)
Answers :
a) i) a increases
ii) 0

iii) At rest

b)

c)
d) The rubber bands have to be stretch at same length so that the pulling force is
constant.
Question 3 Pressure
Diagram 3.1 shows a reservoir and the cross-sectional area of the reservoir wall.

By using your knowledge about pressure;

a) Make a suitable inference (1 mark)
b) State a hypothesis that is suitable and can be investigate (1 mark)
c) Describe how you can design an experiment to test your hypothesis. Use the suitable
apparatus like tall tin, water and others. In your description, state clearly the following;
i) Aim of the experiment
ii) Variables involved in the experiment
iii)List of apparatus and materials
iv) Arrangement of apparatus
v) Procedure of the experiment, which includes the method of controlling the
manipulated variable and method of measuring the responding variable
vi) The way you tabulate the data.
vii) The way you analyze the data.
(10 marks)
Answers :
a) The wall of the reservoir thickens at the deeper depth.
b) The deeper the depth of water, the higher the pressure.
c) i) To investigate the relationship between the depth of water and its
pressure.
ii) Manipulated variable: Depth (distance of the hole from the tip of
the tall tin can)
Responding variable: Pressure (distance of the spurting water
formed)
Constant variable: Density of liquid
iii) Apparatus and materials: Tall tin that has 5 holes, glass tube,
plasticine, water

iv)
v)

Arrangement of apparatus:
Procedure:
Water is filled into the beaker until it is full. Distance of the hole A
from the edge of the tall tin is measured and recorded. Plasticine on
hole A is removed.
Distance of the water spurted is recorded.
The experiment is repeated by opening hole B, C, D and E
respectively. The distance between the hole and the edge of the tall tin
is recorded, the distance of water spurted out is also recorded.

vi)

vii)
Graph of x against h is plotted. It seems that the deeper the hole, the
further the distance of water spurt. The deeper the water, the higher the
pressure. Hypothesis is proven true.
Question 4 Wave
Diagram 4.1 shows the condition of the fortress at a harbour near the bay. The fortress
can be moved so that different size of gap can be obtained.

Observe the shape of the wave and size of the gap.

Based on the observation,
a) Make a suitable inference (1 mark)
b) State a hypothesis that is suitable and can be investigate (1 mark)
c) Describe how you can design an experiment to test your hypothesis. Use the suitable
apparatus like ripple tank, obstacles and others. In your description, state clearly the
following;
i) Aim of the experiment
ii) Variables involved in the experiment
iii)List of apparatus and materials
iv) Arrangement of apparatus
v) Procedure of the experiment, which includes the method of controlling the
manipulated variable and method of measuring the responding variable
vi) The way you tabulate the data.
vii) The way you analyze the data.
(10 marks)
Answers :
a) The size of the gap affect the shape of wave formed.
b) The smaller the gap, the clearer the diffraction of wave formed.
c) i) To investigate the relationship between the size of gap and the its effect on the
diffracted wave.
ii) Manipulated variable: Size of gap
Responding variable: effect on the diffracted wave
Constant variable: Wavelength
iii) Apparatus and materials: Ripple tank, obstacles, stroboscope

iv)
v)

Arrangement of apparatus:
Procedure: 2 obstacles are placed in the middle of the ripple tank to produce a
gap.
The vibrator is switched on. The shape and the wavelength of the wave is
observed with a stroboscope and recorded.
The experiment is repeated with increasing the size of the gap. The shape of

the gap and wavelength of the wave before and after passing through the gap
through the gap is observed.

vi)
vii)

From the table formed, it seems that the smaller the gap, the clearer the effect
on the diffracted wave. Hypothesis is accecpted.