TENSE OVERVIEW

A. THE PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE

Prezentul simplu se foloseste pentru a vorbi despre actiuni prezente, obisnuite, repetate actiuni zilnice
S +VI
- la persoana a-III-a singular (he, she, it) se adaug terminaia s sau es .
I drink a cup of milk every morning.
She drinks a cup of tea every morning.
- terminaia es se adaug la sfritul verbelor terminate in: -o, -ch, -th, -sh, -ss, -z.
She goes to school from Monday to Friday.
- Forma interogativa: DO/DOES(III.sing) + V
Do you play tennis?
Does she play the guitar?
- Forma negativa: S+ DO/DOES + NOT + V
do + not = dont
does + not = doesnt
No, I dont play tennis.
She doesnt play the guitar.

THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Prezentul continuu se folosete pentru a vorbi despre aciuni prezente care sunt in desfurare in momentul
vorbirii. Nu mai vorbim despre aciunile obinuite, repetate exprimate de prezentul simplu.
S + TO BE(PREZENT) + V-ing.
- TO BE: am, are, is
She is reading a book now.
- Forma interogativa: TO BE + S + V-ing
Is he playing tennis?
- Forma negativa: S + TO BE + NOT + V-ing
is not = isnt
are not = arent
No, he isnt playing tennis.
Se folosete, de obicei, cu expresii ca now, at this moment, as we speak, ....
She is reading a book now. Ea citete o carte acum.

B. THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Folosim trecutul simplu pentru a vorbi despre aciuni ncepute i terminate n trecut.
Yesterday I met my friend Jack.
Pentru a exprima o aciune repetat n trecut.
Grandma drank three cups of coffee a day.
Dup verbele sau construciile wish, as if/as though, if only, would rather, its (high) time.
I wish I were on holiday now.
Forma afirmativ:
S + VII
I danced at the party yesterday.
Forma interogativ:
Did + S + VI ?
Did Mary tell her father about the party last week?
Forma negativ:
S + did not + VI.
Mother did not buy those trousers last month.

THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

Aciuni care erau n desfurare la un moment dat din trecut.

I was taking a shower when you came in.
Aciuni paralele n trecut
Sue was peeling potatoes while Andy was cooking the fish.
Aciuni progresive care sunt n desfurare de-a lungul unei perioade de timp specificate din trecut.
She was shopping between 3 oclock anf four.
Forma afirmativ:
S + was/were + V-ing.
I was dancing when he came in.
Forma interogativ:
Was/Were + S + V-ing ?
Was Mary doing her homework when you arrived?
Forma negativ:
S + was/were not + V-ing.
Mother was not playing cards.

C. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

Prezentul prefect simplu arat aciunea nceput n trecut i care fie mai continu n prezent, fie influeneaz
momentul prezent. Accentul este pus pe rezultat.
Formele
I / you / we / they
he / she / it

Afirmativ
I have spoken.
He has spoken.

Negativ
I have not spoken.
He has not spoken.

Excepii la adugarea terminaiei ed

Exceptions in spelling when adding ed
Dup e final se adaug doar i
Consoana final, dup vocal accentuat, scurt, precum i l
final se dubleaz
y final dup consoan devine i

Interogativ
Have I spoken?
Has he spoken?
Example
love loved
admit admitted
travel travelled
hurry hurried

Folosirea

Pune accent pe rezultat:

Exemplu: She has written five letters.

Aciune care nc se desfoar:

Exemplu: School has not started yet.

Aciune ncheiat recent:

Exemplu: She has cooked dinner.

Aciune ncheiat ce influeneaz momentul prezent:

Exemplu: I have lost my key.

Aciune ce nu a mai avut loc nainte de momentul vorbirii sau care s-a ntmplat o dat sau de mai multe ori:
Exemplu: I have never been to Australia.

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Arat o aciune nceput n trecut i care fie s-a terminat recent, fie mai continu. Pune accent pe durata aciunii.
Formele
Afirmativ
Negativ
Interogativ
I / you / we / they I have been speaking. I have not been speaking. Have I been speaking?
he / she / it
He has been speaking. He has not been speaking. Has he been speaking?
Excepii de ortografiere
Excepii la adugarea terminaiei -ing
Exemplu
e-ul
final
dispare come

coming
(dar: ee nu este schimbat)
(dar: agree agreeing)
Dup o vocal scurt, accentuat, se dubleaz consoana final sit sitting
Consoana final l este dublat dup o vocal (n British English) travel travelling
ie final devine y

lie lying

Folosirea Prezentului Perfect Continuu

Pune accent pe durata nu pe rezultatul aciunii:

Exemplu: She has been writing for two hours.

Aciune recent ncheiat sau care nc mai dureaz:

Exemplu: I have been living here since 2001.

D. PAST PERFECT
[had + past participle]
Exemple:

You had studied English before you moved to New York.

Had you studied English before you moved to New York?

You had not studied English before you moved to New York.

Aciuni ncepute i terminate naintea altor aciuni trecute

Trecutul perfect arat c o aciune trecut a avut loc naintea altei aciuni trecute. De asemenea poate arta c un
anumit lucru a avut loc naintea unui moment dat din trecut.
Exemple:

I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.

I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.

Tony knew Istanbul so well because he had visited the city several times.

Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand?

She only understood the movie because she had read the book.

Kristine had never been to an opera before last night.

We were not able to get a hotel room because we had not booked in advance.

A:
Had
you
ever
visited
B: Yes, I had been to the U.S. once before.

the

U.S.

before

your

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

[had been + present participle]
Exemple:

You had been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived.
Had you been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived?
5

trip

in

2006?

You had not been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived.

USE 1 Duration Before Something in the Past

Folosim trecutul perfect continuu pentru a arta c un lucru a nceput n trecut i continuat pn la un moment dat din
trecut. Putem folosi expresiile "For five minutes" and "for two weeks".
Exemple:

They had been talking for over an hour before Tony arrived.
She had been working at that company for three years when it went out of business.

How long had you been waiting to get on the bus?

Mike wanted to sit down because he had been standing all day at work.

James had been teaching at the university for more than a year before he left for Asia.

A: How long had you been studying

B: I had not been studying Turkish very long.

Turkish

before

you

moved

to

Ankara?

E. FUTURE TENSES
1.a FUTURE SIMPLE
(will and be going to)
Viitorul simplu are 2 forme n limba englez: will i be going to. Cu toate c aceste dou forme se pot substitui una
pe alta ele au utilizri diferite.

Form Will
(+) S + will + V1
You will help him later.

(?) Will + S + V1?

(-) S + will not + V1

Will you help him later?

You will not help him later.

Form Be Going To
(+) S + am/is/are + going to + V1 (?) am/are/is + S + going to + V1
You are going to meet Jane tonight.

(-) S + am/are/is/ + not + going to + V1

Are you going to meet Jane tonight?

You are not going to meet Jane tonight.

WILL se folosete pentrua vorbi despre:

ceea ce vorbitorul face n mod voluntar

aciuni stabilite din viitor

promisiuni

I will send you the information when I get it.

I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
Don't worry, I'll be careful.
I won't tell anyone your secret.

BE GOING TO - se folosete pentru a vorbi despre planuri i intenia vorbitorului de a face un lucru.
He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii.
She is not going to spend her vacation in Hawaii.

1.b FUTURE CONTINUOUS

Form:
(+) S + will be + V-ing
(?) Will + S + be + V-ing
You will be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.
7

(-) S + will + not + be + V-ing

 Will you be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight?
You will not be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.

1. Aciune n desfurare la un moment dat din viitor

We will be writing at this time tomorrow.

2. Aciune ntrerupt din viitor - o aciune de durat din viitor va fi ntrerupt de una mai scurt.
I will be watching TV when she arrives tonight.
I will be waiting for you when your bus arrives.

3. Aciuni paralele din viitor

Tonight, they will be eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time.
4. Atmosfer din viitor
When I arrive at the party, everybody is going to be celebrating. Some will be dancing. Others are
going to be talking. A few people will be eating pizza, and several people are going to be drinking
beer. They always do the same thing.

2. FUTURE PERFECT
Form:
(+) S + will have + V3
(?) Will + S + have + V3?
(-) S + will + not + have + V3
You will have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.
Will you have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.?
You will not have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.

Aciune viitoare terminat naintea unei alte aciuni viitoare:

By next November, I will have received my promotion.

By the time I finish this course, I will have taken ten tests.

IMPORTANT! - NU SE FOLOSETE VIITOR N PROPOZIIA SUBORDONAT TEMPORAL.

PRESENT SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS

PRESENT SIMPLE
1. Write the HE/SHE/IT forms
catch

read

come

run

cook

smoke

drink

stand

fetch

start

fix

touch

live

watch

miss

wish

rush

write

buy

carry

copy

enjoy

fry

marry

play

study

try

2. Write the verb in the right form

1. Children ................................ (ask) a lot of questions.
2. She .................................. (go) to college on her bike.
3. A lot of birds .............................. (fly) south in the winter.
4. She ..................................... (study) very hard at the weekends.
5. My father .............................. (watch) television most evenings.
6. He ................................... (understand) Arabic.
7. He ........................................ (fight) with his brother.
8. Big dogs............................ (like) a lot of exercise.
9. Hes very naughty he ............................ (push) other children.
10. Lessons ................................. (start) at 8.35 every morning.
3. Choose one verb to make each sentence negative
e.g. It doesnt snow very often in San Francisco (snow, sing, play)
1. I like football, but I ............................................ cricket at all. (think, like, remember)
2. She lives in Japan, but she ...................................... a word of Japanese (sing, work, speak)
3. Im sorry I ................................. your name. (eat, remember, work)
4. He works in New York, but I .................................... what he does. (know, use, come)
5. Marys really tired, but she ...................................... to go to bed. (help, want, walk)
6. We .......................................... a big flat just one bedroom. (work, play, want)
7. Phil ..................................... very hard, but he makes a lot of money. (work, stand, stop)
8. Anns parents ................................... Im the right man for their daughter. (write, read, think)
4. a) Make questions
10. What time / the train / arrive?
1. How / you pronounce / this word?
b) Make questions.
2. How / you spell / that?
1. She / live / with her parents?
3. What / this word / mean?
2. You / like / your new job?
4. How much / they cost?
3. I /speak / good Italian?
5. Where / you live?
4. They /work / hard / at university?
6. What / you do?
5. We /usually give/ her a birthday
7. How / you do?
present?
8. What time / the plane / leave?
6. Your sister / help / you / very much?
9. What time/ the class / start?
7. Alan /smoke?

PRESENT CONTINUOUS
9

1. Write the ING FORM of these verbs.

Break
clean

wash

live

Come

die

enjoy

go

Make

play

sing

jump

Write

start

get

feel

Begin

put

hit

rain

Rob

shop

dream

sleep

Shout

sit

stand

talk

Turn

open

visit

forget

2. Fill in the blanks with the verbs in the present continuous tense
1. John and I ...................................... (stay) in a beautiful hotel.
2. Kevin .......................................... (work) at home today.
3. I ...................................... (wait) for a very important letter.
4. You ...................................... (walk) too fast.
5. We ........................................... (plan) our next holiday.
6. The girls ............................................ (visit) their grandmother today.
7. She ....................................... (read) in her bedroom at the moment.
8. The baby ...................................... (learn) how to walk.
3. Rewrite the sentences in the negative. Use the present continuous
1. They .......................................... (buy) a new car.
2. He ............................................... (learn) to read.
3. I .................................................. ( look) for your keys.
4. We ............................................... (sell) the house.
5. They ........................................ (drink) tea.
6. You ....................................... (work) very hard.
7. Jack and Jill ....................................... (run) downhill.
8. I ....................................... (go) home now.
4. A) Write the questions. Use the present
b) Make questions. Write the short answer
continuous
1. It / rain?
1. What /Jessica / do?
2. You / learn / French / at school?
2. Why / John and Patrick / laugh?
3. I /speak / clearly?
3. What book / you / read?
4. Angela and Fred / dance / together?
4. What / we / watch?
5. The plane / land/ now?
5. Where / they / stay?
6. The Smiths / plan / a party?
6. Why / we / sit in the dark?
7. The children / study / in their bedroon?
7. Where / they / wait?
8. Chris / wave/ at us?
8. What / you / sell?

10

11

FOLLOW UP
PRESENT TENSES
I. Completai cu forma cea mai potrivit a verbului din paranteze, folosind prezentul continuu sau
prezentul simplu:
Jack is a teacher. He teaches (teach) at a University. He isnt teaching (not teach) at the moment, he is on
holiday. He is reading (read) a newspaper on the beach.
Emma and Ben are brother and sister. Emma . (love) Ben and Ben . (love) Emma. They
usually . (play) together, but today Emma . (help) her mother to make a cake. Its Bens birthday and he
.. (have) a party. His father . (prepare) the decorations and the games because Ben .. (like) to
have fun and games at his parties. Ben usually . (invite) ten friends, but only nine . (come) today. Henry
. (not come), he .. (not feel) well, he has a cold. He often . (catch) a cold in winter.
II. Tradu n limba englez folosind prezentul simplu sau continuu dup caz:
1. M ntreb de ce nici bieelul nici fetia nu dorm la aceast or. De obicei ei deja dorm la aceast or.
2. Copacii nfloresc aa c grdinile au un miros plcut.
3. Mereu mi d telefon i mi pune ntrebri stupide.
4. M bucur c i place cadoul meu.
5. Copii par foarte obosii n aceast diminea.
6. Tata se scoal foarte devreme, dar se brbierete, se spal i i ia micul dejun aa de ncet nct nu auzim
nimic.

B
I.

Put each verb in brackets into either the present simple or the present
continuous.

Dear Aunt Jean,

I ....................(just write )to tell you how much I enjoy the money you sent me, and to tell you how
I........................( get on )in my first term at university. Actually, I............................... (really enjoy)
myself! I.......................... (study) quite hard as well, but at the moment I.................................(spend) a lot
of time just making friends. I...................... (still stay) with my friend Sue, and I.......................( look for)
somewhere of my own to live. Only a few of the first-year students.................. (live) in college here, and
I............................(seem) to be spending a lot of time travelling backwards and forwards. I.......................
(go) to lectures every morning, and most afternoons I....................(study) in the library. In fact I ...............
(write) this letter instead of an essay on Hamlet! I........................ (think) Ill buy some new clothes with
the money you sent. Everything ......................(cost) a lot here, and I.......................(save) to buy a winter
coat. It...........................(get) really cold here in the evenings. I now........................(know) some other
students and generally speaking we......................(have) quite a good time socially! I................(also learn)
to drive. See you soon.
Katherine.
II. Verbs forms and use: Complete the sentences with the correct verb forms of
present simple or continuous.
1. Where.......................these days? In a garage (she / work)
2. ..................................here in summer? Not very often. (it / rain )
3. Bonjour. Sorry, I........................................ French. ( not / speak )
4. Your English.........................................better. Oh, thank you (get)
5. ...........................................................golf? Yes, but not very well (you/play)
6. Who.........................................to ? My boyfriend (you / write)
7. Wheres Susan?................................ now (she / come )
8. Well, goodnight....................................to bed. (I / go)
12

9. Water..................................................... at 100C. ( boil)

10. ..............................................................? not yet (that water / boil)
III.. .Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box.
perform repair (2x) care serve help sell treat build deliver fly play
design (2x) teach fight cure administrate
abcdefg-

An architect houses.
Builders and repair houses.
A car mechanic cars.
Dentists peoples teeth.
A teacher lessons to his/her students.
Factory workers manual or industrial labor.
An engineer or services machines.

h- A DJ music at parties or discos.

i- Firefighters fires.
jklm-

A lawyer people with legal problems.

A nurse for the sick or disabled.
Sales assistants things in a shop.
Doctorssick people.

n- A pilot planes.
o- A postman letters and packages.
p- Executives a project, activity or
business.
q- Waiters food in restaurants.
r- A web designer web pages.
IV. Complete the conversations. Use the Present Continuous of the verbs in
brackets.
a- A: (Donna/speak) Italian to that man?
B: Yes, she She (learn) it at night
school.
b- A: (you/enjoy) the party?
B: Yes, we We (have) a great time.
c- A: (you/do) here?
B: I (wait) for some friends.
d- A: (Holly/use) her computer?
B: No, she She (not do) any work
today.
e- A: (they/watch) the news at the moment?
B: No, they They (prepare)
dinner.

13

PAST TENSE
I. Write the following sentences in the Past Tense.
Example: The dog (chase) the cat.
The dog chased the cat.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

The dog (chase) the cat.

The cat (climb) the tree quickly.
The dog (start) to bark.
I (want) to chase the dog away.
The dogs owner (arrive) and (walk) away with it.
The cat (look) happy.
II. Write the sentences in the negative.
Example: Jane cleaned her room yesterday.
Jane didnt clean her room yesterday.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Father watched TV last night.

The teacher talked about Robinson Crusoe last week.
I wanted to read the book.
The reporter asked the film star a lot of questions.
I walked to my friends house two days ago.
III. Write the sentences in ex. III in the interrogative.
Example: Jane cleaned her room yesterday.
Did Jane clean her room yesterday?
IV. Put the verbs in the simple past and translate the texts.
a) When I (come) home, I (find) that the family had finished dinner. I (sit) down and (eat) mine,
which (be) still on the table. I had only just begun when the door-bell (ring). It (be) a friend of mine. I (tell) him to wait
until I (finish) eating. My mother (ask) him whether he (like) a cup of coffee. He (say) he would rather read until I (be)
ready.
b) One day while I (sit) in a caf, a man (come) over to my table and (ask) if he may sit down for a
few minutes. After we (speak) for some time, we (find) out that we once had met in Europe. He said, "I (arrive) here
two weeks ago and I (not make) up my mind whether or not to stay here." " If I (be) you," I said, "I would learn the
language as quickly as I (can) and then make a tour of the country. It would be easier then to make up your mind."
V. Change the verbs in brackets into the past simple.
0
I (finish) finished my book last week.
1
A plane (fly) ________________ over our house.
2
Peter (have) ________________ a sandwich for lunch.
3
The bus (arrive) ________________ two hours late.
4
My sister (make) ________________ a big cake for my birthday.
5
John always (wear) ________________ a uniform to school.
6
Kevin (run) ________________ to school, yesterday.
7
It (begin) ________________ to rain.
8
We (play) ________________ football for hours.
9
My family (go) ________________ to Portugal for a holiday.
10
We (jump) ________________ into the swimming pool.
VI. Write statements, negative sentences or questions with used to.
0
you/have/brown hair (question) Did you use to have brown hair?
1
people/use/the computer (negative) ___________________________________
2
he/go/running (statement) ___________________________________________
14

3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

they/like/painting (question) _________________________________________

your brother/come/by bus (statement) __________________________________
we/drink/coffee (negative) __________________________________________
my mother/speak/Spanish (negative) __________________________________
he/live/in Paris (statement) __________________________________________
Julie/play/football (question) ________________________________________
houses/have/bathrooms indoors (negative) ______________________________
all children/go/to school (question) ____________________________________
VII. Choose the best reply (A-I) for the questions (0-8).
Do you know where the theatre is? E
A
Thats a good idea.
What does you boyfriend look like?
B
Its interesting, but very noisy.
Whats New York like?
C
Its near the theatre.
Could you tell me the time, please?
D
Its nearly four oclock.
Can I help you?
E
Yes. Its next to the post office.
Do you mind if I sit here?
F
No thanks, I can do it.
Would you like some cake.
G
Yes, please.
Lets go for some tea.
H
Hes tall, dark and handsome.
Wheres the bus station?
I
No, not at all.
IX. Translate into English.
1. Am cunoscut-o pe verioara ta n 1988.
2. Cnd Pater era tnr, alerga timp de o jumtate de or n fiecare diminea.
3. Cnd l-ai vzut ultima dat?
4. Am neles atunci ct de mult i iubea fratele.
5. Era timpul ca ei s cunoasc adevrul.
6. A fi de prere s te duci acolo ct mai curnd posibil.
7. Mary recit poezii ca i cnd ar fi o mare artist.
8. Ce ora ai vizitat anul trecut?
9. De-a ti adresa lui acum.
10. A dori s nelegei situaia aceasta.

PRACTICE I
SIMPLE & CONTINUOUS PAST
I. Put the verbs in parentheses into the Past Simple or the Past Continuous and translate
(Scrie verbul din paranteze la trecut simplu sau continuu i tradu):
1. The ship (approach) _______________ Cape Town when the tornado (begin) _______________ .
2. The bomb (go) _______________ off when the president (give) _______________ a speech.
3. He (not hear) ________________ the bell because the radio (play) _______________ .
4. When I (get) ________________ home everybody (dance) _______________ .
5. The plane (catch) _______________ fire when it (take) ________________ of.
6. Tim (crash) _______________ into a street light because he (drive) _______________ too fast.
II. Turn the following into the interrogative and negative (Transform urmtoarele propoziii
n propoziii interogative i negative):
1. The children were laughing. 2. The man was waiting. 3. I was translating the text. 4. You were looking at
the picture. 5. The girl was coming home. 6. I was learning a poem. 7. The boys were drawing red cars. 8.
Mother was making the bed. 9. You were leaving the office. 10. We were buying fresh fruit.
III. Translate into English (Tradu n limba englez):
1. Cnd am plecat de la poliie John i soia lui nc mai vorbeau cu un poliist.
2. Ce se ntmpla n casa ta cnd am trecut pe la tine ieri sear? Am sunat la u dar nu mi-a
rspuns nimeni, dei se auzea muzic nuntru.
15

3. I-am pus aceast ntrebare de cteva ori, dar el nu m-a auzit fiindc citea ziarul.
4. Eu nc dormeam cnd a venit stewardesa s ne spunem c trecem peste Himalaya.
5. Nu ne-am dus la teatru ieri deoarece nite prieteni de-ai notri veneau pe la ora apte.
IV. Change the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous (Schimb
timpul verbelor din paranteze n trecut simplu sau continuu):
0
For dinner, my sister (eat) ate pizza, but I (have) had soup.
1
My brother (drink) ________________ coffee while he (do) ________________ his homework.
2
He (walk) ________________ into the classroom, then he (sit) ________________ down.
3
While I (study) ________________ , Sue (run) ________________ into the library.
4
When the class (finish) ________________ , the teacher (drive) ________________ home.
5
Harry (sing) _______________ a song when Jane (come) _______________ in.
6
Nothing happened when I (turn on) ________________ the DVD player.
7
It (start) ________________ to rain while I (walk) ________________ to the park.
8
Yuki (listen) ________________ to the radio when the phone (ring) ________________ .
9
The children (go) ________________ the cinema last night.
10
Mr. Jones (find) ________________ some money when he (clean) ________________ the
cupboards.
V. Read the paragraph. Choose the best tense for each space. Translate. (Citete paragraful.
Alege cel mai bun timp pentru fiecare spaiu. Tradu):
My grandfather (0) C to the same school as me. He (1) ______ to our school last week to talk to the class
about what it (2) ______ like in the old days. He (3) ______ he (4)______ the names of all his teachers.
One of them still teaches at the school.
He (5) ______ art and music, but now he only teaches music. As he (6) ______ , he
(7) ______ us pictures of his school friends. He (8) ______ us that the boys
(9) ______ only football, but now we play basketball as well. He thinks things
(10) ______ better in the old days.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

A goes
A comes
A was being
A said
A remembered
A is teaching
A talks
A is showing
A told
A play
A are

B was going
B came
B is
B says
B remembers
B used to teach
B is talking
B showed
B is telling
B were playing
B were

C used to go
C was coming
C was
C was saying
C was remembering
C teaches
C was talking
C was showing
C tells
C used to play
C used to

~ focus on simple past ~

A FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE PAST SIMPLE OF THE VERBS IN BRACKETS:
When I ___________ (be) in Japan I ___________ (find) everything very different.
Two years ago my parents _________ (buy) a new car.
Last summer Peter ________ (spend) his holidays in a summer camp with his friends.
They _________ (go) swimming, they _________ (play) football and golf they _______
(visit) many interesting places.
My sister ________ (get) a good job in a bank.
Susan and her cousins ___________ (come) to Portugal ten years ago.
16

B COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE PAST SIMPLE (AFFIRMATIVE /

NEGATIVE / INTERROGATIVE) OF THE VERBS IN BRACKETS:
My sister and her husband _________ (come) from Greece.
I __________ (not like) the U2 concert.
My cousin __________ (phone) from France yesterday evening.
On Monday Johann ___________ (go) to school on foot.
(they / leave) ___________ the country last Saturday?
(you / like) _____________ the film?
They _________ (not finish) the homework yesterday.
(she / go) _____________ to the cinema with her parents last night?
No, she didnt. She ___________ (stay) at home. She __________ (get) a cold.
We _________ (go) to Spain by car.
I _____________ (have) a wonderful holiday with my family last July.
(you / travel) _________ to Madrid by car or by plane?
Many years ago it __________ (be) very difficult to live without electricity.
Last year they _______ (buy) a house at the seaside.
I __________ (meet) him the day before yesterday.
C CHOOSE THE BEST OPTION FOR EACH OF THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES:
Mrs. Harris __________ the last train.
a) Take
b) took
c) did take
There ________ many people here last night.
a) Was
b)were
c) wasnt
He _________ at home with me yesterday evening.
a) Were
b) was
c) be
She ___________with her family on holidays.
a) Go
b) did go c) went
He ___________ some books and CDs.
a) Brought
b) bought c) did buy
They __________ their passports at home.
a) Leave
b) did leave c) left
She ________some interesting photos.
a) Take
b)taken
c) took
It __________ a good present.
a) Were
b) was
c) is
___________ (she /arrive) home at 5:30?
a) Did she arrived b) did she arrive c) arrived

17

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

A) Fill in the blanks with a verb in the SIMPLE PAST:
1. She .. a cake an hour ago.
2. She .. a hat last week.
3. The boy .. a letter yesterday.
4. They . in the sea for an hour.
5. They .. a lot of Coke last night.
6. She her arm last week.
7. He . all his money last week.
8. She a bath two minutes ago.
9. He . his wallet last night.
10. She .. on the old chair a minute ago.
11. She .. the clothes yesterday.
B) Fill in the blanks with the SIMPLE PAST of the verbs in brackets:
Last Saturday my father . took. (take) my friends and me to the circus. We (see)
lots of things. My father . (buy) us some popcorn and orange juice. We
. (eat) the popcorn and (drink) the orange juice.
We .. (laugh) at the funny clowns. There . (be) a lion-tamer.
The lions (do) tricks; they (jump) through hoops.
A girl . (ride) an elephant around the ring. We all (have)
a wonderful time.
C) Write what Jean DID or DIDNT do yesterday:
go shopping ( - ) Jean didnt go shopping yesterday. .
clean the house ( + )
feed the cat ( + ) .
telephone Mary ( - )
watch a film on TV ( - )
visit her grandparents ( + )
take them a cake ( + )
D) Read the following story:
Bob is a young sailor. He lives in England, but he is often away with his ship.
One summer he comes back from a long voyage and finds new neighbors near his mothers
house. They have a pretty daughter, and Bob soon loves her and he wants to marry her when he
comes back. Bob promises the girl to send a present from every port.
Bobs first port is Capetown in Africa, and he sends the girl a parrot from there. The parrot
speaks three languages. When Bobs ship reaches Australia, a letter comes from the girl. The
letter says, Thank you for the parrot, Bob. It tasted much better than a chicken.
a) Write the story again. Use THE SIMPLE PAST:
Bob was a young sailor. He lived in England, but he was often away with his ship.

b) Answer the questions about the story:

1. What was Bob?
18

He was a young sailor.

2. What change did he find when he was back home?
..
3. How was their daughter?
..
4. How did Bob feel about the girl?
..
5. What did Bob tell the girl?
..
6. What did Bob send the girl from Capetown?
.
7. Where is Capetown?
.
8. How many languages did the parrot speak?

9. What did the girl do with the parrot?

SIMPLE PAST AND PAST CONTINUOUS

A) Fill in the blanks with a correct form of PAST CONTINUOUS:
1. Alice hurt herself while she . (skate).
2. I met my neighbor while I . (walk) home from work.
3. Sally saw a friend while she .. (ride) her bicycle along Park St.
4. Peter fell asleep while he (study).
5. Bob stepped on Janes feet while they .. (dance) together.
6. I cut myself while I . (shave).
7. Mr. and Mrs. Brown burned themselves while they ... (bake)
cookies.
8. Tommy had a nightmare while he .. (sleep) at a friends house.
B) How did it happen?
1. How did Alice hurt herself? (play soccer)
. She hurt herself while she was playing soccer. .
2. How did Martin burn himself? (iron his clothes)

3. How did Helen cut herself? (slice onions)

4. How did Jennifer meet her husband? (fix a flat tire)

5. How did Marvin break his arm? (skate)

6. How did you lose your wallet? (ride my bicycle)

7. How did Jeff meet his wife? (swim at the beach)

8. How did Bob get a black eye? (fight with his brother)

9. How did your children burn themselves? (make breakfast)

10. How did Martha fall? (dance)

19


C) Complete the sentences with the words in parentheses using the SIMPLE PAST or
the PAST PROGRESSIVE:
1. Sally (eat) dinner last night when someone ..
(knock) on the door.
2. I began to study at seven last night. Fred (come) at seven thirty.
I (study) when Fred .. (come).
3. While I . (study) last night, Fred
(drop by) to visit me.
4. My roommates parents . (call) him last night while we
.. (watch) TV.
5. My mother called me around five. My husband came home a little after five. When he
.. (come) home, I .. (talk) to
my mother on the phone.
6. Yesterday Tom and Janice (go) to the zoo around one. They
(see) many kinds of animals. They stayed at the zoo for two
hours. While they (walk) home, it ... (begin)
to rain, so they .. (stop) at a small cafe and
(have) a cup of coffee.
7. Yesterday afternoon I (go) to visit the Parker family. When I
.. (get) there around two oclock, Mrs. Parker .. (be)
in the yard. She (plant) flowers in her garden. Mr. Parker
.. (be) in the garage. He .. (work) on
their car. He .. (change) the oil.

20

PRESENT PERFECT
A) Write a suitable sentence using the PRESENT PERFECT TENSE :
1. Anns hair was dirty. Now its clean. (wash) ... Ann has washed her hair
2. Tom was 80 kg. Now hes 70. (lose weight) ..
3. Bill played football yesterday. Now he cant walk; his leg is in plaster. (break)
4. My sister is looking for her pen. (lose)
5. Mary is on holiday in France. (go) ..
6. Mr. Hill was in Canada last week. Hes back in London now. (be)
7. Look! Mrs. Smith has got a lot of packages. (buy) .
8. I cant eat anything now. (eat too much) .
9. Mrs. Jenkins is very tired. (clean / house)
10. Tony needs a holiday. (work / hard / this year)
B) Use PRESENT PERFECT TENSE after BECAUSE:
Example: She cant go to the party. (catch a cold)
She cant go to the party because she has caught a cold.
1. He cant walk very fast. (hurt / leg)

2. I cant get in. (lose / key)

3. I know this story very well. (see the film)

4. I cant post the letter. (not put / stamp / on it)

5. He cant stand up. (eat too much)

6. They cant go on holiday. (not save / money)

7. I know him. (meet him before)

8. We dont know how he is. (not hear from him)

9. He wont take a cigarette. (give up smoking)

10. She cant get in. (he / lock the door)

C) Follow the example and do the same using ALREADY:

Example: Bring the milk in, please.
- I have ALREADY brought it in.
1. You must find the tickets soon. ...
2. Turn the radio down, please.
3. Tidy your room. ..
4. Could you post the letters, please?
5. Why dont you see a doctor? ...
6. You have a bad cough. I think you should stop smoking.
7. Why dont you clean your shoes? ..
8. Brush your teeth, will you? ..
9. We have guests today. Shall we make a cake?
21

10. We should invite Mary to the party.

D) Follow the example and do the same using YET:
Example: She has been in the shop. (buy anything)
- She has been in the shop but she hasnt bought anything YET.
1. Ive written to them three times. (not reply)
...
2. Ive asked you again and again. (not do it)
...
3. I lent him $10 last month. (not give it back)
...
4. He lost his pen a week ago. (not find it)
...
5. He borrowed my book last year. (not give it back)
...
6. She went to New York six months ago. (not return it)
...
7. She gave me $2 a week ago. (not return it)
...
8. I finished reading my library books a long time ago. (not change them)
...
9. She went to the bus-stop half an hour ago. (the bus / not come)
...
10. Hes still studying that lesson. (not learn it)
...
D) Fill in the blanks with ALREADY or YET:
1. He hasnt called us .
2. They have sent the letter.
3. John has bought the tickets for the football match.
4. We have .. been to Mexico three times.
5. You havent visited Tokyo .
6. Has John bought a new car .. ?
7. The plane has left.
8. Has she done it .. ? No, not . .
9. A: Havent they arrived . ?
B: Oh, yes. They have arrived.
10. Hurry up! The class has started.
11. Be careful! They have painted the door.
12. Havent you read the book . ?
E) Put the verbs in the correct tense. Use the SIMPLE PAST or the PRESENT PERFECT:
1. .. Tim . (finish) his work yet?
2. .. he (finish) it yesterday?
3. They . (just / go) out.
4. They (go) out a minute ago.
5. Ann . (study) yesterday afternoon?
6. you . (send) the letters yet?
7. she .. (call) him a week ago?
8. They . (not / see) the film yet.
9. The train (just / arrive).
22

10. . you . (ever / be) in a TV studio?

11. you and Tom (enjoy) the party last night?
12. you . (not / finish) school last year?
13. I . (lose) my dictionary. I cant find it anywhere.
14. His hair looks short. He .. (have) a haircut.
15. When . (he / give up) smoking?
16. Jane .. (buy) her car two weeks ago.
17. My bicycle isnt here. Somebody . (take) it.
18. Why (Jim / not want) to play tennis last Friday?
19. The car looks clean. .. you .. (wash) it?
20. When we were on holiday, the weather (be) terrible.
F
) Rewrite the following sentences twice, using SINCE and FOR:
Example: I havent seen you. (Christmas / 3 days)
a) I havent seen you SINCE Christmas.
b) I havent seen you FOR 3 days.
1. Weve been here. (an hour / 4 oclock)
a)
b)
2. She hasnt spoken to me. (2 weeks / last week)
a)
b)
3. Theyve lived in this street. (1970 / a long time)
a)
b)
4. I havent had time to do it. (last Monday / a few days)
a)
b)
5. We havent bought a new one. (ages / many years)
a)
b) __

23

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE & CONTINUOUS

A) Use PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE to fill in the blanks:
1. Im tired, because I have been working . (work) very hard.
2. He (write) letters all morning.
3. Catherina is getting fatter because she (eat) too much.
4. My mother .. (peel) the potatoes all afternoon.
5. Cathy (attend) a cookery course since March.
6. How long you .. (learn) English?
7. Where are my eye-glasses? I .. (look) for them
for an hour.
8. Charles . (escape) from the police for years.
9. How long you (use) a computer?
10. Elizabeth .. (live) with Mike for three years.
11. She . (earn) quite a lot of money for the last
two years.
12. It . (rain) for six hours.
B) Use PRESENT PERFECT TENSE or PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
to fill in the blanks:
1. Ive bought / have been buying a new pair of shoes.
2. Have you finished / Have you been finishing reading that book yet?
3. Theyve eaten / have been eating fruit all afternoon, ever since they came from school.
4. Ive been reading / have read this book now, so you can have it back.
5. Ive been writing / have written eight pages already.
6. Your exam paper is completely blank! What have you been doing / have you done?
7. Oh, no! Theres nothing to eat. My sister has been eating / has eaten everything I left in
the kitchen.
8. Oh, no! Theres no wine to drink. They have drunk / have been drinking all the wine.
9. No wonder your eyes hurt. Youve been playing / have played computer games ever since
you had your breakfast.
10. I havent seen / havent been seeing you for ages.
11. God! Hakan has scored / has been scoring.
12. They have danced / have been dancing for an hour.
13. I have been waiting / have waited for you for ages.
14. Ive finished / ve been finishing my work.
15. Ive been writing / have written this letter for an hour.
16. He has visited / has been visiting ten museums this week.
17. Im very tired. Because I have travelled / have been travelling around Istanbul all day.
18. She has found / has been finding a good job.
19. Im hot because I have been running / have run.
20. I have written / have been writing letters for weeks.

SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

PRESENT PERFECT vs. PRESENT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
A) Use THE SIMPLE PAST or THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE to fill in the blanks:
1. What (you / learn) since you .
(come) here? How many friends . (you / make)? I
hope you ... (already / meet) a lot of interesting people.
24

2. Last night my roommate and I .. (have) some free time, so we

.. (go) to a show.
3. I .. (just / have) lunch, but I
(not / have) lunch yesterday.
4. Who . (write) the play Hamlet?
5. How many games (the team / win) so far this season?
6. I dont know Carols husband. I . (never / meet) him.
7. It (rain) a lot last week, but it
(not / rain) much so far this week.
8. How many letters .. (you / write) since the beginning
of the month?
9. When we were on vacation, the weather (be) terrible.
10. In her whole lifetime, Mary (never / see) snow.
11. I dont know where Ammy is. .(you / see) her?
12. When I . (get) home last night, I .. (be)
very tired and I (go) straight to bed.
13. Your car looks very clean. . (you / wash) it?
14. George .. (not / be) very well last week.
15. Mr. Clark (work) in a bank for 15 years. Then he gave it up.
B) Use PRESENT PERFECT TENSE or PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
to fill in the blanks:
1. Im trying to study. I .. (try) to study for the last
hour, but something always seems to interrupt me. I think Id better go to the library.
2. The children are playing basketball right now. They
(play) for almost two hours. They must be getting tired.
3. The telephone (ring) four times in the last
hour, and each time it has been for my roommate.
4. The telephone (ring) for almost a minute. Why
doesnt someone answer it?
5. It .. (rain) all day. I wonder when it will stop.
6. We (have) three accidents so far this week. I
wonder how many more we will have if you keep using the tools carelessly.
7. We . (live) here since last June.
8. My little son is dirty from head to foot because he
(play) in the mud.
9. Whats the matter? Your eyes are red and puffy. I hope you
(not / cry). Oh, now I understand. You .. (peel)
some onions.
10. Hello, Rob. Im happy to see you again. I ..
(not / see) you for weeks. What . you (do)
lately?
11. I . (not / be) able to reach my boss on the
phone yet. I . (try) for the last twenty
minutes, but the line ..(be) busy.
12. We . (have) three major snowstorms so far this
winter. I wonder how many more we will have.
13. I (write) them three times, but I still
havent received a reply.
14. A: Dr. Harrison is a good teacher. How long he . (be)
at the university?
B: He (teach) here for almost 25 years.
25

15. A: What are you going to order for dinner?

B: Well, I (have / not) pizza. So I think, Ill
order that.
16. My uncle . (paint) the outside of his house
for three weeks and hes still not finished.
17. The Smiths are presently in Tunisia. They . (travel)
throughout North Africa since the middle of May. Theyll return home in another month.
C) Use THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE or THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
to fill in the blanks:
1. Im tired. We . (walk) for over an hour. Lets
stop and rest for a while.
2. The zoo isnt far from here. I (walk) there
many times.
3. I . (write) my friends at least a dozen
letters since I left home and come home.
4. Sally is writing a letter to her boyfriend. She .
(write) it since she got home from class. Its going to be a long letter.
5. The telephone .. (ring) four times in the last
hour, and each time it has been for my roommate.
6. The telephone (ring) for almost a minute.
Why doesnt someone answer it?
7. She is 80 and she (never / read) a book in her life.
8. The secretary is very tired. She (type) all
morning.
9. Tom is reading a book. He started two hours ago and he is on page 53. He
.. (read) for two hours.
10. Hello! I (clean) the windows. So far I
(clean) five of them and there are two more to do.
11. My grandfather (died) 30 years ago. I ..
. (never / meet) him.
12. A: Is your father at home?
B: No, Im afraid he (go) out.
A: When exactly (he / go) out?
B: About ten minutes ago.
D) Use THE SIMPLE PAST or THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE to fill in the blanks:
1. The young man (never / be) to Paris, but he ..
(read) a book about this city last year.
2. you (decide) where to go yet?
3. A: Have some tea, please.
B: No, thank you. I . (just / have) two cups of tea.
4. Susan . (do) her homework before 10 oclock but Jane .
.. (not /write) a word until now.
5. Her mother (buy) her a pair of new shoes yesterday.
6. The Prime Minister . (leave) for the USA an hour ago.
7. A: .. the plane . (land)?
B: Yes, it (land) ten minutes ago.
8. It . (not / rain) for a long time.
9. you (see) my dog? It (run away)
this morning.
10. We . (meet) at a party a long time ago, but I ..
(not / see) her since then.
26

11. I (see) an interesting book in a bookshop yesterday, but I

(not / buy) it.
12. My friend (fall) from the bicycle because he .
(not / ride) one for ages.
13. His father (die) in 1970, but he ..
(never / visit) his fathers grave since that time.
14. They (go) to America years ago, but none of them ...
(come) back since then.
15. A: .. you .. (speak) to an Englishman?
B: Yes, I .. (have) a short conversation with one last night.
16. A: . you ever .. (be) to Tatilya?
B: Yes, I . (go) there two years ago.
17. A: . you .. (see) Jane recently?
B: No, I . (see) her for a long time.
E) Rewrite the sentences using SIMPLE PAST or PRESENT PERFECT TENSE:
1. I havent seen her for a long time.
Its ages since I saw her
2. I last met George two weeks ago.
I havent
3. They have been here for three months.
They arrived ..
4. We started living in Istanbul 12 years ago.
We have .
5. I last saw my girlfriend five days ago.
I havent .
6. Is this the first time you have tasted a kivi?
(not) you . one before?
7. I last smoked a cigarette ten years ago.
I havent ..
8. I last drank wine two weeks ago.
Its two weeks . wine.
9. I have lived in Istanbul since January.
I (come)
10. They moved to Ankara two years ago.
They . two years.
11. She hasnt been to Rome before.
This is the first time

27

PRESENT SIMPLE vs. PRESENT

CONTINUOUS
~ multiple choice quiz ~
1 John __________ at this moment.
Arrive
Arrives
are arriving
is arriving
John always __________ on time
2
for meetings.
Arrive
Arrives
are arriving
is arriving
Barbara usually __________
3
dinner for her husband after work.
Cook
Cooks
are cooking
is cooking
This week Barbara is away on
4 business so Tom __________
dinner for himself.
Cook
Cooks
are cooking
is cooking
5

Drive
Drives
are driving
is driving
7

My parents normally __________

breakfast at 7:00 a.m.
Eat
Eats
are eating
is eating

At the moment my parents are on

8 vacation, so they __________
breakfast much later.
Eat
Eats
are eating
is eating
My husband and his
9 colleague__________ golf right
now.
Play
Plays
are playing
is playing

Mr. and Mrs. Parsons __________

to work together every day.
Drive
Drives
are driving
is driving

My husband and his colleague

10 __________ golf whenever they
are not too busy.
Play
Plays
are playing
is playing

Today Mr. and Mrs. Parsons

__________ to work separately
6
because Mr. Parsons has to go to a
meeting at another branch.
11. I ________ you're crazy!
A. ? think
B. ? am thinking

12. You won't find Jerry at home

right now. He ________ in the
library.
28

a. ? studies
b. ? is studying
13. I ________ lunch in the cafeteria
every day.
a. ? have
b. ? am having
14. Don't give Jan any cheese. She
________ it!
a. ? hates
b. ? is hating
15. Once a week, I ________ to an
art class at the college.
a. ? go
b. ? am going
16. Marie-Claude isn't a Canadian. I
________ she comes from
France.
a. ? believe
b. ? am believing
17. It ________ quite hard
perhaps we shouldn't go out
tonight.
a. ? snows
b. ? is snowing
18. Salman is rich he ________ a
Mercedes.
a.
drives
b. ? is driving
19. I ________ to Toronto next
Thursday. Do you want to come?
a. ? go
b. ? am going
20. Look! Junko ________ into the
water.
a. ? jumps
b. ? is jumping
21) A: What ................ ? B: He's an
engineer.
a. is your father doing
b. is your father do
c. does your father do
d. does your father doing
22) Why ................... sunglasses? It's cloudy
today.
a. do you wear
b. are you wearing

c. do you wearing
d. are you wear
23) A: How often .................... to the
cinema? B: About once a month.
a. do you go
b. are you going
c. are you go
d. do you going
24) ............... a really good book at the
moment.
a. I read
b. I'm reading
c. I reading
25) He................... an iphone, an ipad and a
computer. He's so lucky!
a. is having
b. have
c. has
26) Bill ................... really hard at the
moment because his company has just
received a big order from China.
a. works
b. is working
c. is work
27) It ............. a lot in La Spezia in winter.
a. rains
b. rain
c. is raining
28) A: Where's John? B: He's in the
bathroom. He ............... a shower.
a. has
b. is having
c. is making
d. is doing
29) A: What ........................ ? B: I'm looking
for my glasses.
a. are you doing
b. do you do
c. you are doing
30) A: ..................... the party? B: Yes, very
much, thank you.
a. Are you enjoying
b. Do you enjoy
c. Are you enjoy
d. Do you enjoying

PAST SIMPLE vs. PRESENT CONTINUOUS

~ multiple choice quiz ~
29

1.

b.
c.
d.
2.
a.
b.
c.
d.
3.
a.
b.
c.
d.
4.
a.
b.
c.
d.
5.
a.
b.
c.
d.
6.
a.
b.
c.
d.
7.
a.
b.
c.
d.

We ............... (go) to the park when

a strange man ................. (ask) us for
money.
a. went / asked
were going / was asking
were going / asked
went / was going
My father ................. (read) a
newspaper while his friends .................
(prepare) dinner.
was reading / were
preparing
read / prepared
was reading / prepared
read / was preparing
Peter ................. (get) up, .................
(eat) breakfast and .................. (go) to
work.
was getting / was eating /
was going
got / was eating / went
got / ate / was going
got / ate / went
When Jane ................. (wash) her
hair, her neighbour ................. (come)
in.
was washing / was coming
washed / was coming
was washing / came
washed / came
Susan ................. (break) her leg
while she ................. (ski).
was breaking / was skiing
broke / was skiing
broke / skied
was breaking / was skiing
I ................. (meet) my wife when
I ................. (do) shopping in Auchan.
met / did
met / was doing
was meeting / did
was meeting / was doing
My sister ................. (do) her
homework and then she .................
(tidy) her room.
did / tidied
was doing / tidyed
did / was tidying
was doing / was tidying

8.
a.
b.
c.
d.
9.
a.
b.
c.
d.
10.
a.
b.
c.
d.
11.
a.
b.
c.
d.
12.
a.
b.
c.
d.
13.
a.
b.
c.
d.
14.
a.
b.
c.
d.
15.
a.
b.
c.
30

While the children ................. (sing)

their teacher ................. (play) the
piano.
sang / played
sang / was playing
were singing / was playing
was singing / played
When Tim ................. (tell) a story
the other pupils ................. (whistle).
told / were whistling
was telling / whistled
told / whistled
was telling / were whistling
Harry ................. (play) computer
games when he ................. (hear) a
strange noise.
played / heard
was playing / was hearing
was playing / hear
was playing / heard
They ................. (break) a pot while
they ................. (water) the flowers.
broke / were watering
broke / watered
was breaking / was watering
was breaking / watered
The wind ................. (blow) when
Peter ................. (see) an owl on a tree.
blew / was seeing
was blowing / was seeing
was blowing / saw
blew / saw
Davids baby ................. (start) to
cry when it ................. (see) an old
lady.
was begining / was seeing
began / saw
began / was seeing
was begining / saw
My mother ................. (have) a
shower when the lights ................. (go)
out.
was having / went
had / went
had / were going
was having / were going
It ................. (start) to rain when
we ................. (play) tennis.
was starting / were playing
was starting / played
was starting / plaied

d.
16.
a.
b.
c.
d.
17.
a.
b.
c.
d.
18.
a.
b.
c.
d.
19.
a.
b.
c.
d.
20.

a.
b.
c.

started / were playing

He ................. (sit) down, .................
(take) a pen and paper and ...................
(write) a letter.
sat / took / wrote
sat / took / was writing
was sitting / took /was
writing
sat / was taking / was
writing
The students ................. (write) a
test when Tim ................. (drop) his
pen.
wrote / was dropping
were writing / was dropping
were writing / dropped
wrote / dropped
Sam ................. (watch) TV while
Bruce ................. (eat) a sandwich.
was watching / was eating
watched / ate
was watching / ate
watched / was eating
Martin and Eve ................. (take)
photos when a strange
object ................. (appear) in the sky.
took / appeared
took / was appearing
were taking / appeared
were taking / was appearing
Kim ................. (visit) two
museums, ................. (drink) a bottle of
mineral water and ................. (drive)
away.
visited / drank / was driving
visited / drank / drove
was visiting / was drinking /
was driving

d.

was visiting / drank/ was

driving
21. When I saw Dave, he __________.
is working
worked
was working
22. You had a good time at the party,
__________ you?
hadn't
didn't
weren't
23. __________ when the telephone rang?
Were you sleeping
Did you sleep
Were sleeping
24. Dave, when __________ the ESL Cafe
on the Web?
were you begin
began
did you begin
25. You __________ me, did you?
understood
weren't understanding
didn't understand
26. When __________ yesterday morning?
you got up
did you get up
were you getting up
27. While I __________ to work, I saw an
accident.
drove
was driving
did drive
28. __________ well on this quiz?
Did you
Were you
Did you do

31

~ focus on past tenses ~

A- Write When or While!
1.I was reading a book ........................................ suddenly I heard a noise.
2. ................................. Rose was cooking dinner, her husband went to work.
3. ................................ Sandra and Kathy was talking in the living-room,the doorbell
rang.
4.Ben was playing in a basketball team ................................. he was a kid.
5. Sharon came home ................................... her brother was playing video games.
6. ................................... Angela got home, she was making some coffee.
7. They were sleeping ........................................... the burglars broke in.
8. We were having a lesson ........................................ we heard a terrrible noise.
9. ...................................... I was cycling, the rain started.
10. He broke his arm ....................................... he was playing basketball.
B- Write the correct form of the verbs!
1-She met him while she ___________________(travel) on a train.
2-While the was woman getting off the bus, she_______________(fall down).
3-The thief ___________________(break) into while we were sleeping.
4-John took a photo while I ____________________(not/look).
5-While my mum was working in the garden , she _______________(hurt) her back.
6-We were living in Madrid when our old aunt________________(die).
7-When I got up this morning, it _________________(rain) heavily.
8- While my dad was brushing teeth, my mum _______________ (fall asleep).
9- I saw a nightmare while I ___________________(sleep) last night.
10- What happened in your dream while a monster ___________________(chase) you?
C- Write the correct form of the verbs!
1- I _______________(study) History when my friends__________________ (come)
around.
2- While Susan_______________(walk) in the street, she ____________(meet)
an
old friend.
3- Her baby_________________ (wake) up while she __________________(clean)
the house.
4- He
__________________
(work)
when
her
wife
_______________________(phone) him.
5- The students ______________(have) a test when the storm ____________(start).
6- We ______________(see) a falling star while we ________________(go) fishing in
the lake.
7- Susan______________(fall) down while she ___________________(climb) the
ladder.
8- I ___________________(walk) along the road when I_____________(see) you with
her.
9- Tom _______________(burn)his hand while he _________________(cook)the
dinner.
10- Dady _______________(fall) asleep while he __________________(read) a book.
32

D - Present Simple or Present Continuous OR Past Simple or Past Continuous

1. Water ______________ (not/boil) at 0 degrees- it ____________ (boil) at 100.
2. When Chuck Norris _______________ (run) after a bad guy, he always
______________ (catch) him.
3. While Chuck ____________________ (eat) dinner, he ________________ (load) his
gun.
4. Every day Chuck _______________ (get up) at 7 oclock- he ____________ (not/get
up) at noon. He has missions to accomplish.
5. Why _______ you __________ (call) me 20 times yesterday? _________ you
___________ (realize) that my phone __________________ (not/work)?
6. I cant stand Justin. He always ________________ (throw) things in class.
7. Right now our English teacher _________________(talk) to us about the past
continuous and the whole class ________________(sleep)- they _______________
(not/listen) to her.
8. Look! Chuck Norris is outside and he ____________ (walk) by our school!
9. In 1850 nobody ______________ (play) Minecraft. There ____________ (not/be) any
computer games then and worst of all- there ___________ (not/be) any TV!
10. After school I usually ____________ (watch) TV to relax and then I ___________
(do) my homework.
11. This week my handball team __________________ (practice) three times instead of
two. We _________________ (play) against the Halandri team on Saturday.
12. Chuck Norris ____________ (drive) his Lotus very fast when a giant monster
____________ (appear) in front of him. He __________ (stop) in time.
13. Sorry, Mrs. Crabtree, I _____________ (not/find) my English homework. I think I
____________(leave) it at my friends house last night.
14. Chuck Norris ___________(not/believe) in ghosts. He ___________ (think) they
_________ (not/exist).
15. My parents ________ (not/let) me go to the Lady Gaga concert last month. They
___________(think) that the tickets ___________ (cost) too much money.
16. Radio announcer says: Pele ___________ (pass) the ball to Ronaldo and he
_________ (kick the ball to Messi who ____________ (make) a goal.
17. As Chuck Norris _____________ (draw) his gun out of the holster, the robber
_________(panic) and __________(run) away.
18. Everyone __________ be) scared of Chuck Norris. You can say that again.
19. Chuck Norris ___________ (hate) robbers and killers. He ___________ (not/need)
even a gun to frighten them away.
20. Yesterday Chuck Norris _________ (become) the winner of the strongest man in the
world.
Task 6 - Write the verbs in brackets into Past continuous tense.
1.- At 10,30 am Richard (train) with his team for the football match.
2.- Sheila .. (fly) to Barcelona and she . (read) a magazine.
3.-My team (lose) the match so I was very sad.
4.-The housekeeper . (organize) the bedrooms.
5.-The two friends (finish) the Maths project.
33

6.-The manager .. (talk) to the customer.

7.-Johnny ....(wear) an elegant grey suit and a blue tie.
8.-Miriam (shout) and I . (cry)
9.-The photographers (take) good photos of the event.
10.-The top model .. (present) a creation by Chanel.
11.- A woman . (explain) the pictures at the museum.
12.-Interpol .. (look )for the criminals.
13.-The famous painter (give) an interview on TV.
14.-Barbara (relax) in sea resort.
15.-My sister (paint) his nails in the bathroom.
16.-The maid ... (polish) the silverware.
17.-The girls (rehearse) the play.
18.-The cat .. (run) after the mouse.
19.-The footballer .. (kick) the football.
20.- The policeman (question) the suspect at the police station.
20.- Michael .. (not tell) the truth to me.
21 .-Yolanda (not listen) to what I (say)
22.-The man (try) to start the car.
23.-He . (get) furious and exhausted.
24.-The parrot (sit) on the pirates shoulder.
25.-Liana (share) the limousine with some friends.
26.-They .. (celebrate) her wedding anniversary.
27.-Alex . (design) some cool handbags.

34

THE NOUN
1. Numarul substantivelor
Numarul substantivelor reprezinta forma pe care o ia un substantiv pentru a arata ca ne
referim la unul sau mai multe obiecte sau fiinte.
Singularul este forma de baza a unui substantiv: dog, girl, wife, world, storm (furtuna)
Pluralul regulat al substantivelor se formeaza prin adaugarea unui s la forma de
singular:
- Ex.: cat+s = cats (pisici), day+s = days (zile), world+s = worlds (lumi)
Pluralul substantivelor teminate n: ch, o, sh, s, x; se formeaza adaugnd es la singular:
- Ex.: church+es = churches (biserici), bush+es = bushes (tufisuri), class+es = classes
(clase), potato+es = potatoes (cartofi),box+es = boxes (cutii)
Pluralul neregulat: Sunt unele substantive care formeaza forma de plural neregulata.
Substantive terminate n consoana+y formeaza pluralul cu ies:
Ex.: company - companies (companii), factory - factories (fabrici), baby babies (bebelusi)
Unele substantive terminate n o fac plural prin adaugarea unui s:
Ex.: soprano - sopranos (soprane), piano - pianos (piane), photo - photos
(fotografii)
Unele substantive terminate n f sau fe vor avea la plural schimbarea n ves:
Ex.: leaf - leaves (frunze), half - halves (jumatati), wife - wives, life - lives
(vieti), self - selves (insine), wolf - wolves (lupi)
Exceptii: roof - roofs (acoperisuri), handkerchief - handkerchiefs (batiste), gulf - gulfs
(golfuri, prapastii), wharf - wharfs/ wharves (debarcadere)
Cteva substantive formeaza pluralul prin schimbarea unei vocale interne:
Ex.: foot - feet (picioare [talpa]), man - men (barbati), tooth - teeth (dinti)
Pluralul substantivului child (copil) este children. (copii).
Unele substantive ramn la fel si pentru plural:
Ex.: aircraft (avion, avioane), deer (caprioara, caprioare), series (serie, serii),
sheep (oaie, oi), species (specie, specii), fish (peste, pesti)
Pluralul substantivelor compuse
n cazul substantivelor compuse numai ultimul cuvnt va trece la plural.
Ex.: boy-friends (iubiti), break-ins (spargeri), travel agents (agentii de turism)
Exceptii: substantivele compuse al caror prim element este man sau woman vor forma
pluralul pentru ambele substantive componente.
Ex.: men drivers (soferi), women teachers (profesoare), men servants (servitori)
n cazul substantivelor compuse formate din constructii de genul substantiv +
prepozitie / adverb + substantiv, doar substantivul de baza va primi semnul pluralului.
Ex.: sisters-in-law, passers-by, men-of-war, hangers-on, lookers-on, runners-up
Abrevierile sau initialele vor forma pluralul prin adaugarea unui s:
Ex.: MPs (Members of Parliament), VIPs (very important persons)
2. Substantivele unice (uncountable nouns)
Substantivele unice sunt cele care in engleza nu se numara (uncountable) deoarece
reprezinta unicate sau obiecte puternic individualizate, ori notiuni abstracte.
35

Nume de substante - bread (paine), coffee (cafea), gold (aur), pepper (piper), glass
(sticla), oil (ulei, petrol), stone (piatra), wood (lemn).
Abstractiuni - earth (pamant), paradise (paradis), nature (natura), the present (prezentul),
advice (sfat), death (moarte), help (ajutor), information (informatie), news (stire), beauty
(frumusete), experience (experienta), knowledge (cunoastere), friendship (prietenie),
theory (teorie), literature (literatura).
Alte substantive - baggage (bagaj), damage (dauna), shopping (cumparaturi), reading
(citire), luggage (bagaje), parking (parcare), weather (vreme).
3. Forma posesiva
Pentru a exprima posesiunea unui substantiv, se foloseste Forma posesiva a
substantivului, care se formeaza in diferite moduri.
- La forma de singular a substantivelor care nu se termina n s se adauga 's :
Ex.: a child's voice (vocea unui copil), the people's choice (alegerea oamenilor), a
dog's mouth (gura unui caine), women's clothes (haine de /pt. femei)
- Cu formele de plural ale substantivelor care se termina n s se foloseste doar apostroful
(') :
Ex.: a boys' school (o scoala de baieti), the sisters' house (casa surorilor)
- Numele proprii terminate n s vor primi fie doar apostrof ('), fie 's :
Ex.: Mr Jones's / Mr Jones' car (masina domnului John), Yeats's / Yeats' poems
(poeziile lui Yeats)
- n cazul substantivelor compuse si a titlurilor, ultimul cuvnt va primi 's :
Ex.: My father-in-law's guitar (chithara socrului meu), Henry the Eighth's wife (a opta
sotie a lui Henry)
- 's se foloseste si dupa initiale sau abrevieri:
Ex.: The CEO's assistant (asistentii CEO), the PM's speech (discursul de /a lui PM)
Forma posesiva se foloseste n general cnd vorbim de oameni, animale, tari. Se foloseste
si n urmatoarele cazuri:
a) n expresii temporale:
Ex.: yesterday's newspaper (ziarul de ieri), in five years' time (in timp de 5 ani), ten
minutes' break (pauza de zece minute)
b) n expresii construite dupa modelul bani + worth of (bani + in valoare de):
Ex.: ten dollars' worth of bananas (banane de zece dolari), a shilling's worth of stamps
(timbre in valoare de un siling)
c) n alte expresii uzuale, cum ar fi:
Ex.: for heaven's sake (pentru Dumnezeu), a winter's day (o zi de iarna), the water's
edge (marginea apei), the plane's wings (aripi de avion), the train's departure (statia de
tren)
~ practice time ~
PLURAL OF NOUNS
1. My grandparents ____ eleven children.
are
has
have
is
2. The Evans have four _____, two boys and two girls.
childs
childrens
children
child
36

3. Three or four ____ are sitting on chairs.

man
mans
men
mens
4. Mrs Brown is speaking to three or four ____.
women
woman
wimin
wamen
waman e is brought to you by www.nonstopenglish.com
5. There ___ many people in the park.
is
have
has
can
are
6. ____ people have only two children.
A
An
Any
Many
Much
7. In some countries you can have more ____.
wieves
wife
wifes
wiffes
wives
8. These people ____ a nice house.
wants
is
have
has
can
9. One man - two ____.
man
mean
men
min
mine
10. ____ shoes cost too much.
That
These
This
Those
11. ____ there any tea in the cup?
Many
Is
How
Do
Are
12. One fish - two ____.
fisch
fisches
fish
fishes
COUNTABLE vs. UNCOUNTABLE
1. He did not need _____.
lot of helps
many helps
much help
2. How _____ did they need?

much helpings

much helps

much sands
much sandes
much sand
many sands
many sandes
3. How _____ did he eat?
big chocolate
many chocolate
much chocholate
much chocholates
much
chocolate
4. How _____ do you want?
very tea
much teas
much tea
many teas
many tea
5. There weren't _____ at the meeting.
many woman
many women
many womens
much woman
much women
6. So _____ came that we ran out of food.
much people
many persons
many person
many peoples
many people
7. Don't talk too _____.
lot
many
much
much thing
very
8. I do not have _____.
many work
many works
much work
much works
much works
9. He hasn't got _____ as a teacher.
much experiences
much experience
many experiences
many experience
a lot of experiences
10. We did not make _____.
much mistakes
much mistake
many mistook
many mistakes
many mistake
11. It was not _____ to live with him.
much funs
much funny
much funnies
much fun
many funs
12. This company doesn't have _____.
much machinery
much machineries
much machiner
many machineries
lot of machineries
37

13. Not _____ like maths.

many children
many childrens
many childs
much children
much childrens
14. There was _____ at meeting on Friday.
a lot of fusses
many fuss
many fusses
much fuss
much fusses
15. How _____ do you have?
much sheeps
much sheep
many sheeps
many sheep
big sheeps
16. How _____ do you have?
a lot of luggages
many luggage
many luggages
much luggage
much
luggages
17. I haven't read _____ about World War II.
much informations
much information
many informations
many
information
lot of informations
18. We haven't got _____ this week.
lot of homeworks
many homework
many homeworks
much homework
much homeworks
19. This company does not need _____.
lot of machine
many machine
many machines
much machine
much
machines
20. He did not give me _____.
much advices
much advice
many advices
many advice
a lot of
advices

~ THE NOUN follow up ~

1. Explicai de ce s-a transformat sau nu s-a transformat y la urmtoarele substantive
plurale:
baby babies, key keys, butterfly butterflies
2. Traducei n limba romn:
The sheep is a mild animal.
Our sheep are in the mountains now.
Where are your children?

The child begins to speak.

The geese are near the lake.
Our kids like the mice in the cartoons.

3. Punei substantivele din parantez la numrul plural:

There are hundreds of (book) .................. on the (shelf) ..................
All his (toy) ............... are in his room.
Those (man)................. are (tourist).......................
(Child) ........................... like (story) .........................
(Leaf) .................... fall in autumn.
There are lots of (goose) ....................... on that farm.
Did you buy any (potato) ..................... yesterday?
Those (woman) .................... are (housewife) .........................
There are some (mouse) ................... in the barn.
4. Trecei la plural urmtoarele substantive:
class, month, piano, deer, advice, information, hobby, money, map, furniture, box.
38

5. Care sunt corespondentele feminine ale urmtoarelor substantive masculine?

son, nephew, uncle, father, friend, brother, boy, student, husband, man, king.
6. Vorbii despre familia dumneavoastr n cel puin zece propoziii. Includei i cuvintele:
uncle, aunt, cousin, sister, mother, father, grandmother, grandfather.
7. Formulai propoziii cu substantive la genitiv, conform modelului:
John has got a book. This is Johns book.
My neighbour has got a car.
Lily has got a doll.
Dick has got a new bicycle.
My cousin has got a new toy.
Mister White has got an umbrella.
Lawrence and Paul have got an electric train.
Peter has got a bicycle and Mary has got a bicycle too.

39

~ Follow up 2 ~
A. Write the correct plural form.
1. Man
___________
2. Hero
___________
3. Ox
___________
4. Fox
___________
5. Knife
___________
6. Table
___________
7. Horse
___________
8. Dish
___________
9. Day
___________
10. Child
___________
11. Tomato ___________
12. Person
___________
13. Computer ___________

14. Mouse
___________
15. Wife
___________
16. Baby
___________
17. Door
___________
18. Sandwich ___________
19. Briefcase ___________
20. Thesis
___________
21. Cactus
___________
22. Dictionary ___________
23. Book
___________
24. Foot
___________
25. Class
___________

B. Change into the plural.

1-A child under twelve is not allowed to see this film.
2-A man is looking at the film poster.
3-This baby has got one tooth.
4-This actress is really beautiful.
5-That actor usually dresses as a cowboy.
6-A sheriff saw the thief.
7-There is only one wolf on the prairie.
8-This woman owns a ranch in the Farwest.
9- A buffalo is drinking water from the lake.
10-A famous persons life is an interesting piece of news.
11-The book is on the table.
12-A man is picking up a leaf.
13-This piano is very expensive.
14-That knife was used by the thief.
15. There is only one shelf in his bedroom.
C. Write the noun in the correct form (singular or plural):

Tweet, tweet, tweet.

My bird alarm _________ (clock) woke me up gently. I opened my big brown
_________(eye) and smiled. Catch those ___________(dimple) in my _________ (cheek). I
always wake up with a __________ (smile).
Hey, Im Bernie Bridges. Why shouldnt I smile? I had no ________(idea) today was the
_______ (day) it would all start. No _____ (idea) that today would lead to the Biggest Pie Battle
in the history of the __________ (school) maybe the __________(world).
How could I know? I was still half-asleep. I raised my _________(head). I could hear the
other guys in my _________ (dorm) rushing out to the Dining Hall to get _____________
(breakfast).
40

Hey, am I going to hurry? No way. I settled back on my feather ___________(pillow) and

smiled some more. I knew my faithful ____________(friend) Belzer would bring my
______________ (breakfast) in _________(bed) every _____________(morning).
Good __________(kid), Belzer.
I sat up and stretched. Bernie, youve got it made! I told myself. I talk to myself a lot. I
mean, who else understands pure __________(genius)? I put on my __________(glasses).
_____________ (sunlight) poured through my ___________ (window).
The
____________(curtain) fluttered in a cool _____________ (breeze). I gazed at my favourite
_____________(poster) on the __________ (wall), the big ______________ (poster) of ME.
You probably go __________ (home) every ___________ (day) after____________
(school). Poor _________(sucker). My ______________ (parent) travel all the ________(time).
So they sent me to the Rotten School, my __________ (home) away from ______________
(home).
Its a _________________________ (boarding school), see. That means I get to live in a
____________ (dorm) with my _____________(friend). No _____________ (parent).
How cool is that?
Actually, we live in an old ____________ (house) called Rotten House. A whole
__________ (bunch) of my fourth- and fifth-grade friends live on my __________ (floor). We
claimed
the
third
__________
(floor)
because
its
good
for
dropping
water______________( balloon) out the ______________ (window).
Mrs. Heinie is our _____________________ (dorm mother). Shes really nice, but she
has a_____________( job) to do. That means shes always snooping around, sniffing in
____________ (corner), keeping an _________(eye) on us.
Mrs. Heinie is also our fourth-grade core ________________(teacher). She has her own
_______________ (apartment) in the _______________(attic).

41

THE ENGLISH PRONOUN

Q1 - Explain it again _____, please.

Me & To Me
Q2 - She sent a letter _____.

us
to us

them
to them

Q3 - He told a joke _____.

Q4 - He sent ____ a letter.

them
to them

me
to me

Q5 - He warned ____ about it.

Q6 - Post it _____ as soon as you can, please.

us
to us

me
to me

Q7 - Ayed recommended it ____.

Q8 - He wrote _____ a very rude letter.

me
to me

me
to me

Q9 - She wrote a nice letter_____.

Q10 - Listen ____.

me
to me

me
to me

Q1 - I hurt ____ playing football.

Object Pronoun or Reflexive Pronoun?

Q2 - She hurt ____.

me
myself

him
himself

Q3 - I cut ____ shaving.

Q4 - Do you mind if I take ____ home now?

me
myself

me
myself

Q5 - I helped ____ to some food.

Q6 - I wanted to do it ____.

me
myself

me
myself

Q7 - He's so ill he can't dress ____.

Q8 - She took it upon ____ to organize everything.

him
himself

her
herself

Q9 - The decision is fine by ____.

Q10 - He helped ____ do it.

me
myself

me
myself

Q1 - It's ____ party.

my
mine

Possessive and Reflexive Pronouns

Q2 - He hurt ____.
his
himself

42

Q3 - She did it ____.

Q4 - He took it from ____ room.

hers
herself

my
myself
Either could be used here.

Q5 - I didn't believe ____ story.

Q6 - I saw it with ____ own eyes.

her
hers

my
mine
myself

Q7 - No one would help us, so we had to do it ____.

Q8 - Someone took it while ___ were asleep.

us
ourself
ourselves

ourselves
we

Q9 - He'll just have to do it ____.

Q10 - It's not ____ problem.

him
himself

our
ours

Q11 - I don't think it's____.

Q12 - Be careful or you'll hurt ____!

mine
my
myself

yourself
yourselves
Either could be used here.

Q13 - It's ____ not mine.

Q14 - She didn't do ____ best.

her
hers
herself

her
hers
herself

Q1 - Give that to ____.

Pronouns
Q2 - Did she see ___?

I
me

us
we

Q3 - Did you phone ____?

Q4 - I took it from ____.

she
her

they
them

herself
Q5 - It's not up to ____.

Q6 - My sister and ____ went there.

we
us

I
me

Q7 - Between you and ____, I think it's a stupid idea. Q8 - ____ is the white one.
I
me

Mine
My

43

Q9 - What did ____ say about it?

Q10 - They said ____ had to pay for it.

them
they

us
we

Q11 - I told ____ to be here at three o'clock.

Q12 - What did ____ want?

he
him

her
she

Q13 - Tell ____ what happened.

Q14 - If ____ have time, it should be OK.

I
me

us
we

Q15 - It's got nothing to do with ____.

Q16 - I took ____ both.

you and me
you and I

it
they
its
them

Q1 - I saw ____.

Subject and Object Pronouns

Q2 - Give it to ____.

her
she

they
them

Q3 - She kissed ____.

Q4 - He took ____.

he
him

it
them
Either could be used here.

Q5 - Did anyone see ____?

Q6 - _____ arrived on time.

us
we
Either could be used here.

Them
They
Either could be used here.

Q7 - What did ____ say?

Q8 - She's faster than ____ am.

her
she
Either could be used here

me
I

Q9 - I saw you and ____ there.

Q10 - Between you and ____, I really didn't like it.

she
her

me
I

Q11 - My brother and ____ went there.

Q12 - He gave it to me and ____.

I
we
me

she
her

44

Q1 - It took ____ an hour to get to work.

They, Them, Their & Theirs

Q2 - You take our books and I'll take ____.

they
them

their
theirs

Q3 - I am angry with both of ____.

Q4 - Do you know ____?

they
their
them

they
them

Q5 - Are ____ coming?

Q6 - It was very kind of ____ to help.

they
their

they
their
them

Q7 - Did ____ speak to you?

Q8 - Did you speak to ____?

they
them

they
them

Q9 - Have ____ been invited?

Q10 - Ask ____.

they
their
them

them
they

Fill in the blanks with suitable pronouns.

1. Does _____ (her, she) know that _____ (me, I) was absent?
2. Please tell _____ ( he, him) _____ (I, me) have obtained a degree in
Chemistry.
3. I remember that _____ (they, them) bought the fruits from _____ (we, us).
4. Please don't tell ______ (she, her) about _____ (I, me).
5. _____ can swim because _____ has webbed feet.
6. I met Alice yesterday. _____ invited _____ to her house.
7. Jane has a cat; _____ likes to play with _____.
8. When the dog chased John, _____ ran as fast as _____ could.
9. My uncle works in a factory. _____ says _____ is a noisy place.
10. The teacher said to the class, "When _____ finished your work, please pass
_____ up to me."
Fill each blank with a suitable Reflexive Pronoun.
1. He rewarded _____ with an ice-cream.
2. They agreed amongst _____ that they would not tell anyone.
3. I taught _____ to draw.
4. You must explain _____ more clearly.
5. He has a bad temper so he must learn to control _____.
6. We thoroughly enjoyed _____ at the party on Sunday.
7. That monkey is scratching _____.
8. One must defend _____ against bullies.
9. My brother and I bought _____ some apples.
45

10. She cooks for _____ every day.

Fill in the blanks with which, who', whom' and whose'.
1. The boy, _____ father is a doctor, is my best friend.
2. This is not something _____ we like to do.
3. That man, _____ left leg was amputated, suffers from diabetes.
4. The thief, _____ they caught, was sent to the prison.
5. Our friends, _____ we invited to the party, arrived rather early.
6. The girl, _____ broke the mirror, was scolded by her mother.
7. That is my uncle, _____ car was stolen.
8. That woman, _____ you saw, was my auntie.
9. Kangaroos, _____ use their pouch to carry their babies, are found in
Australia.
10. The policeman, ______ caught the thief, is a very brave man.
Possessive Adjective vs. Possessive Pronoun
A Fill out the correct possessive adjective!
1. I have a bike. It's
bike.
2. Mum and I have a boat. It's
boat.
3. The horse has an apple. It's
apple.
4. John and Max have a skateboard. It's
skateboard.
6. You have a dog. It's
dog.
7. Max and you have a dad. It's
dad.
B - Fill out the correct possessive pronoun!
1. I have a dog. That dog is
!
2. She has a cat. That cat is
!
3. We have a car. That car is
!
4. They have a bike. That bike is
!
5. He has a key. That key is
!
6. You have a hat. That hat is
!
C. Fill in the gaps with the corresponding pronoun or adjective form.
- Sheila is an English girl. .. is walking with Peter and talking to .
- Ann and James are speaking to teachers, because have some
questions for .
- Jack's friends are in classs. These books are .
- We have a very light classroom; classroom is on the second floor.
- Claire has two dogs; dogs like playing very much.
- How old are . ? I am 15 years old.
- Can I borrow rubber? Yes, here .. are.
- That bike over there is . .

46

~ Follow up ~
The indefinite pronoun
Complete the sentences. Choose one of the words in the box
everybody
everything
everywhere
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

somebody
something
somewhere

anybody
anything
anywhere

This bag is empty, there isnt _______________ in it.

Im lonely. I have ____________________ to talk to.
I lost my watch. Ive looked for it _______________.
She said ______________, but I didnt understand her.
Did you go _______________ interesting for your vacation?
I like the people here. ________________ is very friendly.
What are you doing here? Im waiting for _______________.
Its a secret. Dont tell _________________.
We dont go out very much, because theres ____________________ to go.
How much does it cost to visit the museum? __________________. Why?
They live __________________ in the south of France.
Its a nice hotel. Its comfortable and _________________ is clean.

Complete the sentences. Choose one of the words in the box

1. Ken never uses his car. He goes _________________ by motorcycle.
2. Im bored. I dont have _____________________ to do.
3. Tom lives ________________ near Toronto.
4. Im looking for my glasses. I cant find them _________________.
5. What did you have to eat? ________________. I wasnt hungry.
6. I dont like this place. Theres _____________ to go.
7. Lets have dinner. _________________ is hungry.
8. I want _______________ to read. Im going to buy a magazine.
9. The house is empty. _________________ lives there.
10. Youre right. _______________ you say is true.
11. Do you know ______________ in Tokyo? Yes, I have a few friends there.
12.______________ broke the window.
Complete the sentences. Choose one of the words in the box
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

You can have a shower. Theres ________________ in the bathroom.

Jack has a bad memory. He cant remember __________________.
Their house is full of books. There are books __________________.
Whats in that suitcase? _______________ Its empty.
Stay at home. Dont go __________________.
Do you have ________________ you need?
Dan has gone ______________. He didnt tell anyone where he was going.

8. The tank is almost empty. Theres _______________ a station near here.

47

nobody
nothing
nowhere

9. Whats wrong? I have __________________ in my eye.

10. Tim doesnt have _________________ to help him.
11. Do you know Bob? Yes, __________________ knows him.
12.Theres ______________ at the door. Can you go and see who it is?

~ Revision 1~
1. Change the underlined words by personal pronouns:
1. Alice is my best friend.
2. John and Nick are planting trees now.
3. Liz and I helped our mum in the kitchen.
4. The dog is barking at the cat.
5. Tom will call me tomorrow.
6. My mother is cooking dinner at the moment.
7. The boys were running in the park.
2. Choose the correct possessive adjective:
1. My/me brother is a dentist.
2. Kate took his/her doll from the shelf.
3. We water the flowers in their/our garden.
4. Pam has taken her/your keys.
5. They showed their/our new car.
6. This is my/her sister. Her/my name is Liz.
7. Tims got a new CD. It is our/his CD.
3. Circle the correct pronoun:
1. Sam is talking to her/she.
2. Im looking for they/them.
3. Pam is looking at me/my.
4. Bob is sending an SMS to her/she.
5. I dont know him/his.
6. We like watching it/its.
7. Put they/them on the table, please.
4. Fill in the correct possessive pronoun:
1. My books. The books are ____.
2. His photos. The photos are ____.
3. Our letters. The letters are ____.
4. Your test. The test is ____.
5. Their CDs. The CDs are ____.
6. My pet. The pet is ____.
7. Her lessons. The lessons are __.
5. Choose the correct reflexive pronoun:
1. She cooks dinner ____.
2. I like to do it ____.
3. He does his homework ___.
4. We write it ____.
5. They cleaned the rooms ____.
6. She eats soup ____.
7. I wash my hair _____.
6. Correct the mistakes:
1. John is ours friend.
2. Pam is me best friend.
3. He gave mine an interesting book.
48

8. Tim sends me SMS every day.

9. These books are very interesting.
10. Kate gave me a beautiful picture.
11. Ann and Sally wrote a letter yesterday.
12. Pam and I went to the zoo.
13. The girls are knitting now.
8. Sam has got a dog. Its/its name is Boss.
9. Youve got a car. It is his/your car.
10. Nicks got a mobile. It is her/his mobile.
11. Weve got a pet. It is their/our pet.
12. I put my/her book on the table.
13. Youve got a new job. Its her/your job.
14. Ive got a bike. Its my/his bike.
8. Youre going with us/we.
9. He is going to show I/me his collection.
10. Can you help him/he?
11. He is teaching maths to we/us.
12. Im looking at they/them.
13. I can lend money to her/she.
14. We are waiting for you/your.
8. Our flag. The flag is ____.
9. Her shoes. The shoes are ____.
10. My flowers. The flowers are _. __
11. Your bird. The bird is ____.
12. Their lecture. The lecture is _.
13. His mobile. The mobile is ___.
14. Our cake. The cake is ____.
8. He made a report ____.
9. I sent a letter _____.
10. We watered the trees ____.
11. They bought the tickets ___.
12. He cuts the bushes ____.
13. I knit everything ____.
14. You drew this picture ____.

4. Look! This book is me.

5. She writes letters myself.
6. Look at him pet. It is nice.
7. This is my friend. Him name is Tim.
8. Me fathers name is David.
9. We drew this picture themselves.
10. I saw his yesterday.
11. Please, show my your photo.
12. Her plays tennis every day.
13. Ill give his my phone number.
14. They are waiting for our.

49

PRACTICE I a. Present perfect simple

I. Write the participle forms of the following verbs.
1. shut
2. spend
3. give
II. Complete the table in present perfect simple.
positive
Negative
We have chatted.
The lesson has not started.

4. teach
5. sell
question

Have we won?
She has turned around.
They have not arrived.
III. Write sentences in present perfect simple.
1. we / reach / our goal 2. our team / lose / the match 3. she / underline / the word 4. they / not / discover / the treasure 5. Ron / not / talk / about the problem IV. Write questions in present perfect simple.
1. you / knock / at the door 2. the teacher / mark / the tests 3. she / buy / a new computer 4. they / rescue / the girl 5. Brad / wear / a blue shirt V. Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence.
1. They have seen him at the library. 2. Robby Robber has robbed another bank. 3. Bill has ordered three desserts. 4. Clara has repeated the sentence five times. 5. Jane has asked a question. -

b. Present perfect continuous

I. Write the ing-form of the following verbs.
1. cry
3. lie
2. prepare
4. win
II. Choose the correct form: have or has and since or for.
1. Emma
been learning English
five years.
2. My friends
been living here
2003.
3. I
been waiting for Danny
20 minutes.
4. Ross and Gavin
been travelling around Australia
5. Carol
been exercising in the gym
2 o'clock.
III. Write sentences in present perfect progressive.
1. Kevin / read
2. you / TV / watch / all day
3. Paul / to the radio / listen / not
4. the men / cards / play
5. the girls / cycle / not
IV. Write questions in present perfect progressive.
1. Carol / shout
50

six weeks.

1. I'm
I___________ all day.
d) have went
2. very
youhungry.
/ dance
a) 3.
didn't
eat / run
6. How's your Mum? I _________ her for ages.
Kevin
b) haven't ate
a) had seen
4. they / on the phone / talk / how long
c) havent eaten
b) haven't seen
5. these books / lie / on the floor / how long
d) have been eating
c) haven't been seeing
2. Their new kitchen looks fantastic.
d) didn't see
They ________ completely ________ it.
7. You're covered in paint!
Prezent
Perfect
Prezent What
Perfect__________
Continuu you __________?
a) have
been Simpluredecorating
b) have
redecorated
havesau cursul aciunii
done
Accent
pe rezultat
Accent pe a)
durata
c) already
redecorated Aciune din trecut nspre prezent
b) were
doing
d) didn't
redecorated
c) did
do
Aciune terminat dar care influeneaz
prezentul
3. Our kitchens a mess.
d) have
been doing
I. Pune
verbele
la prezent
perfect simplu sau continuu
i tradu:
We_______
any
cleaning
for weeks.
8. Shes
gone to the doctor's.
a) 1.
didn't
do ____________________________ football forShe
too well lately.
I (play)
five ______________________
years.
b) 2.
haven't
been (win
doing
a) matches
hasn't felt
My team
/ only) __________________________ two
so far.
c) 3.
haveThe
done
b) hasn't
been feeling
others (be / always) _____________________________
better.
d) haven't done
c)
has
felt
4. Are we not there yet? We (walk) ________________________________for hours.
4. I think they are dating.
d) doesn't feel
5. But we (cover / only)
area of five miles so far.
They______________
a lot___________________________________an
of each other recently.
9. Where have you been? I__________________ for ages.
6.
I
(finish/just)
______________________________my
homework.
a) had seen
a) have waited
I (work)
________________________________
on this b)
essay
since two o'clock.
b) 7.
haven't
been
seeing
waited
c) 8.
haveJane
been(go
seeing
out) ______________________________ withc)Bob
for
seven years.
was waiting
d) 9.
haveMartin
seen (date) ___________________________ three girls this week.
d) have been waiting
5. We've
discovered
great
caf and
10. How
long (waitthis
/ you)
__________________________
for Ius?
10.
have to write an essay. I_____ about half of it so far.
we__________ there a lot.
Robin:
I
think
the
waiter
(forget)
________________________
us.
We
(wait)
________________________ here for
a)
have
written
a) have been going
over
half
an
hour
and
nobody
(take)
_________________________________
our order yet.
b) have been writing
b) have gone
Michele:
I think you're right. He (walk) _________________________________by
us at least twenty times. He
c) wrote
c) are going
d) have to write
probably thinks we (order, already) ______________________________________________________________.

c. Diferena dintre prezent perfect simplu i continuu

~ FOLLOW UP ~

Robin: Look at that couple over there, they (be, only) _____________________ here for five or ten minutes and they
already have their food.
A.
Fill in with
just, we
already,
yet not) ________________________________ yet! We (sit)
Michele:
He for,
mustsince,
realize
(order,
1.My
son
went
to
the
supermarket
but
he
hasnt come back
.
_______________________________________________here
for over
half an hour staring at him.
2.Leonard
has
..
made
his
bed
but
he
hasnt
called
his
girlfriend
Robin: I don't know if he (notice, even) _____________________us. He (run).
____________________________
3.inorders
Morocco
fromMiriam
table tohas
tablelived
taking
and
serving food. she was ten years old.
4.We have
..
newnot)
teacher
at the high school.
Michele:
That's
true, andmet
he the
(look,
_____________________________________
in our direction once.
5.- The waiter
has
.
brought
me
some
coffee and biscuits.
II. Alege varianta corect i tradu:
6.-Have they visited London ? No, they havent . gone there.
7.-That man has ............ come late again. His boss is very angry with him.
8.-Has the girl lived in France .. five years? Yes, she arrived five years ago.
9.-The plane has flown . twelve hours.
10.-The businessman has worked in the same office he was twenty-five years old.
11.-There has been many accidents on this road last year.
12.-John has performed the same play .. a long time.
13.- The woman hasnt sold her car ., but she wants to sell it.
14.- I have known my boyfriend .. we were at primary school.
B. Choose the correct option.
1 I have / has already finished my homework.
2 My son have / has just started the university.
3 The Black family have / has gone to the seaside.
4 Dad havent / hasnt watered the plants.
5 Have / Has Sam ever been to the USA?
6 Our English teachers have / has never ridden a horse.
7 Ann, Frank and Jim have / has bought a new house.
51

8 Have / Has you taken the dog for a walk?

9 The weather have / has been terrible since yesterday.
C. Are these sentences correct () or not ()? Correct the incorrect ones.
1 Clara hasnt just done her homework.
2 They have lived here since 2006.
3 I have just saw a great film on TV.
4 My English teacher has just missed the bus.
5 Have you ever gone to Italy?
6 Mum have already drunk her coffee.
7 They havent phoned me since yesterday.
8 I have known him since 5 years.
9 My friend, Nicola has been to New York.
10 The plane hasnt arrived
D. Choose the right option
1. John hasnt eaten_________yesterday.
(a) for
(b) since
(c) ago
2. Ive had my beach towel________two years.
(a) for
(b) since
(c) ago
3. We havent travelled__________2001.
(a) for
(b) since
(c) ago
4. The teacher rang the bell two hours________.
(a) for
(b) since
(c) ago
5. I havent seen the dentist_______last May.
(a) for
(b) since
(c) ago
6. He hasnt been in space ____ the last years.
(a) for
(b) since
(c) ago
7. The criminal hasnt been in jail______2010.
(a) for
(b) since
(c) ago
8 . I havent eaten watermelon____last summer.
(a) for
(b) since
(c) ago
9. Mary made lots of money at the sale two weeks _________.
(a) for
(b) since
(c) ago
10. I havent heard Mexican music _____I was a little girl.
(a) for
(b) since
(c) ago
11. John hasnt built any houses _____ last year.
(a) for
(b) since
(c) ago
12. Two years________the trees produced lots of sap.
(a) for
(b) since
(c) ago
E. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
1) Put the verb into the more suitable form, present perfect simple or present perfect continuous.
1. Look! (somebody / break) that window?
2. You look tired. . (you / work) hard?
3. (you / ever / work) in a factory? No, never.
4. Liz is away on holiday. Is she? Where . (she / go)?
5. My brother is an actor. .. (he / appear) in several films.
6. Sorry, Im late Thats all right. (I / not / wait) long.
7. Is it still raining? No, .. (it / stop).
52

8. .. (I / lose) my address book. . (you /

see) it?
9. . (I / read) the book you lent me, but ..... (I /
not / finish) it yet. Its very interesting.
10. (I / read) the book you lent me, so you can have it back now.
2) For each situation, ask a question using the words in brackets.
1. You have a friend who is learning Arabic. (how long / learn / Arabic?)
..
2. You have just arrived to meet a friend. She is waiting for you. ( wait / long?)
..
3. You see somebody fishing by the river. (catch / any fish?)
..
4. Some friends of yours are having a party next week. (how many people / invite?)
..
5. A friend of yours is a teacher. (how long / teach?)
.
6. You meet somebody who is a writer.
(how long / write / books?)

( how many / books / write))

7. A friend of yours is saving money to go on holiday.

(how long / save?)
..
(how much money / save?)
..

53

PRACTICE
~ present perfect vs. simple past ~
A) Underline the correct one
1) I lost have lost my wallet. I cannot find it anywhere. I looked have looked in the
bedroom but it wasnt there.
2) I didnt sell havent sold my car. I decided have decided to keep it.
3) Didnt you finish havent you finished your work yet?
4) They went have gone to New York. They must be having great time. Last semester I was
have been there and I had have had wonderful time.
5) Selma lived has lived in Qatar for two years. Last month she moved has moved to
Barcelona.
6) I was have been born in Sydney but I lived have lived in Canberra.
7) Did he help has he helped you
with your Spanish exam?
No, he didnt hasnt. He is busy.
8) My father was has been very
busy recently.
9) We bought have bought a new
house. It has got a very large garden.
10) She was has been a teacher
when she was has been 21.
B) Fill in the blanks with the given time expressions.
last month since 2003 in 1978 just (2)- already yesterday yet (2) last summer
ever ten minutes ago
1) I havent watered the flowers ________.
2) ________, I bought a mobile phone but I lost it.
3) My family has lived in Dubai ________.
4) The train left ________. I missed it.
5) I graduated from high school ________.
6) Havent you made up your mind ________?
7) He has ________ painted the benches. They are wet.
8) Have you ________ been to Istanbul?
9) It was very cold ________ but today it is warm and sunny.
10) We have ________ found a new servant.
11) We were in Hawaii ________. It was an unbelievable holiday.
12) I have ________ phoned Melisa. She is fine. We dont need to phone her again.
C) Rewrite the sentences.
1) I prepared the table a few minutes ago. ( just )
__________________________________________.
2) She has already done the washing up. ( an hour ago )
____________________________________.
3) We didnt get ready for the party. ( yet )
___________________________________________.
54

4) Have you ever visited an orphanage?

( last year )
______________________________________.
5) Uncle Tom took me to the school today. ( already )
_______________________________________.
6) Dorothy has just watered the flowers. ( two minutes ago )
________________________________.
7) They have never been to Bangkok.
( in the past )
____________________________________.
8) Havent you put on your jacket yet?
( in the morning )
__________________________________.
9) The clients have complained about the products for hours. ( this afternoon )
_____________________________________________.
10) I didnt play chess last year.
( since )
_____________________________________________.
11) The children didnt turn back from the school. ( yet )
_____________________________________________.
12) My father has just come in.
( one minute ago )
_____________________________________________.
13) Susan didnt spend her summer in Italy last year. ( never )
_____________________________________________.
D) Write sentences using present perfect or past simple tense
a) Mr Jones /work/ for my father /for 15 years.
b) Juliette /start/to teach at the school in 2009.
c) The girls /ask/ the teacher / some questions.
d) Christopher /want/to buy the iPod /yesterday.
e)Mathew /travel/ to Germany/ 3 weeks ago.
f)Hector /understand/ the problems/already.
g)Alice /drink/ a glass of orange juice.
h)She /not have/ wash/ her hair this morning.
i) Nuria /enjoy/ the school play/ last Saturday.
j) Lawrence/take/ the books /to the library.
E) Present perfect or simple past?
1.
I ___________ (see) the twins in town last week.
2.
_____________________(you/ever/meet) her brother?
3.
Where __________________(you/be) last weekend?
4.
______________ (you/see) Kathleen?
5.
We ________________ (not/go) on holiday last year.
6.
I love clothes. I ______________ (buy) a lot this year.
7.
What _____________ (you/do) last weekend?
8.
Dad ______________ (repair) the car, you can use it now.
9.
Agatha Christie _____________ (live) from 1890 to 1976.
10. Granny still _________________ (not/find) her glasses.
11. Where ______________ (you/buy) your laptop?
12. Oh! You ______________ (paint) the kitchen, I like the colour.
55

13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

What time _______________ (you/get) home last night?

Emma! Your letter ________________ (arrive) at last!
The weather ______________ (be) good all week.
I _______________ (finish) work early yesterday.
Sues not here, she _______________ (go) out.
The weather ____________ (not/be) very good last week.
We ______________ (be) to the cinema twice this month.
Brian ____________ (live) in England until the age of 14.

F) Match the beginnings with the correct endings:

1. I didnt browse
2. Have you ever left a cafe
3. Did you see
4. I lived in
5. Have you seen
6. My clock stopped
7. I have broken
8. He turned on
9. My watch has stopped
10. I read the book
11. We havent browsed
12. Did you leave a cafe
13. I have lived here
14. My father lost
15. I have read the book
16. He has lost
17. You have turned on
18. Did you have
19. He broke his leg
20. Have you had

a) I dont know the time.

b) the morning show yesterday?
c) his job now he is unemployed.
d) the Internet last week.
e) the radio five minutes ago.
f) Paris twenty years ago.
g) without paying?
h) the morning show this morning?
i) my leg skiing in the mountains.
j) when I was at school.
k) yesterday without paying?
l) at midnight.
m) it is very interesting.
n) the Internet since our computer broke.
o) since 1999.
p) his job in May.
q) in a skiing accident last year.
r) the telly, I cant hear anything.
s) your breakfast in the morning?
t) your dinner today?

~ All tense review ~

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER
1.- Lucy . to Australia by plane next month.
a) are going b) is going) c) goes
2.- Miriam . Maths at university ten years ago. a) study b) studied c) is studying
3.- Williams .swimming in the sea last Saturday. a)were b) was
c) werent
4.- Hector . good marks at the final exams.
a)get b)getting
c) got
5.- .. John .. his grandfather last night? a)do call
b)does ..call c)did call
6.- Sheila . the teacher some questions now.
a)ask
b)asked
c)is asking
7.- My father is than your father.
a)strong
b)the strongest c)stronger
8.-Elisa is as as her brother.
a)cleverer
b)clever
c)the
cleverest
9.-Silver is ... expensive than gold.
a)more
b)less
c)much
10.-The train is than the bus.
a)early
b)earlier
c)the earliest
56

11.-My team is very good. I think we .. win the next match.

a)will
b)are
c)wont
12.-My uncle on holidays tomorrow afternoon.
a)are going b)is going c)arent going
13.-Look! There are clouds in the sky. It .. rain soon.
a)wont b)will
c)is going to
14.-How do you go to school?
a)on foot b)the car
c) bus
15.-How .is a kilogram of apples?
a)many b) often
c)much
16.- a)The girls cats are white
b)The cats girl are white
c)The girls cats is white
17.-There arent .. cinemas here.
a)much
b)many
c)a little
18.- There isnt .. sugar in my tea.
a)many
b)much
c) a
19.-Does the boy wear uniform for school?
a)an
b)a
c)some
20.-The secretary .. all the letters yesterday.
a)send
b) is sending
c)sent
21.-Julio in this town for 20 years.
a)have lived b)has live
c)has lived
22.-Where your sister born?
a)was
b)were c)are
23.-I have just .. my homework.
a) finish b)finishing c)finished
24.-My dad . already .. home. a)have .. came
b) has.. come
c)has came
25.-My neighbours are noisy at weekends.
a)enough
b)too
26.-Thomas isnt . enough to reach the shelf.
a) short
b)tall
c) strong
27.-Charles .. up very early yesterday.
a) woke b)wakes c) is waking
28.-Mrs Dorrit ..... in my school since 1998.
a) have taught b)has taught
29.-The cinema isnt . the park.
a) near
b) far
c)between
30.-Roberto is very friendly. He has .. friends.
a)much
b)many c)little
31.-Im very thirsty.
a) Can I have a water?
b)Can you give me something to drink?
32-At 5,30 my friend Paul ..with his mum.
a)were shopping
b)wasnt shopping
33.-Patricia lost in the big city in 2011.
a)get
b)got c)is getting
34.-His father often . me a lift to work.
a)gives
b)giving
c)give
35.- a) I have never flown by helicopter
b)I have never fly by helicopter
36.-Probably . peace in the world soon.
a )there will be
b) there isnt
37.-Frederick . Law at university.
a) will studies
b)will study
c)wont studying
38.-If Sarah her leg, she wont play tennis.
a) hurt
b)hurts
c)hurting
39.-The student wont pass the exam unless he harder. a)study b) studying c)studies
40.-If the boy doesnt run fast, he .. win the race.
a) wont
b)will
c) dont
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE APPROPRIATE VERBAL TENSE.
1.- Josephine .. (eat) two bananas for lunch yesterday.
2.- My cat never ..(sleep) in my bed.
3.- Jim is a scientist. He .. (study) extreme weather.
4.- Have you ever been . (trap) in a lift?
5.- Police ..(look) for the missing child.
6.-Today is my mothers birthday, so I . (buy) her a good present.
7.- The children .. (swim) in the sea when it .. (start) to rain.
8.- Many students (wear) costumes for the festival.
9.- The tornado . (hit) the little town two years ago.
10.- We . (go) to take paper, bottles and cans to special recycling containers.
11.-They chose a name for the dog while they (walk) in the park.
12.- Patrick .. (learn) Spanish at school.
13.- Lorena and her father often . (go) to the National Museum on Saturday afternoon.
57

14.- Raymond .. just. (come) home.

15.- My brother .(be) angry with me because I .. (forget) his birthday.
16.- The exam was difficult because I (not study) the day before.
17.- I (give) you a prescription for your sore throat.
18.-Thomas .......... (find) the treasure if he asked his friends.
19.-.. you.. (do) the project yet?
20.-Margaret .. (not visit) her sister in London last month.
21.-If I were you, I .(not marry) Tony. He doesnt love you.

58

PRACTICE
past perfect simple/continuous
I. Write the past participle (3rd form) of the following irregular verbs.
1. speak 4. understand 2. catch 5. begin 3. eat II. Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (positive).
1. I lost the key that he (give) _____________________ to me.
2. She told me that she (see) ____________________ a ghost.
3. I went downstairs because I (hear) ___________________ a noise.
4. When they came home, Sue (cook) ___________________ dinner already.
5. We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) ___________________ our address book.
III. Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (negative).
1. The waiter served something that we (not / order) _______________________.
2. He went to Alaska where he (not / be) _______________________ before.
3. She put on the red dress, which she (not / wear) ___________________ for ages.
4. He (not / play) ________________________tennis before that day.
5. His mother was angry because he (not / help) _______________________ her with the shopping.
IV. Complete the questions in Past Perfect Simple.
1. (you / finish) your homework before you went to the cinema?
2. (why / you / clean) the bathroom before you bathed the dog?
3. (you / have) breakfast before you came here?
4. (she / find) a place to stay when she went to Boston?
5. (where / she / live) before she moved to Chicago?
V. Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect progressive).
1. We (sleep) ________________________ for 12 hours when he woke us up.
2. They (wait) ________________________ at the station for 90 minutes when the train finally arrived.
3. We (look for) _______________________ her ring for two hours and then we found it in the bathroom.
4. I (not / walk) ________________________ for a long time, when it suddenly began to rain.
5. How long (learn / she) ___________________ English before she went to London?
6. Frank Sinatra caught the flu because he (sing) ____________________ in the rain too long.
7. He (drive) ___________________________ less than an hour when he ran out of petrol.
8. They were very tired in the evening because they (help) ____________________ on the farm all day.
9. I (not / work) ______________________ all day; so I wasn't tired and went to the disco at night.
10. They (cycle) ______________________ all day so their legs were sore in the evening.
VI. Write the verbs in Past Perfect Simple.
1.
The pupils talked about the film they (watch) .
2.
I was late for work because I (miss) the bus.
3.
We lived in the house that my father (build) .
4.
We admired the picture that Lucy (paint) .
5.
They watered the trees that they (plant) .
6.
The teacher corrected the tests that the pupils (write) . .
7.
I received a good mark in my test because I (practise) ....... on ego4u.
8.
The mail order house did not send me the shirt that I (order) .. .
9.
I had to clean the floor because my cats (knock) ... over the flower pots.
10. My friend was in hospital because she (slip) .. on a banana skin

PRACTICE III
59

Present Perfect Simple / Continuous

Complete the sentences with correct form of the verbs. Use the Present Perfect Simple or Continuous. Use short
forms where possible.
1 How long _______flu? (have)
2 We _______the house all morning. (clean)
3 I _______abroad for a year, but now I'm going home. (live)
4 Ouch! I _______my finger on the oven!. (burn)
5 Alan _______French since September. (learn)
6 How long _______Jim? (you go out with)
Present Continuous / Present Perfect Continuous
Mr. Smith: So tell me a little bit about yourself, Mr. Harris. I would like to find out a little bit more about your
background.
Mr. Harris: I (work) _____________________________ in the insurance industry for over ten years. I worked for Met
Life for six years and World Insurance for four and a half. During that time, I heard many good things about Hollings
Life Insurance and that's why I (apply) __________________________________ for the new sales position.
Mr. Smith: Tell me a little about your hobbies and interests.
Mr. Harris: In my spare time, I hike in the mountains outside of town, volunteer at the Sierra Club and play tennis. In
fact, I (compete) ________________________________________ in a tennis tournament this weekend.
Mr. Smith: Really, how long (you, play) __________________________________ tennis?
Mr. Harris: I (play) ____________________________________ since high school. I love the sport.
Mr. Smith: Great! We like dedication here at Hollings Life. You mentioned you volunteer at the Sierra Club. I (work,
currently) _____________________________________ with them on the sea turtle project. We (try)
__________________________________ to create a wildlife sanctuary near the bay.
Mr. Harris: Do you know Frank Harris? He's my brother. He (work, presently) ____________________________ on
the same project.
Mr. Smith: I know Frank quite well. Any brother of Frank's would be a welcome addition to Hollings Life. Just one
more thing, we (look) ____________________________________ for somebody who is fluent in Spanish; many of
our clients are from Mexico.
Mr. Harris: No problem. I (study) _______________________________ Spanish since elementary school.
Mr. Smith: Sounds like you are the perfect candidate.
Present Continuous / Present Perfect Continuous
1. It (rain) _________________ all week. I hope it stops by Saturday because I want to go to the beach.
2. A: Where is Gary?
B: He (study, at the library) _______for his German test on Wednesday. In fact, he (review) ____________________
for the test every day for the last week.
3. You look really great! (You, exercise) __________________________ at the fitness center?
4. Frank, where have you been? We (wait) __________________________ for you since 1 P.M..
5.A: What is that sound?
B: A car alarm (ring) ___________________ somewhere down the street. It (drive) _____________________ me
crazy - I wish it would stop! It (ring) _____________________ for more than twenty minutes.
6. Joseph's English (improve, really) ________________________ , isn't it? He (watch)
____________________________ American television programs and (study) ______________________________
his grammar every day since he first arrived in San Diego. Soon he will be totally fluent.
7. A: You look a little tired. (You, get) ___________________________ enough sleep lately?
60

B: Yes, I (sleep) ____________________________ relatively well. I just look tired because I (feel)
______________________ a little sick for the last week.
A: I hope you feel better soon.
B: Thanks. I (take, currently) ________________________ some medicine, so I should feel better in a couple of
days.
Simple Past / Present Perfect
1. A: Did you like the movie "Star Wars"?
B: I don't know. I (see, never) _______that movie.
2. Sam (arrive) _______in San Diego a week ago.
3. My best friend and I (know) _______each other for over fifteen years. We still get together once a week.
4. Stinson is a fantastic writer. He (write) _______ten very creative short stories in the last year. One day, he'll be as
famous as Hemingway.
5. I (have, not) _______this much fun since I (be) _______a kid.
6. Things (change) _______a great deal at Coltech, Inc. When we first (start) _______working here three years ago,
the company (have, only) _______six employees. Since then, we (expand) _______to include more than 2000 fulltime workers.
7. I (tell) _______him to stay on the path while he was hiking, but he (wander) _______off into the forest and (be)
_______bitten by a snake.
8. Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss) _______the bus this morning. You (be) _______late to work too many
times. You are fired!
9. Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the coast, so he (see, never) _______the ocean. He
should come with us to Miami.
10. How sad! George (dream) _______of going to California before he died, but he didn't make it. He (see, never)
_______the ocean.
11. In the last hundred years, traveling (become) _______much easier and very comfortable. In the 19th century, it
(take) _______two or three months to cross North America by covered wagon. The trip (be) _______very rough and
often dangerous. Things (change) _______a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years. Now you can fly from New
York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours.
12. Jonny, I can't believe how much you (change) _______since the last time I (see) _______you. You (grow)
_______at least a foot!
13. This tree (be) _______planted by the settlers who (found) _______our city over four hundred years ago.
14. This mountain (be, never) _______climbed by anyone. Several mountaineers (try) _______to reach the top, but
nobody (succeed, ever) _______. The climb is extremely difficult and many people (die) _______trying to reach the
summit.
15. I (visit, never) _______Africa, but I (travel) _______to South America several times. The last time I (go)
_______to South America, I (visit) _______Brazil and Peru. I (spend) _______two weeks in the Amazon, (hike)
_______for a week near Machu Picchu, and (fly) _______over the Nazca Lines.
Simple Past / Present Perfect
Since computers were first introduced to the public in the early 1980's, technology (change) _______a great deal.
The first computers (be) _______simple machines designed for basic tasks. They (have, not) _______much memory
and they (be, not) _______very powerful. Early computers were often quite expensive and customers often (pay)
_______thousands of dollars for machines which actually (do) _______very little. Most computers (be)
_______separate, individual machines used mostly as expensive typewriters or for playing games.
Times (change) _______. Computers (become) _______powerful machines with very practical applications.
Programmers (create) _______a large selection of useful programs which do everything from teaching foreign
languages to bookkeeping. We are still playing video games, but today's games (become) _______faster, more
exciting interactive adventures. Many computer users (get, also) _______on the Internet and (begin)
_______communicating with other computer users around the world. We (start) _______to create international
communities online. In short, the simple, individual machines of the past (evolve) _______into an international World
Wide Web of knowledge.
Present Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous
61

1. A: How long (be) _______in Canada?

B: I (study) _______here for more than three years.
2. I (have) _______the same car for more than ten years. I'm thinking about buying a new one.
3. I (love) _______chocolate since I was a child. You might even call me a "chocoholic".
4. Matt and Sarah (have) _______some difficulties in their relationship lately, so they (go) _______to a marriage
counselor. I hope they work everything out.
5. John (work) _______for the government since he graduated from Harvard University. Until recently, he (enjoy)
_______his work, but now he is talking about retiring.
6. Lately, I (think) _______about changing my career because I (become) _______dissatisfied with the conditions at
my company.
7. I (see) _______Judy for more than five years and during that time I have (see) _______many changes in her
personality.
Simple Past / Past Perfect
I can't believe I (get)______________ that apartment. I (submit)__________________ my application last
week, but I didn't think I had a chance of actually getting it. When I (show)___________________ up to take a look
around, there were at least twenty other people who (arrive)__________________ before me. Most of them (fill,
already) _________________out their applications and were already leaving. The landlord said I could still apply, so I
did.
I (try)____________________ to fill out the form, but I couldn't answer half of the questions. They (want)
__________________________me to include references, but I didn't want to list my previous landlord because I
(have)_______________________ some problems with him and I knew he wouldn't recommend me. I
(end)______________________________ up listing my father as a reference.
It was total luck that he (decide) _____________________ to give me the apartment. It turns out that the
landlord and my father (go) ______________________ to high school together. He decided that I could have the
apartment before he (look)___________________ at my credit report. I really lucked out!
Past Perfect / Past Perfect Continuous
I'm sorry I left without you last night, but I told you to meet me early because the show started at 8:00. I (try)
______________________ to get tickets for that play for months, and I didn't want to miss it. By the time I finally left
the coffee shop where we were supposed to meet, I (have) ______________________ five cups of coffee and I
(wait) __________________ over an hour. I had to leave because I (arrange)____________________ to meet
Kathy in front of the theater.
When I arrived at the theater, Kathy (pick, already) ___________________ up the tickets and she was waiting for us
near the entrance. She was really angry because she (wait) ______________________ for more than half an hour.
She said she (give, almost) ___________________ up and (go) ________________ into the theater without us.
Kathy told me you (be) _______________________ late several times in the past and that she would not make plans
with you again in the future. She mentioned that she (miss) ______________________ several movies because of
your late arrivals. I think you owe her an apology. And in the future, I suggest you be on time!

62

Tense follow up
Present Simple & Continuous
1. Tradu:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.

Iarna ninge.
Duminica el nu se scoala devreme.
Eu nu studiez seara.
Ce faci? Citesti sau privesti la televizor?
Secretara tocmai bate la masina un referat.
Ea merge la cumparaturi smbata.
Acum imi fac temele la engleza.
Nu-mi place cafeaua.
Ce carte citesti?
La ce ora se scoala John dimineata?
Ce faci tu in zilele libere?
Cui ii telefonezi?
El nu merge la scoala cu metroul, merge pe jos.
De ce deschizi fereastra?
Adesea citesc carti englezesti.
Ea isi face bagajul.
2. Verbul la forma correct:
1. I __________ (read) a very interesting book now.
2. Joanne __________ (work) eight hours a day.
3. Tonight we __________ (see) a play at the theatre.
4. Who __________ you __________ (speak) to now?
5. I __________ (not know) him very well.
6. What will you do if she __________ (come) late?
7. My wife __________ (like) coffee for breakfast.
8. What __________ Tom usually __________(have) for breakfast?
9. Your train __________ (leave) at 17.25 from platform 3.
10. What __________ Mary __________ (do) ? She's a student.
11. My whole family _____________(go) to church once a week.
12. My wife and I _______________(go) to the beach in the summer.
13. Listen! The phone ______________(ring) in the other room.
14. Rain seldom ______________(fall) in the Sahara.
15. He is thirteen years old now, and his voice ___________________(change).
16. Let's change the conversation. It _______________(get) too serious.
17. Leap year ________________(come) every four years.
18. My grandfather ______________(grow) tomatoes in his garden this summer.
19. He ______________(grow) them every summer .
20. The children ____________________(leave) for school right now.
21. The children ________________(leave) at 8:30 every morning of the week.
22. Shu! The baby ____________________(take) her nap.
23. In the north the season __________________(change) four times a year .
24. Unfortunately, the patient ____________________ (die).
25. The monsoon ___________________(come) once or twice a year.
26. It's spring and the days ___________________(get) longer.
27. The weather ___________(get) very cold in Moscow in the winter.
28. It _______________(rain) hard, and I don't have an umbrella.
29. It's November and the birds _________________(fly) south.
30. Many birds of Europe ___________(fly) south to Africa every winter.
63

Past Simple & Continuous:

3.Verbul la forma corect:
1. When you (come in), I (talk) on the phone.
2. When I first (meet) him, he (work) in a bank.
3. While he (learn) to drive, he (have) an accident.
4. As I (write), someone (ring up).
5. Where you (go) when I (meet) you?
6. What you (do) this time yesterday?
7. When I (enter) the classroom, the teacher (write) on the blackboard.
8. When I (arrive), she (have) dinner.
9. This time last Sunday, I (watch) a film on TV.
10. He suddenly (realize) that he (not wear) his glasses.
4. Tradu:
1. Soarele nu a apus la ora 8 aseara.
2. Ai dormit bine noaptea trecuta?
3. Ieri nu am mers la bazinul de inot.
4. M-am sculat trziu ieri dimineata.
5. Duminica trecuta prietenii mei au jucat sah.
6. Ieri pe vremea asta ploua.
7. Ce faceai martea trecuta la ora 7 dimineata?
8. Ma pregateam sa merg la facultate.
9. In timp ce imi cautam pasaportul am gasit aceasta fotografie veche.
10. Baietii jucau carti cnd l-au auzit pe tatal lor intrnd in casa.
11. Ei au ascuns imediat cartile si si-au scos manualele de scoala.
12. Cnd te-ai intors de la munte?
13. Cnd ai cumparat acest televizor?
14. Ieri mi-am pierdut manusile.
15. Batea un vnt puternic cnd am iesit din casa.
16. Unde ti-ai petrecut concediul vara trecuta?
17. Ieri m-am sculat devreme, mi-am luat micul dejun si apoi am plecat la scoal.
18. Acum doua zile am cazut si mi-am rupt piciorul.
19. Saptamna trecuta am fost bolnav si nu am mers la scoala.
20. El a dat primul examen saptamna trecuta.
21. Cine a cstigat meciul alaltieri?
22. In timp ce ploua, eu conduceam masina spre Sinaia.
Present Perfect Simple & Continuous:
5. Present Perfect Simple sau Continuous sau Past Tense Simple in locul infinitivelor:
1. I (lose) my pen. You (not see) it anywhere? -No, I havent. When you (use) it last?
2. Your ever (try) to give up smoking? -Yes, I (try) last year but I (not succeed).
3. You (see) your mother this week? -No, she (leave) for Brasov a week ago.
4. You (be) out of work long?
5. I am not out of work now. I (get) a job last month.
6. I (wear) my hair long since I (be) a little girl.
7. She (change) a lot since I (see) her last.
8. I (do) a lot of work since I (get up) in the morning.
9. The child (play) the piano since I (return) from school.
10. It (rain) since we (leave) Bucharest.
11. He (be) very ill since the holidays (begin).
6. Tradu:
1. Cine te-a invatat sa vorbesti engleza att de bine?
2. Unde ti-ai petrecut vacanta anul acesta?
64

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.

M-am gndit adesea sa-mi iau carnet de conducere.

De ct timp inveti engleza?
Vremea s-a incalzit in ultimul timp.
El este ministru de doi ani.
Traduc un text de doua ore si nu l-am terminat inca.
El a scris numai doua scrisori de cnd a plecat in strainatate.
Un copil a spart geamul. Trebuie sa-l inlocuim.
Ninge de doua ore.
Am mers pe jos 10 km pna acum.
Mergem pe jos de la ora 3.
De cnd mi-am cumparat masina, am mers arareori pe jos la slujba.
La ce te-ai uitat?
A fost un accident.
Cu cine ai votat la ultimele alegeri?
Nu am mers la vot. Am stat acasa si nu am regretat nici o clipa.
Ai vazut ziarul de azi?
A plecat John?
Da, a plecat acum o ora.
Ti-ai luat deja micul dejun?
Da, l-am luat la ora 8.
Ai mai fost in acest oras?
Da, am petrecut o luna aici, acum doi ani.
Ei lucreaza la aceasta casa de un an si nu au terminat-o inca.
Past Perfect Simple & Continuous
7. Verbele la Past Perfect Simple sau Continuous sau la Past Tense Simple:
1. The professor (speak) for 10 minutes when I (enter) the hall.
2. After John (listen to) the news bulletin, he (go) downstairs to have dinner.
3. He (tell) me he (be) to the theatre the day before.
4. We (ask) him what countries he (visit).
5. He (learn) English for two years before he (go) to England for the first time.
6. She just (go) out when I (call at) her house.
7. The river became deeper after it (rain) heavily for a few hours.
8. After John (leave), she (tell) me they (be) friends for five years.
9. After we (walk) for an hour, we (realize) we (lose) our way.
10. When I (find out) he (get married), I (ring up) him and (congratulate) him.
8. Tradu folosind Past Perfect Simple sau Continuous sau Past Tense Simple:
1. Mi-a parut rau ca il jignisem.
2. El mi-a multumit pentru ceea ce facusem pentru el.
3. De indata ce a terminat de scris lucrarea, a inmnat-o profesorului.
4. El nu facuse nimic inainte de a-mi cere mie sfatul.
5. De indata ce au plecat musafirii, am mers la culcare.
6. Cnd am ajuns la statia de autobuz, mi-am dat seama ca imi lasasem poseta acasa.
7. Secretara mi-a spus ca directorul vorbea la telefon de o jumatate de ora.
8. Ei mi-au spus ca locuiau in Franta din 1980.
9. Nu ti-am telefonat pentru ca am crezut ca plecasesi in strainatate.
10. Ei au calatorit in multe tari dupa ce s-au casatorit.

65

Practise on Future Tenses

Will / Be Going To
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses
1. A: Why are you holding a piece of paper?
B: I (write)..a letter to my friends back home in Texas.
2. A: I'm about to fall asleep. I need to wake up!
B: I (get)..you a cup of coffee. That will wake you up.
3. A: I can't hear the television!
B: I (turn)it up so you can hear it.
4. We are so excited about our trip next month to France. We (visit)
Paris, Nice and Grenoble.
5. Sarah (come) .. to the party. Oliver (be) there as
well.
6. Ted: It is so hot in here!
Sarah: I (turn) .. the air-conditioning on.
7. I think he (be) . the next President of the United States.
8. After I graduate, I (attend) . medical school and become a doctor. I
have wanted to be a doctor all my life.
9. A: Excuse me, I need to talk to someone about our hotel room. I am afraid it is simply too small for four people.
B: That man at the service counter (help) you.
10. As soon as the weather clears up, we (walk) . down to the beach and go swimming
Simple Future / Future Continuous
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses
1.
Sandra: Where is Tim going to meet us?
Marcus: He (wait) for us when our train arrives. I am sure he (stand)
on the platform when we pull into the station.
Sandra: And then what?
Marcus: We (pick) Michele up at work and go out to dinner.
2.
Ted: When we get to the party, Jerry (watch) .. TV, Sam (make) ..
drinks, Beth (dance) .. by herself, and Thad (complain)
about his day at work.
Robin: Maybe, this time they won't be doing the same things.
Ted: I am absolutely positive they (do) .. the same things; they always do the same things.
3.
Florence: Oh, look at that mountain of dirty dishes! Who (wash) . all of those?
Jack: I promise I (do) . them when I get home from work.
Florence: Thanks.
Jack: When you get home this evening, that mountain will be gone and nice stacks of sparkling clean dishes (sit)
in the cabinets.
4.
Doug: If you need to contact me next week, I (stay) at the Hoffman Hotel.
Nancy: I (call) you if there are any problems.
66

Doug: This is the first time I have ever been away from the kids.
Nancy: Don't worry, they (be) .. fine.
5.
Samantha: Just think, next week at this time, I (lie) . on a tropical beach in Maui
drinking Mai Tais and eating pineapple.
Darren: While you are luxuriating on the beach, I (stress) .. out over this
marketing project. How are you going to enjoy yourself knowing that I am working so hard?
Samantha: I 'll manage somehow.
Darren: You're terrible. Can't you take me with you?
Samantha: No. But I (send) .. you a postcard of a beautiful, white sand
beach.
Darren: Great, that (make) .. me feel much better
Simple Present / Simple Future
Present Continuous / Future Continuous
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
1. Right now, I am watching TV. Tomorrow at this time, I (watch) TV as
well.
2. Tomorrow after school, I (go) to the beach.
3. I am going on a dream vacation to Tahiti. While you (do) paperwork and (talk)
. to annoying customers on the phone, I (lie)
on a sunny, tropical beach. Are you jealous?
4. We (hide) when Tony (arrive) ..at his
surprise party. As soon as he opens the door, we (jump) . out and (scream)
, "Surprise!"
5. We work out at the fitness center every day after work. If you (come) .. over while we
(work) .. out, we will not be able to let you into the house. Just to be
safe, we (leave) a key under the welcome mat so you will not have to wait
outside.
6. While you (study) at home, Magda (be) .. in class.
7. When I (get) .. to the party, Sally and Doug (dance)
, John (make) . drinks, Sue and Frank
(discuss) .. something controversial, and Mary (complain)
. about something unimportant. They are always doing the same things.
They are so predictable.
8. When you (get) off the plane, I (wait) for
you.
9. I am sick of rain and bad weather! Hopefully, when we (wake) . up
tomorrow morning, the sun (shine) ...
10. If you (need) to contact me sometime next week, I (stay)
. at the Sheraton in San Francisco.
Simple Future / Future Perfect
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
1.
Margaret: Do you think everything will be finished when I get back from the store?
Jerry: Don't worry. By the time you get back, I (pick) . up the living room and (finish)
67

. washing the dishes. Everything will be perfect when your parents arrive.
Margaret: I hope so. They (arrive) .. around 6 o'clock.
Jerry: Everything (be) . spotless by the time they get here.
2.
Nick: I just have two more courses before I graduate from university. By this time next year, I (graduate)
.. , and I will already be looking for a job.
Stacey: Does that scare you? Are you worried about the future?
Nick: Not really. I (go) . to a career counselor and get some advice on how to find a good
job.
Stacey: That's a good idea.
Nick: I am also going to do an internship so that when I leave school, I (complete, not only) ..
over 13 business courses, but I (work, also) . in the real world.
3.
Stan: Did you hear that Christine (take) a vacation in South America this winter?
Fred: I can't believe how often she goes abroad. Where exactly does she want to go?
Stan: She (visit) . Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador.
Fred: At this rate, she (visit) every country in the world by the time she's 50.
4.
Judy: How long have you been in Miami?
Elaine: I have only been here for a couple of weeks.
Judy: How long do you plan on staying?
Elaine: I love Miami, so I (stay) . here for an extended period of time. When I go back home, I
(be) here for more than three months.
Judy: Wow, that's quite a vacation! You (see, definitely) just about everything there is to see in
Miami by then.
5.
Jane: I can't believe how late we are! By the time we get to the dinner, everyone (finish, already)
.. eating.
Jack: It's your own fault. You took way too long in the bathroom.
Jane: I couldn't get my hair to look right.
Jack: Who cares? By the time we get there, everyone (leave) . Nobody (see, even)
. your hair.

68

IF CLAUSE
Fraza condiional de tipul 1
O fraz condiional de tipul 1 se refer la o condiie posibil n viitor i la rezultatul
probabil al acesteia. Ea implic obinerea unui anumit rezultat prin indeplinirea unei condiii
date. Folosim timpul prezent in subordonata condiionala(pentru exprimarea condiiei) si viitorul
in propoziia principal (pentru exprimarea rezultatului).
PROPOZIIA PRINCIPAL
PROPOZIIA CONDIIONAL
SIMPLE FUTURE

SIMPLE PRESENT

He will pass the exam

if he studies.

El va lua examenul

dac va nva.

Fraza condiional de tipul 2

O fraz condiional de tipul 2 se refer la o condiie improbabil sau ipotetic i la
rezultatul probabil al acesteia. Folosim acest tip de condiional pentru a exprima o situaie
imaginar contrar realitii prezente sau pentru a exprima o situaie improbabil intr-un
moment viitor. Folosim timpul trecut in condiional i Condiionalul prezent in propoziia
principal.
PROPOZIIA PRINCIPAL
PROPOZIIA CONDIIONAL
PRESENT CONDITIONAL

SIMPLE PAST

He would pass the exam

if he studied.

El ar lua examenul

dac ar nva.

Fraza condiional de tipul 3

O fraz condiional de tipul 3 se refer la o condiie ireal trecut si exprim o situaie
imaginar sau contrar realitii intr-un moment trecut. Folosim mai mult ca perfectul in
subordonat si condiionalul perfect in regent.
PROPOZIIA PRINCIPAL
PROPOZIIA CONDIIONAL
PERFECT CONDITIONAL

SIMPLE PAST PERFECT

He would have passed the if he had studied.

exam
El ar fi luat examenul
dac ar fi nvat.
Exemplul de mai sus se refer la o situaie contrar realitii trecute el nu a nvat, deci nu ia luat examenul

69

PRACTICE
I. Fill in the best form of the verb/phrase to make conditionals types 0/1/2/3.
1.- I dont think shes worried about us. If she (be) worried, she (phone) or something.
2.- I have an appointment at 3.30 tomorrow. If I (manage) to finish before 4.30, I (do) the shopping on my way back.
3.- Tom missed his flight. He (get) to the airport on time if he (not oversleep).
4.- If I (have) such a large house as yours, I (invite) all my friends for the weekend.
5.- If the child (not be playing) with matches, he (not burn) himself. Now hes in hospital.
6.- Shes so shy. If she (talk) to people, she (make) friends.
7.- So, youre seeing Terry tonight. If he (ask) you about me, (not, tell) him Im going out with John.
8.- If a machine (be) properly maintained, it (fail, never)
9.- We (invite) him if we (know) his address, but he never gave it to us.
10.- Unless I (have) a problem, I (bother, never) my friends.
11.- Youre very strong. If you (try) you (win) your opponent.
12.- Look what youve done. If you (be) careful, you (not, break) all those glasses.
13.- I was so stupid! Nothing (happened) if I (not, moved) to his flat.
14.- Shes a bit short. If she (be) taller she (can) play basket.
15.- Sorry. I (lend) you the money you need if I (have) it.
16.- The bus is full up. If there (be) an empty seat, I (sit) down.
17.- Why didnt you go to the police station? If you (report) the theft, they (can arrest) the robbers.
18.- I (leave) him a message but he (not, be) home when I phoned.
II. Circle the right option:
1.- If we take / will take a taxi, we will arrive / arrived sooner.
2.- You wouldnt get / didnt get wet if you would have worn / were wearing a coat.
3.- If our team had scored / scored more goals, it had won / could have won.
4.- I had given / would have given you the news if you phoned / had phoned me yesterday.
5.- If you took / would have taken more exercise, you might feel / had felt better
6.- If Tim drove / had driven more carefully, he wouldnt have crashed / didnt crash.
7.- If we are/would be late for class, our teacher will be / was angry.
8.- If we lived / would live on another planet, we would see / will see the Earth in the sky.
9.- If we were / are birds, we would be able / are able to fly.
10.- If you dont wear / wouldnt wear your pullover, you will feel / felt cold.
11.- If I had / would have lots of money, I would give / gave some to all my friends.
12.- If I had known / would know it was your birthday, I would sen / would have sent you a card.
13.- If you had come / came to seen the film, you would have enjoyed/ had enjoyed it.
III. Complete with the correct form to form conditional sentences:
1. If Dave _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (not, invite) me to his birthday party, I would feel disappointed.
2. If I hadnt got up earlier, I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (miss) my flight to Vienna.
3. We _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (stay) at home if it snows tomorrow.
4. If we _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (earn) enough money, well buy a new hi-fi system.
5. What would you do if you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (get) lost in a forest at night?
6. Kevin wouldnt have moved to Britain if he _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (find) a decent job here.
7. If I knew Dianas address, I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (send) her a valentine card.
8. What _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (Jane, do) if she fails the university entrance examination?
9. If Johns parents _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (know) French, they could help him with his project.
10. If Finn _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (apologize) to me, I would have forgiven him.
11. My cousin would play video games all day long if his parents _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (allow) him to.
12. If Emma _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (not, feel) better tomorrow, she should see a doctor.
70

13. Who _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (you, choose) if you could take one friend to go to Disneyland with you?
14. Kate _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (call) you if she had known you were ill.
15. If you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (be) cold, you can put on warm socks and a bathrobe.
16. James would buy his wife a BMW if he _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (be) richer.
17. If Barbara and Paul _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (spend) more time together their marriage would have lasted longer.
18. My parents _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (buy) me a new MP3 player if I pass my final exams.
19. If my team _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (lose) the match, we will fall to the second division.
20. If the concert _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (finish) earlier, I would have taken the 10.30 bus.
IV. Fill in the gaps with the type 2 conditional sentences.
1. If my children ________ (like) raw fruit, I _________ (not / need) to boil it.
2. The road traffic _______ (flow) if there _______ (be) some policemen.
3. Communication _____ (not / be) so easy if there ____ (not / be) for the Internet.
4. If the cardigan __________ (not / be) so expensive, I _________ (buy) it.
5. If I __________ (not / have) a computer, I ___________ (borrow) one.
6. If the dress __________ (not / be) so tight, I __________ (wear) it tonight.
7. If I ________ (not / like) chocolate so much, I _________ (give) you this piece.
8. If you ______ (be) more understanding, we could have a better relationship.
9. If you __________ (turn) the TV on, we __________ (wake up) our neighbours.
10. We ________ (visit) the Eiffel Tower if we _________ (go) to Paris.
11. If I _____ (be) you, I ______ (apply) for the job.
12. If Ann _______ (apply) for the job, she ________ (get) it.
V. Fill in the gaps so as to build correct type 3 conditional sentences.
1. If you _________ (have) some protection, you _________ (damage) your eyes.
2. It ______ (be) impossible to enter the building if the porter _____ (not / be) there.
3. If the flight hadnt been delayed, my boss __________ (arrive) on time to the meeting.
4. If the driver ________ (stop) at the red sign, I _________ (not / have) the accident.
5. I __________ (eat) the soup if it __________ (not / be) so salty.
6. If the thieves __ (rob) the whole jewellery store, the owners would have been ruined.
7. If you ________ (take) your umbrella, you ________ (not / catch) a cold.
8. I __________ (manage) to escape the storm if I __________ (be) more cautious.
9. The burglars ______ (escape) to a foreign country if the police ____ (not / catch) them.
10. If you _______ (learn) to play the piano, you could have participated in the contest.
11. If you ______ (study) more, you ______ (get) a better mark.
12. There _____ (be) a fight if the police ________ (not / arrive) in time.
VI. Fill in the blanks with either second or third conditional.
1. You ____________ (notice) my new haircut if you had been more attentive.
2. If you _____________ (enjoy) modern art, we could visit the new exhibition.
3. If you had eaten at lunch, you ______________ (not / be) so hungry now.
4. If there were an ashtray in the house, we _____________ (not / need) to go to the balcony to smoke a cigarette.
5. I would apply for the job if I ____________ (know) how to write an application letter.
6. If I _____________ (go) to the job interview, I might have got the job.
7. You would need to find another job if you _____________ (move) to a new town.
8. I would exercise twice a day if I _____________ (have) more time.
9. If the T-shirt _____________ (not / be) so loose, I would wear it.
10. If the factory ______________ (not / close), many workers wouldnt be unemployed.
11. If there hadnt been for the snow, most European airports ___ (not / close) during Christmas time.
12. If there wasnt for the fire, we _______________ (freeze) to death.
13. I would eat your adorable meatloaf if I _____________ (not / be) a vegetarian.
71

14. If you _______________ (teach) me how to dance, I would learn it fast.

72

INTERIM EVAL 1
PART 1 - Reading Comprehension
Hot dog eating champion retains title after tiebreaker
Friday, July 4, 2008
For the second year in a row, American competitive eater Joey Chestnut defeated his Japanese
rival Takeru Kobayashi at the annual Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest in New York City, after a tie
forced a five-hot-dog eat-off to be held.
After ten minutes of hot dog eating, two shorter than in previous years, Chestnut and Kobayashi
were tied at 59 frankfurters. But after the rare tiebreaker, 24-year-old Chestnut emerged as the winner,
claiming a $10,000 prize and a mustard-yellow belt. "It was crazy," he said. "I'm just a normal guy eating
hot dogs on the Fourth. You can't overcomplicate it."
Kobayashi, whose loss last year shattered a six-year winning streak, said that a sore jaw and a
tooth problem may have altered his performance. "If I put one more mouthful in, I could have won", the
30-year-old Nagano native said through a translator. "I lost because I wasn't quick enough in the
rematch."
This year, the 22 competitors were under a 10-minute time limit, unlike the 12 minutes used for
previous contests. The reason for this, according to Nathan's, was the discovery of a document from 1916,
which revealed that the original competition was 10 minutes long.
Thousands gathered at Coney Island to watch the annual event, which has become one of the more
colorful traditions of America's Independence Day.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Who won the contest last year?

A. Takeru Kobayashi
B. Joey Chestnut
C. First there was a tie, then Chestnut
won
D. The text does not say
Who came second last year?
A. Takeru Kobayashi
B. Joey Chestnut
C. Somebody else
D. The text does not say
How long was the competition this year?
A. 10 minutes
B. 12 minutes
C. More than 10 minutes
D. The text does not say
How long was the competition last year?
A. 8 minutes
B. 10 minutes
C. 12 minutes
D. The text does not say
How many hot dogs did Joey Chestnut eat in
the whole of the final?
A. 59
B. 64
C. Between 59 and 64
D. The text does not say
How many hot dogs did Takeru Kobayashi
eat in the whole of the final?
A. 59
B. 64
C. Between 59 and 64

D. The text does not say

Who won the contest two years ago and in
the five years before that?
A. Takeru Kobayashi
B. Joey Chestnut
C. Somebody else
D. The text does not say
8. How long was the contest in 1916?
A. Under 10 minutes
B. 10 minutes
C. 12 minutes
D. The text does not say
9. Where is Takeru Kobayashi from?
A. Coney Island
B. Nagano
C. New York
D. None of the above
10. Where is Joey Chestnut from?
A. Coney Island
B. Nagano
C. New York
D. None of the above
11. On what occasion is the contest held?
A. Coney Island's birthday
B. The discovery of a document in
1916
C. Independence Day
D. None of the above
12. Which sentence is true for Kobayashi?
A. He said he had health problems
after the contest
B. He didn't speak English
7.

73

C. He said the rematch wasn't fair

D. None of the above

PART 2 Grammar and Vocabulary

1. I am not making much money ..
a) these days
b) so far this year
c) presently
d) lately
2. At the moment she is going out with Keith and
they . very happy together.
a) are seeming
b) should seem
c) seem
d) are likely to seem
3. I .what you..now. He .he should get a
second chance.
a) 'm seeing, mean, is thinking
b) see, are meaning, thinks
c) see, mean, thinking
d) see, mean, thinks
4. You .me! I'm afraid I with you.
a) astonish, am agreeing
b) are astonishing, disagree
c) astonish, disagree
d) are astonishing, 'm disagreeing
5. I hope this trip .. too expensive for us.
a) is not going to be
b) is not to be
c) won't be
d) should not be
6. By the end of the week we .. where to go.
a) have decided
b) must have decided
c) will decide
d) will have decided
7. Maybe by the time we get to the theatre.....
a) the play will already started.
b) the play will already have started.
c) the play has already started
d) the play already started.
8. I haven't seen any work yet. I suppose I some
day.
a) am going to
b) shall
c) am seeing
d) 'll have
9. Last night my neighbours . for hours and I
couldn't get to sleep.
a) were shouting
b) would shout
c) used to shout
d) did shout
10. They really our cousins, but we .them
a) weren't, had always loved
b) had not been, always loved
c) weren't, have always loved

d) aren't, had always loved

11. I .him yesterday evening. I ..him for ages.
a) had seen, didn't see
b) saw, haven't seen
c) saw, didn't see
d) saw, hadn't seen
12. It ... as nice on the terrace as my sister but
we were definitely enjoying the evening.
a) had not been, expected
b) was not, expected
c) was not, had expected
d) hadn't need, was expecting
13. I can't believe it! Smith . money from the till all
this time!
a) stole
b) has stolen
c) has been stealing
d) was stealing
14. It's incredible! Julia .. for a pay-rise three times
this year.
a) has asked
b) have been asking
c) did ask
d) would ask
15. On the news this morning: The two banks
plans to merge next year.
a) announced
b) have announced
c) are announcing
d) have been announcing
16. .the latest? She's leaving her husband and
going to live in Italy.
a) Did you hear
b) Did you know
c) Have you heard
d) Do you know
17. Luckily by the time we got there the painting

a) hadn't been sold

b) wasn't sold
c) hasn't been sold
d) wasn't going to be sold
18. No one knew that Paul in the investigation
since the very beginning.
a) will be involved
b) had been involved
c) has involved
d) can be involved
19. If necessary, take a taxi.
a) it would be
b) it might be
c) it was
d) 0

74

20. you see Anna, could you ask her to call me?
a) If only
b) Unless
c) Should
d) Would
21. ..the problem, he those stupid
questions.
a) If he understands, wouldn't ask
b) If he had understood, weren't asking
c) Had he understood, wouldn't have asked
d) Should he understand, needn't have asked
22. Surely you are not . Jane Fonda, are you?
a) the
b) 0
c) very
d) the one
23. You never say what you're thinking, you?
a) don't
b) do
c) haven't
d) are
24. You'll be leaving for Venice soon,..?
a) aren't you
b) won't you
c) don't you
d) shall you
25. Sean Connery was awarded a knighthood in
recognition ... his work and charity.
a) to
b) of
c) for
d) at
26. the time I got there, I found out that the
tickets were sold out.
a) On
b) By
c) In
d) At
27. I can't understand why he is always dispute
with his wife.
a) on
b) at
c) in
d) of
28. The new play didn't come expectation.
a) to
b) up against
c) up to
d) about
29. Deanna broke and wept when she heard the
bad news.
a) out
b) off
c) up
d) down

30. Alex earns very little as a classical pianist, . his

brother's pop musicals have made millions.
a) compared with
b) whereas
c) in spite of
d) since
31. The of better living conditions in Europe
has long been a desire for most of the countries.
a) necessity
b) congregation
c) association
d) concomitance
32. The country longs to be free of colonial.
a) dominance
b) domination
c) dominion
d) domain
33. The king enjoyed a long ., and was .by his
daughter Elizabeth.
a) kingship, sequenced
b) realm, followed
c) reign, succeeded
d) living, tracked
34. I woke up screaming after having a terrible......
a) nightfall
b) nightshift
c) midnight
d) nightmare
35. She's a sociable girl with lots of friends. she
can get lonely, like anyone else.
a) Even so
b) Furthermore
c) To some extent
d) In the first place
36. No-one can find Helen or her son ..
a) somewhere
b) nowhere
c) anywhere
d) everywhere
37. We lived the next village.
a) far from
b) far away
c) off from
d) farther of
38. She felt .about leaving him
a) pretty badly
b) pretty bad
c) rather badly
d) badly enough
39. They feel very lonely. They talk to a lot.
a) each other
b) one another
c) themselves
d) them
40. people like the sea; others prefer the
mountains.

75

a) Them
b) Every
c) Any
d) Some
41. I'd like to see the old house, she told me
about when we last met.
a) that
b) who
c) which
d) of which
42. Here's the money, you can go and buy ..a car.
a) for youself
b) on yourself
c) yourself
d) to yourself
43. So far researchers have not ... a way to fight the
virus.
a) finded
b) find
c) founded
d) found
44. She took two quick steps forward and him
across the mouth.
a) stroked
b) stroke
c) struck

d) striked
45. Pacific Ocean is.largest body of water
on.Earth.
a) 0, the, 0
b) 0, the, the
c) The, 0, 0
d) The, the, 0
46. .football was fast becoming .popular sport
worldwide.
a) The, a
b) 0, the
c) The, the
d) 0, a
47. The head of the party said he the behaviour
of the demonstrators.
a) offended
b) reproached
c) stressed
d) deplored
48. The old railway line has been as far as the
new airport.
a) extended
b) expanded
c) enlarged
d) augmented

76

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

CND ESTE DIATEZA PASIV FOLOSIT?
Folosim diateza pasiv atunci cnd:
(A) Autorul este necunoscut:
(i)
My mobile has been stolen. (= Someone has stolen my mobile)
(ii)
The first tools were made in Africa two million years ago. (= People made the
first tools in Africa two million years ago.)
(B) Aciunea sau cel care suport aciunea sunt mai importante dect autorul:
(i)
Income tax was introduced in England in 1798.
(ii)
The Prime Minister was given a warm welcome.
(C) Este evident cine sau ce a fcut aciunea:
(i)
The thief has been arrested. (By the police)
(ii)
The meeting is called off. (By the management)
(iii)
The new law of income tax is introduced. (By the government)
REGULI PENTRU A TRANSFORMA DIN ACTIV N PASIV

(A) Doar verbele tranzitive (cele care primesc un complement pentru a le ntregi sensul) pot fi
puse la diatez pasiv. Ex.
(i)
She ate an apple. (=vb. tranzitiv) An apple was eaten by her.
(ii)
The tree grows. (=vb. intranzitiv) Cant be changed into passive.

(B) Se schimb locul subiectului i al complementului.

Exemple:

Active Sentence:

Greg painted the gate just now.

Subject: The person

who did the action.

Passive Sentence:

Active
Verb

Object: The thing that

received the action

The gate was painted by Greg just now.

Subject: The thing that

received the action

Passive
Verb

Object: The person

who did the action.

(C) Cnd se tranform propoziia din activ n pasiv se modific i structura predicatului:
NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

TENSE
Simple Present Tense
Simple Past Tense
Simple Future Tense
Present Continuous Tense
Past Continuous Tense
Future Continuous Tense
Present Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Tense
Future Perfect Tense

ACTIVE
Write/s
wrote
Will write
Is/am/are writing
Was/were writing
Will be writing
Has/have written
Had written
Will have written
77

PASSIVE
Is/am/are + written
Was/were + written
Will + be + written
Is/am/are + being + written
Was/were + being + written
Will be writing (No Changes)
Has/have + been + written
Had + been + written
Will + have + been + written

10
11

Infinitive Form
Modal Auxiliary

12
13
14
15

Imperative Sentences
Sentences with LET
Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous

To write
May/might/shall/should
+ write
Write that letter
Let her write a letter
It is said
Everyone predicts that...

To + be + written
May/might/shall/should + be
+ written
Let + that letter + be + written
Let + that letter + be + written
He is said to
It is predicted that

(D) Conjuncii ca by, with, to, in etc. apar n faa complementelor (de agent) n diateza
pasiv. Exemple:
(i)
A saw cut the tree. (Active)
The tree was cut with a saw. [cram, crowd, decorate, fill, flood throng]
(ii)
I know him. (Active)
He is known to me. (Passive)
(iii)
This rack contains 200 books. (Active)
200 books are contained in this rack. (Passive)
(iv)
Nila wrote a nice letter. (Active)
A nice letter was written by Nila. (Passive)

(E) Uneori propoziia la diatez pasiv nu precizezaz cine face aciunea (subiectul). Prin
urmare, atunci cnd tranformm n activ aproximm cine ar putea fi autorul aciunii.
Example:
(i)
Our house was broken into last night. (Passive)
Some burglars broke into our house last night. (Active)

(F) Verbe cu dou complemente:

Uneori cte un verb la diatez activ (ex. give) primete dou complemente:
A witness gave the police some information. (Active)
1

Oricare complement poate ndeplini rolul de subiect al propoziiei la diatez pasiv:

The police were given some information by a witness. (Passive)
-- (A)
2

Some information was given to the police by a witness. (Passive)

--- (B)

Not: De obicei se profer varianta n care subiectul este o persoan i nu un lucru, prin
urmare varianta A este preferat n cazul exemplului de mai sus.

(G) Atunci cnd folosim adverbe de timp, mod sau frecven de obicei acestea apar dup primul
auxiliar al predicatului, de ex.
1. We are always taught to be kind and honest.
2. Shyam and Raju have seldom been seen at the gym.
3. The carpets are often put out to air in the sun.

(H) Cnd se transform o locuiune verbal (verb + preposition OR verb + adverb) din activ n
pasiv este important s nu omitem adverbul sau prepoziia care intr n structura acestuia,
de ex:
A. Coca Cola took over the brand Thumbs up in the last decade of 20th century.
P. The brand Thumbs up was taken over by Coca Cola in the last decade of 20th cen.

78

LETS PRACTICE!
(A)

(Simple Present) Turtles _________ (find) in all the warm oceans of the world. Turtles nests
_________ (make) at night on sandy beaches. About one hundred eggs _________ (lay) in each nest.
However, nesting turtles _________ (often disturb) by noise and light of the discos. When the babies
leave the nest for the sea, they follow the light of the moon. But if they _________ (distract) by hotel
lights, they move in the wrong direction. Babies who lose their way on the beach _________ (often kill)
by birds. If they reach the sea, they _________ (sometimes injure) or even killed by speedboats.

(B)

(A/P) People all over the world _________ (drink) tea. It _________ (suppose) to be a very
refreshing drink. It _________ (also offer) to the guests as a mark of courtesy. To make tea _________
(be) quite easy. Tea leaves _________ (take) in a teapot and boiling water _________ (pour) over them.
The teapot _________ (keep) aside for a couple of minutes. Meanwhile milk _________ (boil) in another
pot. Now tea water _________ (pour) into a cup. Milk and sugar _________ (add) to it according to ones
taste. And a refreshing cup of tea _________ (be) ready.

(C)
1. Gerry has fed the cat this morning.
The cat
2. They always announce the result of the exam in June.
The result
3. Students don't speak English in class.
English
4. My wallet was taken by a thief.
A thief
5. Thomas Edison didnt invent the light bulb in 1867.
The light bulb
6. The bedrooms have been cleaned by the maid.
The maid
7. The boys offered the girls some help.
* The girl
* Some
8. Helen is not making us dinner tonight.
* Dinner
* We
9. A hail storm destroyed many homes last week.
Many homes
10. Notebooks are going to be bought for the school.
We
11. Farmers had often used pesticides when planting corn.
Pesticides
12. Cricket is not played in America.
People
13. Sherry can listen to music in every room of her home.
Music
14. Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa in Venice.
The Mona Lisa
15. My students have given me a cherry tree for my garden.
*I
* A cherry tree
79

(D)

(Simple Past) Last summer Tom went camping with Boy Scouts. First, the ground _________
(clear) of stones and plants. The tents _________ (put up) in a circle. A special shelf _________ (make) in
each tent 4 inches off the ground. The suitcases and sleeping bags _________ (put) on this shelf. Wood
_________ (collect) and _________ (place) in the centre of the circle for fire. The kitchen tent
_________ (put up) near the sleeping tents. All the food _________ (put) inside this tent to keep it safe.
The boys stayed in this camp for eight days.

(E)

(A/P) Let me tell you of a country where planting trees _________ (be) an essential part of life.
This country is Israel. In Israel, in the days gone by, fathers _________ (plant) trees when their children
_________ (bear). A cedar tree _________ (plant) if the child ________ (be) a boy, for cedars are usually
tall and strong. But if the child _________ (be) a girl, the father _________ (plant) a cypress tree, for
cypress suggests softness and sweetness. The children _________ (look) after these trees until they
_________ (get) married. At the marriage ceremony, branches from these trees _________ (cut) to hold
up the wedding tent.

(F)

Put the verb into the correct form, present simple or past simple, active or passive.
It is a big factory. Five hundred people _________ (employ) there.
_________ (somebody/clean) this room yesterday?
Water _________ (cover) most of the earths surface.
How much of the earths surface _________ (cover) by water?
The park gates _________ (lock) at 6.30 p.m. every evening.
The letter _________ (post) a week ago and it _________ (arrive) yesterday.
The boat hit a rock and _________ (sink) quickly. Fortunately everybody _________

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(rescue).
(8)
Richards parents _________ (die) when he was very young. He and his sister _________
(bring up) by their grand parents.
(9)
I was born in London, but I _________ (grow up) in Canada.
(10)
While I was on holiday, my camera _________ (steal) from my hotel room.
(11)
While I was on holiday, my camera _________ (disappear) from my hotel room.
(12)
Why _________ (Sue/resign) from her job? Didnt she enjoy it?
(13)
Why _________ (Bill/sack) from his job? What did he do wrong?
(14)
The company is not independent. It ________ (own) by a much larger company.
(15)
I saw an accident last night. Somebody _________ (call) an ambulance but nobody
_________ (injure), so the ambulance_________ (not/need).
(16)
Where _________ (these photographs/take)? In London? _________ (you/take) them, or
somebody else?
(17)
Sometimes it is quite noisy living here, but it is not problem for me I _________
(not/bother) by it.

(G)

(Simple Future) Mrs. Lal is the headmistress of a big school. The students of her school are
going to stage a play Mrs. Lal is talking to the director.
Mrs. Lal:
Have the boys costumes been made?
Director:
They _________ (make) by the end of this week.
Mrs. Lal:
What about the girls dress?
Director:
They _________ (finish) tomorrow.
Mrs. Lal:
Have the curtains been mended?
Director:
I dont think they _________ (mend) until Thursday.
Mrs. Lal:
What about the chairs?
Director:
I think they _________ (sell) in a couple of days.
80

(H)

Rewrite the sentences into the passive voice:

1. Pam has given Terry a new iPad.
Terry ______________________________________
2. The plumber repaired our heating yesterday.
We had ____________________________________
3. The children are going to draw some animals.
Some animals _______________________________
4. People believed that the Prime Minister lied about the crisis.
It __________________________________________
5. Paul rejected Mandys wedding invitation.
Mandys _____________________________________
6. The optician will test my grandfathers eyes next month.
My grandfather _____________________________
7. Does the museum open on Sunday afternoon?
Is ___________________________________________
8. Every candidate has to attend an interview.
An interview ________________________________
9. Consumers say that the cost of living has shot up lately.
The cost of living _____________________________
10. How much does your family spend on Christmas presents?
How much __________________________________
11. Some students havent handed in the history essays yet.
The history essays ___________________________
12. This restaurant serves a cheap menu on weekdays.
A cheap menu _______________________________
13. The teacher didnt allow us to leave before 2:30 p.m.
We __________________________________________
14. The farmer is milking the cow.
The cow _____________________________________
15. Dad made Sue clear the table.
Sue _________________________________________
16. S & S sells nice shoes at reasonable prices.
Nice shoes ___________________________________

(I)

(Mixed) Last summer, I took an airplane flight from London to New York. I _________ (board)
the plane at Croydon Airfield and, from that moment on, my life _________ (arrange) for me by the flight
attendants on the trip. First, I _________ (direct) to my seat by the flight attendants. Then, when the plane
_________ (be) ready to take off, the other passengers and I _________ (tell) to fasten our seat belts.
Next, we _________ (advise) where the emergency exits were. I _________ (make) sure that I
_________ (give) a seat next to an exit.
A few minutes after take off, magazines and newspapers _________ (distribute). Because my ears hurt, I
_________ (take) out some gum to chew. Next, we _________ (give) instructions on what to do in case of
an emergency. I _________ (pay) two dollars for some earphones, which I _________ (use) later to watch
the movie.
Before dinner, we _________ (ask) if we _________ (want) a cocktail. Dinner _________ (serve) on a
tray, and it _________ (be + not) too bad; it was chicken. We _________ (permit) to have a refill on any
beverage.
After dinner, we _________ (show) a funny movie. When I _________ (feel) cold, I _________ (give) a
blanket, and when I felt airsick, I _________ (give) a paper bag. Everything _________ (do) for the
81

comfort of the passengers. When the plane _________ (land), I _________ (be) sorry to have to leave and
start doing things for myself again.

(J)

(Mixed) Four burglars have escaped from custody only hours after _________ (sentence) to ten
years in prison. They _________ (transfer) from the law courts in Manchester to Strangeways Prison.
They _________ (find) guilty of stealing electrical goods and money from shops in the Manchester area.
It _________ (think) that they were all members of the same gang. They escaped from the van in which
they _________ (transport), when the driver _________ (force) to stop because of a tree across the road.
It _________ (believe) that the tree _________ (place) by other members of the gang, who _________
(inform) of the route _________ (take) by the van. A full investigation of the events leading to escape
_________ (order) and anyone with information _________ (ask) to contact the police to help with their
enquiries.

(K)

Twenty five years ago, my father ______ (join) a well known law firm as a junior lawyer. Dad
______ (dedicate) and smart and he ______ (rise) quickly in the firm. Soon after, the firm ______
(employ) Mum as the personal assistant to the manager. Dad and Mum ______ (fall) in love and ______
(get) married six months later.
Today, Dad ______ (hold) the position of a senior partner in the firm. My parents ______ (raise) three
children. They ______ (give) us plenty of love, encouragement and sound advice when we were young.
We ______ always ______ (be) grateful to them.
Next Friday, my parents ______ (celebrate) their silver wedding anniversary. My brothers and I ______
(compere) an evening of entertainment. We ______ (present) them with gifts to cherish as mementos.

(L)

Fill in the blanks with the correct passive form of the verb in brackets.
(1)
A government minister _________ (find) guilty of fraud yesterday.
(2)
It was a lovely surprise to find all the washing-up _________ (do) while I was asleep.
(3)
These souvenirs _________ (make) by children from the local school.
(4)
I didnt come here in order _________ (make) a fool of!
(5)
The votes _________ (count) right now and we should know the result before midnight.
(6)
This parcel appears _________ (open) before it _________ (deliver).
(7)
As he _________ (sack) from his previous job, he found it hard to get another.
(8)
The judges still have to decide which design _________ (award) the top prize.
(9)
Many accidents _________ (cause) by dangerous driving.
(10)
Cheese _________ (make) from milk.
(11)
The roof of the building _________ (damage) in a storm a few days ago.
(12)
You _________ (invite) to the wedding. Why didnt you go?
(13)
A cinema is a place where films _________ (show).
(14)
In the US, elections for president _________ (hold) every four years.
(15)
Originally the book _________ (write) in Spanish, and a few years ago it _________
(translate) into English.
(16)
Although we were driving quite fast, we _________ (overtake) by a lot of other cars.
(17)
You cant see the house from the road. It _________ (surround) by trees.
(18)
The situation is serious, something must _________ (do) before its too late.
(19)
I havent received that letter. That might _________ (send) to the wrong address.
(20)
A decision will not _________ (make) until the next meeting.
(21)
Do you think that more money should _________ (spend) on education?
(22)
This road is in very bad condition. It should _________ (repair) a long time ago.
(23)
The injured man couldnt walk and had to _________ (carry).
(24)
It is not certain how the fire started. But it might _________ (cause) by an electrical fault.
(25)
I told the hotel receptionist I wanted to _________ (wake) at 6.30 the next morning.
82

(26)

(M)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

(N)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.

(O)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.

If you hadnt pushed the policeman you wouldnt _________ (arrest).

Rewrite these sentences in Active Voice. Supply the subject yourself wherever needed:
Her sweet will never be heard again in this hall.
Superstitions are still believed in.
These instructions can be easily understood.
The account had already been checked by me.
Living conditions are being gradually improved.
It is often said that honesty pays in the long run.
The late comers shouldnt be permitted into the examination hall.
Was the patient requested to wait?
What are you being disturbed by?
How many candidates were called for interview?
Rotten eggs and tomatoes were thrown at the speaker.
Rewrite these sentences in Passive Voice. Remove subjects if needed:
Somebody cleans the room everyday.
They cancelled all flights because of fog.
People dont use this road much.
Somebody accused me of stealing money.
How do people learn languages?
Somebody warned us not to go out alone.
Somebody has cleaned the room.
They have postponed the meeting.
Somebody is using the computers at the moment.
I didnt realise that somebody was recording our conversation.
When we got to the stadium, we found that they had cancelled the game.
They are building a new ring-road round the city.
They have built a new hospital near the airport.
Put the following sentences into the PASSIVE VOICE:
Someone has already paid the electrician for his work.
They taught him French and gave him a dictionary.
When we first met, they had already offered me a job at the bank.
A man requested the stranger to leave the meeting.
A young woman asked the rest of us to be there at eight oclock.
They had eaten all the dinner before they finished the conversation.
Who wrote it?
The author has written a special edition for children.
Did the idea interest you?
Why didnt they mend the roof before it fell in?
The burglars had cut a huge hole in the steel door.
The organizers will exhibit the paintings till the end of the month.
When did they ring the church bells?
Does listening to music disturb you?
The principal has announced a revised programme of terminal tests.
They will build a flyover at this site.
People often say that it pays to be honest.
You can avoid many serious accidents with a little care.
Dont offer eatables to the animals.
83

20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.

This magazine contains much useful information.

Why were they paying us so little?
By 5 p.m., the guide had shown us all the places of historical interest.
Do you deal in sports goods also?
A senior student of her school gives her judo lessons.
We expect our students to behave properly.
Who has packed my luggage?

(P)

Change these sentences into PASSIVE FORM:

People believe that the strike will end soon.
People believe that the thieves got through the kitchen window.
People say that the company is loosing a lot of money.
When is he going to pay the taxes?
Who has designed these buildings?
How much do they spend on these activities?
They broke a lot of plates while they were dancing.
Who invented the electric bulb?
People believe that they are secret agents.
People think that he takes harmful drugs.
Did they give you a great reception?
Nobody sends her a card at Christmas.
Did anyone call an ambulance after the accident?
Will you pay the fine?
(Q)
Turn into the PASSIVE:
a. Students should study environment problems at school.
Environment problems _____________________________
b. Teachers could include this topic in their classes.
This topic ________________________________________
c. Some people buy returnable bottles and use recycle paper.
Returnable bottles _____________________________________
d. Governments have constantly ignored important issues on economic reasons.
Important _________________________________________________
e. At school teachers advise students about pollution and its prevention.
Students __________________________________________________
f. In developped countries authorities will lead everybody to cooperate.
Everybody _______________________________________________
g. Everybody should throw their bottles into recycling bottle banks.
Their bottles ______________________________________________
h. Parents must teach their children what to do about rubbish.
Children _________________________________________________
i. Last year several nations held a meeting to discuss environmental problems.
A meeting ________________________________________________
j. Organizations like Greenpeace are giving people leaflets about what to do.
People ___________________________________________________
k. Mothers should teach children not to throw litter in the streets.
Children _________________________________________________
l. Consumers could buy returnable recipients instead of throw away ones.
Returnable _______________________________________________
m. In developped countries people are recycling glass, paper, metal and even plastic.
Glass, paper ______________________________________________

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

84

n. In underdeveloped countries everyone wastes and throws away useful objects.

Useful objects _____________________________________________
o. Everybody should pass their bottles on to others when they no longer use them.
Bottles ___________________________________________________

(R)
Turn into the PASSIVE again
1. We should clean these windows before tomorrow.
2. The workers gave the boss some flowers.
3. The police followed the thieves into a building.
4. The mechanic cant fix my car.
5. The neighbour has told us the news.
6. The students painted the walls last year.
7. The old woman feeds the pigeons every day.
8. They will pick up John at this office.
9. She showed the visitors the new house.
10. You shouldnt throw litter on the ground.
11. The teacher asked the students a very difficult question at the oral exam.
12. First, we have to read the text and then, we have to do the exercises.
13. His parents promised Tom a hundred Euros if he passed the test.
14. Did they repair all the windows?
15. The news surprised us all.
16. Is the teacher correcting the exams right now?
17. Someone has sent John a mysterious letter.
18. Where did they find the book?
19. The taxi driver drove us to the airport.
20. Many people have seen a UFO in this area.
21. Have they watered the plants?
22. Someone stole my purse while I was doing the shopping.
23. The secretary has already sent all the documents to Mr. Smith.
24. They have offered Michael an excellent job in a British company.
25. The police could arrest the bank robbers when they were crossing the border.
26. Someone has used the computer without permission.
27. My grandmother is baking a delicious cake.
28. The maid was cleaning my hotel room when I came in.

85

REPORTED SPEECH
Expression of time & place
Direct
Today
Yesterday
The day before yesterday
Tomorrow
The day after tomorrow
Next week/day/year...
Last week/year
A week/year ago
Now
Modals:
Can
May
Must
Shall
Will
Demonstratives:
This
These
Here

Reported
that day
the day before
two days before
the next/following day
in two days time
the following week/year
the previous week/year
a year before/the previous year.
then /that time
could
might
had to
should
would
that
those
there

TENSE
PRESENT
SIMPLE
PRESENT
CONTINUOUS

DIRECT SPEECH
I work hard.

TENSE
PAST SIMPLE

REPORTED SPEECH
He said that he worked hard.

I am working hard.

PAST
CONTINUOUS

He said that he was working hard.

PAST SIMPLE

I worked hard
yesterday.
I was working hard at
six this morning.

PAST PERFECT
PAST PERFECT
CONTINUOUS

He said that he had worked hard

the previous day / the day before.
He said that he had been working
hard at six that morning.

I have worked hard.

PAST PERFECT

He said that he had worked hard.

I have been working

hard.

PAST PERFECT
CONTINUOUS

He said that he had been working

hard.

I had worked hard.

PAST PERFECT

He said that he had worked hard.

I will work hard.

CONDITIONAL

He said that he would work hard.

PAST
CONTINUOUS
PRESENT
PERFECT
PRESENT
PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
PAST
PERFECT
FUTURE
SIMPLE

86

PRACTICE
A. Put the following into indirect speech using the given reporting verbs.
We dont like his attitude (say)
Im not competent to give advice on this subject (claim)
Please tell us the latest news that you have heard (request)
Will you have supper with us after the performance tonight? (wonder)
B. Put these statements using introductory verbs in the past.
I have no reason not to believe you
Ill pay a hundred and fifty
Shes been crying till shes half blind her mother reports
Dont go too deep into the water she told her children
They lie and steal and have to be watched all the time she noted
Im looking for sunny side cottage. I dont suppose youve heard of it
Dont leave me here alone!
I shall never claim of any trouble to you
Mrs. Joe has been out a dozen times, looking for you, Pip. And she is out now.
C. Rewrite in Reported Speech
1. I watch a film on Saturdays. Caroline said
2. Hes my best friend. Fred told me
3. The scarf is in my bag. Janice said
4. This film wasnt very interesting. Tom told me
5. This isnt my school. Jerry said
6. Well walk for half an hour Yesterday Jennifer told me
7. These T-shirts dont fit me. Mike said
8. Were parking our car here. They said
9. Its my boyfriends birthday party tomorrow. Helen told me
10. I think there will be a students meeting very soon. He said
11. Its difficult to finish this project this week. The students said
12. Im not busy now. Alicia told me
13. I dont want these CDs anymore. My brother said
14. We feel fine now. The girls said
15. Were going to the shopping today. My parents told me
16. She had finished her homework when I arrived. Mary said
17. I often think about my future. Marik said
18. I go the doctor tomorrow. I am not feeling well Helen said
D. Make indirect sentences in the past.
1
1) 'When did you buy this television set?' Frank to Jenny
2) 'Why will you plant trees in the garden?' Mr Ford to Lola
3) 'Let's play basketball.' I to Ben
4) 'I met your mother yesterday.' Mrs Gibson to Dave
5) 'What is the capital of India?' Sally to Rob
6) 'Tidy your room, children.' Mother
7) 'You are standing on my foot now.' Sally to Rob
8) 'Will you help me with my homework?' Sally to Rob
9) 'Meet me in front of the cinema.' Frank to Jenny
10) 'Were you looking after your little sister yesterday, Julie? Frank
2
1. I spent a lot last Friday, she said
2. I worked hard last week, he said
87

3. You have extra lessons this week, they told us

4. Ive won a fortune on the football pools, my uncle said
5. Mrs Johnson isnt at work today because she is ill, the secretary said
6. Im going to buy a car tomorrow, he told me
7. I dont have much money, Tony told me
8. It may rain at the weekend, he said
3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Whos that girl? , I asked

Whats your name?, the boy asked me
Do you have any brothers or sisters?, I asked her
Did you hear that explosion?, they asked us
have you spent all your money?, his mother asked
When did Peter get up?, I asked them
Where have they gone?, she asked me
Do you think it will rain tomorrow? I asked him

4
1. Dont touch that, my mum said (tell)
2. Have a rest! She said (tell)
3. Please, dont drive so fast his wife said (ask)
4. Dont tell anybody I said (warn)
5. Give this to your brother, my father said (tell)
6. Would you like to go on holiday with us? they said (invite)
7. Dont forget to post the letter she said (remind)
8. If I were you, I wouldnt take the job she told him (advise)
9. Lets walk instead of waiting for the bus, Philip said

88

PRACTICE II
I. Complete the sentences in reported speech.
1. He said, "I like this song."
He said ...............
2. "Where is your sister?" she asked me.
She asked me ..
3. "I don't speak Italian," she said.
She said ..
4. "Say hello to Jim," they said.
They asked me ...
5. "The film began at seven o'clock," he said.
He said ...
6. "Peter, do you prefer tea or coffee?" she says.
She asks Peter.
7. "Where have you spent your money?" she asked him.
She asked him
8. "I never make mistakes," he said.
He said ...
9. "Does she know Robert?" he wanted to know.
He wanted to know
10. "Don't try this at home," the stuntman told the audience.
The stuntman advised the audience ...
II. Turn the following sentences into reported speech
1 Robin said, These biscuits taste delicious.

2 I cant see you this afternoon because Ive got a lot to do, Ann told me.

3 Fiona said, That picture was painted by my great grandmother.

..
4 The sun goes around the Earth! Copernicus said.
...........
5 I received a parcel this morning, but I havent opened it yet, Tom said.
..
6 Can you speak English?, she asked

7 Is your hotel near here? , he asked.

.
8 Have you visited Buckingham Palace?, he asked.
..................
9 Close the door.
He told me................................................................................................................................
10 Dont do that again!
He told me
11 I borrowed you favourite jumper, David said. ADMITTED
.
12 I didnt leave the garden gate open, she said. DENIED
.
13 "Don't fly kites near electric overhead cables," said my father. WARNED
.
89

14 I wont do that , he said. REFUSED

..
15 Lets go for a walk, he said. SUGGESTED
...............
III. Rewrite the sentences into reported speech. Use the verbs in brackets.
1. Why dont we go to Brazil on holiday next summer?! (suggest)
Paul
2. Im not wearing this dress for the party, definitely! (refuse)
Carol ..
3. The new teacher will start teaching next week. (announce)
The headmaster .
4. Where are you going so fast, Sally? (want to know)
Dave ..
5. Dont make so much noise, children or the neighbours will phone the police now. (tell)
Dad .
6. Can you make me some coffee please, Im exhausted. (ask).
Mum .
7. The Smiths have bought a new car this morning. (say)
Alice
8. I wouldnt miss my lessons if I were you, Tom. (advise)
Emily
9. Were so sorry for being late, but we couldnt park the car as soon as we expected.
(apologize)
They
10. My sister studies at London University this year. (comment)
Tom ..
11. Where did you put your iPod, Sue? (be interested in knowing)
Lewis ..
12. OK, Tony, Ill give you a lift to the airport. (agree)
Paul ..
13. You cant enter the library if you havent got your card. (prohibit)
The librarian
14. Are you ready to leave now, Andy? (ask)
Mary .
15. Im going to buy a present for my mum this evening. (say)
Alice ..
IV. Rewrite these sentences into reported speech.
1. Is Tony talking to your brother, Susan?
Paul asked
2. My parents went to Italy last summer.
Sue commented
3. Will you post the letter for me, Pam?
I asked
4. Sam hasnt come back from England yet.
Adam said
5. You should check your blood pressure, Mr Black is too high.
Dr Newman advised
6. Were you at Patricks last Saturday, Tim?
Donald wanted to know
90

7. Lets have a party to celebrate Halloween with our friends.

Becky suggested
8. I wont forget to buy the food you want for tonights dinner, Mike.
Helen promised
9. We must do our homework every day or our teachers get angry.
Dave said
10. Do you want something to eat, Jim?
Carols asked
11. Im sorry, I cant pay for your meal, Sarah, Im broke.
Terry apologised
12. Whats the weather like in Paris now?
The holidaymakers wanted to know
13. You cant use the lift, Dick, you arent old enough.
The porter ordered
14. How did you find out about my affair, Carrie?
Carries husband was interested in knowing
15. Its going to rain tomorrow.
The weatherman announced
16. Can you make coffee for me, Susan?
Tom asked
V. Rewrite the sentences into direct speech:
1. My friend advised me not to drink alcohol that night since I had to drive back home.
2. The teacher remarked that our exams were really well.
3. Tony asked me when we would meet for dinner.
4. Sally commented that she had travelled to Rome twice the previous year.
5. Dans sister refused to do the washing up for him.
6. The passenger wanted to know when the plane would land.
7. Adam suggested wearing smart clothes to Toms party the next Friday.
8. Mandy said she had forgotten to lock the garage when she had left that morning.
9. The children asked the teacher if they had to bring the dictionary the following day.
10. My father remarked that the new laptop didnt work very well.
11. Peter wanted to know what time the new TV show began.
12. Molly offered to do the shopping for me.
13. Pams mother told her to tidy her room then
14. Dave invited Sue to have dinner that night.
15. Ted apologized for not having prepared dinner yet.

91

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.
How long___________ your car?
a.
are you having
b.
have you had
c.
you are having
2.
After___________ some time with my
family, I traveled to London
a.
spending
b.
have spent
c.
have spending
3.
Would you mind___________ the book I
gave you?
a.
to return
b.
returning
c.
to returning
4.
I dont feel__________ to the cinema.
a.
to going
b.
like going
c.
to go
5.
I______ him for years.
a.
have known
b.
know
c.
have been knowing
6.
_________ it go dark, I began to feel afraid.
a.
While
b.
As soon as
c.
Until
7.
Dont work so hard. You _______very
tired.
a.
look as if
b.
looking as if
c.
look
8.
The people_____________ house were
staying in live in England.
a.
whitch
b.
whose
c.
where
9.
I heavent finished my
homework________.
a.
already
b.
still
c.
yet
10.
I____________ in California when I met
my friend Joe.
a.
worker
b.
was working
c.
working
11.
Can you ______________the keys when
you get home?
a.
give to her
b.
give her
c.
to give her

12.
Although students ____ Everton are ____
in their early __, we are accepting more and more
___ applicants.
a.
attend, generally, twenty, older
b.
attending, generally, twenties,
olders
c.
attending, generally, twenties,
olders
13.
Ideally, they_____have completed_______
one year_______university.
a.
should, at last, in
b.
must, as least, at
c.
should, at least, in
14. Although I made_________ impression
during my job interview, I dont think Im going to
be hired
a.
a successful
b.
an important
c.
a favorable
15. Id like you to_____ some recent
photos__________ you write me.
a. enclose, next time
b. enter, next time
c. enclose, , the next time
16. In his speech, the president ______ the
importance_________our productivity
a.
pointed, of increasing
b.
stressed, of to increase
c.
stressed, of increasing
17. Why arent you working?
Because I dont know what________
a.
do I do
b.
am I doing
c.
to do
18. If you follow the____________youll learn
how to operate this stereo system.
a.
writings
b.
descriptions
c.
instructions
19. I work as a journalist for a national
newspapers.
That___________a really interesting job.
a.
must be
b.
would have been
c.
will be
20. You probably get a really great salary.
Im not really as__________as you think Iam
a.
paid well
b.
well paid
c.
well paying
21. What sort of job are you looking for?

92

Id like to have a job_________use the

foreign languages I know
a.
that can
b.
where to
c.
where I can
22. How good are you at keeping deadlines?
I always finish my work when I_________.
a.
am supposing
b.
am supposed to
c.
have suppose
23. I bought a
_______,_______,_________sweater.
a.
red, new, woolen
b.
woolen, new, red
c.
new, red, wollen
24. Id like to ask you some questions about
your_________background.
a.
education
b.
educational
c.
educated
25.
Youre late
I_________ here fasted because there
was such a heavy traffic.
a.
cant get
b.
wasnt getting
c.
couldnt get
26. I wonder__________youd mind lending
me your calculator
a.
how
b.
whether
c.
when
27.
Annes not here now, but I can take a
message for her.
.
O.K.
Please___________her to call
Joe at eight oclock
a.
to tell
b.
could you
tell
c.
tell
28. I work_______ small ________company.
a.
for, publishing
b.
in a, publishing
c.
for a, publishing
29. The company has_________an office in
Paris.
a.
opened
b.
oppened
c.
open
30. I have been_________to run a new office
_________Paris.
a.
chose, in the
b.
chosen, in
c.
choosen, at
31.Alexandra said she__________their marketing
manager.
a.
was

b.
were
c.
is
32. You ____obviously ______ill for several days.
a. have, been
b. had, be
c. has, been
33. What did she say? She said she __to talk to you.
a.
doesnt have
b.
arent about
c.
didnt want
34.
It is dreadful having ______a
room with her. She is so untidy!
a.
sharing
b.
to share
c.
to stay
35.
Can you really_________to
buy that CD__________now?
a.
affrord, recorder
b.
afford, players
c.
afford, player
36. ______ you ring me to let
me_________you_______safely?
a. should, know, re
b can, know, are
c. can, know, would be
37. Why____Andrew_______mistakes all the time?
a.
does, make
b.
is, making
c.
-, makes
38.
How do you get_____ _____ your
parents?
a.
-, with
b.
well, with
c.
on, with
39.
What sort of_________car has
Christine__________this time?
a.
-, buy
b.
a, buy
c.
-, bought
40.
My sister had always______selfconscious about_______nose so she decided to go
to________clinic _________an
operation__________will straighten it.
a.
been, her, a, for, which
b.
be, his, a, for, who
c.
been, her, the, for, who
41.
You________be very proud of your
son________so many prizes.
a.
will, to win
b.
will, wining
c. must, winning
42.
We thought our cousins_______ us when
they were in town last week, but they didnt even
phone. I suppose they________too busy.
a.
would pay a visit, are all
the time

93

b.
would visit, must have
been
c.
will visit, are
43.
I have just_______the garage to check
whether theyve__________my car, but
I_________get an answer.
a.
rung, fixed, cant
b.
ring, fixed, cannot
c.
rung, fix, cannot
44.
Why did you walk all the way from the
station? You_________for a lift.
a.
had to phoned
b.
could have phoned
c.
should to ring me up
45.
The expenses will
be_________by__________taxpayer.
a.
Supported, b.
borne, the
c.
borne, those
46.
It is one of___________cities in England.
a.
most polluted
b.
the most polluted
c.
polluted
47.
The___________of the negotiations is
uncertain yet.
a.
results
b.
rules
c.
outcome
48. He finally __________to get in touch with him.
a.
succeede
b managed
c. succeeded
49.
There__________great_________betwee
n the two countries. Close relations
__________between them.
a.
are, differences, exist
b.
are, difference, exists
c.
is a, difference, are
50.
She is _________ French and American.
a.
both
b.
also
c.
too
51.
He should________ the waiter a bigger
tip.
a.
given
b.
have given
c.
gave
52.
He__________in politics since the last
________.
a.
was interested, elections
b.
has been interested,
elections
c.
have been interested,
voting
53.
They are ___________ good friends,
I_________ I had a car to see them more often.

a.
such, wish
b.
my, want
c.
-, wanted
54.
I___________ never manage to remember
how________that door.
a.
can, to open
b.
will, oppening
c.
cannot, to open
55.
In the USA, young__________ are lucky
to__________to drive at sixteen in some states.
a.
peoples, can
b.
people, be allowed
c.
people, allow
56.
I________ two years in
__________United States several years ago.
a.
spent, b.
spend, c.
spent, the
57.
She _________ alone for ten years, since
her parentsdeath.
a.
has been living
b.
has been leaving
c.
had been leaving
58.
Whatever arguments the Union leader
used in_________speech, he_________failed to
convince ________ nation.
a.
his, has, the
b.
his, has, a
c.
her, her, the
59.
Are you
interested__________photography?
a.
for
b.
in
c.
at
60.
I prefer travelling by airplane_________
its usually faster and more__________than other
means of transportation.
a.
although, comfortable
b.
since, comfortable
c.
furthermore, suitable
61.
It was your birthday yesterday,
_________?
a.
wasnt it
b.
didnt
c.
or it wasnt
62.
Where will we be able to have lunch?
Dont worry . There are a lot of nice
places________ downtown.
a.
for us eating
b.
for eat at
c.
for eating
63.
What would you do if you lost your
job?
I guess _________another one.
a.
I would have looked for
b.
I would look for

94

c.
To look for
b.
neither
64.
Why have you decided not to buy the
c.
both
car?
75.
Flight nineteen from Paris is now arriving
Because I ____________.
at ___________.
a.
dont afford it
a.
gate two
b.
cant afford it
b.
the gate two
c.
cant afford
c.
the second gate
65.
If you __________an effort, you will
76.
The greater the demand,
finish your work by two oclock.
____________the price.
a.
try
a.
the highest
b.
make
b.
higher
c.
do
c.
the higher
66.
John is a very _____friend of mine and
77.
The Oxford University was__________in
weve known each other for years.
the thirteenth century.
a.
near
a.
founded
b.
firm
b.
found
c.
close
c.
renovated
67.
Ive been asked to be the_________ of
78.
We__________ swim near windsurfers.
ceremonies at our schools graduation dinner.
a.
wouldnt
a.
leader
b.
oughtnt
b.
speaker
c.
shouldnt
c.
master
79.
We never stop____________a language.
68.
Your money will be______ if you are not
a.
learning
satisfied with our service.
b.
learn
a.
rejoined
c.
to learn
b.
refunded
80.
If I _____________you, Id write that
c.
restored
letter straight away.
69.
It is healthier to eat apples without
a.
have been
____________ them.
b.
had been
a.
cleaning
c.
were
b.
undoing
81.
I dont want to cook. Lets buy
c.
peeling
some__________food
70.
Most of the tenants who_________in our
a.
take home
apartament building are students.
b.
take away
a.
rent
c.
take off
b.
reside
82.
They have some very
c.
set
lovely___________in their garden.
71.
My teacher always _________me on the
a.
booths
back whenever I do good work.
b.
bushes
a.
hits
c.
wigs
b.
pats
c.
hands
83.
His uncles son is his ___________.
72.
He couldnt listen to his walkman because
a.
brother-in law
his mother had_________the batteries.
b.
nephew
a.
tied
c.
cousin
b.
remover
84.
He contributed a great deal to the
c.
changed
development of our culture_________-.
73.
I cant do this puzzle. I ____________!
a.
wrinting, as a teacher and
a.
give out
lecturer
b.
give up
b.
wrinting, teaching and
c.
give off
lecturing
74.
_____________ of them could win the
c.
wrinting, teaching and as a
quiz. It was very difficult.
lecturer
a.
either
85.
According to a recent report, the number of automobile accidents has actually gone down. The reason
for this decrease can be attributed to better driver education.

95

Based an the above astatements, there are fewer car accidents, because:
a.
there are better cars on the road
b.
drivers are better trained
c.
drivers are very educated
86.
Ticket prices: $30.000One Way- All Destinations, out of which:
50%discount for night-time trips;
Passengers who are 18 years of age and younger pay 90%of the fare;
Passengers who are 5 years the age and younger travel free-of-charge.
How much would you pay if you were sixteen years old?
a.
more than $20.000
b.
less than $15.000
c.
10% off the regular fare
87.
Im fictional character in a play by Shakespeare. I live in Verona.
My family are the swor enemies of the Montagues, but unfortunately I am madly in love with one of
them. In our story, we get married secretly, but then things start to go drastically wrong. The end of our love story
takes place in my familys vault where my lover poisons himself and I end up stabbing myself with a dagger. Sad,
isnt it? My name is...
a.
Robert Kennedy
b.
The Duke of Windsor
c.
Juliet Capulet
88.
The ability to deal with people is as purchasable a commodity as sugar or coffee. And I will pay more
for that ability than for any other the sun. Who might these words belong to?
a.
John D. Rockefeller
b.
Benjamin Franklin
c.
Albert Einstein
89.
Find the correct interpretation: He gave an accurate description of the man.
a.
He handled them a report about the man
b.
He described the man accusingly
c.
He gave a correct and exact description of the man.
90.
Find the correct interpretation: Every writer is a student of human nature.
a.
Writers always want to become students again.
b.
Writers always learn about the human nature
c.
Writers human nature is similar to students one
91.
Find the correct interpretation: Before they moved in, they cleaned the house thoroughly.
a.
They cleaned the house from top to bottom and then they moved in
b.
They went through the house to make sure it was clean before moving in
c.
They decided to clean the house they had moved in
92.
Find the correct interpretation: They only knew basic language.
a.
They had a very small vocabulary
b.
They were very coarse
c.
They used a simple computing language
93.
Find the correct interpretation: The USA is almost as large as Europe.
a.
Europe is slightly bigger than the USA
b.
Europe is as big as the USA
c.
The USA is much bigger than Europe
94.
Find the correct interpretation: There were fifteen people besides me applying for the job
a.
Fifteen people were standing next to me in the queue for the job
b.
There were fifteen of us who wanted the job
c.
I was not applying for the job
95.
Find the correct interpretation: As he walked through the door, she walked out.
a.
He walked in and at the same time she walked out
b.
Before he walked in, she walked out
c.
He walked in and then she walked out
96.
Find the correct interpretation: Plase, take a seat!
a.
Pick one up and take it away
b.
I dont want all my seats any more

96

c.
Sit down
97. Find the correct interpretation:
How on earth did you find me?
a.
Youll never find out where I am
b.
It is quite difficult to get hold of me, but you did
c.
What do you think of me?
98. Find the correct interpretation: I am not actually on the list of candidates
a. My mane is not on the list of candidates
b. My name is not on the list, but it will be soon
c. I withdrew my mane from the list of candidates
99.
Find the correct interpretation: He could have studied English last year.
a.
He has studies English, but he doesnt any more
b.
He was able to study English last year.
c.
He had the opportunity to study English but didnt take it
100.
Choose the best synonym for the words
107.
Choose the best synonym for the words
written in capital letters: He was CONFIDENT in
written in capital letters: As he seemed to be a
his approaches
coward, everybody TAUNTED him.
a.
trustful
a.
accused
b.
certain
b.
ridiculed
c.
tolerant
c.
pointed at
101.
Choose the best synonym for the words
108.
Choose the best synonym for the words
written in capital letters: Helen was definitely a
written in capital letters: She cast a FURTIVE
SHREWD woman
glance at her partner
a.
stupid
a.
brief
b.
clever
b.
sly
c.
direct
c.
casual
102.
Choose the best synonym for the words
109.
Choose the best synonym for the words
written in capital letters: His DESULTORY remaks
written in capital letters: Their sudden outburst was
made the vistors feel confused
obiously genuine, it couldnt have been
a.
good
CONTRIVED.
b.
initial
a.
False
c.
untidy
b.
planned
103.
Choose the best synonym for the words
c.
dissolute
written in capital letters: Her CONSPICUOUS
110.
Choose the best synonym for the words
achievements are her best recommendation
written in capital letters:
a.
well-known
She was a THRIFTY housekeeper, an important
b.
remarkable
matter to one of his small means and never wasted a
c.
social
penny.
104.
Choose the best synonym for the words
a.
kind
written in capital letters: The report was
b.
poor
SCATHING about the lack of safety.
c.
sparing
a.
scornful
111.
Choose the best synonym for the words
b.
very critical
written in capital letters:
c.
clear
He proved himself a BOLD and ASTUTE
105.
Choose the best synonym for the words
commander.
written in capital letters: His RUGGED manners
a.
brave, cunning
betrayed his low origins.
b.
brave, engaged
a.
awful
c.
fearless, severe
b.
indecent
112.
Choose the best synonym for the words
c.
coarse
written in capital letters:
106.
Choose the best synonym for the words
With a sign he TOSSED the programme back on the
written in capital letters: I was STUNNED by the
table.
news of her death.
a.
put
a. impressed
b.
filled in
b. shocked
c.
cast
c. stunted

97

TENSE REVISION
Past & Present Perfect
Richard Fox (1)___________(live) in Hong Kong for around seven years and for the past two
years he (2)_________(share) a flat in Wan Chai. He originally (3)________ (come) here on
holiday but (4)_________(decide) to stay on when he heard that it was easy to find a job as a
teacher. He (5)___________(work) for three different schools over the years and
(6)____________(just/start) work for his fourth employer.
He likes Hong Kong because of its convenient location in Asia which (7)__________(allow) him
to visit a lot of countries in the region. To date he (8)___________(be) to China, Thailand,
Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam and Cambodgia. He (9)____________(not/be) to Macau as
he says hes not interested in gambling.
He likes the food in this part of the world and (10) ___________(try) a lot of dishes that he
(11)_____________(not/hear of ) before he (11)__________(come) here. While on holiday in
China a couple of years ago he even (12)___________(try) dog, which he describes as quite
tasty. He (13)___________(not/sample) monkeys brains yet, but says hell give anything a
try...once.
He says that living in a city like Hong Kong is very different to the small town in England where
he (14)___________(grew up) and (15) ____________(give) him a broader outlook on life. He
(16)______________(never / have to) learn a foreign language before he
(17)_____________(come) here. Nor (18)________________(meet) many people from Asia.
He still finds communication with local people difficult at times and he (18)__________(be) lazy
about learning Chinese. However, he (19) ________________ (at last / enroll) for a course in
spoken Cantonese which (start) ___________(20) next week.
Present Tense Simple or progressive
1. They normally _____________________ lunch at two. (have) 2. Are
_____________________ in Paris this week? (you work) 3. You _____________________ new
clothes every Saturday! (buy) 4. I played football at school but now I _____________________
swimming (prefer)
5. I _____________________ no idea what the book is about. Can you tell me what its about?
(have)
6. John _____________________ a difficult time at the university this year (have) 7. My father
_____________________ everything about cars, but nothing about bicycles. (know) 8. The
moon _____________________ round the earth. (go) 9. Do _____________________ those
men at the door? They _____________________ at us very strangely (you see, look) 10. We
_____________________ that the contents of this letter should be changed.(feel) 11. They
_____________________ lunch at the moment. You shouldnt disturb them. (have) 12. The
watch _____________________ to my grandmother. (belong) 13. I _____________________
what you _____________________ me but I dont agree with you (hear, tell) 14. This medicine
_____________________
a
new
substance
(contain)
15.
These
days
we
_____________________ tests at school. (always have) 16. Why _____________________ my
coat? Oh, Im sorry. It _____________________ like mine! (you wear, look) 17. This cake
98

_____________________ strange. Whats in it? (smell) 18. Hi Jake. What

_____________________ at the moment? I _____________________ the sunshine at the
beach. (you do, enjoy) 19. Where __________________________ from? (new neighbours,
come) 20. What _____________________ for a living? - He is a government official but he quit
his job a few weeks ago. And what _____________________ now? At the moment he
_____________________ for a new job. (your Dad do, he do, look)
Past Tense Simple or progressive
1. It ______________________ (rain) when we __________________ (come) out of the
shopping centre. 2. It _________________(happen) very quickly. The car
______________________ (come) out of the side road and then the van
______________________ (drive) into the back of it. 3. I ______________________ (be) ill last
week. 4. He ______________________ (break)his leg when he ______________________
(ski) . 5. I ______________________ (look)out of the window and saw that people
__________________ (walk) in the park. 6. Emma ______________________ (pass) her exam
a few weeks ago. 7. When we ______________________ (see) the spaceship we
___________________(stop) the car. 8. When ______________________ (you buy) the car? I
______________________ (buy) it a few years ago. 9. He ______________________ (sit) in the
garden when a wasp ______________________(sting) him in the nose. 10. Claire
______________________ (go) to Egypt last month. 11. She ______________________ (have)
a beautiful dream when the alarm clock ________________ (ring). 12. The car
______________________ (stop) at the lights. 13. We ______________________ (drive) home
in the middle of the night when we ______________ (see) a flashing light. 14. Soft music
______________________ (play) when I ______________________ (go) into the room. 15.
______________________ (you buy) that bag while I ______________________ (look) after
the children? 16. It ______________________ (be) peaceful and the birds
______________________ (sing). 17. Was _________________________(Jimmy, already wait)
for you when you ______________________ (get) there? 18. I ______________________
(ring) at about 3 oclock yesterday, but you ______________________ (not pick) up the phone.
What ______________________ (you do) ? I ______________________ (help) Dad in the
garden so I probably ______________________ (not hear)it. 19. I ______________________
(lie) in the bath when the phone ______________________ (ring). It ______________________
(stop) after a few rings. 20. It ______________________ (be) cold when we
______________________ (leave) the house that day.
Fill in the correct form of the Present Perfect tense!
1. The earth __________________ here for billions of years (be). 2. We
________________________ cards for the last few hours (play). 3. We
________________________ problems with our new car recently (have) 4.
____________________________ on anything interesting lately ?(you work) 5. Cuba
________________________
a
socialist
country
since
1959
(be)
6.
I
________________________ care of my neighbours cats while they are away (take) 7. I
________________________
my
car
for
three
years
(have).
8.
________________________________ an important fight? (the boxer , ever, win) 9. John and
Mary ________________________ with each other since the day they got married (quarrel). 10.
It ________________________ hard since last night (rain). 11. Im tired because I
________________________ well lately. (not feel) 12. _________________________________
your problems? (your parents, always, understand) 13. The patient ________________________
99

penicillin for several days now (take) 14. A big earthquake ________________________ San
Francisco since 1906. (not hit) 15. They ___________________________ in San Francisco since
they arrived in the USA 20 years ago. (live) 16. He got ill five weeks ago and
________________________ yet. (not recover) 17. Everyone in the Middle East
________________________ about the situation for decades (worry). 18. We
________________________ very cold weather this year (have) 19. Where
________________________ the money? (you, hide) 20. At last ,my favourite team
________________________ against its most important rival (win) 21. I
________________________ for 6 years. (be married) 22. Dad ________________________ a
number of jobs in the last few years (have). 23. The bank is still closed. It
________________________ yet. (not open) 24. Our daughter ___________________________
lipstick since she was 16 (wear). 25. She is angry because her boyfriend
________________________ up yet and she ________________________ for half an hour. (not
show, wait). 26. Im still waiting for an answer. They ________________________ up their
minds yet. (not make) 27. How many times ________________________ the cat today? (Kim
feed)
28.
The
kids
________________________
on
my
nerves.
They
________________________ too much noise (get, make). 29. My company
________________________ a lot of money in the last few years. They
________________________ hard on an important project. (make, work). 30. They
________________________ our new refrigerator yet, but they will any day now. (not deliver)
Fill in the correct form of the verb All tenses
1. My family ___________________ (buy) some land in southern France recently. They
___________________ (build) a summer house there at the moment. 2. Andy and Mary
___________________
(go)
to
a
concert
tomorrow
night.
They
____________________________ (look forward to) it the whole week. 3. Jonathon
___________________ (watch) the news on TV every day and it ___________________ (help)
him with his English. 4. My car ___________________ (break) down when I
___________________ (drive) home from work. I ________________________ (fix) it if I
___________________ (know) what was wrong. But I didnt so ___________________ (have)
to take it to the garage. 5. When he ___________________ (found) Microsoft, Bill Gates was
only 20 years old. He ___________________________ (already write) his first computer
programme six years earlier. 6. An accident ___________________ (happen) near my house last
night. A car _______________ (hit) a young man. He ___________________ (ride) his bike
when someone in front of him suddenly ___________________ (open) a car door. Many people
___________________ (see) the accident. The police ___________________ (interrogate) them
last night. 7. Mrs Smith said that one day she ________________________ (retire) from
teaching. She said that she ___________________ (spend) her new free time learning about
computers. 8. I ______________________ (not sleep) at all last night. Someone
___________________ (listen) to music all night. 9. I ___________________ (see) a film a
week ago, but I _______________________ (not enjoy) it very much because I
_______________________ (already read) the book. If I ___________________ (not read) the
book I ____________________________ (probably enjoy) the film more. 10. The judge
sentenced the man to eight years in prison because he ___________________ (rob) a bank. 11.
They ________________________ (stand) in the queue for over an hour when the manager
___________________ (tell) them that there were no more tickets. 12. Alan
___________________ (be) in the car accident yesterday. The other driver
100

___________________ (lose) control of his car because he ___________________ (fall) asleep.

13. She ___________________ (not see) her father since he ___________________ (start) to
work in Marseille two years ago. 14. I ___________________ (sleep) when the fire broke out.
15. Linda phoned and explained that she _________________________ (not can) to come to the
party the next day because she ___________________ (be) still sick. 16. I
________________________ (just see) the film The Da Vinci Code. ___________________
(you see) it too? No, I ___________________ (not have) but I ___________________ (read)
the book. 17. My sister ___________________ (fly) home from London today. Her flight
___________________ (arrive) in an hour so I ___________________ (leave) for the airport
right now to get there in time. 18. Unless he ___________________ (sell) more he wont get
much money. 19. While he ___________________ (wait) for the bus there
___________________ (be) a robbery at the bank. After the robbers ___________________ (go)
away the police ___________________ (come) but they ___________________ (not can) to
catch them. 20. I ___________________ (use) to ski when I was at the university but I
___________________ (break) a leg five years ago and since then I ___________________ (not
ski) any more.
Fill in the correct form verb All Tenses 1.
I _______________ a great film yesterday. (see) 2. _____________________ a new car? (you
ever buy) 3. I _______________ him last Monday. (meet) 4. The band _______________ while I
_______________ . (play, write) 5. She _______________ the new car in 2005. (buy) 6. Her
mother _____________________ in Victoria for the past five years. (live) 7. They
____________________________ in Germany when we arrived a few days ago. (already be) 8.
_______________________ to get married? (you plan) 9. I _____________________ so much
fun since I was a kid. (have) 10. When I got up I _____________________ out of the window
and _____________________ that it _____________________ . (look, see, rain) 11. Janet
_____________________ for Smith and Brothers before she came to work for us. (work) 12. I
_____________________ three movies so far this week. (see) 13. How long
_____________________ for me? (you wait) 14. I _____________________ over Loch Ness
last week. - _____________________ the Loch Ness monster? (fly, you see) 15. Im afraid Im
not hungry. I _____________________ . (already eat) 16. Peter _____________________
football in the afternoon when he got the call. (play) 17. What _____________________
between 9 and 12 yesterday morning, the detective said. (you do) 18. He kept looking at her,
wondering where he _____________________ her before. (see) 19. The doctors waiting room
was full of people. Some _____________________ a magazine, a woman
_____________________ and a child _____________________ with a doll. Suddenly the door
_____________________ and a nurse _____________________ out. (read, knit, play, open,
come) 20. Travelling _____________________ much easier and more comfortable in the past
hundred years. (become) 21. I _____________________ cake. Thats why my hands are full of
flour. (bake) 22. When I first came to this house it _____________________ quite a noisy area.
(be) 23. He twisted his ankle while he _____________________ . (ski) 24.
_____________________ the doors before you leave the house? (you ever lock) 25. My best
friend and I _____________________ each other for 15 years. (know) 26. Jack usually
_____________________ but he _____________________ when his father comes. (smoke, not
smoke) 27. _____________________ breakfast yet? Yes I had it together with Sue at 7. (you
have) 28. I _____________________ this kind of work when I was a small boy. (do) 29. He
_____________________ the paper when his wife came home. (read) 30. He
101

_____________________ for an hour now. Ill be finished soon. (speak) 31. How long
_____________________ John and Maria?- We met the couple over thirteen years ago. (you
know) 32. He _____________________ in Oxford for two years and when his mother died he
moved to London. (live) 33. After Harry _____________________ his work he
_____________________ Jude from the office. (finish, call) 34. You _____________________
your homework for two hours. Havent you finished yet? (do) 35. He always
_____________________ to the supermarket alone, but today he _____________________ his
son with him. (go, take) 36. He never _____________________ in the evening, only on
Sundays. (work) 37. I _____________________ to South America but I have been to New York
several times. (never, be) 38. _____________________ Jean? No, she probably went to her
friends place. (anyone, see) 39. I _____________________ to the bank yesterday but when I got
there it was closed. (go) 40. She _____________________ in school all day. (be) 41. Lee
_____________________ late every day since Tuesday. (be) 42. Herberts father
_____________________ his sons birthday (never forget) 43. I _____________________ my
report because I had a problem with my computer. (not finish)

102

CLAUSES OF PURPOSE,RESULT &

REASON
Clause of purpose: we use:
to + infinitive: She went to the bakers to buy bread.
in order to: Sally is saving money in order to buy a new car.
so that +subject + will/can: He is working hard so that he can save to buy a house.
in case + present/past: Ill make a cake in case they come
in order not /so as not +to infinitive: (are used in negative sentences)
Clause of result:we use:
so + clause (so, therefore) They were thirsty so they drank all the coke.
so +adjective/adverb + that: The coffee was so hot that we couldnt drink it.
such +a/an +adjective + singular noun + that: It was such a lovely day that we had lunch in the
garden.
such +adjective +plural noun/uncountable noun +that: She bought such delicious sweets that I
couldnt stop eating.
Clause of reason:we use
because +clause: They were wet because it was raining.
because of + noun: They couldnt play tennis because of the bad weather.
as/since: (are normally used at the begginig of the sentence). As it is your birthday, I will make
you a cake.

PRACTICE TIME
A. Join the sentences with the linking words in brackets. Make the necessary changes.
1. The fans were really disappointed. The actor didnt sign any autographs (since).
2. The harvest couldnt start. It rained heavily the previous day (due to).
3. She hasnt had much time after school. Our teacher hasnt marked the exams yet (because).
4. It didnt suit Mary. She didnt buy the dress (since).
5. Our neighbours were having a party last night. We couldnt sleep well (owing to).
6. They had to put some warm clothes on. The weather got terribly cold at night (because of).
7. Tom didnt know Mary was coming to London. She didnt phone Tom (since).
8. The play was boring and difficult to understand. The audience didnt like it (because).
9. Some strikers complained. The police acted violently (due to).
10. The tour guide has changed todays schedule without prior warning. Most travellers are angry (since).
11. Nobody could solve it. It was such a difficult maths problem! (owing to).
12. The teacher wasnt watching them. Most students cheated in the exam (as).
13. The number of robberies has increased dramatically. A new law has been implemented (due to).
14. People dont spend so much money nowadays. Toy shops havent sold as many toys as they expected
(because).
15. The rate of unemployment will rise. Lots of factories are closing down (since).
16. The government has passed too strict anti-crisis laws. The popularity of the government has fallen
down (due to).
17. Mother wont forgive him. Peter lied about his school marks (because).
18. Theres an underground strike today. Were walking to work (owing to).
103

19. He swallowed a fish bone. Granddad had to go to hospital (since).

20. Prices are higher and higher. Its hard for people to save money (because).
22. Our flight was cancelled. We missed Thanksgiving dinner (because of).
23. Most of the shopping Mary had done was useless to make the dish I wanted. We had to phone for a
pizza (as).
24. The passengers had to leave the airport terminal. There was a bomb threat (due to).
25. Anti-smoking laws dont allow people to smoke in pubs. Bartenders say they have fewer customers
(because).
26. Most seaside resorts in Spain are spoilt. Theres been a lack of urban planning in these areas (owing
to)
27. The Managing Director was dismissed. The company made a great loss (since).
B. Choose the item that fits best.
1.
Im sure he wont come, he is still angry.
a) for b) on the grounds that c) because
2.
Just I say nothing you mustnt suppose I am happy.
a) since b) as
c) because
3.
. it was getting dark, we decided to return home.
a) Because
b) As
c) Now that
4.
he knows the truth, whats he going to do about it?
a) On the grounds that b) As
c) Now that
5.
.. he is over eighty, he cant stand for President again.
a) Sinceb) Now that
c) Because
6.
Ill be at home this afternoon.. I am feeling unwell.
a) as
b) for c) because
7.
you no longer love me we might as well part.
a) Sinceb) Because
c) On the grounds that.
8.
He resigned he had been failing in health for the
a) since b) because
c) on the grounds that
9.
They hate him he is so much better than them.
a) as
b) seeing that c) because
10.
it was late, we went to bed.
a) Seeing that b) Because
c) As

last six months.

C. Reason or result?
1. The pop group cancelled their concert . the heavy rain.
2. The snails came out . it had rained the previous night.
3. I had fallen asleep and I didnt hear the phone ring.
4. I had guitar lessons last year.. now I know how to play.
5. Sea turtles are in danger of extinction tourism.
6. Helen didnt come to the party .. she had to care for her little brother.
7. The hotel rooms were awful..we had to leave.
8. We went to the disco we wanted to dance.
9. Sylvia is not ready yet,. she will meet us later.
10. People cause fires. .. forests are becoming extinct.
11. I went out in the rain without an umbrella, ..I got sick.
12. I didnt go with them last night I didnt want to see Mike.
D. Rephrase
1. Some experts think the world is growing warmer, but others disagree.
While
104

2. I don't enjoy rock music, but I went to the concert anyway.

Although
3. Whereas prices rose last year, this year they have gone down.
Prices rose last year
4. Jim had a headache, but he still read until late.
In spite of his
5. Even though they were losing at half-time, City won in the end.
Despite
6. He wants to work as a disc jockey, whether his parents like the idea or not.
He wants to work as a disc jockey, even
7. Sam lost his job because he was lazy.
Sam was
8. I couldn't buy the house because it was expensive.
The house was
9. The book was so interesting that I couldn't put it down.
It was
10. There was too much noise, so we couldn't hear the speech.
There was so
11. The house was too much small to live in comfortably.
The house wasn't
12. The class was cancelled because there weren't enough students.
There were so
13. The mouse ran into its hole to avoid being trapped by the cat.
The mouse ran into its hole so as
14. She set the timer to avoid overcooking the beans.
She set the timer in
15. They used chemicals in order to kill the insects in the trees.
They used chemicals so
16. They made several complaints to the manager to prevent the same thing from happening again.
They made several complaints to the manager so

105

TENSE QUIZ
1. _____ your homework?
A. Have you done B. Has you done C. Did you do D. Have you do E. Has you done
2. Which books .......................................... to school yesterday?
A. took you B. take you C. have you taken D. do you take E. did you take
3. When _____?
A. do you arrived B. did you arrived C. has you arrived D. have you arrived E. did you arrive
4. We _____ my aunt next week on Friday. It will be her birthday.
A. will visit B. visited C. is visiting D. have visited E. are visiting
5. We ............................... that film.
A. will already seen B. have already seen C. has already seen D. already saw E. already did see
6. The weather forecast says the sun _____ tomorrow.
A. is going to shine B. is shining C. may shine D. shines E. will shine
7. She _____ in this house for years.
A. has been living B. has lived C. have lived D. lived E. lives
8. Many things _____ this month.
A. changed B. didn't changed C. has changed D. have changed E. would change
9. Look! She .. from a large whisky-bottle.
A. are drinking B. drink C. drinks D. is drinking E. will drink
10. Leif Ericson..................Vinland while he towards the west.
A. was discovering ... sailed B. has discovered ... were sailing C. has discovered ... was sailing D.
discovered ... was sailing E. discovered ... sailed
11. If I ....................... the Superman, I ........................
A.was/ fly B. were/ will fly C. were/ would fly D. would be/ flew E. would be/ would fly
12. I . (finish) doing this exercise.
A. am finishing B. has just finished C. have just finished D. just finished E. just have finished
13. I ........................................... positive reviews about that film in the papers so I am going to see it.
A. has read B. have read C. read D. readed E. will read
14. Hi Jane, you _____ sad! What's up?
A. are looking B. is looking C. look D. looks E. will look
15. He mineral water every day.
A. are drinking. B. drink C. drinks D. is drinking E. will drink
16. He was late. When he ......................... at the airport, the plane ...................
A. left ... had arrived B. has arrived ... left C. had arrived ... left D. had arrived ... had left E. arrived ... had
already left
17. He ......................................... about everything!
A. always complain B. always complains C. is always complaining D. is complaining E. will always
complain
18. Harry ............... and we ............................ him the news.
A. had woken up/told B. wakes up /told C. was waking up/ told D. woke up told E. woke up were telling
19. After he .............................painting, he ..........................a shower.
A. finish / have B. has/ finished had C. had finished/ had D. had finished/ had had E. finished/ had
20. ........................................... rugby?
A. Did you ever played B. Do you ever played C. Has you ever played D. Have you ever play E. Have
you ever played
FILL IN WITH THE CORRECT VERB FORM:
1. Hardly had the minister finished his speech when gunshots ---- (storm) the stadium.
2. Everybody will be at the office at about 08:30 tomorrow as the meeting ---- (start) at nine o'clock.
3. That candidate who we had been interviewed before we ---- (speak) to all the others is still my favorite.
4. While climbing onto the mountain top, I ---- (encounter) a strange animal which I'd never seen before.
106

5. The chairman was sure that his plan would work out fine as no other member ---- (oppose) it up to that
time.
6. I wasn't surprised to hear that Monica ---- (have) an accident as she is a very reckless driver.
7. Since the very first day when the Umbrella Company embarked upon such a dangerous and risky labresearch, very strange incidents ---- (take place) within the research complex.
8. Urbanization ---- (always / be) a problem which causes several environmental challenges ever since the
rate of migration ---- (increase) after the industrial revolution.
9. When I ---- (come) home this evening, my parents had gone out for a walk.
10. By the time the troops ---- (arrive), the war will have ended.
11. By the year 2020, linguists ---- (study) the Indy-European language family for more than 200 years.
12. Gasoline ---- (become) a major problem for people for the last ten years, therefore, during this time
many people have preferred to sell their cars and buy smaller ones.
13. By the time he was 14, Wolfgang Mozart ---- (compose) an enviable number of musical pieces.
14. Nothing in my life ---- (be) so strong to stop me achieve my goals so far and I don't think anything
will be.
15. Archaeologists ----- (explain) recently that an ancient underground city around Cappadocia has long
wide corridors where there are many special areas for making cheese and wine.
16. I was amazed when he accepted a drink, since I ---- (always / assume) that he was a teetotaler.
17. I ---- (play) tennis tomorrow but I won't be able to do that because I have injured my right ankle.
18. We ---- (visit) the seashore many times before but last summer we enjoyed ourselves more than ever.
19. According to a survey, thousands of vending machines ---- (have to be converted) before the new
coins have come into circulation.
MULTIPLE CHOICE 2
1. This time tomorrow some of the people in this room __________________ to their home
countries.
A will travel B will travelling C will be travelling D will have travelling
2. Augusto couldn't open the classroom door because one of the other students __________ it from
the inside.
A locked B was locking C has locked D had locked
3. Every day, even when it's raining heavily, Henry ____ for an early morning run before eating
breakfast.
A going B is going C goes D is gone
4. At the moment, _________ an exercise in order to review the English verb tenses that I have
learned.
A I do B I doing C I'm doing D I've done
5. Before people landed on the Moon in 1969, some people ________ that the moon was made of
cheese.
A believed B were believing C have believed D had been believing
6. By Christmas, all of the students in our class __________________ to their countries.
A will return B will have returned C will be returning D will have returning

107

7. This is Javi's last week at the school so ________________ Goodbye to all his new friends for the
last three days.
A he says B he said C he's said D he's been saying
8. I'm sorry I can't come to your party tomorrow night. __________ dinner with Cristina and
Samara. Maybe I can come along afterwards.
A I will have B I'm having C I have D I will have had
9. So far, during her time at International House Bristol, Tchior ________ to six pancake parties and
fifteen barbecues.
A came B comes C has come D has been coming
10. At six o'clock this morning most of us were asleep in bed. But Atheer ____________ for today's
grammar.
A studied B studies C was studying D has studied
11. This is the second to last question in this set of questions. In two minutes' time
you __________________ and then you will find out your score.
A will finish B will have finished C will be finishing D will have been finishing
12. When Elisabetta _______ for her morning lesson, the teacher was collecting the homework from
the other students.
A arrived B was arriving C had arrived D had been arriving
MULTIPLE CHOICE 3
1. As the sun _____, I decided to go out.
A. ? --A. ? shines
B. ? a
B. ? shine
C. ? the
C. ? has shone
D. ? some of
D. ? was shining
6. I _____ your uncle tomorrow, so I'll
2. It's a long journey by train; it's much
give him your note.
_____ by road.
A. ? going to see
A. ? more quickly
B. ? have seen
B. ? quickly
C. ? shall have sheen
C. ? quicker
D. ? am seeing
D. ? more quick
7. She walked _____ the road without
3. My house is opposite _____ the park.
looking.
A. ? of
A. ? by
B. ? from
B. ? across
C. ? to
C. ? through
D. ? --D. ? long
4. They _____ married in church last year.
8. Has _____?
A. ? are
A. ? the post yet come
B. ? have
B. ? the post come yet
C. ? made
C. ? come the post yet
D. ? got
D. ? yet the post came
5. She loves _____ Hungarian music.
9. I don't speak Japanese, but Jenny _____.
108

A. ? do
B. ? does
C. ? speaks
D. ? is speaking it
10. "_____ yet?" " Nearly."
A. ? Do you finish
B. ? Did you finish
C. ? Have you finished
D. ? Are you finishing
11. We spent _____ day sunbathing.
A. ? whole of the
B. ? whole
C. ? all the
D. ? the whole
12. She said she _____ for five hours.
A. ? has worked
B. ? worked
C. ? had been working
D. ? has been working
13. By the time the police arrived, the
thieves _____ the stolen money.
A. ? are hiding
B. ? hide
C. ? had hidden
D. ? will have hidden
14. They never do _____ homework.
A. ? they
B. ? their
C. ? they're
D. ? there
15. It's not raining _____.
A. ? more
B. ? any more
C. ? no more
D. ? some more
16. _____ cows are animals.
A. ? The
B. ? Some
C. ? A
D. ? --17. Janet is _____.
A. ? an old my friend
B. ? an old friend of me
C. ? a my old friend
D. ? an old friend of mine
18. _____ books on this shelf were written
by Dickens.
A. ? All the
B. ? Every
C. ? The all
D. ? All

19. He's _____ intelligent than his sister.

A. ? much less
B. ? not so
C. ? much fewer
D. ? lesser
20. Can you play _____ piano?
A. ? on the
B. ? --C. ? a
D. ? the
21. The whole thing is much simpler _____
you think.
A. ? than
B. ? as what
C. ? --D. ? then
22. My brother's son is my _____.
A. ? cousin
B. ? uncle
C. ? son-in-law
D. ? nephew
23. My uncle arrived while I _____ dinner.
A. ? cook
B. ? was cooking
C. ? had cooked
D. ? would cook
24. Don't be late _____ your music lesson.
A. ? at
B. ? for
C. ? on
D. ? to
25. How long does it _____ to get to
London?
A. ? need
B. ? take
C. ? want
D. ? make
26. He doesn't like company. He always
works _____.
A. ? alone
B. ? solo
C. ? only
D. ? lonely
27. "It's a pity you haven't seen that play."
"But I have, I _____ it last week."
A. ? have seen
B. ? saw
C. ? was seen
D. ? had seen
28. If you _____ to town tomorrow, will
you do some shopping for me?
109

A. ? go
B. ? will go
C. ? went
D. ? will be going
29. I've got a very good _____ with the
BBC.
A. ? profession
B. ? job
C. ? work
D. ? occupation
30. Yesterday I _____ my son's trousers.
A. ? sew
B. ? sawed
C. ? sow
D. ? sewed
31. He won't be late, _____ he?
A. ? won't
B. ? will
C. ? isn't
D. ? don't
32. I feel _____ after all this typing.
A. ? terribly bad
B. ? terribly tired
C. ? myself terribly tired
D. ? myself terribly bad
33. When _____ Mr. Jones?
A. ? you did meet
B. ? did you meet
C. ? have you met
D. ? you met
34. Smoking is a bad _____ of yours.
A. ? custom
B. ? usage
C. ? practice
D. ? habit
35. We have been waiting for you _____.
A. ? an hour
B. ? since an hour
C. ? for an hour
D. ? an hour ago
36. How long does the train _____ from
London to Edinburgh take?
A. ? travel
B. ? tour
C. ? voyage
D. ? journey
37. They _____ to the theatre twice so far
this month.
A. ? were
B. ? have been
C. ? are going

D. ? are
38. I can't wait. I'm _____ a hurry.
A. ? in
B. ? on
C. ? with
D. ? for
39. Do you know _____ I met last
Saturday?
A. ? with whom
B. ? that whom
C. ? --D. ?S who
40. He would be very happy if you _____
what he asked.
A. ? will do
B. ? do
C. ? did
D. ? have done
41. Will you do me a favour if _____ you?
A. ? somebody wants it
B. ? I want
C. ? I ask
D. ? we all would like
42. He was fined by the police for driving
too _____.
A. ? fastly
B. ? speedy
C. ? fast
D. ? hard
43. The family lost their money on roulette
so they're unable to buy _____.
A. ? anything
B. ? something
C. ? everything
D. ? nothing
44. We _____ be millionaires one day.
A. ? will has to
B. ? can be able to
C. ? could
D. ? have had to
45. "Can you lend me a pound?" "_____"
A. ? No, sadly.
B. ? Not, sorry.
C. ? I'm afraid not.
D. ? I afraid no.
46. The hijackers were arrested and didn't
know where _____.
A. ? they would take
B. ? will be taken
C. ? they're taken
D. ? they were being taken
110

47. The policeman warned the photographer

_____ too near.
A. ? shouldn't come
B. ? not to come
C. ? don't come
D. ? doesn't come
48. A horrible morning was followed by a
torrent of rain _____ afternoon.
A. ? on late
B. ? in late
C. ? late in
D. ? late in the
49. "What are you doing?" "I _____ to find
my watch."
A. ? tried
B. ? try
C. ? 'm trying
D. ? 've tried
50. "How many eggs have we got?"
"_____"
A. ? Not too many.
B. ? There aren't some.
C. ? Not too much.
D. ? They're no in the fridge.
51. "Some sugar?" "_____"
A. ? Yes, please.
B. ? No, I don't.
C. ? Thanks, I'd like.
D. ? No, no me!
52. In his spare time he works _____ a
salesman for an insurance company.
A. ? as
B. ? like
C. ? at
D. ? out
53. No matter _____, you must keep trying.
A. ? how difficult it seems
B. ? however seems it difficult
C. ? however it seems difficult
D. ? how difficult does it seem
54. My train arrived at 10:15, which means:
_____.

A. ? fifteen past ten

B. ? fifteen ten
C. ? ten fifteen
D. ? ten past fifteen
55. The old general told us stories of how he
_____.
A. ? defeat the enemy
B. ? was fighting in the battles of 1944
C. ? has fought the Germans
D. ? had won the war alone
56. My son is only one and a half years old
but he can already _____.
A. ? hurry
B. ? go
C. ? come
D. ? walk
57. "How old is she now?" "She _____ in
1905."
A. ? born
B. ? was born
C. ? was burn
D. ? was borne
58. If you'd written earlier, I'd have known
when you _____ to go on holiday.
A. ? wanted
B. ? will want
C. ? would intend
D. ? would want
59. The tourists were looking forward
_____ the Tate Gallery.
A. ? a visit to
B. ? to visit
C. ? to visiting
D. ? visiting
60. How much longer _____ this
dictionary?
A. ? you need
B. ? will you need
C. ? need you
D. ? have you needed

111

ROUND UP
Convert the phrases below into reported speech.
"It's raining," she said.
He said to her, "I love you."
"I saw Mara in the supermarket yesterday," said Carlos.
"We've lived here for three years," he said.
"I'll bring a pasta salad," said Francesca.
"Mark's going to install solar panels," said Miranda.
"They found gold here," said the geology teacher.
"Jenny can't speak French," said Pierre.
"I first met my wife in Seville," he told us.
"I want your homework handed in by tomorrow," he said.
"My mother made these cakes," said Juan.
"I'm feeling tired now," said David.
Circle the correct answer.
1 I ______________ remember his name.

6 You'll be able to solve this, ______________?

am not able to

can you

can't

won't you

red herring

will you

2 Diana ______________ the piano.

7 Sorry, Teacher. I ______________do it yet.

can play

wasn't able to

can to play

couldn't

eats

haven't been able to

3 She ______________ come on holiday next month if her

parents give her permission.
A

can't

could

will be able to

4 They ______________ go. The weather was too bad.

A

couldn't

can't

wasn't able to

5 A: Can you lend me some money?

B: Sorry. I ______________. I haven't got any either.
A

can't

He ______________ pass the exam if he studied harder.

A

will be able to

can

would be able to

The fishing boat sank, but luckily all the crew

______________ save themselves.
A

were able to

could

wasn't able to

10 We ______________ go to the party. We're going to a

wedding.
A

couldn't

won't be able to

112

am not able to

couldn't

will can't

Use one of the modal verbs in brackets to fill the gaps.

You (may/could)________________ leave now if you wish.

(Could/May)________________ you open the window a bit, please?

(May/Can)________________ you play the piano?

Listen, please. You (may not/could not)________________ speak during this exam.

You (can't/might not)________________ smoke on the bus.

(Can't/May)________________ I make a call on your mobile?

Do you know if Mark (can/may)________________ sing?

(Can't/May)________________ I sit here, please?

Caroline, your friends (can/could)________________ stay the night if they want to. They're
perfectly welcome.

10

I'm sorry but you (can't/may)________________ use the computer until after I've finished.

11

(May/Could)________________ you lend me 40 Euros til Monday?

12

Listen, please. Students (may/could)________________ study in the library from five to nine in
the evening.

Would/should or ought to/might + have + past participle - Use the verb in brackets to fill the gaps.
1

If I had gone to the sales, I'm sure I ___________________ something. (to buy)

Clare was very upset you didn't go to her birthday party. You ___________________ . (to go)

No one's answering the phone.They ___________________ out. (to go)

The lights are out. They ___________________ to sleep. (to go)

We ___________________ Dave to the party if we had known he was in town. (to invite)

You ___________________ at Samantha. She'll never forgive you. (to shout-NEGATIVE)

I ___________________ to have done some acting when I was younger. (to love)

113

You ___________________ to the pub on Saturday. We had a great time. (to come)

She ___________________ her mind. I'm not sure. (to change)

10

You ___________________ so much money on CDs. You'll have problems getting to the end of the month
now. (to spend-NEGATIVE)

Decide which type of modal goes with each sentence and then fill the gaps with have to, must, should or ought
to. When you see NEGATIVE, the modal verb must be in a negative form.
1

If you want to lose weight, you _____________ eat pasta, potatoes, white bread or white rice.
NEGATIVE

It's alright. You _____________ come to Muriel's wedding if you don't want to. NEGATIVE

Stupid boy! You _____________ play with matches! NEGATIVE

I haven't heard from Eleonora for ages. Maybe I _____________ give her a ring.

You _____________ remember your passport. Otherwise they won't let you on the plane.

The weather forecast says this weekend will be fine. We _____________ go on a picnic.

You _____________ go there on your own. It's extremely dangerous. NEGATIVE

You _____________ come if you don't feel like it. NEGATIVE

You _____________ take life so seriously. Relax a bit. NEGATIVE

10

Orange juice in cartons has no goodness in it at all. You _____________ make it yourself.

11

You _____________ drink and drive. NEGATIVE

12

These instructions are difficult to follow. They _____________ to explain things better.

Circle the correct answer.

1

Jim doesn't have a

_________________.

girlfriend

now

but

he 6

If you go to live in the United Kingdom,

you_________________ on the left.

didn't use to

'll have to get used to drive

used to

'll have to get used to driving

was using to

'd have had to get used to

People _________________ the Internet yet but in a 7

few years time everybody will be surfing around like
crazy.
A

aren't used to using

don't use

isn't used to using

I _________________ to play football when I was 8

young. I'm too old and fat to play now.

114

At first it was difficult for her to speak in French all the

time but she _________________ to it now.
A

is used

uses

gets used

After the holidays it takes

_________________ up early again.

me

week

use

to get used to getting

got used to

to be used to getting

used

to get used to get

Pepe Juan was in London for a year. He liked England 9

but he _________________ the insipid food and the
miserable weather.

The queue in the baker's _________________ to be so

bad but now it's terrible. It must be that new chapata
bread they bake. It's delicious.

could ever get used to

didn't use

could never get used to

didn't used

can ever get used to

was used

I've been getting up early every day for years but I 10

_________________ to it.
A

used

am still not used

am already used

Do you mind if I _________________ your phone?

A

used

am using

use

Change the sentences from the active to the passive.

1

Did they catch the thief?

Will The King inaugurate the new bridge?

Do they make cars in Korea?

Do the hounds kill the fox?

Did the bull kill the matador?

Have the police found the body?

Why has the government banned the film?

When did they hijack the plane?

How did your host family treat you?

10

What caused the accident?

11

Has anyone cleaned the oven yet?

12

Is a doctor going to examine you?

Circle the correct answer.

1 ___________'s the post office?

___________ is your favourite football player?

How much

When

Who

What

Where

Who

2 ___________'s the president of France?

7 ___________ is The Atlantic Ocean?

115

Who

How deep

Which

How much

Whose

How

3 ___________ is your boyfriend? He looks about thirty.

A

How much

How old

How long

4 Billy: ___________ are you angry with me? I haven't

done anything.
Sally: Exactly.
A

How

What

Why

5 Billy: ___________ is Paris like?

Marie: It's beautiful.

Jimmy, you've grown so much. ___________ are you

now?
A

How long

How much

How tall

Sally: ___________ do you take the dog for a walk?

Jilly: Oh. Twice a day.
A

With what frequency

How often

When

10 ___________ does it take to get from Valencia to

Madrid by car?

How

How many times

What

How long

Who

How far

Fill the gap using the verb in brackets. Think very carefully about the meaning of the phrase before deciding
whether to use a negative or positive verb form. Use type III conditional phrase
1

I wouldn't be angry if you _____________________ my chocolate mousse. (to eat)

If he had known you were in hospital, he _____________________ you. (to visit)

We wouldn't have come by taxi if we _____________________ the right bus. (to find)

We would have visited the Prado gallery if we _____________________ time. (to have)

If you hadn't been asking me questions all the time, I _____________________ the film.(to enjoy)

If I _____________________ your number, I would have phoned.(to know)

If just one person had remembered my birthday, I _____________________ sad. (to be)

I would have understood the film if it _____________________ in German. (to be*)

They _____________________ to see you if they hadn't been away. (to come)

10

If she _____________________ on a double yellow line, she wouldn't have got a fine. (to park)

11

If I'd known you were coming, I _____________________ a cake. (to bake)

12

If she _____________________ the shed unlocked, they wouldn't have stolen her bike. (to leave)

13

If you had told me about the concert, I _____________________. (to go)

14

The storm _____________________ a lot of damage if it had come this way. (to do)

15

The holidays would have been great if the weather _____________________ better. (to be)

116

There are three distinct types of I wish / if only sentences:1 - REGRETS with the PAST PERFECT (the third conditional) e.g. I wish I hadn't got so angry.
2 - WANTING CHANGE FOR THE PRESENT OR FUTURE with the PAST SIMPLE e.g. I
wish I had enough money to go to Mozambique this summer.
3 - COMPLAINTS with WOULD + INFINITIVE e.g. I wish you wouldn't arrive so late all the
time.
Regrets
1

I wish I ___________________ drunk and kissed Samantha. (get NEGATIVE)

I wish it ___________________ so much. The garden's turned to mud. (rain NEGATIVE)

If only I ___________________ there, I wouldn't have got a fine. (park NEGATIVE)

Wanting change
4

If only I ___________________ more time for my hobbies. (have)

I wish it ___________________ more often in Valencia. (rain)

I wish I ___________________ to go to your nephew's wedding. (have NEGATIVE)

Complaints
7

I wish you ___________________ so much. You're a complete idiot when you're drunk. (drink NEGATIVE)

If only it ___________________ . The garden's as dry as a bone. (rain)

I wish Samantha ___________________ her hair more often. It looks so greasy all the time. (wash)

Mixed
10

I wish you ___________________ so horrible to your brother. He's a really nice bloke. (be NEGATIVE)

11

I wish the council ___________________ that beautiful old house. It was part of the town's heritage.
(demolish NEGATIVE)

12

If only I ___________________ the money to go to Jon's wedding in The States. (have)

13

I wish I ___________________ her she'd put on weight. She hates me now. (tell NEGATIVE)

14

I wish you ___________________ to your mother like that. (speak NEGATIVE)

15

If only we ___________________ a Hewlett Packard printer. The cartridges are so expensive. (buy
NEGATIVE)

16

I wish Jorge ___________________ so fast. It's only a matter of time before he kills someone. (drive
NEGATIVE

Circle the correct answer.

1 Dad, Ana _________ an ice cream.

6 Next week we _________ snorkeling.

A wants
B want
C went
2 I _________ Luis for a long time now.

A 're going
B went
C will go
7 __________ the movie?

117

A didn't see
B don't see
C haven't seen

A Do you like
B Like you
C Do you

3 In the summer, we __________ and go swimming

everyday.

8 I was listening to music when somebody __________ at

the door.

A sunbathed
B are sunbathing
C sunbathe

A is knocking
B knocked
C was knocking

4 Two people are sitting outside in the garden."We hope you

__________ this marvellous weather as much as we are."

9 The house is in a terrible mess. We've got workmen in . The

plumber __________ a new bath and shower.

A enjoy
B enjoyed
C are enjoying

A puts
B put
C is putting in

5 I __________ dinner when suddenly I heard a strange

noise.

10 I __________ here now for over thirty-five years.

A am living
B have been living
C live

A was cooking
B cook
C cooked

Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using either the past perfect or the past simple tenses.
1

By the time we got to the cinema the film ______________ (to start), so we missed the first five minutes.

When I rang the bell there was no answer. The neighbour told me that they ______________ (to go out) about
half an hour ago.

I saw Casablanca for the first time last night. I ______________ (to see NEGATIVE) it before.

I feel fat. I ______________ (to have) a huge lunch.

I spent a week in Miami recently. I ______________ (to be) there before.

There was so much to see in Toledo. I wanted to see everything but I ______________ (to have NEGATIVE)
enough time.

If I ______________ (to know) about the concert, I would have gone.

If you ______________ (to take) my advice, it wouldn't have happened.

We would have had an argument, if she ______________ (to mention) politics.

10

If you ______________ (to not park) there, you wouldn't have got a parking fine.

11

They found the body on a building site. It ______________ (to mutilate "in the passive!").

12

She told me she ______________ (to buy) a new car.

13

When he arrived, Eve wasn't there. She ______________ (to leave) about five minutes before.

14

When we arrived back in Spain, they ______________ (to lose) our luggage. We only had to wait two days to
get it back though, and they delivered it to the house.

118

15

When I ______________ (to get back), nobody had done the washing up. I was furious.

Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using either the present perfect or the past simple tenses.
1

A: I ________________ (to see, negative) Anna for a long time.

B: Really? I ________________ her yesterday. (to see)

They ________________ (to go) to Venice three years ago.

David lost his wallet yesterday but he ________________ (to find) it this morning in his jacket pocket.

________________ (to be with you) to Paris?

We ________________ (to live) in this house for five years and we're very happy here.

I know Manchester quite well. I ________________ (to live) there for three years when I was a student

He ________________ (to meet) Sally in the supermarket last week.

She feels great. She ________________ (to lose) three kilos since Christmas.

10

It's cold in here because someone ________________ (to open) the window.

11

Before they bought the car, they ________________ (to think) about it very carefully.

12

________________ (to feed with you) the cat yet?

13

The last time I ________________ (to play) tennis was four years ago.

The difference between remember and remind is complicated.

Teresa reminds me of Scarlett Johansson./ She reminded me to buy milk
She remembered to tell me to buy milk./ I remember when you had long hair

B Fill the gaps with remember and remind in the correct form, using the model sentences to help you.
1

I can't _____________ anything about the accident at all.

Have you _____________ Jack to bring his credit card?

I must _____________ myself to take my pills after lunch.

I must _____________ to take my pills after lunch.

_____________ me to take my umbrella, please.

She forgot to _____________ him about the plumber coming.

You _____________ me of my cousin Ze.

Do you _____________ the time we went to Songkhla and had that fantastic crab curry?

Sometimes Valencia _____________ me of Sydney.

10

Come on. Try to _____________ what he was wearing.

11

Those funny trousers you're wearing _____________ me of Tintin.

12

The last thing he _____________ was ordering another drink.

Fill the gaps with beat, earn and win in the correct form.

119

It's none of your business how much I ______________.

Samantha's just bought a red convertible. She must have ______________ the lottery.

When I ______________ Jonathan at table tennis, he got very angry.

No one I know has ever ______________ her at pool. She's a great player.

A: Who ______________ ? Valencia or Real Madrid?

B: Valencia, of course.

Zaragossa ______________ Arsenal every time they meet.

Jim was ______________ big money before he went off to teach in Thailand.

I love my job but I need to ______________ more money.

England won The World Cup in 1966. They ______________ Germany.

10

Spain ______________ Australia in The Davis Cup.

11

He ______________ me in the first round but I won in the end.

12

I dare you to ______________ me at tiddlywinks.

13

You deserve a holiday. You've really ______________ it.

14

Teachers in London don't ______________ enough money to buy a house

Choose the right answer

How ________ money have you got in your purse?
much
many
cost
How ________ eggs do we need?
many
cost
much
How ________ eggs do we need?
many
cost
much
A What is he ________? B He's buying some things for
lunch.
do
to do
doing
This book is for ________.
hers
her
she
When ________ you have dinner?
do
are
does
Where did you ________ to school?
went
go
goes
It's not ours, it's ________.

theirs
they're
their
I think English is ________ than maths.
easier
more easy
easy
I'm on holiday at the moment but I ________ in an hotel.
'm working
working
work
________ he ever been to France?
Have
Has
Did
Where ________ the drinks?
did you got
you get
did you get
How ________ bread do you eat?
much
any
many
Those ________ my pens. They're yours.
aren't
isn't
don't
What are ________?

120

that
this
those

Choose the right answer

1.

Did our teacher provide __________ for us?

bad
badder
worse

much handout
many handout
many handouts
2.
The school's problems _____ various.

7.

was
were
is

for
since
while

3.

8.
If you need the car in the afternoon, I ______
shopping in the morning.

All my friends live _____ North Lincoln Street.

in
on
at
4.

I haven't been to London _______ three years.

go
would go
will go
I'm new to this job. What exactly ________ do?
9.
Before I (go) _____ to London, I (not / enjoy)
________ learning English.

I have to
do I have to
I had to

go - have not enjoyed

went - have not enjoyed
went - had not enjoyed

5.
If she _______ about his financial situation, she
would have helped him out.

10.
On the Roman Emperor visit, the Roman soldiers
(tell) ______ him that Pictish tribes from Britain's north
(attack) _______ them.

had known
knew
have known

told - had attacked

tell - had attacked
told - have attaked

6.
The weather today is even _______ than
yesterday.

ENGLISH PROFICIENCY TEST

Part I: English Grammar - Select the best answer.
1. Juan___________ in the library this morning.
A. is study
B. studying
C. is studying
D. are studying

4. Eli's hobbies include jogging, swimming, and

__________.
A. to climb mountains
B. climb mountains
C. to climb
D. climbing mountains

2. Alicia, __________ the windows please. It's too hot in

here.
A. opens
B. open
C. opened
D. will opened

5. Mr. Hawkins requests that someone _________ the data

by fax immediately.
A. sent
B. sends
C. send
D. to send
6. Who is ____________ , Marina or Sachiko?
A. tallest
B. tall
C. taller
D. the tallest

3. The movie was __________ the book.

A. as
B. as good
C. good as
D. as good as

121

7. The concert will begin ________ fifteen minutes.

A. in
B. on
C. with
D. about
8. I have only a ________ Christmas cards left to write.
A. few
B. fewer
C. less
D. little
9. Each of the Olympic athletes ____________ for months,
even years.
A. have been training
B. were training
C. has been training
D. been training
10. Maria __________ never late for work.
A. am
B. are
C. were
D. is
11. The company will upgrade _________ computer
information systems next month.
A. there
B. their
C. it's

D. its
12. Cheryl likes apples, _________ she does not like
oranges.
A. so
B. for
C. but
D. or
13. You were ____________ the New York office before 2
p.m.
A. suppose call
B. supposed to call
C. supposed calling
D. supposed call
14. When I graduate from college next June, I
_____________ a student here for five years.
A. will have been
B. have been
C. has been
D. will have
15. Ms. Guth _________ rather not invest that money in the
stock market.
A. has to
B. could
C. would
D. must

Part II: English Grammar - Select the one underlined word or phrase that is incorrect.
1. The majority to the news is about violence or scandal.
2. Takeshi swimmed one hundred laps in the pool yesterday.
3. When our vacation, we plan to spend three days scuba diving.
4. Mr. Feinauer does not take critical of his work very well.
5. Yvette and Rinaldo send e-mail messages to other often.
6. Mr. Olsen is telephoning a American Red Cross for help.
7. I had a enjoyable time at the party last night.
8. The doctor him visited the patient's parents.
9. Petra intends to starting her own software business in a few years.
10. Each day after school, Jerome run five miles.
11. He goes never to the company softball games.
12. Do you know the student who books were stolen?
13. Jean-Pierre will spend his vacation either in Singapore nor the Bahamas.
14. I told the salesman that I was not interesting in buying the latest model.
15. Frederick used work for a multinational corporation when he lived in Malaysia.
Part III. English Vocabulary - Select the best answer.
1. The rate of ___________ has been fluctuating wildly
this week.
A. money
B. bills
C. coins
D. exchange

3. Do you ____________ where the nearest grocery store

is?
A. know
B. no
C. now
D. not

2. The bus ___________ arrives late during bad weather.

A. every week
B. later
C. yesterday
D. always

4. Jerry Seinfeld, the popular American comedian, has his

audiences ___________.
A. putting too many irons in the fire
B. keeping their noses out of someone's business
C. rolling in the aisles
D. going to bat for someone

122

5. The chairperson will ____________ members to the

subcommittee.
A. appoint
B. disappoint
C. appointment
D. disappointed
6. The critics had to admit that the ballet ______________
was superb.
A. procrastinate
B. performance
C. pathology
D. psychosomatic
7. Peter says he can't ___________ our invitation to dinner
tonight.
A. angel
B. across
C. accept
D. almost

8. We were __________ friends in that strange but magical

country.
A. upon
B. among
C. toward
D. in addition to
9. The hurricane caused ____________ damage to the city.
A. extend
B. extended
C. extensive
D. extension
10. Many cultures have special ceremonies to celebrate a
person's _________ of passage into adulthood.
A. right
B. rite
C. writ
D. write

123

FOLLOW UP
A.
1. My brother' s habits really ..... me!
a) angry
b) annoy
c) hurt
2. Please turn the music ..... ; it' s too loud.
a) down
b) out
c) off
3. She likes watching TV, ..... cartoons.
a) continually
b) particularly
c) always
4. Jenny is always ..... her nails.
a) chewing
b) eating
c) biting
5. John ...... to get up early to do his homework.
a) prefers
b) enjoys
c) chooses
6. I ..... a photograph with my letter.
a) put
b) included
c) enclosed
7. George is a ..... of ANA club.
a) person
b) member
c) character
8. Britain' s Scouts did not ..... girls.
a) remember
b) follow
c) accept
9. Mary doesn' t read everything in a newspaper; she
only reads the ......
a) titles
b) headings
c) headlines
10. The fire last summer ..... 30,000 trees.
a) destroyed
b) attacked
c) put away
11. Oh! The food has gone bad. We ought to buy a
new......
a) stereo
b) fridge
c) barbecue
12. The Oxford University was ..... in the thirteenth
century.
a) founded
b) found
c) renovated
13. My car has broken down. Can you ..... it?
a) renovate

b) clean
c) repair
14. I never eat anything ..... I swim.
a) since
b) before
c) after
15. Don' t swim here. The sea is ......
a) unhealthy
b) polluted
c) dirty
16. Children can be ..... if they are unhappy.
a) privileged
b) lively
c) aggresive
17. In the past black people were ..... against white
people.
a) discriminated
b) different
c) superior
18. Who is the ..... runner in your school?
a) faster
b) more fast
c) fastest
19. Dress ..... when exercising.
a) regularly
b) comfortably
c) confidently
20. We know he can jump ..... than that.
a) high
b) higher
c) highest
B.
1. I' m worried because my friend smokes......
a) strongly
b) heavily
c) hardly
2. If I were a car, I ..... be a HONDA.
a) ought to
b) should
c) would
3. We ought to ..... the football match because it' s
raining very hard.
a) cancel
b) call
c) clear
4. My sister becomes ..... when people ask her to do
things she does not like.
a) satisfied
b) stubborn
c) surprised
5. We ..... swim near windsurfers.
a) wouldn' t
b) oughtn' t
c) shouldn' t

124

6. We never stop ..... a language.

a) learning
b) learn
c) to learn
7. If I ..... you, I' d write that letter straight away.
a) were
b) have been
c) had been
8. How do you ..... when friends make suggestions?
a) respond
b) answer
c) feel
9. I don' t want to cook. Let' s buy some ..... food.
a) takehome
b) takeaway
c) takeoff
10. They often go to the ..... pub for a drink.
a) near
b) social
c) local
11. Betty had lost a lot of weight and I didn' t ..... her
at first.
a) see
b) recognize
c) understand
12. He' s very happy because he ..... his exam.
a) passed
b) did
c) won
13. They have some very lovely ..... in their garden.
a) booths
b) bushes

c) wigs
14. Her uncle' s son is her......
a) brother
b) nephew
c) cousin
15. People are generally ..... of snakes.
a) afraid
b) ashamed
c) hidden
16. He couldn' t listen to his walkman because his
mother had ..... the batteries.
a) tied
b) removed
c) changed
17. Romeo ..... in love with Juliet.
a) died
b) hated
c) fell
18. I can' t do this puzzle. I.....!
a) give up
b) give out
c) give off
19. She has two sons ..... are taller than she is.
a) either
b) neither
c) both
20. ...... of them could win the quiz. It was very
difficult.
a) either
b) neither
c) both

125

PREPOSITIONS
1. When we get ready for dinner, I have to take
my books__________ the table.
A.
B.
F
r
o
m
C.
D.
2. Every weekend, we put the trash can
________________ for garbage collection.
A.
B.
C.
I
n
t
o
D.
3. You have to leave your shoes
______________the door when you enter the
house.
A.
B.
O
v
e
r
C.
D.
4. It was a long walk, so he began moving
slowly ________________ the town.
A.
B.
To
w
ar
ds
C.
U
n
t
i
l
D.
5. David cleaned his room by stuffing
everything _________________his bed.
A.
B.
C.
U
n
d
126

e
r
D.
A
l
o
n
g
6. We often go fishing __________________ the
river bank.
A.
To
w
ar
ds
B.
I
n
s
i
d
e
C.
A
l
o
n
g
D.
A
r
o
u
n
d
7. The lecture will be held right
______________ the tutorial.
A.
B.
B
e
f
o
r
e
C.
O
v
e
r
D.
B
e
y
o
n
d
8. He was caught by the teacher for cheating
________________the exam.
127

A.

D
u
r
i
n
g
B.
A
f
t
e
r
C.
N
e
a
r
D.
O
u
ts
i
d
e
9. John needs to submit the report _________
his boss before 5 pm.
A.
B.
C.
D.
10. James wife accused him _____________
cheating.
A.
B.
C.
W
i
t
h
D.
11. Kathleen apologized ________________ her
brothers poor behaviour.
A.
B.
C.
D.
12. There is no doubt that Adam is very good
___________ telling jokes.
A.
B.
O
v
e
r
C.
D.
W

i
t
h
13. These dresses were ____________ sale last
week.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Up
14. There is a bridge _____________ the river.
A.
N
e
a
r
B.
A
c
r
o
s
s
C.
D.
A
l
o
n
g
15. Amanda hasnt seen her older sister
_______________ last April.
A.
B.
C.
A
r
o
u
n
d
D.
S
i
n
c
e
16. Their relationship was ______________
because of jealousy.
A.
B.
C.
O
v
e
r
D.
128

17. Julia came all the way _______________

i
Russia to see her boyfriend.
n
A.
F
g
r
D.
B
o
e
m
y
B.
S
o
i
n
n
d
c
19. Ai Ling is worried ________the test because
e
she thinks that she will fail the test.
C.
B
A.
e
B.
f
C.
o
D.
A
r
b
e
o
D.
u
18. The detective chased the killer
t
______________ the streets.
20. Jeanne was texting her boyfriend
A.
S
___________the teacher was teaching.
i
A.
U
n
n
c
t
e
i
B.
T
l
hr
B.
o
C.
W
u
h
g
i
h
l
C.
D
e
u
D.
r
Prepositions of time
1. World War I and World War II were _____ the
on
since
20th century.
8. It rained a lot _____ the spring.
at
for
in
into
on
to
through
at
2. What did you do _____ the weekend?
in
on
at
in
of
on
to
9. I woke up _____ the middle of the night.
3. We sent a lot of postcards _____ Easter.
in
of
on
at
in
into
on
since
since
to
4. We always visited our parents _____
10. I woke up _____ midnight exactly.
Christmas.
at
for
in
at
beyond in
on
to
on
since
5. They broadcast _____ Monday evenings.
11. I went swimming _____ the evenings.
for
in
into
of
on
at
in
into
6. They both were born _____ 9th May.
on
since
onto
on
into
in
at
12. I slept a lot _____ Saturdays.
7. She was born _____ 1968.
for
in
of
at
for
in
on
to
129

13. I saw you _____ Thursday.

over
on
into
in
at
14. I sang and danced _____ my birthday.
to
on
into
in
at
15. I got up _____ six o'clock.
at
during
in
on
through
16. I felt very tired _____ Christmas day.
on
into
in
for
at

17. I drove a car _____ the morning.

up
on
inside
in
at
18. I broke my leg _____ December.
since
on
into
in
for
19. He was a very popular singer _____ the
1980s.
at
for
in
on
to
20. He came _____ quarter to twelve.
during for
in
at
on

130

PASSIVE VOICE QUIZZ

1.
--- Is there any subway like this in your
city?
--- Yes, but it ___________ at the moment.
is still been built
is still being builded
is still being built
is built
2.
--- Did you enjoy last night's concert?
--- Yes, although Beethoven's Fifth Symphony
__________rather poorly.
has been played
was playing
had played
was played
3.
In some parts of the world, tea __________
with milk and sugar.
is serving
serves
served
is served
4.
I need one more stamp before my collection
__________.
has completed
completed
is completed
will complete
5.
Several people __________ in yesterday's
car crash.
were badly hurt
were badly hurted
was badly hurt
hurted badly
6.
Paper __________ by the Chinese long
before its use __________ in Europe.
invented ------ known
was invented --------- were known
invented ------ was known
was invented ------ was known
7.
As soon as everyone __________ the
examination __________, the test papers were
given out.
taking ------ was seated
took ------ seated
taking ------ seated
taken ------ was seated
8.
Higher education __________ available to
all high school graduates in this country.
have been made
has been made
has made it
have made it
9.
Many machines __________ by electricity.
are made run
are made to run
make to run
are made running
10.
Worries __________ all kinds of illness,
from high blood pressure to stomachache.
believe to have caused
are believed to be caused
are believed to cause
believed to be caused

B
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

131

I __________ my watch at home, so I don't

know what time it is.
A.
? have left
B.
? have been left
C.
? was left
D.
? am left
The football team __________ eleven
members.
A.
? is made up
B.
? makes up of
C.
? consists of
D.
? is consisted of
The British __________ not to be very good
at cooking.
A.
? says
B.
? say
C.
? is said
D.
? are said
Vehicles __________ through that area on
Saturday night.
A.
? don't let pass
B.
? are not let to pass
C.
? are not letted to pass
D.
? are not let pass
The grandmother __________ that her
grandson _________ in the school.
A.
? told ------ was taken good
care of
B.
? was told ------ had taken
good care of
C.
? has told ------ taken good
care of
D.
? was told ------ had been
taken good care of
This dictionary __________ to you; yours
__________ by someone else.
A.
? is not belonged ---------- has
been taken
B.
? doesn't belong ---------- has
taken
C.
? doesn't belong ---------- has
been taken
D.
? doesn't belong ---------- will
have been taken
The money the lady spent on clothes last
year __________ more than $10,000.
A.
? was added to
B.
? added up to
C.
? added to
D.
? was added up to
Although Mr. Smith is __________ a famous
writer, he talks very little about himself.
A.
? known about
B.
? known for
C.
? knowing as
D.
? known as
Once the plan __________ , a student may
get as much as $1,000 as travel expenses.
A.
? gets approved
B.
? approved
C.
? was approved

D.
? gets approving
10. The lights in the kitchen __________ all
night.
A.
? has left on

B.
C.
D.

?
?
?

have left on
have been left on
has been left on

COUNT AND NON-COUNT NOUNS

1.

__________ father is an engineer.

A.
? William and Michaels'
B.
? Williams' and Michaels'
C.
? William's and Michael's
D.
? William and Michael's
2. My trousers are old. I have to buy
__________.
A.
? a new pair
B.
? a pair of
C.
? a new one
D.
? a new ones
3. Most of the wood here __________ to make
furniture.
A.
? is used
B.
? are used
C.
? uses
D.
? are using
4. All that can be done __________.
A.
? has been done
B.
? have done
C.
? have been done
D.
? has done
5. All of them __________ interested in
photography.
A.
? is
B.
? are
C.
? show
D.
? shows
6. __________ have you read today?
A.
? How many news
B.
? How many pieces of news
C.
? How much piece of news
D.
? How much pieces of news
7. All the __________ given by Mr. Smith
__________ quite helpful to us all.
A.
? advices --- are
B.
? advice --- are
C.
? advice --- is
D.
? advices --- is
8. Jane is a close friend of __________.
A.
? Mary's mother
B.
? Mary's mother's
C.
? Marys' mother
D.
? Mary mothers'
9. My younger sister wears modern
__________.
A.
? clothings
B.
? clothes
C.
? dressing
D.
? cloth
10. A: Where is your father? B: At __________.
A.
? Mr. Green
B.
? the Mr. Greens
C.
? Mr. Green's
D.
? Mr. Greens'

1.

With the address given to him, he had no

__________ in finding his friend's new
house.
A.
? difficulties
B.
? troubles
C.
? difficulty
D.
? difficult
2. Nine __________ are eating grass at the
foot of the hill.
A.
? sheepes
B.
? sheeps
C.
? sheep
D.
? shoop
3. John brushes his __________ twice a day.
A.
? teeth
B.
? tooth
C.
? tooths
D.
? teeths
4. The farmer has many __________ on the
farm.
A.
? geeses
B.
? gooses
C.
? goose
D.
? geese
5. There __________ no water in the bottle.
A.
? is
B.
? are
C.
? were
D.
? has
6. Would you tell me where the __________
store is?
A.
? shoes
B.
? shoe
C.
? shoe's
D.
? shoes'
7. We forgot both of the __________ .
A.
? rooms numbers
B.
? room's numbers
C.
? room number
D.
? room numbers
8. There are three _________________
working for the project.
A.
? women scientists
B.
? woman scientists
C.
? women scientist
D.
? woman scientist
9. John __________ Mike when they met at
the airport.
A.
? shook hand with
B.
? shake hands with
C.
? shook hands with
D.
? shake a hand with
10. She bought __________ eggs at the
supermarket.
A.
? three dozen
B.
? three dozens

132

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

The rainbow is one of the most beautiful

__________ of the nature.
A.
? phenomenon
B.
? phenomena
C.
? phenomenons
D.
? phenomenas
7. The two men are __________.
A.
? of the same ages
B.
? of same age
C.
? same age
D.
? of the same age
8. The umbrella was really _______in my trip.
A.
? of much use
B.
? much
9. ______ will conquer nature.
A.
? Man
B.
? Men
C.
? The man
D.
? The men
10. The little boy is smart. He has __________.
A.
? brain
B.
? a brain
C.
? brains
D.
? the brain

I need to buy two ______ of color ______.

A.
? boxs --- chalks
B.
? boxes --- chalks
C.
? boxes --- chalk
D.
? boxs --- chalk
He is only thirty, but has got __________.
A.
? a few gray hairs
B.
? a few gray hair
C.
? a little gray hair
D.
? a little gray hairs
We should make a careful study of the old
teacher's __________.
A.
? teaching experience
B.
? teaching experiences
__________ to play with the kids!
A.
? What a fun it is
B.
? What a fun is it
C.
? What fun it is
D.
? How fun it is
___________weather we have today!
A.
? What a nice
B.
? What nice

Gap fill-in
Speaking already
Q1 Can you hear what he is .......? (a) saying (b) speaking (c) telling (d) talking
Q2 She hasn't come home ........ (a) still (b) already (c) yet (d) till
Q3 I ....... TV yesterday evening. (a) saw (b) looked (c) viewed (d) watched
Q4 We live ....... the city centre. (a) near (b) next (c) by (d) nearby
Q5 She looks ....... a famous film star. (a) as (b) like (c) similar (d) same
Q6 This television gives you the ....... news. (a) last (b) latest (c) least (d) later
Q7 I only ....... one mistake in last night's test. (a) made (b) done (c) did (d) make
Q8 I want you to tell me the ....... truth. (a) all (b) exact (c) real (d) whole
Q9 He is looking ....... a present to buy his girlfriend. (a) for (b) at (c) in (d) on
Q10 That's what I would like ....... Christmas. (a) for (b) at (c) in (d) on
Like a red rag
Q1 Don't talk to him about politics because it's like a ....... rag to a bull. (a) blue (b) white (c) red (d) black
Q2 He takes the optimistic view and talks about a ....... skies scenario. (a) red (b) blue (c) white (d) yellow
Q3 She hasn't worked here very long and is therefore a little ....... on matters of procedure. (a) red (b) blue
(c) white (d) green
Q4 Now that they have read it in ......., they believe me. (a) red and blue (b) blue and red (c) white and
black (d) black and white
Q5 The reason why I feel so ....... today is because it's my birthday and no-one has sent me any cards. (a)
red (b) blue (c) white (d) black
Q6 She lost the company a lot of money last week and as a result has got a ....... mark against her name.
(a) red (b) blue (c) white (d) black
Q7 In this business you cannot afford to make any mistake and must be seen to be lily ........ (a) red (b)
blue (c) white (d) green
Q8 As they turned round and ran away, people thought they were ........ (a) red (b) blue (c) white (d)
yellow
133

Q9 Ask her to help you with your calculations because she's ....... hot at mathematics. (a) red (b) blue (c)
white (d) black
Q10 I know he doesn't like you because the moment you came in the room I saw him give you a .......
look. (a) red (b) blue (c) white (d) black
Newspaper Headlines
Q1 Some people only read the ....... lines in a newspaper. (a) top (b) big (c) main (d) head
Q2 You should always check the sell ....... date of things you buy in the supermarket. (a) in (b) through (c)
by (d) off
Q3 When the building was completed, all the workers were paid ........ (a) off (b) through (c) out (d) over
Q4 The boss was good enough to ....... my mistake. (a) oversee (b) overtake (c) overdo (d) overlook
Q5 It is always ....... when you misunderstand the customs of other countries. (a) embarrassing (b)
peculiar (c) singular (d) attitude
Q6 Newspapers are ....... to people's doors every day. (a) taken (b) distributed (c) delivered (d) handed
Q7 In her speech she expressed her ....... for all the help she had been given. (a) thankfulness (b) gratitude
(c) gratefulness (d) thanking
Q8 In ....... nothing much happened at the meeting. (a) quick (b) briefly (c) short (d) shortly
Q9 At the end of the speech the whole assembly gave the speakers a standing ........ (a) ovation (b)
applause (c) cheering (d) support
Q10 Politicians pretend to ignore opinion ........ (a) votes (b) figures (c) numbers (d) polls

134

'Key' Word Transformation

1) Comparative/Superlative Structures like so/such .., er/as ... as or too/enough often appear in this
exercise.
For Questions 1-8, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five
words.
1. The food was so good we had to leave a tip.
SUCH
It ........................................... we had to leave a tip.
2. The computer was too expensive for me to buy.
ENOUGH
I ........................................... money to buy the computer.
3. It's the most beautiful painting I've ever seen.
SEEN
I ............................................ beautiful painting.
4. This summer has been much cooler than last year.
COOL
Last summer .................................. this year.
5. I'm not as good at maths as you.
BETTER
You ......................................... me.
6. The course wasn't as easy as I'd expected.
MORE
The course ........................................ I'd expected.
7. This car isn't safe enough to drive.
DANGEROUS
This car ........................................ drive.
8. This exercise is easier than the last one.
HARD
This exercise ....................................... the last one.
2) Passive/Active
1. The examiner tells candidates the regulations at the beginning of the exam.
TOLD
At the beginning of the exam candidates .................................... the regulations.
2. Did we send that letter to Mr Thomas?
WAS
Do you know if ........................................ to Mr Thomas?
3. We haven't arranged a date for the wedding yet.
BEEN
A date for the wedding .............................................. yet.
4. They will have given him the news by now.
TOLD
He .............................................. the news by now.
5. Experts estimate that most people now have access to the Internet.
IS
.................................................. most people now have access to the Internet.
135

6. The garage on the corner usually repairs my car.

HAVE
I ................................................... by the garage on the corner.
7. Steve definitely didn't write that essay.
WRITTEN
That essay ..................................................... by Steve.
8. The police have cancelled the demonstration.
HAS
The demonstration ....................................................... by the police.
3) Direct and Indirect Speech
1. 'What do you think of the college?'
ASKED
She ......................................... of the college.
2. 'I'll call you later tonight,' Keith promised.
WOULD
Keith promised that ................................................ night.
3. 'I didn't break the window,' said the boy.
DENIED
The boy ..................................................... the window
4. 'Why don't you come this evening?'
SUGGESTED
She ........................................................ that evening.
5. 'You look really tired,' he told her.
SAID
He ....................................................... really tired.
6. 'You must do your homework tonight.' the teacher said.
TOLD
The teacher ...................................................... my homework.
7. 'What's your name?' he asked.
KNOW
He ........................................................ what my name was.
8. 'I might be late for.' he told me.
INFORMED
He ........................................................ might be late.
4) Auxiliary Verbs
1. I went to the office then remembered it was my day off.
HAVE
I ............................................... to the office as it was my day off.
2. Perhaps we missed the correct turning.
MIGHT
We ............................................... the correct turning.
3. I'm afraid you can't smoke in here.
ALLOWED
You ............................................... in here.
4. They will expect you to wear a suit for the interview.
HAVE
You ................................................ a suit for the interview.
136

5. I'd see a doctor if I were you.

OUGHT
You .................................................. a doctor.
6. He couldn't swim until he was in his twenties.
ABLE
He ................................................. until he was in his twenties.
7. We got a table at the restaurant without a reservation.
NEED
We ................................................ book a table at the restaurant.
8. You were expected to answer all the questions on the exam paper.
ANSWERED
You ............................................... all the questions on the examination paper.
5) Conditionals
1. I only told you because I thought you would be interested.
TOLD
I ................................................. you if I thought you weren't interested.
2. I won't organise the party unless you arrange the food.
LONG
I'll organise the party ....................................................... arrange the food.
3. I think it would be a good idea to speak to the manager first.
WERE
If ......................................................... speak to the manager first.
4. If you do the washing up I'll make the coffee.
PROVIDED
I'll make the coffee .......................................................... the washing up.
5. Youre tired because you keep staying up late.
WERE
If ............................................................. to bed earlier, you wouldn't be so tired.
6. You never enter competitions so you'll never win anything.
MIGHT
If you entered competions ...................................................... something.
7. The reason I haven't got much money is because they didn't give me promotion.
POOR
If they had given me promotion I ............................................................... now.
8. I've been so happy since I met you.
MIGHT
I ................................................................ so happy if I hadn't met you.

6) 'Unreal' Pasts
1. I'd love to know how John is getting on.
KNEW
I ................................................. how John was getting on.
2. You should take an umbrella with you.
BETTER
You ................................................ an umbrella with you.
137

3. I think taxes should be increased.

TIME
It .................................................. increased
4. He behaves like the President of the company.
THOUGH
He acts ....................................................... the President of the company.
5. I regret not inviting Cathy to the party.
ONLY
If ................................................... Cathy
6. I'd prefer you to get home early tonight.
RATHER
I .................................................... home early tonight.
7. It's a pity the car is so expensive.
WISH
I .................................................... so expensive.
8. It will be better for you to come alone.
SOONER
I would ...................................................... on your own.
7) Verb Patterns
1. It's really important that you pay the bill today.
REMEMBER
You must ................................................ the bill today.
2. I think it would be a good idea if you joined the beginner's class.
SUGGEST
I .................................................... the beginners class.
3. Meeting John in town was really surprising.
EXPECT
I ..................................................... John in town.
4. In the future she became a successful business woman.
WENT
She ................................................... a successful business woman.
5. I'll help you with your homework.
MIND
I ...................................................... you with your homework.
6. I hated driving on the left at first but now it's OK.
USED
I ....................................................... on the left now.
7. Don't bother to apply for the job.
POINT
There ......................................................... for the job.
8. Were you successful in passing the exam?
MANAGE
Did ............................................................ the exam?
8 Phrasal Verbs
1. I'm really excited about the holiday.
LOOKING
I ............................................ the holiday.
2. The bomb exploded early this morning
138

OFF
The bomb ............................................ early this morning.
3. Why don't you start doing a sport?
TAKE
Have you thought about ..................................................... a sport?
4. His parents raised him very strictly.
UP
His parents ................................................... very strictly.
5. They've cancelled the wedding.
OFF
They have ....................................................... the wedding.
6. I don't think they should abolish military service.
AWAY
They shouldn't ....................................................... military service.
7. I've got to reduce the amount of sweets I eat.
DOWN
I must ............................................................. the number of sweets I eat.
8. My host family will let you stay with us.
UP
My host family will .......................................................... .
9) Practice
1. (Passive + phrasal verb)
Thieves have burgled our house.
INTO
Our house .................................................
2. (Passive + change from adjective to noun)
Businesses are said to be worried about interest rates.
CONCERN
There ................................................ amongst businesses about interest rates.
3. (Reported speech + verb change)
'I don't share your views on capital punishment' he said.
AGREE
He told me ................................................ my views on capital punishment.
4. (Passive to active + phrasal verb)
Loans must be repayed in full.
BACK
You ......................................................... all the money.
5. (Preposition x 2)
There have been more redundancies this year than before.
NUMBER
There has been a rise ........................................................... redundancies this year.
6. (Noun to verb + verb change)
I'm sorry but you must not smoke here.
FORBIDDEN
I'm afraid ..... here.
7. (Verb change + verb form)
I don't think it's a good idea to get married too early.
IN
I don't ............................................... too early.
8. (Verb change + verb form)
139

Did you manage to convince him?

IN
Did you .................................................... him?

140

ASSIGNMENT
For the questions given, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five
words, including the word given. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example:
0 They published this book in England.
came
This book ..came from. England.
1.- Can you understand what this paper means?
sense
Can you this paper?
2.- It wasnt necessary to meet me at the airport yesterday.
neednt
You me at the airport yesterday.
3.-It was unkind of you to talk to her like that.
not
You to her like that.
4.-I saw the film although I strongly dislike thrillers.
spite
I saw the film in of thrillers.
5.-Its not possible to play tennis because of the rain.
makes
The rain . to play tennis.
6.-Ive never tasted such good food before.
ever
It is the .. tasted.
7.-Do your parents allow you to watch TV late at night?
let
Do your parents . TV late at night?
8.-Did you write a note for Anna? I asked my mother.
she
I asked my mother . a note for Anna.
9.-He gave me the money first, and then he left.
after
He left .. the money.
10.-I dont find it difficult to get up early any more.
used
I . up early.
11 He really likes correcting her English.
pleasure
He .. correcting her English.
12 Its not necessary to take a lot of luggage when going on holiday.
much
You luggage when going on holiday.
13 Perhaps he hasnt received the doctors results yet.
may
He .. the doctors results yet.
14 All I want you to do is to look after my dog.
care
All I want you to do is to .. my dog.
141

15 She was not certain about the trip.

decide
She .. about the trip.
16 He locked the gate so that the dog wouldnt escape.
prevent
He locked the gate .. escaping.
17 They did not like to pay extra taxes.
objected
They . extra taxes.
18 The day was so nice that we went on a picnic.
such
It was . that we went on a picnic.
19 The only person I didnt see was Jane.
except
I .. Jane.
20 She decided to visit her friend and tell her the news.
drop
She decided to her friend and tell her the news.
21 We have to reduce our expenses.
cut
We have to .. our expenses.
22 Can you please explain this to me? she asked the teacher.
if
She asked the teacher to her.
23 Perhaps hes working late.
may
He . late.
24 Nobody ever told me about it.
never
I . about it.
25 Ill pick him up from the airport, she said.
offered
She .. from the airport.
26 I was so shocked that I couldnt react.
wasnt
I react.
27 People say Greek is a difficult language to learn.
said
Greek . difficult language to learn.
28 The police have investigated the crime.
by
The crime the police.
29 Without your help, I would never have managed.
you
If . , I would never have managed.
30 The manager made the employees stay late.
made
The employees by the manager.
31 He knows everything about flowers.
expert
He flowers.
142

32 If you are not old enough you cannot watch certain films.
age
If you .. you cannot watch certain films.
33 I regret that I gave him the money.
lent
If only . him the money.
34 It was such a boring movie that we left.
so
The movie .. that we left.
35 People say that the pyramids are worth visiting.
supposed
The pyramids . worth visiting.
36 John cannot possibly borrow the car tonight.
question
Its for John to borrow the car tonight.
37 Could I continue what I was doing?
get
Could I what I was doing?
38 Mary is slower at doing things than Jill.
fast
Mary is .. Jill at doing things.
39 I cant make up my mind about the colour.
decide
I .. the colour.
40 There are times when you have to do things by yourself.
own
There are times when you have to do things .
41 You were late, so you missed the match.
wouldnt
If you hadnt .. missed the match.
42 I am sorry I forgot your birthday.
wish
I . your birthday.
43 The burglar managed to escape without punishment.
get
The burglar managed to . punishment.
44 He failed the test because he did not study enough.
attributed
His failure in the test .. not studying enough.
45 I wonder if you can lend me something to wear tonight.
mind
Would .. something to wear tonight?
46 We cant decide where to go on holidays.
decision
We cant . where to go on holidays.
47 Can you take me to the station by car?
give
Can you . to the station?
48 You will miss the bus if you dont hurry up.
unless
You will miss the bus .
143

49 It is likely that they have already left.

may
They .. left.
50 How much is the bus fare from London to Cambridge?
cost
How much . from London to Cambridge by bus?
51 Sally has not come to school because she has been sick.
absent
Sally . school because she has been sick.
52 It is often difficult to find an answer to a problem.
solution
Finding a problem is often difficult.
53 I was lucky you let me stay with you for the night.
put
I was lucky you . for the night.
54 I advised him to stop smoking.
suggested
I .. stop smoking.
55 They are going to do up my room.
have
Im going . decorated.
56 Jane doesnt often see Mike.
seldom
Jane . Mike.
57 I can understand this quite well
easy
Its .. understand this.
58 My mother doesnt like us to stay out late.
approve
My mother doesnt out late.
59 Mary is employed by IBM, isnt she?
works
Mary she?
60 They could not understand what she said.
difficulty
They . what she said.

144

OPEN CLOZE
Beijing
Beijing is China's centre for politics, education, culture and trade. It's situated ______ northern China,
close to the port city of Tianjin. It has ______ancient past, but also boasts a wealth of modern
developments, and is ______ of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. About 145 million
tourists visit Beijing ______ year. Beijing has ______ the capital of China ______ over 850 years,
but ______ history dates back more than 3000 years. Beijing is also known ______ "Peking".
Beijing's ______ famous attraction is the Great Wall. As the saying ______ , one who fails to reach the
Great Wall is not a true hero. The Great Wall of China is a series ______ stone and earthen
fortifications ______ was built and rebuilt between the 5th-16th centuries BC. It ______ constructed to
protect the northern borders from attacks by the Xiongnu, ______ various successive dynasties.
______ the centre of Beijing you will find the Forbidden City. Home to the emperors of the Ming and
Qing dynasties, the Forbidden City houses the largest palace complex in the world. It also contains the
Palace Museum with imperial collections of Chinese art.
The city has hosted many internationally acclaimed sporting events. In 2008, the summer Olympics and
Paralympics ______ held in Beijing. Other competitions include figure skating, badminton, snooker and
marathons.
In the early 21st century, Beijing ______ witnessed enormous growth, ______ the construction of new
buildings showcasing various contemporary styles from international designers. A mixture of both
traditional and modern styles of architecture can ______ seen at the 798 Art Zone.
Education in England
In England, the education system is separated ________ four different types. "Early years" education is
for children aged 3-4. From 4-11 years, children________ in "primary" education and from 11-18 they
are in "secondary education". "Tertiary" education is ________ anyone over the age of eighteen. This is
also sometimes called "higher" education. Full time education is compulsory ________ the ages of 5-17,
and the school leaving age________ increased to 18 years in the year 2015.
The state pays for children's education during the compulsory period, but fees need to be ________ for
early years schooling and higher education. The education system is organised by the Department for
Education.
In
each
city
or
town,
local
education
authorities
(LEAs)
are
responsible ________ implementing the government's policy ________ education, curriculum and
education spending.
In England, most undergraduate degree courses ________ for three years, (although when the subject is a
language, the course often includes ________ extra year spent abroad). Tuition fees for English
universities are around 9000 ________ academic year for students from the EU. Non-EU students can
expect to pay considerably more.
There ________ a lot of debate and criticism in the UK at the moment regarding the education system.
Many people think that education standards ________ fallen for many years, and that the government
makes ________ many changes to the system. Schools are required to show that their students' results
improve every year, ________ is unrealistic. ________ order to achieve this, exams have become easier
each year, so that the results appear to have improved where actually they have not. In a recent survey,
it________ found that around 50% of universities ________ not believe that the A grades that are now
awarded ________ secondary schools prove that the students are of a high ________ standard to begin a
degree course. Several universities now ask applicants to________ an entrance exam in addition to their
school exams.
Glass Blowing
The art _____ blowing glass goes back many thousands of years. The earliest evidence we have
dates _____ to the 1st century BC, _____ several broken fragments of glass were found in a pile of trash
outside a glass shop in the Old City of Jerusalem._____ most glass is now produced in factories, glassblowers can still be found across the globe, still using the traditional techniques that they have used for
centuries.
145

The glass-blower works _____ a bench, where he sits to work and keeps his tools within _____ reach.
Glass-blowers use a furnace which has three chambers _____ are different temperatures. The first
(hottest) chamber is used to create the glass, and its temperature is around 1,320C. The second chamber
is sometimes called "the glory hole", and this reduces the glass to _____ cooler temperature so that the
glass-blower can work it into the shapes he wants. The final chamber is _____ coldest one, and is used to
slowly cool the glass down, sometimes for several days. Cooling the glass slowly prevents
it _____ cracking.
The artisan uses a blowpipe, which is first pre-heated, _____ dipped into molten glass. The glass on the
blowpipe is then rolled over a flat slab, made of marble or steel. Then air is blown _____ the glass,
making a bubble. The glass-blower can then shape the bubble, add more glass onto it, and apply patterns
and colours. An example of an advanced glass-blowing technique is the "reticello", in which the glassblower uses two glass bubbles which are twisted in different directions, and then joined _____.
The Great Fire of London
On the night of Sunday September 2nd 1666 a terrible fire started _______ the most ancient part of
England's capital, London. At _______ bakery of Thomas Farriner on Pudding Lane, the fire
broke _______ in the middle of the night, and was fanned_______ winds on to nearby buildings, most
of _______ were wooden structures. Houses in the area were built very close together, making it
easy _______ the flames to leap across into neighbouring buildings. By the following morning the fire
had spread northwards at a terrifying speed and _______ destroyed much of the medieval part of the city.
The mayor, Sir Thomas Bloodworth, acted slowly. Unsure_______ the best action to take, he took none,
and the fire swept across the city destroying everything in _______ path. Londoners panicked, and there
was much violence and rioting in the streets, _______ the locals suspected that foreigners
may _______ started the fire deliberately. The fire burned across the city _______ three days. On the 5th
September, the winds died _______ and it became easier to tackle the fire.
It _______ thought that more _______ 13 thousand houses were burnt down, as well _______ 87
churches. Saint Paul's Cathedral was devastated. At the time, surprisingly, only six
people _______ confirmed dead. Modern historians think that several hundreds more might have died
however, but detailed census records were not kept for poor people _______ in the 17th century.
After such enormous destruction in the economic and social capital of the country, it
is _______ surprising that it took a long time for London to recover from the Great Fire. A large part of
the town had to _______ rebuilt of course, and several radical proposals were put _______. In the end
though, the city was rebuilt on more or _______ the same street plan that had been used before the Great
Fire.
Use of English Mulitple Choice - Snow White
Read through the whole text first to get an idea of what this multiple choice cloze exercise is about
Choose the best word (a, b, c or d) to complete each gap.
Snow White _________ in children's fairy tales across
the whole of Europe.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

acts

appears

shows

reads

into

onto

to

on

The most famous version of the Snow White tale is that

written by the Brothers Grimm, a pair of German
academics who published books on folklore in the early
19th century, and which was made _________ an
animated movie by Disney in 1937.
146

Snow White's appearance is very distinctive - she has jet

black hair, full ruby-red lips and skin as white as snow.
She is always _________ in blue, with a long yellow

wearing

skirt with red and blue striped sleeves, and a white

getting
dressed

have on

dressed

collar. She wears a red bow in her hair.

She is a sweet and innocent young girl, but is also a
kind, _________ character.
Disney's Snow White was drawn by Hamilton Luske,
and was _________ to be as life-like as possible.

motherly

mother

motherish mothersome

intended

able

wanted

interested

according

related

copied

based

perfect

amazing

purpose

accident

releasing

released releasement

A pioneering film technique of the time was the use of

live-action footage as a reference point for the
animators. Marjorie Celeste Belcher, a young dancer,
provided the motions as a live-action model, then the
animation was drawn_________ on her moves.
The end result was a very _________ animation.

convincing spectacular

The girl who provided Snow White's voice in the 1937

production was hired almost by _________, as she was
overheard singing during an assistant's telephone call.

luck

fate

Adriana Cazelotti received only $970 for providing the

silky voice of Snow White.
Disney earned $8 million from the
original _________ of Snow White and the Seven

release

Dwarves.
It has remained popular over the decades, and has been
digitally remastered for home _________ on DVD.

seeing

regarding

watching

viewing

Spin-offs include a Snow White Theme Park, a video

game and a Broadway musical, as well

numerous numberous numerical

numbering

as _________ toys, games and other branded products.

Word Formation Exercise - The Panama Canal
In this exercise, one word has been removed from each line of the text. The root of the word is given in
capital letters at the end of each line. Change the root word into the correct form to complete each line.
Read the whole text first so that you know what it's about.
In the Central American country of Panama there is a canal which connects the Atlantic
BUILD
and Pacific Oceans - the Panama Canal.________
a canal to link these two bodies of water was first attempted in the late 19th century by
SUCCESS
French engineers. They did not ________
147

because they ________ how difficult the project would be to complete. The conditions
were terrible - for example, the mountains in
the area were very ________. When the construction workers tried to cut into the
mountainside, they caused fatal landslides. Also, the land was
frequently soaked with ________ tropical rains, and malaria from the huge number of
mosquitoes in the countryside was a constant threat. It
is ________ that around 22,000 people, mostly men, lost their lives during the French
attempt to build the canal, and eventually after about
eight years of struggle, the ________ company went bankrupt. In the early 20th
century, America bought the contract to continue
the ________ of the canal, and it was finally finished in 1914. The total cost to America
was around $375,000,000 (which is about
$8,600,000,000 today). The canal is extremely busy all year round. Nearly a million
ships navigate through the canal ________. Using
the canal cuts ________ 15,000 km off a journey, compared with going the long way
round, (around South America).

ESTIMATE
SAFE
TORRENT
THINK
CONSTRUCT
DEVELOP
ANNUAL
APPROXIMATE

Word Formation Exercise - The Vero Centre

One of the most famous skyscrapers in New Zealand is The Vero Centre, situated in
CONSTRUCT
Auckland and constructed in
the year 2000. Inside the building you can find a health club and gym, shops and other
INCLUDE
retail outlets, ________
32 stories of offices. The Vero Centre is not only one of New
TALL
Zealands ________ structures, but also one of its most
technologically and ecologically advanced. It is located in Auckland's
PRESTIGE
most ________ legal and financial street but
is also only a short distance away from the heart of the city centre. Despite its
HIGH
immense ________, the tower is
regarded as having had a positive effect on the ________ of eastern Auckland. Before
GENERATE
the tower's construction,
the area had mostly consisted of low quality or aesthetically________ buildings, such
PLEASE
as low-grade student housing,
________ warehouses and run-down shops. The local government offered the designers
INDUSTRY
incentives to build the tower.
In exchange for ________ to exhibit local art-work in the public lobby, for example, the
AGREE
developers were granted
permission to build on a ________ area than would normally have been allowed. Not
LARGE
everybody agreed with this strategy,
however. The building has received ________ awards for energy efficiency, design and
NUMBER
construction. Experts claim
that it uses ________ 10% less energy than the average council building in New
APPROXIMATE
Zealand.

148

LANGUAGE PRACTICE
VOCABULARY TEST
1 Complete each sentence with a word formed from the word in capitals.
0

My alarm clock didnt go off and so I overslept this morning.

OVERSLEEP

I had been in the country for a year, but I still felt like a ________________ .

I have never felt such great ________________ since the day I got married.

Hes only been in the job for one week so hes a bit ________________ .

Ive known him since school days. Our ________________ is very strong.

It makes me feel bad to see so many________________ people sleeping in the street.

It hasnt rained for months and theres a great water ________________ .

I dont like this job. Im ________________ and overworked.

Smoking can be very ________________ to your health.

Weve got all the modern ________________ in our factory.

10

Im really sorry, I think there has been a ________________ .

FOREIGN
HAPPY

EXPERIENCE
FRIEND
SHORT

PAY

DANGER
MACHINE
UNDERSTAND

2 Complete each compound word with a word from the box.

about

ache

coat

doors

ground

makers

path

table

washer

Make sure you walk on the footpath , because the road is dangerous.

Turn left at the next round________________.

My time________________ this year is quite good Ive got nothing on Friday afternoon.

Id prefer to stay in a hotel with holiday________________ , rather than business people.

Has anyone got an aspirin? Ive got a terrible head________________ .

Its cold outside, I think youll need an over________________ .

To get into London from Heathrow airport just take the Under_____________ .

You dont need to clean the plates yourself, we have a dish________________ .

Its a lovely day. Lets eat our lunch out________________ in the park.

3 Underline the correct word or phrase in each sentence.

0

By 11.00 I felt so tired/tiring that I went to bed.

How many photos did you make/take on holiday?

I read a really interested/interesting article in the newspaper today.

That meal we had yesterday was horrible. I particularly/properly disliked the fish.

Have you got any more clothes to put in the dishwasher/washing machine?

Ive told you now/time and again to do your homework!

John hates waiting more than ten minutes for a bus. He gets very impatient/unpatient.

Sharon was early for her appointment so she read a magazine to lose/pass the time.

Shall I turn the central conditioning/heating off. Its very hot in here.

149

HOME

Marcus always said/told the truth. It was impossible for him to lie.

10

It was awful/awfully difficult to read the sign as it was so dark.

4 Choose the word on the right that best matches the descriptions.
0

in the kitchen you find plates and cups in it

in the wall, where you get power for electrical equipment

a) bin

in the kitchen turn it to get water

in the corner of the room, full of paper

the top part of the house where the chimney is

the top part of the room where the lamp hangs down

around the garden

between the front door and the garden, to help you get down

at the end of the garden path, just before the street

covering the floor, from one wall to the other

10

covering a small area of the floor, in the middle of the room

11

on a bed, to make your head comfortable

___

l) step

12

on a sofa, to make your back comfortable

___

m) tap

___

b) carpet

___

c) ceiling

___

d) cupboard
___

e) cushion
___

f) fence

___

g) gate
___

___

h) pillow
i) roof

___

j) rug
___

k) socket

5 Underline the correct word in each sentence.

0

When her bicycle was stolen, Jill became extremely angry/nervous.

Do you like/fancy going out for a pizza this evening?

A lot of my relatives/parents live in America.

Those grapes look delicious. Ill have a large packet/bunch, please.

She always shows good judgment. Shes very sensible/sensitive.

My brother would really look good in that shirt/blouse.

Can you borrow/lend me some money until tomorrow?

I was absolutely fascinated/fascinating by his story about Africa.

Happy anniversary/birthday, Oliver! Six years old today. Are you having fun?

Youll find better prices/values in the shops if you wait until the sales.

10

My car has broken down. Could you give me a hand/help?

11

Waiter, here is my credit card. Can I have a receipt/bill please?

12

This pullover is much too big for me. It feels really lose/loose.

6 Complete each sentence with a word from the box. One of the words is used twice.
after

away

back

down

for

in

on

out

up

Im longing for a few weeks holiday.

Excuse me, Id like to try ________________ this jacket. Where are the changing rooms?

Ill lend you the money but you must pay me ________________ by Friday.

Christine said shed drop ________________ to see her aunt on the way home from Scotland.

Do you think my new shirt will go ________________ these trousers?

Paul promised to help me with the decorating today but hes gone to a football match instead. Hes really let
me ________________ .

150

with

Joanna put ________________ a thick pair of boots as it was snowing outside.

Lets go ________________ to Paris for the weekend. Ive never been there.

Did you know that Louise is going ________________ with my ex-boyfriend?

Robbie wanted to dress ________________ as Batman for the party.

10

Jack takes ________________ his father. Theyve even got the same ears!

7a

Match the words in the box with the definitions.

cruise

journey

tour

travel

trip

voyage

the general activity of moving from place to place (uncountable noun)

going from one place to another, usually over a long distance or long time ________________

travel

going to a place, staying there, and coming back again

________________

a circular journey during which you visit several places

________________

a holiday on a large ship

a long journey by sea or in space

Now complete each sentence with a word from the same box.

Foreign travel is very popular these days.

The sightseeing ________________ costs 15. You see Big Ben, the Tower of London and St Pauls.

We drove from Germany all the way down to Italy. It was a two-day ________________ .

The ________________ from England to America across the Atlantic took several weeks.

My parents are going on a ________________ around the Caribbean Islands.

Theyve just come back from a ________________ to Ireland. They had a wonderful time.

________________
________________

8 The words in italics are in the wrong sentences. Find the best word for each sentence.
0

We werent sure what to order for lunch, so we asked for the whistle.

menu

There are no cars in the city centre its a traffic-free menu.

If you cant afford a hotel, why not stay in a youth crossing?

The morning rush tyre lasts from seven until half past nine.

We cant drive to Italy in one day. Well need to make an overnight hour.

Sorry Im late. I was stuck in a traffic zone.

Its safer to walk along the road a bit and use the pedestrian hostel.

I had to push my bike all the way up the hill. I got a flat stop.

The players must stop when they hear the referees jam.

________________
________________
________________
________________

________________
________________

________________

________________

9 Decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each space.

Hi James
Were on holiday at the moment and weve brought our (0) B with us. Its small but quite comfortable. Were (1)
______ in France for two weeks, right in the middle of the French (2) ______ . Theres some wonderful (3) ______
around here. Theres even a small (4) ______ where I can (5) ______ fishing. The place has certainly (6) ______
up to our expectations.
Actually, were lucky to be here as a car (7) ______ into a lorry in front of us on the motorway in England and we
nearly (8) ______ the boat. Sarah was ill for a short while and I had to go to the (9) ______ in the nearest village
to get her some aspirin. She seems to have got (10) ______ her illness now, but I had to make all the (11) ______

151

for a couple of days. As you know, Im not the best (12) ______ in the world and while I was (13) ______ some
bacon the pan was set (14) ______ fire. Luckily, we had a fire (15) ______ with us and it soon brought the fire
under control.
Were off to the beach now. Hope youre keeping well.
All the best
Dominic
0

A bungalow

B caravan

C castle

D cottage

A passing

B remaining

C spending

D staying

A country

B countryside

C land

D ground

A look

B scenery

C sight

D view

A canal

B river

C sea

D stream

A do

B go

C make

D take

A kept

B lived

C seemed

D was

A collapsed

B crashed

C hit

D struck

A arrived

B caught

C lost

D missed

A chemists

B physician

C surgeon

D hospital

10

A from

B off

C on

D over

11

A courses

B food

C meals

D plates

12

A chef

B chief

C cook

D cooker

13

A baking

B boiling

C grating

D frying

14

A in

B from

C on

D over

15

A brigade

B engine

C extinguisher

D fighter

10 Complete each sentence with a word formed from the word in capitals.
0

Nowadays its very important to get a good education .

I dont have much ________________ of European history.

EDUCATE
KNOW

My pencil has broken! Have you got a ________________ ?

SHARP

Tomorrow Im going to send off my ________________ form for the job.

Her brother works in the factory as an ________________ .

The ________________ in this city has got worse. I find it difficult to breathe.

Tony Blair is one of Britains most famous ________________ .

Ive been out of work for ages. Its not much fun being ________________ .

If you go to court you will need a good ________________ .

Our team is very ________________ . Weve won three international competition this year.

10

Its very difficult to live in London on a low ________________ .

11 Choose the word on the right to complete each sentence.

152

APPLY

ENGINE
POLLUTE

POLITICS
EMPLOY

LAW
COME

SUCCEED

Look! Its not working because the plug isnt in the

My shirt got very creased in the suitcase. I need an

If the shelf is coming off the wall, try to tighten the ___ .

c) glue

Hang your coat over there on that ___ .

d) hook

When a lamp suddenly goes out, we need to change the ___ .

e) iron

If you need to climb onto the roof, use a ___ .

f) ladder

If you get lost in the forest, use your ___ .

g) lock

This key doesnt work. They must have changed the ___ .

h) razor

To stop the alarm working, the burglars cut the ___ .

i) screw

In case of punctures, cars always carry a spare ___ .

j) socket

10

I need to have a shave, but I havent got a ___ .

l) compass

11

My mobile phone isnt working. I need to recharge the ___ .

l) tyre

12

The envelope wont stick down properly. I need some ___ .

m) wire

___ .

12 Underline the correct word in each sentence.

0

Before we set off, we listened to the climate/weather forecast.

My favourite/preferred time of year is Spring.

Our main bureau/office is in Swindon.

Can I just write that date down in my agenda/diary?

Your hair is too long. Give me those cutters/scissors and Ill cut it.

Im always pulling up crops/weeds in the garden. They get everywhere.

At present people resign/retire at 65. In the future it may be different.

The car has got a small engine/machine and is very economical to use.

Lots of chemicals farmers use harm/spoil the environment.

Julies studying to become a primary school professor/teacher.

10

Bill thanked the guest/host for the party and went home.

153

a) battery
b) bulb

SUBJUNCTIVE AND CONDITIONALS

I.
Supply the correct mood of the verbs in brackets:
1.
We (to be) disappointed if there is no snow for winter holidays. 2. If I (to know)
.his language, I would speak to him. 3. It (to rain) .. if there had been
a high wind. 4. If you ( not to learn) it so well, you would not have had a good mark.
5. If it rains this afternoon, I (to take) . my coat. 6. I (to return) if
you want me to. 7. Your flowers would grow better if you (to water) them more
frequently. 8. Would you mind if I (to come) .. a little later? 9. If he (not to break)
his leg, he would have been able to take part in competition. 10. If you (to make)
a mistake, the teacher would correct it.
II.
Supply the correct mood of the verbs in brackets:
1. I (to touch) ..it if I (to be) .you. 2. We (to have) .
dinner at home if we (not to miss) . the bus. 3. If
he (to be able)
to swim, he (to drown) . 4. If she (to answer)
.. the telephone, she (to hear) .... the good news. 5. You (to find)
the book if you (to open) .. the bag. 6. We (not to know)
. anything about their plans for the summer holidays if Mario (not to send )
.us a letter. 7. If he (to be) in town yesterday he (to call)
... on us. 8. If I (to know) of your arrival I (to meet)
you. 9. If you (to know) .. what it is all about, you (not to
keep on ) .. smiling. 10. If you (to leave) . earlier you (to
catch) the tram.
III.

Paraphrase the following into complex sentences with subordinate clauses of condition.
1. Come and stay with us for a week or there about. We should be only too glad!
2. I recognised you at once, for your brother described you to me.
3. I forgot to wind up my watch. It has stopped.
4. I will not invite them so they will not come.
5. The garden doesnt look beautiful because the trees are bare.
6. The river was not frozen. We could not go skating.
7. They had planned to visit us, but Mary fell ill
8. Open the door or I wont be able to come in.
9. Mr. Smith modernised his factory years ago, and now he is rich.
10. He doesnt know her address or he will write to her, Im sure.
IV.
Supply the correct mood of the verbs in brackets:
1.
Dora wished she (to get) her book out of the suitcase before the train
started. 2. I wish I (can). play tennis as well as you do. 3. He wished he (to stay) ..
. in bed the whole morning. 4. I wish I (to know) he was your friend. 5.
You are looking wonderful, I wish I (to have) .. your health and vitality. 6. She wishes
we (can) .understand her. 7. She wished they (not to notice) . her
embarrassment. 8. I wish I (to buy ) . the car when it was cheaper. 9. I wish I (not to lie)
154

. to Mary. She is so upset now. 10. My father wished he (to see) .

the football match but he didnt have time.
V. Choose the correct conditional form to complete the sentences below. Once you have decided on
your answer, click on the arrow to check your answer.
1. If I (stay) in Barlinek, I would have found a new girlfriend.
2. He would do more to help the poor if he (be) the Pope.
3. If he goes to London on a business trip, he often . (visit) Soho.
4. We won't go to the film unless they (arrive) in the next 5 minutes.
5. She (buy) a new car if she had had the money.
6. If Yoko were me, she (go) to Manchester immediately.
7. They will talk to Jacek if he (come).
8. Boena comes to work 30 minutes late if her child (miss) the bus to school.
9. If Peter (think) twice, he wouldn't have made such a stupid mistake.
10. Kasia (become) a university lecturer if she studies hard.
11. If they (know) all the facts, they would have found the defendant guilty.
12. Unless you (hurry up), we will never arrive on time.
13. If I were in charge, I (change) the standard business routines.
14. He takes his daughter out to dinner, if she (come) to town.
15. If I hadn't known better, I (trust) him.

CONDITIONALS II
Q1 - If I ...... you, I would tell him straightaway
were
am

Q5 - ........, I'd have come immediately

Were I to know
Had I known

Q2 - If you ...... yellow and blue, you get green

will mix
mix

Q6 - If I ...... you, I would never have done that

had been
were

Q3 - If I .........., I would never have done it

knew
had known

Q7 - Provided you ........ there half an hour before it

starts, you'll get straight in
will get
get

Q4 - Unless you ...... things easy, you'll get ill

take
don't take

Q8 - Unless you ....... drinking, you'll have serious

health problems

155

Q21 - What ........ do if you were in my position?

will you
would you

will stop
stop
Q9 - If you see him, ......... him to call me?
will you ask
would you have asked

Q22 - You'll be very ill ....... smoking

if you stop
unless you stop

Q10 - ........ her help, I'd have been in real trouble

But for
If only

Q23 - He ....... be able to see you if you get there

before nine o'clock
would
might

Q11 - ........, what would you ask her?

Had you seen her
Were you to see her

Q24 - Provided you work hard, you ....... pass the

exam without any difficulty
would
will

Q12 - If I ........., I'd have done it myself

were there
had been there

Q25 - What would you do if the police ......... you?

arrested
arrest

Q13 - ........., you'll miss your flight

If you hurry
Unless you hurry

Q26 - Provided you ......... the application forms, you

should get the loan straightaway
will complete
complete

Q14 - ....... there, will you ask him to call me?

If he will be
Should he be

Q27 - I ......... there if I'd known about it

would never have gone
would never go

Q15 - Suppose there ......... a problem, what would

you have been able to do?
had been
was

Q28 - She ............. so worried about the operation if

the doctor had explained things better
wouldn't have been
wouldn't be

Q16 - If the weather holds, I ........ play golf this

afternoon
will
would

Q29 - ......... there, you could have helped me

Unless you had been
Had you been

Q17 - If I ........, I'll do it this evening

could
can

Q30 - If I ...... in your shoes, I'd be very worried

indeed
would be
were

Q18 - Come on Friday if you .......

will be able to
can
Q19 - ........ you retire if you won the lottery?
Would
Will

Q31 - If he ........ earlier, many lives wouldn't have

been ruined
had been caught
was caught

Q20 - If she ..... there, will you give her a message

for me?
is
will be

Q32 - What ........... if you had seen an accident on

your way here?

156

would you have done

would you do

might be able
might have been able

Q33 - If the ambulance had arrived sooner,

they ......... her life
had saved
might have saved

Q37 - If I had my life over again, I ...... to university

to study history
would have gone
would go

Q34 - How ...... you cope if you lost your job?

will
would

Q38 - If he's there, you ...... to tell him what

happened
ought
should

Q35 - If he tries, he ........ do well

might
would

Q39 - I ......... better than to have trusted them

should have known
should know

Q36 - If you'd told me earlier, I ....... to help you the

other day

REPORTED SPEECH

phone
to phone

Q1 - I told him ____ do it.

to not
to don't
not to
don't

Q8 - She said that no one _____ to the meeting last

week.
has come
had come
Q9 - She told me ____ she wasn't going to come.
that
--Either could be used here.

Q2 - He asked us ____ show our passports.

if
to
for

Q10 - He asked me what I _____ if I failed to get the

job.
would do
would have done

Q3 - She asked us if we ____ finished the work on

Monday.
have
had
Either could be used here.

Q11 - He told me he ___ be here by three o'clock at

the latest and it's half past already.
will
would
Either could be used here.

Q4 - She asked us ____ on time.

to be
for being

Q12 - She promised she _____ do it by the end of the

week and then let me down.
will
would
Either could be used here.

Q5 - She asked if she ____ leave early.

can
could
Q6 - They asked me _____ going to the party.
that I was
if I was

Q13 - She said it _____ raining when she got here.

already started
had already started
Either could be used here.

Q7 - He told me ____ my father.

157

Q14 - She explained how ______ do it.

to
I should
Either could be used here.

worse
worst
Q11 - The worst play I've ..... seen
ever
never

Q15 - He said he _____ her before.

didn't meet
hadn't met
Either could be used here.

Q12 - I saw .....

anybody
nobody
Q13 - Something ...... be done about it
ought
should

GAP FILL-IN I
Q1 - I ...... to him for the past month
didn't speak
haven't spoken

Q14 - We ..... better be off now

had
would

Q2 - Professionals ....... as doctors and lawyers

Like
Such

Q15 - It's about a journey up .....

the Amazon
Amazon

Q3 - The dog's ..... the field

in
at

Q16 - We stayed at ....... Hotel

Grand
The Grand

Q4 - Professionals ....... doctors and lawyers

Like
Such

Q17 - The house ..... I was born

where
which

Q5 - The doctor, ..... saw me in the afternoon

who
that

Q18 - The house ..... I was born in

where
which

Q6 - The nurse ..... saw me in the afternoon

who
which

Q19 - The house in ..... I was born

where
which

Q7 - Something ...... to be done about it

ought
should

Q20 - ..... least

at
in

Q8 - I didn't see .....

anyone
no-one

Q21 - It didn't bother me ..... the least

at
in

Q9 - She didn't ..... finish it

quite
quiet

Q22 - According .... the media

to
with

Q10 - The ..... film I've ever seen

Q23 - In accordance ..... the regulations

158

Q29 - It was ..... a nice day

so
such

with
to
Q24 - She took it ...... her bag
from
out

Q30 - The weather was ..... nice

so
such

Q25 - She took it ...... of her bag

from
out

Q31 - It all happened ..... quickly

so
such

Q26 - It was ...... hot to drink

too
such

Q32 - ..... people

Many
Many of

Q27 - It was ...... hot that I couldn't drink it

so
too

Q33 - ..... the people

Many
Many of

Q28 - It was ...... hot to touch

too
so

TIME CLAUSES
Complete these sentences with if, unless, when, as soon as or until.
1. Well never get there on time __________ Sedef gets ready quickly.
2. Im so excited. Im going to get my skis on _________ we get there!
3. Id take that job _________ the salary was better.
4. Ill take driving lessons ________ Ive finished school. Im not in a hurry.
5. I cant go to the office ________ Ive found my car keys!
6. Alex wont get a birthday present from me __________ I go shopping today. His birthday is
tomorrow.
7. We wont be able to buy a new car _________ weve saved enough money.
8. I have to take the pasta out of the water __________ its cooked, or it gets too soft and sticky.
9. Wed go and visit them more often _________ getting there was cheaper.
10. Id buy myself an up-to-date iPhone __________ I had a really good job.
Complete the sentences with the verb either in future or present tense, using contractions
when possible.
1. He will wash up before he (to go) to bed.
2. When it (to get) cold I 'll light the fire.
3. When the Queen (to arrive) the audience will stand up.
4. She (to give) the children their dinner before he comes home.
5. I will pay you when I (to get) my cheque.
6. She (to stay) in bed till the clock strikes seven.
7. He'll have to behave better when he (to go) to school.
8. She will go on until he (to tell) her to stop.
9. The lift (not start) until you press that button.
10. When he (to return) I'll give him the key.
159

REVISION
I. Fill in the sentences with the correct form of the passive:
1 Please wait in the lounge while your room ________(clean).
2 From next week, you ________ (expect) to arrive at work on time.
3 Too much money ________ (spend) last year on personal expenses.
4 Most of the pollution in city centers ________ (cause) by traffic jams.
5 Around 500,000 ________ (steal) from a bank in London this afternoon.
6 Next year over 2,000,000 mobile phones ________ (make) in China.
7 Kill Bill ________ (direct) by Quentin Tarantino.
II. Complete the jokes by putting the verbs in brackets in the correct passive:
1. A teacher asked her class to write an essay about a football match. A minute later all the students
were writing except one boy. The teacher looked at his paper. It said, The game ..
(stop) in the first minute by rain.
2. Why ..the tennis player .(give) a cigarette lighter at the end of the competition?
I dont know
Because he had lost all his matches
3. Mum, do all fairy tales begin with <Once upon a time>?
No, darling. Some start with : < Sorry Im so late, darling, I (detain) at the office>
III. Complete these jokes by putting the verbs given in the correct perfect passive form:
1. Why are you putting a bandage over your pay cheque?
Because my salary just. (cut)
2. A man went to a hospital for a new brain. He was given a choice between two brains an
engineers for 30,000 $ or a politicians for 600,000 $.
Does that mean the politicians brain is much better?
Not exactly, said the doctor. The politicians brain never ..(use).
3. I ..(ask) to get married hundreds of times.
Oh! Who by?
My parents
4. A man was visiting his friend in hospital.
You ..(miss) by everybody at the factory.
Thats nice
Yes. Yesterday the boss came to me and said:<Whats happened to whats-his-name?>
IV. Ask questions about the underlined part of the sentences:
1. The car belongs to my uncle.
2. The orchestra is playing dance music.
3. The post arrives twice a week.
4. Sir John is kissing a young girl.
5. I usually take two aspirins when I have a headache.
6. She reads love stories mostly.
7. She is wearing a red dress.
8. At Halloween American kids dress up as ghosts.
9. Your father smokes at least 10 cigarettes a day.
10. Miss Smith is talking to her dog in Japanese.
160

V. Complete with the right form of the verb indicated:

1. We (live) _________in this small house for the time being.
2. Our house (face)_________west.
3. That woman (wear)_____________my hat!
4. This soup (taste)___________awful.
5. I assure you that the man who (stand)__________over there(not spy)__________on us.
You (imagine)______________things!
VI. Circle the correct form:
1. I must admit that we have serious problems but now we work/are working hard to solve them.
2. Millions of commuters rely/are relying on the railways to get to work in the morning.
3. To be honest, the service is so bad that, until it improves, I drive/am driving to work.
4. Ladies and gentlemen, the train approaches/is approaching King's Cross station, where this service
terminates/is terminating.
5. Do you often go/are going to work by bike?
VII. Complete the jokes by using the right form of the suitable verb from the following:
drown, look, tell, eat

chew,

1.The police for a man with one eye called Bone.

Whats his other eye called ?
2. Is that your nose or you just ..a banana?
3. Its Andrews first day at a new school. Excuse me, young man ,but , gum? No, sir,
Im Andrew Sale.
4.Come out of the water ! You are not allowed to swim here!
But, Im not swimming officer, I!!
5. Two little sisters are in bed together.
Are you asleep?
I (not).you!
VIII. Complete these sentences with used to or use to and the correct form of the verb in brackets.
1. At first I found it difficult to wake up so early, but now I(get up) at 5.30 every
day.
2. When we were young, my sister and I ..(fight) like cat and dog.
3. My last English teacher made us work really hard; he (never give) us
any free time.
4. I..
(not like) seafood, but now Im mad about it!
5. I..(not) this horrible weather. I prefer sunshine and warmth.
IX. Correct the mistake in each sentence:
1. Although she doesnt look it, my sister is much more young than me.
2. Mark is the younger person in the class.
3. Do you think that Yvette is the prettiest girl in our class.
4. The month I spent in Australia was the more exciting month of my life!
5. My brother is slight shorter than me.
X. Choose the best alternative to complete these sentences:
161

1. He seems a bit rude when you first meet him,

but when you. to know him better,
hes really very friendly.
A. do
B. go C. get
D. make
2. I dont think I. to go out tonight.
A. Should B. ought C. must D. shouldnt
3. ..my holidays , I like to take
things easy and relax.
A While B. at
C. with D. during
4. We had. a great time we
didnt want to come home.
A. So B. very C. really
D. such
5. They .us not to walk on
the ice in case it broke.
A. Said
B. suggest
C. warned D.
explained
6.
He
was
nervous
because

he..been on an aeroplane before.

A. wasnt
B. hadnt
C. Isnt
D.
didnt
7. We spent a more
money than we had intended.
A. lot
B. much C. far
D
great
8. He is afraid to..his
mind; sometimes he can be a bit insensitive.
A. talk
B. well
C. discuss
D. speak
9. I love that story you wrote; it
was.. excellent.
A. very B. extremely C. such
D. absolutely
10. This computer costs L850. Its only
acheaper than the one you brought last
week.
A. little B.less C. much
D. slightly

XI. Translate the following sentences:

1. El locuieste in acest oras din 1989.
2. Doar ce am terminat de luat cina.
3. Avionul va decola la 8 p.m.
4. El vorbeste fluent doua limbi.
5. O sa varuiesc camera fiicei mele la primavara.
6. Este primul lucru pe care mi l-ai spus toata ziua.
XII. Turn the sentences into indirect speech:
1. Open the window!
2. Why did you change your job?
3. Why didnt you go to Marys party yesterday?
4. Where will you go tomorrow after the classes?
5. Are you going to her office?
6. Do you like living in the country?
XIII. Turn the sentences into the passive voice:
1. They are building the bridge now.
2. He gave his mother a flower.
3. She brought the news to her friends.
4. They didnt inform us.
5. She looks after the children very well.
XIV. Choose the suitable word in brackets:
1. (pleasant, pleasantly) We had a time in Mamaia.
2. (clearly, clear) Jim spoke very when he told us about that.
3. (hard, hardly) He works for his children.
4. (slow, slowly) We drove along the narrow road.
5. (sad, sadly) His eyes cleared when he heard the news.

162

VERB AND PREPOSITIONS

1. The young woman with the broken leg leaned the ambulance assistant.
2. Mothers tell their children not to stare people.
3. The teacher was very happy because all the students laughed her jokes.
4. Please protect me the bad people!
5. During the holidays I always think you.
6. My mother likes it when I write her e-mail messages; she loves to hear me.
7. The politician asked me to vote him.
8. What does this dish consist ? Just rice and beans.
9. Please include me your plans; I would very much like to go to the cinema with you.
10. I recently received a cheque my uncle.
11. Don't thank me preparing this exercise; it was a real pleasure for me.
12. Oh, go away! Disappear my sight!
13. My teachers are always trying to prevent me doing something stupid.
14. I approve the president's foreign policy.
15. She was very amused what they did.
16. His parents told him he would never be great; they thought he would never amount anything.
17. I cannot cope small children; they make me very tired.
18. She was always very pleased her students.
19. I always say "Hope the best, but prepare the worst."
20. If you know what's good for you you won't interfere me or my plans!
21. The thief confessed the robbery.
22. You should always reply my e-mail messages.
23. It is always wise to protect oneself bad people and situations.
24. She always confused Spanish Portuguese.
25. Don't forget to pay your shopping before you leave the store.

ADJECTIVES AND PREPOSITIONS

1. She is so irritating; she always thinks she is right everything.
2. I am keen paragliding - I go every Sunday, rain or shine.
3. She goes weak the knees every time her boyfriend comes into the room.
4. I am safe danger in my house - I hope.
5. She is very quick Maths.
6. It is never a good idea to be rude other people.
7. She is jealous her little sister.
8. My teacher is always patient me.
9. Is there sufficient cake everyone?
10. He is right thinking that the earth is round.
11. I am enthusiastic cinema, and anything to do with film-making.
12. She is too dependent others; she should try to be more independent.
13. I am fortunate my choice of friends - they are all great.
14. Don't sit so far me! Come a little closer.
15. I think he is very good his German lessons.
16. It is a good idea to be polite everyone.
17. I am very fond my aunt - she is a wonderful woman.
18. I am content what I have.
19. I am ready the next semester.
20. She was very curious his private life!

163

EXERCISE 1
Four words or phrases, labelled 1, 2, 3, and 4, are given below the conversation. Choose the word or phrase that
will correctly complete the conversation.
1. I am slow to _____.
express my opinion
express my viewing
make my views
make my opinion

8. Mary's house is _____ the hair salon. Do you think

you can find it?
along
near to
against
next to

2. I have to have this report finished _____.

by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning

9. The burning stick was very hot. He let _____ just in

time.
alone it
go alone it
go it
go of it

3. We were fortunate enough to visit the Grand

Canyon. It has _____.
beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery

10. Do we have _____ money to last us the week?

a lot of
plentiful
plenty of
enough

4. The car was parked directly _____ the diner.

before
ahead of
in front of
preceding

11. John decided _____ golf on weekends.

to begin
to commence
to take up
to start up

5. The ski resorts are usually crowded. There are

many people _____ skiing.
enjoy
that enjoying
who enjoy
who enjoying

12. It _____ to me whether we meet them or not.

makes no difference
makes not a difference
is indifferent
is not a difference

6. It is already 3 o'clock. Can you _____ time to catch

the bus?
have enough
have it in
make in
make it in

13. We were _____ after all the hard work.

wear out
outworn
weary out
worn out

7. I went to have my glasses _____.

fit
fitted
fit on
fitted on

14. We saw _____ wild animals while on vacation.

quite a few
quite much
quite many
quite some

164

swim
to swim
swimming
to swimming

15. They are late as usual. I don't think we should

_____ them.
await for
wait for
await on
wait on

21. The New York police were very anxious _____

about the crime.
more learn
learn more
to more learn
to learn more

16. Are you _____ the competition?

enter
going entering
go to enter
going to enter

22. Many excited women could _____ at the

department store sale.
seen
be seen
be seeing
be see

17. You had better _____ the tourist information

office.
inquire at
inquiring at
inquire to
inquiring at

23. The sink in the locker room tends to _____ .

flow
overflow
flow over
over flowing

18. Ireland was part of the UK, _____?

didn't it
wasn't it
hasn't it
weren't it

24. How long did the baseball game _____?

last
endure
survive
continue

19. They will be _____ at the party.

present
presents
presenting
at present

25. We must _____ the annual board meeting

tomorrow.
attend
attend to
attend in
attending

20. Will they go _____ this summer?

EXERCISE 2
Four words or phrases, labelled 1, 2, 3, and 4, are
given below the conversation. Choose the word or
phrase that will correctly complete the
conversation.

2. When we woke up, everywhere was _____ snow.

covered
covered by
covered with
covering
3. Do earthquakes _____ often in North America?

1. The subway station is _____ here.

near
near to
near from
nearing

165

break
break out
happen to
occur
4. We had better _____ before it begins to rain.
leave
leaving
to leave
to leaving
5. A large crowd _____ in front of the train station.
gathering
to gather
had gathered
had gathering
6. In winter, driving accidents occur quite _____ on
the highways.
frequently
many
much
a few
7. Would you like to _____ to the United States?
trip
voyage
travel
went
8. Most people at some stage have a feeling _____.
responsible
responsibility
of responsibility
to be responsible
9. This stadium can hold _____.
much audience
a large audience
much audiences
many audiences
10. When the mountain forests _____, there can be
large forest fires.
become dry
becoming dry
become drying
drying
11. "What kind of work are you doing for that
company?"
"I'm _____ as an administrator."
worked
occupied
hired
employed
12. "I don't want to buy anything, do you?"
"Yes, I'd like to buy _____"
pencil
much pencils
any pencils
some pencils
13. We can _____ sports on Saturday if you'd like.
do
have
play
enjoy
14. _____ the hotel rooms are reserved throughout
peak season.
Almost
Almost of
Almost all of
Most of all
15.
"Where
did
you
work
before?"

"I worked only minutes _____ railroad track."

from
from the
near
away
16. "I don't think it will rain at all today, do you?"
"No, I _____ so."
think not
not think
don't think
do think not
17. We have only another five minutes. I think we
_____.
hurry
be hurry
to hurry
should hurry
18. Many fans showed up at the stadium. They were
_____ the big game.
anxious seeing
anxious to see
to anxiously see
to see anxiously
19. "Who did you meet at the community dinner
dance?"
"I met many _____ people."
grandly
celebration
fame
prominent
20. "John isn't sure that the meeting will be held
tomorrow."
"But I _____."
certain
certainly
am certain
am certainly
21. My brother loves to watch baseball; I _____
basketball.
prefer to watch
to prefer watching
watch preferring
preferring to watch
22. Many people are waiting for the news bulletin. It
will _____ soon.
be circulate
circulate around
come near
come around
23. I think our guests will _____.
be here shortly
shortly be here
here be shortly
here shortly be
24. Who _____ when John is likely to turn up.
know
do know
is knowing
knows
25. The managers are _____ a new work schedule
now.
arranging
arranging up
be arrange
to arranging

166

EXERCISE 3
Four words or phrases, labelled 1, 2, 3, and 4, are given below the conversation. Choose the word or phrase that
will correctly complete the conversation.
1. His family keep asking him _____ smoking.
visit in
give up
drop in
giving up
call in
to give up
13. We will serve our guests soon. We had better ____ now.
to giving up
have table set
2. I plan _____ swimming twice a week from now on.
set table
do
setting table
on do
set the table
go
14. He hurt his leg _____ in order to miss the exam."
to go
at purpose
3. We have an exam next week. It is very necessary _____.
for purpose
study hard
in purpose
to study hard
on purpose
hard study
15. How is he _____ these days? I hope he is doing well.
to hard study
get along
4. They opened the door at noon. Some people were already _____.
get to along
in line to wait
getting along
in line waiting
to getting along
line in waiting
16. Are you going to _____ with your cousin while in town?
waiting in line
get in touch
5. The theater performance _____.
getting in touch
succeed
to getting in touch
successful
have touch
was success
17. We are going to _____ the Town Games for fun.
was a success
part take in
6. I had _____ finding my way around New York when I first arrived.
take part in
quite time
take part with
a quite time
taking in part
a time quite
18. Since the rainstorm came _____, it did a lot of damage in the area.
quite a time
surprisingly
7. Guess who I _____ yesterday. I saw my old landlord at the bank.
rapid
into run
in hurry
into ran
suddenly
ran into
19. I'll be home late. Please don't _____ me.
run into
wait up on
8. The next bus will arrive _____.
wait up for
three o'clock
waiting up for
at three o'clock
be wait up for
on three o'clock
20. Who will _____ your dog while you are away"
in three o'clock
look after
9. He was _____ have a doctor's appointment today.
be look after
supposed
to look after
supposing
for looking after
supposed to
21. The new teacher loves poems and makes us _____.
supposing to
learn them heartily
10. "Why are you rushing?"
heartily learn them
"I have _____ with my doctor."
learn them by heart
an appointment
learning by heart them
a pledge
22. _____ I like to do something completely spontaneous.
a promise
every so often
a contract
every often so
11. "Let's _____ a new movie tomorrow."
very so often
"Yes, let's."
very often so
take in
23. Please _____ soon.
take into
your mind make up
take to
up and make your mind
taking
make up your mind
12. I will stay in the Golden Hotel in New York.
make upon your mind
Why don't you guys _____?
24. Taking photos here is _____.
visits
questionably

167

out of question
out of the question
out for the question
25. My assistant John will be _____ in my absence.

charging
on charge
in charge
for charge

EXERCISE 4
1. "Have you had enough to eat?"
"I'd like _____, please."
another
one more
some more
any more
2. The woman was _____ someone might recognize
her.
afraid of
afraid about
afraid for
afraid that
3. The organisation _____ 25 years ago.
found
founded
was found
was founded
4. I wish I _____ with Ann.
am
was
were
would be
5. Please turn off all the lights when _____.
you leave
you will leave
you will leave left
you had left
6. Until last year, she was the largest ship that _____.
was ever built
has ever built
has ever been built
had ever been built
7. We lived there _____ ten years.
for
during
since
while
8. My grandfather _____ of heart failure in his sixties.
dead
died
was died
was dead
9. They are rich enough to own _____.
not a helicopter only, but a yacht as well
not only a helicopter, but a yacht as well
only a helicopter, but a yacht as well
as well as a helicopter, not only a yacht
10. She _____ the letter on the office desk.
lay
lied
laid
lain
11. There wasn't a single person _____ at the beach.
in sight
on sight
seeing
to see
12. This sauce doesn't taste _____ it should.

as
for
like
where as
13. John was neither willing to go _____.
nor able go
nor was able
nor he was able
nor able to go
14. If one is to learn a language well, _____.
it must be spoken regularly
one must be spoken regularly
it must speak regularly
one must speak it regularly
15. I don't especially care _____ those types of
movies.
by
to
for
with
16. _____ me for a few minutes?
Would you to help
Would you helping
Would you mind to help
Would you mind helping
17. _____ to the beach on the weekend.
Let's go
Let's going
Let's went
Let's to go
18. "Did you give John his share of the money?"
"No, I _____ it to him, but I didn't have enough time."
was to have gave
was to have given
was to had given
was to had gave
19. Your taste in movies is very different _____ mine.
from
to
with
as
20. "You _____ think they'd be here by now."
would
should
could
might
21. I don't know _____ the rope, but hopefully it will
do the job.
how long
how long is
the length of
the long of
22. "Excuse me. Where is the post office?"
"It is _____ of the large blue hotel."
in the front
on the front
in front
on front

168

23. She's finally decided that _____ she's going to

study much harder.
after now
from this
now from
from now on
24. My brother _____ the university last year.
graduated
graduated from

was graduated
graduated of
25. We won't be able to go to the club _____ our
parents give us permission.
although
nevertheless
unless
without

EXERCISE 5
1. Why don't you try to come home _____ 9 o'clock?
"I'm sorry. I really _____."
by
am hurry
under
am in a hurry
until
have a hurry
up to
am hurried
2. My father _____ to the Golf Club for the past 25 years.
12. Would you care for _____ cup of tea?
was belonging
another
has belonged
more
has been belonged
one other
has belonging
some more
3. Portuguese is quite _____ Spanish.
13. I'm right this time, _____?
similar
agree with
similar from
agree to
similar to
agree
similar with
agree about
4. My youngest sister _____ last summer.
14. _____ who looks for trouble usually finds it.
marriaged
Anyone
got married
These
got marriaged
Those
was married to
Them
5. Paper is _____ wood.
15. We have much to _____ today, so please concentrate.
made by
discuss
made of
discuss about
made from
discuss over
made with
discuss with
6. He _____ take off his shoes before he entered the room.
16. The sun _____ at 7 o'clock yesterday evening.
must
set
has to
setted
have to
has set
had to
had setted
7. You'd better go now, _____ you'll miss the next train.
17. I _____ finish my work before lunch yesterday, so I went shopping.
if else
able to
or else
was able to
or not
managed
unless
could have
8. He moved the TV antenna _____ he could get a clearer picture.
18. _____ would you most like to have?
because of
These of which
in which
What of these
so which
Any of these
so that
Which of these
9. How do you say "that's mine" _____ Spanish?
19. I'll finish my work by four o'clock and _____ home.
by
go to
in
go back
on
come to
with
come back to
10. Our mother _____ scrub the kitchen walls and floor.
20. My younger brother plays _____.
had us
the piano very well
had us to
very good the piano
us had
the piano very good
us to
very well the piano
11. "Could you do me a small favor?"
21. Lauren _____ in Singapore.

169

growed
grew up
grown up
was grown up
22. What _____?
means this word
does this word meaning
is this word meaning
does this word mean
23. "Which horse came in first?"
"That tall black one _____."
has
is
was
did
24. I couldn't find _____ your last question.
an answer to
an answer
answering
to answer
25. The electric light was invented in _____.
the nineteenth century
nineteen centuries
nineteen century
century the nineteenth

EXERCISE 6
1. _____ Easter, kids receive lots of chocolate Easter
eggs in USA.
On
At
In
By
2. I wish you _____ me how to make such a sauce
last time.
teach
taught
have taught
had taught
3. How much money did he borrow _____ the bank?
to
of
off
from
4. "How much sugar is left?" "_____."
None
Nothing
Not some
Not one
5. _____ ended after 4 years in 1918.
World War First
World War I
First World War
World War the First
6. My brother loves music very much and has _____
of tapes.

a large collection
large collection
much collections
many collection
7. We couldn't enter the court. The police _____ let
us in.
shall not
won't
shouldn't
wouldn't
8. "Have you ever played tennis?"
"Yes, I _____ played it."
have
have ever
have been
had been
9. Jane didn't go _____ this morning. She was at
home.
somewhere
anywhere
no where
10. If I _____ you, I wouldn't do that.
am
was
were
had been
11. We don't travel to any country _____ crime rate is
known to be very high.
which

170

whose
that which
that
12. By my 50th birthday, I _____ in my current
profession for over 20 years.
will be
will have been
would be
would have been
13. Finally John bought a _____ sedan.
green new 1988 four-door
1988 green new four-door
new green 1988 four-door
new four-door green 1988
14. My father taught me basic accounting and _____.
to type
how to type
how to typing
typing
15. _____ my childhood, I studied in Paris.
During
Ever
When
While
16. Jane's hair is brown, and her eyes _____.
green
are green
was green
has been green
17. The children _____ do their homework while
watching TV yesterday.
was able to
were able to
would
could have
18. The English students _____ by that eccentric
teacher at that time.
were learning
were being taught
were being teaching

were being learned

19. "Hello! _____ John Smith speaking."
I'm
This is
There is
Here is
20. It is sometimes very difficult _____ in a second
language.
to make oneself understood
for oneself to be understanding
understanding oneself
to understand oneself
21. The hero rode through the village _____ of a large
white horse.
over the back
in the back
back
on the back
22. This is the _____ curry sauce I've ever tasted.
more good
most good
best
most best
23. If Jane asks her mother, she _____ permission.
may have gotten
might have gotten
might get
maybe get
24. He fell from the top of the metal staircase, _____
breaking his leg.
so
because
thus
whence
25. My sister lived in France for two years and my
niece _____ there.
borned
born
was borned
was born

EXERCISE 7
1. It is very rude to point _____ someone in many
cultures.
at
to
into
off
2. Was my child polite _____ you?
at
from
to
with
3. If our plans are carried _____ now, we will solve
that issue.
out
up
upon
through
4. The neighbours didn't go on vacation, _____?
didn't they
did it
did they
didn't it

5. It _____ the day before yesterday.

snowed
was snow
has snowed
was snowed
6. Have you ever _____ on a horse? It is a wonderful
experience.
rode
rid
to ride
ridden
7. He is learning Chinese _____ Mr. Chan.
through
by
to
from
8. Students are supposed to sit attentively _____
their desks.
at
beside
to
beneath

171

9. "Where is the library?"

"It's _____ your right."
in
on
at
by
10. Tom is very temperamental, and he _____.
always gets angry
gets always angry
always angry gets
angry always gets
11. "How many products did you sell?"
"_____ than we had expected."
Less
Lesser
Few
Fewer
12. It's not an easy task. However, please have him
_____ it.
do
to do
doing
have to do
13. I would like to apply _____ the position of sales
clerk that you advertised in the Sunday newspaper.
for
to
with
in
14. It's often difficult for a young child _____ clothes.
wearing
to wear
putting on
to put on
15. This knife is quite sharp. We use it _____.
for to cut the bread
to cut with the bread
cutting with the bread
to cut the bread
16. I could have done it for you if you _____.
ask to me to
asked me to
had asked me
had asked me to
17. Joe _____.

likes football best

likes best football
best likes football
likes play football best
18. My sister went _____ yesterday.
to shopping
shopping
to shop
shopped
19. John is _____ soccer magazines.
interested
interesting
interested in
interest in
20. I liked the job better than Bob _____.
did
do
has done
done
21. _____ my CDs are indie rock.
Almost
Almost all
Most
Most of all
22. _____ are you speaking? I didn't catch the name.
Who
Whom
Of who
Of whom
23. _____ will be invited to join us for lunch on
Saturday.
Whoever will come
Whoever come
Whoever comes
Whoever would come
24. _____ I hate getting up at six, I have to.
Much as
As much
So much as
So much
25. I'll give you another hour _____.
making your mind up
making up your mind
make up your mind
to make up your mind

EXERCISE 8
1. _____ the floor manager, we don't need to work
this Friday afternoon.
According
According of
According from
According to
2. You _____ see the doctor if that back ache
persists.
better
better have
have better
had better
3. How long does it take _____ the nearest train
station?
get to

to get
to get to
getting to
4. He likes his new job very much and _____.
works hardly
hard works
hardly work
works hard
5. Please fill _____ this online application form.
up
on
down
out
6. "I've never seen that movie."
"_____ have I."

172

So
Either
Neither
Too
7. "Haven't you been to New York?"
"_____ been there."
Yes, I haven't
Yes, I wasn't
No, I haven't
No, I have
8. "Where does Helen live?" "She lives _____."
in the Moore Street
on Moore Street
at Moore Street
on the Moore Street
9. Is your TV _____?
as large as mine
so large as me
as large as me
so large as mine
10. I've never seen _____.
such a tall man
so tall man
such tall man
as tall man
11. Please carry this box _____ the next room.
inside
at
in
into
12. My mother didn't buy _____ food at that store.
one
some
a
any
13. "How often do you play tennis?"
"I play _____."
two times in a month
two times a month
two months a time
two times of a month
14. John started his current job _____ October 10.
at
on
in
to
15. Would you go with us if you _____ the money?
will have
have
would have
had
16. There hasn't _____.
been a concert like this before

been a concert like before this

a concert been like this before
before a concert been like this
17. You had better stay _____ home and get rid of
your cold.
at
in
inside
into
18. "Whose cell phone is this?"
"It's _____"
the cell phone of my friend
my friend's
belong a friend of mine
one of my friends
19. "How do I use this tool?" "Hold it _____."
on your right firmly hand
in your firmly right hand
firmly in your right hand
firmly on your right hand
20. It's really hard to believe _____.
he would say such a terrible thing
such a terrible thing he would say
to say he would such a terrible thing
would he say such a terrible thing
21. "Did you fully understand what I meant?"
"_____."
I think so
So I think
I so think
So think I
22. Jane is the woman who is standing _____ my
mother.
before
to the front of
in front of
front of
23. _____ the audience safely left the theater through
the fire exits.
Every one
Every member
Every member of
Every all of
24. He _____ he was going to visit his sister in Ohio.
spoke that
talked that
said that
told that
25. We _____ our favorite team's performance.
were disappointed by
were disappointed of
were disappointing
were disappointing in

PART 9
I. Five sentences have been removed from the following passage. Choose from the sentences (A-F)
the one which fits each gap (1-5). There is one extra sentence which do not need to use.
Gwen Crowley likes to borrow clothes from other people. She also buys clothes from celebrities
such as Cher in order to sell them in her second- hand clothes shop, Star Wares , in Los Angeles.
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Cher tends to get rid of a lot of her things each year and we just go over with a truck and pick
them up. Ive met her a few times , although Ive never been wearing any of her clothes at the time. (1)
I love Chers style. I have her shoes, her jewellery, and even some of her furniture. Many of my
customers dont wear the clothes they buy and just keep them as souvenirs. (2)
I also had a denim shirt which I bought from Mel Gibson. I wore it all the time , even when I was
decorating the house. (3)I really liked that shirt and it was great fun telling people which famous person
owned it before.
Although my husband doesnt share my passion , he was delighted when I bought him Cary
Grants silver cigarette case for his 40th birthday. (4).Its wonderful to have a part of someone that you
admire, that you can actually hold, look at and wear. At the moment Ive got my eye on a very special
costume from my favourite TV programme. (5) Its not the sort of thing you can wear to the shops, but
it would certainly attract attention at a fancy dress party!
A.
If it was something I really liked, though, I would buy it, no matter how much it cost.
B.
I got paint on it and all sorts of other stains , but it broke my heart when I finally had to throw it
away.
C.
Its in a cloth bag and has the actors name inscribed on the front.
D.
However, I like to enjoy my clothes and I alwayd wear Chers things until theyre worn out.
E.
Its Dr McCoys original tunic from the Star Trek series.
F.
Im not sure how shed react if she saw me in one of her old sweaters or skirts.
II. Use the word given to complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence. Do not change the word given .
1. Unless she starts doing some work, shes going to fail the exam.( if) / Shes going to fail the
examdoing some work.
2. They have built a science lab for our school. (been)/ A science lab.for our school.
3. Dont try to call me up! Paul said to me. (told)/ Paul.call him up.
4. I made a mistake by not reporting the incident to the police. (have)/ Ithe incident to the police.
5. Cant you do any better than that? (best)/ Is that..you can do?
6. Most students usually wake up early before an exam. ( used)/ Most students are..before an exam.
7. Well done! You raised the most money, said Angela to us. (congratulated)/ Angelathe
most money.
8. You will never forget that you saw this play tonight. ( remember)/ You..this play tonight.
9. Anna got married six months ago. ( since)/ Its Anna got married.
10. Why havent you told us the truth? his parents asked. (know)/ His parents wanted to..the truth.
III. Fill in ONE suitable word in each blank. There is one example (0).
Its a fact that 0- nowadays many young people become involved (1)crime. (2)work alone
and others are members of gangs. The (3)for this are unclear. Some (4)society is to blame, others
believe that the change in family life is at fault.
174

One boy who (5)broken into numerous houses and robbed the owners of (6).possessions was
arrested recently for his crimes and held at the police station. He (7).appear in court shortly and, if he is
found guilty, he will be sentenced to time in jail. His parents are worried about the effect jail will have on
him. Perhaps they should have been (8).interested while he was growing (9). And then, he might (10)
.be in this situation now.
IV. For questions 1- 15, read the text below and decide which word A,B,C or D best fits each space.
There is an example at the beginning (0).
Every year, the village of Pettineo (0) A.its unique arts festival. For a few days each summer,
artists from all over Europe (1).at this village near the north coast of Sicily to (2)the creative
atmosphere. (3)their stay, the artists get together with the local people to paint a one- kilometre long
picture that runs the (4)of the high street. (5)the painting is done, each visiting artist joins a local
family for a big lunch and, (6)the meal, the family receives the (7)of the painting that the artist has
painted. As a result, (8)few villagers are rich, almost every home has at (9)... one painting by a wellknown European artist. Visitors to the village are eagerly (10)into homes to see these paintings.
The festival was the idea of Antonio Presti, a local businessman who (11)it up several years
ago. Since then , Pettineo has (12)a sort of domestic art museum in (13)any visitor can ring a
doorbell, go into a house and (14)a painting. In addition to this exhibition (15)paintings in peoples
homes, for those who have time to spare, there is an opportunity to wander through the display of huge
sculptures in the village square.
0

A celebrates

B shows

C honours

D demonstrates

A group

B crowd

C gather

D combine

A amuse

B enjoy

C entertain

D delight

A During

B In

C While

D At

A size

B measure

C length

D area

A Just

B Once

C Soon

D Only

A in addition to

B in place of

C in common with

D in exchange for

A partition

B section

C division

D region

A though

B despite

C since

D even

A less

B last

C least

D most

10

A persuaded

B invited

C requested

D attracted

11

A set

B put

C got

D had

12

A become

B advanced

C grown

D increased

13

A what

B where

C whom

D which

14

A wonder

B stare

C admire

D respect

15

A at

B on

C of

D in

175

V. Read the text below and look carefully at each line. If the line is corect, put a tick ( ). If it has a
word that should not be there, write this word on the line, as in the examples.

Are you one of those who jump at any occasion to visit the shops?

Are you an unredeemed bargain hunter who ever walks through the

00 ever

markets armed out with your trusty credit card? Shopping can be

the best way to begin or end a difficult day. And by this we dont mean

just hitting against the stores, emptying your wallet. We also mean

to browsing through a good bookshop for something that will take you

to destinations , buying a gadget spotted in a window that is just

the own thing to brighten up your desk, choosing a small treat for yourself

or a gift for a friend , deciding on to something from Gucci or Armani.

Shopping can be lots of things, a combination of those moments

after that give you a lift : visiting the shops, having coffee with a friend,

opening the bag at home, experiencing the pleasure of that special purchase.

10

VI. Read the text and use the words given in capitals to form words that fit in the numbered gaps.
The words are given in the order in which you need to use them. There is an example at the
beginning.
(0)
FASHION; (1) SCULPT; (2) WELL; (3) CONSIDER; (4) DECIDE; (5) POSSIBLE; (6) DAY;
(7) RESIDE; (8) SEE; (9) RESPONSIBLE; (10) BENEFIT.
Modern art has become rather (0)..fashionable..in the North- East of England, and large metallic
(1).are now fairly commonplace in the region. The (2)known of these is the 200-ton steel figure,
Angel of the North, erected in Gateshead at the (3).cost of 800,000 pounds. Many local people were
horrified at the (4)to spend such a large sum on a 65- foot metal structure. Nevertheless, the Angel is
(5)one of the most frequently viewd artworks in the world, seen (6).by almost 100,000 passing
motorists. A number of (7).in Hartlepool were similarly upset when they were greeted one day by the
(8)of 15 giant, metal balls on a traffic roudabout in the town centre. They described the payment of
70,000 pounds for the spheres as (9)and felt the money could have been spent on something more
directly (10).to the local population.

176

177

FOLLOW UP
Who, Whom, Whose - Gap-fill Exercise
Choose the correct answer for each gap below.

3. I don't know how you convince your children to

clean up their rooms. I couldn't ........................ my
children to clean up their rooms if my life depended
on it.
4. Professor Yu ....................... each of her students
write an essay describing their future goals in life.
5. Professor Yu .................................. her students
use a dictionary while they were taking the test.
6. Debbie's husband hates the opera. But after days
of nagging, she finally ..................... him to go see
the new production of La Boheme.
7. Sally ................... me take off my shoes before I
went into her house. She said she wanted to keep the
carpet clean.
8. Rebecca Smith requested a copy of that expense
report, so I ............... the courier take one over to her
last week.
9. Diane thinks television is a waste of time, so she
won't ...................... her children watch TV.
10. Mr. Levine .................... his secretary call Ms.
Jackson and reconfirm their meeting on Thursday.
11. Marcus ........................ me drive his new BMW. I
couldn't believe how quickly it picked up speed.
12. How did you ...................... the doctor to make a
house call? I haven't heard of a doctor actually going
to a patient's house in years.
13. My boss .................... me get him coffee, pick up
his dry cleaning and buy presents for his wife. He
can't do anything by himself!
14. Tommy didn't want to go to his cousin's birthday
party, but his mom ............................ him go.
15. I can't believe the zoo keeper ................... you
feed the snake. That was so cool!
16. The contract was very detailed, and it was
essential that the wording be absolutely correct.
Therefore, I ........................ the translator recheck
his work several times to make sure there would be
no misunderstandings.
17. Cheryl didn't want to wash her car, so with a little
smooth talk she ................... her boyfriend to wash it
for her.
18. If you ask me nicely, I'll ....................... you lick
the bowl after I make the cookies.
19. Dr. Jackson ........................ the nurse monitor
the patient's condition overnight.
20. The news coverage of the recent tornado was

1. ...................... wrote this book?

2. ...................... are you going to recommend?
3. .......................... dictionary is on the table?
4. It doesn't look like this is the right
address. ...................... did you ask for directions?
5. We have two extra tickets for the
concert. ......................... wants to go with us?
6. It wasn't me! I have no idea ........................ left
the oven on.
7. ......................... car is parked in the handicapped
parking space? If someone doesn't move it, it's going
to be towed.
8. The police have called in an expert to
identify .................... handwriting is actually on the
ransom letter.
9. Do you remember ................... received the
Academy Award for best actress that year? Was it
Nicole Kidman?
10. Melanie couldn't remember the name of the
student ......................... science project received the
$100,000 prize.
11. I know exactly .......................... I'm going to
support in the upcoming election.
12. That's the professor ........................... spent 10
years living with the Pygmies in Central Africa.
13. She's the actress ......................... he so vividly
describes in his scandalous new book.
14. Can you please tell me the names of the
people ...................... helped organize the AIDS
charity event?
15. The national park is being renamed in honor of
Dian Fossey, ................... scientific research and
environmental efforts helped save the last remaining
mountain gorillas.
Let / Make / Have / Get - Gap-fill Exercise
Complete the sentences below using the correct form
of the verbs "let," "make," "have," and "get," .
1. Sam really wanted a dog, but his parents
wouldn't ...................... him have a pet.
2. I can't believe she ..................... you look at her
vacation pictures again last night. We have to look at
those stupid pictures every time we go to her house.
178

incredibly moving. The interview with the little boy

who lost his family in the tragedy .....................

everyone cry.

Verbs and Prepositions - Gap-fill exercise

1. She accused me ................. telling lies.
2. You can always borrow a dictionary ...................... the library.
3. Do you believe .................... ghosts?
4. The history teacher asked us to comment ..................... the events taking place in Afghanistan.
5. I am accustomed .................. having a lot of money.
6. When the guests arrived .................... my house they gave me a bottle of wine.
7. Some people stupidly believe that we are in school to prepare ....................... our future jobs.
8. The old woman suffered .................... lumbago.
9. Oh, you are so right! I agree ......................... you completely!
10. She is very dependable. I always know I can count .......................... her absolutely.
11. I want to congratulate you ...................... your success.
12. You won't always be able to rely ......................... your parents.
13. When you are a mountain guide, you sometimes have to wait a long time ..................... the
tourists.
14. My banker told me not to draw all the money ........................... of my bank account.
15. I must insist ......................... your learning these verbs!
16. Are you accusing me ......................... being too strict?
17. How does the man account .................. having all that money in his pocket?
18. The workmen would like to speak ........................ the manager.
19. The visitors objected ....................... the horrible rooms.
20. I always try to agree .............. my twin sister, because it makes her angry if I don't.
21. I just couldn't agree .................... his plan, it was much too dangerous!
22. Young people today can communicate ............... each other using a lot of different machines.
23. It was your fault! Don't try to blame me ............................ the accident!!
24. The head teacher threatened me ................. expulsion if I didn't behave better.
25. Don't forget to thank your parents ................... putting up with you all these years!

QUANTIFIERS COUNT & NON-COUNT NOUNS

In the following sentences, fill in the gaps with one of the following quantifiers: much, many, lots of, a lot of, little,
most, a little, little, a few, few:
1. It seems to me that we've had ................... assignments in English this term.
2. How ........................... material can we be expected to read in one week?
3. ........................... books are not in the library.
4. I've had ...................... headaches already because of stress.
5. ....................... depression can be attributed to being overworked.
6. Our yard looks awful this summer. There are too ........................... weeds.
7. I didn't use ............................... fertilizer last spring, and that has made a difference.
8. Also, I've paid .................................. attention to how ............................ rain we've had.
9. I'm afraid it's rained .......................... times this summer, and the grass is turning brown and dying.
10. ................................ experts say you should fertilize your lawn in the fall.
11. It didn't seem to do my lawn ................. good.
12. ........................ advice you get from experts doesn't seem to help.
13. ................................ of my neighbors ignore their grass, and they have better lawns this year.
14. They say .......................... knowledge is a bad thing.
15. I know ........................... instances where that proves true.
16. ............................ people know as much about computers as Tomas does.
17. But it does him ........................... good when the whole system goes down

INVERSION EXERCISES
179

Exercise 1 - Fill the gaps using the words in the box.

has before than audience then was
started will can did so many had
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

Hardly ever an athlete won so many medals in such a short time.

Little we realise what a social faux-pas we had committed.
Scarcely the match started when the trouble began.
Only by standing on tip-toe I able to see anything at all.
Seldom can an have heard a better interpretation of this symphony.
Hardly had the controversial opera when people began to walk out.
Only if we leave now we be in time to catch the train.
Never have I seen people turn out for this event.
Rarely a remark have been more ill-judged.
Only did it become clear what the extent of the damage was.
Barely had we had time to pack up the picnic things the heavens
opened
12. No sooner had we asked for a quieter room, we were given one.
Exercise 2 - Fill the gaps using the words in the box. ?
else way did circumstances nothing such
nor until would account only even
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

At no time he seem to realise what an idiot he was making of himself.

At no time before have I heard arrant nonsense.
Nowhere do they charge you so much for water
On no should you miss this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity.
Under no must this door be left unlocked.
Not she apologises for what she said will I speak to her again.
Not if they halved the price would I buy such a heap of old rubbish.
Not for all the money in the world I do what you're suggesting.
Not do I know you're wrong, but I can also prove you're wrong.
Neither was the food up to standard was the service particularly good.
Everyone except me got soaked. Not for do I always carry an
umbrella.
12. No am I going to jump into that icy cold water!
Exercise 3 - Make inverted sentences from the sentences given, using the words in brackets ().
1.

You shouldn't tell him about my trip to China. (On no ...)

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

You are not going to get me to eat that! (No way ... !)
I have seldom seen such a brilliant goal. (Seldom ...)
Such a hurricane has rarely happened in Hereford. (Hardly ever ...)
I wouldn't want to hurt your feelings for all the world. (Not ...)
They were never aware of the danger that threatened them. (At no time ...)
This must not leak out to the press. (Under ...)
180

8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

He wasn't rich and he wasn't handsome. (Neither ...)

We haven't often witnessed such artistry. (Rarely ...)
The bridge collapsed as soon as we managed to get across. (No sooner ...)
We were only able to cross the border by offering him a bribe. (Only ...)
Immediately he opened his mouth he started complaining about everything. (Barely ...
before ...)

Exercise 4 - Complete the sentences below with the words in brackets in the correct tense and the
right order.
1. Not until June 15 (we/can/accept) applications for next year.
2. Never before that day (she/have/witnessed) such violence.
3. Hardly (the match/have/start) when the game was interrupted.
4. Not only (the girl/be/hungry) , she was also very tired.
5. Little (I/do/imagine) that it was the last time I would see him.
6. Only later ((he/do/understand) why his wife was so upset.
7. (He/have/know) it would take so long he would not have started.
8. No sooner (her name/be/announce) than the crowd started to cheer.
9. At no time (the salesman/do/say) that the price would increase.
10. In no way (he/can/be/hold) responsible for the damage.
Exercise 5 - Make a new sentence beginning with the word(s) in brackets
1. I had hardly begun to apologize when the door closed. (Hardly ...)
2. I have seldom heard such a talented singer. (Seldom ...)
3. If John had known that she liked curry, he would have brought her to an Indian restaurant.
(Had ...)
4. The artist rarely paid attention to his agent's advice. (Rarely ...)
5. He had never felt so depressed. (Never ...)
6. The shop can in no way be held responsible for customers' lost property. (In no way ...)
7. The couple had no sooner arrived than the priest started the ceremony. (No sooner ...)
8. Tom only realized the meaning of the comment when he saw his wife's face. (Only ...)
9. She never at any time said that she was allergic to cats. (Never ...)
10. The restaurant cannot accept animals under any circumstances. (Under ...)

181

182

INVERSION
~ follow up ~
1. Rephrase
1. I have never before been asked to accept a bribe.
Never before
2. He had hardly left the house when the storm broke.
Hardly
3. As soon as he had left the house the storm broke.
No sooner
4. This switch must not be touched on any account.
On no account
5. She rarely has any money to spare.
Rarely
6. He hardly speaks to anyone.
Hardly
7. The nation has seldom been faced with such difficulties.
Seldom
8. They had hardly started playing tennis when it began to rain.
Hardly
9. A father has seldom sacrificed so much for his child.
Seldom
10. You may not return after midnight on any account.
On no account
11. He would not give up writing his satires under any circumstances.
Under no circumstances
12. He realized the danger he had been in only after he had read the newspaper the following morning.
Only after
13. They were not able to assess the damage until the floods had subsided.
Not until
14. He only stays in bed if he is seriously ill.
Only if
15. We only then realized how much he had suffered.
Only then
16. He was only able to do the exercise with a great deal of effort.
Only
17. He didnt manage to get permission until she had calmed down.
Not until
18. No director has made such an intellectually challenging sci-fi movie since Kubricks2001.
Not since
19. He became so suspicious that he didnt even trust his family.
So suspicious
20. He was so anxious to start a new life that he actually changed his name.
So anxious
21. He could only make himself heard by shouting at the top of his voice.
Only by
22. He laughed so much that tears rolled down his cheeks.
So much
23. Her business was so successful that Marie was able to retire at the age of 50.
183

So successful
24. If you were less than delighted with our product, we will refund your money immediately.
Were
25. If you were to accept our offer, we could avoid the costs of a court case.
Were
26. If the builders were to finish their work to schedule, they would receive a bonus.
Were
27. If the tickets should fail to arrive before the departure date, we would arrange to have duplicates
waiting at the airport.
Should
28. If the film had been released in the summer, it would not have been so successful.
Had
29. He had no money and his sister didnt have any either.
He had no money, neither / nor
30. They have no intention of paying and we dont either.
They have no intention of paying and nor / neither
31. I couldnt face my father and Jane couldnt either.
I couldnt face my father and neither / nor
32. Tom came in.
In
33. Two large dogs jumped up.
Up
34. Half a dozen apples fell down.
Down
35. The body of our late lamented sovereign lies here.
Here
36. As soon as Springsteen had gone on stage, it started to rain.
No sooner
37. We only very rarely go to the cinema these days.
Only very rarely
38. I have never seen such a terrible performance of Hamlet before.
Never before
39. Bags must not be left unattended at any time.
At no time
40. The identity of the murderer is not revealed until the very last page.
Not until
41. They only realized the painting had been hung upside down when someone complained at reception.
Only when
42. He would never play in front of a live audience again
Never again
43. She had hardly sat down to watch her favourite programme when the phone rang.
Hardly
44. You will not be allowed to enter the auditorium under any circumstances once the play has started.
Under
45. We not only went to the National Gallery, but we also saw a West End musical.
Not
46. John had not enjoyed himself so much since he went to the theme park as a child.
Not

2. Choose the most appropriate answer with inverted word order.

1. There

that he will agree to your plan.

184

A hope is little B is hope little C is little hope D little hope is

2. The view of the canyon was breathtaking. Never before
such beauty.
A had seen we B had we seen C we had seen D we hadn't seen
3.
. See you tomorrow!
A Comes here my bus B Here comes my bus D Here my bus comes E My bus comes here
4. We will probably go shopping in the afternoon.
. Why don't we go shopping together?
A I will so
B So I will
C So will I
D Will so I
5.
the truth, he wouldn't have invited them.
A Had known he
B Had he known
C He had known

D Known he had

6. She should have helped them. She wasn't busy at that time.
. Why didn't you help them?
A Neither were you
B Neither you were
C Were you neither
D You were neither
7. No sooner
the receiver than the telephone began to ring again.
A down had I put
B down had put I
C had I put down

D I had put down

8. Can you give me a pen, please? Sure.

.
A Here is it
B Here it is
C Is it here
D It is here
9.
so busy, we would go there with you.
A Were we not B Weren't we C We were not D We weren't
10. Not only
my car poorly, but they also overcharged me.
A did they repair
B repair they did
C they did repair

3. Arrange the following words. Mind the inversion rule!

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

the they a when begun scored had game Hardly goal.

have disappointing such a ending. read Never I
had than cry. started she to film sooner began No the
the change. left he atmosphere until Not did
he understand parents. up did grew Only when he his
Rarely such food. I tasted delicious have
than to sooner had left began we it No rain.
police her. he calling Only contacted stop did when she the

185

D they didn't repair