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s[lif ;DaGwL gLltx?

sf] ;+ufnf]
cfiff9, @)&)

g]kfn ;/sf/
s[lif ljsf; dGqfno
of]hgf dxfzfvf
s[lif gLlt zfvf
l;+xb/af/, sf7df8f}+, g]kfn .

s[lif ;DaGwL gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf]


cfiff9, @)&)

g]kfn ;/sf/
s[lif ljsf; dGqfno
of]hgf dxfzfvf
s[lif gLlt zfvf
l;+xb/af/, sf7df8f}+, g]kfn .

k|sfzs
g]kfn ;/sf/
s[lif ljsf; dGqfno
of]hgf dxfzfvf
s[lif gLlt zfvf
l;+xb/af/, sf7df8f}+, g]kfn
kmf]g g+= M $@!!^^%
km\ofS; g+= M $@!!(#%
j]e;fO6 M www.moad.gov.np
k|yd ;+:s/0f M cfiff9, @)&)
k|lt M =========== k|lt
sDKo"6/ M cfgGb kf}8]n, (*%!))^@)!
d'b|0f M g]zgn dfg;/f]j/ lk|lG6 k|]; k|f=ln=
gof afg]Zj/, sf7df8f}+, $$^)$&&

dGtJo
/fi6sf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgdf ;a}eGbf a9L of]ubfg ug]{ s[lif If]qsf]
g]kfnsf] cy{tGqdf dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /xL cfPsf] 5 . d'n'ssf] clwsf+z
hgtfsf] /f]huf/L, cfocfh{g / hLljsf]kfh{gsf] nflu s[lif If]qsf] pNn]vgLo
of]ubfg /x]sf] 5 . t;y{, /fi6sf] ;jf{l0f lasf;sf] nflu ;j{k|yd s[lif
If]qsf] ljsf; ug'{ ckl/xfo{ 5 .
ljZjJofkLs/0fn] ubf{ ;Dk"0f{ cfly{s If]qdf g} cfd"n kl/jt{g cfPsf]
o; ztfAbLdf s[lif If]qnfO{ klg o:tf] kl/jt{gn] pNn]vgLo ?kdf k|efj
kf/]sf] 5 . afnLgfnL / kz'kI+ fLsf] lsl;d / v]tLkftL tyf kz'kI+ fL kfng
ug]{ tf}/tl/sf b]lv lnP/ dflg;sf] :jfb, rfxgf / cfsf+Iffdf ;d]t 7"nf]
kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5 . clxn] o:tf kl/jt{g xfd|f ;fd' 7"nf] r'gf}tL /
cj;/sf] ?kdf v8f ePsf 5g\ .
k|ljlw / ;+rf/ If]qdf ePsf] cfZro{nfUbf] ljsf;n] ;fgf] agfPsf] ljZj
e"e08ndf xfd|f s[lif sd{ kf/bzL{ / ltgsf pTkfbg :j:y / u'0f:t/Lo
x'g' kg]{ cfjZostf 5 . o;sf nflu s[lif If]qdf k|efjsf/L of]hgf /
sfo{qmdx? to ug{ dfu{bz{s gLltx? to ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 . o;} ;Gbe{df
g]kfn ;/sf/n] s[lif If]q;+u ;DalGwt laleGg gLltx? kf/Lt u/L
sfof{Gjog u/L /x]sf] klg 5 . oL gLltx? 5l/P/ /x]sf] cj:yfdf 5g\ .
s[lif ljsf; dGqfnon] s[lif If]q;Fu ;DalGwt log} d'Vo gLltx? ;+nUg
u/L of] ;+ufnf] k|sfzg ;a}sf ;fd' Nofpg] hdsf]{ u/]sf] 5 . ;+uffnf]
k|sfzgaf6 o:tf b:tfj]hx?sf] vf]hLdf ef}tfl/g kg]{ sl7gfO{ s]xL xb;Dd
sd x'g5
] . o;sf] cltl/Qm of] ;+ufnf] ;/f]sf/jfnf ;a}sf nflu ljz]iftM
s[lif ljsf;sf of]hgf / sfo{qmdx?sf] th'{df / sfof{Gjog ug{sf nflu
pkof]uL x'g]5 eGg] d}n] ljZjf; lnPsf] 5' . o;af6 ;/f]sf/jfnf /
ljz]if1x?sf] s8f kl/>daf6 tof/ kfl/Psf gLltx?sf] ;fy{stf /
lhjGttf phfu/ x'g] s'/fdf d ljZj:t 5' . cGttM, ;+ufnf] k|sfzgsf]
nflu k|ToIf?kdf ;+nUg /x]sf] o; dGqfnosf] of]hgf dxfzfvf, s[lif
gLlt zfvf / cGo ;xof]uL lgsfox? ;a}nfO{ wGojfb lbg rfxG5' .
c;f/, @)&)
l;+xb/jf/, sf7df8f}+

ho d's'Gb vgfn
;lrj
s[lif ljsf; dGqfno

e"ldsf

g]kfnsf] cy{tGqdf s[lif If]qsf] cu|0fL e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 . o; If]qsf]


;dli6ut ljsf; ug{ ;s]df dfq /fli6o cy{tGqsf] cfwf/ ;jn / ;Ifd
x'g ;Sg] tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f ug]{ /fli6o k|of;df ;xof]u k'Ug] s'/fnfO{
dgg\ u/L ljutsf cfjlws of]hgfx?df s[lif If]qnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOb}
cfPsf] 5 . o;} kl/k|I] odf s[lif If]qsf] ;dli6ut ljsf;sf k|of;nfO{ ;/n,
;xh, kf/bzL{ / tLj| kfg{sf nflu ljutdf s]xL gLltx? tof/ kfl/Psf
ePtf klg o:tf gLltx? 5l/P/ /x]sfn] ;/f]sf/jfn] ;/f]sf/jfnf, pkof]ustf{,
s[ifs, Joj;foL / ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfx? oy]i6?kdf ;';"lrt x'g g;s]sf]
dx;'; ePsf]n] ;fj{hlgs lxtsf o:tf d"Nojfg / jx'pkof]uL gLltx?nfO{
Pslqt u/L ;+ u fnf] s f] ?kdf k| s fzg ug] { hdsf] { ul/Psf] 5 .
s[lif If]q;Fu ;DalGwt :jLs[t ;a} gLltx? o; k|sfzgdf ;dfj]z ug{
;lsPsf] 5}g . o;sf kf7snfO{ ;lhnf] lsl;dn] k9\g ;xof]u xf]; eGg]
b[li6sf]0fn] ;+ufnf]sf ;Dk"0f{ b:tfj]hx? Pp6} kmd]{6df /fVg] sf]lz;
ul/Psf] 5 . To;}n], cfufdL jif{x?df o; k|sfzgdf ePsf sdL
sdhf]/Lx?nfO{ x6fpFb} k|sfzg sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOb} hfg] of]hgf /x]sf]
5 . k|sflzt ;+uffnf] s[lif Joj;fodf ;+nUg ;j}sf nflu pkof]uL x'gs
' f]
cltl/Qm s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmdnfO{ kf/bzL{ 9+un] ;+rfng ug{ d2t k'ofpg]
5 eGg] d}n] cfzf /fv]sf] 5' .
o;sf cltl/Qm s[lif ;DjGwL gLltx?sf cfwf/df s[lif ljsf; of]hgf /
sfo{qmdx? to u/L ;+rfng ubf{ ;fdgf ug'{ k/]sf jfwf / c8rgsf]
cg'ejaf6 k|fKt x'g] k[i7kf]if0fn] gLltx?df ;d;fdlos kl/dfh{g u/L
gLltx?sf] pkof]uLtfnfO{ cem j9L k|efjsf/L jgfpg d2t ldNg]5 eGg]
ljZjf; klg d}n] lnPsf] 5' .
o; s[lif ;DjGwL gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf] tof/ kfg{ k|ToIf?kdf ;+nUg /x]sf
s[lif gLlt zfvfsf k|d'v 8f= xl/ axfb'/ s]=;L=, jl/i7 s[lif clws[t >L
gfu]Zj/ gfos, s[lif k|;f/ clws[t >L lbg]z cfrfo{, s[lif cy{ lj1 >L
;gt s'df/ 9'fgf / gf=;'= k|lbkdfg jh|frfo{nfO{ ljz]if wGojfb lbg
rfxfG5' .

c;f/, @)&)
l;+xb/jf/, sf7df8f}+

/fh]Gb| k|;fb clwsf/L


;x;lrj
s[lif ljsf; dGqfno

ljifo ;"rL
qm=;+=
ljifo
!
/fli6o s[lif gLlt, @)^!

k]h g+=
!

s[lif Joj;fo k|a4{g gLlt, @)^#

!@

s[lif h}ljs ljljwtf gLlt, @)^#

@!

/fli6o lrof gLlt, @)%&

#)

/fli6o skmL gLlt, @)^)

$)

b'Uw ljsf; gLlt, @)^$

$%

&

/fli6o aLp ljhg gLlt, @)%^

%#

/fli6o dn gLlt, @)%*

^)

l;+rfO gLlt, @)^)

^^

!)

kG5Lkfng gLlt, @)^*

*^

!!

vs{ gLlt, @)^*

(%

!@

k'ik k|j4{g gLlt, @)^(

!!#

!#

/fli6o e"pkof]u gLlt, @)^(

!@@

!$

/fli6o ;xsf/L gLlt, @)^(

!%%

!%

jfl0fHo gLlt, @)^%

!*@

!^

hnjfo' kl/jt{g gLlt, @)^&

@@%

!&

cf}Bf]lus gLlt, @)^&

@$%

!*

cfk"lt{ gLlt, @)^(

#)$

!(

lj1fg tyf k|ljlw gLlt, @)^!

###

@)

h}ljs k|ljlw gLlt, @)^#

#$#

/fli6o s[lif gLlt, @)^!

-g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ldlt @)^!*&_


k[i7e"ld
b]zsf] ef}uf]lns kl/j]zn] pknAw u/fPsf] cj;/ / s[ifsxsf]
cg'ej tyf cfw'lgs s[lif k|ljlwxsf] ;b'kof]uaf6 lbuf] cfly{s j[l4 tyf
vfB ;'/Iff ;'lglZrt ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf ljBdfg /x]sf] 5 . s[lif e"ldsf]
cg'ko'Qm k|of]u Pj+ ljleGg k|sf]kxsf sf/0f pj{/f s[lif e"ldsf] x|f; x'bF }
F gk'Ug' / kxFr
' k'Ug]xn]
hfg', s[lifdf >d / ;Lk x'gx] df s[lif e"ldsf] kx'r
klg cfw'lgs k|ljlwxsf] k|of]u u/L kof{Kt dfqfdf Jofj;flos ?kdf
pkof]u ug{ g;Sg' / u}/ s[lif If]qsf] ljsf;sf] cfwf/sf] ?kdf /x]sf] s[lif
If]qsf] ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/ -l;+rfO{, ;8s, lah'nL, ;+rf/, pBf]u / ahf/
Joj;fo tyf pGgt k|ljlwx_ df kof{Kt nufgL cfs[i6 x'g g;Sg' s[lif
If]qsf] ljsf;sf] d"n ;d:ofsf ?kdf /x]sf 5g\ .
s[lif If]qsf] ;du| ljsf;sf nflu NofOPsf s[lif ljsf;sf] gLltut
?k/]vf @)$* tyf bL3{sfnLg s[lif of]hgfn] o; If]qsf] ljsf;nfO{ s]xL
xb;Dd lbzfaf]w u/fPsf] 5 . tyflk cfly{s pbf/Ls/0f, ljZj Jofkf/
;+u7g tyf If]qLo ;+u7gxdf g]kfnsf] ljBdfg k|lta4tf, g]kfnsf] nflu
lbuf] ljsf;sf] Ph]08f Pj+ ;x;|fAbL ljsf;sf nIox ;d]tsf] k[i7e"lddf
bL3{sfnLg s[lif of]hgfsf d"ne"t kIfnfO{ sfod /fvL gof+ /fli6o s[lif
gLlt th'd
{ f u/L nfu" ug{ cfjZos b]lvPsf]n] g]kfn ;/sf/n] of] /fli6o
s[lif gLlt, @)^! hf/L u/]sf] 5 . o; If]qdf th'd
{ f ePsf / gofF th'd
{ f
x'g] j:t'ut tyf ljifout gLltx o;} gLltaf6 lgb]{lzt x'g] 5g\ .
b[li6sf]0f
lgjf{xd"vL s[lif k|0ffnLnfO{ Jofj;flos Pj+ k|lt:kwf{Tds s[lif k|0ffnLdf
?kfGt/0f u/L lbuf] s[lif ljsf;sf] dfWodaf6 hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg'
s[lif If]qsf] bL3{sfnLg b[li6sf]0f /xg] 5 .
p2]Zox
Jofj;flos Pj+ k|lt:kwf{Tds s[lif k|0ffnLf/f pRr Pj+ lbuf] cfly{s
j[l4 xfl;n u/L vfB ;'/Iff tyf ul/aL lgjf/0fdf of]ubfg ug{M

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!=

s[lif pTkfbg Pj+ pTkfbsTj a9fpg]

@= Jofj;flos tyf k|lt:kwf{Tds s[lif k|0ffnLsf cfwf/xsf] ljsf;


u/L If] q Lo / ljZj ahf/;F u k| l t:kwf{ T ds agfpg] /
#=

k|fs[lts >f]t, jftfj/0f / h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g Pj+


;b'kof]u ug]{ .

gLltx
k|:t't p2]Zo k|flKtsf nflu >f]t ;fwgdf kxF'r ePsf / ;fwg /
cj;/df t'ngfTds ?kdf Go"g kxF'r ePsf b'j} ;d"xsf s[ifsxsf]
cfjZostfnfO{ ;d] 6 \ g ] u/L lgDg gLltx cjnDag ul/g] 5g\ .
s_ s[lif pTkfbg Pj+ pTkfbsTj clej[l4
!=

:yfgLo ;DefJotf, t'ngfTds nfe tyf ljlzi6 cj;/sf] pkof]u


u/L pko'Qm s[lif k|ljlwxsf] ljsf;, k|;f/ tyf pkof]uaf6 s[lif
pTkfbg Pj+ pTkfbsTj a9fOg]5 . ;fy} s[lifsf] Joj;foLs/0f tyf
ljljwLs/0fdf hf]8 lbO{ cfo cfh{g tyf /f]huf/sf yk cj;/x
;[hgf ul/g] 5g\ .

@= j}1flgs e"pkof]u k|0ffnLsf] pkof]u u/L pj{/f s[lif e"ldnfO{ u}/


s[lif k|of]udf Nofpg lg?T;flxt ul/g] 5 . kxf8df le/fnf] hldg
Joj:yfkgsf] pko'Qm k|ljlw / t/fO{ tyf ;dy/ pkTosfdf s[lif
e"dL ljsf;sf] pko'Qm k|ljlw k|of]u u/L hldgsf] j}1flgs k|of]unfO{
a9fjf lbOg]5 .
#=

l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf, s[lif ;8s, u|fdL0f ljB'tLs/0f / pko'Qm s[lif


k|ljlwsf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ul/g] 5 . l;+rfO{, ;8s tyf
ljB'tLs/0f ;'ljwf ePsf If]qdf pknAw k|ljlwsf] ;3g / Jofks
pkof]u u/fOg] 5 .

$= pQ/blIf0f /fhdfu{{ tyf ;xfos dfu{x?sf] cf;kf;sf ;+efJo


If]qxdf a9L df]n hfg] s[lifj:t'sf] ks]6 ljsf;df ljz]if
k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . ljz]if u/L b'ud
{ If]qxdf sd tf}n tyf a9L
d"No hfg] s[lif j:t'xsf] pTkfbgdf k|fyldstf lbOg] 5 .
@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

%= :yfgLo cfjZostf / k|fyldstf cg'?ksf] s[lifsf of]hgf th'd


{ f,
sfof{Gjog / cg'udgsf] sfo{ :yfgLo lgsfoxdf lgIf]k0f u/L
:yfgLo lgsfoxnfO{ lhDd]jf/ / ;Ifd agfOg]5 . o;sf nflu
;zt{ cg'bfg pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yfaf6 6]jf k'ofOg] 5 .
^=

PseGbf a9L lhNnf ;d]6/] ;DefJo s[lif pTkfbg Pj+ s[lif Jofj;fo
k|j4{g u/L Jofj;foLs/0fsf cfwf/ v8f ug]{ t'ngfTds ?kdf
7"nf cfof]hgfx :yfgLo lgsfosf] ;xeflutfdf s]lGb|o cfof]hgfsf
?kdf ;+rfng u/L 6]jf k'ofOg] 5 . o;sf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu
s]Gb|df /x]sf ljefu Pj+ lgb]{zgfnoxnfO{ lhDd]jf/ / ;Ifd
agfOg] 5 .

&= vfB kf]if0f nufotsf s[lif k|ljlwsf] :ynut k|;f/ ;]jfdf s[ifs
;d"xsf] dfWod ckgfOg]5 . s[lifjg sn]hxaf6 klg cfkm\gf]
k|efj If]qdf ;dGjofTds ?kdf s[lif k|ljlw k|;f/ Kofs]hx
;+rfng ul/g]5 . ;fy} s[lif k|;f/df ;"rgf k|ljlw tyf cfd
;+rf/ dfWodsf] klg pkof]u ul/g]5 .
*= ljsf; If]q / ef}uf]lns pkIf]qxsf] cfwf/df :yfgLo aLp, a]gf{,
la?jf, gZnxsf] pTkfbg ug]{xsf] nflu u'0f:t/Lo ;|f]t
;fdfu|Lxsf] s]Gb| / s[lifj:t' ;+sng, k|zf]wg, ;+ro / 9'jfgL
cflb sfo{ ug]{ pBdL tyf Joj;foLxsf] nflu ljz]if k|ljlw ;]jfsf]
;|f]t s]Gb|sf ?kdf /fli6o s[lif ;|f]t s]Gb|xsf] ljsf; u/L ;'b[9
ul/g]5g\ . o:tf ;|ft] s]Gb|xnfO{ df6f] ljZn]if0f, aLp k|df0fLs/0f,
afnL ;+/If0f tyf kz'/f]u lgbfg nufotsf If]qdf ;e]{ ;le{n]G;
;]jf ;+rfng, k|of]uzfnf ;]jf ;+rfng Pj+ pBdL, Joj;foL,
;xsf/LsdL{ Pj+ s[lif sfo{stf{xsf] Ifdtf ljsf; tfnLd ;d]t
lbg ;Sg] PsLs[ t s] G b| s f] ?kdf ljsf; ub} { nlug] 5 .
(= ef}uf]lns ;DefJotf / t'ngfTds tyf :yfg ljz]ifsf] ljlzi6
nfe ;d]tsf b[li6af6 cfjZos kg]{ s[lif cg';Gwfg sfo{x
-vfB tyf kf]if0f k|ljlw nufotsf s[lif pTkfbg, ;+sng, u|]l8,
e08f/0f, k|zf]wg, Kofls\ cflb_ sf nflu lghL If]q / u}/ ;/sf/L
If]q ;d]tsf] ;xeflutfTds tyf k|lt:kwf{Tds s[lif cg';Gwfg
tyf ljsf; k|0ffnLsf] k|j4{g ul/g]5 . o:tf] k|0ffnL ;'xfpFbf] nufgL
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

Joj:yf ug{ s[lif cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; sf]ifsf] cjwf/0ff cg'?k


cg';Gwfgsf] ;+:yfut pRr lgsfosf] ;+/rgfnfO{ ;'wf/ u/L
Jojl:yt ul/g]5 . s[lif cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; ;Da4 cGt/f{li6o
;+u7gx;Fusf] ;xsfo{ / k|ljlw tyf ljz]if1 cfbfgk|bfgnfO{
k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
!)= lghL tyf u}/;/sf/L If]qaf6 s[lif cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;df ul/g]
vr{df s/ k|of]hgsf nflu vr{ n]Vg kfpg] ;'ljwfsf ;fy} cGo
pko'Qm k|f]T;fxg ;DaGwL Joj:yfx u/L lghL tyf j}b]lzs
If]qsf] nufgL cfs[i6 ul/g]5 .
!!= k|dv
' pTkfbg ;fdu|Lx? -pGgt kz', kG5L, df5f e"/f, /f;folgs
dn Pj+ aLp lahg cflb_ sf] cfoft, pTkfbg tyf df}Hbft
l:yltsf] lgoldt cg'udg u/L cfk"lt{ ;'lglZrt ul/g]5 .
!@= s[lif pTkfbg tyf Joj;fo k|j4{gdf cfjZos s[lif C0f k|jfxnfO{
pTkfbg tyf Joj;fosf] k|ltkmn;Fu cfa4 u/L ;'lglZrt ul/g]5 .
!#= cltj[li6, cgfj[li6, /f]u, ls/f Pj+ cGo b}jL k|sf]kxsf] cfFsng
/ s[lif /fxt kl/rfngsf nflu ;e]{ ;le{nG] ; k|0ffnL :yflkt u/L
lqmofzLn /flvg]5 .
!$= :yfgLo txdf s[ifsxsf] Ifdtf ;'wf/sf nflu s[ifs tflnd
sfo{s|ddf ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 .
!%= s[lif hgzltm pTkfbgsf nflu s[lif tyf jg ljZjljBfno :yfkgf
/ s[lif jg sn]hxsf] k|j4{g ul/g]5 . ljZjljBfnosn]hx
/ s[lif cg';Gwfg s]Gb| tyf /fli6o s[lif >f]t s]Gb|x;Fu k|fljlws
/ ljz]if1 cfbfg k|bfg u/L ;xsfo{ u/fpg] Joj:yfaf6 s[lif
hgzlQmsf] u'0f:t/ ljsf; ul/g]5 . s[lif Jofj;foLs/0fsf nflu
s[lif ahf/ tyf Joj;fo k|j4{g ;Da4 hgzlQm pTkfbgdf klg
hf]8 lbOg] 5 .
!^= s[lif If]qsf] of]hgf th'{df, gLlt lgwf{/0f tyf cg'udg d"Nofgsf
nflu cfjZos tYof ;+sng, ljZn]if0f / k|If]k0f sfo{nfO{ ;'b[9
ul/g] 5 . ;fy} s[lif If]qsf] nflu cg's"n d"No tyf Jofkf/ k4lt
(Terms of Trade) :yflkt u/fpg lgoldt cg'udg ul/g] 5 .
$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!&= s[lifsf sfo{qmdxsf] ;+rfngdf ;Dej x'g] ;a} If]qdf dlxnf


;+nUgtf Pj+ ;xeflutfnfO{ %) k|ltzt k'ofOg]5 . dlxnf s[ifs
tflnddf ;se/ 3'DtL tflndsf] k|aGw ldnfO{ 3/ ufpF glur
k'ofpg] k|aGw ldnfOg] 5 . sfo{qmddf dlxnf ;+nUgtf ;Da4
;" r gf tyf tYof+ s xsf] k| j fxnfO{ ;' l glZrt ul/g] 5 .
!*= rf/ x]S6/ eGbf sd hldg x'g] sd ;|ft] ;fwg ePsf (Resource
Poor) s[ifsx?sf] klxrfg / juL{s/0f u/L tf]lsPsf ;'ljwfx
pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
nlIft ju{xsf nflu ljz]if ;'ljwf
cfwf x]S6/eGbf sd hldg eO{ l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf Go"g /x]sf, blnt,
pTkLl8t tyf cGo ;LdfGt s[ifs Pj+ s[lif >ldsxnfO{ nlIft ;d"xdf
juL{s/0f u/L ljz]if ;'ljwf lbg] b[li6sf]0faf6 lgDg gLltx cjnDag
ul/g]5g\ .
!(= ;Lk ePsf e"ldlxg, ;LdfGt Pj+ ;fgf s[ifsxnfO{ e"lddf kxFr
'
k'ofpg sfod /x]sf] sfg"gL xbaGbLsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog,
xbaGbL 5'6sf] k|efjsf/L cg'udg, k|ultzLn s/ Joj:yf, v]tL
e"ldsf] nflu s/f/ ;DaGwL sfg"gL Joj:yf h:tf ljleGg ljsNkxsf]
klxrfg u/L e"lddf kx'Frsf cj;/xsf] ;[hgf ul/g]5 .
@)= e"ld a}+ssf] :yfkgf u/L :yfgLo lgsfosf] ;xeflutfdf s[lif
sfo{sf nflu hUuf lsGg]a]Rg]xnfO{ v]tLof]Uo hUufsf] pknAwtf
af/] ;"rgf ;]jf / cfjZos kg]{nfO{ C0f ;'ljwf pknAw u/fOg]5 .
o; a}+saf6 nlIft ju{xnfO{ s[lif pTkfbgsf nflu ;x'lnot
b/df e"ld vl/b ug{ ljz]if C0f ;'ljwf pknaw u/fOg] 5 .
@!= s/f/ jf sa'lnot Joj:yfaf6 s[lif hUuf jf kf]v/L jf 3f]n jf
hnfzo jf gbL gfnfsf If]qx k|fKt u/L s[lif pTkfbg ug]{
;d"xdf cfa4 eO{ cfpg] pTkLl8t, blnt tyf cGo ;LdfGt tyf
e"ldxLg s[lif >ldsxsf] nflu aLp lahg k|fljlws ;]jf lgMz'Ns
pknAw u/fOg]5 . ;fy} s[lif ljsf; a}+s nufot cGo ljQLo
;+:yfx? kl/rfng u/L ;x'lnot b/df ;d"xdf s[lif C0f pknAw
u/fOg] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@@= ;LdfGt hldg, r/gvs{, x}l;ot lalu|Psf jg tyf k|of]udf


gcfPsf ;fj{hlgs hldgnfO{ nlIft ;d'bfodf sa'lnotdf
x:tfGt/0f u/L ;DefJotf cg';f/ 3fF;, 8fn]3fF;, s[lif jg, hl8a'6L
tyf /]zd Pj+ cGo :yfoL ?v la?jf x'g] vfnsf gub]afnL Pj+
kmnk"mn au}+rf ljsf;df pkof]u u/fO{ jg tyf cGo hldgsf]
x} l ;ot ;' w f/sf ;fy} ul/aL lgjf/0fdf 6] j f k' ofOg] 5 .
@#= ;fgf l;+rfO{ k"jf{wf/x h:t} 9LsL kDk, /f]c/ kDk, l:k|\sn/,
8Lk, kfgL ;+sng (Water Harvest) kf]v/L cflbsf] lgdf{0f tyf
h8fgdf nlIft ;d"xnfO{ ljz]if ;'ljwf lbOg]5 .
@$= vfBfGg Go"g ePsf If]qxdf vfBfGg pknAwtf j[l4 ug{ pTkfbg
tyf cfo j[l4sf ;DefJotfsf] pkof]u u/fOg] 5 . ;fy} cGoqaf6
vfBfGg cfk"lt{ ;'lglZrt ug'k{ g]{ cj:yfdf vfBj:t' 9'jfgL, ;~ro
/ ljt/0fdf :yfgLo lgsfosf] ;xeflutfdf vfBfGg ;~ro Pj+
kl/rfng ;Ghfnsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
@%= g]kfn ;/sf/n] pknAw u/fpg] vfBj:t', 9'jfgL, ;fdfu|Lsf] d"No,
Jofh cflb ;'ljwfx vfB ;'/Iffsf b[li6af6 hf]lvd If]q / nlIft
;d" x klxrfg u/L k| f yldstf ;fy pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
@^=

df};d tyf cGo k|sf]ksf] ptf/ r9fjsf] cj:yfdf cfwf x]S6/eGbf


sd hldg ePsf / jif{el/ l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf gePsf s[ifsxsf]
nflu / e"ldlxg tyf cGo j}slNks cfo>f]t gePsf ;LdfGt
s[ifsxsf] nflu vfB tyf kf]if0f ;'/Iff sjrsf] (Safety Nets)
ljsf; ub}{ nlug] 5 .

v= Jofj;flos / k|lt:kwf{Tds s[lif k|0ffnLsf] ljsf;


@&= ahf/sf] dfu cg';f/sf] pko'Qm kl/df0f / u'0f:t/df s[lif j:t'
pTkfbg ug]{ a[xt\ pTkfbg If]q (Large Production Pockets)
ljsf; ul/g]5 . o:tf ks]6 If]qdf t'ngfTds nfe ePsf s[lif
j:t'x?sf] pTkfbgdf k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . o:tf If]qdf k|ljlw Pj+
k|fljlws ;]jf tyf s[lif ;8s, u|fdL0f ljB'tLs/0f, l;+rfO{, s[lif
C0f, ahf/ Joj:yf h:tf cGo ;'ljwfx PsLs[t ?kdf kl/rfng
ul/g]5 .
^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@*= vfBfGgsf] cefj ePsf If]qdf vfBfGg k'ofpg cfk"lt{ sfo{qmd


;~rfng ul/g] kxf8L If]q cf;kf;df To:tf] cfk"lt{ sfo{qmd
dfk{mt ahf/ d"Nodf vfBfGg vl/b u/L :yfgLo pTkfbg a9fpg
k|f]T;fxg ul/g] 5 .
@(= ;/sf/L kmfd{s]Gb|xdf pknAw ;|ft] ;fwgnfO{ lgwf{l/t p2]Zodf
c;/ gkg]{ u/L clwstd pkof]u ug{ Joj;fod"ns sfo{s|d
;d]tsf] bf]xf]/f] dfu{ (Double Track System) Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL
cjnDag ul/g]5 .
#)= kz' aLdfsf] lj:tf/ ul/g'sf ;fy} kG5L Pj+ 5flgPsf afnLsf] aLp
/ a9L df]n hfg] s[lifj:t'xsf] s|lds ?kdf aLdf ul/g]5 .
#!= k|ffl/s v]tL (Organic Farming) nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g] 5 .
k|ffl/s v]tL u/L s[lifj:t' lgsf;L ug]{ pTkfbg If]qdf pTkflbt
s[lifj:t'xsf] u'0f:t/ k|df0fLs/0fsf] nflu 6]jf k'ofOg]5 .
#@= xfO{la|8 aLp, pGgt gZnsf] pTkfbg tyf k|of]unfO{ k|f]T;fxg
ul/g] 5 / kl/jlt{t cfg'jz
+ sLo hLjx? (Genetically Modified
Organism) sf] k|of]unfO{ lgodg ul/g]5 .
##= k/Dk/fut :yfgLo df}lns s[lifj:t' Pj+ ;Da4 k|ljlwxsf]
k~hLs/0f tyf k|j4{g ul/g] 5 . :jb]zL d"nsf] ljlzi6 pTkfbg
Pj+ pTkfbg k+|ljlwxsf] klxrfg tyf clwsf/ ;'/lIft ul/g]5 .
#$= s[lif tflndnfO{ Ifdtf ;'wf/ / Joj;fo k|j4{gd'vL tflnddf
juL{s/0f ul/g]5 . Ifdtf ;'wf/ tflndaf6 s[lif sfo{stf{xsf]
Ifdtf ;'wf/ tyf s[ifsxsf] pTkfbg Ifdtf clej[l4 ul/g] 5 .
Jofj;fod"vL tflndnfO{ tflndkl5sf] Joj;fo Kofs]hdf cfwfl/t
u/L dfuk|wfg u/fOg]5 .
#%= lzlIft a]/f]huf/ o'jfxnfO{ s[lif k]zfdf cfs[i6 ug{ s[lif Joj;fo
:yfkgf tyf ;~rfng tflndsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
#^= pGgt s[lif >f]t ;fdfu|Lx -aLp, la?jf, a]gf{, gZn, e'/f cflb_
sf] :yfgLo pTkfbg tyf laqmL ljt/0f / dnvfb Pj+ /f]u tyf
sL6gfzs cf}ifwLxsf] laqmL ljt/0fnfO{ lgodg u/L cfk"lt{df
u'0f:t/ sfod u/fOg]5 . s[lif;Fu ;DalGwt lghL If]qsf k|of]uzfnf
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

&

;]jf tyf u'0f:t/Lo pTkfbg k|zf]wg ;]jfnfO{ klg lgodg u/L


dfGotf (Accreditation) lbOg]5 .
#&= u'0f:t/Lo s[lif pTkfbg / :yfgLo tyf afx\o ahf/df ljZj;gLotfsf]
ljsf; ug{ s[lif / kz' Sjf/]G6fOg ;]jfnfO{ Jojl:yt / ;'b[9
ul/g]5 .
#*= vfBj:t'sf] u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f, u'0flgoGq0f, u'0f:t/ k|df0fLs/0f /
lgodg ug]{ sfo{df :yfgLo lgsfo ;d]tsf] ;xeflutf kl/rfng
ul/g]5 .
#(= cGt/f{li6o ;lGw, ;+emf}tf tyf /fli6o cfjZostf cg';f/ s[lif
j:t' s f] lgodg ;] j fnfO{ cBfjlws ub} { nlug] 5 .
$)= ;xsf/Ldf cfwfl/t s[lif pBf]u Pj+ Joj;fosf] k|j4{gdf k|fyldstf
lbOg] 5 .
$!= s[lif pBdLJoj;foL Pj+ k|ultzLn s[ifs tyf ;Da4 ;+3
;+:yfxsf] u'gf;f Pj+ ;'emfjxsf] ljZn]if0f u/L lgsf; lbg /
ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7g, If]qLo Jofkf/ ;+u7g h:tf afXo lgsf;L
ahf/ ;Da4 ;+u7gx;F+usf k|lta4tfx / cfoft k|lt:yfkg
tyf lgsf;L k|j4{gdf lqmofzLn /xg s[lif pBf]u Joj;fo k|j4{g
;ldltsf] k|efjsf/L kl/rfng u/L s[lif Jofj;foLs/0fnfO{ 6]jf
k'ofOg]5 .
$@= s[lif j:t'xsf] Jofj;flos pTkfbg, k|zf]wg / ahf/ If]qdf
;xsf/L Pj+ lghL If]qsf] nufgL cfs[i6 ug{ k|fT] ;fxgo'Qm j:t'ut
tyf ljifout gLltxsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
$#= s[lif If]qdf lbOg'kg]{ k|fyldstf cg'?k s[lif cg';Gwfg, s[lif pTkfbg,
s[lif k|zf]wg, pBf]ux / cfGtl/s tyf afXo lgsf;L ahf/sf]
cGt;{DaGw :yflkt ug{ / afXo nufgL ;d]t cfs[i6 ug{sf nflu
5' 6 \ 6 } s[ l if pBf] u ljsf; gLlt NofO{ sfof{ G jog ul/g] 5 .
$$= Jofj;flos s[lif pTkfbgsf ;DefJo If]qxdf s[lif k|ljlw k|;f/
;]jf ;Mz'Ns pknAw u/fO{ lghLIf]q, ;xsf/L If]q tyf u}/;/sf/L
If]qnfO{ cfslif{t ul/g]5 .
*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

$%= pko'Qm kmfd{ s]Gb|xnfO{ s/f/dfsa'lnotdf lghL If]qaf6


;~rfng u/fpg k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
$^= ahf/ ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|jfx ug]{ sfo{ lghL Pj+
;xsf/L If]q tyf :yfgLo lgsfox;Fu ;fem]bf/Ldf ;d]t ;~rfng
ul/g]5 .
$&= s[lif j:t'xsf] Jofj;flos pTkfbgnfO{ ahf/ cj;/sf] ;'lglZrttf
lbg ;DefJo pTkfbg ynf] glhs ;+sng s]Gb| / ;DefJo 3gf
pkef]Qmf glhs ;+ul7t ahf/sf] ;'lglZrttf lbgsf] nflu lghL
tyf ;xsf/L If]qsf] nfut ;xeflutf / Joj:yfkgdf /xg] u/L
;'ljwfo'Qm s[lif yf]sahf/ tyf xf6 ahf/xsf] ljsf; tyf
lj:tf/df 6]jf k'ofOg]5 .
$*= cfGtl/s s[lif pTkfbsxnfO{ ;d]6]/ s/f/ pTkfbg k|0ffnLdf
cfj4 u/L ahf/ cj;/ lbg] / cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug]{ jf lgsf;L
ug]{ pBf]u Joj;foLxnfO{ k"h
F Lut tyf cGo k|fT] ;fxg;'ljwfx
s[lif Joj;fo k|j4{g ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zdf pknAw u/fOg]5 .
$(= :yfgLo ;;fgf] k"FhL / cGo >f]tsf] kl/rfng tyf k|j4{g u/L
;xsf/Lsf] ;+:yfut ljsf; ug{ ;+efJo s[ifs tyf pBdLxsf]
;d"xnfO{ ;xsf/Ls/0f ub}{ nlug]5 . ;fy} ufpF 3/sf o:tf ;xsf/L
;+:yfxnfO{ s[ifs ;d"xsf] pTkfbg ;fdu|L tyf ;]jfx pknAw
u/fpg] / pgLxsf pTkfbgxsf] ahf/ k|0ffnLdf k7fpg] :yfgLo
s]Gb| (Delivery Point) sf] ?kdf ljsf; ul/g]5 .
u= k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf jftfj/0fsf] ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g Pj+ ;b'kof]u
%)= s[lif /;fogxsf] k|of]uaf6 df6f] tyf hnfzosf] cj:yfdf kg]{ gsf/fTds
k|efj / cGo jftfj/0fLo ;d:ofnfO{ Go"g ul/g]5 . ;fy} kz'kG5Ldf
k| o f] u x' g ] cf} i fwL tyf xdf] { g xsf] k| o f] u df sdL NofOg] 5 .
%!= k|ffl/s dnsf] pTkfbg tyf k|of]u k|j4{gnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
%@= h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0fsf nflu hLg a}sf] Joj:yf / :yfgLo
;+/If0f (In Situ Conservation) nfO{ k|fT] ;flxt ul/g]5 . ;Defljt
If]qdf ;xeflutfTds h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f If]q (Participatory
Biodiversity Park) :yflkt ul/g] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

%#= x}l;ot lau|]sf jg tyf k|fs[lts hnfzosf] x}l;ot ;'wf/ ug]{


u/L h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g / ;b'kof]u tyf s[lif jg
k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
%$= :yfgLo ;xeflutfsf cfwf/df hnfwf/ Joj:yfkg / gbL s6fg
lgoGq0f u/L ;+/If0f k|wfg s[lif k|0ffnL ljsf; ub}{ nlug]5 .
%%= v]tL of]Uo hUufsf] v08Ls/0f lgoGq0f / j}1flgs e"Joj:yfkg
-rSnfaGbL_ nfO{ :yfgLo lgsfosf] ;xof]u ;d]tdf Jojl:yt
ul/g]5 .
%^= cfjZos sfg"gL Joj:yf ;d]t u/L e"ldsf] ;xsf/L;fem]bf/L;d"x
Joj:yfkg k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 . o:tf] e"ld
Joj:yfkgdf tTk/tf b]vfpg]nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] u/L ;Da4
s]Gb|Lo tyf :yfgLo ljsf; cfof]hgf tyf sfo{qmdxsf] 5gf}6
tyf sfof{ G jogsf] cfwf/ agfO{ pTk| ] l /t ul/g] 5 .
sfof{Gjog tyf cg'udg Joj:yf
s= :yfgLo txb]lv s]lGb|o tx;Ddsf] s[lif If]qsf] of]hgf th'{df,
cg'udg tyf d"Nofgdf ;DalGwt txdf -ufpF, lhNnf, If]q, s]Gb|_
;/f]sf/jfnfxsf] ;+nUgtfnfO{ ;'lglZrt u/L ;xeflutfTds
k4ltnfO{ a9fjf lbOg]5 . dlxnf, blnt Pj+ lk5l8Psf] ju{ ;DaGwL
;"rgf tyf tYofxnfO{ klg ;"rgf k|0ffnLdf NofOg] 5 .
v= s[lif ;Da4 lgsfoxaLr ;xeflutfTds Pj+ ;dGjofTds ?kdf
of]hgf th'{df, sfo{s|d sfo{fGjog tyf cg'udg u/fO{ of] gLlt
sfof{Gjog u/fpg /fli6o:t/df /fli6o s[lif ljsf; ;ldlt /xg]
5 . /fli6o s[lif ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ ;3fpg s]Gb|df s]Gb|Lo s[lif
ljsf; sfof{Gjog ;ldlt / If]qLo:t/df If]qLo s[lif ljsf; ;ldlt
/xg] 5g\ . :yfgLo txdf ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt / lhNnf ljsf;
;ldltxnfO{ :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g cg'?k of]hgf th'{df,
sfof{Gjog, cg'udg tyf d"Nofgdf lhDd]jf/ agfOg] 5 . lhNnf
txdf lhNnf s[lif ljsf; ;ldlt / ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt txdf s[lif
;ldlt /xg]5g\ . logn] :yfgLo lgsfoxnfO{ of] gLltsf] sfof{Gjog
/ cg'udg ug{df ;3fpg] 5g\ . /fli6o s[lif ljsf; ;ldlt /
!)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

:yfgLo lgsfoxnfO{ /fli6o s[lif ;|f]t s]Gb|xn] k|fljlws


k[i7kf]if0fsf] ;'lglZrttf lbg] 5g\ .
u= o; /fli6o gLltsf] sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf ;Da4 dGqfnoxn]
cfcfkm\gf] sfo{If]qdf k/]sf ljifox?sf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ 5g\ . o;
/fli6o s[lif gLltsf] sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg /fli6o s[lif ljsf;
;ldltn] ug]5
{ . o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjog /0fgLltx? / sfo{qmdx
tyf lhDd]jf/ lgsfox ;DaGwL ljifodf ;DalGwt dGqfnox?n]
:jLs[lt u/fO{ nfu" ug]5
{ g\ . ;fy}, j:t'ut tyf ljifout gLltx
lgdf{0f ubf{ o; /fli6o gLlt;Fu gaflemg] u/L ug'{ kg]{5 .

gf]6M s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @% adf]lhd >L % sf]
;/sf/ eGg] zAbxsf] ;f g]kfn ;/sf/ eGg] zAbx /fvL kfGt/0f
ul/Psf] .

b|i6AoM s[lif zAbn] afnL, jfujfgL, kz' kG5L, df5f cflb s[lifsf ;a} pkIf]q;Fu
;Da4 pTkfbg, pBf] u Pj+ Joj;fox? ;d] t hgfpF 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!!

s[lif Joj;fo k|a4{g gLlt, @)^#


-g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ldlt @)^#.*.!!_
! k[i7e"ldM
lgjf{xd'vL tyf 5l/P/ /x]sf] s[lif pTkfbg k|0ffnLnfO{ cfw'lgs, ;3g,
k|lt:kwL{ Pj+ Joj;fod'vL agfpg cfjZos ePsf] 5 . s[lifhGo j:t'x?n]
;'lglZrt jhf/ kfpg g;Sgfn] s[lif pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj ck]lIft ?kdf
j[l4 x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . s[lif Joj;fo k|j4{g ug{ sl7g ePsf] ;Gbe{df
k|efjsf/L jhf/ Joj:yfkg k|0ffnLsf] ljsf;af6 ljZj jhf/sf cj;/x?sf]
pkof]u u/L /fli6o cy{{tGqdf 6]jf k'ofpg /fli6|o s[lif gLlt, @)^! sf]
Jofj;flos tyf k|lt:kwf{Tds s[lif k|0ffnLsf cfwf/xsf] ljsf; u/L
If]qLo / ljZj ahf/;Fu k|lt:kwf{Tds agfpg] p2]Zo cg'?k s[lif Joj;fo
k|j4{g sfo{nfO{ ult k|bfg ug{ s[lif Joj;fo k|j4{g gLlt, @)^# nfu"
ul/Psf] 5 .
@= p2]Zo
@=!

jhf/d'vL / k|lt:kwf{Tds s[lif pTkfbg ug{ ;3fp k'ofpg]]

@=@

s[lifhGo pBf]usf] ljsf; u/L cfGtl/s jhf/ tyf lgof{t


k|a4{gdf of]ubfg k'ofpg], /

@=#

s[lifsf] Jofj;flos/0f u/L ul/aL lgjf/0fdf ;xof]u k'ofpg] .

#= gLlt

!@

#=!

ef}uf]lns, k|fljlws / cfly{s ;+efjgfsf cfwf/df j[xt pTkfbg


If]q (Growth Center) x?sf] :yfkgf tyf ljsf; tkm{ hf]8
lbOg] 5 .

#=@

cf}Bf]lus gLlt cg'?k :yfkgf x'g] ljz]if cfly{s If]q (Special


Economic Zone) x?;F+u ;dGjo x'g] u/L ahf/sf] dfu
cg';f/sf] pko'Qm kl/df0f / u'0f:t/sf ljz]if s[lif j:t' pTkfbg
ug{ ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] k|ltj4tfsf] cfwf/df lgDg lnlvt ljz]if
pTkfbg If]]qx?sf] ls6fg u/L sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

-s_ Jofj;flos jfnLj:t' pTkfbg If]]q (Commercial


Crop/Commodity Productuion Area),

-v_ k|fu+ fl/s ljifflb/lxt pTkfbg If]q] (Organic /Pesticidefree Production Area) /
-u_ lgof{td"ns jfnLj:t' pTkfbg If]q (Agri Product Export
Area)

#=#

ls6fg ul/Psf s[lif pTkfbg If]qx?df pTkfbg ;fdu|L, k|ljlw


Pj+ k|fljlws ;]jf, s[lif ;8s, u|fdL0f ljB'tLs/0f, l;+rfO{, s[lif
Joj;fo C0f, ljdf, ahf/ Joj:yf, ;"rgf k|0ffnL, pko'Qm s[lif
oflGqs/0f Pj+ k|zf]w] g nufotsf ;'ljwfx ;DalGwt ;/sf/L,
u}/;/sf/L, ;xsf/L tyf lghL If]qsf] ;xsfo{df PsLs[t ?kdf
;'lglZrt ul/g]5 .

#=$

Jofkfl/s tyf ef}uf]lns If]qxsf] cfwf/df u'0f:t/Lo s[lifhGo


pTkfbg ;fdu|L / pTkfbgsf] ;+sng, k|zf]wg, ;+ro, 9'jfgL /
jhf/ d"No h:tf Jofj;flos ;]jf k|bfg ug{ ;/sf/L tyf u}/
;/sf/L If]qsf] ;xeflutfdf Jofj;flos ;]jf s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf
tyf ljsf; ul/g] 5 .

#=%= l;+rfO{, s[lif ;8s, ;+sng s]Gb|, zLt e08f/ -sf]N8 / k|mf]h]g
:6f]/]h / s'ln RofDj/_, u|fdL0f ljB'tLs/0f, pko'Qm s[lif
k|ljlwsf] ljsf;, k/LIf0f ;]jf h:tf Joj;fo k|j4{gsf k"jf{wf/x?
;/sf/L, lghL, ;xsf/L, u}/ ;/sf/L tyf gful/s ;dfh ;d]tsf]
;xsfo{df lj:tf/ ul/g] 5 .
#=^=

s[lif Joj;fo k|j4{g ug{sf nflu s[lif Joj;fosf ;+efjgf /


cfjZostfsf] cfwf/df s[ifs Pj+ Jofkf/Lx? tyf s[lif pBdL
Pj+ ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfx? jLr x'g] s/f/ ;]jfnfO{ Jojl:yt
tyf j}1flgs jgfO{g] 5 .

#=&

s[lifhGo Joj;fosf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ pks/0f, y|;


] /, l:k|sn/,
jLl8=d]lzg, xfe]i{ 6/, lrln Eofg, s'ln= Eof6, ldNs k|f;
] ;
] /,
s[lif oGq cflbdf cfoft ubf{ ;DalGwt lgsfox?sf] l;kmfl/zdf
Joj;fo :yfkgf ePsf] !) jif{;Dd &% k|ltzt eG;f/ cy{
dGqfnosf] jh] 6 jQmJodf ;dfj] z u/L 5' 6 lbOg] 5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!#

#=*

s[lif Joj;fosf] kl/of]hgf lwtf]df /fvL shf{ k|jfx ug]{ Joj:yf


ldnfOg] 5 . s[lif Aofj;fo k|j4{gsf nflu s[ifs ;d"x hdfgtdf
C0f k|jflxt ul/g] 5 .

#=(

s[lif Joj;fodf shf{ nufgL ubf{ Joj;fojf6 cfo k|fKt x'g


;Sg] -Gestation Period_] ;+efjgfsf cfwf/df shf{ e'Qmfg x'g]
Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .

#=!) ljkGg ju{, dlxnf / blnt ju{jf6 s[lif pBd :yfkgf;+rfng


ug{ ljz]if sfo{qmd nfu" ul/g] 5 .
#=!! lzlIft a]/f]huf/ tyf ;]jf lga[t JolQm jf ;d"xnfO{ s[lif tyf
kz'hGo Joj;fo :yfkgf tyf ;~rfngsf nflu Jofj;flos
sfo{qmd tof/ u/L nfu" ul/g]5 .
#=!@ ahf/ df+usf] cfwf/df s[lif Joj;fo k|j4{g ug{, hgzlQm ljsf;
ug{ hf]8 lbg'sf ;fy} ;/sf/L, ;xsf/L / u}/ ;/sf/L :t/df
tflnd lbg] ;+:yfx?nfO{ ;d]t Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{ ;xof]u ul/g]
5.
#=!# s[lif Joj;fo k|j4{g ug{sf nflu cfjZos dWod :t/Lo hgzlQm
ljsf; ug{ lzIf0f ;+:yfx?sf] ;dGjodf ;dofg's'n kf7\os|d
;dfj]z tyf kl/dfh{g u/fOg]5 .
#=!$ lxdfnL If]qdf j[xt kz'kfng ug{ nfdf] cjlwsf] nflu sj'lnot
k|0ffnLdf ;DalGwt lgsfo;+u ;dGjo u/L vs{ pknJw u/fOg]
5.
#=!% ;fj{hlgs If]qsf] hUuf tyf cGo If]qdf ;d]t ;+efJotfsf
cfwf/df hl8a'6L v]tLsf] ljsf;nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g] 5 .
#=!^ /fli6o b[li6n] k|fyldstf k|fKt pTkfbgnfO{ Jofj;flos, k|ltikwL{
tyf lgof{td'vL jgfpg k|f]T;fxg :j?k hUufsf] xbjGbL 5'6
lbg] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
#=!& /fhdfu{,{ ;xfos dfu{ tyf s[lifu|fdL0f ;8sx?sf] cf;kf;sf
If]qxdf ljsf; ul/g] s[lifhGo Jofj;flos ks]6x?sf] nflu
jhf/ ;Ghfn ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ul/g]5 .
!$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#=!*= s[lif pBf]u Joj;fo k|j4{gsf] nflu pTkfbg ynf] glhs ;+sng
s]Gb| / zx/L If]qdf ;+ul7t yf]s tyf v'b|f ahf/ ;'lglZrt ug{
lghL tyf ;xsf/L If]q ;d]tsf] cfly{s tyf Joj:yfksLo ;xsfo{df
s[ l if ahf/xsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ tyf Jojl:yt ul/g] 5 .
#=!( s[lif jhf/ tyf Jofj;flos ;]jf s]Gb|x?df ;dofg'sn
' ljB'tLo
Jofkf/s] f (E-commerce) klg ljsf; ul/g] 5 .
#=@) lghL Pj+ ;xsf/L If]q tyf :yfgLo lgsfoxsf] ;fem]bf/Ldf
s[lif ahf/ tyf s[lif Joj;fo;+u ;DalGwt ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf]
ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|jfx ul/g]5 .
#=@! s[lif j:t'x?sf] jhf/df k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf u/L
jhf/ k|lqmofjf6} d"No lgw{f/0f x'g] k|0ffnLnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]
5 . o; s|ddf ;+ul7t s[lif yf]s ahf/ :ynx?df ;+efJotfsf
cfwf/df cS;g -Auction_ nufot pko'Qm d"No lgwf{/0f ljlw
nfu" ul/g]5 .
#=@@ s[lif jhf/x?df :yfgLo lgsfon] Jofj;foLx?af6 p7fpg] u/]sf]
z'Ns:yfgLo s/ dWo]af6 slDtdf @) k|ltzt /sd ;f]xL
jhf/sf] lgdf{0f, ;'wf/ tyf k|a4{g sfo{df vr{ ug]{ Joj:yf
ldnfOg]5 .
#=@# Joj;foLx?n] s[lif pkhx?sf] 9'jfgLsf] ;fwg vl/b ug{ rfx]df
Jofhb/df ;x'lnotsf] Joj:yf ul/g]] 5 .
#=@$ Joj;flos pTkfbg ks]6;+Fu cfjl4t x'g] u/L ;xsf/L ;+:yf,
s[ifs ;d"x, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf tyf Jofkf/L nufotsf pBdLn]
u|fdL0f If]qdf ;DefJotfsf] cfwf/df s[lif pkh ;+sng s]Gb|,
k|zf]wg s]Gb|| Pj+ kz'kGIfL jwzfnf :yfkgf ug{ rfx]df k|fljlws
;xfotf pknJw u/fpg'sf] ;fy} ef}lts lgdf{0fsf] -hUUff jfx]s_
nflu s]xL ;xof]u pknJw u/fOg] 5 .
#=@%= zLt e08f/ (Cold & Frozen Storage, Cold Chain, Cold
Chamber and Chiling Vat), s[lif yf]s ahf/ Pj+ ;+sng
s]Gb| / kz' awzfnfsf] ;+rfngdf nfUg] ljB't dxz'ndf
pBdJoj;fo :yfkgfsf] !) aif{;Dd @% /sd cy{ d+qfnosf]
jh]6 jStAodf ;dfj]z u/L 5'6 lbO{g] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!%

#=@^= k|ffl/s v]tL k|ljlf/f pTkflbt s[lif j:t'xsf] u'0f:t/


k| d f0fLs/0f u/L s[ l if Joj;fonfO{ k| j 4{ g ul/g] 5 .
#=@& aLpm ljhg, lj?jf, kz'k+IfL / vfB tyf s[lif j:t'sf] cfoft
lgof{tdf k|df0fLs/0fsf] Joj:yfnfO{ ;'b[9 / ;Ifd jgfO{g] 5 .
#=@* k/Dk/fut :yfgLo s[lifj:t' Pj+ df}lns k|ljlw (Indegeneous
Knowledge/Technology) xsf] k~hLs/0f u/L k|a4{g ug]{
Joj:yf ldnfOg]] 5 .
#=@( u'0f:t/ k|df0fLs/0f ug{ ;/sf/L tyf lghL:t/jf6 Ps[l8P6]8
OlG8k]G8]G6 Pgflnl6sn n]jf] /]6/L -Accrediated Independent
Analytical Laboratory_ x?sf] :yfkgf / ljsf;nfO{ k|fT] ;fxg
u/L pgLx?sf] Ifdtfsf] clej[l4 ug{ ;xof]u ul/g] 5 .
#=#) s[lif ;DjGwL Joj;fox?sf] ljsf; / lj:tf/df a}b]lzs k||ToIf
nufgLnfO{ ;DefJotfsf] cfwf/df k| f ] T ;flxt ul/g] 5 .
#=#! s[lifhGo pBf]unfO{ /fli6o:t/df k|fyldstf k|fKt pBf]usf] ?kdf
dfGotf lbO{ ;f] x L cg' ? ksf ;' l jwf k| b fg ul/g] 5 .
#=#@ s/f/ v]tLdf k|of]u x'g] hUufdf df]xLofgL gnfUg] Joj:yf ul/g]
5.
#=## g]kfndf ;+rflnt pBf]ux?df :yfgLo sRrf kbfy{sf] k|of]unfO{
k|f]T;flxt ul/g] 5 .
#=#$ s[lif pTkfbg ks]6s[lif j[xt pTkfbg If]q -Growth Center_
df cfwfl/t j:t'sf] lgof{t tyf jhf/ k|a4{gd'vL Joj;fo vf]Ng
;+efJotfsf] cfwf/df pko'Qm k|ljlw ;xof]u k|bfg ul/g] 5 .
#=#% ljb]z l:yt g]kfnL /fhb"tfjf; dfkm{t lgof{t jhf/sf] ;"rgf
k| j fx Pj+ k| a 4{ g sfo{ n fO{ ;3fp k' ofOg] 5 .
#=#^ t'ngfTds nfesf cj;/x?sf] pkof]u u/L lgof{t k|a4{g ug{
j}bl] zs jhf/sf] dfusf] vf]hL u/L k|fKt ;"rgfk|ljlw x:tfGt/0f
tyf k|;f/ ul/g] 5 .

!^

#=#& s[lif Joj;fo;+u ;DjlGwt lgsfox? aLr ;dGjo ug{ / gLltut


Pj+ sfof{Gjog :t/df cfOk/]sf jfwf sl7gfOx?sf] ;dfwfgdf
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

kxn ug{ lhNnf tyf If]qLo:t/sf s[lif ljsf; ;ldltx?nfO{


kl/rfng ul/g] 5 . o; ;ldltdf lghL If]qsf] ;xeflutfnfO{
j[l4 ul/g] 5 .
#=#* s[lif jhf/ ljsf;sf] gLlt / of]hgf cg's'n x'g] u/L ;xsf/L
;+:yf, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;xsf/L jf lghL
If]qaf6 s[lif jhf/ k"jf{wf/ ljsf;df nufgL ug{ k|:tfj cfPdf
o:tf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ug]{ sfo{nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g] 5 .
#=#( g]kfndf ljsf; ePsf / x'g] s[lif pkh jhf/ :ynx?jf6} ;|f]t
kl/rfng u/L pgLx? jLr ;dGjo, k"jf{wf/ tyf Ifdtf ljsf;df
of]ubfg k'ofpg s[lif Joj;fo k|a4{g sf]ifsf]] u7g ul/g] 5 .
o; sf]ifdf k|To]s jhf/n] jflif{s v'b cfosf] @ k|ltzt /sd
hDdf ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g] 5 . o; sf]ifsf] ;+rfng ug{ jhf/
;+rfns ;ldltsf] ;+nUgtfdf ;+rfns ;ldlt u7g ul/g] 5 .
#=$) lghL If]q, ;xsf/L jf u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf jf ;/sf/L :jfldTjdf
/x]sf] hUufdf lghLu}/ ;/sf/L tyf ;/sf/L lgsfosf] ;xsfo{df
s[lif jhf/sf] k"jf{wf/sf] ;+efjgf b]lvPdf ;fj{hlgslghL,
;fem]bf/Ldf k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ug]{ k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/g] 5 .
#=$! Jofj;flos s[lif;+Fu ;DalGwt jfnL pTkfbg, kz'kfng, jhf/
Joj:yf tyf s[lif pBf]ux?sf] aLdf u/fpg] Joj:yfsf] ljsf;
ul/g] 5 .
#=$@ s[lif Joj;fo ;DaGwL gLltut jfwf sl7gfO{x?sf] ;dfwfgdf
kxn ug{ / gLltut ;'wf/sf nflu ;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfj lbg
;/sf/L tyf lghL If]qsf] ;+nUgtfdf /fli6o s[lif gLltdf pNn]v
eP cg'?k pRr:t/Lo s[lif Joj;fo k|j4{g ;ldltsf] Joj:yf
ul/g] 5 . pQm ;ldlt cg';"rL! df lbP jdf]lhd x'g] 5 .
#=$# o; gLltnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ qmddf ;/sf/n] cfjZostf
cg';f/ sfo{ljlw agfO{ nfu" ug]{ 5 .
#=$$ o; gLltdf pNn]v ePsf s'/fx?sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog,
;dGjo / cg'udg ug{ Ps ;ldltsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!&

b|i6AoM
-s_

s[lif zAbn] afnL, jfujfgL, kz'kG5L, df5f cflb s[lifsf ;a} pkIf]q;+u
;Da4 pTkfbg, pBf] u Pj+ Joj;fox? ;d] t hgfpF 5 .

-v_

s[lif Joj;fo eGgfn] jfnL, jfujfgL, kz'kG5L, df5f cflb s[lifsf


;fy} pkIf]q;+u ;Da4 Jofj;flos pTkfbg, j]rljvg / k|zf]wg
;DjGwL sfo{x?nfO{ hgfpF5 .

-u_

Growth Center eGgfn]] pknAw xfjfkfgL, df6f], e"jgf]6 tyf

-3_

-8_

-r_

-5_

-h_
-em_

!*

jhf/ ;DefJotfsf cfwf/df s'g} vf; afnLj:t'sf] Jofj;flos


?kdf ljsf; ug{ lgwf{l/t a[xt If]q .
Special Economic Zone eGgfn] cfly{s ;Defjgfsf cfwf/df

lglZrt pTkfbgk|zf]wg, Kofs]lh tyf lgof{t ;DaGwL sfo{


ug{ ljsl;t ;'ljwfo'Qm :yfgIf]q .

Commercial crop/Commodity Production Area eGgfn]

Jofj;flos k|of]hgsf nflu v]tL ul/Psf] afnL tYff tT;DaGwL


vf; afnLj:t' pTkfbgsf] If]q .
Organic / Pesticide free Proudction Area eGgfn] s[lif

pkh pTkfbg If]q hxfF+ /f;folgs dn, ljiffbL, jg:klt a[l4hGo


x/df] g cflbsf] k| o f] u g} gu/L pTkfbg ul/G5 .
Agri Product Export Area eGgfn] a}bl] zs ahf/sf] dfusf]

cfwf/df s[lif pkh pTkfbg ul/g] If]q h:fsf] pTkfbg pkef]Qmfsf]


?rL tyf dfu ePsf] j:t'sf] u'0f:t/ cg';f/ tof/ u/L lgof{t
ul/G5 .
Gestation Period eGgfn] s'g} vf; afnLsf] s[lif Joj;fodf

nufgLaf6 k| l tkmn k| f Kt

x' g nfUg] ;dofjlw .

Cold & Frozen Storage / Cold Chain / Cold Chamber


& Chilling Vat eGgfn] jg:klthGo tyf k| f 0fLhGo

vfBj:t'k|hgg kbfy{ tyf ;f]df k|of]u x'g] ;xof]uL kbfy{


h:fsf] ef}lts a[l4nfO{{ lg:t]h kfg{] jf /f]Sg] u/L tfks|d Go"g
/flvPsf] jftfg's'lnt 7fpF .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

-`_

-6_

-7_

Indegeneous Knowledge/Technology eGgfn] k/Dk/fut

?kdf k|of]u ul/b}+ cfPsf 1fg, ;Lk, tyf k|ljlw h:fsf] :yfgLo
:t/df g} ljsf; / lj:tf/ ePsf] dflgG5 .
Accrediated Independent Analytical Laboratory eGgfn]

:jb]zsf k|of]uzfnfx?nfO{ cGo /fi6sf k|of]uzfnfx?sf] :t/;+uF


;dfgtf sfod ul/Psf] cj:yf h:fsf] k|df0fnfO{ cGo /fi6n]
ljgf s'g} zt{ cg'df]bg ub{5g\ .
E - Commerce eGgfn] ljleGg ljB'lto ;+rf/sf dfWod
(E-mail, Internet, Satellite) af6 ;Dk{s u/L ;+rfng ul/g]

Joj;flos k4lt .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!(

cg';"rL!
-bkmf #=$@ ;u ;DalGwt_
s[lif Joj;fo k|a4{g ;ldltsf] ;+/rgf b]xfo jd]flhd x'g]5 M
!=

dfggLo s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqL

cWoIf

@=

dfggLo /fHodGqL Pj+ ;xfos dGqL

#=

;lrj, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno

;b:o

$=

;lrj, cy{ dGqfno

;b:o

%=

;lrj, pBf]u, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno

;b:o

^=

;lrj, :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno

;b:o

&=

;xcWoIf, /fli6o ;xsf/L ljsf; af]8{

;b:o

*=

cWoIf, pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3

;b:o

(=

s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfnoaf6 dgf]lgt s[lif


pBdLx? dWo]af6 @ hgf

!)=

kb]g ;b:o

;b:o

;x ;lrj, s[lif Joj;fo k|j4{g tyf tYof+s dxfzfvf,


s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno

;b:o ;lrj

dgf]lgt ;b:osf] sfo{sfn $ jif{sf] x'g] 5 .

gf]6M s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @% adf]lhd >L % sf]
;/sf/ eGg] zAbxsf] ;f g]kfn ;/sf/ eGg] zAbx /fvL kfGt/0f
ul/Psf] .

@)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

s[lif h}ljs ljljwtf gLlt, @)^#


-g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ldlt @)^#.!!.@!_
!= k[i7e"ld M
k[YjLdf dfgj hfltsf] ;[i6Lsf] lg/Gt/tfsf] nflu h}ljs ljljwtfsf]
dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf 5 . h}ljs ljljwtfsf] cleGg csf] ?kdf /x]sf] s[lif
h}ljs ljljwtf dfgj hfltsf] cfwf/e"t vfB ;'/Iff tyf hLljsf]kfh{gsf]
nflu ckl/xfo{ 5 . s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g Pj+ ljsf; xfd|f
k"j{hn] ub}{ cfPsf x'g\ . g]kfndf s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfsf cleGg c+ux?
kof{Kt dfqfdf pknAw eP klg ;dosf] cGt/fndf :yfgLo s[lifhGo
cfg'j+lzs >f]t nf]k x'g nfu]sf] tYo cWoogcg';Gwfgn] k|i6 kf/]sf]
5 . s[lif k|wfg b]zdf s[lif If]qsf] lbuf] ljsf;, vfB ;'/Iff / ul/aL
lgjf/0fsf] cfwf/:tDesf] ?kdf /x]sf] dxTjk"0f{ s[lif h}ljs ljljwtf
;+ / If0f, ;+ j 4{ g Pj+ bLuf] pkof] u ug{ ' /fli6 o lhDd] j f/L xf] .
h}ljs ljljwtfsf] a9L pkof]u x'g] k|hflt (Species) nfO{ ;d]6\g]
s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfnfO{ /fi6n] /fv]sf] lbuf] s[lif ljsf;sf] nIo cg'?k
cfly{s pknlAw xfl;n ug{ Pj+ kof{j/0fLo ;Gt'ng sfod ug{ h}ljs
ljljwtf ;+/If0f x'g clt cfjZos 5 . pko{'Qm cfjZostfnfO{ dWogh/
/fVb}, g]kfn kIf /x]sf] cGt/f{li6o h}ljs ljljwtf dxf;lGw, !((@
(Convention on Biological Diversity 1992) Pj+ ;femf ;dembf/L
tyf g]kfn h}ljs ljljwtf /0fgLlt, @)%( ;d]tnfO{ b[li6ut u/L /fli6o
s[lif gLlt @)^! sf] h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g Pj+ ;b'kof]u ug]{
p2]Zo cg'?k of] gLlt nfu" ul/Psf] 5 .

@= kl/efiff M
o; gLltsf] k|of]hgsf nflu M
-s_ cfg'j+lzs kbfy{ eGgfn] g]kfn clw/fHosf] jg:klt, hLj
hGt' tyf ;"Id hLjf0f'sf]] ls|ofTds OsfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
-v_ cfg'j+lzs >f]t efn] g]kfn clw/fHosf :j:yfgLo (in-situ)
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@!

jf k/:yfgLo (ex- situ) cj:yfdf /x]sf jf:tljs / ;+efljt


cj:yfdf /x]sf] jf:tljs / ;Defljt dxTjsf cfg'j+lzs kbfy{
;Demg' k5{ . ;f] zAbn] To:tf] cfg'jl+ zs a:t'sf] cjoj (Organ)
jf To;sf] kl/jlt{t Pj+ kl/dflh{t :j?k (Derivatives) ;d]tnfO{
hgfpF5 . t/ ;f] zAbn] dfgj cfg'j+lzs >f]tnfO{ hgfpg] 5}g .
-u_ :j:yfgLo (in-situ) ;+/If0f efn] df}lns jf;:yfgdf g}
;+/If0f ug]{ sfo{nfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
-3_ k/:yfgLo (ex-situ) ;+/If0f efn] df}lns jf;:yfg eGbf
cGoq k|fs[lts jf s[lqd jftfj/0f tof/ u/L ;+/If0f ug]{ sfo{nfO{
;Demg' k5{ .
-_ h}ljs ljljwtf eGgfn] cfsfzLo, :ynLo (Terrestrial), hnLo,
;fd'lb|s / cGo If]qdf /x]sf] hLj hGt'x?sf] kfl/l:ylts k|0ffnL
(Ecosystem), To;sf] efusf] ?kdf /x]sf] hLj / jg:kltsf]
;DaGw tyf ljljwtf ;Demg' kb{5 . ;f] zAbn] hftLo, k|hftLo
ljljwtf (Species Diversity), cfg'j+lzs ljljwtf (Genetic
Diversity) / kl/l:ylts k|0ffnL sf] ljljwtf (Ecosystem
Diversity) ;d]tnfO{ hgfpFb5 .
-r_ s[lif h}ljs ljljwtf eGgfn] h}ljs ljljwtf cGtu{t s[lifhGo
kfl/l:yltsLo k|0ffnL (Agro-ecosystem) sf] ljljwtf, k|hftLo
ljljwtf (Species Diversity) tyf j+zf0f'ut ljljwtf (Genetic
Diversity) df ;dflxt vfB / s[lifsf cfg'j+lzs >f]tx?, s[lif
pTkfbg k|0ffnL;+u cfa4 ePsf kof{j/0fLo ;]jfx? k|bfg ug]{
laleGg lsl;dsf hLjx?, s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfdf lglZrt k|efj
kfg]{ ch}ljs kIfx? tyf ;fdflhs, cfly{s / ;f+:s[lts kIfx?
-cg';"rL ! adf]lhd_ ;Demg' k5{ .
-5_ s[lif h}ljs ljljwtf clen]v eGgfn] g]kfnsf] vfB / s[lifhGo
cfg'j+lzs >f]t / To:fsf cjoj tyf kl/jlQ{t / kl/dflh{t
cfg'jl+ zs >f]t / To;;Fu ;DalGwt :yfgLo ;d'bfosf] k/Dk/fut
1fg, ;Lk, vf]h, k|ljlw / cEof; ;d]tsf] k+lhs/0faf6 tof/
kfl/Psf] clen]v ;Demg' k5{ .
@@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

-h_ kx'Fr eGgfn] cfg'j+lzs >f]t tyf cfg'j+lzs kbfy{ / o:tf


>f]t tyf kbfy{;+u ;DalGwt h}ljs >f]t / :yfgLo ;d'bfosf]
k/Dk/fut 1fg, ;Lk, vf]h, k|ljlw / cEof; tyf ltgLx?sf]
:j:yfgLo / k/:yfgLo cj:yfdf /x]sf cjoj tyf kl/dflh{t
>f]tsf] ;ng, k|flKt, u|x0f ;Demg' k5{ .
-em_ pkof]u eGgfn] cfg'jl+ zs >f]t tyf cfg'jl+ zs kbfy{sf] cWoog,
cg';Gwfg, Jofkfl/s tyf cf}Bf]lus jf cGo k|of]hgsf] nflu
ul/g] pkof]u ;Demg' k5{ .
-`_ s[ifs eGgfn] k/Dk/fut 1fg, ;Lk, vf]h, k|ljlw, k|of]u cEof;
cflbsf] cfwf/df k/Dk/fut :yfgLo vfB / s[lifhGo cfg'j+lzs
>f]tsf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g Pj+ ljsf; ug]{ :yfgLo JolQm jf ;d'bfo
;Demg' k5{ .
-6_ nfesf] afF8kmfF8 eGgfn] cfg'jl+ zs >f]t tyf cfg'jl+ zs kbfy{sf]
kx'r
F , pkof]u / lgsf;Lsf] kl/0ffd :j?k k|fKt x'g] cfly{s nfe
/ cGo kmfObfsf] afF8kmfF8 ;Demg' k5{ .
-7_ ;dGoflos (Equitable) ljt/0f eGgfn] cfg'j+lzs >f]t jf
cfg'j+lzs kbfy{df kx'Fr k|bfg u/] afkt / To:tf] >f]t tyf
kbfy{ jf ;f] ;+u ;DalGwt k/Dk/fut 1fg, ;Lk, vf]h, k|ljlw
/ cEof;sf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g / ljsf; u/] afkt ul/g] nfesf]
afF8kmfF8 tyf ljt/0f ;Demg' k5{ .
-8_ k/fDk/fut 1fg efn] h}ljs >f]tsf] ;+/If0f Pj+ pkof]usf]
af/]df :yfgLo JolQm jf ;d'bfodf lglxt /x]sf 1fg, ;Lk, vf]h,
k|ljlw / cEof; ;Demg' k5{ .
-9_ h}ljs ;'/Iff eGgfn] ;+sf| ds, cg'jz
+ kl/jlt{t hLj (Genetically
Modified Organism, GMO) hLljt ?kdf ?kfGtl/t hLj
(Living Modified Organism, LMO) ;d]tsf] Jofj;flos jf
cg';GwfgfTds k|of]uaf6 s[lif h}ljs ljljwtf, dfgj, kz'k+IfL,
lj?jfsf] :jf:Yo tyf ;'/Iff / jftfj/0fLo hf]lvdaf6 hf]lug]
pkfonfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@#

-0f_ ;ldlt efn] o; gLltsf] cg';l" r @ adf]lhdsf] s[lif h}ljs


ljljwtf, /fli6 o ;+ / If0f ;ldlt nfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .

#= kl/sNkgf (Vision) :
vfB Pj+ s[lifhGo cfg'jl+ zs >f]t, kbfy{ tyf :yfgLo 1fg, ;Lk cflbsf]
;+/If0f, pkof]u / nfesf] ;dGoflos (Equitable) Pj+ Goflos (Fair)
af+8kmf+8 u/L jt{dfg / efjL k':tfsf] vfB ;'/Iff Pj+ ul/aL Go"lgs/0f
ug]{ kl/sNkgf ul/Psf] 5 .

$= p2]Zox?
-s_ s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g / lbuf] pkof]u u/L
s[lifsf] ;d'lrt ljsf; Pj+ vfB tyf kf]if0f ;'/Iff ;'b[9 ug]{ .
-v_ s[ifssf] k/Dk/fut 1fg, ;Lk, vf]h, k|ljlw, pkof]u / cEof;x?sf]
xs lxtsf] ;+/If0f Pj+ ;+j4{g ug]{ .
-u_ s[lif cg'j+lzs >f]t tyf kbfy{sf] kx'+r / pkof]uaf6 >[lht
cj;/ / nfex?sf] ;dGoflos Pj+ Goflos ljt/0f k|0ffnLsf]
Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
-3_ bL3{sflng ?kdf s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f Pj+ ;+j4{g u/L
kof{ j /0fLo ;Gt' n g clea[ l 4 ug{ d f of] u bfg k' ofpg] .

%= gLlt
s= s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g / lbuf] pkof]usf nflu
b]xfo adf]lhdsf gLlt cjnDag ul/g]5 M
!= s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g tyf lbuf] pkof]usf]
nflu cWoog, cg';Gwfg Pj+ k|;f/ ug]{ .
@= s[ifsaf6 s[ifs aLr aLp ljlgdo ug]{ k/Dk/fut aLp tyf
cGo ljt/0f k|0ffnLnfO{ ;'b[9 ug]{ .
#= s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfdf cfwfl/t ahf/ tyf pBf]u Joj;fonfO{
k|f]T;fxg lbg] .
$= s[ifssf] 1fg / ;Lkdf cfwfl/t a}1flgs k|ljlw Pj+ 1fgsf]
k|of]unfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ .
@$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

%= s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfdf cfwfl/t e} s[ifssf] lxt x'g] u/L


hg;xeflutfd"ns k4ltf/f pTkfbg a[l4, /f]huf/L Pj+
cfod"ns sfo{s|dx?nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] .
v= s[ifssf] k/Dk/fut 1fg, ;Lk, vf]h, k|ljlw, pkof]u / cEof;x?sf]
xs lxtsf] ;+/If0f Pj+ ;+j4{gsf nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf gLlt
cjnDag ul/g]5 M
!= k/Dk/fut tyf :yfgLo vfB / s[lif cfg'jl+ zs >f]t Joj:yfkg
;+DalGw s[ifssf] k/Dk/fut 1fg, ;Lk, vf]h, k|ljlw k|of]u,
cEof; cflbnfO{ ;+/If0f k|bfg ug]{ .
@= k/Dk/fut tyf :yfgLo s[lif cfg'j+lzs >f]tsf] :jfldTj,
To:tf] >f]tsf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g Pj+ ljsf; ug]{ s[ifs / g]kfn
;/sf/df /xg] .
#= s[lif h}ljs >f]tsf] ;+sng, juL{s/0f tyf d"Nofg u/L
lj:t[t j}1flgs ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ .
$= s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfsf] clen]v tof/ u/L kl~hs/0f ug]{ /
;f]sf] :jfldTj s[ifsdf g} lglxt /xg] .
%= s[ifssf] k/Dk/fut tyf :yfgLo 1fg, ;Lk, vf]h, k|ljlw,
k|of]u, cEof; cflbsf] xs ;DalGwt s[ifsdf lglxt /xg] .
^= vfB / s[lif cfg'jl+ zs >f]t Pj+ :yfgLo 1fgsf] k|of]u u/L
F sf] nflu k"j{
gofF k|ljlw ljsf; Pj+ Joj;fo ug'{ k/]df kx'r
cg'dlt lbg] ;+:yf ;+u cnUu} ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{ . o;/L
;Demf}tf ubf{ jftfj/0f Pj+ h}ljs ljljwtfdf k|lts"n k|efj
gkg]{ u/L ug'{ kg]{ .
u= s[lif cfg'j+lzs >f]t tyf kbfy{sf] kx'+r / pkof]uaf6 >[lht
cj;/ / nfex?sf] ;dGoflos Pj+ Goflos ljt/0f k|0ffnLsf]
Joj:yfsf nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf gLlt cjnDag ul/g]5 M
!= s'g} klg ljb]zL ;+:yfn] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k"j{ cg'dlt k|fKt
u/L tf]lsPsf] zt{df k/Dk/fut :yfgLo vfB / s[lif cfg'jl+ zs
>f]tdf kx'r
F kfpg] . t/ JolQmut ?kdf kx'r
F sf] nflu cg'dlt
lbOg] 5}g .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@%

@= :jb]zdf vfB / s[lif cfg'jl+ zs >f]t Pj+ :yfgLo 1fg


;DalGw cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/;+u
cg'dlt k|fKt ug{' gkg]{ . t/ ;DalGwt lgsfo tyf s[ifssf]
k"j{ ;"lrt ;xdlt (Prior Informed Consent, PIC) k|fKt
ug'{ kg]{5 .
#= k/Dk/fut tyf :yfgLo vfB / s[lif cfg'j+lzs >f]t jf
:yfgLo ;d'bfosf] 1fg k|of]u u/L ul/Psf] Joj;fo jf af}l4s
;Dkltsf] clwsf/af6 k|fKt x'g] nfesf] ;dGoflos afF8kmfF8
x'g] .
$= vfB / s[lif cfg'j+lzs >+f]tsf] clen]v Pj+ :jfldTjsf]
Joj:yf, kx'Fr, nfesf] afF8kmfF8, cflb kIfx?nfO{ Psnf/
k|0ffnL cGtu{t ;+rfng ug]{ .
3= bL3{sflng ?kdf s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f Pj+ ;+j4{g u/L
kof{j/0fLo ;Gt'ng clea[l4 ug{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf gLlt cjnDag
ul/g]5 M
!= ljsf; sfo{sd| x? ;+rfngsfnflu jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"NofFsg
ubf{ s[ l if h} l js ljljwtfnfO{ ljz] i f dxTj lbg] .
@= ;+s|fds, cg'j+z kl/jlQ{t hLljt ?kdf ?kfGtl/t vfB /
s[lifhGo jg:klt Pj+ hLjsf] cWoog-cg';Gwfg ug{ k}7f/L
tyf cGj]if0fsf] cg'dlt lng'kg]{] .
#= h}ljs ljljwtf, jftfj/0f / dfgj :jf:Yodf gsf/fTds
k|efj kfg{ ;Sg] hf]lvd (Risk) ePsf GMO tyf To;sf
pTkfbgnfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ lgoGq0f jf lgif]w ug]{ .
$= s[lif kof{j/0fLo ;]jfx?sf] lbuf] kl/rfngsf]nflu k/fu;]rs
(Pollinators) tyf cGo kof{j/0fLo ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ hLjx?
;DalGw cWoog, cg';Gwfg, cg'udg u/L ;+/If0fsf sfo{sd| x?
;~rfng ug]{ .

^= gLltsf] sfof{Gjog tyf cg'udg M


@^

of] gLltsf] sfof{Gjog tyf cg'udg ug]{ sfd ;ldltaf6 x'g5] . ;ldltsf] sfo{
;~rfng tyf a}7s ;DalGw sfo{ljlw ;ldlt cfkm}n] lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cg';"rL !
s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfsf] sfo{ If]q
s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfsf] sfo{ If]q leq vfB / s[lif;+u ;DalGwt h}ljs
ljljwtfsf ;Dk"0f{ c+zx? / s[lifhGo kfl/l:yltsLo k|0ffnL, -s[lifhGo
ag:klt, hLjhGt', hnr/ / ;"Id hLjf0f'sf j+zf0f'ut, k|hflt /
kfl/l:yltsLo k|0ffnL txsf hft Pj+ leGgtf (Variety and Variability),
s[lif kl/l:yltsLo k|0ffnL (Agri ecosystem) nfO{ wfGg cfjZos k|d'v
sfo{x? (Functions), ;+/rgf / k|ls|ofx? kg]{ ePsf]n] s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfsf
lgDg kIfx? /xg]5g\ M
-s_ s[lifsf cfg'j+lzs >f]tx? M

jg:klt hGo cfg'j+lzs >f]tx? -3fF;]jfnL / r/gsf k|hflt Pj+

v]tL k|0ffnLsf] cleGg c+usf] ?kdf /x]sf ?vsf cfg'jl+ zs >f]tx?


;d]t_

kz' cfg'j+lzs >f]tx?


dT:o cfg'j+lzs >f]tx?
sL6 cfg'j+lzs >f]tx?,
;"Id hLjf0f' cfg'j+lzs >f]tx?,
v]tL ul/g] / 3/kfn'jfdf /x]sf k|hfltx?sf] ;DalGwt h+unL k|hfltx? .
-v_s[lif pTkfbg k|0ffnL;+u cfa4 ePsf lgDg kof{j/0fLo ;]jfx? k|bfg
ug]{ laleGg lsl;dsf hLjx? (Organisms)M

kf]ifs tTj rs| (Nutrient Cycle)


h}ljs j:t'x?sf] s'xfO (Decomposition)
df6f]sf] pj{/f zlQm (Soil health)
sL/f / /f]usf] k|fs[lts lgodg
k/fu ;]rg (Pollination)
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@&

:yfgLo jGo hLjhGt' / ;f] sf] jf;:yfg ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g


(Habitat Conservation Management)

hnrs| ;+/If0f (Water Cycle Conservation)


k|f+uf/ l:yl/s/0f (Carbon Sequestration)
e"Ifo lgoGq0f (Soil Erosion Control)
df};d tyf hnjfo'sf] k|fs[lts lgodg
cGo
-u_ s[ l if h} l js ljljwtfdf lglZrt k| e fj kfg] { ch} l js kIfx?
-3_ ;fdflhs, cfly{s / ;f+:s[lts kIfx? M

s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfsf k/Dk/fut / :yfgLo 1fg, ;f+:s[lts kIfx?,


/ ;xeflutfsf k|ls|ofx?M

s[lif e"agf}6;+Fu ufl;Psf ko{6g


cGo ;fdflhs, cfly{s tTjx?

* CBD; 1992 sf] Conference of the Parties sf] lg0f{o g+= III/11 sf] cfwf/df .

@*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cg';"rL @
s[lif h}ljs ljljwtf, /fli6o ;+/If0f ;ldlt
k|s/0f @ sf] v08 -0f_ ;u ;DalGwt
o; ;ldltsf] u7g tkl;n adf]lhd /xg] 5 .
;lrj, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno
cWoIf
;x;lrj -s[lif_, /fli6o of]hgf cfof]u
;b:o
;x;lrj -jftfj/0f_, jg tyf e";+/If0f dGqfno
;b:o
;x;lrj -jftfj/0f_, jftfj/0f, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno
;b:o
;x;lrj -jftfj/0f_, pBf]u, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno
;b:o
;x;lrj -jftfj/0f_, :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno
;b:o
sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs, g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb
;b:o
dxflgb{]zs, s[lif ljefu
;b:o
dxflgb{]zs, kz' ;]jf ljefu
;b:o
dxflgb{]zs, vfB k|ljlw tyf u'0f lgoGq0f ljefu
;b:o
dxflgb{]zs, jg cg';Gwfg tyf ;e{]If0f ljefu
;b:o
k|ltlglw, -k|fWofks_, s[lif tyf kz' lj1fg cWoog ;+:yfg
;b:o
k|ltlglw, -k|fWofks_, s]lGb|o jg:klt ljefu,
lqe"jg ljZjljBfno
;b:o
k|ltlglw lghL If]q -u}x| ;/sf/L ;+:yf_
;b:o
k|ltlglw lghL If]q -pBdLJofkf/L_
;b:o
k|ltlglw -s[ifs_
;b:o
;x;lrj, n}ls ;dtf tyf jftfj/0f dxfzfvf,
s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno
;b:o ;lrj
?kfGt/0f M s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @% adf]lhd >L
% sf] ;/sf/ eGg] zAbxsf] ;f g]kfn ;/sf/ eGg] zAbx /fvL
kfGt/0f ul/Psf] .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@(

/fli6o lrof gLlt, @)%&

-g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ldlt @)%&.&.@$_


lrofsf] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg Pj+ Jofkfl/s sf/f]af/df lghL If]qsf]
;xeflutfsf] clej[l4 u/L b]zdf pknAw ;Defjgfsf] lbuf] / Jojl:yt
pkof]uf/f cfo cfh{g tyf /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/df j[l4 Pj+ a}b]lzs d'b|f
cfh{g ug]{ e/kbf]{ >f]tsf] ?kdf lrofsf] ljsf; ug{ /fli6o lrof tyf
skmL ljsf; af]8{ P]g @)$( df cGtlg{lxt efjgf cg'?k g]kfn ;/sf/n]
/fli6o lrof gLlt, @)%& :jLs[t u/L nfu" u/]sf] 5 .
!= kl/efiffM
ljifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; gLltdf,
!=)! ;fgf ls;fg eGgfn] kxf8df a9Ldf #%) /f]kgL / t/fO{df
@% laufxf;Dd lghL hldgdf lrof v]tL ug]{ s[ifsnfO{
hgfpFb5 .
!=)@ lrof s[ifs eGgfn] xbaGbL 5'6sf] ;'ljwf lnO{ pBf]u btf{
u/fO{ lrof v]tL ug]{ nfO{ hgfpFb5 .
!)# ;xsf/L lrof v]tL eGgfn] ;xsf/L P]g cGtu{t btf{ e}
;d" x ut ?kdf lrof v] t L u/] s f] nfO{ hgfpF b 5 .
!=)$ lrof pBf]u eGgfn] pBf]u btf{ u/L xbaGbL 5'6sf] ;'ljwfdf
lrof v]tL u/]sf] / cfg} k|zf]wg sf/vfgf ePsf] nfO{
hgfpFb5 .
!=)% lrof k|zf]wg sf/vfgf eGgfn] lrofsf] xl/of] kftnfO{
k| z f] w g ug] { pBf] u jf sf/vfgfnfO{ hgfpF b 5 .
!=)^ lrof lgof{ts eGgfn] g]kfndf pTkflbt lrof ef/t nufot
cGo d'n'sx?df lgsf;L ug]{nfO{ hgfpFb5 .
!=)& cfoft stf{ eGgfn] ef/t nufot cGo d''n'saf6 lrof
k}7f/L u/L ljqmL ljt/0f ug]{nfO{ hgfpFb5 .
!=)* Kofls eGgfn] ljleGg u|]8sf] tof/L lrof pkef]Qmfx?sf]
rfxgf cg';f/ An]lG8 u/L u|fxs au{sf] cfjZostf cg';f/
Kofls u/]/ cfgf] 68] dfs{ 5fk nufO{ ljqmL ug]{ Joj;fonfO{
hgfpFb5 .
#)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!=)( lrof Kofls pBf]u eGgfn] lrof Kofls ul/ ljqmL ljt/0f
ug]{ pBf]unfO{ hgfpFb5 .
!=!) lrof Joj;fo eGgfn] lrofsf] v]tL, k|zf]wg, cfoft, lgof{t,
lrof Kofls / ahf/ Joj:yf ug]{ sfo{nfO{ hgfpFb5 .
!=!! u|;
] lkl/o8 eGgfn] lrof v]tLsf] nflu C0f k|jfx ul/Psf]
ldlt b]lv ;fFjf /sdsf] klxnf] ls:tf e'QmfgL ug]{ cjlwnfO{
hgfpFb5 .
!=!@ af]8{ eGgfn] /fli6o lrof tyf skmL ljsf; af]8{nfO{
hgfpFb5 .
!=!# ;]; eGgfn] /fli6o lrof k|zf]wg ubf{ / cfoft ubf{ nfUg]
;]jf z'NsnfO{ hgfpFb5 .
!=!$ a}+s eGgfn] lrof Joj;fodf nufgL ug]{ s[lif ljsf; j}+s
nufotsf a} + s x? / ljlQo ;+ : yfx?nfO{ hgfpF b 5 .
@= p2]ZoM
@=! lrof v]tLdf lghL If]qsf] ;xeflutfdf j[l4 u/L lrofsf]
pTkfbgdf u'0ffTds Pj+ kl/df0ffTds j[l4 xfl;n ug]{
@=@ lrof Joj;foL / s[ifsx?nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug]{ .
@=# cfo cfh{g / /f]huf/Lsf cj;/x? a9fO{ ul/aL lgjf/0fdf
;xof]u k'ofpg] .
@=$ lrofsf] ahf/ k|a4{g ug]{ .
@=% lrof Joj;fonfO{ lbuf] / cfsif{s agfpg] .
@=^ lrof v]tL lj:tf/ u/L jftfj/0f ;+/If0fdf ;d]t ;xof]u
k'ofpg] .
@=& lrof ljsf;sf] nflu ;+:yfut ljsf;sf] k|a4{g ub}{ hfg] .
@=* cfGtl/s dfusf] cfk"lt{ u/L lrof lgof{tf/f ljb]zL d'b|f
cfh{gsf cj;/x? a9fpFb} hfg] .
@=( lrof Joj;fosf] nflu cfjZos cWoog, cg';Gwfg, k|ljlwsf]
ljsf; / hgzlQm ljsf;df hf]8 lbg] .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#!

#= nIox?
#=!

lrof v]tLn] 9f]ss


] f] If]qkmn cfufdL % aif{df $),*&% x]S6/
k'ofpg] .
#=@ s'n lrofsf] pTkfbg cfufdL !) aif{df $,^!,!!,))) s]=hL=
k'ofpg] .
#=# ;'?sf] % aif{sf] cjlwdf yk &(,#!) hgf g]kfnLnfO{ /f]huf/Lsf
cj;/x? pknAw u/fpg] .
#=$ cyf]{8S; lrofsf] pTkfbg s'n pTkfbgsf] ^% k|ltzt;Dd
k'ofpg] .
$= gLlt tyf sfo{ gLltx?M
$=! pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wgM
$=!=! lrof v]tL tyf k|zf]wg sfo{sf] nflu a}+sx?n]
k|fyldstf k|fKt shf{ ;/xsf] Go"gtd Jofh b/df
C0f k|jfx ug]{ 5g\ .
$=!=@ lrof v]tLsf nflu pBf]u btf{ eP kl5 s'n kl/of]hgf
nfutsf] *) k|ltzt;Dd a}+sn] C0f k|jfx ug]{ 5g\ .
$=!=# lrof v]tLsf] nflu k|jfx ul/Psf] C0f kxf8df cyf]8{ S;
tyf xl/of] lrofnfO{ & aif{ / t/fO{df l;=6L=l;=
lrofnfO{ % aif{ ;Dd u| ] ; kl/o8 lbO{ g ] 5 .
$=!=$ C0fsf] JofhnfO{ u|]; lkl/o8df k"Flhs/0f ul/g] 5}g .!
$=!=% u|]; lkl/o8sf] cjlwe/ cfos/ nfUg] 5}g .
$=!=^ lrof v]tLdf nufgL ePsf] ;Dk"0f{ C0f u|;
] lkl/o8
;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] !) aif{df ;fFjf tyf Jofh
;d]t lt/L ;Sg' kg]{5 .@
$=!=& lrof v]tLsf] nflu hUuf vl/b ubf{ nfUg] /lhi6;
] g
b:t'/df &% k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .
$=!=* lrof v]tL ul/Psf] hUufdf dfnkf]t 5'6sf nflu
af]8{n] l;kml/; ug]{5 .
!=
@=
#@

cf=a= @)%^ . %& b]lv u|]; lk/Lo8df JofhnfO{ k"FhLs/0f ug]{ Joj:yf s[lif ljsf;
a}+sn] x6fPsf] 5 .
xfn * aif{ leq ;fFjf tyf Jofh lt/L ;Sg'kg{] Joj:yf /x]sf] lyof] .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

$=!=(

$=!=!)

$=!=!!

$=!=!@
$=!=!#

$=!=!$

$=!=!%

ag tyf e";+/If0f dGqfno, e"ld ;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf


dGqfno, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno / /fli6o lrof
tyf skmL ljsf; af]8{sf] ;+o'Qm 6f]nL agfO{ ;f]
6f]nLn] Jofj;flos ?kn] lrof v]tL x'g] lhNnfx?df
lrof v]tL of]Uo ;/sf/L hUuf osLg u/L af]8{
dfkm{t g]kfnsf] ;/sf/df ;'emfj k]z ug]{ / ;f]sf]
cfwf/df To:tf hUufx? lrof v]tLsf] nflu a9Ldf
%) aif{;Ddsf] nflu lnhdf pknAw x'g ;Sg]5 .
lnh jfkt k|fKt /sd b]xfo afdf]lhd sf]ifdf hDdf
x'g]5 .
-s_ %) k|ltzt g]kfnsf] ;/sf/sf] /fhZjdf .
-v_ %) k|ltzt lrof ljsf; sf]ifdf .
lrof v]tLdf l+;+rfO{ ug{sf] nflu cGo jfnLnfO{
lbP ;/xsf] k"lF hut cg'bfg lbg] / l;+rfO{sf] nflu
cfoft ul/g] kfO{k, pks/0fx? cfoft ubf{ s[lif
pks/0fx? ;/xsf] dfq eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 .
lrof k|zf]wg pBf]unfO{ cfjZos kg]{ d]lzg/Lx?
cfoft ubf{ s[lif pks/0fx? ;/x dfq eG;f/
dx;'n nfUg]5 .
Jofj;flos ?kdf lrof v]tL ePsf If]qx?df ;8s,
l;+rfO{, lah'nL, ;+rf/, lzIff tyf :jf:Yo h:tf
k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ug{ g]kfnsf] ;/sf/n] k|fyldstf
lbg]5 .
lrof pBf]u ;+rfng ubf{ rflxg] O{Gwgsf] cfk"lt{
:yfgLo cfk"lt{df c;/ gkg]{ u/L cfjlws kl/df0f
tf]sL pBdLx?nfO{ ;f]em} ;DalGwt jg cfk"lt{
;ldltaf6 pknAw x'g] Joj:yf ug]{ tyf lrof v]tL
leq nufOPsf ?v cfkm}n] k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 .
lrof Joj;fosf] nflu rflxg] /f;folgs dn,
sL6gfzs, emf/gfzs / /f]ugfzs cf}ifwL tyf s[lif
;fdfu||L cflb cGo d'n'saf6 cfoft ug{ lbO{g] 5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

##

$=@

#$

$=!=!^ lrof Joj;foLx?af6 k|fKt x'g] ;];, g]kfn ;/sf/af6


ljsf;sf nflu k|fKt x'g] cg'bfg, lnhaf6 k|ft x'g]
/sd, cGt/f{li6o u}/ ;/sf/L bft[ ;+:yfx?af6 k|fKt
x'g] ;xof]u tyf j}b]lzs ;xof]u cg'bfg cflb
/sdaf6 lrof ljsf; sf]if (Tea Development
Fund) :yfkgf ul/g] 5 / ;f] sf]if lghLIf]qsf]
;xeflutfdf lrofsf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/df pkof]u
ul/g]5 .
$=!=!& rSnfaGbLnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug{ b]xfosf sfo{x?nfO{
k|fyldstf lbO{g] 5 .
$=!=!&=! lrof v]tLsf] nflu hUuf vl/b ug{ ;/n Jofh
b/df C0fsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
$=!=!&=@ lrof v]tLf/f rSnfaGbL lj:tf/ ug]{ sfo{nfO{
sfg"gL ?kdf k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
$=!=!* ;DefJotf cWoogsf] cfwf/df sDtLdf #))) /f]kgL
If]qkmndf lrof v]tLsf] 7fpFnfO{ lrof If]q 3f]if0ff
u/L tL 7fpFdf ljB't, ;+rf/ ;]jf / s[lif ;8s
h:tf k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ug{' k|fyldstf lbO{g] 5 .
$=!=!( lrof ahf/sf] ;DefJotf cWoog u/L To;af6 k|fKt
x'g] ;"rgfx? lrof Joj;foLx?nfO{ pknAw u/fO{g]
5.
ahf/ tyf Jofkf/ k|a4{gM
$=@=! lrofnfO{ cGt/f{li6o ahf/ k|0ffnLdf k|jz
] u/fpg
lghL If]qsf] ;xefuLtfdf lnnfd (Auction)
k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 . o;sf nflu cfjZos
k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ul/g]5 .
$=@=@ s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfnosf] s[lif Joj;fo k|a4{g
tyf tYof dxfzfvf, s[lif pBd s]Gb| -g]kfn pBf]u
jfl0fHo dxf;+3_, Jofkf/ k|j4{g s]Gb|, zfxL g]kfnL
/fhb"tfjf; tyf j}bl] zs lgof]ux?;Fu ;dGjo u/L
lrof lgof{t clej[l4 sfo{ kl/rfng ul/g]5 . ko{6g
dGqfno cGtu{taf6 k|sflzt ul/g] cGt/f{li6o
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

$=#

:t/sf] kf]i6/, kDkn]6 tyf a'sn]6x?df lrofsf]


pTkfbg, kl/df0f, u'0f:t/ / pTkfbg If]q cflbsf]
lrgf/L ;dfj]z ul/g] 5 .
$=@=# lrof lgof{tsf nflu cfoft ul/g] Kofls d]6l] /ondf
s[lif ;fdfu|L ;/x Go"gtd eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 .
$=@=$ lrof lgof{t ubf{ Ps k6sdf Ps sG6]g/ a/fa/sf]
kl/df0fdf dfq lgof{t ug'{ k/]df lagf k|tLtkq
-Pn=;L=_ k7fpg ;lsg] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
$=@=% ef/tdf lrof lgof{t ubf{ klg cGo d'n
' s
' df lgof{t
u/] ;/x ;'ljwf lbO{g] 5 .
$=@=^ :jb]zL lrofsf] a|f08x? lasl;t tyf :yflkt ub}{
nfg Kofls pBf]unfO{ ;dof]lrt ;'wf/ ug{
k|f]T;flxt ul/b}+ nlug]5 .
$=@=& v'nf lrof eGbf d"No clea[l4 ePsf] Kofs]6 lrofnfO{
ljqmL ljt/0f tyf lgof{t ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
$=@=* ;fgf / ;xsf/L lrof Joj;foLx?nfO{ Jofkf/
d]nf, Jofkf/ k|bz{gL, sfo{zfnf uf]i7L cflbdf
lrof ljsf; sf]ifaf6 vr{ Joxf]g]{ u/L efu lng
k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
;+:yfut Joj:yfM
o; gLltsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf] nflu af]8{n] b]xfosf
sfo{x? ug]{ 5 .
$=#=! lrof v]tL ;DaGwL cfjZos cWoog cg';Gwfg
u/L k|fljlws k/fdz{ Pj+ ;xof]u k|bfg ug{ /
lrofsf] pGgt lj?jf lab]zaf6 NofO{ ;+VofTds
a[ l 4 u/L ljqmL ljt/0fsf] Joj:yf ug] { .
$=#=@ ;fgf ls;fgnfO{ lrofsf] sl6 9'jfgL ug{ 9'jfgL
cg'bfg lbg] .
$=#=# ;fgf ls;fg tyf ;xsf/L lrof v]tLnfO{ k|fljlws
;]jf ;'ljwf lgz'Ns pknAw u/fpg] .
$=#=$ lrof Joj;fo ;+rfng ug{ /lhi6;
] g b:t'/, hUufsf]

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#%

xbaGbL, dfnkf]t cflbdf 5'6sf] ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{,


d]lzg/L, l;+rfO{ ;fdfu|L, Kofls d]6l] /on, pks/0f
;+/rgf (Steel structure) cfoft ubf{ ;f]df nfUg]
eG;f/ ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg Pj+ k|tLtkq ;'ljwf
/ /fli6o k|tLs lrGx /flvg] sfo{sf nflu :ynut
lg/LIf0f u/L ;DalGwt lgsfodf l;kmfl/; ug]{ .
$=#=% lrof Joj;fosf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ C0f, sL6gfzs
cf}iflw, /f;folgs dn, s[lif ;fdfu|L / O{Gwg cflbsf]
l;kmfl/; ug]{ .
$=#=^ b]zdf ePsf lrof Joj;foLx?sf] Joj;fo btf{
;DaGwL hfgsf/L /fVg] .
$=#=& lrof Joj;fosf] lgoldt lg/LIf0f tyf cg'udg
u/L ;f] cg'?k sfo{ gePdf pk/f]Qm cg';f/
;'ljwfaf6 alGrt ug]{ .
$=#=* lrof Joj;fonfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{ pTs[i6 pTkfbs,
k|zf]wgstf{, lrof Kofls pBf]u tyf lgof{tstf{nfO{
aflif{s ?kdf k'/:sf/ tyf sb/ kq k|bfg ug]{
Joj:yf ug]{ .#
$=#=( lrof Joj;fosf] ;d'lrt ljsf;sf] nflu ;"rgfd"ns
;fdfu|L pknAw u/fpg lrofsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg
ljj/0f, lnnfd kl/df0f, pTkfbs, k|zf]wg, lgsf;Lstf{,
cfoftstf{ / cg';Gwfgstf{ cflbsf] cfBfjlws
clen]v /fVg] / cfjlws?kdf g]kfnsf] ;/sf/
;Da4 kIfnfO{ pknAw u/fpg] .
$=#=!) g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[tL lnO{ lrof ;DaGwL cGt/f{li6o
;+3, ;+:yf;Fu ;DaGw :yflkt ug],{ ;lGw ;Demf}tf
ug]{ tyf cGo ;xsfo{x? ug],{ af]8n
{ fO{ Ps :jfoQ
;+:yfsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{] .
$=#=!! lrof Joj;fosf] lg/Gt/ ljsf;sf] nflu lghL
If]qsf] ;d]t ;xeflutfaf6 af]8{n] lrof pTkfbg,
k|zf]wg, hUuf lnhdf lbg], ljleGg l;kmfl/; tyf
k/fdz{ lbg] / oL sfo{ k|bfg u/] jfkt g]kfn
# pTs[i6 pTkfbs, lgof{t / Kofs]lh pBf]unfO{ sb/kq lbO{ /x]sf] 5 .
#^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

$=#=!@

$=#=!#

$=#=!$
$=#=!%
$=#=!^
$=#=!&
$=$

hgzlQm
$=$=!
$=$=@

$=$=#

;/sf/sf] :jLs[ t L lnO{ af] 8 { n ] z' N s lng] .


lrof ;DaGwL cWoog, cg';Gwfg, ahf/ ljsf;
cflbsf] /fli6o tyf cGt/f{li6o :t/sf ;"rgf
;+sng, ;Dk|i] f0f u/L lrof Joj;foLx?nfO{ pknAw
u/fpg] sfo{ ug]{ .
lrof;Fu ;Da4 ;a} lgsfox?n] lgoldt ?kdf
tYof tyf cGo ;DalGwt ;"rgfx? pknAw u/fpg'
kg]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] / To;sf] Jofj;flos b'?kof]u
x'g glbg Joj:yf ug]{, o;/L k|fKt ;"rgfx?nfO{
gLlt lgdf{0f, cg';Gwfg, ljZn]if0f / ahf/ k|a4{gdf
pkof]u ug]{ .
ljZjljBfnoTrade School ;Fu cfa4 eO{
hgzlQm ljsf; / cWoog cg';Gwfg u/fpg] sfo{
ug]{ .
lgof{t k|a4{g ;ldlt;Fu ;dGjo /fvL sfo{ ug]{ .
lrof ljsf; sf]ifsf] ;+rfngdf sf]ifdf a9L nufgL
ug]{x?sf] afx'Notf sfod ug]{ .
o; gLltdf pNn]lvt Joj:yfx?sf] k|efjsf/L
sfof{Gjog ug{sf nflu ;do ;dodf cfjZos
;'emfjx? g]kfn ;/sf/df k]z ug]{ .
lasf;M
g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb, cGt/f{li6o ;xof]u
tyf lghL If]qsf] ;xeflutfdf lrof cg';Gwfg
tyf tflnd s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 .
;fgf ls;fg, lrof s[ifs / ;xsf/L lrofdf sfo{/t
hgzlQmnfO{ lrof ljsf; sf]ifaf6 :j]bzL tyf
ljb]zL tflndsf] k|aGw ug]{ / cGo Joj;foLx?sf]
xsdf To:tf] vr{ lghx? :jod\n] Joxf]g]{ Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
hgzlQm ljsf;nfO{ k|fT] ;flxt ug{ cGo Joj;foLn]
tflnddf ug]{ nufgLnfO{ cfos/ d'Qm ul/g]5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#&

$=%

$=^

#*

$=$=$ ;]jf lj:tf/ ug]{ k|fljlwsx?nfO{ ;do ;dodf


k|lzIf0fsf] k|aGw ul/g]5 .
;xfos pBf]ux?sf] lasf; tyf k|a4{gM
$=%=! lrofnfO{ d"No clej[l4 u/L :yfgLo :t/df ljqmL
ubf{ jf lgof{t ubf{ d'n'snfO{ a9L kmfO{bf k'Ug]
ePsf]n] o;nfO{ k|fT] ;flxt ug]{ u/L Kofs]lh pBf]usf]
nflu cfoft ul/g] d]lzgx?df Go"gtd b/sf] eG;f/
dx;'n dfq nufO{g] 5 .
$=%=@ g]kfndf pTkflbt lrofnfO{ Kofs]lh u/L lgof{t
ug{ cfjZos Kofs]lh ;fdfu|Lx? k}7f/L ubf{ nfUg]
dx;'n "Duty Draw Back" sf] ;'ljwf cGtu{t
lkmtf{ lbO{g] 5 .
$=%=# lrof lgof{tsf] p2]Zo /fvL vf]lnPsf / ;f] cg';f/
sfo{ u/]sf Kofs]lh pBf]unfO{ % aif{;Dd cfos/
d'Qm ul/g] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
af]8{sf] cfly{s >f]tM
$=^=! af]8s
{ f] /]vb]v / lgoGq0fdf bkmf $=!=!^ adf]lhd
:yflkt lrof ljsf; sf]ifdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf
/sdx? /xg] 5g\ . sf]ifsf] ;+rfng :jLs[lt lgb]l{ zsf
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
$=^=!=! /fli6o lrof tyf skmL ljsf; af]8{ P]g @)$( n]
lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L ;]; -;]jf z'Ns_ jfkt
lrof pTkfbgstf{af6 %) k};f k|lt s]=hL=, lgof{t
stf{af6 !) k};f k|lt s]=lh= / cfoft stf{af6 %)
k} ; f k| l t s] = lh= sf b/n] ;] ; k| f Kt /sd .
$=^=!=@ /fli6o, cGt/f{li6o ;+3 ;+:yf Pj+ cGo >f]taf6 lrofsf]
ljsf; tyf cg' ; Gwfgsf] nflu k| f Kt /sd .
$=^=!=# lnhaf6 k|fKt ePsf] /sd .
$=^=@ af]8n
{ ] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ;fna;fnL k|fKt x'g] ah]6
afx]s b]xfo adf]lhdsf] >f]taf6 /sd k|fKt u/L
af] 8 { ;+ r fngsf] sfo{ d f k| o f] u ug] { 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

$=&

$=^=@=! ljleGg l;kmfl/;, k/fdz{ u/] jfkt nufPsf] z'Nsaf6


k|fKt x'g] /sd .
$=^=@=@ af]8{ dftxtdf lrof lj:tf/ cfof]hgfaf6 cfDbfgL
x'g] /sd .
$=^=@=# cGo >f]taf6 k|fKt x'g] /sd .
sfg"gL ;+/rgfdf ;'wf/M
$=&=! /fli6o lrof tyf skmL ljsf; af]8{ P]g, @)$(
sf] bkmf * sf] pkbkmf ! adf]lhdsf] sfo{sf/L
;ldltdf e"ld;'wf/, ag tyf e";+/If0f, s[lif tyf
;xsf/L, cy{ / pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnosf
;lrjx?, g] k fn /fi6 a} + s sf] ueg{ / / lrof
Joj;foaf6 ;a} If]q ;d]6g\ ] u/L ;+:yfut k|ltlglw
u/fpg / g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k|ltlglw Pj+ lrof
Joj;fox?sf] k|ltlglw ;dfg'kflts ?kdf x'g] u/L
cfjZos sfg"gL ;'wf/ ul/g]5 .
$=&=@ /fli6o lrof ljsf; gLlt sfof{Gjog ug{sf] nflu
af]8{sf] sfo{sf/L ;ldltn] cfk"m dWo]af6 sfo{
;+rfng ;ldlt u7g ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfO{g] 5 .

?kfGt/0f M s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @% adf]lhd >L
% sf] ;/sf/ eGg] zAbxsf] ;f g]kfn ;/sf/ eGg] zAbx /fvL kfGt/0f
ul/Psf] .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#(

/fli6o skmL gLlt, @)^)


-g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ldlt @)^!.#.(_
skmL pTkfbg, k|zf]wg Pj+ Jofkfl/s sf/f]jf/df lghL tyf ;xsf/L
If]q ;d]tsf] ;xeflutf a[l4 u/L b]zdf pknAw ;+efjgfx?sf] lbuf] /
Jojl:yt pkof]u u/L cfo cfh{g, /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ a[l4 Pj+ a}bl] zs d'bf|
cfh{g ug]{ e/kbf]{ >f]tsf] ?kdf skmL ljsf; ug{ u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/n]
/fli6o skmL gLlt, @)^) :jLs[lt u/L nfu" u/]sf] 5 .
!= kl/efiffM
ljifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; gLltdf,

$)

!=!

skmL s[ifs eGgfn] k|rlnt sfg"gn] tf]ss


] f] hUufsf] xbaGbL
leq /x]/ skmL v]tL ug{] s[ifsnfO{ hgfpF5 .

!=@

Jofj;flos skmL s[ifs eGgfn] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd hUuf


xbaGbL 5'6sf] ;'ljwf lnO{ skmL v]tL ug]{ s[ifsnfO{ hgfpF5 .

!=#

;xsf/L skmL v]tL eGgfn] k|rlnt ;xsf/L P]g cGt/ut u7g


eO{ ;d"xut ?kdf cfa4 eP/ skmL v]tL ug]{nfO{ hgfpF5 .

!=$

skmL pBf]u eGgfn] skmL ug]{ jf skmL k|zf]wg ug]{ sf/vfgf


;+rfng ug{sf nflu k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ ul/Psf]
pBf]unfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .

!=%

skmL k|zf]wg sf/vfgf eGgfn] skmL k|zf]wgsf nflu rflxg]


pks/0fx? / d]lzg/Lx? h:t}M kNk/, xn/, /f]i6/ cflb h8fg
ePsf] ;+/rgfnfO{ hgfpF5 .

!=^

skmL lgof{tstf{ eGgfn] g]kfndf pTkflbt skmL cGo d'ns


' df
lgof{t ug]{ JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ hgfpF5 .

!=&

skmL cfoftstf{ eGgfn] ljb]zdf pTkflbt skmL k}7f/L u/L


ljqmL ljt/0f ug] { JolQm jf ;+ : yfnfO{ hgfpF 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!=*

skmL Kofs/ eGgfn] :j]bzdf pTkflbt bfgf skmL (Cherry


coffee) /f]li6, Kofs]lh n]jln u/L jf tof/L skmL Kofls
u/L ljqmL ug]{ JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ hgfpF5 .

!=(

af]8{ eGgfn] /fli6o lrof tyf skmL ljsf; af]8{nfO{ hgfpF5 .

!=!) skmL Joj;fo eGgfn] Joj;flos ?kdf skmL v]tL, k|zf]wg,


cfoft, lgof{t Pj+ ljqmL ljt/0f ug]{ sfdnfO{ hgfpF5 .
!=!! a}+s eGgfn] skmL Joj;fodf nufgL ug]{ s[lif ljsf; a}+s
nufot k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd a}+ls sf/f]jf/ ug{ cg'dlt
k|fKt ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ hgfpF5 .
@= p2]Zo
@=! skmLsf] cfoft k|lt:yfkg u/L lgof{t k|a4{g ug]{ .
@=@ cfo / /f]huf/Lsf cj;/x? >[hgf u/L ul/aL lgjf/0fdf ;xof]u
k'ofpg] .
@=# skmL v]tL lj:tf/ u/L jftfj/0f ;+/If0fdf ;xof]u k'ofpg] .
@=$ skmL Joj;fonfO{ lbuf] / cfsif{s agfpg] .
#= gLlt tyf sfo{ gLltx?
#=! pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg
#=!=!

skmLsf] pTkfbg / k|zf]wgdf cfw'lgs k|ljlwx?sf] ljsf;


tyf h}ljs skmL v]tL k|a4{g ug{ lghL;xsf/L If]qsf]
;d]t ;xeflutfdf cfjZostf cg';f/ skmL cg';Gwfg
s]Gb| tyf pks]Gb|x?sf] :yfkgf ug'{sf] ;fy} eO/x]sf]
skmL ljsf; s]Gb|nfO{ ;'wf/ ul/g]5 .

#=!=@

skmL v]tLsf] nflu k|of]u ePsf] hUufsf] xbaGbLdf


k|rlnt lgodfg';f/ 5'6 lbOg]5 .

#=!=#

Joj;flos skmL v]tL ePsf If]qx?df ;8s, l;+rfO{,


lah'nL, ;+rf/ h:tf cfwf/e"t ef}lts ljsf; ;+/rgfx?sf]
ljsf; ug{ k|fyldstf lbO{g] 5 . o;/L lbO{g] k|fyldstf
pQm If]qdf a;f]jf; ug]{ clwsf+z s[ifsx?sf] d'Vo
Joj;fo skmL v]tL ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

$!

#=!=$ skmL k|zf]wg pBf]usf] nflu cfjZos d]lzg/L cf}hf/


cfoft ubf{ s[lifhGo pBf]ux?n] kfP ;/xsf] ;'ljwf
kfpg] 5 .
#=!=% skmL pTkfbg Pj+ k|zf]wgsf] nflu cfjZos bIf
hgzlQmsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
#=!=^

lgof{t x'g] skmLdf cfsif{s /fli6o k|tLs lrGx (Logo)


/flvg] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .

#=!=&

skmL k|zf]wgsf nflu pko'Qm d]lzg/L cf}hf/ d'n'sd}


pTkfbg ug{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .

#=!=* o; gLlt cGt/ut pknAw ul/Psf ;'ljwf ;x'lnot


nIf adf]lhd pkof]u ug{ g;s]df To:tf ;'ljwf
;'xlnotaf6 alGrt ug{ ;lsG5 .
#=!=( Joj;flos skmL v]tL ug]{, skmL cfoft lgof{t tyf
:yfgLo txdf ljqmL ljt/0f ug]{ / skmL k|zf]wg ug]{
sf/vfgfn] jf]8s
{ f] k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ jf]8d
{ f ;"lrs[t ug'{
kg]{5 .
#=!=!) Joj;foL skmL v]tLsf] nflu lghL / ;/sf/L hUuf
lnhdf lbg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
#=@ ahf/ tyf Jofkf/ k|j4{g
#=@=!

skmL lgof{t k|j4{gsf] nflu ljb]z l:yt lgof]ux?;Fu


;dGjo u/L ljb]zdf k|rf/fTds sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng
ul/g]5 .

#=@=@ lgof{t x'g] bfgf skmLdf Ps k6sdf clwstd #),)))


-tL; xhf/_ cd]l/sL 8n/ d"No;Ddsf] kl/df0f lgof{t
ubf{ lagf Pn=;L= k7fpg ;lsg]5 .
#=@=#

$@

skmLsf] cfGtl/s dfu k"lt{sf] nflu g]kfndf pTkflbt


skmLnfO{ g} k|fyldstf lbO{ cfoft k|lt:yfkg tkm{ Wofg
lbO{g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#=@=$ g]kfndf h}ljs (Organic) skmL pTkfbgsf] dxTj af/]sf


k|rf/ k|;f/df ljz]if Wofg lbO{ k|a4{gfTds sfo{qmdx?
;+rfng ul/g]5 .
#=@=% :jb]zdf pTkflbt skmL lgof{t ubf{ / ljb]zaf6 skmL
cfoft ubf{ jf] 8 { s f] k" j { :jLs[ l t lng' kg] { 5 .
#=# ;+:yfut Joj:yfM
#=#=!

skmL ;DaGwL /fli6o cGt/f{li6o ;]ldgf/, d]nf, k|bz{gLx?df


Joj;flos ?kdf skmL v]tLdf ;+nUg s[ifs, pBf]uklt
tyf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .

#=#=@

jf]8n{ ] lghL If]q nufot :j]bzL Pj+ ljb]zL ;+3;+:yfx?;Fu


;dGjo /fvL skmL cg';Gwfgsf] ;fy} k|ljlw ljsf;df
hf]8 lbg]5 .

#=#=#

skmLsf] u'0f:t/ sfod ug{ pko'Qm k|of]uzfnfsf] ljsf;


ul/g]5 .

#=#=$ jf]8{n] skmLsf] Joj;fo ug{ k|j4{gsf nflu cfjZos


;'ljwfx? pknAw u/fpgsf] nflu ;DalGwt lgsfodf
l;kmfl/z ug]{ 5 .
#=#=% skmL ljsf;sf] nflu cWoog e|d0f, tflnd tyf pRr
lzIffsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
#=#=^

skmLsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg, lgof{t, cfoft, laqmL, k|zf]wg


cflbsf] tYof ;+sng Pj+ ljZn]if0f u/L s]Gb|Lo:t/df
;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .

#=#=&

skmL Joj;foLx?nfO{ ;+:yfut ?kdf ahf/Ls/0f, skmL


ljsf; of]hgf, gLlt lgdf{0f Pj+ skmLsf] ahf/ Joj:yfkgdf
;xefuL u/fO{g]5 .

#=#=* af]8{n] skmL Joj;foLx?sf] ;'kl/j]If0f, cg'udg /


d"Nofg u/L pTs[i6 Joj;foLnfO{ k'/:s[t ug]{5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

$#

#=#=( skmL ahf/ k|lt:kwL{ geP;Dd skmL d"No lgwf{/0f


;ldltdf skmL s[ifs;xsf/L / Joj;foLsf] tkm{af6
;+:yfut k|ltlglwTj x'g]5 .
#=#=!) :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL JolQm ;xsf/L jf ;+:yfsf] ;+o'Qm
nufgLdf Joj;flos skmL v]tL Pj+ k|zf]wg sf/vfgf
:yfkgf ug{ ;lsg]5 .
$= skmL ljsf; sf]if
$=! /fli6o skmL ljsf; sf]if :yfkgf ul/g]5 .
$=@ pQm sf]ifdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] /sd hDdf x'g]5 .
$=@=! /fli6o, cGt/f{li6o ;+3;+:yf Pj+ cGo >f]taf6 skmLsf]
ljsf; tyf cg' ; Gwfgsf] nflu k| f Kt /sd .
$=@=@ lnhaf6 k|fKt /sd .
$=@=# g]kfn ;/sf/af6 skmL ljsf;sf] nflu k|fKt /sd .
$=@=$ af]8{n] k/fdz{ lbP jfkt x'g] ;]jf z'Ns .
$=# pQm sf]if af]8{af6 :jLs[t lgb]{lzsf adf]lhd ;+rfng x'g]5 .

?kfGt/0f M s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @% adf]lhd >L
% sf] ;/sf/ eGg] zAbxsf] ;f g]kfn ;/sf/ eGg] zAbx /fvL
kfGt/0f ul/Psf] .

$$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

b'Uw ljsf; gLlt, @)^$


g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ldlt @)^$.^.!#
!= k[i7e"ldM
g]kfndf ufO{ tyf e+;
} Lkfng Joj;fo k/Dk/fut kdf ;+~rfng
xFb' } cfPsf] 5 . b]zsf] ef}uf]lns kl/j]z, kz'kfngdf cfwfl/t s[lifk|0ffnL,
kz'kfng Joj;fodf s[ifsxsf] k/Dk/fut ;+nUgtf Pj+ cg'ej, ufO{,
e}+;Lsf] jt{dfg pTkfbsTj a9fpg ;lsg] pRr ;+efJotf, b'Uw k|zf]wg
pBf]uxsf] ljsf; cflb sf/0fn] b'Uw If]qsf] lbuf] ljsf; dfkm{t ul/aL
lgjf/0fdf ;3fp k' ofpg ;lsg] k| r ' / ;+ e fjgf /x] s f] 5 .
k/Dk/fut lgjf{xd'vL kz'kfng k]zfnfO{ dof{lbt, cfod"ns,
k|lt:kwL{ / Joj;fod"ns k4ltdf kfGt/0f ug{ :jR5 Pj+ u'0f:t/Lo b"w
pTkfbgsf] dxTj af/] s[ifsxdf r]tgfsf] ;fy} cfjZos kz' ;]jfsf] sdL,
b"w pTkfbgdf df};dL sf/0fn] b"w labf nufotsf ;d:of, ef}uf]lns
ljs6tfsf sf/0f ahf/;Dd b"w 9'jfgLsf] ;d:of, b"w pTkfbg tyf ;+sngdf
;+nUg b"w pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yfxsf] sdhf]/ cfly{s Pj+ Joj:yfksLo
Ifdtf, cfw'lgs b'Uw kbfy{ pTkfbg ug{ ef}lts k"jf{wf/, k|ljlw Pj+ bIf
hgzlQmsf] sdL, pkef]Qmfxdf u'0f:t/Lo b"w Pj+ b'Uw kbfy{xsf] pkef]u
af/] hgr]tgfsf] sdL cflb ;d:ofx b'Uw If]qsf] ;d'lrt ljsf;df
cj/f]wsf] kdf /x]sf 5g\ .
cfo tyf /f]huf/Ld"ns b'Uw Joj;fosf]! ljsf; u/L ul/aL
lgjf/0f ug]{ sfo{df ;xof]u k'ofpg pGgt hftsf kz'kfngdf nufgL u/L
pTkfbg / k|zf]wg :jb]zd}+ u/L ljb]zaf6 cfofltt b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{x
k|lt:yfkg ub}{ b'Uw ljsf;nfO{ ;kmn Pj+ pknAwLd"ns agfpg o;sf]
:ki6 nIo ls6fgsf;fy sfo{x cl3 a9fpg b'Uw ljsf; gLlt, @)^$
th{'df u/L nfu" ug{ cfjZos b]lvPsf] 5 .
ctM b'Uw If]qsf] ;du| ljsf;sf] nflu aL; aif{] bL3{sflng s[lif
of]hgf, /fli6o s[lif gLlt, @)^!, /fli6o b"w ahf/ Joj:yf Pj+ /0fgLlt,
! b|i6Jo M b'Uw Joj;fo eGgfn] b"w pTkfbg, ;+sng, k|zf]wg tyf b'Uw kbfy{ pTkfbg Pj+
ljt/0f;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ sfo{nfO{ hgfpFb5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

$%

@))!, s[lif Aoj;fo k|j4{g gLlt, @)^# sf] efjgf cg'k g]kfn ;/sf/n]
b'Uw ljsf; gLlt, @)^$ :jLs[t u/]sf] 5 .
@= b[li6sf]0fM
;/sf/L, ;xsf/L tyf lghL If]qsf] ;xeflutfdf b'Uw pTkfbg If]qnfO{
Jofj;flos u'0f:t/Lo Pj+ k|lt:kwf{Tds Jofj;fosf] kdf ljsf; u/L
/f]huf/L clej[l4 Pj+ ul/aL lgjf/0fdf of]ubfg k'ofpg'sf ;fy} pRr
u'0f:t/sf b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{ pkef]QmfxnfO{ ;j{;'ne kdf pknAw
u/fpg] k|of; Pj+ sfo{s|dnfO{ Ps csf{sf] kl/k"/ssf] kdf lj:tf/ u/L
/fli6o cfly{s ljsf;df u'0ffTds of]ubfg ug]{ o; gLltsf] bL3{sfnLg
b[li6sf]0f /x]sf] 5 .
#= p2]ZoM
o; gLltsf p2]Zox b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf 5g\ M
-s_ u| f dL0f If] q df b" w sf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj a9fpg] ,
-v_ b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{sf] pTkfbgnfO{ Jofj;flos / k|lt:kwL{ agfp+bF }
b"w ;+sng 9'jfgL Joj:yf Pj+ k|zf]wg pBf]uxsf] lj:tf/ ug],{
-u_

cfGtl/s ahf/sf] ;+efJotfsf] cfwf/df b'Uw kbfy{xsf] ljljwLs/0f


u/L cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug]{ / b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{nfO{ lgsf;Lof]Uo
j:t'sf] kdf ljsf; ug{], /

-3_

b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{sf] u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ Pj+ lgodg u/L ;j{;'ne
kdf pkef]QmfnfO{ pknAw u/fpg] .

$= gLltM
k|:t't p2]Zo k|flKtsf nflu lgDg gLltx cjnDag ul/g]5g\ .
$=!= u|fdL0f If]qdf b"wsf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj a9fpgsf nflu
cjnDag ul/g] dfu{bz{s gLltxM
-s_ u|fdL0f If]qdf pTkflbt b"wnfO{ zx/L If]qdf k'ofO{ b'Uw
Joj;fonfO{ u|fdL0f If]qdf ul/aL lgjf/0f ug]{ k|dv
' cfwf/sf]
kdf ljsl;t ub}{ n}hfg] .
-v_ pGgt gZnsf kz'xsf] pTkfbgdf a[l4 ug{ pko'Qm ks]6xdf
$^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

gZn ;'wf/, pGgt tyf pTkfbs :yfgLo gZnsf kz'xsf]


;+/If0f, ;+j4{g / k|j4{gsf nflu ;xsf/L, ;d"xut tyf lghL
Joj;foLnfO{ kl/rfng u/L >f]t s]Gb|x ljsf; ul/g]5 .
-u_ kz' :jf:Yo ;+/If0f Pj+ /f]u lgoGq0f ;]jfnfO{ lj:tf/ Pj+
k|efjsf/L agfOg]5 .
-3_ kz'kfngsf] nflu aif}{el/ r/g tyf cfxf/fsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
-_ kz'wgsf] jLdf ;]jf pknAw tyf la:tf/ ug{ ;xsf/L
;+:yf;d"xnfO{ kl/rfng ug]{ / o:tf ;+:yf;d"x dfkm{t
s[ifsn] u/fPsf] aLdfsf] lk|ldoddf g]kfn ;/sf/n] 5'6 lbg
;Sg]5 .
-r_ b'wfn' kz'x vl/b ug{ s[ifsxnfO{ ;/n kdf ;x'lnot
C0f pknAw u/fpg a} + s xnfO{ pTk| ] l /t ul/g] 5 .
-5_ ;'Vvf ofddf klg b"wsf] pTkfbg a9fpg pko'Qm kz' cfxf/f,
k| h gg tyf 3f+ F ; ] a fnL k| l jlwsf] ljsf; ul/g] 5 .
-Hf_ kz'kfng dfkm{t\ cfo cfh{gsf nflu ljz]iftM dlxnf Pj+
blnt tyf lk5l8Psf ju{nfO{ ljgflwtf] ;x'lnot Jofhb/df
;d"xut kdf C0f / k|fljlws ;]jf pknAw u/fpg k|fT] ;fxg
ul/g]5 .
-em_ b"w pTkfbgsf b[li6n] a9L ;DefJotf ePsf lhNnfxnfO{
k|fyldstf lbO{ To:tf lhNnfsf ls;fgnfO{ a9L b"w pTkfbg
ug{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
-`_ u|fdL0f If]qsf pTkflbt b"wsf] ;+sng If]q cem k|efjsf/L
?kn] lj:tf/ ug{ df]6/af6f] k'u]sf] 7fpFxdf b"w lr:ofg
s]Gb|xsf] ;d]t lj:tf/ ul/g]5 .
$=@ b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{sf] pTkfbgnfO{ Aofj;flos / k|lt:kwL{ agfpFb+ }
b"w ;+sng, 9'jfgL Joj:yf Pj+ k|zf]wg pBf]uxsf] lj:tf/ ug{
cjnDag ul/g] dfu{bz{s gLltx
-s_ ;xsf/L If]qdf :yfkgf ePsf b"w lr:ofg s]Gb| tyf b'Uw pBf]uxnfO{
pkof]u x'g] ljB't dx;'ndf ;x'lnotsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

$&

-v_ ;/sf/L, ;xsf/L tyf lghL If]qaf6 b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{
pTkfbg, ;+sng, k|zf]wg / ljqmL ljt/0f ug]{ sfo{df pkof]u
x'g] /fli6o b'Uw ljsf; af]8n
{ ] tf]ss
] f d]lzg tyf pks/0fxsf]
k}7f/Ldf eG;f/ ;x'lnotsf] Joj:yf ug]{5 .
-u_ b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{ 9'jfgL Pj+ ljt/0fdf k|of]u x'g] ;jf/L
;fwgxsf] cfjfudgnfO{ cTofjZos ;]jf ;/x k|fyldstf
lbOg]5 .
-3_ b'Uw pBf]uxnfO{ cfGtl/safXo ;+oQ
' m nufgLdf w"nf] b"w
pTkfbg nufotsf d"No clea[l x'g] cGo b'Uw pBf]u] :yfkgf
Pj+ ;+rfng u/L o:tf j:t'sf] cfoft k|lt:yfkg tyf lgof{t
k|fT] ;flxt ug{s
' f cltl/Qm a]aL km'8 cflb agfpg] pBf]uxnfO{
k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
-_ b"w pBf]uxnfO{ u'0f:t/o'Qm cfw'lgs Pj+ k/Dk/fut b'Uw
kbfy{ pTkfbgsf] ljljwLs/0f ug{ Ifdtf ljsf;sf nflu
;x' l notk" 0 f{ C0f tyf k| f ljlws ;xof] u k' ofOg] 5 .
-r_ lxdfnL If]qdf a;f]af; ug]{ s[ifsxsf] d'Vo k]zf rf}/+ Lkfng
ePsf] x'Fbf pgLxsf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/sf] nflu g]kfnsf]
ljz]if klxrfg /x]sf] ofs lrhnfO{ ljlzi6 pTkfbgsf] kdf
ljsf; ug{ ;x'lnotk"0f{ C0f Pj+ k|fljlws ;xof]u k'ofpg'sf]
;fy} ufO{sf] b"waf6 lrh pTkfbg ug{ ;xsf/L lghL If]qnfO{
Ifdtf ljsf;sf] nflu ;xof]u k'ofOg]5 .
-5_ b'Uw pBf]uxsf] nflu cfjZos k|fljlws hgzlQmsf] ljsf;
ug{ b'Uw cWoogtflnd ;+:yf (Dairy Institute / Training
Center) sf] :yfkgf u/L o; ;DaGwL cWoog tyf tflndsf]
Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
-h_ b'Uw If]qdf ;+nUg k|fljlws tyf Joj:yfkg tkm{sf sd{rf/Lsf]
bIftf clej[l4 ul/g]5 .
-em_

b"w pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf b'Uw kbfy{ ljljwLs/0fsf nflu


pko' Q m k| l jlwsf] cg' ; Gwfg tyf ljsf; ul/g] 5 .

-`_ ;xsf/L tyf lghL If]qjf6 b'Uw k|ljlwsf] cg';Gwfg tyf


$*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

ljsf;df ul/g] vr{df s/ k|of]hgsf] nflu vr{ n]Vg kfpg]


;'ljwfsf] ;fy} cGo pko'Qm k|f]T;fxg ;DaGwL Joj:yfx
ul/g]5 .
-6_ afv|fsf] b"w pTkfbg u/L ;f]af6 lrh tyf cGo b'Uw pTkfbg
ug{ cfjZos sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
$=# cfGtl/s tyf afXo ahf/sf] ;+efJotfsf] cfwf/df b'Uw kbfy{sf]
ljljwLs/0f u/L cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ / b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{nfO{
lgsf;Lof]Uo j:t'sf] kdf ljsf; ug{ cjnDag ul/g] dfu{bz{s
gLltxM
-s_ b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{sf] d"No lgwf{/0fdf v'nf ahf/ gLlt
cjnDjg ul/g]5 .
-v_ b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{xsf] ahf/sf] lgoldt cg'udg Pj+
cWoog u/L d"No, dfu / cfk"lt{sf] ;"rgf ;+sng, ljZn]if0f
Pj+ k|jfx ul/g]5 .
-u_ k"0f{tM :yfgLo b"wsf] pkof]u u/L b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{x
pTkfbg ug{ tf]lsPsf If]qsf b'Uw pBf]uxnfO{ lglZrt
cjlwsf] nflu cfos/ 5' 6 sf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
-3_ b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{sf] Kofs]lhsf] nflu :jb]zdf pTkfbg
gx'g] lk|G6]8 Kofs]lh ;fdfgx k}7f/L ubf{ To:tf] k}7f/Ldf
eG;f/ ;x'lnotsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-_ b"wsf] u'0f:t/ ;'wf/sf] nflu u'0f:t/Lo b'Uw kbfy{ pTkfbgsf]
dxTj, cfjZostf / k|ljlwjf/] s[ifs Pj+ pBdLxdf
hgr]tgf clea[l ul/g]5 .
-r_ b"wsf] lgof{tnfO{ ;xh t'Nofpg lkIfLo / If]qLo txdf
ahf/ kx'+Frsf] nflu eG;f/ / u}/ eG;f/ cj/f]w x6fpg
k|of; ul/g]5 .
$=$ b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{sf] u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ Pj+ lgodg u/L pkef]QmfxnfO{
;j{;n
' e kdf pknAw u/fpg cjnDag ul/g] dfu{bz{s gLltxM
-s_ b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{x a9L pkef]u ug]{ afgL a;fNg (Food
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

$(

habit promotion) pkef]Qmfxdf hgr]tgfd"ns k|rf/

k|;f/ ul/g]5 .

-v_ pkef]Qmfxsf] lxtnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL ahf/df las|L lat/0fsf]


nflu cfk"lt{ ePsf b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{xsf] lgoldt u'0f:t/
cg'udg ug{] . oL j:t'xsf] e08f/0f tyf e08f/0f ug]{
ljlw, pkef]u ug]{ cjlw, pkef]u ug]{ ljlw cflb af/]
pkef]QmfxnfO{ hgr]tgf lbOg]5 .
-u_ b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{xsf] u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f k'g/fjnf]sg u/L
cBfjlws ul/g]5 .
-3_ b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{sf] pko'Qm Kofls dfkb08 tof/ u/L
nfu" ul/g]5 .
-_ b"w lr:ofg s]Gb| / b'Uw k|zf]wg sf/vfgfxdf b"w ;+sng Pj+
k|zf]wg cfrf/ ;+lxtf (Code of Practice) nfu" ul/g]5 .
-r_ b"w tyf b'Uw kbfy{sf] u'0f:t/ ;'lglZrttfsf] nflu ljleGg
txdf k|of]uzfnfxsf] Joj:yf / ;'b[9Ls/0f ul/g]5 .
%= ;+:yfut Joj:yf
-s_ /fli6o b'Uw ljsf; af]8{nfO{ b'Uw If]qsf] ljsf;sf] nflu gLlt
lgdf{0f / tT;DjGwL ljsf; of]hgf th{d
' f, cg'udg tyf lgodg
ug{ s[ifs Pj+ pBdLxsf] ;+:yfut k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L Ps
;an ;+:yfsf] kdf ljsf; ul/g]5 .
-v_ b'Uw ljsf;sf] If]qdf of]hgf th{'df, nufgL, cg'udg, lgodg,
cWoog / ljsf;sf nflu /fli6o b'Uw ljsf; af]8{sf] Ifdtf
clej[l4 ul/g]5 .

%)

-u_

;/sf/L, ;xsf/L / lghL b'Uw pBf]uxnfO{ /fli6o b'Uw ljsf;


af]8d{ f ;"rLs[t ug{s
' f ;fy} pBf]un] ljqmL u/]sf] k|lt ln6/ b"wdf
;]jf z'Ns lnO{ b'Uw sf]if :yfkgf ug]{ . pQm sf]ifsf] /sd b'Uw
If] q sf] ;du| ljsf; Pj+ lj:tf/df vr{ ul/g] 5 .

-3_

/fli6o b'Uw ;"rgfsf] nflu tYof+s Pj+ ;"rgfxsf] Joj:yfkg


k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; u/L b"w pTkfbg, ;+sng, k|zf]wg, d"No, dfu,
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cfk"lt{ tyf u'0f:t/ cflb ;DjGwL /fli6o tyf cGt/f{li6o


cBfjlws tYof+s tyf ;"rgfx ;+sng tyf k|jfx ul/g]5 .
-_

b"w pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+3;+:yfsf] k|fljlws Pj+ Joj:yfksLo


Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{ ;xof]u k'ofOg]5 .

^= sfof{Gjog tyf cg'udg Joj:yf


-s_ o; gLltsf]] sfof{Gjog Pj+ cg'udgsf] Joj:yf /fli6o b'Uw
ljsf; af]8{n] :jo+ jf ;+nUg ;DjlGwt lgsfoxsf] ;xof]udf
ug]{ jf u/fpg]5 .
-v_ o; gLltdf Joj:yf ul/Psf k|fjwfgxsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ /fli6o
b'Uw ljsf; af]8{n] cfjZostf cg';f/ sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ nfu"
ug]{5 .
-u_

o; gLltdf pNn]lvt Joj:yfx sfof{Gjogsf] nflu jt{dfg


sfg'gL k|fjwfgxnfO{ cfjZos kl/dfh{g ug{ /fli6o b'Uw ljsf;
af]8{n] kxn ug]{5 .

b'Uw ljsf; gLlt sfof{Gjog;Fu ;DalGwt ljleGg lgsfox


dGqfno;+3;+:yfaf]8{
s}lkmot
lhDd]jf/ ljifo
ljefu;+:yfg
s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno
gLlt lgdf{0f, cg'udg tyf d"Nof\sg Pj+
;xhLs/0f .
cy{ dGqfno
s/, eG;f/ tyf cGo 5' 6 sf] Joj:yf .
/fli6o b'Uw ljsf; af]8{
cWoog, gLlt lgdf{0f tyf kl/dfh{g, gLlt
sfo{ f Gjogsf] cg' u dg tyf d" N of\ s g .
g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb\ b'Uw kbfy{ ljljwLs/0f, sd nfutdf b"w
pTkfbg k|ljlwsf] cg";Gwfg tyf lj:tf/, ;'Vvf
/ b"w a9L pTkfbg x'g] df};ddf pTkfbg x'g]
b"wsf] leGgtfnfO{ sd ug{ cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg .
kz' ;]jf ljefu
u'0f:t/o'Qm b"w pTkfbgsf] nflu cfjZos
k|fljlws ;]jfsf] ;fy} kz' cfxf/f, kz' lrlsT;f
tflnd Pj+ Joj:yfkg tyf nfut d"No 36fpg]
sfo{qmd .
vfB k|ljlw tyf u'0f lgoGq0f ljefu u"0f:t/ kl/dfh{g, lgwf{/0f, u'0f:t/ cg'udg
Pj+ lgb]{zg .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

%!

;xsf/L ljefu

b'Uw ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/, cg'udg tyf


d'Nof\sg .
pBf]u, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno b'Uw pBf]ux?sf] :yfkgfdf ;xhLs/0f ug]{ /
b'Uw tyf b'Uw kbfy{x?sf] ;fy} d]lzg Pj+
pks/0fx?sf] cfoft lgof{tdf ;xhLs/0f .
s[lif ljsf; a}+s
b"w pTkfbs s[ifsx?sf ;fy} b'Uw pBdLx?nfO{
C0fsf] Joj:yf .
b'Uw ljsf; ;+:yfg
b'Uw Joj;fo lj:tf/ tyf u'0f:t/o'Qm b'Uw
kbfy{ pTkfbg ljljwLs/0f .
s]Gb|Lo b'Uw ;xsf/L ;+3
b'Uw ;xsf/Lx?sf] ljsf; lj:tf/ tyf
;'b[l9s/0f, tflnd, ;xsf/L :j?kdf b'Uw
k|zf]wg sf/vfgfx?sf] :yfkgf tyf ;~rfng .
g]kfn 8]/L Pzf]l;o;g
;d:of klxrfg, b'Uw Joj;fo lj:tf/ tyf
u'0f:t/o'Qm b'Uw kbfy{ pTkfbg ljljwLs/0f,
b'Uw pBf]ux?df Jojxfl/s ;+lxtf nfu" tyf
cg'udg .
/fli6o ;xsf/L ljsf; af]8{ ;xsf/L gLlt ;dofg';f/ kl/dfh{g b'Uw
;xsf/Lx?sf] ;'b[9Ls/0f, b'Uw k|zf]wg
sf/vfgfx?sf] :yfkgf tyf ;~rfng, ;xsf/L
:j?kdf .

?kfGt/0f M s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @% adf]lhd >L
% sf] ;/sf/ eGg] zAbxsf] ;f g]kfn ;/sf/ eGg] zAbx /fvL
kfGt/0f ul/Psf] .
%@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

/fli6o aLp ljhg gLlt, @)%^


-g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ldlt @)%^.!@.@!_

!= k[i7e"ldM
pRr u'0f:t/sf] jLp ljhgsf] k|efjsf/L ljt/0f k|lqmofaf6 s[lif
pTkfbg j[l4sf] nlIft pknlAw xfl;n ug{ 7"nf] 6]jf k'Ub5 . s[ifs ju{nfO{
pko'Qm aLp ljhg ;d;fdlos ?kdf pknAw u/fpgsf nflu xfn;Dd
ljleGg k|fljlws ultljlw ljBdfg /x]sf] eP tfklg tL ultljlwx?af6
jfl~5t ?kdf pknlAwx? xfl;n x'g;s]sf] 5}g .
pRr u'0f:t/sf] aLp ljhg pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf k/LIf0f Joj:Yff
ldnfO{ u'0f:t/o'Qm aLp ljhg ;'Jol:yt ?kn] pknAw u/fO{ ;j{;fwf/0f
hgtfsf] ;'ljwf tyf cfly{s l:ylt ;'b[9 ug{ jf~5gLo eP cg'?k aLp
ljhg P]g, @)$% sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] xf] . o;} P]g cGtu{t aLp ljhg
lgodfjnL, @)%$ klg hg;dIf cfO;s]sf] 5 . oL kIfnfO{ s[lif bL3{sfnLg
of]hgfn] k|ljlw If]qleq kg{] / aLpsf] of]ubfg ljz]if dxTjk"0f{ x'g] eGg]
s'/fnfO{ :jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 . o:tf] :jLsf/f]QmLnfO{ ca ;+:yfut / sfo{qmdut
Joj:yfaf6 Jojxf/df k| e fjsf/L agfpg' cfjZos b] l vPsf] 5 .
pko'{Qm cfjZostfnfO{ ljrf/ u/L bL3{sfnLg of]hgfn] /fv]sf] s[lif
ljsf;sf] nIo cg'?k cfly{s pknlAw xfl;n ug{] p2]Zon] of] aLp ljhg
gLlt k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
@= p2]Zox?
@=! ljleGg afnLsf] cfjZos u'0f:t/Lo tyf kl/df0ffTds aLp ljhg
;'Jojl:yt ?kn] pknAw u/fpg] .
@=@ u'0f:t/Lo aLp pTkfbg u/L lgof{t k|a4{g ug{] .
@=# ljBdfg cGt/f{li6o ljZj Jofkf/nfO{ b[li6ut u/L aLp Joj;fonfO{
k|efjsf/L agfpg] .
@=$ g]kfnsf] cfk\mg} ljz]iftfk"0f{ aLpx?sf] cg'af+lzs (Genetic)
rl/qnfO{ cIf'0f / ;'/lIft /fVg] tyf ;f] pk/sf] clwsf/ ;'/If0f
ug{ ] sfddf cGo ;DalGwt lgsfol;t ;dGjo ug{ ] .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

%#

#= gLlt
#=! hftLo, ljsf; tyf ;Da4{gM
#=!=! hftLo ljsf; tyf ;Da4{gsf] sfo{ ;/sf/L:t/af6 ub{}
cfPsf]df eljiodf of] sfo{ u}/;/sf/L tyf lghL If]qaf6
;d]t u/fOg]5 .
#=!=@ hftLo ljsf;df ;+nUg x'g rfxg] lgsfon] cfk\mgf] k"jf{wf/sf]
cj:yf / cf}lrTosf] k"j{ hfgsf/L u/fPkl5 dfq hftLo
ljsf;df ;+ n Ug x' g kfpg] Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
#=!=# s[lif cg';Gwfgaf6 ljsl;t gofF hftx? s[ifs:t/df
ljt/0f x'gc
' l3 hft cg'df]bg, pGdf]rg tyf kl~hs/0fsf]
sfo{ /fli6o aLp ljhg ;ldlt -o;kl5 o; gLltdf
;ldlt elgPsf]_af6 ul/g]5 .
#=!=$ k|fljlws b[li6sf]0fn] s'g} hft cg'ko'Qm 7x/ ePdf o;sf]
gfd kl~hs/0faf6 x6fpg] / ;f]sf] hfgsf/L s[ifsnfO{
lbg] Joj:yf pko{ ' Q m ;ldltn] ldnfpg] 5 .
#=!=% hftLo ljsf;sf] l;nl;nfdf :yfgLo hftsf] 7"nf] dxTj
x'G5 . o;sf/0f s[lif h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f (Agro Biodiversity Conservation) / hftsf] :jfldTjsf] clwsf/
(Variety Rights) :yfkgf ug{] .
#=!=^ aLpsf] ljsf; / pTkfbg a9fpg ;/sf/L tyf lghL
If]qnfO{ /fli6o jf cGt/f{li6o aLp Joj;foLx?;Fu ;+oQ
' m
eO{ sfo{ ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
#=@

aLp j[l4
#=@=! aLp pTkfbg k|0ffnL cyf{t\ Go"lSno;lk| a]lzs, k|hgg,
d"n / k|dfl0ft tyf pGgt aLp pTkfbg k|0ffnLnfO{
s[ifsx?sf] dfu cg';f/sf] kl/df0fdf pknAw x'g ;Sg]
u/L pTkfbgdf lg/Gt/tf lbOg]5 .
#=@=@ pRr d" N osf aLpx? pTkfbg u/L lgof{ t k| j 4{ g
ul/g]5 .

%$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#=@=# Go" l Sno; tyf k| h gg aLpsf] u' 0 ffTds ;Da4{ g


(Maintenance) tyf kl/df0ffTds pTkfbgsf] lhDd]jf/L
k|hgs (Breeder) df lglxt /xg]5 . aLpsf] u'0ffTds
;Da4{g tyf kl/df0ffTds pTkfbgsf] of]hgf tyf ;f]sf]
Joj:yf pko{'Qm ;ldltn] ldnfpg] 5 .
#=@=$ d"n aLp pTkfbgsf] sfo{ ;/sf/L :t/ nufot u}/ ;/sf/L
tyf lghL If]qdf pTkfbg ug{] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 . d"n
aLp pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos kg{] k|hgg aLp (Breeder
Seed) pknAw u/fpgsf nflu k|hgg\ aLp pTkfbsx?
/ d"n aLp pTkfbgx?sf] nflu cfjZos kg{] u/L
kl/df0ffTds jf;nft ;ldltn] tof/ u/L ;f]sf] cfwf/df
cfjZos aLp ljhg pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
#=@=% k|hgg aLpsf] dfu ;DalGwt lgsfon] /fli6o aLp ljhg
;ldltnfO{ clu|d hfgsf/L lbg]5 . o; ;DaGwsf] sfo{
of]hgf ;ldltn] agfpg]5 .
#=@=^ pk/f]Qm cg';f/ g} k|dfl0ft tyf pGgt aLp pTkfbgsf]
sfo{ ug{ rflxg] d"n aLpsf] cfjZos kl/df0faf/] /fli6o
aLp ljhg ;ldltnfO{ clu|d hfgsf/L ;DalGwt lgsfon]
lbg] / /fli6o aLp ljhg ;ldltn] o; ;DaGwdf Joj:yf
ldnfpg] 5 .
#=@=& :yfgLo:t/df aLh j[l4 sfo{qmdsf] nflu ;/sf/L tyf
u}/ ;/sf/L If]qaf6 pGgt aLp pTkfbg ug{ ;DefJotf
;lxtsf] k|:tfj cfPdf ;|ft] aLpsf] Joj:yf /fli6o aLp
ljhg ;ldltn] ldnfpg]5 .
#=@=* aLp pTkfbg ubf{ aLp afnLsf] k|sf/ / hftcg';f/ If]q
lgwf{/0f / /lhi68{ aLp pTkfbs (Registered Seed
Grower) sf] :yfkgf u/L aLp pTkfbg s/f/sf] cfwf/df
pTkfbg ug{ ] Joj;foLnfO{ k| f ydlstf lbOg] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

%%

#=#

u'0f:t/ lgoGq0f
#=#=! xfn;Dd aLp k|dfl0fs/0f (Seed Certification) / oyfy{
;+s]tkq (Truthful Level) nufP/ aLpsf] u'0f:t/
lgoGq0f ug{] k|fjwfg /x]sf]df ca cfoGbf u'0f:t/ 3f]lift
aLp k4lt (Quality Declared Seed System) ;d]t
ckgfO{ aLpsf] u'0f:t/ lgoGq0f ul/g]5 .
#=#=@ aLpsf] u'0f:t/ sfod ug{ aLp ljhg k/LIf0f, aLp
ljZn]if0f, aLpsf] gd"gf ;+sng, aLp afnL lg/LIf0fh:tf
ljleGg sfo{x? g]kfn ;/sf/af6 tf]lsP adf]lhd ;/sf/L,
u}/ ;/sf/L tyf lghL If]qaf6 u/fOg]5 . ;f] sfo{sf]
cg'udg aLp lahg u'0f:t/ lgoGq0f sfof{non] ug{] u/L
Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .

#=$ aLp ljhg Joj;fodf lghL If]qsf] ;+nUgtf clej[l4


#=$=! ljleGg ;/sf/L / cw{ ;/sf/L lgsfodf /x]sf k|zf]wg
OsfO{ / aLp e08f/ ;'ljwfx? dfu ePcg';f/ lghL
If]qnfO{ pknAw u/fOg] 5 . o;/L ;'ljwf pkof]u u/]
afkt ;]jf z'Ns lnOg]5 .
#=$=@ g] k fn ;/sf/df btf{ ePsf aLp pTkfbs, aLp
Joj;foLx?nfO{ u'0f:t/Lo aLp aGwsL (Seed Pledging)
ubf{ Jofhsf] ?kdf 7"nf] wg/fzL vr{ x'G5 . kmn:j?k
d"No pRr x'g hfg] x'Fbf o:tf] aLp s[ifsn] pkof]u ug{
;Sb}gg\ . xfn o:tf] l:ylt ljBdfg 5 . o; l:yltsf]
cGTo u/L pGgt aLp clwstd k|of]u u/L /fli6o vfB
;'/Iff ;'lglZrt ug{sf nflu aLp aGwsL k|0ffnL ;[b9' Ls/0f
ug{'kg{] x'G5 . ctM aLp aGwsL /fvL e08f/0f ul/Psf]
u'0f:t/Lo aLp e08f/0f ubf{ nfUg] Jofhsf] s]xL c+z
g]kfn ;/sf/n] Joxf]g{]5 .
#=$=# aLp ljhg Joj;fodf :yfgLo s/ tyf eG;f/ dx;'ndf
;x'lnot lbOg]5 .

%^

#=$=$ lghL If]qsf Joj;foLx?nfO{ tflnd tyf cGo ;Lk


ljsf;sf cj;/x? pknAw u/fOg]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#=$=%= cGo k|fyldstf If]qdf k/]sf jf s[lif pBf]ux? e}m btf{


ePsf aLp ljhg sDkgLx?nfO{ klg cf}Bf]lus ljsf;
P]g, @)#* n] lbPsf] ;x'lnot /fli6o aLp ljhg ;ldltsf]
l;kmfl/;sf] cfwf/df pknAw u/fOg]5 .
#=$=^ u'0f:t/Lo aLp ljhgsf] k|rf/ k|;f/sf nflu lghL If]qnfO{
;xof]u k'ofpg ljleGg ;~rf/ dfWodx?af6 lj1fkg
u/fpg rfx]df /fli6o aLp ljhg ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df
k|rf/ k|;f/ afkt lj1fkgsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n]
cfjZos ;xof]u ug{]5 .
#=% cfk"lt{ Joj:yfM
#=%=! aLpsf] dfu, cfk"lt{ / lghL tyf ;/sf/L If]qsf] pTkfbgsf]
cWofjlws /]s8{ /fVg] / ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;ldltaf6
s[ i fs:t/;Dd k' ofpg] k| e fjsf/L sfo{ ul/g] 5 .
#=%=@ cfk"lt{ l:yltnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbgsf nflu /fli6o:t/df
hu]8f aLp (Buffer Stock) sf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
#=%=# aLp Joj;fonfO{ k|j4{g ug{sf] nflu zLt e08f/ lgdf{0f
tyf ;~rfng ug{ ;x'lnot lbOg] 5 .
#=%=$ /f]u /lxt aLp a]gf{sf] pTkfbg j[l4 ug{ ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L
/ lghL If] q df l6:o' sNr/ h:tf cfw' l gs (Bio
Technology) k| l jlwsf] k| o f] u df hf] 8 lbOg] 5 .
#=%=% vfB ;'/Iff;Fu cfa4 afnLsf] aLp ljhgsf] cltl/Qm
3fF;, k'ik afnL tyf cGo aLp pTkfbg / ljt/0fdf klg
hf]8 lbg] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
#=%=^ oftfoftsf] ;'ljwf ce}m gk'u]sf] If]qsf] -kxf8L e]udf_
aLp ljhg cfk"lt{ ;'b[9 ug{ lgDg adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
#=%=^=! ef}uf]lns ljs6tfnfO{ Wofgdf /fVb} lghL If]qsf
pTkfbs / ljq]mtfsf] ;+nUgtfdf aLp ljhg
cfk"lt{ ug{] sfo{qmdnfO{ a9fOg]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

%&

#=%=^=@ b'u{d kxf8L If]qdf aLp ljhg sfo{qmd ;'rf?


?kdf ;~rfng ug{sf] nflu s[ifs ;d"x agfO{
sfo{ ;~rfng sf] i fsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
#=%=^=# ;f] sfo{qmd ;~rfngs]f nflu >f]t s]Gb|b]lv
aLp pTkfbg :yn;Dd jLh a[l4sf] nflu nlug]
>f]t aLp 9'jfgLdf ;x'lnot tyf k|fljlws ;]jf
lbg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
#=^ ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f
#=^=! /fli6o aLp ljhg ;ldltsf] ;lrjfnosf] ;'b9[ Ls/0fsf] nflu
cfjZos hgzlQm / >f]t ;fwgsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
#=^=@ u'0f lgoGq0f sfo{ ug{ aLp ljhg u'0f:t/ lgoGq0f sfof{nosf]
:yfkgf / cfjZos hgzlQmsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
#=^=#= aLp ljhg k/LIf0f ug{] ;/sf/L k|of]uzfnfsf ;fy} u}/
;/sf/L jf lghL If]qdf aLpsf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f ug{ aLh
k/LIf0f k|of]uzfnf :yfkgf ug{ lbOg]5 .
#=^=$ aLp aGwsL (Seed Pledging) Joj:yf ;Ifd /fVg
;+:yfut Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
#=^=% aLp Joj;fodf ;+nUg cw{ ;/sf/L lgsfonfO{ lj:tf/}
Jofj;flos/0f ub{} n}hfg] sfo{ ul/g]5 .
#=^=^ aLp cg';Gwfg tyf aLp pTkfbgdf ;+nUg ;/sf/L lgsfox?sf]
;+ : yfut ;' b [ 9 Ls/0f ub{ } n} h fg] sfo{ ul/g] 5 .
#=&= h}ljscfw'lgs k|ljlw
#=&=! ljZjdf aLp ljhg;Fu ;DalGwt cTofw'lgs k|ljlwx?
ljsf; eP/ k|of]u eO{ /x]sf 5g\ . o;}n] g]kfndf klg
h}ljs k|ljlw (Bio-technology) cyjf cfg'jl+ zs kl/jt{g
(Genetic Engineering) cflb k|0ffnLx?af6 pTkfbg x'g]
GMO, Transgenic Plants tyf tGt' lj1fg (Tissue
Culture) cflb ljifox?df klg cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg
ul/g]5 .
%*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#=&=@ jfXo b]zx?af6 pk/f]Qm cg';f/sf aLp ljhg tyf


lj?jfx? g]kfndf leq\ofpFbf o; ;DaGwL ;Ifd ;/sf/L
lgsfosf] lgu/fgLdf cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L logLx?af6
hLj / jftfj/0fdf k|lts"n c;/ gkg{] k|dfl0ft ePkl5
dfq cfd hgtfsf] pkef]usf] nflu kl/rfng ul/g]5 .
#=&=# ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfsf] enfO{nfO{ Wofgdf /fvL g]kfnsf]
j:t'l:yltdf pko'Qm x'g] h}ljs ;'/Iff (Bio-safety)
lgodfjnLx? tof/ u/L nfu" ul/g]5 .
#=&=$ cTofw'lgs k|ljlwx?sf] ljsf; ug{ g]kfndf r/0fa4 ?kdf
hgzlQm tyf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tof/ ub{} nlug]5 .

?kfGt/0f M s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @% adf]lhd >L
% sf] ;/sf/ eGg] zAbxsf] ;f g]kfn ;/sf/ eGg] zAbx /fvL
kfGt/0f ul/Psf] .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

%(

/fli6o dn gLlt @)%*


-g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ldlt @)%*.!!.!^_
!= k|:tfjgf
g]kfn ;/sf/n] cjnDag u/]sf] pbf/, v'nf tyf ahf/d"vL cy{ gLlt
cg';f/ @)%$ sflQ{s b]lv /f;folgs dnsf] sf/f]jf/ -v/Lb tyf ljt/0f
;d]t_ df lghL If]qnfO{ ;+nUg u/fO{ ;s]sf] kl/k|]Ifdf,
g]kfn clw/fHoleq u'0f:t/Lo dnsf] cfk"lt{ -pTkfbg, k}7f/L tyf
ljqmL ljt/0f_ Joj:yf k|Tofe"t u/L s[lif pTkfbgnfO{ 6]jf lbg of] dn
gLlt th'{df ePsf] 5 .
@= cGt/lglxt cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx?
s[lif pTkfbgsf] nflu clt cfjZos kg]{ pTkfbg ;fdu|Lx? dWo]
dn Pp6f k|d'v pTkfbg ;fdu|L ePsf]n] s[lif If]qsf] gLlt leqsf] of]
Pp6f pkIf]q gLlt xf] . a:t'tM of] gLlt b]xfosf cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx?df
cfwfl/t 5 M

^)

!=

s[ifsx?sf] dnk|lt a9\b} uPsf] cle?lr tyf dfunfO{ Wofgdf


/fvL b]zdf dnsf] pknAwtf ;xh ug{ lghL If]qsf] ;d]t
;+nUgtf ckl/xfo{ 5 .

@=

;/sf/L, ;xsf/L tyf lghL If]q ;a}nfO{ dnsf] sf/f]af/df ;dfg


cj;/ tyf ;x'lnot pknAw x'g' k5{ .

#=

jt{dfg ljZj Jofkf/Ls/0f, ;"rgf k|ljlwx?sf] ljsf; tyf k|;f/


Pj+ ahf/d'vL cy{ Joj:yfsf] ;Gbe{df ;/sf/ :jo+ Jofkf/df
;+nUg x'g' eGbf ;/sf/sf] e"ldsf lgodgstf{ tyf ;xhstf{sf]
x'g'k5{ .

$=

dnsf] ;d'lrt k|of]usf] nflu s[lif k|;f/ tyf s[lif cg';Gwfgn]


;fd"lxs lhDd]jf/L jxg u/L Ps csf{sf] kl/k"/s x'g' k5{ .

%=

df6f]sf] pj{/fzlQm x|f; x'g glbg, /f;folgs dnsf] k|of]uaf6


jftfj/0fdf kg{ ;Sg] gsf/fTds k|efjnfO{ Go"g ug{ tyf o;sf]
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

plrt Pj+ ;Gt'lnt k|of]udf k|f]T;fxg ug{ PsLs[t jfnL kf]if0f


Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL ckgfpg' kb{5 .
^=

dnsf] ;d'lrt pkof]usf] nflu cfjZos k"jf{wf/ Joj:yf tyf


pko'Qm jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug'{ kb{5 .

#= kl/efiff
ljifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; gLltdf
-s_ cfoftstf{ eGgfn] s'g} ljb]zL d'n'sjf6 g]kfn clw/fHoleq
/f;folgs dn cfoft ug]{ JolQm jf ;+:yf ;+emg' k5{ .
-v_ gLlt eGgfn] dn gLlt, @)%* nfO{ ;+emg' k5{ .
-u_

lghL If]q eGgfn] ;/sf/L If]q jfx]ssf dnsf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{


;xsf/L If]q ;d]t ;Demg' k5{ .

-3_

ljqm]tf eGgfn] sfg'g cg';f/ lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nodf


btf{ ePsf dnsf] yf]s jf v'bf| ljqmL ug]{ JolQm jf ;+:yf ;Demg'
k5{ .

-_

dn eGgfn] k|f+ufl/s, /f;folgs tyf lhjf0f' o'Qm dn ;+emg' k5{ .

-r_ /f;folgs dn eGgfn] af]6 lj?jfnfO{ kf]ifs tTj pknAw


u/fpg df6f] jf af]6 lj?jfdf k|of]u ul/g] s'g} klg 7f]; jf t/n
/f;folgs kbfy{ ;Demg' k5{ .
-5_

k|fu+ fl/s dn eGgfn] jf]6 lj?jfnfO{ kf]ifs tTj pknAw u/fpg


df6f]df l;w} k|of]u ul/g] jg:klt /jf kz' hGo s'lxP/ jg]sf]
sfj{g o'Qm kbfy{ ;Demg' k5{ .

-h_

lhjf0f'o'Qm dn eGgfn] af]6lj?jfnfO{ kf]ifs tTj pknAw


u/fpg k|of]u ul/g] gfO6f]hg, kmf]:kmf]/; / sfj{g rqm;+Fu
;DalGwt lhljt (Living) jf ;'if'Kt (Latent) ;'Id lhjf0f'
ePsf] 7f]; jf t/n kbfy{ ;Demg' k5{ .

$= p2]Zox?
df6f]sf] pj{/fzlQm ;'wf/af6 s[lif pTkfbsTj j[l4 u/L ul/jL lgjf/0f
ug]{ /fli6o nIfnfO{ of]ubfg k'ofpg] p2]Zoaf6 of] gLlt lgb]{lzt 5 .
ljz]iftM of] gLltsf] p2]Zo lgDg cg';f/ x'g] 5 M
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

^!

!= dnsf] pkof]udf j[l4 Nofpg gLltut ;'wf/ tyf k"jf{wf/ Jojl:yt


ug]{ .
@= dnsf] s'zn Pj+ ;Gt'lnt k|of]u ug{ PsLs[t jfnL kf]if0f Joj:yfkg
k|0ffnLnfO{ k|j4{g ug]{ .
%= /0fgLltx?
%=!

dnsf] pknAwtf

%=!=! dn cfoftnfO{ e/kbf]{, k|lt:klw{ tyf kf/bzL{ agfpg]M


jt{dfg ;dodf /f;folgs dn b]z leq pTkfbg eO{ g;s]sf]
/ s[ifsx?sf] ;Dk"0f{ dfu cfoftaf6 dfq} kl/k"lt{ ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf
ePsfn] ljBdfg /f;folgs dnsf] cfoft Joj:yfnfO{ e/kbf]{,
k|lt:klw{ tyf kf/bzL{ jgfpg b]xfo cg';f/sf] Joj:yf ldnfOg]
5 M
-s_ ;dodf /f;folgs dn cfoft ug]{ l:ylt ;[hgf ug{ k|dv
'
jfnL nufpg] ;do eGbf 5 dlxgf cufl8 /f;folgs dnsf]
pkof]u l:ylt, dfu tyf cfk"lt{ l:ylt k"jf{g'dfg ug]{ /
To;nfO{ ;fj{hlgs ug]{ .
-v_ dnsf] cfoftdf ;+nUg ;/sf/L, ;xsf/L tyf lghL If]qsf
;+:yfx?nfO{ ;dfg cj;/ tyf ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] .
-u_ cfoftstf{x?n] cfoft u/]sf dnsf] yf]s ljqmL d"No
;fj{hlgs ug'{ kg]{ .
-3_ dnsf] d"No, u'0f:t/ tyf pknAwtfnfO{ lgoldt tyf
k| e fjsf/L agfpg cg' u dg sfo{ n fO{ ;' b [ 9 ug] { .
-_ /f;folgs dnsf] cGt/f{li6o d"No cg'udg u/L lgoldt?kdf
;fj{hlgs ug]{ .
-r_ cGt/f{li6o ahf/af6 dn cfoft ug]{ ;a} ;+:yfx? dGqfnodf
btf{ x'g' kg]{ .
%=!=@ d"No gLlt tyf cg'bfg
-s_ dnsf] d"No ahf/ k|lt:kwf{af6 lgwf{/0f x'g] .
^@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

-v_ /f;folgs dnsf] d"Nodf ;/sf/n] cg'bfg glbg] t/ oftfoft


;]jf gk'us
] f b'ud{ tyf pRr kxf8L lhNnfx? h:tf kl/nlIft
If]q / ;fgf tyf ;LdfGt s[ifs h:tf kl/nlIft ;d"xnfO{
ljz]if s[lif pTkfbg sfo{qmd cGtu{t ;x'lnot lbg ;lsg] .
%=!=# hu]8f df}Hbftsf] Joj:yf
-s_ /f;folgs dnsf] ;DefJo vktsf]] sl/j aL; k|ltzt
/f;folgs dn hu] 8 f df} H bftsf] ?kdf ;+ l rt ug] { .
-v_ /f;folgs dnsf] hu]8f df}Hbft ;~ro, Joj:yfkg tyf
ljqmL ljt/0f Joj:yf kf/bzL{ / k| l t:klw{ ug] { .
-u_ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ldq /fi6x?af6 j:t'ut ;xfotf cGtu{t
k|fKt x'g] /f;folgs dnnfO{ hu]8f df}Hbft Joj:yf cGtu{t
kl/rfng ug]{ .
%=!=$ :jb]zL pTkfbg
-s_ s[lif ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos x'g] /f;folgs dn ;bf jfXo
>f]tsf] cfoftdf dfq lge{/ /lx/xg o'lQm;+ut gePsf]n]
/f;folgs dn pBf]u clw/fHo leq} :yfkgf ug{ k|f]T;flxt
ug]{ .
-v_ /f;folgs dnsf] ;ld>0f pTkfbg ug{ sRrf kbfy{x?sf]
?kdf /f;folgs dn -o'l/of, l8=P=kL=, ;'k/ km:km]6 cflb_
cfoft ug]x{ ?nfO{ cfoftstf{x?n] kfP ;/xsf] ;'ljwf ;x'lnot
lbg] .
%=!=% ljb]zdf nufgL
-s_ l5d]sL d'n'sx?sf] /f;folgs dn sf/vfgfx?df nufgL
ug{ ;xsf/L tyf lghL If] q nfO{ k| f ] T ;flxt ug] { .
-v_ l5d]sL /fi6x?sf /f;folgs dn lgof{t ug]{ sf/vfgfx?df
z]o/ nufgL u/L pTkfbgsf] cg'kflts lx:;f k|fKt ug{
-;xsf/L tyf lghL If] q nfO{ _ k| f ] T ;flxt ug] { .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

^#

%=@ dnsf] ljt/0f Joj:yf kf/bzL{, k|lt:kwf{Tds tyf k|efjsf/L


t'Nofpg]
%=@=! ljt/0f Joj:yf
-s_ ljsf; If]q cg';f/ /f;folgs dn cfk"lt{ l:yltsf] nut
cBfjlws u/L ;fj{hlgs ug]{ .
-v_ dn ljt/0f Joj:yfdf ;3fp k'ofpg, /f;folgs dnsf]
;Gt'lnt pkof]u / PsLs[t jfnL kf]if0f k|0ffnLnfO{ k|fT] ;flxt
ug{ dn pkof]u cWoog lgoldt ?kdf u/L To;nfO{
cWofjlws ub}{ hfg] .
-u_ lhNnfdf dn ljt/s tyf ljqm]tfx?sf] ;+hfn :yfkgf ug{
clek|]l/t ug]{ .
-3_ dnsf] v'b|f ljqmL d"No lgoldt cg'udg ug]{ .
-_ dn e08f/0f, s[lif pTkfbg Pj+ ljqmL Joj:yf, u'0f:t/
Joj:yfkg tyf dn pkof]u ;DjGwdf ljqm]tfx?sf] ;Ifdtf
j[l4 ug]{ .
-r_ cfoftstf{, ljqm]tfx? Pj+ s[ifsaLr ljleGg txdf lgoldt
cGt/s[of ug]{ .
%=@=@ kl/nlIft If]q / ;d"xnfO{ ;x'lnot b/df /f;folgs dn pknAw
u/fpg ;Sg] .
-s_ df]6/ oftfoft ;]jf k'uL g;s]sf b"u{d tyf pRr kxf8L
lhNnfx?df /f;folgs dn 9'jfgL vr{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] Joxf]/L
;x'lnot b/df /f;folgs dn pknJw u/fpg ;lsg] .
-v_ gfO6f]hg, km:kmf]/; / kf]6f; 7f]; kbfy{sf] ?kdf pknAw
u/fpg] ;j} k|sf/sf] /f;folgs dndf 9'jfgL vr{ ;x'lnot
lbg ;lsg] .
-u_ lghL tyf ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ ;d]t pk/f]Qm jdf]lhdsf] 9'jfgL
cg'bfg ;x'lnot ;]jfdf ;xefuL x'g ;Sg] cj;/ k|bfg
ug]{ .
^$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

-3_ ;fgf tyf ;LdfGt s[ifsx?nfO{ ljz]if s[lif pTkfbg


sfo{qmdx?;+u cfj4 u/L /f;folgs dnsf] :yfgLo jhf/
d"Nodf ;x'lnot pknAw u/fpg ;lsg] .
%=# dnsf] u'0f:t/
-s_ cgflws[t >f]tjf6 dn v/Lb ljqmL gug{ ljqm]tf / pkef]QmfnfO{
hfu?s jgfpg] .
-v_ gLltnfO{ k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug{ u/fpg dn P]g / lgod
agfO{ nfu" ug]{ .
-u_ dnsf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f k|0ffnLnfO{ k|efjsf/L t'Nofpg
k| o f] u zfnfx?sf] :yfkgf tyf ;' b [ 9 Ls/0f ug] { .
%=$ PsLs[t jfnL kf]if0f k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yfkgM
/f;folgs dnsf] k|of]uaf6 df6f]sf] pj{/f zlQmdf kg{ ;Sg]
gsf/fTds c;/nfO{ sd ug{ / ;Gt'lnt dn k|of]u tyf PsLs[t
jfnL kf]if0f k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug{ s[ifsx?sf] Ifdtf ljsf;sf]
nflu lgDg cg';f/ ug]{ M
-s_ df6f] kl/If0fsf] cfwf/df cfjZos kf]ifs tTjsf]] lx;fjn]
/f;folgs dn ;Gt'lnt ?kdf k|of]u ug{ s[ifsx?nfO{
k|f]T;flxt ug]{ .
-v_ PsLs[t jfnL kf]if0f Joj:yfkg k|0ffnLdf k|f+ufl/s tyf
lhjf0f' o'Qm dn k|of]u ug{ k|f]T;flxt ug]{ .
-u_ PsLs[t jfnL kf]if0f Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL k|ljlwsf] k|rf/ Pj+
d"Nofg ;DaGwdf s[ifs, cg';Gwfgstf{, s[lif k|;f/ sfo{stf{,
u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf, ;xsf/L / lghL If]qaLr lgoldt cGtlqm{of
u/fpg] .

?kfGt/0f M s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @% adf]lhd >L % sf] ;/sf/
eGg] zAbxsf] ;f g] k fn ;/sf/ eGg] zAbx /fvL kfGt/0f ul/Psf] .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

^%

l;+rfO gLlt, @)^)


-g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ldlt @)^).$.!(_
efu!
!=!= k[i7e"ld
s[lif pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj j[l4df l;+rfOsf] cxd e"ldsfnfO{
dWogh/ /fvL l;+rfO ljsf; tyf lj:tf/df k/fk"js
{ fnb]lv s[ifs cfkm}n]
nufgL ub}{ cfPsf]df of]hgfa4 ljsf;sf] yfngL pk|fGt g]kfn ;/sf/n]
klg o; If]qdf k|z:t nufgL ug'{sf] ;fy} ;dofg's"n gLlt, of]hgf tyf
sfo{qmd nfu' ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ljutsf o:tf k|of;s} kmn:jk b]zdf
pknAw l;+rfO ;DaGwL ef}lts ;+/rgf, hgzlQm / ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L
;+:yfut Ifdtfdf pNn]vlgo clej[l4 ePsf] 5 . casf k|of; To:tf
k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; / lj:tf/nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg'sf ;fy} pknAw ef}lts /
;+:yfut ;+/rgfsf] ;d'lrt pkof]uaf6 jif}e
{ l/ l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf pknAw x'g]
If]qsf] lj:tf/df s]lGb|t x'g cfjZos ePsf] 5 . o;sf nflu hn;|f]t
pkof]usf ax'p2]ZoLo cfof]hgfsf] th'd
{ f ubf{ l;+rfOnfO{ pRr k|fyldstf
k|bfg u/L ;Da4 If]q;Fusf] ;fdGh:otf sfod u/L sfo{qmd th'{df ub}{
hfg'kg]{ ePsf] 5 .
o; kl/k|]Iodf hg;xeflutfd"ns Joj:yfkgfnfO{ k|efjsf/L kdf
nfu' ub}{ cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf x/]s r/0fdf ;+ul7t pkef]Qmfsf] k|ToIf
;xeflutf / nufgL a9fP/ pkef]Qmf ;+:yfnfO{ g} dd{t, ;Def/ / ;~rfngsf]
lhDd]jf/L x:tfGt/0f ub}{ hfg' h?/L ePsf] 5 . o;sf nflu ljs]Gb|Ls/0fsf]
l;4fGt cg'?k l;+rfO ljsf; / Joj:yfkgdf :yflgo lgsfosf] e"ldsf
tyf pQ/bfloTj qmlds kdf j[l4 ub}{ n}hfg' cfjZos b]lvPsf] 5 .
!=@= cf}lrTo
bL3{sfnLg s[lif sfo{qmdn] kl/nlIft u/] adf]lhd ul/aL Go"lgs/0fsf
nflu s[lif pTkfbg / u|ld0f /f]huf/df j[l4 ug{ l;dfGt s[lif e"lddf ;d]t
l;+rfO ;'ljwfsf] lj:tf/ ug'{ cfjZos 5 . o; k|of]hgsf] nflu e"ldut
^^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

tyf ;tx hn;|f]tsf] ;+of]hgfTds pkof]u (Conjunctive use) sf ;fy}


gofF k|ljlw (Non-conventional) cGt/utsf l;+rfO k|0ffnLx h:t} kfgL
esf/L, yf]kf l;+rfO, kmf]xf]/f l;+rfO, nIdL l9sL cflbsf] k|of]u a9fpFb}
n}hfg' kg]{ ePsf] 5 . xfn;Dd lgld{t k|0ffnL vf;u/L gbL kmsf{pg] k|ljlw
(Run-off-the-river) df dfq} l;ldt /x]sf 5g\ . lxpFbdf gbLsf] axfjdf
sld x'g] ePsf]n] jif}{e/L l;+rfO k'ofpgsf] nflu hnfzoo'Qm k|0ffnLsf]
ljsf; ug'{ cfjZos ePsf] 5 .
pko'Qm ;Gbe{df l;+rfO gLlt, @)$( -k|yd ;+zf]wg @)%#_ sf]
sfof{Gjogaf6 xfl;n pknAwL / cg'ej Pj+ bzf}+ k~rjifL{o of]hgfsf
p2]Zo Pj+ hn;|f]t /0fgLltn] cfTd;ft u/]sf l;4fGt ;d]tnfO{ Wofgdf
/fvL l;+rfO gLlt, @)^) th'{df ul/Psf] 5 .
!=#=p2]Zo
l;+ r fO ;' l jwfsf] ljsf; lgDg p2] Z o k| f KtLsf nflu ul/g] 5 M
!=#=!= b]zdf ljBdfg hn;|ft] sf] k|efjsf/L pkof]u u/L l;+rfO of]Uo
hldgdf jif}{e/L l;+rfO ;]jf lj:tf/ ug]{ .
!=#=@= ljsl;t k|0ffnLsf] lbuf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu pkef]Qmfsf] ;+:yfut
ljsf; ug]{ .
!#=#= l;+rfO If]qsf] ljsf;;Fu ;DalGwt k|fljlws hgzlQm, pkef]Qmf
/ u}/;/sf/L ;+3;+:yfsf] 1fg, ;Lk / ;+:yfut sfo{ bIftfdf
clej[l4 ug]{ .
!=$= gLlt
Dfflysf p2]Zo k|flKtsf nflu b]xfosf gLlt cjnDag ul/g]5M
!=$=!= g]kfn ;/sf/n] l;+rfO ;'ljwf k|fKt If]qnfO{ l;+lrt If]q 3f]if0ff
ug]{5 . 3f]lift l;+lrt If]q leqsf] hUuf u}/ s[lif k|of]hgsf
nflu pkof]u ug'{ k"j{ cfjZostf cg';f/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
cg'dlt lng' kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
!=$=@= cfof]hgf th'{df ubf{ PsLs[t hn;|f]t Joj:yfkgsf l;4fGt
cg'?k ;/f]sf/jfnf (Stakeholder) nfO{ cfjZos kfgLsf]
pknAwtf, nufgLsf] k|ltkmn, nfutdf lx:;]bf/L Pj+ b}jLk|sf]k
lj?4sf] :jljdf (Self insurance) ug]{ u/L ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

^&

!=$=#= df};dL jiff{sf] k"/s (Supplementary) sf] kdf ljsl;t


l;+rfO k|0ffnLnfO{ jif}{e/L l;+rfO (Year Round Irrigation)
;'ljwf k'ofpg hnfzo, jiff{sf] kfgL ;+ro / e"ldut hn;|ft]
cflbsf] ljsf;, ;+ / If0f, ;Da4{ g / pkof] u ul/g] 5 .
!=$=$= cGt/ hnfwf/ hn :yfgfGt/0f (Trans-basin Water Transfer)
tyf Joj:yfkgsf] l;4fGt cg'?k 7"nf gbLsf] kfgLnfO{ ;'Vvfu|:t
hnfwf/ If] q df n} h fg u' ? of] h gf tof/ ul/g] 5 .
!=$=%= d"ntM l;+rfOsf] nflu pko'Qm b]lvPsf] hnfzoo'Qm cfof]hgfsf]
ljsf; Joj:yfkg l;+rfO ljefun] hn tyf zlQm cfof]usf]
;dGjodf ug]{5 . o:tf hnfzoo'Qm cfof]hgf tyf l;+rfOsf
cGo ;+/rgfsf] k|of]uaf6 ;Defljt ljB't pTkfbg ug{ k|fT] ;flxt
ul/g]5 . o:tf cfof]hgfsf] ljsf; tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu
l;+rfO ljefun] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;/sf/L jf lghL If]q
jf ;+o'Qm nufgLnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug]{5 .
!=$=^= pknAw e"ldut hn e08f/nfO{ klg ;tx hnfzo s} kdf
ljsf; / pkof]u u/L cfjZos ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g / u'0f:t/
lgoGq0fsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
!=$=&= l;+rfO k|0ffnLxsf] lgdf{0f, ;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkgdf lghL
If] q nfO{ ;+ n Ug u/fpg] gLlt cjnDjg ul/g] 5 .
!=$=*= g]kfn ;/sf/f/f lgld{t l;+rfO k|0ffnLx sfo{of]hgfsf cfwf/df
pkef]QmfxnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ul/g]5 / o:tf x:tfGtl/t k|0ffnLn]
rr]s
{ f] hUuf tyf cGo ;+/rgfxsf] ef]uflwsf/ :jfldTj ;d]t
sfg"gn] tfs]adf]lhd pkef]QmfxnfO{ pknAw u/fO{g]5 .
!=$=(= ;fgf / dof}nf vfnsf cfof]hgfsf] th'd{ f, lgdf{0f / Joj:yfkgdf
:yflgo lgsfo / pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] k|efjsf/L ;+nUgtf a9fpg
pgLxsf] Ifdtf j[l4 ul/g]5 . o:tf cfof]hgfdf gofF k|ljlw
ljsf;sf] nflu u} / ;/sf/L If] q nfO{ ;+ n Ug u/fO{ g ] 5 .
!=$=!)= cfof]hgf ;DaGwL ;"rgf ;dod} k|efjsf/L kdf k|jfx u/L
cfof]hgfsf af/]df :yfgLo lgsfo, pkef]Qmf ;+:yf / hg;d'bfosf]
;xeflutfdf j[l4 ul/g]5 .
^*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!=$=!!= l;+ r fO ;] j f ;' l jwfsf] kl/df0ffTds dfkgsf] Joj:yf


ul/g]5 . l;+rfOsf] k|efjsfl/tfsf] d"Nofg k|To]s jfnLnfO{
pknAw u/fOPsf] kfgLsf] kl/df0f, l;+lrt If]qkmn / pTkfbg
j[l4sf] cfwf/df ul/g]5 .
!=$=!@= l;+rfO If]qdf sfo{/t hgzlQmsf] 1fg / ;Lksf] ljsf; qmdnfO{
tfnLdsf] dfWodaf6 lg/Gt/tf k|bfg ug'{sf ;fy} cg';Gwfg
Ifdtfdf ;d]t clej[l4 ul/g]5 .
!=$=!#= o; gLltdf pNn]lvt p2]Zo xfl;n ug{ cfjZostfg';f/ sfg"gL
/ ;+:yfut ;'wf/ ul/g]5 .
efu @
sfo{gLlt
@=!= kl/efiff
ljifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; gLltdf,
-s_

cfof]hgf eGgfn] k|:tfljt jf lgdf{0fflwg l;+rfO of]hgf,


cfof]hgf / kl/of]hgf / ;f] ;DaGwL sfof{no ;Demg' k5{ .

-v_

k|0ffnL eGgfn] l;+rfO k|of]hgsf nflu ag]sf ;+/rgf / l;+rfO


If]q ;lxtsf] ;Dk"0f{ OsfO{nfO{ ;Demg' k5{ / o; zAbn] lgdf{0f
k"/f eO{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf] l;+rfO k|0ffnL ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-u_

d"n gx/ eGgfn] d'xfgaf6 lg:sg] gx/nfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .

-3_

zfvf gx/ (Branch or Secondary Canal) eGgfn] d"n


gx/af6 lg:sg] gx/nfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .

-_

pkzfvf gx/ (Distributary or Sub-secondary Canal)


eGgfn] d"n jf zfvf gx/af6 lg:sg] / !))%)) x]S6/;Dd
l;+rfO If]q ePsf] gx/nfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .

-r_

k|zfvf gx/ (Minor or Tertiary Canal) eGgfn] d"n jf zfvf


jf pkzfvf s'g} gx/af6 lg:sg] / #) x]S6/eGbf dfly !))
x] S 6/;Dd l;+ r fO If] q ePsf] gx/nfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

^(

-5_

s'nf] (Watercourse) eGgfn] d"n jf zfvf jf pkzfvf jf


k|zfvf s'g} gx/af6 lg:sg] / !) x]S6/ eGbf dfly #) x]S6/;Dd
l;+rfO If]q ePsf] s'nf]nfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-h_

s'n];f] (Field Channel) eGgfn] d"n jf zfvf jf pkzfvf


jf k|zfvf gx/x jf s'g} s'nf]af6 lg:sg] / !) x]S6/ leqsf
k| T o] s v] t df kfgL k' ofpg] s' n ] ; f] n fO{ ;Demg' k5{ .

-em_

j[xt cfof]hgfk|0ffnL eGgfn] kxf8L e]usf] xsdf !))) x]S6/


eGbf a9L / t/fO{ tyf leqL dw]zsf] xsdf %))) x]S6/eGbf
a9L l;+ r fO If] q ePsf] cfof] h gfk| 0 ffnL ;Demg' k 5{ .

-`_

7"nf] cfof]hgfk|0ffnL eGgfn] kxf8L e]usf] xsdf %)) b]lv


!))) x]S6/ ;Ddsf] / t/fO{ tyf leqL dw]zsf] xsdf @)))
b]lv %))) x]S6/ ;Ddsf] l;+rfO If]q ePsf] cfof]hgfk|0ffnL
;Demg' k5{ .

-6_

demf}nf cfof]hgfk|0ffnL eGgfn] kxf8L If]qsf] xsdf @% b]lv


%)) x]S6/ ;Ddsf] / t/fO{ tyf leqL dw]zsf] xsdf @)) b]lv
@))) x]S6/ ;Ddsf] l;+rfO If]q ePsf] l;+rfO cfof]hgfk|0ffnL
;Demg' k5{ .

-7_

;fgf cfof]hgfk|0ffnL eGgfn] kxf8L If]qsf] xsdf @% x]S6/eGbf


sd / t/fO{ tyf leqL dw]zsf] xsdf @)) x]S6/eGbf sd l;+rfO
If]q ePsf] cfof]hgfk|0ffnL ;Demg' k5{ .

-8_

k/Dk/fut l;+rfO k|0ffnL eGgfn] ls;fgf/f lgld{t Pj+ ;~rflnt


k|0ffnLnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-9_

pkef]Qmff/f ;~rflnt k|0ffnL eGgfn] ;/sf/L jf u}/ ;/sf/L


;+:yff/f lgdf{0f eO{ k"0f{ kdf pkef]Qmf ;+:yff/f ;~rflnt
l;+rfO k|0ffnL ;Demg' k5{ .

-0f_

pkef]Qmf ;+:yf eGgfn] k|0ffnL lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfng ug]{ p2]Zon]


u7g eO{ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ ePsf hn pkef]Qmf ;+:yf
;Demg' k5{ / o; zAbn] To:tf] pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] ;a} tx
;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

&)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

-t_

;~rfns eGgfn] cfof]hgfk|0ffnL ;DaGwL lgdf{0f / Joj:yfkgsf


nflu sfg"gL kn] lhDd]jf/ JolQm jf ;d"x ;Demg' kb{5 .

-y_

:yfgLo lgsfo eGgfn] ufpF ljsf; ;ldltgu/kflnsflhNnf


ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .

-b_

PsLs[t l;+rfO ljsf; eGgfn] Pp6f hnfwf/ If]q leq /x]sf


cfof]hgfx aLrsf] cGt/ ;DaGwnfO{ dWogh/ /fvL ;dGjofTds
9af6 ;~rfng ul/g] l;+rfO ljsf; sfo{qmd ;Demg' k5{ .

@=@= cfof]hgf cWoog, klxrfg tyf 5gf]6


@=@=!=

;fdflhs Gofo, ;Gt'lnt ljsf;, jftfj/0fLo ;Gt'ng, afnL


ljljlws/0f, Joj;foLs/0f / a9L cfly{s k|ltkmn lbg] s'/fnfO{
Wofgdf /fvL cfof]hgfnfO{ 5gf}6 ul/g]5 . o;sf] ;fy} l;+rfOsf]
nflu jif}e
{ l/ kfgL pknAw u/fpg e"ldut / ;tx hn>f]tsf]
;+of]hgfTds pkof]u (Conjunctive Use) sf ;DefJotfnfO{
;d]t cfof]hgf 5gf}6sf] cfwf/ lnOg] 5 . o;/L cfof]hgf
5gf}6 ubf{ ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu ;dGjo /flvg]5 .

@=@=@=

l;+rfO ;DaGwL u'?of]hgf / /fli6o hn;|f]t /0fgLlt cg'?k


Ps hnfwf/ If]qsf] kfgL csf]{ hnfwf/ If]qdf k|of]u ug{
cfof]hgfsf] ;DefjgfnfO{ ;d]t dWogh/ /fvL x/]s hnfwf/
If]qleq ax'p2]ZoLo nfe k|fKt x'g] vfnsf cfof]hgfsf] cWofjlws
;"rL tof/ ug'{sf] ;fy} ltsf] k|fyldstf qmdsf cfwf/df
sfof{Gjog ub}{ nlug]5 .

@=@=#=

PsLs[t hnfwf/ Joj:yfkgsf cjwf/0ff cg'?k cfof]hgf 5gf}6


ug]{ k|lqmofnfO{ ;+:yfut ub}{ n}hfg :yfgLo lgsfo / hg;d'bfo
;d]tsf] ;xof]udf 7"nf tyf demf}nf cfof]hgfsf] cWoog u/L
sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .

@=@=$= :yfgLo lgsfo / pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] ;+nUgtfdf hnfwf/ If]q


leq /x]sf tyf ;DefJo k|0ffnLsf] lj:t[t cfwf/e"t tYof
tof/ kf/L :yfgLo :t/df cfjlws of] h gf agfOg] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

&!

@=@=%= 5nkmn, uf]li7, e]nf cflbsf dfWodaf6 pkef]QmfnfO{ cfof]hgf


5gf]6s} r/0fb]lv k|ToIf ;xeflu u/fO{g]5 .
@=#= cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog sfo{ljlw
@=#=!=

l;+rfO jf cGo s[lifhGo k|of]hgsf] nflu kfgLsf] Jofkfl/s


pkof]u ug'{ kbf{ kfgLsf] ;|f]t jf l;+rfOsf] ;fj{hlgs ;+/rgf
jf b'j}sf] pkof]u ug]{ ;+3 ;+:yf jf JolQmn] k|rlnt sfg"g
adf]lhd cg'dltkq lng'kg]{5 .

@=#=@=

k|0ffnLsf] kfgL dflysf] cu|flwsf/sf] (Water Right) k|Tofe"lt


ug{ cfjZos sfg"gL Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

@=#=#=

hnfwf/ If]q (Basin) aLrsf] cGt/;DaGwsf] cfwf/df l;+rfO


ljsf; ubf{ cfof]hgfsf] PsLs[t sfof{Gjog k|lqmofnfO{ ;'Jojl:yt
ul/g]5 .

@=#=$= o; gLlt cg';f/ sfo{ ;Dkfbg u/L l;+rfO sfo{qmddf ckgfOPsf]


sfo{ljlw (Procedural Guidelines) nfO{ g} lg/Gt/tf lbOg]5 .
;fy} g]kfn ;/sf/n] nfu" u/]sf] ;fj{hlgs lgdf{0f sfo{ lgb]l{ zsf
(Public Works Directives) cg';f/ k|fljlws / k|zf;lgs
sfo{ ;Dkfbg ul/g]5 .
@=#=%=

l;+rfOsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ sfo{df ;+nUg ;/sf/L / bft[


;+ : yfxsf] sfof{ G jog k| l qmofdf Psktf NofOg] 5 .

@=$= pkef]Qmf ;+:yf


@=$=!= cfof]hgfk|0ffnLsf pkef]QmfnfO{ s'nf]b]lv d"n gx/ ;Ddsf]
ljleGg txdf ;+ul7t u/fOg]5 . o; k|sf/ ;+ul7t pkef]QmfxnfO{
cfof]hgfk|0ffnL sfof{Gjog / Joj:yfkgsf lqmofsnfkdf
;xeflu u/fOg]5 .
@=$=@= k|0ffnL / ;f] sf] Joj:yfkg pkef]Qmf ;+:yfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug]{
sfo{ a9L k|efjsf/L agfpg ef}lts lgdf{0fsf sfdsf] z'?df
g} pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] u7g / ltgsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfo{qmd
;~rfng ul/g]5 .
&@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@=$=#= pkef]Qmf ;+:yf u7g ubf{ sDtLdf ## -t]QL;_ k|ltzt dlxnfsf]


;xeflutf x'g] u/L blnt, pTkLl8t / lk5l8Psf hghflt
;d' b fosf] ;d] t k| l tlglwTj /xg] Joj:yf ldnfO{ g ] 5 .
@=$=$= gLlt lgdf{0f tyf sfof{Gjogsf ljleGg :t/df pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf]
pQ/bflok"0f{ ;xeflutf u/fO{ b]zdf lbuf] l;+rfO ljsf; ug{
pkef]Qmf ;+:yfnfO{ PsLs[t hnfwf/ / /fli6o :t/df ;+ul7t
u/fOg]5 .
@=$=%= pkef]Qmf ;+:yff/f lgld{t;~rflnt k|0ffnLx / ls;fgf/f
;~rflnt k/Dk/fut l;+rfO k|0ffnLxsf] dd{t, gljs/0f /
;'wf/sf] sfo{sf nflu dfu eO{ cfPdf dfu cg';f/sf] sfo{
hg;xeflutf kl/rfng u/L ul/g] 5 . o:tf k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yfkg
lbuf] u/fpg pkef] Q mf ;+ : yfnfO{ ;Ifd agfOg] 5 .
@=$=^= o; lsl;dsf pkef]Qmf ;+:yfxnfO{ Pp6} lgsfoaf6 btf{ Pj+
gljs/0f ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
@=%= ;|f]t klxrfng tyf hg;xeflutf
@=%=!=

cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf x/]s r/0fdf pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] k|ToIf


;xeflutf / nufgLdf hf]8 lb+b} ;/sf/L lgsfof/f ;~rflnt
cfof]hgfsf] dd{t / ;~rfngsf] lhDd]jf/L qmlds kdf :yflgo
lgsfo / pkef] Q mf ;+ : yfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ul/g] 5 .

@=%=@= s'nf] tyf s'n];f]nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ hldg ;DalGwt pkef]Qmfn]


pkef]Qmf ;+:yfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug'k{ g]5{ . o;/L x:tfGtl/t hldgsf]
k|rlnt b/ adf]lhdsf] d"No sfod u/L pkef]Qmfn] s'nf] tyf
s'n];f] lgdf{0fdf Joxf]g{ kg]{ /sddf ;dfof]hg ul/g]5 . hldg
kg]{ t/ l;+rfO ;'ljwf gkfpg] s[ifsnfO{ k|rlnt b/ adf]lhd
x'g cfpg] hldgsf] d"No a/fa/sf] /sd pkef]Qmf ;+:yfn]
;+slnt /sdaf6} e'QmfgL ug]{5 .
t/ ;fj{hlgs hldgdf lgdf{0f x'g] s'nf] tyf s'n];fsf] xsdf
To:tf] hUufsf] d"No ;dfof]hg ul/g] 5}g .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

&#

@=%=#=

v08 @=%=@= adf]lhd x:tfGtl/t hdLgsf] dfnkf]t ldGxf /


nut sfsf nflu cfof]hgfk|0ffnL ;DalGwt sfof{non]
sf/jfxL rnfpg]5 .

@=%=$= cfof]hgf lgdf{0fsf] nfut cg'dfgdf g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf


pkef]Qmfn] Joxf]g{] nufgLsf] c+z cg';r
" L ! adf]lhd u0fgf
ul/ k|To]s cfof]hgfsf] cfk\mgf] k|ltj]bg (Project Appraisal)
df pNn]v ug'{kg]{5 .
t/ pkef]Qmfsf] nfut c+z cfof]hgfsf] s"n nfutsf] !%
-kGw|_ k|ltzteGbf a9L / # -tLg_ k|ltzt eGbf sd x'g] 5}g .
v08 @=%=@ adf]lhd k|fKt hldgjfkt k|fKt /sdaf6 pkef]Qmf
;+:yfn] Joxf]g{ kg]{ nfugLsf] c+zdf gk'u ePdf, To:tf] gk'u
/sd clu|d kdf lglZrt geP;Dd s'nf] s'n;
] f] lgdf{0f sfo{
z'? ul/g] 5}g .
@=%=%= demf}nf tyf ;fgf cfof]hgfsf] klxrfg, ;j]{If0f, l8hfOg,
Oli6d]6 tyf lgdf{0fsf nflu cfjZostfg';f/ pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf
;fy} :yfgLo lgsfo, ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L Pj+ :yfgLo ;fd'bflos
;+:yfsf] klg ;xof]u h'6fOg]5 .
@=%=^=

l;+rfOsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / pkof]udf k|of]u x'g] ;/sf/L


:jfldTjdf /x]sf 7"nf / ef/L pks/0f -x]le OlSjd]G6_ sf] ;]jf
;Mz'Ns pknAw u/fpg'sf] ;fy} o:tf s]Gb|sf] ljsf; / lj:tf/df
lghL If]qsf] nfugLnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .

@=%=&= cfof]hgf lgdf{0fdf cfOkg]{ :yfgLo kdf afwf c8rg km'sfpg]


bfloTj pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] x'g5
] . l;+rfOsf ;DalGwt lgsfon]
o; sfo{df pkef]Qmf ;+:yfnfO{ cfjZos ;xof]u ug'{kg]{5 .
@=%=*= l;+rfO cfof]hgfs} :jfldTjdf /x]sf hUuf tyf cGo ;|f]taf6
;DefJo cfo j[l4 ug]{ / To:tf ;|ft] af6 k|fKt cfo cfof]hgfs}
dd{ t ;Def/sf] nflu k| o f] u ug{ Joj:yf ldnfO{ g ] 5 .
@=%=(= l;+rfO ljsf;df ljb]zL tyf :jb]zL lglh nufgLnfO{ cfslif{t
ul/g]5 . o; ;DaGwL Joj:yf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;fj{hlgs k"jf{wf/
&$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

;+/rgf lgdf{0f, ;~rfng tyf x:tfGt/0f (BOT) ;DaGwL gLlt,


@)%& tyf k| r lnt cGo sfg" g adf] l hd x' g ] 5 .
@=%=!)= cfsl:ds b}jL k|sf]kaf6 l;+rfO ;]jfdf cfOkg]{ ;d:ofsf]
lg/fs/0fsf] nflu Pp6f cfsl:ds dd{t ;Def/ sf]if v8f
ul/g]5 .
@=%=!!= cg';"rL@ adf]lhd pkef]Qmf ;+:yfnfO{ k|fKt x'g] /sdsf]
slDtdf *) k|ltzt pkef]Qmf ;+:yfn] dd{t ;Def/ sf]ifdf
hDdf ug]5
{ eg] afFsL /sd k|zf;lgs nufotsf sfdsf] nflu
vr{ ug{ ;Sg]5 . o:tf] dd{t ;Def/ sf]ifsf] /sd vr{ ug]{
sfo{ l jlw l;+ r fO lgb] { l zsfdf tf] l sP adf] l hd x' g ] 5 .
@=%=!@= cg';"rL@ adf]lhd s]lGb|o dd{t ;Def/ sf]ifdf hDdf x'g
cfpg] /sdsf] Joj:yfkg l;+ r fO ljefun] ug] { 5 .
@=^= k|0ffnL Joj:yfkg
@=^=!=

Joj:yfkg k|of]hgsf nflu k|0ffnLnfO{ lgDgfg';f/ jlu{s/0f


ul/Psf] 5M
-c_ pkef]Qmff/f ;~rflntM
-s_ k/Dk/fut l;+rfO k|0ffnL
-v_ ;/sf/L jf u}/ ;/sf/L lgosfof/f pkef]Qmf ;+:yfnfO{
x:tfGtl/t k|0ffnL
-cf_ g]kfn ;/sf/f/f ;~rflnt
-O_ g]kfn ;/sf/ / pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgdf ;~rflnt
-O{_ :yfgLo lgsfo / pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] ;+o'Qm Joj:yfkgdf
;~rflnt
-p_ lghL :t/df ;~rflnt

@=^=@=

pkef]Qmfsf] dfu cg';f/ k'glgdf{0f;'wf/ ul/Psf / pkef]Qmff/f


;~rflnt k|0ffnLsf] l;+rfO Joj:yfkg pkef]Qmf ;+:yfn] ug]{5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

&%

@=^=#=

g]kfn ;/sf/f/f ;~rflnt 7"nf jf j[xt l;+rfO k|0ffnLdf #)


x]S6/ If]qkmn leq kg]{ rsnf (Block) l;+rfO ug{ ;Sg] s'nf]
/ ;f] rsnf leqsf cGo l;+rfO ;+/rgfsf] dd{t ;Def/ tyf
;~rfng ug]{ k"0f{ lhDd]jf/L pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] x'g]5 . ;f]
rsnfeGbf dflysf l;+rfO ;+/rgf pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] ;xeflutfdf
g] k fn ;/sf/n] dd{ t ;Def/ tyf ;~rfng ug] { 5 .

@=^=$= g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] ;+o'Qm Joj:yfkgdf


;~rflnt 7"nf tyf j[xt k|0ffnLdf %)) x]S6/ If]qkmn ;Ddsf]
rsnf (Block) l;+rfO ug]{ pkzfvf gx/ / ;f] rsnf leqsf
cGo l;+rfO ;+/rgfsf] Joj:yfkg ug{ pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] dfu
ePdf pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] Ifdtf clej[l5 ul/ qmlds kdf
x:tfGt/0f ul/g]5 .
t/ g]kfn ;/sf/f/f ;~rflnt demf}nf k|0ffnLxsf] Joj:yfkg
x:tfGt/0fsf nflu pkef]Qmf ;+:yfaf6 dfu eO cfPdf gLhxsf]
Joj:yfkg kIfsf] d"Nofg ul/ x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;lsg]5 .
@=^=%=

s'g} klg l;+rfO k|0ffnLsf] k"0f{ Joj:yfkg x:tfGt/0f d"n


pkef]Qmf ;+:yfnfO{ ul/g]5 . cf+lzs kdf x:tfGt/0f ubf{
k|0ffnLsf] s'nf] tx b]lvsf pkef]Qmf ;ldltnfO{ 5'f 5'} kdf
klg ug{ ;lsg]5 .

@=^=^=

s'g} demf}n
+ f k|0ffnLdf cGtlg{lxt k|fljlws jf cGo hl6ntfsf]
sf/0f pkef]Qmf ;+:yfn] k"0f{ lhDd]jf/L lgjf{x ug{ ;Dej
gb]lvPdf To:tf k|0ffnLnfO{ pkef]Qmf ;+:yf / l;+rfO ljefun]
;+ o ' Q m kdf ;~rfng ug] { Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .

@=^=&=

cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] z'?b]lv g} x:tfGt/0fsf nflu ug'{kg]{


k"j{ tof/Lsf] kdf pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfut ljsf; /
pgLxsf] cfly{s Ifdtf j[l4 ub}{ nuL lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf
k| 0 ffnL pkef] Q mf ;+ : yfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ul/g] 5 .

@=^=*= ;+o'Qm Joj:yfkgdf /x]sf] jf g]kfn ;/sf/f/f ;~rflnt


k|0ffnL leqsf ljleGg txsf gx/ tyf s'nf]sf] cf+lzs jf k"0f{
&^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

kdf dd{t, ;Def/ tyf ;~rfngsf] lhDd]jf/L s'g} JolQm jf


u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfnfO{ k|lt:kwf{sf] cfwf/df sj'lnot u/L lbg
;lsg]5 .
@=^=(= g]kfn ;/sf/f/f lgdf{0f ul/Psf / xfn g]kfn ;/sf/ jf
pkef]Qmf ;+:yf jf ;+oQ
' m Joj:yfkgdf ;~rflnt demf}n
+ f tyf
7"nf k|0ffnLdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 ul/b} cfPsf] lgoldt
Joj:yfkgsf] lhDd]jf/L qmlds kdf :yflgo lgsfofnfO{
x:tfGt/0f ul/g]5 . o:tf] x:tfGt/0f ;DaGwL sfo{ :yfgLo
lgsfosf] k|fljlws Ifdtf, k|0ffnLsf] lbuf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu
;|ft] sf] Joj:yf / dfusf] cfwf/df ul/g]5 . o:tf x:tfGtl/t
l;+rfO k|0ffnLxsf] lbuf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu l;+rfO ljefun]
o; gLltsf] clwgdf /lx ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnf ;d"xsf] ;xeflutfdf
l;+rfO lgb]{lzsf agfpg]5 .
@=^=!)=

ax'p2]lZo of]hgfsf] lgdf{0f / Joj:yfkgdf /fli6o cg'ej j[l4


ug]{ p2]Zon] l;+rfO, lah'nL / vfg]kfgLsf] ;dfg'kflts nufgL
/ k|ltkmn pkof]usf] cfwf/df ;~rfng ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

@=^=!!=

Ps hnfwf/ jf pkhnfwf/ If]q leqsf] ;Dk"0f{ l;+rfO of]Uo e"ldnfO{


cfjZos kfgL 5'ofP/ dfq csf]{ hnfwf/ of pkhnfwf/ If]qdf
l;+rfO k|of]hgsf nflu kfgL n}hfg kfpg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

@=^=!@=

ljBdfg l;+rfO ;+/rgf / 3f]lift l;lrt If]q ;+/If0f ;DaGwL


sfo{ l;+rfO ljefun] ug]{5 .

@=&= l;+rfO ;]jf z'Ns / cfo ;|f]tsf cGo pkfo


@=&=!=

l;+rfO ;]jf pknAw eO{ a9\g hfg] cf};t s[lif pTkfbgsf] cfwf/df
k|To]s afnLsf] nflu Go"gtd l;+rfO ;]jf z'Ns lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .

@=&=@=

l;+rfO ;]jf pkef]u ug]{n] Go"gtd l;+rfO ;]jf z'Ns tf]lsP


adf]lhdsf b/n] ;~rfnsnfO{ a'emfpg' kg]5
{ . o;/L pkef]Qmfn]
ltg'{ kg]{ ;]jf z'Ns tf]lsPsf] ;dofjwL leq ga'emfPdf k|rlnt
sfg"g adf]lhd c;"n pk/ ul/g]5 . ;]jf z'Ns ga'emfpg]
pkef] Q mfnfO{ ;] j f pkef] u af6 jl~rt ul/g] 5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

&&

@=&=#=

Go"gtd eGbf a9L l;+rfO ;]jf z'Nssf] b/ k|To]s jfnLsf] nflu


l;+lrt If]qsf] cfwf/df ;~rfnsn] pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] ;d]t ;Nnfx
/ ;Ddltsf] cfwf/df lglZrt ug{ ;Sg]5 . o:tf] b/ pkef]Qmf
;+ : yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 kfl/t u/] / kl/jt{ g ul/g] 5 .

@=&=$=

l;+lrt If]q 3f]lift ul/Psf] clen]v ;DalGwt ;a} lgsfoxnfO{


pknAw u/fOg]5 . o:tf l;+lrt If]qdf gofF ljsf; lgdf{0fsf]
sfd ubf{ hn>f]t dGqfnosf] k"j{ ;xdlt cfjZos x'g]5 .
3f]lift l;+lrt If]qsf hUuf hldgsf] :jfldTj x:tfGt/0f, lwtf],
aGws jf cGo o:t} k|sf/n] laqmL jf Jojxf/ ubf{ / ;f] hUufsf]
dfnkf]t cflb ltg'k{ bf{ l;+rfO ;]jf z'Ns lt/]sf] lglZrt u/]kl5
dfq To:tf sfo{ x ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .

@=&=%=

;+o'Qm Joj:yfkgdf ;~rfng x'g] k|0ffnLdf l;+rfO ;]jf pknAw


u/fP jfkt k|To]s pkef]Qmfaf6 l;+rfO ;]jf z'Ns p7fpg] bfloTj
pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] x'g5
] . o:tf] ;]jf z'Ns p7fpg ;Sg] pkef]Qmf
;+:yfsf] clwsf/nfO{ sfg"gL kaf6 ;'lglZrt ul/g]5 . o;/L
p7]sf] /sd pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfksLo ;xeflutfsf]
cg'kftdf cg';r
" L @ df pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] c+z ;DalGwt
pkef]Qmf ;+:yfn] /fVg kfpg]5 / afFsL /sd l;+rfO ljefu
cGtu{t v8f ul/g] s]Gb|Lo dd{t ;Def/ sf]if tyf g]kfn
;/sf/sf] /fh:jdf hDdf ul/g]5 .

@=*=dd{t ;Def/ / k|0ffnL ;~rfng


@=*=!= cfof]hgfsf] lgdf{0f, lj:tf/, gjLs/0f Pj+ ;'wf/ ubf{ l;+lrt
If]qsf] cfwf/df ;dfg'kflts lx;fan] kfgL ljt/0f ug]{ u/L
ul/g]5 .
@=*=@= x:tfGtl/t l;+rfO k|0ffnLsf] dd{t, ;Def/ ;~rfng Pj+ lgoldt
;/;kmfO{ (Regular Maintenance) ug]{ bfloTj pkef]Qmf
;+:yfsf] x'g]5 .
@=*=#= k|fljlws ;d:ofsf] uflDeo{tfnfO{ b[li6ut u/L s'g} dd{t
;Def/sf] sfo{df k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] nflu dfu eO{ cfPdf l;+rfO
ljefun] To:tf] ;]jf pknAw u/fpg]5 .
&*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@=*=$= ck|Tofl;t kn] s'g} k|0ffnLdf 7"nf] xfgL gf]S;fgL x'g uO{
pkef]Qmfsf] sfa'eGbf aflx/sf] kl/l:ylt b]lvg cfPdf g]kfn
;/sf/n] To:tf k|0ffnLsf] k'g:yf{kgfsf] xb;Dd /fxt ;xof]u
pknAw u/fpg]5 .
@=*=%= ;+o'Qm Joj:yfkgdf /x]sf k|0ffnLsf] dd{t ;Def/sf] sfd
;Demf}tf cg'?k ul/g]5 .
@=*=^= cg';"rL @ adf]lhdsf] /sdn] gx/ k|0ffnL dd{t, ;Def/ /
;~rfng ug{ gk'u x'g] ePdf pkef]Qmf ;+:yfn] cfjZos yk
;]jf z'Ns p7fpg ;Sg]5 .
@=(= JolQm, ;d"x jf u}/;/sf/L ;+3;+:yf
@=(=!=

lghL If]qsf] nufgLaf6 cfof]hgf lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfng ug]{


;+:yf jf JolQmn] cg'dtLkqsf] dfWodaf6 To:tf] cfof]hgfsf]
ljsf; u/L ;z' N s ;] j f pknAw u/fpg ;Sg] 5 .

@=(=@= k/Dk/fut kdf :yfgLo s[ifsf/f ;~rflnt k|0ffnLnfO{ g]kfn


;/sf/n] ;~rfngsf] k"0f{ :jtGqtfsf] k|Tofe"lt lbg]5 .
@=!)= hjfkmb]lx / lhDd]jf/L
@=!)=!= cfof]hgfsf] lgdf{0f, ;~rfng jf Joj:yfkg ;DaGwdf kf/blz{tf
ckgfO{ l;+rfO ljefu / pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] sfd, st{Jo /
clwsf/ :ki6 x'g] u/L cf}krfl/s kdf ;Demf}tf ePkl5 ;f]
sf] cfwf/df g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfof]hgfdf nufgL ug]{5 .
@=!)=@= ;Demf}tf cg'k g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfk\mgf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{
g;s]sf] sf/0faf6 pkef]QmfnfO{ gf]S;fg kg{ uPdf pkef]Qmf
;+ : yfn] ;Demf} t f c' g ?k Ifltk" l t{ s f] dfu ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
@=!)=#= pkef]Qmf ;+:yfn] ;Demf}tf cg'?k ug'{kg]{ sfd ;Demf}tfdf
pNn]lvt ;dodf k"/f gu/]df g]kfn ;/sf/n] nufgL :ylut
u/L pkef]Qmf ;+:yfn] hDdf u/]sf] /sd ;d]t /f]Ssf ug{ ;Sg]5
/ /sd /f]Ssf ePsf] lg0f{osf] ;"rgf pkef]Qmf ;+:yfnfO{ cljnDa
lbOg]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

&(

@=!)=$= o; gLlt cGtu{t k|fljlws, cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf jftfj/0fLo


b[li6sf]0fn] pko'Qm 7xl/Psf j[xt, 7"nf tyf dof}nf l;+rfO
cfof]hgfsf] ljsf; ug]{ lhDd]jf/L l;+rfO ljefusf] x'g]5 .
ljs]Gb|Ls/0fsf] l;4fGt cg'?k ;fgf cfof]hgfsf] ljsf; pkef]Qmf
;+:yf / :yflgo lgsfo dfkm{t u/fpg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . l;+rfO
ljsf;sf] qmddf :yflgo lgsfosf] e"ldsf qmlds kdf a9fpg
pgLxn] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ vfnsf tflnd sfo{qmd ;~rfng
ul/g]5 . t/ e"ldut hn;|f]t l;+rfO tyf gofF k|ljlw (Nonconventional) l;+rfO cfof]hgfx @% x]S6/eGbf sd eP
klg l;+rfO ljefun] g} sfof{Gjog tyf ;~rfng ug]{5 .
@=!!= jftfj/0f ;+/If0f Pj+ hn u'0f:t/
@=!!=!= cfof]hgfk|0ffnL lgdf{0faf6 kg{ ;Sg] jftfj/0fLo gsf/fTds
k|efjnfO{ Go"g x'g] u/L cfof]hgfk|0ffnL ;DkGg ul/g]5 .
o;sf nflu ;/sf/L, u}/ ;/sf/L / :yfgLo :t/df cfjZos
hgr]tgf clej[l4 ul/g]5 .
@=!!=@= cfof]hgfaf6 jftfj/0fdf kg{ ;Sg] gsf/fTds c;/sf ;DaGwdf
hg;'gjfO{ (Public Hearing) nfO{ d'Vo cfwf/ agfO{ k|rlnt
sfg"gsf] clwgdf /xL cfjZostfg';f/ jftfj/0fLo k|efj
d" N ofg jf k| f /lDes jftfj/0f k/LIf0f ul/g] 5 .
@=!!=#= s'g} vf]nfvx/]af6 ;Dk"0f{ kfgL l;+rfOsf] nflu k|of]u ubf{
:yfgLo h}ljs ljljwtfdf gsf/fTds c;/ gkg]{ s'/f ;'lglZrt
u/L To:tf vf]nfvx/]df cfjZos Go'gtd kfgL 5f8]/ afFsL
kfgL dfq l;+rfOsf] nflu pkof]u ul/g]5 .
@=!!=$= jftfj/0fdf gsf/fTds c;/ gkg]{ u/L l;+rfOdf kfgLsf] ;d'lrt
pkof]u ug'{sf ;fy} hnu'0f ;DaGwL cg'udg, cWoog tyf
cg';GwfgfTds sfo{x ;~rfng ul/g]5g\ .
@=!!=%= l;+rfO If]q leq gbL s6fg, af9L, k}x|f] cfbLaf6 x'g ;Sg]
Ifltaf6 l;+rfO k|0ffnLsf] ;'/Iffsf nflu cfof]hgfsf] dd{t
;Def/ sfo{sf] nfutdf ;dfj]z u/L ul/g]5 .
*)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@=!@= k|ljlw ljsf; tyf k|fljlws hgzlQm


@=!@=!= pknAw >f]t, ;+/rgf / k|ljlwsf] k|efjsf/L pkof]u ug'{sf]
;fy} l;dfGt s[lif e"lddf ;d]t l;+rfO ;'ljwf lj:tf/sf nflu
e"ldut tyf ;tx hn;|ft] sf] ;+of]hgfTds pkof]u Pj+ kmf]x/f,
tfn tnfp tyf kf]v/L / yf]kf l;+rfO h:tf cfw'lgs k|0ffnLsf]
ljsf; / lj:tf/ ul/g]5 .
@=!@=@= b]zdf ljBdfg l;+rfO{ ljsf; ;DaGwL cg'ej / ;LknfO{
cf}krfl/s lzIff k|0ffnLdf ;dfj]z ug's
{ f ;fy} ;/sf/L, ;d'bflos
tyf lghL If]qdf tflnd, cg';Gwfg / sfo{Ifdtfsf] ;+:yfut
ljsf;nfO{ ;xof]u k'ofOg]5 .
@=!@=#= ;a} lsl;dsf cfof]hgfdf gofF k|ljlw / Ifdtf ljsf; (Capacity
Building) ;d]tnfO{ ljz]if dxTj lbO{ sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .
@=!@=$= l;+rfO ljsf;df ljleGg lgsfox ;+nUg /x]sf] ;Gbe{df sfo{
k4ltsf] lgwf{/0f, sfof{Gjog k|lqmof tyf of]ubfgdf Psktf
Nofpg l;+rfO ljefun] k|To]s jif{ cWofjlws cfwf/e"t tYof
(Data Base) tof/ u/L k|sflzt ug]{5 .
@=!@=%= k|To]s cfof]hgfsf] ;DefJotf cWoog cj:yfdf g} tflnd,
cg';Gwfg, cg'udg, d"Nofg cflbsf] cfjZostf klxrfg u/L
;d'lrt ah]6 / hgzlQmsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
@=!#= cGo lgsfo;Fusf] ;dGjo
@=!#=!= l;+rfO ;+/rgfn] rr]{sf] If]qdf ePsf ?v tyf cGo hfoh]yf
dflysf] :jfldTj, bfloTj / To;sf] pkof]usf] lhDd]jf/L /
hjfkmb]xL k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@=!#=@= l;+rfOsf] lbuf] ljsf;sf] lgldQ cfjZos cg';Gwfg, cWoog
tyf tflndsf] sfddf :yflgo u}/ ;/sf/L If]qsf] ;+nUgtf
a9fpFb} lghL If]qsf] ;+:yfut ljsf;df ;xof]u k'ofOg]5 .
@=!#=#= /fli6o, If]lqo / lhNnf:t/sf] ;DefJo l;+rfO ljsf;sf] nflu
ljleGg gbL3f6Lsf hn jxfj Ifdtfsf] tYofnfO{ hn tyf
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*!

df};d lj1fg ljefu;Fusf] ;dGjo / ;xsfo{df cGBfjlws


ul/g]5 .
@=!#=$= l;+rfO ljsf; sfo{qmdnfO{ s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd;Fu cfa4 ug{
cfof]hgfsf] klxrfg / 5gf}6sf] sfd b]lv sfof{Gjog, cg'udg
/ d"Nofgsf sfddf ;d]t l;+rfO ljefu / s[lif ljefusf]
lhNnf, If]lqo / s]lGb|o sfof{nox aLr lgs6:y sfo{ut
Pstf / ;dGjo sfod /flvg]5 .
@=!#=%= k|To]s l;+rfO l8lehg jf ;a l8lehgn] ;s[o pkef]Qmf /x]sf],
jif}{el/ l;+rfO ;]jf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] k|0ffnLdf s[lif ljefuaf6
;~rflnt Prority Package Program ;Fu cfa4 eO{ l;+rfO
Joj:yfkg ug]{5 .
@=!$= cg'udg tyf d"Nofg
@=!$=!= l;+rfOsf] lbuf] / e/kbf]{ ;]jfsf] cfjZos cg'udg tyf d"Nofg
ug{ /fli6o l;+rfO hn pkef]Qmf dxf;+3sf] k|ltlglw ;d]t ;dfj]z
ePsf] Ps s]lGb|o l;+rfO cg'udg ;ldlt u7g ul/g]5 . If]qLo
tyf :yfgLo :t/df To:tf] d"Nofg / cg'udg ubf{ ;f]xL
:t/sf pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwnfO{ klg ;dfj]z ul/g]5 .
@=!$=@= l;+rfO sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog x/]s txdf cfjZostfg';f/ ef}uf]lns
/ Joj:yfksLo ;"rgf cBfjlws u/L cg'udg / d"Nofg
(Monitoring and Evaluation) Joj:yfsf] ;+:yfut kIfnfO{
;'b[9 ug]{ sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOg]5 .
@=!$=#= l;+rfO k|0ffnLn] k'ofPsf] ;]jfsf] cg'udg ubf{ kfgLsf] kl/df0f,
jfnL ;3gtf, pTkfbg j[l4, pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] cfly{s l:ylt
/ sfo{ I f] q df ePsf kl/jt{ g nfO{ cfwf/ dflgg] 5 .
@=!%= ljljw
@=!%=!=e"ldut hn;|f]t e08f/sf] ;dof]lrt pkof]unfO{ b[li6ut ub}{
To:tf e08f/sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu plrt Joj:yf ul/g]5 . ;f]sf]
nflu hn;|ft] /0fgLltn] to u/] adf]lhdsf] ;+u7gfTds ;'wf/
ul/g]5 .
*@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@=!%=@= e"ldut hn;|ft] / ln6 l;+rfOdf k|of]u x'g] ljB'tsf] dxz'ndf


ljz]if ;x'lnot pknAw u/fOg]5 .
@=!%=#= x/]s ljsf; If]q leqsf] Pp6f pTs[i6 pkef]Qmf ;+:yfnfO{
jflif{s kdf k'/is[t ug]{ kl/kf6Lsf] z'?jft ul/g]5 .
@=!%=$= l;+rfO ;]jfsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ tkm{ /fi6nfO{ cfTdlge{/tfsf]
lbzfdf cl3 a9fpg l;+rfO ljsf; sf]ifsf] :yfkgf / To;sf]
;~rfngsf] yfngL ul/g]5 .
@=!%=%= l;+rfO ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ hfgsf/L cBfjlws kdf ;'Jojl:yt
] fno (Documentation Centre)
ug{ l;+rfO ljefu cGtu{t k|nv
sf] :yfkgf ul/ To;nfO{ cfw'lgs ;"rgf k|0fflndf kfGtl/t
ul/g]5 . o;sf nflu ;a} l;+rfO l8lehg, ;a l8lehg, lkmN8
sfof{noxsf] dftxtsf lhNnf jf j]l;gxsf] l;+rfO ;DaGwL
ljj/0f (Water Use Status) jflif{s kdf cWofjlw ug]{5g\ .
o; sfo{nfO{ cg'udg ul/ l;+rfO ljefun] k|To]s jif{ g]kfn
l;+ r fO l:ylt ;fj{ h lgs kdf k| s flzt ug] { 5 .
@=!%=^= k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f tyf cfGtl/s hgzlQm ljsf;sf kIfnfO{
hf]8 lbO{ ljb]zL k/fdz{bftfsf] Go"g ;+nUgtf /xg] vfnsf
of]hgfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
@=!%=&= gx/, s'nf] tyf s'n];f] lgdf{0f Pj+ Joj:yfkg ug{ pkef]Qmf
;+:yfn] ;f] sfo{sf nflu k|of]u ug]{ ef/L pks/0f cfoft ug]{
eP ;f] cfoft ubf{ nfUg] cfoft b:t' / 5' 6 lbO{ g ] 5 .
@=!%=*= of] gLltnfO{ nfu" ePsf] ldltn] kfFr jif{df gg3fO{ cfjZostfg';f/
cWofjlw ul/g]5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*#

*$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*%

kG5Lkfng gLlt, @)^*


-g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ldlt @)^*)()! df :jLs[t_
!= k[i7e"ld
kl/efiffM

kG%L eGgfn] s'v/' f, xf;, a^[fO{, nf}sf^, ^sL{, k/]jf, cli^r,

sflnh / Rofv'/f cflbnfO{ hgfp+% . kG%Lkfng Joj;fo ljut tLg


bzs b]lv Joj;flos/)f tkm{ pGd'v x'b} uO/x]sf] % . o; Joj;fon]
vf; u/L oftfoft, ljB't, ahf/ h:tf k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ePsf If]qx?df
pBf]usf] ?k lnO{ ;s]sf] % . ablnbf] cfxf/ ljxf/, a(\bf] zx/Ls/)f
Pj+ a(bf] kf}li^s vfB kbfy{x?sf] pkef]u cflb sf/)fn] kG%LhGo
kbfy{x?sf] pkef]udf qmlds ?kn] j[l$ eO{/x]sf] x'b
+ f :yfgLo jhf/df
o;sf] dfu lbgfg'lbg a(\bf]% . o; Joj;foaf^ kG%LhGo kbfy{x?sf]
cfoft k|lt:yfkg dfq geO{ If]qLo / ljZj ahf/;+u k|lt:kwf{ u/L
/fli^< o

cfodf

j[ l $

ug{

;lsg]

k| j n

;Defjgf

/x] s f] %

o; Joj;fonfO{ lbzflgb]z
{
ug{ tyf cf}Bf]lus/)f tkm{ lbuf] ult lbgsf]
nflu &f]; gLltsf] cfjZostf dx;'; u/L /fli^<o s[lif gLlt, 2061
/ s[lif Aoj;fo k|a${g gLlt, 2063 sf] kl/lw leq /xL g]kfn ;/sf/n]
kG%L kfng gLlt, 2068" hf/L u/]sf] % .

@= ljutsf k|of;x?M
g]kfndf cfw'lgs s'v/
' fkfngsf] z'?jft la= ;= 2014 ;fndf klxnf]
k^s ANofs ldgf]sf{, /f]* cfO{n})* /]*, Go' XofDk;fo/ / XjfO{^
n]uxg{ hftsf s'v'/fsf] cfoftaf^ ePsf] xf] . s[ifsx?nfO{ pGgt
rNnf lat/)f u/L df;' tyf km'n pTkfbg a[l$ ug{ of] sfo{qmdsf]
yfngL ul/Psf] lyof] . la= ;+= 2017 ;fndf k/jfgLk'/, af/fdf ;]G^<n
Xofr/L :yfkgf eO{ Go' x]Dk;fo/ hftsf dfpm rNnfx? cfoft u/L
rNnf pTkfbgsf] z'?jft ul/Psf] xf] . o;} qmddf lghL If]qsf]
cu|;/tfdf pGgt gZnsf n]o;{ / a|fO
] n/ rNnfx? cfoft tyf laqmL

kl/efiff M kG5L eGgfn] s'v'/f, xfF;, afO{, nf}sf6, 6sL{, k/]jf, cli6r,
sflnh / Rofv'/f cflbnfO{ hgfpF5 .
*^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

lat/)fsf] sfo{ la=;+= 2019 ;fnaf^} ;'?jft ePtf klg la=;+= 2040
kl% kG%Lkfngdf Joj;flos/)f k| s [ o fn] ult lnPsf] b] l vG% .

#= jt{dfg l:yltM
g]kfndf kG%Lhftaf^ pTkflbt df;' / km'nsf] k|lt AolSt pkef]u:t/
Go"g /x]sf] tYof+sn] b]vfPsf] % . cf=j= 2067)68 df s'v'/fsf]
df;' 36,052 d]=^g / c)*f 70 s/f]* uf]^f pTkfbg ePsf] h;sf]
cf}ift jflif{s j[l$b/ sl/j 3=2 k|ltzt /x]sf] % . s'v'/fsf] df;'
tyf km'nsf] cf}ift jflif{s pknJwtf k|lt JolQm qmdzM 1=82 lsnf]uf| d
/ 25 uf]^f /x]sf] % . b]zsf] s"n df;' pTkfbgdf s'v/
' fsf] df;'sf]
of]ubfg sl/j 13 k|ltzt /x]sf] b]lvG% . xfn b]zdf 98 j^f
Xofr/Laf^ jflif{s 5=7 s/f]* j|fO
] n/ rNnf / 58 nfv n]o;{ rNnf
pTkfbg e} ljlqm ljt/)f x'+b} cfPsf] % . To;}u/L sl/j 210 &"nf
bfgf pBf]uaf^ jflif{s 6 nfv 46 xhf/ d]=^g bfgf pTkfbg x'g]
u/]sf] % . Joj;flos s'v/' fkfng If]qn] dfq sl/j 1,00,000 hgfnfO{
k|ToIf /f]huf/L lbPsf] % . t;y{, kG%L Joj;fonfO{ t'ngfTds nfe
/ k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf a[l$ ug]{ clek|fon] kG%Lkfng gLltsf] cfjZostf
dx;'; ul/Psf] xf] .

$= ;d:of / r'gf}tLM
l%d]sL d'n'sx?sf] t'ngfdf g]kfndf k'mn / df;'sf] pTkfbg Pj+
pTkfbsTj Go"g /x]sf] % . bfgfdf k|of]u ul/g] sRrf kbfy{x?sf]
s"n kl/df)fsf] sl/j 50 k|ltzt hlt ljb]zaf^ cfoft ul/g] x'+bf
jif]g
{ L pNn]Vo ?kdf wg/fzL ljb]lzPsf] cj:yf % eg] cfofltt sRrf
kbfy{sf] klg u')f:t/ sd;n eO{ pTkfbsTj sd eO{ pTkfbg nfut
;d]t j(g uPsf] % Pj+ ;do ;dodf o; If]qdf b]vf k/]sf] kG%LhGo
dxfdf/L

/f] u

;d] t

;d:of

r" g f} t Lsf]

?kdf

b] l vPsf]

%= gofF gLltsf] cfjZostfM


kG%LhGo df;' / km'nsf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj j(fO{ k|lt:kwf{Tds
Ifdtf clej[l$ u/fpg pTkfbg ;fdfu|Lx? h:t} rNnf, bfgfsf] sRrf
kbfy{, cf}iflw, vf]k, pks/)f cflb sf] dfkb)* lgwf{/)f, u')f:t/
lgodg, df;' lalqm lat/)fsf] plrt Aoj:yfkg ckgfO{ o; pBf]usf]
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*&

lbuf] Pj+ ;+:yfut ljsf; ug{ gof gLltsf] cfjZostf dx;'; ul/Psf]
xf] .

^= nIfM
kG%L Joj;fonfO{ k|lt:kwL{ / jhf/d"vL pBf]usf] ?kdf :yflkt u/L
k|lt JolQm k|lt jif{ df;' / c)*fsf] xfnsf] pknJwtf qmdzM 1=82
lsnf]uf| d / 25 uf]^fnfO{ cfufdL 15 jif{ leq t]Jj/ ul/g] / h}las
laljwtfsf] ;+/If)f ul/g] nIf /x]sf] % .

&= p2]Zox?M
kG%Lkfng Joj;fonfO{ k|lt:kwL{ agfO{ k+%LhGo df;' tyf c)*fsf]
pknJwtfnfO{ j[l$ ug{ / cfocfh{g tyf /f]huf/L ;[hgfdf ^]jf k'Cofpg
lgDg p@]Zo lnOPsf] % .
1=

u')f:t/Lo kG%L tyf kG%LhGo kbfy{sf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj


j[l$ u/L vfB ;'/Iff tyf kf]if)f l:yltdf ;'wf/ Nofpg] /

2=

kG%L Joj;fonfO{ cfw'lgs, k|lt:kwL{ / jftfj/)f d}qL agfO{


cfGtl/s dfusf] cfk"lt{, cfoft k|lt:yfkg ub}{ qmdzM lgof{t
k|a${g ug]{ .

*= gLltx?M
8=1

t'ngfTds nfe / ;DefJotfsf] cfwf/df :yfgLo / pGgt


hftsf kG%Lsf] pTkfbg, pTkfbsTj a[l$ / ljsf;sf] ;fy}
lj:tf/ ul/g] % .

8=2

kG%L Joj;fo tyf pBf]u;u ;DalGwt pks/)f tyf sRrf


kbfy{sf] pTkfbg tyf ljsf; :jb]zd} u/L pBf]ux?df nufgL
k|jfx ug]{ cg's"n jftfj/)f agfO{g] % .

8=3

kG%L tyf kG%LhGo Joj;fonfO{ pRr k|fyldstf k|fKt s[lif


pBf]usf] dfGotf k|bfg ul/g] % / ;f]xL adf]lhd ;'ljwf
k|bfg ul/g] % .

8=4 lghL If]q, ;+#;+:yf / :yfgLo lgsfosf] ;xeflutf /


;dGjodf kG%L Joj;fo If] q df cfjZos k" j f{ w f/ h:t}
**

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

jhf/:yn, jwzfnf, k|zf]wg s]Gb|, k|of]uzfnf cflbsf] lj:tf/


/ ;]jfsf] :t/Lotf sfod ul/g] % / tL If]qx?sf] cfjlws
cg'udg ul/g]% .
8=5

cfGtl/s tyf ljZj ahf/df kG%L tyf kG%LhGo j:t'x?sf]


kx"+r a(fpg t'ngfTds nfe / k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf j(fO{g]
gLlt lng]% .

8=6

ef}uf]lns If]q cg';f/ xfjfkfgL ;'xfp+bf] ;DefJo If]qx?df


k|ffl/s pTkfbg (Organic Production) nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]
% .

8=7

kG%LhGo dxfdf/L /f]ux?sf] cfz+sfjf^ kG%LhGo pTkfbgx?sf]


pkef]udf kg{ hfg] c;/ / o;jf^ pTkfbgdf kg]{ k|efjnfO{
Go"lgs/)f ul/g] % .

8=8

kG%LhGo kbfy{sf] pTkfbg ubf{ dfgj :jf:Yo / jftfj/)fdf


gsf/fTds c;/ k'Ug lbO{g] %}g . To:tf] Aoj;flos pBf]u
:yfkgf k"j{ ;fdflhs / jftfj/l)fo k|efj d"Nofs+g ul/g]% .

(= /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLltx?M


9=1 t'ngfTds nfe / ;DefJotfsf] cfwf/df :yfgLo / pGgt
hftsf kG%Lsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ ul/g] % .
9=1=1 k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ePsf If]qx?df Joj;flos :t/df
pGgt kG%Lsf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ug{ k|fT] ;flxt ul/g]
% .
9=1=2 k|ljlw lj:tf/ u/L s[ifsx?nfO{ clek|l] /t ug{ tflnd,
cjnf]sg e|d)f, k|bz{gL cflbdf gljgtd\ ;"rgf tyf
;+rf/ k|ljlwsf] pkof]u ul/g]% .
9=1=3 Joj;foLx?nfO{ Ohfhtkq, ;xdtL, btf{ nufotsf k|so
[ fnfO{
;/nLs[ t

u/L

l%^f]

%l/tf]

;] j f

k| j fx

ul/g] %

9=1=4 kG%LhGo pBf]u Joj;fodf cfjZos kg]{ h}ljs ;fdfu|L,


gZn tyf cGo pTkfbg ;fdfu|Lsf] k|ljlw ljsf; /
cg';Gwfg ul/g] % .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*(

9=1=5 k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ePsf If]qx?df Joj;flos :t/df


pBf]u Joj;fo :yfkgf tyf lj:tf/ ug{ k|f]T;fxg
ul/g]% . kof{Kt k"jf{wf/ ljsf; geO{ ;s]sf] :yfgx?df
jhf/ ;DefJotfsf] cfwf/df :yfgLo hft tyf u|fld)f
kG%LnfO{ ljsf; ul/g]% .
9=1=6

b}lak|sf]k tyf k|lts"n cj:yfaf^ pBf]usf] ;+/If)f


ug{ ljdf sfo{qmd nfu" ug{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g] % .

9=1=7

hg:jf:Yosf] b[li^sf])fn] ;+jb] glzn kG%L/f]usf] dxfdf/L


km}lnPsf] cj:yfdf kG%LnfO{ dfg'{ jf x^fpg' jfx]s
cGo pkrf/sf] Joj:yf gePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf kG%Lx?
gi^ u/L tf] l sPsf] Ifltk' l t{ pknAw u/fOg] % .

9=1=8

ljz]if nfe tyf nf]kf]Gd"v ePsf gZnsf kG%Lx?sf]


;+/If)f, ;+j${g Pj+ ;b'kof]u ug{ k|j${gfTds sfo{qmd
;+rfng ul/g] % .

9=1=9

h+unL kG%Lx? kfngsf xsdf jGohGt' kfng, k|hgg\


tyf cg';Gwfg sfo{gLlt, 2060 / b'n{e jGohGt'
tyf jg:kltx?sf] cGt/fli^<o Aofkf/ lgoGq)f dxf;lGw
(CITES: the Convention on International Trade in
Endangered Species) sf] k|fjwfg leq /xL kfng
ug{ nufOg] % .

9=1=10

kG%LhGo pBf]u Joj;fosf] nflu cfjZos pTkfbg


;fdfu|Lsf] u')f:t/ /fli^<o tyf cGt/fli^<o :t/df
k'Cofpg lgodg tyf k|j${g ug]{ sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L
agfO{g] % .

9=1=11

kG%Lsf] dfp hftL (Parent stock) :jb]zdf g} pTkfbg


ug{ lghL If]qsf] nufgL cfslif{t u/fO{g%
] / Specific
Pathogen Free c)*fsf]

cfoft

qmlds

?kdf

k|lt:yfkg ul/g] % .
9=1=12

kG%L pBf]u Joj;foaf^ jftfj/)f ;+/If)f ug{s


' f] ;fy}
Bio-security k|bfg ug{ tf]lsPsf] dfkb)*sf] cfwf/df
lglZrt If]qnfO{ /f]u d'Qm If]q #f]if)ff ul/g] % .

()

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

9=1=13

s'v'/fsf] ljleGg k|hftLsf] b}ljs %gf}^ -Random


sampling) lalwjf^ cWoog / cg';Gwfg u/L pTkfbg
Ifdtfsf] glthf s[ i fsx?df ;' ; " l rt ul/g] % .

9=1=14

;Ldf kf/Laf^ cfoft x'g] kG%LhGo kbfy{sf] ;fy}


/f]u Aoflw lelqg gkfpgsf] nflu kz' Sjf/]G^fO{gnfO{
;'b[( agfO{g]% .

9=2

kG%L Joj;fo tyf pBf]uu


] ;u+u ;DalGwt pks/)f tyf sRrf
kbfy{s{sf] pTkfbg tyf ljsf; :jb]z]zd} u/L pBf]u]ux?df
nufgL

k| j fx

ug] { ] {

cg' s " n

jftfj/)f

agfO{ g ]

9=2=1 ;/sf/L lgsfo, lghL pBdL, ;+#;+:yf tyf :yfgLo


lgsfosf] ;d]t ;xsfo{df kG%L ahf/ ;"rgf k|)ffnLsf]
:yfkgf tyf ljsf; ul/g] % .
9=2=2 kG%L If]q;u ;DalGWt /f]u k|sf]ksf] cGj]if)f, cg';Gwfg,
;le{nG] ;, lgoGq)f / lg/fs/)f ug{ lghL tyf ;/sf/L
lgsfox?sf] ;dGjodf sfo{ljlw lgwf{/)f u/L ;]jf
^]jf k'Cofpg k|of]uzfnfx?sf] ;'b[l(s/)f ul/g] % .
9=2=3 ;DalGwt Joj;foL, pBdL tyf :yfgLo lgsfox?sf]
;dGjodf kG%L tyf kG%LhGo kbfy{x?sf] ('jfgL tyf
ljqmL

ljt/)f

k| ) ffnLnfO{

Jojl:yt

ul/g]

9=2=4 df;' tyf k'mnsf] juL{s/)f, n]eln~ / u')f:t/ k|dfl)fs/)f


ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfO{g] % .
9=2=5 sRrf kbfy{sf] cfk"lt{ ;xh agfO{ kG%Lkfng Aoj;fosf]
nfut sd ug{ tyf k|lt:kwL{ agfpg :jb]zdf g} pTkfbg
ug{ ;lsg] ds}, e^\df;, ;'od
{ v
' L cfbLsf] s[lif ljefu;+usf]
;dGjodf
9=3

ljz] i f

sfo{ q md

;+ r fng

ul/g] %

kG%L tyf kG%LhGo Joj;fonfO{ pRr k|fyldstf k|fKt s[l[ if


pBf]]usf] dfGotf k|b|bfg ul/g] % / ;f]xL adf]lhd ;'ljwf
k|bfg ul/g]% .

9=4

lghL If]q, ;+#;+:yf / :yfgLo lgsfosf] ;xeflutf /

;dGjodf kG%L Joj;fo If] q df cfjZos k" j f{ w f/ h:t}


s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)
(!

jhf/:yn, jwzfnf, k|zf]wg s]Gb|, k|of]uzfnf cflbsf] lj:tf/


ul/g] % .
9=4=1

ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ePsf If]qx?df Joj;flos


:t/df k'mn, df;' pTkfbg tyf pBf]u Joj;fo
;+rfng ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g] % .

9=4=2

kG%L

tyf

kG%LhGo

kbfy{ s f]

Jofkfl/s

s] G b|

(Commercial Market Centre) / lgof{t k|zf]wg s]Gb|


(Export Processing Zone) If]qut ?kdf :yfkgf ug{
Aofkf/Ls tyf lgof{t k|zf]wg s]Gb| :yfkgfsf] nflu
cfly{s tyf k|flalws ;xof]u pknAw u/fOg]% .
9=4=3

lglZrt dfkb)* tof/ u/L :yfgLo lgsfo nufot


lghL If]qnfO{ awzfnf tyf df;' k|zf]wg pBf]u
:yfkgf ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g] % .

9=5

cfGtl/s tyf ljZj ahf/df kG%L tyf kG%LhGo j:t'x?sf]


kx"+r a(fpg t'ngfTds nfe / k|lt:kwf{T{ds Ifdtf ljsf;
ePsf If]qx?sf] klxrfg u/L kG%Lkfng tyf k|z
| f]wg pBf]u
:yfkgf Pj+ lj:tf/ ul/g]% .

9=6

ef}uf]lns Ifq cg';f/ xfjfkfgL ;'xfp+bf] ;DefJo If]qx?df


k|ffl/s pTkfbg (Organic production) nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]
% .
9=6=1

Joj;flos ?kdf k|f+ufl/s pTkfbg ug]{ Joj;foLnfO{


Joj;flos of]hgfsf] cfwf/df sfo{ljlw agfO{ g]kfn
;/sf/n] tf]s] jdf]lhd cg'bfg pknJw u/fO{g]% .
o:tf] Joj;fosf] k|j${gsf] nflu k|fljlws ;]jf ^]jfsf]
Kofs]h pknJw u/fO{g] % .

9=6=2

/fli^<o tyf cGt/fli^<o ahf/;+u cfj$ ug{ cfjZos


cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg ug]{ / cfw'lgs ahf/ ;"rgf
k@ltsf] pkof]u u/L k|f
+ fl/s pTkfbgsf] jhf/ kx'r
+
a(fOg] % .

(@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

9=7

df;' tyf k'mnsf] u'0f:t/ sfod /fVg, Joj;flos s'v'/fkfng


Pj+ kG5LhGo pBf]unfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{sf] nflu Jofhdf cg'bfg,
pBf]unfO{ cfjZos kg]{ d]lzg/L kf6{k"hf{ tyf pks/0f Pj+
9'jfgLsf ;fwgx?sf] cfoft tyf vl/bdf eG;f/ tyf s/ 5'6,
ljB't dxz'ndf 5'6 ;DjlGw Joj:yf df}h'bf gLlt, P]g lgod
cg';f/ ;fy} jflif{s jh]6 aStAo cg';f/ pknJw ul/g]5 .

!)= ;+:yfut ;+/rgfM


10=1 lghL ;/sf/L ;fem]bf/L (Public Private Partnership) Pj+
;xsf/Lsf] cawf/)ff cg';f/ kG%L Aoj;fo ljsf; ug{
kG%Lkfng

lgb] { z s

;ldlt

u&g

ug{

;lsg]

10=2 kG%Lkfng lgb]z


{ s ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df kG%L gLltdf cfjZostf
cg';f/ ;do ;fk]If kl/dfh{g ug{ ;lsg]% .

!!= cfly{s bfloTjM


11=1 ;/sf/L, lghL If]q ;xsfo{sf] cjwf/)ffdf lgb]{zs ;ldltsf]
u&g x'g] ePsf]n] ;/sf/L If]qdf dfq} bfloTj gkg]{ ul/ lghL
If]qaf^ klg ;ldlt ;+rfngsf] nflu nfut Joxf]l/g] % .
11=2 ;/sf/L If]qaf^ lbOg] ;x'lnotnfO{ aflif{s sfo{qmddf ;dfj]z
u/L

k| b fg

ug] {

x+ ' b f

cl;ldt

bfloTj

>[ h gf

gx' g ]

!@= sfg"gL Joj:yfM


o; gLltdf pNn]lvt clwsf+z k|fjwfg ;/sf/L lg)f{oaf^ sfof{Gjog
ug{ ;lsg]%g\ . ljBdfg bfgf P]g 2033, kz' :jf:Yo tyf kz' ;]jf
P] g , 2055 df ;+ z f] w g u/L k| e fjsf/L sfof{ G jog ul/g] % .

!#= cg'udg tyf d"NofgM


13=1 ;ldltsf] cu|;/tfdf ;Da$ ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;xeflutf
;'lglZrttf x'g] u/L ;xeflutfTds cg'udg tyf d"Nofg
ljlw cjnDag ul/g] %
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

(#

13=2 kz' ;]jf ljefu / cGtu{tsf lgsfox?n] of] gLltsf] sfof{Gjog


tyf cg'udgdf k|ToIf ?kdf ;dGjostf{sf] e"ldsf lgjf{x
ug]{%g\ .
13=3 o; gLltsf] clVtof/ ubf{ /fli^<o s[lif gLlt, 2061 tyf
s[lif Aoj;fo k|a${g gLlt, 2063 ;+u gaflemg] ul/ sfof{Gjog
ul/g] % . aflemPsf] xb;Dd /fli^<o s[lif gLlt, 2061 tyf
s[ l if

Aoj;fo

k| a ${ g

gLlt,

2063

cg' ; f/

g}

x' g ] %

!$= hf]lvdM
o; gLltsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogaf^ jftfj/)f ;+/If)f tyf hg:jf:Yodf
cg's"n k|efj kg]{ x'+bf s'g} hf]lvd a(\g hfg] %}g .

($

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

vs{ gLlt, @)^*


(Rangeland Policy, 2012)

-g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ldltM @)^*!@@*_


!= k[i7e"ld
k|fs[lts r/g If]q, 3fF;] d}bfg Pj+ emf8L j'6\ofg If]q ;d]l6Psf]
vs{* pkof]usf] Oltxf; dfgj ;[li6 / ;Eotfsf] ljsf; ;+u hf]l8Psf]
5 . vs{ :yfgLo ;d'bfosf] hLljsf]kfh{g, /fi6sf] cfly{s ljsf;sf] cfwf/
:tDe / h}ljs ljljwtfsf] e08f/ klg xf] . g]kfnsf] s'n e"efusf] sl/a
@@=^ If]qkmn vs{ If]qn] cf]u6]sf] 5 . h'g pRr, dWo / tNnf] kxf8L
efudf 5l/P/ /x]sf] 5 . h8Lj'6L, jGohGt'sf] jf;:yfg, 3/kfn'jf
hgfj/x?sf] hLjg wfGg] >f]t, gbLgfnfsf] kfgLsf] >f]t, dgf]/d e"b[Zox?sf
;fy} j}1flgs, P]ltxfl;s, wfld{s tyf ;f+:s[lts dxTjsf o:tf If]qx?
cgflbsfn b]lvg} dfgj hLjgofkgsf] cleGg c+zsf] ?kdf /x]sf 5g\ .
uFfp a:tLaf6 6f9f pRr, dWo / tNnf] kxf8sf] r'/I] f]qsf] cf;kf;df /x]sf
o:tf vs{ / logdf cfl>t :yfgLo ;d'bfosf] vl:sbf] ca:yfnfO{ b[li6ut
ub}{ vs{x?sf] j}1flgs Joj:yfkg, ;+/If0f / pkof]u u/L lbuf] ljsf; ug'{
ckl/xfo{ ePsf]n] of] vs{ gLlt @)^* :jLs[t u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf]
5.
@= ljutsf k|of;x?
pRr kxf8L If]qsf vs{df cfl>t ;d'bfonfO{ nlIft u/L ;g\
!(%) df dWodf~rn If]qdf ofs rLh pBf]u :yfkgf ;fy} ;g\ !(%)
tyf !(^) sf] bzsdf ;f]xL If]qdf r/g tyf kz' ljsf; cfof]hgfx?
nfu' ePsf] b]lvG5 . To:t}, ;g\ !(&) tyf !(*) sf] bzsdf r/g tyf
kz' cfxf/f cg';Gwfg kmfd{ /;'jfsf] :yfkgf; DofUbL, d':tf / uf]/vfdf
;+rflnt >f]t ;+/If0f Pj+ pkof]u cfof]hgf, bf]nvf / l;Gw'kfNrf]sdf
;+rflnt r/g ljsf; sfo{qmd, pRr kxf8L If]q nlIft pQ/L e]u r/g
*

vs{ eGgfn] k|fs[lts r/g If]q, 3f;] d}bfg Pj+ emf8L a'6\ofg If]q (shrubland) ;d]tnfO{
j'emfp+b5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

(%

ljsf; sfo{qmd, ljut !% aif{ b]lv ;+rfngdf /x]sf] kxf8L sj'lnotL jg


tyf kz' ljsf; sfo{qmd, ;f]n'v'Dj'sf] 6fsl;Gb'df :yfkgf ePsf] lrh
pBf]u / :ofjf]rs
] f] kz' ljsf; kmfd{jf6 ;d]t vs{ ljsf;df s]xL of]ubfg
k'u]sf] 5 .
h}ljs ljljwtf dxf;lGw (Convention on Biological Diversity,
1992) cg'?k th'd
{ f ul/Psf] /fli6o h}ljs ljljwtf /0fgLlt, @)%( (NBS,
2002), g]kfnsf] h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f / pkof]u Pj+ vs{sf] lbuf]
ljsf; ;d]l6Psf] b:tfj]h xf] . ;f]xL /0fgLltsf] cfwf/df tof/ ePsf]
/fli6o h}ljs ljljwtf /0fgLlt sfof{Gjog of]hgf, @)^# n] klg vs{
gLltsf] th'{df Pj+ sfof{GjognfO{ k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 . g]kfn kIf /x]sf]
pQm dxf;lGw / g]kfn ;/sf/f/f sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] /fli6o s[lif
gLlt, @)^!, s[lif Joj;fo k|j4{g gLlt, @)^# / s[lif h}ljs ljljwtf
gLlt, @)^# n] vfB tyf s[lifhGo cfg'jf+lzs >f]t, kbfy{ tyf :yfgLo
1fg, ;Lk cflbsf] ;+/If0f, pkof]u / nfesf] Gofof]lrt jfF8kmfF8 u/L jt{dfg
/ eflj k':tfsf] vfB ;'/Iff Pj+ ul/jL Go"gLs/0f ug]{ kl/sNkgf u/]sf]
5 . hl8a'6L Pj+ u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ ljsf; gLlt, @)^! n] klg vs{hGo
hl8j'6L / u}/sfi7 jg k}bfj/sf] lbuf] Joj:yfkgsf] ljljw kIfx? ;d]6sf]
5 . r/g vs{x?nfO{ lsk6, d'lvof, tfn'sbf/sf] lgoGq0fjf6 d'Qm u/L
:yfgLo lgsfox? dfkm{t kz'x?sf] rl/r/gsf nflu dfq k|of]u ug]{ Joj:yf
r/g vs{ /fli6os/0f P]g @)#) df ul/Ptf klg b]zsf s]xL efudf lsk6
k|yf oBkL /lx/x]sf] b]lvG5 . o; P]gn] :yfgLo ufpF ljsf; ;ldltx?nfO{
r/g If] q sf] ;+ / If0f Pj+ ;+ j 4{ g sf] lhDd] j f/L ;d] t lbPsf] 5 .
#= jt{dfg l:ylt
s'n ## nfv x]S6/ vs{ dWo] sl/j *) k|ltzt vs{ pRr kxf8L
tyf lxdfnL If]qdf g} /x]sf] 5 (NBS, 2002) . To;df klg clwsf+z vs{
dWoklZrdf~rn tyf klZrdf~rn If]qdf /x]sf] kfO{G5 . b]z leqsf
;+/lIft If]q* x?df /x]sf] s'n vs{sf] s/Lj @& k|ltzt (NBS, 2002)
e"efu ;d]t lgs'~h cf;kf;sf ;d'bfo, cJojl:yt r/Lr/g / j9bf]
ko{6g Joj;fosf] sf/0f hf]lvddf 5 . r/g k|of]hgsf ;fy} vs{x? xhf/f}
hLjhGt', jg:ktL, hl8j'6L cflb h}ljs ljljlwtfsf e08f/ klg x'g\ . of]
;+/lIft If]q eGgfn] /fli6o lgs'~h, aGohGt' cf/If, l;sf/ cf/If, ;+/If0f If]q / dWoatL{
If]qnfO{ hgfFpb5 .

(^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

If]qdf of;f{uD' jf h:tf ax'dN' o hl8j'6L kfOg] x'bF f ;do ;dodf :jfldTj
/ Aoj:yfkg ljjfbsf sf/0f dfgjLo Iflt ;d]t x'g] u/]sf] 5 . ljifd
ef}uf]lns cjl:ylt, sdhf]/ Joj:yfkg, dflg; tyf kz'x?sf] j9\bf] rfksf
sf/0f vs{x?sf] cj:yf lbgfg'lbg v:s+bf] 5 .
vs{x?df pTkfbg x'g] 3fF; dWo] s]jn #& k|ltzt dfq} kz'x?n]
pkof]u ug{ kfPsf 5g\ . vs{x?sf] cj:yf x]/L 3fF;sf] pTkfbg )=^% b]lv
#=^) d]=6g= ;'Vvf kbfy{ k|lt x]S6/ k|lt aif{ /x]sf] 5 . n]sfnL jfx]s c?
;j} vs{x?df kz'x?sf] cTolws rfk /x]sf] cWoogjf6 k'li6 eO{;s]sf]
5 . :yfgLo ;d'bfox?n] cfkm\gf kz'x? vs{x?df ;fd"lxs ?kdf r/Lr/g
u/fpg] u/] klg vs{x?sf] :jfldTj ;/sf/df /x]sf] t/ pkef]Qmf :yfgLo
;d'bfoaf6 x'g] u/]sf]n] vs{ Joj:yfkgsf] cGof}n sfod} 5 . kz'x?sf]
r/Lr/g jfkt rsf] { z' N s lnOg] u/] s f] klg kfOPsf] 5 .
$= ;d:of tyf r"gf}tLx?
j9\bf] hg;+Vof, e"Ifo, cJojl:yt r/Lr/g, 89]nf] / vf]/Lof
kmF8fgLsf sf/0f vf; u/L lxdfnL If]qdf cjl:yt h}ljs ljljwtfdf lgs}
Iflt k'us
] f] 5 eg] vs{x?sf] If]qkmn tyf pTkfbg klg qmlds ?kdf 36\b}
uPsf] 5 . vs{ Joj:yfkgdf k/Dk/fut ;+:yf, ljlw / tf}/ tl/sfx? dfl;+b}
uPsf] tyf j}1flgs ljlw / k|so[ f cjnDjg geO{;s]sf] cj:yfdf tLgsf]
lbuf] Joj:yfkg lgs} r"gf}tLk"0f{ b]lvPsf] 5 . ;+:yfut ;~hfn Pj+ vs{
;DjlGw cg';Gwfg tyf bIftfsf] cefj, vs{ ljsf; tyf Joj:yfkgdf
x'g] u/]sf] ckof{Kt cfly{s nufgL, ef}uf]lns ljs6tf / ckof{Kt hgzQmL]
cflb sf/0fn] ubf{ klg vs{ ljsf; tyf Joj:yfkgn] ult lng ;s]sf]
5}g . ;fy} hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf sf/0f ljZj tfkdfgsf] j[l4jf6 eO{/x]sf]
c;/af6 vs{x?sf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTjdf x|f; cfPsf] 5 . ;fy} u|fld0f
a;f]af; glhs ;fj{hlgs 3fF;] d}bfg jf r/Lr/g If]q clt r/Lr/0f,
rf}tkmL{ cltqmd0f, / ldrfxf (invasive) jf rfxgf gePsf k|hftL km}nfj6
klg ;d:ofsf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . vs{x?sf] ljifd cjl:ylt, vs{ Joj:yfkgsf
nflu >f]t cefj, vs{hGo >f]t*x?sf] clgolGqt bf]xg, k|0ffnL (Ecosystem)
;d]tnfO{ j'emfp+b5 . vs{x?sf] Aoa:yfkg :jfldTjsf] c:k6tf, vs{
Joj:yfkg ;DjlGw k|ljlw ljsf; tyf k|;f/sf] l;ldttf, vs{ ljsf;
*

vs{hGo >f]t eGgfn] ;fdfGotof vs{x?df ePsf 3f+;, hl8j'6L, u}/sfi6 jg k}bfjf/, hn>f]t,
hLjhGt'x? / kl/l:yltlso

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

(&

/fli6o k|fyldstfdf gkg',{ vs{ ljsf;df ;Dj4 ;d'bfo Pj+ ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf]


;+:yfut ;~hfnsf] cefj cflb vs{ Joj:yfkgsf r'gf}tLx? x'g\ .
%= gofF gLltsf] cfjZostf
pRr tyf dWo kxf8L If]qsf] hLljsf]kfh{gsf] cfwf/ kz'kfng /
kz'kfngsf] cfwf/ g} vs{ /x]sf]n] vs{sf] plrt Joj:yfkgaf6 To; If]qsf
jfl;Gbfsf] hLljsf]kfh{g tyf vfB ;'/Iffdf ;'wf/ Nofpg, a;fO{ ;/fO{sf]
qmd Pj+ hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] c;/ Go"gLs/0fdf ;d]t ;xof]u k'Ug]
b]lvG5 . t/ klg gLltsf] cefjsf sf/0f ;f] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . vs{x?df
/x]sf k|fs[lts hl8j'6L tyf cGo u}/sfi7hGo ;|ft] x?sf] clgolGqt bf]xg
Pj+ cJojl:yt kz' r/Lr/gsf sf/0f vs{x?sf] pTkfbsTj tyf vs{hGo
h}ljs ljljwtfdf cfPsf] x|f; sd ug{, jftfj/0f ljgf; / hnjfo'
kl/jt{gsf] k|efj Go"gLs/0fdf ;xof]u k'ofpg, vs{x?n] sfj{g ;+lrtLs/0f
(Carbon sequestration) df k' ofPsf] of] u bfgsf] d" N ofg ug{ ,
pBdlzntfsf] ljsf; u/L ko{6g k|j4{g ug{, vs{hGo >f]tdf cfwfl/t
pBdx?sf] ljsf; ug{, k/Dk/fut 1fg, l;k, k|ljlw tyf cfg'jf+lzs ;|ft] sf]
plrt ;+/If0f ug]{ sfo{nfO{ :ki6 lbzf lgb]z
{ ug{ vs{ gLltsf] cfjZostf
dx;'; u/LPsf] xf] .
^= b[li6sf]0f (Vision)
vs{x?df cfl>t ;d'bfosf] lhljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ NofO{ /fli6o
cy{tGqdf of]ubfg k'ofpg] .
&= kl/b[Zo (Mission)
kof{j/0f ;+/If0f / vs{x?df cfl>t ;d'bfosf] hLljsf]kfh{gdf
;'wf/ Nofpg vs{x?sf] lbuf] ;+/If0f / k|j4{g ug]{ .
*= nIo (Goal)
vs{x?sf] lbuf] Joj:yfkgsf] nflu ;d'bfosf] ;xeflutfdf k/Dk/fut
1fg, k|ljlw / ;Lksf] pkof]u ub}{ jftfj/0f d}qL k|ljlwx? ckgfO{ j}1flgs
ljlw / Joj:yfkg k4lt cjnDjg ug]{ .
(*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

(= p2]Zox? (Objectives)
(=! vs{x?sf] :t/f]Gglt u/L pTkfbsTj j[l4 ug]{ .
(=@ vs{df cfwfl/t pBd Joj;fox?sf] ljsf; Pj+ lj:tf/ ug]{ .
(=# vs{x?sf] h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, ;Djw{g Pj+ lbuf] /
j}1flgs pkof]u u/L] kof{j/0fLo ;Gt'ng sfod ug{ ;xof]u
k'ofpg] .
!)= gLlt
!)=! vs{x?sf] :t/f]Gglt u/L pTkfbsTj j[l4 ug]{] M
!)=!=! vs{x?sf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g tyf pkof]usf] clwsf/ Pj+
lhDd]jf/L :yfgLo ;d'bfonfO{ k|bfg ug{ cfjZos sfg"gL
Joj:yf ug]{ .
!)=!=@ vs{sf] u'0f:t/df x|f; cfpg glbg pTkfbg :t/ Pj+
Ifdtf cg' ; f/ rl/r/g ug{ ] { Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
!)=!=# ;+/lIft If]qx? nufotsf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?;+u ;dGjo
u/L r/g ljsf; tyf vs{ Joj:yfkg sfo{ Jojl:yt ug]{ .
!)=!=$ ;fd'bflos jg If]q leq k/Dk/fut ?kdf r/g If]qsf]
?kdf pkof]u x'+b} cfPsf vs{x?df kz'kfns s[ifsx?n]
k| o f] u ub} { cfO{ / x] s f ;' l jwfx?sf] ;+ / If0f ug] { .
!)=!=% cGt/fli6o, /fli6o, tyf :yfgLo :t/df ljsl;t k|lalwx?sf]
vf] h L u/L ;f] s f] k| o f] u ug] { Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
!)=!=^ vs{ If]qdf lgoldt cWoog cg';GwfgnfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{
vs{hGo ;|f]tx?;+u ;DjlGwt k|ljlw ljsf; / k/LIf0fdf
hf]8 lbg] .
!)=!=& :yfgLo If]qdf sfo{/t s[lif, kz'kfng, ag / ;DjlGwt
cGo pkef]Qmf ;d'xx?sf] ;xeflutfdf vs{x?sf] k"jf{wf/
ljsf; ug]{ .
!)=!=* l5d]sL d'ns
' x?;+usf] ljBdfg r/g ;Demf}tfsf] gljs/0f
k| s [ o fnfO{ ;/nLs[ t ug] { Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

((

!)=!=( lxp+bF tyf ;'Vvf ofddf x'g] kz' cfxf/fsf] cefj Go"lgs/0f
ug{ aiff{tsf] ;dodf pknAw xl/of] 3Ff;sf] ;+sng /
;+/If0f ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
!)=!=!) h8La'6L Pj+ u}/sfi6 jg k}bfjf/sf] pknAwtfsf] cWoog
u/L s'g} vf; vs{ If]qnfO{ h8La'6L If]q tf]Sg] / To:tf
h8La'6Lsf] ljsf;, Aoj:yfkg / ;+/If0f ;DaGwL sfo{qmdx?
:yfgLo lgsfo, ;d'bfo tyf cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf]
;xeflutfdf ;3g ?kdf ;+rfng ug]{ .
!)=!=!! 3fF;sf] aLp, kz'hGo kbfy{x?, h8La'6L / u}/sfi7 jg
k}bfjf/ cflbsf] pTkfbg, ;+sng / k|zf]wg af/] pTkfbs
tyf pkef]Qmf nufot cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] r]tgf
clej[l4 ug]{ .
!)=!=!@ le/fnf] ;txdf /x]sf vs{x?df x'g] u/]sf] e"Ifo lgoGq0f
ug{ pko'Qm k|ljlw cjnDjg ug]{ .
!)=!=!# e"pkof]u gSzfsf] cfwf/df ljBdfg vs{x?sf] If]qkmn
tyf pTkfbsTj PsLg ug'{sf ;fy} vs{ ljsf; tyf
Joj:yfkg of]hgf jgfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ .
!)=!=!$ k|fs[lts k|sf]k -89]nf], ;'Vvf, jf9L, klx/f], lxdkft cflb_
af6 vs{ tyf To;df cfl>t Joj;fodf x'g] hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f
ug] { tyf Iflt ePdf /fxtsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
!)=@ vs{df cfwfl/t pBd Joj;fox?sf] ljsf; Pj+ lj:tf/ ug]{M
!)=@=! vs{hGo pTkfbgx?sf] :yfgLo :t/df g} pBd k|j4{g /
d"No clej[l4 (Value addition) ug{ tyf vs{df cfwfl/t
pTkfbgx?sf] lgsf;L j[l4 ug{ k"j{fwf/x?sf] ljsf; tyf
;d'bfosf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ . vs{hGo pTkfbgnfO{ d"No
>+v
[ nf (Value Chain) ;+u cfj4 u/fO{ k|ffl/s j:t'x?sf]
pTkfbgnfO{ j9fjf lbg] .
!)=@=@ e/kbf]{ ahf/ ;"rgf k|0ffnL Pj+ vs{ ;Dj4 Joj;foL tyf
;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;~hfn dfkm{t vs{hGo pTkfbgx?sf]
ahf/ ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ug]{ .
!))

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)=@=# vs{df cfl>t ;d'bfosf] hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ Nofpg


lzIff, :jf:Yo, vfg]kfgL h:tf ;;fgf k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf
nflu ;d'bfosf] cu|;/tfdf vs{ ljsf;sf sfo{qmdx?
;+rfng ug{ ;xof]u ug]{ . o;sf] nflu vs{ ljsf; tyf
/fxt sf]ifsf] :yfkgf ug]{ .
!)=@=$ lglZrt vs{x?df gd'gf ko{6g :ynx? ljsf; u/L :yfgLo
pTkfbgdf cfwfl/t kof{ko{6g (Eco-tourism) k|j4{g ug]{ .
kof{ko{6gsf] k|j4{g ubf{ :yfgLo hg;d'bfo Pj+ ljkGg
ju{nfO{ kmfO{bf k'Ug] u/L ul/g] .
!)=@=% jf:tljs pkef]QmfnfO{ g} vs{sf] Joj:yfkg -;+/If0f, pTkfbg,
;b' k of] u _ sf] lhDdf nufpg] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
!)=@=^ pRr kxf8L tyf lxdfnL If]qdf kz'kfng / r/g vs{
Joj:yfkg ;DjlGw sfo{ q mdnfO{ /fHosf ;DalGwt
lgsfox?af6 ljz]if k|fyldstf lbO{ ;+rfng ug]{ .
!)=@=& vs{hGo pTkfbgdf cfwfl/t pBf]ux?sf] k|j4{g u/L pRr
d'No kg]{ df}lns pTkfbgx? h:t} ofs lrh, h8La'6L,
pmg, klZdgf cflbsf] k|j4{g ug]{ .
!)=@=* vs{ ljsf; tyf Joj:yfkg ;DjGwL bIf hgzlQm ljsf;
ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
!)=@=( vs{hGo >f]tx?af6 clwstd nfe lng ljb]zL ;+3
;+:yfx?;+u ;dGjo u/L cGj]if0ffTds ;e]{If0f (Bioprospecting) ug]{ . o:tf] ;e]{If0faf6 g]kfnsf h}ljs
;|ft] sf] cGt/fli6o ahf/df Aoj;foLs/0f x'g ;Sg] ePdf
/fi6nfO{ clwstd nfe x'g] u/L Aoj:yf ldnfpg] .
!)=@=!) vs{df cfwfl/t Joj;flos pBdnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{
Joj;foLx?nfO{ sj'lnotdf vs{ pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf
ldnfpg] .
!)=@=!! j}slNks phf{sf] e/kbf]{ Joj:yf ldnfO{ vs{hGo pTkfbgx?df
cfwfl/t pBd Joj;fox?sf] ljsf; Pj+ lj:tf/ ug]{ .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)!

!)=# vs{x?sf] h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, ;Djw{g Pj+ lbuf] / j}1flgs

pkof]u u/L kof{j/0fLo ;Gt'n'ng sfod ug{ ;xof]u k'ofpg] M


!)=#=! vs{x?df kfO{g] :yfgLo hl8j'6L, 3fF;kft nufotsf
jg:kltx?, jGohGt', :yfgLo ;Lk, cEof;, k|ljlw /
pTkfbgx?sf] ;+/If0f Pj+ ;+j4{g ug]{ .
!)=#=@ vs{x?sf] h}ljs laljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g tyf k|fs[lts
>f]t / ;fwgsf] ;d'lrt tyf lbuf] pkof]usf] Joj:yf
ldnfpg] / To:tf j:t'x?nfO{ jf}l4s ;DklQ clwsf/
sfg'gsf] kl/lw leq NofO{ ltgLx?sf] ;+/If0fnfO{ j9fjf
lbg] .
!)=#=#

vs{df /x]sf h}ljs laljwtf / cfg'jf+lzs leGgtfsf]


cWoog u/L ;f]sf] clen]v tof/ kfg]{ tyf lgoldt ?kdf
cWofjlws ub}{ nUg] .

!)=#=$ vs{x?df ljBdfg l;d;f/x?sf] ;+/If0f u/L lbuf] pkof]usf]


Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
!)=#=% :j-:yfgLo -In-situ_ / k/-:yfgLo (Ex-situ) b'j} k4ltf/f
b'n{e tyf nf]kf]Gd'v vs{hGo >f]tx?sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ .
!)=#=^ ;+/lIft If]q cf;kf;sf ;d'bfox?nfO{ cfo cfh{gsf
j}slNks pkfox? cjnDjg ug{ ;xof]u k'ofO{ ;f] If]qdf
e"ld dfly x'g] rfknfO{ sd ug]{ .
!)=#=& vs{x?n] sfj{g ;+lrtLs/0fdf k'ofPsf] of]ubfgjf/] cg';Gwfg
u/L To;sf] k/L0ffdnfO{ sfof{ G jogdf Nofpg] .
!)=#=* vs{x?n] b]zsf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf kof{j/0fLo If]qdf
k'ofPsf] of]ubfgx? jf/] cg';Gwfg ug{ /fli6o tyf cGt/fli6o
k| l ti7fg ;+ u ;dGjo ul/ sfof{ G jogdf Nofpg] .
!)=#=( o; If]qdf cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg stf{nfO{ k|fT] ;flxt ug{
rl/r/g If]qdf jftfj/0f k|d] L (Eco-friendly) cf>o:yn
Joj:yfkg ug{ lglh If] q nfO{ ;xeflu u/fpg] .
!)@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!!= /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLlt M


!!=!

7"nf] lxdkft, lxd klx/f], cfunfuL h:tf k|fs[lts ljklQsf]


sf/0f vs{, vs{hGo >f]t Pj+ ;f] df cfl>t ;d'bfox?df
cfO{kg]{ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf nflu cfjZos sfo{qmd ug{] .
gf]S;fgLsf] kl/df0fsf] cfwf/df lhNnf b}jL k|sf]k ;ldltjf6
Ifltk"lt{ k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] . hf]lvddf /x]sf
kz'wgsf] ;'/Iffy{ /fxt k'ofpg :yfgLo ;d'bfo tyf ;+3
;+:yfx?sf] cu|;/tfdf 'Fodder Bank*' :yfkgf u/L
kl/rfngsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .

!!=@

l5d]sL d'n'ssf ;Ldf If]qsf k|zf;sx?;+u lgoldt


5nkmn u/L vs{ ;+u ;DjlGwt ;d:ofx? ;dfwfg ug]{
Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

!!=#

;+/lIft If]q nufot cGo If]qx?df ;+rflnt ko{6g, hl8j'6L


;+sng, kbofqf -6]ls_ cflb Joj;fojf6 p7fO{g] u/]sf]
z'Ns / :yfgLo tyf s]Gb| ;/sf/ Pj+ bft[ lgsfox?jf6
k|fKt ;xof]u vs{ ljsf; tyf /fxt sf]ifdf hDdf ug]{
Joj:yf ldnfpg] . sf]if ;+rfng lgb]{lzsf tof/ u/L
lgb]{lzsf cg'?k pQm sf]if k/Lrfng ug{] .

!!=$

;d'bfosf] cu|;/tfdf vs{ ljsf; u/L vs{hGo pTkfbgjf6


pRrtd ;fd'lxs nfe xfl;n ug{ s[ifs ;d'x;xsf/L
;+:yfsf] :yfkgf / ljsf;nfO{ k|f]T;fxg / k|j4{g ug]{ .
o:tf ;+:yfx?NffO{ ljQLo ;+:yfx? dfkm{t ;'ne ?kdf
shf{ k|jfx ug]{ Aoj:yf ldnfpg] .

!!=%

;fd'bflos Pj+ sa'lnotL jgIf]q leq vs{ ljsf;nfO{


a9fjf lbg jg sfo{ of]hgfdf vs{ Aoj:yfkgnfO{ ;dfj]z
ug]{ / ;DalGwt jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xx?nfO{ cfjZos
k| f ljlws 1fg, ;Lk, tfnLd pknAw u/fpg] .

!!=^

vs{hGo pTkfbg, ;+sng, pkof]u Pj+ Aoj:yfkg sfo{df


ljBdfg k/Dk/fut k4lt / k|ljlwx?df ;fdlos ;'wf/

Fodder Bank eGgfn] e"O{ 3fF;, 8fn] 3fF;, x], k/fn, o"/Lof, df]nf;]; Jns (UMB) sf]
;+lrltnfO{ hgfp+b5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)
!)#
*

ug'{sf] ;fy} cfw'lgs k|ljlwsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/df hf]8


lbg] .

!)$

!!=&

jGohGt' Pj+ 3/kfn'jf hgfj/x?sf] ;femf / k/Dk/fut


rl/r/gsf sf/0f r/gdf x'g] k|lt:kwf{nfO{ Go"g ug{
vs{x?sf] Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df kz' 3gTj (Stocking
Density) lgwf{/0f ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

!!=*

:yfgLo lgsfo Pj+ ;d'bfosf] ;xeflutfdf r/g vs{x?df


cfjZos ef}lts k"jf{wf/ -3f]/6] f], uf]/6] f], lkpg] kfgL, cf>o
:yn cflb_ sf] Joj:yf ug]{ .

!!=(

g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb, jg cg';Gwfg tyf ;e]I{ f0f


ljefu, ag:klt laefu Pj+ ;DjlGwt /fli6o Pj+ cGt/fli6o
z}lIfs ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] ;xof]udf vs{ ;DjlGw cg';Gwfg
hf/L /fVg] .

!!=!)

:yfgLo :t/df pknAw kf]lifnf] 3fF;kftx?sf] ljh j[l4


Pj+ g;{/L :yfkgfdf ;xof]u k'ofO{ k'gM/f]k0f tyf Aoj:yfkg
ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] . ;fy} rl/r/g Pj+ 3fF; pTkfbgdf
;xof]u k'ofpg 3fF;sf] ljp pTkfbg, ;+/If0f, ;+sng,
e08f/0f, ljt/0f / k'gM/f]k0f ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

!!=!!

vs{df cfl>t ;d'bfosf] nflu j}slNks phf{sf] e/kbf]{ Joj:yf


ldnfpg :yfg ljz]ifsf] ;+efJotfsf] cfwf/df ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;Fu
;dGjo u/L cg'bfgsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

!!=!@

vs{ tyf vs{hGo pTkfbgx?sf] af/]df /fli6o tyf


cGt/f{li6o :t/df lrgf/L u/fpg ljb]zl:yt s"6gLlts
lgof]ux? Jofkfl/s ;+3 ;+u7gx?, /fli6o tyf cGt/f{li6o
u}x| ;/sf/L ;+:yf ;d]tsf] ;xof]udf k|rf/ k|;f/ ug]{
Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

!!=!#

:yfgLo ;d'bfo tyf :yfgLo lgsfosf] Ifdtf clej[l4


u/L vs{hGo pTkfbgx?sf] k|j4{g Pj+ ahf/Ls/0fdf ;+nUg
u/fpg] .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!!=!$

;"rgf s]Gb|x?sf] ;~hfn v8f u/L vs{;+u ;DjlGwt


/fli6o Pj+ cGt/f{li6o ;"rgfx? pTkfbs, ;+sngstf{,
k|zf]wgstf{ tyf lgof{tstf{x?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg] .

!!=!%

k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhd vs{hGo pTkfbgx?sf] k|df0fLs/0fsf]


pko'Qm Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

!!=!^

vs{ ljsf; tyf vs{hGo >f]tx?sf] pTkfbg, ;+sng,


k|zf]wg / ahf/ Aoj:yfkgsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ bIf Pj+
k|fljlws hgzlQmsf] ;xh / e/kbf]{ cfk"lt{sf] Aoj:yf
ldnfpg] .

!!=!&

vs{ hUufsf] PsLg ul/ hUuf -gfk hFfr_ P]g, @)!( jdf]lhd
lsQf gfkL ul/ vs{x?sf] clen]v Jojl:yt ug]{ / go+Ff
vs{ x ?df kx+ ' r a9fO{ pkof] u sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

!!=!*

u|fdL0f ko{6g k|j4{g, kfs{ :yfkgf / Aoj:yfkg, xf]6n


tyf kbofqfdfu{sf] lasf; / Aoj:yfkg u/L vs{df
cfwfl/t ko{6g lasf;df hf]8 lbg] .

!!=!(

3fF;kft / jg:kltsf] h}ljs ljljwtf Pj+ kl/l:yltsLo


k|0ffnL (Ecosystem) pTkfbsTj cWoogsf nflu b]zsf
ljleGg ef}uf]lns If]qdf :yfoL k|bz{g :ynx? :yfkgf
ug{] .

!!=@)

cGt/fli6o ahf/ nlIft un}+rf Pj+ Rof+u|f klZdgfsf]


Jofkf/nfO{ j9fjf lbg pko'Qm If]qx?df ljz]if e]8f tyf
Rof+Fu|fkfng sfo{qmd cGtu{t r/g Joj:yfkgnfO{ ug]{ .

!!=@!

kz'kfng, ;fgf pBd ;+rfng Pj+ r/g ljsf; ug{ O{R5's


:yfgLo ;d'bfosf] nflu k|f/lDes r/0fsf] nflu cg'bfgdf
k|hggsf nflu efn], pBd ;+rfngsf nflu ;'ne ?kdf
C0f k|jfx Pj+ lgMz'Ns ?kdf 3fF;sf] jLp / k|fljlws ;]jf
6]jf k'ofpg] .

!!=@@

vs{df cfwfl/t ko{6g k|j4gsf] nflu vs{df cfl>t


;d'bfosf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ub}{ vs{hGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg,
;+ s ng, e08f/0f / jhfl/s/0fdf 6] j f k' ofpg] .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)%

!)^

!!=@#

kz' rl/r/0fnfO{ Jojl:yt u/L -3'DtL k|0ffnL, j9'jf k|0ffnL


/ ldl>t kz'kfng k|0ffnL_ vs{sf] pTkfbsTjdf x|f;
cfpg glbg] . vs{sf] k|of]u jfkt z'Ns nufpg] . vs{df
cfl>t cg' T kfbs kz' x ?sf] ;+ V of qmdzM sd u/L
pTkfbglzn kz'kfngdf hf]8 lbg] .

!!=@$

pkef]Stf Pj+ ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;xeflutfdf vs{x?sf] h}ljs


ljljwtf ;+/If0f ug]{ ;fy} jfXo k|hfltx? leq\ofp+bf s'g}
;fgf] If]qdf k/LIf0f u/L ;kmn If]qdf dfq leqfpg] .

!!=@%

vs{sf] lgoldt Joj:yfkg dfkm{t ldrfxf k|hfltsf


jg:kltx? lgoGq0f ub}{ nUg] .

!!=@^

jx'dN" o vs{hGo pTkfbgx?sf] Germplasm Gene Bank


df ;+/If0f Pj+ In-situ / Exsitu Conservation ug]{ .
;fy} To:tf v
+ s{hGo pTkfbgx?sf] Intellectual Property
Right/ Patent Rights ;'lglZrt ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

!!=@&

g]kfndf pknAw h8La'6Lx?sf] j}1flgs v]tL], e08f/0f,


k|zf]wg, ;Da]i6g -Packaging_ / ;f/tTj lgsfNg] Extraction_ h:tf sfo{x? u/L d"No clej[l4 ug]{ sfo{nfO{
k|f]T;flxt ug{] . o:tf sfo{x?df :yfgLo:t/d} n3' Pj+
dWodvfnsf pBdx?sf] ljsf;df hf]8 lbg] / g]kfn
;/sf/n] o:tf sfo{x?sf] nflu cfjZos k|fljlws Pj+
cfly{s ;xfotf pknAw u/fpg] .

!!=@*

vs{x?df k|r/' dfqfdf ljBdfg cfg'jl+ zs ;|ft] -Genetic


resources_ / cfg'j+lzs kbfy{ -Genetic materials_
x?dfly sfg"gL ?kd} xs clwsf/ :yflkt ug{ / ltgLx?sf]
pkof]uaf6 k|fKt x'g] nfesf] Gofof]lrt afF8kmfF8sf] k|lqmofnfO{
Aojl:yt t'Nofpg cfg'jf+ lzs ;|ft] -kx'r
F , pkof]u, nfesf]
afF8kmfF8_ P]g :jLs[tL u/L sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg] . ;fy}
vs{hGo >f]tx? / ;f] ;+u ;DalGwt k/Dk/fut 1fg, ;Lk,
vf]h, k|ljlw / cEof; pk/ ;DalGwt JolQm, ;d'bfo jf
/fHosf] af}l4s clwsf/ :yflkt x'g] u/L cfjZos sfg"g
th'd{ f u/L nfu" ug]{ . To:tf k/Dk/fut\ 1fg, ;Lk, cEof;
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cflbsf] k~hLs/0f u/L g]kfnsf cfg'jf+lzs ;Dkbfx?sf]


;+/If0fdf ;xof]u k'ofpg] .
!!=@(

vs{ ljsf;sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;/sf/L, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+3


;+:yf Pj+ ;d'bfox?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ cfjZos
sfo{s|dx? ;+rfng ug]{ .

!!=#)

hgr]tgfsf sfo{qmdx? dfkm{t vs{, vs{hGo pTkfbg,


ljleGg jg:kltx? ;DjlGw Pj+ h}ljs ljljwtfaf/]
;j{ ; fwf/0fnfO{ ;' ; " l rt ug] { Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

!!=#!

vs{x?df ljBdfg kfgL d'xfg ;+/If0f tyf ;'wf/ ug]{ /


vs{x?df /x]sf l;d;f/x?sf] plrt Joj:yfkg ug]{ .

!!=#@

xfn ;+rfngdf /x]sf vs{ If]q / eljiodf ;DefJo vs{


If]q ;d]tsf] lsl;d, jgf]6 / jGg] >f]tsf] n]vfhf]vfsf]
cfwf/df vs{ If]q lgwf{/0f ul/ rl/r/gsf nflu cg'dlt
lbg] .

!!=##

vs{ If]qnfO{ e"pkof]lutfe":jfldTjsf cfwf/df jlu{s/0f


ul/ jlu{s[t ;+/rgfdf Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL ckgfO{g] .

!@= ;+:yfut ;+/rgf


vs{ Joj:yfkg;+u ;DjlGwt lgsfox?;+u ;dGjo sfod u/L
gLltnfO{ k|efjsf/L ?kdf sfof{Gjog ug{ ;xof]u k'ofpg] p2]Zon] b]xfo
cg';f/sf] ;+:yfut ;+/rgfx?sf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . gLltsf] sfof{Gjogsf]
qmddf sfo{ljlw, lgb]{lzsf tof/L tyf k/Ldfh{g ug]{ lhDd]jf/L lgb]{zs
;ldlt / Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] x'g5
] . vs{ ljsf;sf sfo{qmdx? sfof{Gjog
ug{ :yfgLo:t/ jf ;d'bfo:t/sf vs{ lasf; ;ldlt v8f ug{ ;lsg]5 .
To:t} Ps eGbf al9 lhNnfx? ;+nUg x'g] vs{x?sf] xsdf If]qLo :t/df
cfjZostf cg';f/ ;dGjo ;ldlt u7g ug{ ;lsg] 5 . lhNnf ;dGjo
;ldltn] :YffgLo:t/df ePsf ;DjlGwt cGo ;/sf/Lu}x;
| /sf/L ;+:yfsf
k| d ' v jf k| l tlglwnfO{ cfdlGqt ;b:osf] ?kdf /fVg ;Sg] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)&

lgb]{zs ;ldlt
dfggLo ;b:o, s[lif tyf jg, /fli6o of]hgf cfof]u

;+of]hs

;lrj, jg tyf e"-;+/If0f dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, jftfj/0f dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, ko{6g tyf gful/s pog dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, cy{ dGqfno

;b:o

cWoIf, g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3

;b:o

cWoIf, ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf dxf;+3

;b:o

s[ifs k|ltlglw, -vs{ ;+u ;DjlGwt !hgf dlxnf ;lxt @ hgf_ ;b:o
dxflgb]{zs, kz' ;]jf ljefu
lgb]{zs ;ldltsf] sfo{ If]q

;b:o ;lrj

vs{ Joj:yfkg;+u ;DjlGwt lgsfox?;+u ;dGjo ug]{ .

vs{ ;+/If0f tyf pkof]usf] nflu l5d]sL d'n'sx?;+u ePsf ;lGw


;+emf}tfx?nfO{ sfof{Gjog tyf gljs/0f ug{ cfjZos ;dGjo / ;xsfo{
ug{] .

vs{ gLlt sfof{Gjog ug{ gLlt, P]g, lgoddf ;do ;fk]IfLs k/Ldfh{gsf]
nflu l;kmfl/; ug{] .

Aoj:yfkg ;ldltaf6 k|fKt k|ultsf] ;dLIff u/L cfaZos lgb]{zg lbg] .

vs{ Aoj:yfkg;+u ;DalGw lqmofsnfkx? ;+rfngsf] nflu cfjZos


>f]t Aoj:yfkg ug{ ;dGjo ug]{ .

lgb]{zg ;ldltsf] a}7s slDtdf aif{sf] tLg k6s a:g] .

cGo cfO{ kg]{ sfo{x? ug]{ .

!)*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

ljefuLo Joj:yfkg ;ldlt


dxflgb]{zs, kz' ;]jf ljefu

;+of]hs

pkdxflgb]{zs, of]hgf tyf tflnd dxfxfvf, jg ljefu

;b:o

pkdxflgb]{zs, of]hgf, s[lif ljefu

;b:o

pkdxflgb]{zs, /fli6o lgs'~h tyf jGo hGt' ;+/If0f ljefu

;b:o

pkdxflgb]{zs, ag cg';Gwfg tyf ;e]{If0f ljefu

;b:o

pkdxflgb]{zs, jfl0fHo ljefu

;b:o

pkdxflgb]{zs, gfkL ljefu

;b:o

pkdxflgb]{zs, e" tyf hnfwf/ ;+/If0f ljefu

;b:o

sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs, s[lif pBd s]Gb|

;b:o

k|d'v, r/g tyf 3f;]jfnL cg';Gwfg dxfzfvf,


g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb

;b:o

k|ltlglw, :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno

;b:o

s[ifs k|ltlglw, sfo{ If]q

;b:o

k|d'v, /fli6o r/g tyf kz' cfxf/f s]Gb|


ljefuLo Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] sfo{ If]q

;b:o ;lrj

vs{ gLlt @)^* df pNn]v ul/Psf /0fgLlt cg';f/ sfo{qmd ;+rfng


sfo{ljlw tyf lgb{]lzsf tof/ ug{] .
vs{ ;'wf/ ;DalGw k|fljlws hgzlQmsf] bIftf clea[l4 u/fpg] .
vs{ ;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL sfo{qmd ;DalGwt lgsfox?Aff6
k|:tfj u/fO{ ;f] sf] sfof{Gjogdf ;dGjog ug{] .
lgb{]zs ;ldltn] lbPsf] lg0f{o / lgb{]zgnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{] u/fpg] .
vs{ Joj:yfkgsf] nflu ;/f]sf/jfnfx? jLr ;dGjo u/L vs{sf]
;+ / If0f, pkof] u / Joj;foLs/0f ug{ ;xhLs/0f ug{ ] .
cfjlws / jflif{s of]hgf th{'df ug{] u/fpg] .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)(

:yfgLo / lhNnf:t/jf6 ;+rfng x'g] sfo{qmdx?sf] cg'udg tyf


d"Nof+sg ug{] .
ljefuLo Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] j}7sdf cfjZostf cg';f/ ljifo
ljz]if1nfO{ cfdGq0f ug{] .
;ldltsf] a}7s slDtdf aif{sf] tLg k6s a:g] .
lgb]{zg ;ldltsf] dfu{bz{g cg'?ksf sfo{x? ug]{ .
lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt
:yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L, lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no

;+of]hs

k|d'v, lhNnf jg sfof{no

;b:o

k|d'v, lhNnf e";+/If0f sfof{no

;b:o

k|d'v, lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no

;b:o

k|d'v, lhNnf gfkL sfof{no

;b:o

k|d'v, ;+/lIft If]q sfof{no

;b:o

k|d'v, dlxnf ljsf; sfof{no

;b:o

cWoIf, lhNnf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3

;b:o

s[ifs k|ltlglw -dlxnf !, k'?if !_, :yfgLo :t/ vs{ ljsf; ;ldlt ;b:o
lhNnf cWoIf, ufp+F ljsf; ;ldlt dxf;+3

;b:o

cWoIf, dWojtL{;+/lIft If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldlt

;b:o

cWoIf, ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;ldlt

;b:o

k|ltlglw, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf

;b:o

k|d'v, lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no ;b:o

;lrj

lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] sfo{ If]qM


vs{sf] klxrfg, l;dfsg Jff/] lj:t[t j:t'l:ylt tof/ ug]{ .
:yfgLo:t/df pkef]Qmf ;ldlt u7gdf ;xof]u tyf ;dGjo ug]{ .
:yfgLo pkef]Qmf ;ldltjf6 dfu eO{ cfPsf sfo{qmdnfO{ cf}lrTotf
!!)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

/ k'i6\ofO{ x]/L :jLs[lt k|bfg ug{] tyf pkef]tmf ;ldltsf] lawfg


:jLs[t ug]{ .
lhNnf:t/sf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?jLr ;dGjo u/L sfo{of]hgf tof/ tyf
sfof{Gjog ug{ ;xof]u ug{] .
lhNnfl:yt ;/sf/L / u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf / cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfx? jLr
;dGjo u/L PsLs[ t vs{ ljsf; of] h gf tof/ ug{ ] .
vs{ ljsf;sf] nflu cfjZos kg{] k|fljlws ;]jf 6]jf pknAw u/fpg
;DaGwLt lgsfox?;+u ;dGjo ug{] .
lgb]{zs ;ldlt tyf ljefluo Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] lg0f{o / lgb{]zg
sfof{Gjog ug{] u/fpg] .
vs{ lasf; tyf Aoj:yfkg ;DalGw cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f u/L
k[i7kf]if0f tyf l/kf]l6{ ug{] .
u7g ul/Psf pkef]Qmf ;ldltnfO{ sfo{qmdsf] pB]Zo / lhDd]jf/L jf/]
hfgsf/L u/fpg] .
;ldltsf] a}7s slDtdf aif{sf] tLg k6s a:g] .
vs{ pkef]Qmf ;ldlt M
vs{ pkof]u ul//x]sf ufpF lasf; ;ldlt If]qsf s[ifsx? ldn]/ :yflgo
vs{ pkef]Qmf ;ldlt u7g ug{] / To; ;ldltdf % b]lv ( hgf ;Ddsf]
sfo{sfl/0fL ;ldlt /xg]5 . ;ldltn] ;j{;Ddltaf6 cWoIf, ;lrj / sf]iffWoIf
5gf}6 ug]{5 .
vs{ pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] sfo{ If]qM
vs{ ;+/If0f, pkof]u / ;Da4{g ;DaGwL sfo{x? af/] s[ifs:t/df
hgr]tgf clea[l4 tyf sfo{s|dx? ;+rfng ug{] .
lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] lgb{]zg sfof{Gjog ug{] .
;ldltsf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf / ljwfg jgfO{ lhNnf kz' ;]jf =sfof{nodf
bQf{ u/fpg] .
:yfgLo ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;+u ;dGjo u/L of]hgf th{'df, >f]t h'6fpg]
tyf sfof{Gjg ug]{ .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!!!

:yfgLo:t/df cfaZostf cg';f/ vs{ ;'wf/sf] nflu cfjlws tyf


aflif{s of]hgf th'{df ul/ lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltaf6 cg'df]bg u/fO{
sfof{Gjog ug]{ .
;ldltsf] a}7s slDtdf aif{sf] tLg k6s a:g] .
!#= cfly{s kIf
s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno, jg tyf e";+/If0f dGqfno, :yfgLo ljsf;
dGqfno, ;/sf/L Pj+ u}x|;/sf/L lgsfox?, gLlh If]q, :yfgLo lgsfosf]
ljBdfg ;+/rgfjf6 g} pNn]lvt gLltx?sf] sfof{Gjog x'g] ePsf]n] g]kfn
;/sf/nfO{ 7"nf] cfly{s Jooef/ kg]{ 5|}g, t/ klg k|:tfljt sfo{qmdx?,
P]g, lgodx?sf] sfof{Gjogsf] nflu eg] ;fnj;fnL ?kdf ah]6 ljlgof]hg
ul/g] 5 .
!$= sfg'gL Joj:yf
vs{x?sf] ljsf; tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu P]g lgod lgb]l{ zsf tyf sfo{ljlw
th'{df u/L nfu' ul/g] 5 .
!%= cg'udg / d"Nofg
lgb]{zs ;ldlt, ljefluo ;ldlt, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt dfkm{t lgoldt
cg' u dg, d" N of+ s g u/L k| l tj] b g k] z ug] { Joj:yf ldnfO{ g ] 5 .
!^= hf]lvd
vs{ Joj:yfkg dfkm{t jftfj/0f tyf h}ljs ljljwtfsf] bL3{sfnLg ;+/If0f,
nlIft au{sf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ cflb k|ltkmn k|fKt x'g] x'+Fbf o; gLltsf]
sfof{Gjogaf6 hf]lvd x'g] b]lvb}g .

!!@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

k'ik k|j4{g gLlt, @)^(


-g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ldlt M @)^(*@(_
!= k[i7e"ld
ef}uf]lns kl/j]z, hnjfo', pknAw ;|f]t ;fwg / ;+efjgfsf]
cfwf/df bLuf] / Jojl:yt k'ik tyf k'ikhGo a:t'sf] pTkfbg tyf
Joj;flos/0fsf] nflu k'ik k|j4{g gLlt clt cfjZos dxz'; ul/Psf]
5 . o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 lghL If]qsf] ;xeflutf clea[l4 eO{
/f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ ;[hgf x'g] / cfo cfh{gsf] ;fy} a}b]lzs d'b|f ;d]t
cfh{g x'g] x'G5 . k'ik tyf k'ikhGo a:t'sf] ljsf; tyf k|j4{g ug{ ;s]df
/fli6o cy{tGqdf 6]jf k'Ug'sf] ;fy} ul/jL Go"gLs/0fdf ;d]t of]ubfg k'Ug]
ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .
@= at{dfg l:ylt
xfn g]kfnsf #% lhNNffdf nueu ^)) eGbf a9L s[ifs 3/ kl/jf/
Jofa;flos k'ik v]tLdf ;+nUg /lx $),))) eGbf a9L JolQm k|ToIf jf
ck|ToIf ?kdf o; Aoj;fodf lge{/ /x]sf 5g\ . ;o eGbf a9L s6 km\nfj/
yf]s tyf v'bf| laqm]tfaf6 aflif{s em08} (! s/f]8sf] xf/fxf/Ldf Jofj;flos
sf/f]af/ eO{ /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnaf6 o"/f]k tyf ef/t, hfkfg, dWo k"j{ nufot
Pl;ofsf cGo b]zx?df k'ik tyf k'ikhGo a:t'sf] lgsf;L aflif{s ?= !(
s/f]8 eGbf a9L x'g] u/]sf] / o; Joj;fodf ;+nUg bIf tyf cw{bIf
sfdbf/x?n] j}b]lzs /f]uhf/L kfpg] qmd klg a[l4 x'b} uPsf] 5 . o;
kl/k|]Iodf o; If]qnfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{ cGo lhNnfx?df klg lj:tf/ ub}{
k'ik Pj+ k'ikhGo Aoj;fosf] sf/f]jf/ a9fpg ;s]df /fi6n] cem j9L
cfly{s kmfO{bf lng ;Sg] b]lvG5 .
#= ;d:of / r'gf}tL
jLp lahg, dnvfb, laiffbL h:tf k'ik v]tLsf nflu clt cfjZos
dflgg] a:t'x? cfh ;Dd klg cGo d'n'sdf lge{/ x'g' k/]sf] 5 . bIf
k|fljlws hgzQmLsf] sldn] ubf{ /f]u tyf sL/fsf] ;xL klxrfg x'g g;ls
;Dk"0f{ jfnL gi6 x'g] cj:yf /x]sf] 5 . ef/t tyf rLgaf6 lelqg] km"n
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!!#

tyf ltgsf af]6 la?jfsf] lg/f]uLtfsf] hfFr ug]{ k|efjsf/L ;+oGqsf] cefjdf
k'ik v]tLdf aif]g{ L gofF gofF /f]u tyf sL/f lelqg] x'bfF o;df u/]sf] nufgL
;d]t hf]lvddf kl/ k'ik pBf]u w/f;foL aGg ;Sg] ca:yf ;[hgf x'g ;Sg]
b]lvG5 . k'ik v]tLnfO{ pRr d"Nosf] afnLsf] ?kdf lnO{Ptfklg o;sf]
cWoog, cg';Gwfg / k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmd k|fyldstfdf gk/]sfn]
ck]lIft nufgL x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] Go"g nufgL, pTkflbt
s6km\nfj/sf] pTkfbg :yn b]lv :yfgLo ahf/ / cGt/fli6o ahf/;Dd
k'ofpg] plrt jftfg's'lnt 9'jfgL ;fwgsf] cefj ;fy} emGeml6nf] Pj+
nfdf] eG;f/ k|lqmof o; Joj;fosf r'gf}ltx? x'g .
$= gLltsf] cfaZostf
k'ik Aoj;fosf] k|j4{gsf] nflu pTkfbg b]lv laqmL lat/0f tyf
pkef]Qmf;Dd plrt ;do Pj+ cj:yfdf k'uG' h]nsf] d"No clej[l4 >[vnf
-Value chain_ k|s[ofnfO{ Aojl:yt tyf lgoGq0f u/L lbzf lgb]{z ug{
/fHosf] :ki6 b[li6sf]0f x'g' kg]{ x'G5 . o; ;Gbe{df k'ik k|j4{g gLlt
sf] cfaZostf dxz'; ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfndf kfO{g] laleGGf k|hfltsf /
cfly{s dxTjsf cGo, k'ik pTkfbg / Aoj;foaf6 /f]huf/Lsf cj;/ ;[hgf
x'g'sf] ;fy} g]kfns} df}lns tyf /}yfg] km"n, af]6 la?jfsf] klxrfg u/L
;+/If0f tyf ;Da4{g ug{ ;s]df To;sf] lgof{tsf] 7"nf] ;+efjgf klg /x]sf]
5 . bL3{sflng s[lif of]hgf tyf /fli6o s[lif gLlt, @)^! / jfl0fHo gLlt,
@)^% n] k|d'v lgof{t of]Uo j:t' / j9L df]n hfg] jfnLsf] ?kdf o;nfO{
k|fyldstf lbOPtfklg o;sf] k|j4{gdf kof{Kt hf]8 glbO{Psf] x'Fbf nufgL
stf{ n fO{ cfslif{ t ug{ ;ls/x] s f] 5} g . rfn' lqaifL{ o of] h gf
-@)^&@)^*@)^( @)&)_n] o;nfO{ pRr d"Nosf] a:t'sf] k|fyldstfdf
/fvL cls{8nfO{ Ps ufFp Ps pTkfbg sfo{qmd cGt/ut lg/Gt/tf lbg'sf]
;fy} cfn+sfl/s km"nsf] u'0f:t/Lo pTkfbgsf] nflu d"No clej[l4 >[v
\ nf
;'wf/df hf]8 lbO{Psf] 5 . k'ikjfnL clt g} hf]lvdk"0f{, rf8} lalu|P/ hfg]
/ o;sf] k|of]u laz]if cj:yfdf x'g] ePsf]n] plrt cj:yf tyf ;dodf
pkef]Qmf ;Dd k'ofpg' kg]{ x'G5 . pTkflbt s6km\nfj/sf] pTkfbg :yn
b]lv :yfgLo / cGt/fli6o ahf/;Dd k'ofpgsf nflu plrt jftfg'sl' nt
9'jfgL ;fwg, sd emGeml6nf] Pj+ 5f6f] eG;f/ k|lqmof x'g cfjZos
x'G5 . ;fy} cWoog cg';Gwfgdf k|fyldstf lbO{ pko'Qm k|lalw ljsf;
ug{ o; If]qdf nufgL a9fpg clt cfjZos x'G5 . o; ;Gbe{df o;
!!$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

Aoj;fonfO{ Aojl:yt u/L cfGtl/s ahf/sf] ;fy} lgof{tnfO{ k|j4{g ug{


k'ik k|j4{g gLlt clt cfaZos b]lvG5 .
%= nIo
k'ik / k'ikhGo a:t'sf] pTkfbg a[l4 u/L k'ik Joj;fo la:tf/
ug{, /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ ;[hgf ug{, cfoft k|lt:yfkg / lgof{t k|j4{g
ug{sf ;fy} ul/jL lgjf/0fdf 6]jf k'ofpg / k'ik h}ljs laljwtf ;+/If0f
ug{ e/kbf]{ pkIf]qsf] ?kdf k'ik If]qsf] ljsf; ug]{ .
^= p4]Zo
^=!

k'ik tyf k'ikhGo a:t'sf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjdf a[l4 ug{] .

^=@

k'ik v]tL tyf Joj;fodf lghLIf]qsf] ;+nUgtf a9fpb} pTkfbgnfO{


k|lt:kwL{ agfO{ cfGtl/s jhf/ Aoj:yfkg tyf lgof{t k|a4{g
ug]{ .

^=#

:yfgLo cg'jf+lzs k'ik ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f / ;Da4{g ug]{ .

&= gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt


p4]ZoM != k'ik tyf k'ikhGo a:t'sf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjdf a[l4 ug]{ .
&=!=!

g]kfnsf laleGg efudf k'ik v]tL lj:tf/ ug{ k'ik g;{/L


:yfkgf ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .

&=!=@

Aoj;flos k'ik v]tLsf] ;+efjgf ePsf If]qdf k'ik kmfd{x?


:yfkgfdf hf]8 lbOg] 5 . lzlIft a]/f]huf/ tyf ;]jf lga[Q
JolQm jf ;d'xnfO{ k'ik tyf k'ikhGo Joj;fo :yfkgf tyf
;~rfngsf nflu k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .

&=!=#

k'ik Joj;fosf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ug{ o;;+u ;DalGwt


;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L tyf k|fl1s ;+:yfx?;+usf] ;dGjo tyf
;xsfo{df cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg sfo{ ul/g] 5 . k'ik If]qsf]
k|lawL ljsf; / k|lawL k|;f/df ;+nUg ;/sf/L lgsfox?df
bIf hgzlQm / ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] Aoa:yf u/L zzQmLs/0f
ul/g] 5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!!%

&=!=$

k'ik pTkfbg / pTkfbg pk|fGtsf k|lawLsf] ;"rL tof/ u/L


;+efJotfsf cfwf/df lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, lghL If]q
tyf b' a } s f] ;xsfo{ d f k| l awLsf] la:tf/ ul/g] 5 .

&=!=%

;+efJotfsf] cfwf/df s'g} lhNnfdf s'g} lglZrt k|hfltsf


Aoj;flos k'ik v]tL x'g ;Sg] kfOPdf To; lhNnfnfO{ To;
k|hfltsf] k'ik If]q 3f]if0ff u/L tL 7fpFdf k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf
PsLs[ t Kofs] h Aoj:yf ug{ k| f yldstf lbOg] 5 .

&=!=^

Joj;flos ?kdf k'ik v]tL ePsf ks]6x?df k'ik tyf k'ikhGo


Joj;fo k|j4{gsf] nflu l;+rfO{, s[lif ;8s, ;+sng s]Gb|,
zLt e08f/ -sf]N8 :6f]/]h, s'ln RofDj/ ePsf] 9'jfgL
;fwg_, u|fdL0f ljB'tLs/0f, pko'Qm s[lif k|ljlwsf] ljsf;,
k|of]uzfnf k/LIf0f ;]jf h:tf Joj;fo k|j4{gsf k'jf{wf/x?
;/sf/L, lghL, ;xsf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/L If]q ;d]tsf] ;xsfo{df
lj:tf/ ul/g] 5 .

&=!=&

k'ik Joj;fosf] nflu rflxg] /f;folgs dn, k|fufl/s dn,


sL6gf;s, emf/gf;s, /f]ugf;s ljiffbL tyf s[lif ;fdfu|L cflb
k'ik pBf]u tyf k'ik g;{/Ln] ;DalGwt lgsfosf] l;kmfl/;df
cGo d' n saf6 cfoft ug{ kfpg] Aoj:yf ldnfO{ g ] 5 .

&=!=*

k'ik g;{/L tyf k'ik kmd{x?n] cfjZos km"nsf dfp jf]6


la?jf -Mother Plant_, sndL la?jfx?, km"nsf] ufgf]
tyf h/fx?, km"nsf] jLp lahg, l;FrfO{ / afnL ;+/If0fsf
pks/0fx?, Unf; xfp; lgdf{0fsf ;fdfu|Lx?, s'ln RofDj/
ePsf] 9'jfgL ;fwg (Refrigerated truck) cfoftdf
nfUg] s/ dx;'n /sd cfly{s P]gdf Aoj:yf u/L ;x'lnot
k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5 .

&=!=(

k'ik v]tL / k'ik Aoj;fonfO{ laBfno, ljZjljBfno


sn]hxsf kf7\oqmddf ;dfa]; ug]{ kxn ul/g] 5 . s[lif
cg';Gwfg s]Gb| tyf s[lif tflnd s]Gb|xdf k'ik v]tL ;DaGwL
k|fljlws tflnd u/fpg] Joj:yf u/L k'ik tyf k'ikhGo
Joj;fosf] If] q df hgzlQmsf] ljsf; ul/g] 5 .

!!^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

&=!=!) zx/L If]qdf / ;8s lsgf/fdf k'ik / k'ikhGo ag:kltx?


nufO{ ;8s / zx/sf] ;f}Gbo{ a[l4 ug]{ tyf jftfj/0f :jR5
/fVg] sfo{nfO{ ;/sf/L, lghL, ;xsf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/L If]q
;d]tsf] ;xsfo{df lj:tf/ ul/g] 5 .
&=!=!!

k'ik / k'ikhGo j:t'x? k|Zff]wg u/L jfg:klts cf}ifwLx?,


cQ/ / cGo ;f}Gbo{ k|zfwgsf ;fdfu|Lx? pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]ux?
:yfkgfdf k|f]T;fxg ul/g] 5 .

&=!=!@

k'ik v]tL tyf Aoj;fonfO{ k|a4{g ug{ o;nfO{ laQLo


;+:yfx?af6 k|bfg ul/g] k|fyldstf k|fKt shf{sf] If]q leq
kf/L cfjZos C0f pknAw u/fO{g]5 .

&=!=!#

k'ik Joj;fosf] kl/of]hgf lwtf]df /fvL shf{ k|jfx ug]{


Joj:yf tyf k'ik Joj;fo k|j4{gsf nflu s[ifs ;d"xsf]
hdfgtdf C0f k|jfx ul/g] 5 .

p4]ZoM @ k'ik v]tL tyf Joj;fodf lghLIf]q]qsf] ;+n+nUgtf a9fpb}


pTkfbgnfO{ k|lt:kwL{ agfO{ cfGtl/s jhf/ Aoj:yfkg tyf lgof{t k|a4{g
ug]{] .
&=@=!

k'ik tyf k'ikhGo Joj;fo pBf]unfO{ /fli6o:t/df


k|fyldstf k|fKt pBf]usf] ?kdf dfGotf lbO{ ;f]lx cg'?ksf
;'ljwf k|bfg ul/g]5 .

&=@=@

k'ikhGo a:t' lgof{tdf cfjZos kg]{ Kofs]lh ;fdu|L nufot


cGo pks/0fx? cfoft ubf{ s[lif pks/0fx? ;/xsf] eG;f/
dx;'n nufpg] gLlt cjnDag ul/g] 5 .

&=@=#

k'ik pTkfbg tyf k'ikhGo Joj;fo pBf]unfO{ ladf u/fpg


k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .

&=@=$

k'ik v]tLsf] ljsf; tyf k|j4{gsf] nflu pTkfbg Pj+ pTkfbg


kZrft pkef]Qmf ;Dd k'Ug] d"No clej[l4 >[vnf sf] k|so[ fdf
cfjZos cWoog cg' ; Gwfgdf k| f ldstfsf lbO{ g ] 5 .

&=@=%

k'ik tyf k'ikhGo Joj;fopBf]u;+u ;+nUg Joj;foLx?n]


k'ik tyf k'ikhGo a:t'sf] ;xh lgof{t cfoft nufot
laqmL lat/0f ug{ kfpg] Aoj:yf ldnfO{g]5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!!&

&=@=^

k'ikhGo a:t'nfO{ cGt//fli6o ahf/ k|0ffnLdf k|jz


] u/fpgsf]
nflu cfjZos k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .

&=@=&

k'ikhGo pTkfbgsf] u'0f:t/ sfod /fVg ;+sng, k|zf]wg,


;+ro tyf 9'jfgL k|ljlwsf ;fy} jhf/ d"No h:tf Jofj;flos
;]jf k|bfg ug]{ sfo{df ;/sf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/L If]qsf]
;xeflutfdf Jofj;flos ;]jf s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf tyf ljsf;
ul/g] 5 .

&=@=*

cGt{/fli6o ahf/df lgof{t k|j4{gsf] nflu ljleGg pTkfbg


:yn;+sng s]Gb|yf]s ahf/dfg} eG;f/ k|s[of k'/f u/L
;f]em} jftfg's'lnt 9'jfgL ;fwgsf] dfWodaf6 k'ik tyf
k'ikhGo j:t'nfO{ a;6]gcGt{/fli6o ljdfg:ynsf] h]6
ljdfg ;Dd k'ofpg] Aoj:yf ldnfO{g5
] . ;fy} k'ik / k'ikhGo
j:t'x?sf] cfoft ubf{ o;sf] ;+j]bglzntfnfO{ Wofg lbb}
;/nLs[t eG;f/ k|s[ofsf] Aoj:yf ul/g] 5 .

&=@=(

k'ik aLp ljhg tyf pTkflbt pTkfbgsf] vl/b ljs|LnfO{


Jojl:yt ug{ b]zsf k|d'v :yfgx?df cTofw'lgs k|lalwo'Qm
ahf/ ljsf; tyf la:tf/ ul/g]5 .

&=@=!) g]kfnsf laleGg efudf k'ik Aoj;fo lj:tf/ ug{ s6\ nfj/
-tfhf km"n_ k;n vf]nL Joj;fo ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
&=@=!!

;DefJo cGt/fli6o ahf/nfO{ nlIft u/L cGt/fli6o ahf/df


nf]slk|o /x]sf / g]kfnsf k|ltikwf{Tds Ifdtf pRr /x]sf k'ik
hGo pTkfbgnfO{ k|j4{g / lgsf;L ug{ ljz]if hf]8 lbO{g] 5 .

&=@=!@ o'jf, dlxnf, hghftL tyf lk58LPsf au{x?nfO{ k'ik Joj;fo


;+rfng ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
&=@=!#

g]kfndf k'ik Joj;fosf] ;+efAotf / dxTjnfO{ k|rf/ / k|j4{g


u/L ljb]zL nufgL cfslif{t ug{ cg's'n jftfj/0f >[hgf
ul/g]5 .

&=@=!$ k'ik Joj;fosf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ tyf k|j4{gsf] nflu cfjZos


kg]{ cGo ;]jf;'lawf tyf s/ 5'6 g]kfn ;/sf/sf cGo
:jLs[t gLlt cg'?k pknAw u/fO{g]5 .
!!*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

p4]ZoM # :yfgLo k'ik cg'jf++lzs ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f / ;Da4{g ug]{] .


&=#=!

g]kfnsf :yfgLo, /}yfg], km"n km'Ng] tyf gkm'Ng] cfnfl/s


af]6la?jf klxrfg u/L ltgsf] j}1flgs ljj/0f tof/ ul/
;'lrs[t ul/g] 5 / lgoldt ?kdf nutclen]v cWofjlws
ul/g]5 . ;fy} g]kfndf ePsf] df}lns tyf /}yfg] cfnfl/saf]6
la?jfsf] k]6]G6 clwsf/ ;'/lIft ul/g]5 .

&=#=@

g]kfnsf] /fli6so km"n nfnL u'F/f; nufot cGo df}lns tyf


/}yfg] k"mn km"Ng] jf gkm"Ng] cfnsfl/s af]6 la?jfx? dWo]
Joj;flos/0f ug{ ;lsg]nfO{ Joj;flos/0f ul/g] / k|rlnt
sfg"g cg';f/ k|ltaGw nufO{Psf af]6 la?jfx?nfO{ k|ltalGwt
;"lrdf ;"lrs[t ul/g] 5 .

&=#=#

h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0fdf ;xof]u k'ofpg k'ikhGo j:t'sf]


:yfgLo ;+/If0f (In situ conservation) ub}{ ;xeflutfTds
h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f If]q (Participatory biodiversity
conservation area) ljsf; ul/g] 5 . ;fy} Ex-situ
conservation sf nflu /fli6so cfg'af+lzs >f]t s]G Gene Bank_ df ;+/If0f ul/g]5 .

&=#=$

h}ljs ljljwtfdf cfwfl/t k'ik ahf/ tyf k'ik pBf]u


Aoj;fosf] ljsf; ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .

&=#=%

kof{j/0f / kof{j/0fLo ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ k/fu;]rs (Pollinators)


/ cGo dLq hLjx?sf] ;+/If0f / lbuf] kl/rfngsf nflu
jftfj/0f d}qL k|ffl/s dn / h}ljs tyf k|ffl/s laiffbL
k|of]unfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .

&=#=^

k'ikhGo h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g tyf lbuf] pkof]usf]


nflu cWoog, cg';Gwfg Pj+ k|;f/sf] sfo{nfO{ k|f]T;flxt
ul/g]5 .

*= ;+:yfut Joj:yf
k'ik k|j4{g gLltnfO{ sfo{fGjogsf] nflu lgDgfg';f/sf] !@ ;b:oLo k'ik
Aoj;fo ljsf; ;dGjo ;ldlt u7g ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!!(

;lrj, s[lif ljsf; dGqfno

;+of]hs

;x;lrj, cy{ dGqfno

;b:o

;x;lrj, jg tyf e";+/If0f dGqfno

;b:o

;x;lrj, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno

;b:o

;x;lrj, pBf]u dGqfno

;b:o

dxflgb]{zs, s[lif laefu

;b:o

pk;lrj, P]g lgod k/fdz{ zfvf, s[lif lasf; dGqfno

;b:o

sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs, g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb\

;b:o

km\nf]l/sNr/ Pzf]l;P;g g]kfnsf] cWoIf lghsf] k|ltlglw

;b:o

s[lif pBd s]Gb|sf, sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs

;b:o

k'ik pTkfbs s[ifs jf Aoj;foLsf k|ltlglw

;b:o

;x;lrj, s[lif Aoj;fo k|a{g tyf tYof dxfzfvf,


s[lif ljsf; dGqfno

;b:o;lrj

(= cfly{s kIf
k'ik Aoj;fo ljsf; ;dGjo ;ldltn] k'ik Joj;fosf] ljsf; tyf k|j4{g
ug{ cfly{s ;|f]t h'6fpg b]xfosf sfo{ ug{ ;Sg]5,
-s_ ;DalGwt lgsfosf] :jLs[lt lnO{ /fli6o tyf cGt/fli6o ;+3 ;+:yf
Pj+ cGo ;|f]taf6 k'ik ljsf; tyf cg';Gwfgsf] nflu /sd k|fKt
ug]{ .
-v_ laleGg k'ik v]tL jf ahf/ Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL l;kmfl/; jf k/fdz{
;]jf k|bfg u/] jfkt ;]jf z'Ns lng ;Sg]5 .
-u_

g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf cGo lgsfoaf6 cg'bfg ;xof]u k|fKt ug]{ .

!)= sfg"gL Joj:yf


o; gLltdf pNn]lvt k|fawfgx?nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ k|rlnt
sfg"gdf kl/dfh{g ug'{ kg]{ ePdf cfjZostf cg';f/ kl/dfh{g ul/g] /
yk sfg'gL Aoj:yf ug'{ kg{] ePdf ;f]sf] ;d]t Aoj:yf ul/g] 5 . k'ik
!@)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

Aoj;fo ljsf; ;dGjo ;ldltn] cfkm\gf] sfo{lalw cfkm} agfpg ;Sg]


5.
!!= cg'udg / d'Nofg
:yfgLo txb]lv s]lGb|o tx;Ddsf] k'ik If]qsf] of]hgf th'{df,
cg'udg tyf d"Nofgdf ;DalGwt ;/sf/L, ;xsf/L, lghL / cGo
;/f]sf/jfnfxsf] ;+nUgtfnfO{ ;'lglZrt u/L ;xeflutfTds Pj+ ;dGjofTds
k4ltnfO{ a9fjf lbOg]5 . k|:tfljt gLltaf6 k|fKt k|ltkmnsf] cg'udg tyf
d'Nofg s[lif ljsf; dGqfnon] ug]{5 .
!@= hf]lvd
k'ik v]tL tyf k'ikhGo Aoj;foaf6 cfly{s s[ofsnfk, ul/aL
Go"gLs/0f, vfB ;'/Iff / h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f / jftfj/0fdf ;fdfGotof
;sf/fTds k|efj kg]{ ePtf klg gLlt sfo{Gjog ubf{ vf; u/L k'ik
pTkfbgdf k|of]u x'g] laleGg /f;folgs kbfy{sf] sf/0faf6 jftfj/0f /
dfgj :jf:Yodf cfpg] hf]lvdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ pkfox?sf] cjnDag k'ik
ljsf; ;dGjo ;ldltn] ug]{5 .

b|i6AoM k'ik hGo j:t' eGgfn] k'ik kmfd{ tyf g;{/Ln] k|fs[lts ?kdf
pTkfbg ug]{ a]gf{, af]6 lj?jf, h/f, ufgf], s6km\nfj/ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!@!

/fli6"o e"pkof]u gLlt, @)^(


-g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ldlt @)^(!$ df :jLs[t_
!= k[i7e"ld
/fHosf] k|d'v ;|f]tsf] ?kdf /x]sf] ;Lldt e"ldsf] pkof]u /
Joj:yfkg ug]{ ljifonfO{ dfu{bz{g ug{sf] lgldQ e"pkof]u gLltsf] th'd
{ f
ul/Psf] x'G5 . o:tf] gLltsf] cefjdf e"ldsf] clgolGqt / cJojl:yt
k|of]u x'g uO{ e"ldsf] pkof]u / lgoGq0f /fHosf] cfjZostf cg';f/ ug{
;lsb}g . e"pkof]u gLltsf] cfwf/df g} /fHon] o; ;DaGwL sfg'g, of]hgf
tyf sfo{qmdx? th'{df Pjd\ sfof{Gjog ug]{ / gLlt sfof{Gjogdf b]vf
kg{ ;Sg] ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfgsf pkfox?sf] vf]h ug{] ub{5 . To;} u/L
e"lddflysf] kxF'rnfO{ ;dtfd"ns agfpg / jftfj/0fLo ;Gt'ng sfod
u/L lbuf] ljsf; xfl;n ug{, tyf e"ld;|ft] af6 k|fKt x'g] nfenfO{ Gofof]lrt
9+uaf6 ljt/0f x'g ;Sg] cj:yfsf] l;h{gf ug{ ;d]t e"pkof]u gLltsf]
cfjZostf kb{5 .
g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df b]zsf] ;du| cy{tGq tyf gful/ssf] hLjgofkgsf]
k|d'v cfwf/sf ?kdf e"ld tyf e"ld;|f]tn] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf]
5 . oxfFsf clwsf+z hgtfsf] hLjgofkgsf] k|d'v cfwf/ s[lif xf], h;n]
b]zsf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf sl/a ## k|ltzt of]ubfg k'ofPsf] 5 .
To;}u/L b]zsf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf jg tyf ko{6g If]qsf] ;d]t
pNn]vgLo of]ubfg /x]sf] 5 . tyflk hg;+Vofsf] a[l4 tyf clgolGqt
zx/Ls/0fn] s[lifof]Uo e"ld u}/s[lif k|of]hgdf pkof]u eO/x]sf] 5 eg]
jgIf]q ;d]t cTolws cltqmd0fdf kl//x]sf] cj:yf 5 . o; ;Gbe{Dff
b]zsf] ;Lldt e"ld tyf e"ld;|f]tnfO{ dxQd tj/n] pkof]u ug'{sf ;fy}
lbuf], jftfj/0f d}qL Pjd\ Jojl:yt t'Nofpg' cfjZos ePsf] 5 . t/
jt{dfg e"pkof]usf] k|j[lQn] o; cfjZostfnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;s]sf]
gb]lvPsf] / o;nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ pko'Qm e" pkof]u gLlt ;d]t g/x]sfn]
e"pkof]u ;DaGwL PsLs[t tyf k|efjsf/L gLlt th'{df ug'{ cfjZos
b]lvPsfn] k|:t't /fli6"o e"pkof]u gLlt, @)^( th'd
{ f u/L nfu" ul/Psf]
5.
!@@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@= ljutsf k|of;x
P]ltxfl;s k|df0fsf cfwf/df g]kfndf e"ldJoj:yfkg / k|zf;g
lnR5jLsfnb]lv g}] z'? ePsf] eP tfklg pkof]usf] cfwf/df e"ldJoj:yfkg
ug]{ sfo{sf] Oltxf; eg] vf;} k'/fgf] ePsf] kfOb}g . iffgL eofsf 7fpFdf
ufpF eof klg ufpF c? hUufdf ;fl/sg klg iffgL rnfpg', if]t aGof
hUufdf 3/ eof klg 3/ cGt hUufdf ;f/L s'nf] sf6L if]t agfO{ cfafb
ug'{, cfgf b]zsf] lhlg; h8La'6L b]; n}hfg' / gut lvRg' eGg]
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] sygsf] cfwf/df r]tgf eg] cufl8 b]lvg} /x]sf] a'g
;lsG5 . ;fy} lj=;+= !(!) df tTsfnLg /fhf ;'/G] b| zfxsf] kfnfdf ag]sf]
d'n'sL P]gdf e"ldJoj:yfkg ;DaGwL ljleGg k|fjwfgx? /fv]sf] kfOG5 .
cfw'lgs ;dodf hUuf -gfkhfFr_ P]g @)!(, d'ns
' L P]g, @)@) sf hUuf
;DaGwL dxnx?, e"ld ;DaGwL P]g @)@!, e"ld k|zf;g P]g, @)@$, dfnkf]t
P]g, @)#$ nufotsf e"ld;DaGwL sfg'gx?n] tTsfnLg cj:yfdf cfjfb
hUufsf] cfFs8f lng], gofF hUuf cfjfb ug{ k|fT] ;fxg ug]{ / dfnkf]t p7fpg]
sfo{nfO{ dfq k|fyldstf lbPsf] kfOG5 eg] e"ldsf] ;d'lrt pkof]u /
Joj:yfkgsf ;j} kIfx?nfO{ ;Daf] w g ug{ ;s] s f] kfOb} g .
To:t} jgIf]qsf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu ljleGg ;dodf u7g ePsf
jg ;'b9[ Ls/0f cfof]u tyf ;ldltx?sf] k|ltj]bgsf cfwf/df jg If]qsf] ;+/If0f
ul/g' kg]{ laifo p7g yfn]kl5 jg If]qnfO{ /]vfg ug]{ sfo{ ePsf] lyof] .
lghL jg /fli6os/0f P]g @)!#, jg P]g @)!*, jg ;+/If0f -ljz]if Joj:yf_
P]g @)@$, vs{ hUuf /fli6os/0f P]g @)#!, jg P]g @)$( h:tf sfg'gx?sf]
lgdf{0f u/L jgIf]qsf] cltqmd0fnfO{ /f]Sg] k|of; ePsf] b]lvG5 . ;Dk"0f{
e"efusf] $) k|ltzt jgIf]q sfod ug]{ ;/sf/sf] gLltnfO{ jgIf]qsf] ;+/If0f
ug] { tkm{ yflnPsf] ;sf/fTds k| o f;sf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 .
b]zdf Jojl:yt zx/Ls/0fsf] ljsf;ug{ ;/sf/n] gu/ljsf;
;ldlt P]g, @)$% nfu" u/L gu/ljsf; ;ldltx?dfkm{t gu/If]qdf Jojl:yt
j;f]jf; u/fpg] sfo{sf] z'?jft u/]sf] lyof] . tyflk ljleGg bL3{sfnLg
of]hgf / ;f]rsf ;fy ;+rfng x'g yfn]sf gu/ ljsf; of]hgfx?n] G
/ cGo ljleGg sf/0fn] lg/Gt/tf kfpg ;s]gg\ . o;n] ubf{ /fhdfu{
cf;kf; / zx/L If]qdf cJojl:yt a;f]Jff;sf] k|lqmof tLa| xFb' u} O{ Jojl:yt
zx/ a;fpg] / cJojl:yt a;f]af; lgoGq0f ug]{ sfo{ ck]Iff cg'?k ;kmn
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!@#

x'g ;s]g . To:t} u|fdL0f cfjf; sDkgL lnld6]8 -tTsfnLg k'gjf{; sDkgL_
n] Jojl:yt j;f]jf; u/fpg] sfo{df s]xL ;xof]u k'ofP tfklg of] sbd
e" pkof] u sf] cjwf/0ff cg' ? k cufl8 a9\ g ;s] s f] b] l vb} g .
e"ldjuL{s/0fsf ;Gbe{df ljutdf dfnkf]t p7fpg] ;d]t k|of]hgsf]
nflu v]t / af/LnfO{ cAan, bf]od, ;Ld / rfxf/df juL{s/0f ul/Psf]df
nfdf] ;do kl5 pkof]usf] cfwf/df e"ldsf] juL{s/0f ul/g' kg]{ cfjZostf
b]lvO{ hUuf -gfkhfFr_ P]g, @)!( sf] cf7f}+ ;+zf]wg @)%& tyf hUuf
-gfkhfFr_ lgodfjnL, @)%* df e"ldnfO{ s[lif If]q / Jofj;flos tyf
a;f]af; If]qdf juL{s/0f ug]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] kfOG5 . o; k|lqmof cGtu{t
e"ldsf] pko{'Qm Ifdtfsf cfwf/df juL{s/0f d"ntM k'gM gfkL ul/g] If]qdf
dfq cjnDjg ul/Psf] x'gfn] o;n] b]zsf] ;du| e"ldnfO{ juL{s/0f ug{
;s]sf] b]lvb}g eg] juL{s/0f cg';f/sf] pkof]u ug]{ ljifodf P]gdf s]xL
pNn]v ePsf] kfOb}g .
:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g, @)%% / lgodfjnL, @)%^ dfkm{t
e"pkof]u ;DaGwL ljifodf :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ lhDd]jf/ agfOPsf]
b]lvG5 . o; P]g tyf lgodfjnLn] e"pkof]u of]hgf tof/ ug]{, e"ld;|f]t
gSzf tof/ ug],{ klt{ hUuf / 8fF8f, eL/ kfvf]df j[Iff/f]k0f ug],{ ;f+:s[lts
;Dkbf If]qsf] hu]gf{ ug]{, e"Ifo / gbL lgoGq0f ug{ cfjZos of]hgf
jgfpg], jg, jg:klt / h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f ug]{, ;fj{hlgs ;/sf/L
hUufsf] cltqmd0fdf /f]s nufpg] h:tf sfo{df :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ lhDd]jf/
agfPsf] kfOG5 .
e"pkof]u ;DaGwL Joj:yfnfO{ cem a9L k|efjsf/L ?kdf sfg"gL
bfo/fdf Nofpg lj=;+= @)%* df e"ld ;DaGwL P]g, @)@! df kfrf}]+ ;+zf]wg
/ lj=;+= @)^) df e"ld ;DaGwL lgod, @)@! df rf}wf}+ ;+zf]wg u/L ljleGg
k|fjwfgx? yk ul/Psf 5g\ . ;f] adf]lhd e"-pkof]u kl/ifb\sf] u7g ug{,]
pkof]usf] cfwf/df hdLgsf] juL{s/0f ug],{ Pp6f pkof]udf ePsf] hdLg
csf]{ pkof]udf k|of]u ug{ gkfOg], e"pkof]u sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug],{ hUufsf]
v08Ls/0f lgoGq0f / rSnfjGbLnfO{ k|fT] ;fxg lbg] h:tf Joj:yfx? /x]sf
5g\ .
o;} kl/k|]Ifdf e"pkof]usf] nflu cfjZos k"jf{wf/ tof/ ug{sf
lgldQ ;g\ !(*% -lj=;+= @)$@_ df gfkL ljefu cGtu{t e"ld;|ft] gSzf
!@$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cfof]hgf ;+rfng eO{ !M %),))), !M !@%,))), / !M %)),))) dfggfksf


e"pkof]u nufot e"ld;|ft] ;DaGwL ljleGg ljifosf gSzf tyf k|fljlws
k|ltj]bgx? tof/ ul/Psf eP tfklg e"ld Joj:yfkgdf tL gS;fx?sf]
;d'lrt k|of]u x'g ;s]sf] b]lv+bg} . lj=;+= @)%& df e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf
dGqfno cGtu{t /fli6"o e"pkof]u cfof]hgf :yfkgf e} To:tf gSzfx?
cBfjlws ug]{ sfo{ e}/x]sf] 5 .
#= jt{dfg l:ylt
pkof]usf lx;fan] g]kfndf xfn s"n e"efusf] sl/a @& k|ltzt
v]tLof]Uo, #(=^ k|ltzt jg If]q, !@ k|ltzt r/g If]q, !&=@ k|ltzt lxpF
tyf rfg If]q tyf @=^ k|ltzt hnIf]q /x]sf] 5 . oL ljleGg If]qx?sf]
plrt Joj:yfkgsf nflu pko'Qm gLltsf] cefj /x]sf] 5 . ljutdf
ePu/]sf ljleGg k|of;x?sf] ck]lIft ?kdf ;sf/fTds k|efj b]lvPsf]
5}g . vf;u/L e"ld ;DaGwL P]g, @)@! / lgodfjnL @)@! df ;+zf]wg
u/L /flvPsf ljljw k|fjwfgx?nfO{ sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg ;lsPsf] 5}g .
o; P]g tyf lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd df6f]sf] k|sl[ t, pj{/f zlQm,
b]zsf] ef}uf]lns l:ylt, jftfj/0f tyf hnjfo' ;d]tsf cfwf/df e"pkof]u
sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{ Joj:yf sfof{Gjogdf cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . ;fy}
pkof]usf] cfwf/df hUufsf] juL{s/0f ug],{ s'g} Ps pkof]usf] nflu lgwf{l/t
hUuf csf]{ pkof]udf nufpg gkfpg], rSnfaGbL u/L ;xsf/L v]tL ug]n
{ fO{
s[lif cf}hf/, k|ljlw, dnaLp, cflbdf ;'ljwf lbg], ;'/lIft jf Jojl:yt
If]qdf j;f]jf;sf] Joj:yf u/fpg ;Sg] / sfg"g ljk/Lt sfo{ ug]n
{ fO{ b08
;hfosf] Joj:yf ug]{ nufotsf e"pkof]usf b[li6n] pkof]uL k|fjwfgx?
;d]t sfof{Gjogdf cfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g tyf
lgodfjnL adf]lhd :yfgLo lgsfon] k"/f ug'k{ g]{ lhDd]jf/L k|efjsf/L x'g
;s]sf] b]lv+b}g . g]kfn ;/sf/n] cf=j= @)^^.^& b]lv pkof]usf cfwf/df
e"ldsf] juL{s/0f u/L ;f] cg'?k :jfldTjsf] k|df0fkq hf/L ug]{ gLlt ;d]t
sfof{Gjogdf cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . kmn:j?k b]zsf ljleGg efudf cJojl:yt
?kdf j;f]jf; If]q Pjd\ zx/Ls/0f lj:tf/ x'Fb} uPsf], pBf]u Joj;fosf
nflu ljz]if If]q 5'6\ofpg g;lsPsf], s[life"ld qmdzM ljgf; x'Fb} uPsf],
hUuf cf]u6]/ afFemf] /fVg] k|j[lQ a9\b} uPsf] tyf ;'s'Djf;Lsf gfddf
;/sf/L tyf ;fj{hlgs hUuf cltqmd0f ug]{ k|j[lQdf ;d]t a9f]Q/L x'Fb}
uO/x]sf] cj:yf 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!@%

$= ;d:of / r'gf}tL
PsLs[t e"pkof]u gLltsf] cefjdf b]zsf] ;du| e"ldnfO{ pko'Qm 9+un]
pkof]u u/L clwstd\ nfe xfl;n ug]{ ;Gbe{df ljleGg ;d:ofx? b]vf
k/]sf 5g\ . e"pkof]u ;DaGwL sfo{sf] k|efjsfl/tf cGtlg{sfo ;dGjodf
e/kg]{ x'Fbf ;f]sf] sdLsf sf/0f If]qut gLltx?df ePsf Joj:yfx?sf] /
ljBdfg P]g, sfg'gdf ePsf k|fjwfgx?sf] ;d]t k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog x'g
;s]sf] 5}g . cJojl:yt / clgolGqt zx/Ls/0fsf sf/0f v]tLof]Uo hldgdf
;+sr
' g cfO/x]sf] 5 eg] ;/sf/L tyf ;fj{hlgs hUufdfly ljleGg gfddf
cltqmd0f a9b} uPsf] 5 . e"ldsf] ;xL 9+un] pkof]u u/L clwstd nfe
lng ;lsPsf] 5}g . hUufdf eO{/x]sf] clgolGqt v08Ls/0fn] s[lif pTkfbgdf
x|f; cfO/x]sf] 5 . pko'Qm gLltsf] cefjdf s[lifof]Uo hldgsf] u}/ s[lif
k|of]hgdf pkof]u x'g] u/]sf]n] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjdf j[l4 x'g g;Sbf
vfB;'/Iffdf k|lts'n k|efj k/]sf] 5 . plNnlvt ;d:ofx? ;dfwfgsf
nflu pko'Qm gLlt th'{df u/L sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg cfjZos ePsf] 5 .
o;sf nflu ;DklQsf] ?kdf e"ldsf] pkof]u ug]{ g]kfnL ;dfhdf /x]sf]
df}hb' f ;f]rdf kl/jt{g Nofpg], e"pkof]u ;DaGwdf /fhgLlts OR5fzlQmnfO{
;lqmo u/fpg], e"pkof]u ;DaGwL sfo{qmdnfO{ sfof{Gjogsf] nflu cfjZos
;|f]t;fwg tyf ;+:yfut Ifdtfsf] ljsf; Pjd\ lj:tf/ ug]{, cGtlg{sfo
;dGjonfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg] nufotsf sfo{x? ;d:of tyf r'gf}tLsf
?kdf /x]sf 5g\ .
%= e"pkof]u gLltsf] cfjZostf
e"pkof]u gLltsf] cfjZostfnfO{ o; k|sf/ pNn]v ug{ ;lsG5 M
!_

b]zdf pknJw e"ldsf] dxQd pkof]usf] nflu e"ldsf] juL{s/0f


ug]{ / e"pkof]u of]hgf th'd{ fsf dfWodf/f b]zsf] ;du| cfly{s,
;fdflhs tyf jftfj/0fLo ljsf;df of] u bfg k' ofpg,

@_

7"nf ;xsf/L s[lif kmfd{ :yfkgf u/L s[lifnfO{ Joj;foLs/0f ug{,

#_

b]zdf vfB;'/Iffsf] /Iffsf] nflu e"-Ifdtfsf cfwf/df pko'Qm


s[lif of]Uo e"ld klxrfg u/L o;sf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu cfjZos
Joj:yf ug{,

$_

pko'Qmtf / e"agf}6sf cfwf/df cfjf;Lo If]qsf] Joj:yfsf]

!@^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

nflu hf]lvd /lxt If]qx?sf] klxrfg u/L tL If]qx?df k"jf{ wf/o'Qm,


;'ljwf ;DkGg / jftfj/0fLo b[li6sf]0fn] pko'Qm zx/Ls/0fsf]
ljsf; ug{,
%_

s[lif, cfjf;Lo tyf ;fdl/s dxTjsf If]qx?nfO{ c;/ gkg]{ u/L


pko'Qm :yfgdf cfjZos k"Jff{wf/o'Qm, ;'ljwf;DkGg / jftfj/0fLo
b[li6sf]0fn] cg's"n x'g] u/L cf}Bf]lus / Jofj;flos If]qx?sf]
ljsf; ug{,

^_

hl8j'6L, kz'kfng, kmnkm'n v]tL, cflbsf] ljsf;sf] nflu pko'Qm


If]qx? klxrfg u/L d"n'ssf] ;du| cfly{s ljsf;df of]ubfg
k'ofpg,

&_

ko{6gsf] ljsf;sf ;Defjgf ePsf If]qx? klxrfg ug{,

*_

jg If]q, hnfwf/ If]q, ;+/lIft If]q, dWojtL{ If]q, h}ljs dfu{


nufotsf dxTjk"0f{ If]qx?sf] klxrfg u/L tL If]qx?sf] ;+/If0faf6
jftfj/0fLo ;Gt'ng, kfgLsf] ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f, h}ljs ljljwtfsf]
;+/If0f / ;Daw{g tyf hLjhGt'x?sf] ;'/lIft jf;:yfgsf] ljsf;df
;xof]u k'ofpg,

(_

k|fs[lts ?kdf jf9L, klx/f], e"Ifo cflbsf] hf]lvd ePsf If]qx?


klxrfg u/L tL If]qx?df pTkGg x'g] k|sf]k Go"gLs/0f ug{,

!)_ pkof]usf cfwf/df s/ k|0ffnL :yflkt ug{ .


;fy} g]kfn kIf ePsf ljleGg cGt/f{li6o ;lGw, ;Demf}tf /
;xdltsf] sfof{Gjogsf] nflu ;d]t e"pkof]u gLltsf] cfjZostf /x]sf]
b]lvG5 . e"pkof]u of]hgfsf] dxTjnfO{ cfTd;ft u/L o;sf] sfof{Gjogdf
hf]8 lbg] dxTjk"0f{ cGt/f{li6o b:tfj]hsf] ?kdf /x]sf] jftfj/0f / ljsf;sf
nflu cfof]lht ;+oQ
' m /fi6 ;+3Lo ;Dd]ng (United Nations Conference
on Environment and Development. (Earth Summit) -l/of] b h]gl] /of]
!((@_ sf] Ph]08f @! sf] sfof{Gjo ug{, h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f /
d?e"lds/0f lj?4sf] cleofg ;~rfng ug,{ cGt/f{li6o:t/df ul/Psf
;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ug{ / ;x;|fAbL ljsf; nIodf pNn]v ePsf k|fjwfgx?
sfof{Gjog ug{ e"pkof]u gLlt cfjZos b]lvG5 . ;fy} ;+o'Qm/fi6 ;+3Lo
cfjf; sfo{qmd -UNHABITAT_ f/f kl/nlIft ;j}sf nflu ;'/lIft, dof{lbt
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!@&

/ ;'ljwf ;DkGg cfjf;sf] Joj:yf ;DaGwL bL3{sfnLg ;f]rsf] ;Gbe{df


;d]t b]zsf] ;du| cfly{s, ;fdflhs / jftfj/0fLo ljsf;sf] nflu e"pkof]u gLlt th'd{ f x'g' / ;f]sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug{' cToGt cfjZos
/x]sf] 5 .
^= e"pkof]u gLltsf] b"/b[li6, kl/b[io, nIo tyf p2]Zox?
Ef" pkof]u gLltsf b"/b[li6, kl/b[io, nIo tyf p2]Zox? b]xfo adf]lhd
/x]sf 5g\ .
^=! b"/b[li6 (Vision)
pknJw e"ld tyf e"ld;|f]tsf] dxQd (Optimum) pkof]u u/L
b]zsf] lbuf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s tyf jftfj/0fLo ljsf; xfl;n ug]{ .
^=@ kl/b[io (Mission)
/fi6sf] lbuf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s tyf jftfj/0fLo ljsf;sf nflu
e"ldsf] dxQd pkof]u u/L pRrtd k|ltkmn k|fKt ug{ e"ldsf] juL{s/0f
u/L ;f] cg' ? k pkof] u , lgodg / Joj:yfkg ;' l glZrt ug] { .
^=# nIo (Goal)
^=#=! b]zsf] ;Dk"0f{ e"ldnfO{ agf}6, Ifdtf, pko'Qmtf / cfjZostfsf
cfwf/df juL{s/0f ug]{ . ;f] adf]lhd pkof]usf] nflu txut
e"pkof]u of]hgf tof/ u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{ sfo{ cfufdL !)
jif{ leq ;DkGg ul/g]5 . gu/kflnsf, lhNnf ;b/d'sfd, gu/f]Gd'v
uf=lj=; / d'Vo ;8sx?sf cf;kf;sf If]qx?sf xsdf pko'Q
{ m
sfo{ cfufdL % jif{ leqdf ;DkGg ul/g]5 .
^=#=@ pko{Q' m juL{s/0fsf] cfwf/df e"ldsf] pkof]u, lgodg / Joj:yfkg
;DaGwL gLltdf ;d]l6Psf ljifox? sfof{Gjogdf Nofpgsf] lgldQ
cfufdL @ jif{ leq cfjZos ;+:yfut tyf sfg'gL Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
^=$ p2]Zo (Objective)
o; gLltsf k|d'v p2]Zo b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf 5g\M
^=$=!=
!@*

e"ld tyf e"ld;|ft] sf] dxQd pkof]usf nflu e"ldsf] juL{s/0f ug],{
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

^=$=@

juL{s/0fsf] cfwf/df e"ldsf] ;+/If0f, Joj:yfkg / pkof]unfO{


k|f]T;flxt ug]{,

^=$=#

e"ldsf] v08Ls/0fnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{] tyf of]hgfa4 zx/Ls/0fnfO{


k|f]T;flxt ug]{,

^=$=$

ljsf; / jftfj/0f aLr ;Gt'ng sfod /fVg],

^=$=%

ef}uf]lns, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s, P]ltxfl;s, ko{6sLo nufot


ljz] i f dxTjsf If] q x? /x] s f] e" l dsf] ;+ / If0f ug] { ,

^=$=^

e"pkof]u gLltnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ u/L e" pkof]u of]hgf tof/


ug]{,

^=$=&

pkof]usf] cfwf/df Go"gtd d"Nof+sg Pjd\ e"lds/ k|0ffnL


lgwf{/0f ug]{,

^=$=*

pkof]udf g/x]sf] e"ldnfO{ ;d'lrt k|of]udf Nofpg] Joj:yf


ldnfpg] .

&= gLlt (Policy)


&=!

e"ld tyf e"ld;|f]tsf] dxQd pkof]usf nflu e"ldnfO{ b]xfosf


If]qx?df juL{s/0f u/L ;f] adf]lhd pkof]udf NofOg]5 .
s_ s[lif If]q
v_ cfjf;Lo If]q
u_ Jofj;flos If]q
3_ cf}Bf]lus If]q
_ jgIf]q
r_ ;fj{hlgs pkof]usf] If]q
5_ cfjZostf cg';f/ tf]lsPsf cGo If]qx?

:ki6Ls/0fM pko'Q
{ m If]qx?sf] kl/efiff tyf If]q lgwf{/0fsf cfwf/ tyf
dfkb08 cg' ; " r L ! df pNn] v eP adf] l hd x' g ] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!@(

&=@ juL{s/0fsf] cfwf/df e"ldsf] ;+/If0f, Joj:yfkg / pkof]u ug{


k|f]T;flxt ug]{ ;DaGwdf b]xfosf gLltx? cjnDag ul/g]5M
&=@=!

tf]lsPsf] juL{s/0fsf] cfwf/df dfq e"ldsf] pkof]u ul/g] 5 .

&=@=@

s[lif e"ldnfO{ afFemf] /fVg] k|jl[ Q / pj{/ hUufsf] u}/ s[lif


k|of]unfO{ lg?T;flxt ul/g]5 .

&=@=#

/fHosf] s"n e"efusf] slDtdf $) e"efudf jg If]q


sfod ug{ ;/sf/L hUufsf] ;+ / If0f ul/g] 5 .

&=@=$

cf}Bf]lus gLlt nufotsf cfly{s gLlt;+u tfnd]n x'g]


u/L pBf]u, cfjf;, s[lifsf] ljsf; ug{ lghL If]q cfPdf
/fHon] /fli6o e"pkof]u gLlt / :yfgLo e"pkof]u of]hgf
cg'?k x'g] u/L cfjZos ;xof]u ug]{5 .

&=@=%

k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf nflu cfjZostf x]/L /fHon] h'g;'s} k|sf/sf]


e" l d lgodfg' ; f/ clwu| x 0f u/L pkof] u ug{ ;Sg] 5 .

&=#M e"ldsf] v08Ls/0fnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ tyf of]hgfa4 zx/Ls/0fnfO{


k|f]T;flxt ug{ b]xfosf gLltx? cjnDag Ufl/g]5M
&=#=!

s[lif e"ldsf] rSnfaGbL tyf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] nflu hUuf


k|flKt ug{ Jojl:yt hUuf PsLs/0f (Land Pooling)
sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ cjnDag ul/g]5 .

&=#=@

hUufsf] clgolGqt v08Ls/0fnfO{ lg?T;flxt ul/g]5 .

&=#=#

cfjZostf cg';f/ pko'Qm :yfgdf cfjf; If]qsf] ljsf;


tyf zx/Ls/0fnfO{ k|f]T;flxt Pjd\ Jojl:yt ul/g]5 .

&=#=$

tf]lsPsf] dfkb08 ljk/Lt k|fs[lts :j?kdf kl/jt{g x'g]


u/L ul/g] e"ldsf] pkof]unfO{ lg?T;flxt ul/g]5 .

&=$ ljsf; / jftfj/0faLr ;Gt'ng sfod/fVg b]xfo cg';f/sf gLltx?


cjnDag ul/g]5M

!#)

&=$=!

zx/L If]qdf Go"gtd xl/t tyf v'Nnf If]q lgwf{/0f ul/Gf]5 .

&=$=@

jftfj/0fsf b[li6n] ;+jb] glzn If]qsf] klxrfg tyf ;+/If0f


ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

&=$=#

e"ld, jftfj/0f / ljsf;jLr ;Gt'ng sfod /fVb} h}ljs


ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f tyf ;Dj4{g ul/g]5 .

&=$=$ hnjfo" kl/jt{gsf] c;/nfO{ ;d]t Wofgdf /fvL lbuf]


ljsf;sf l;4fGtsf cfwf/df ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{x?
;+rfng ul/g]5g\ .
&=$=%

k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf] b[li6sf]0fn] hf]lvdo'Qm If]qdf j;f]jf;


ug]{ k|j[ltnfO{ lg?T;flxt ul/g]5 .

&=% ef}uf]lns, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s, P]ltxfl;s, ko{6sLo nufot ljz]if


dxTjsf If]qx? /x]sf] e"ldsf] ;+/If0f ug]{ ;DaGwdf b]xfosf gLltx?
cjnDag ul/g]5M
&=%=!=

ljZj;Dkbf ;"rLdf /x]sf If]qx?sf] ;+/If0f ul/g]5 .

&=%=@=

ljleGg P]ltxfl;s, wfld{s, ko{6sLo Pjd\ ;f+:s[lts dxTjsf


If] q x?sf] klxrfg, ;+ / If0f tyf ljsf; ul/g] 5 .

&=^ e"pkof]u gLltnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ u/L e"pkof]u of]hgf tof/ ug]{
;DaGwdf b]xfosf gLltx? cjnDag ul/g]5M
&=^=!

txut e"pkof]u of]hgf tof/ u/L nfu" ul/g]5 .

&=^=@

s'g} klg ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{x? ;+rfng ubf{ e"pkof]u


of] h gf cg' s " n x' g ] u /L sfof{ G jog ul/g] 5 .

&=^=#

e"pkof]usf af/]df ;r]tgf clej[l4 ug{ z}lIfs kf7\oqmddf


e" pkof] u ;DjGwL ljifoa:t' ;dfa] ; ul/g] 5 .

&=& e"pkof]usf] cfwf/df Go"gtd d"Nof+sg tyf e"lds/ k|0ffnL


lgwf{/0f ug]{ ;DaGwdf b]xfosf gLltx? cjnDag ul/g]5M
&=&=!

tf]lsPsf] If]q / pkof]u ;d]tsf cfwf/df hUufsf] Go"gtd


d"Nof+sg tyf s/sf] b/ lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .

&=&=@

tf]lsPsf] k|of]hgdf hUufsf] pkof]u gug]{ k|j[ltnfO{


lg?T;flxt ug{ yk s/ nufpg'sf ;fy} /fHoaf6 pknJw
u/fOg] ;] j f;' l jwfdf ;d] t s6f} t L ul/g] 5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!#!

&=* pkof]udf g/x]sf] e"ldnfO{ ;d'lrt k|of]udf Nofpg] Joj:yf ldnfpg


b]xfosf gLltx? cjnDag ul/g]5M
&=*=!=

;d'lrt pkof]udf g/x]sf] jf s'g} pkfoaf6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]


hUufnfO{ clwstd nfe xfl;n x'g] u/L pkof]u ul/g]5 .

&=*=@

tf]lsPsf] e"pkof]usf] If]qdf k/]sf] t/ ;f] jdf]lhd


pkof]u x'g g;s]sf] hdLgnfO{ cGo pkof]udf Nofpg]
gLlt cjnDag ul/g]5 .

*= /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLlt


*=!

e"ldsf] juL{s/0f ug]{ ;DaGwL gLlt sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg b]xfo


cg' ; f/sf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{ g Lltx? cjnDag ul/g] 5 M
*=!=!

b]xfosf cfwf/x?df e"ldsf] juL{s/0f ul/g]5M

s_ e"agf}6, Ifdtf / pko'Qmtfsf] cfwf/M


e"agf}6, Ifdtf / pko'Qmtfsf] cfwf/df e"ldsf] dxQd
nfe xfl;n ug{ e"pkof]u If]q lgwf{/0f (Land Use
Zoning) ul/g]5 .
v_ df}h'bf e"pkof]usf] cfwf/M
pko'Qmtfsf] cfwf/df e"-pkof]usf] ju{ tf]Sg ;Sg] cj:yf
g/x]df xfn e} /x]sf] pkof]usf] cfwf/nfO{ b[li6ut u/L
e"ldsf] juL{s/0f ul/g]5 .
u_ cfjZostfsf] cfwf/
;fj{hlgs lxt tyf ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nflu s'g}
hUufnfO{ tf]lsPsf] eGbf km/s pkof]usf] nflu k|of]udf
Nofpg' kg]{ ePdf /fHon] To:tf] hUUff tf]lsPsf] k|lqmof
k' ofO{ cGo pkof] u sf] nflu k| o f] u ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
*=!=@

!#@

pRr kxf8L e]usf] e"ldnfO{ d"Nojfg hl8j'6L tyf kmnkm"n


v]tL / kz'kfngsf] nflu r/g If]qsf] ljsf; ug{ k|fT] ;fxg
ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*=!=#

lxdfnL If]q / pRr kxf8L If]qdf 5l/P/ /x]sf j:tLx?nfO{


;'ljwfhgs If]qdf j:tL ljsf; sfo{qmd nfu" u/L Pslqt
?kdf ;f/L vfnL x'g uPsf If]qnfO{ e"ldsf] pj{/fzlQm
/ pko'Qmtfsf cfwf/df s[lif, hl8a'6L, jg, vfgL, ko{6g
cflb If]qdf ljsf; ul/g]5 .

*=!=$

l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf ePsf tyf ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] t/fO{+ tyf


kxf8L If]qsf] e"lddf e";+/If0fsf] k|ljlw ;d]tnfO{ Wofgdf
/fvL pko'Qm s[lifjfnL nufpg k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .

*=!=%

cJojl:yt / clgolGqt ?kdf eO{ /x]sf] cf}Bf]lus Pjd\


jfl0fHo Joj;fo If]qsf] lj:tf/nfO{ lgoGq0f u/L lglZrt
If]qdf Jojl:yt, j}1flgs / jftfj/0fLo b[li6n] cg's"n
x'g] u/L ljsf; / lj:tf/ ul/g]5 . cf}Bf]lus If]q, ljz]if
cfly{sIf]q, ljz]if lgof{t If]q, cf}Bf]lus sf]l/8f]/ cflbnfO{
of]hgfa4 Pjd\ Jojl:yt 9+un] ljsf; Pjd\ lj:tf/
ul/g'sf] ;fy} cfjf;Lo If]qaf6 lglZrt b"l/df dfq ljsf;
ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

*=!=^

e"ldxLg nufot e"lddf kx'r


F Go"g /x]sf ju{nfO{ cfjf;sf]
;'lglZrtfsf] nflu /fHon] ljz]if If]q klxrfg u/L sfo{qmd
;+rfng ug]{5 .

*=@ juL{s/0fsf] cfwf/df e"ldsf] ;+/If0f, Joj:yfkg / pkof]u ug{


k|fT] ;flxt ug]{ ;DaGwL gLltx? sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg b]xfosf /0fgLltx?
tyf sfo{gLltx? cjnDag ul/g]5M
*=@=!

juL{s/0fsf cfwf/df dfq e"ldsf] pkof]u ug{ ;DalGwt


;j}sf] nflu ;"rgf hf/L ul/g]5 .

*=@=@

dgfl;j sf/0fn] e"ldsf] pkof]udf kl/jt{g ug'{ kg]{ ePdf


gLltut tyf ;+:yfut Joj:yf u/L ;f]sf] :jLs[ltaf6 dfq
ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . cfjZos k|lqmof gk'ofO{
hldgsf] pkof]udf kl/jt{g u/]sf] kfOPdf ;fljss}
pkof]udf NofOg'sf ;fy} sfg"g adf]lhd b08 ;hfo
ul/g]5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!##

*=@=#

s[lif k]zfnfO{ Joj;foLs/0f ug{ Jofj;flos v]tL, ;xsf/L


v]tL, s/f/ v]tL h:tf v]tL k|0ffnLx? cjnDag ug{
k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .

*=@=$

dgfl;j sf/0f j]u/ # -tLg_ jif{;Dd s[lif If]qdf kg]{


hUUff jf cGo k|of]hgsf] nflu lg0f{o u/fO{ pkof]udf
gNofOPsf] afFemf] s[lifof]Uo hUufnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd /fHon]
k|fKt u/L tf]lsPsf] ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] sfo{df nufpg
;Sg]5 .

*=@=%

s[lif pkof]usf] juL{s/0fdf k/]sf] hldgdf v]tL gnufpg]


hUufwgLnfO{ ;/sf/n] lbg] cg'bfg, ;'ljwf / ;xof]u
s6f}tL u/L yk s/ nufpg ;Sg]5 .

*=@=^

s[life"ldsf] Ifdtf cg';f/ juL{s/0f u/L ;f] cg'?k afnL


nufpg k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .

*=@=&

s[lifof]Uo hldgsf] u}/ s[lifIf]qdf x'g] kl/jt{gnfO{ lg?T;flxt


ug{ tyf s[lifIf]qnfO{ ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{g ug{sf] nflu /fHon]
sfg'gL Joj:yf u/L tyf dfkb08 lgwf{/0f u/L cg'bfg,
Ifltk" l t{ tyf ;x' l notsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg] 5 .

*=@=*

jgIf]qsf] ;Ldf+sg u/L xl/t k"hf{ tof/ ul/g]5 .

*=@=(

jgIf]qsf] nflu lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] hUufnfO{ cGo k|of]hgdf


Nofpg gkfOg] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 . ljsf; lgdf{0fsf]
sfo{sf] nflu jgIf]qsf] hUufsf] k|of]u ug}{ kg]{ ePdf
slDtdf ;f]xL If]qkmn a/fj/ cGoq jgIf]qsf] ljsf; ug{
cfof]hgfsf] ah]6 d}+ Joj:yf ug]{ / ;f] adf]lhd jgIf]q
ljsf; ug]{ Joj:yfnfO{ nfu" ul/g]5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf
jg-If]qsf] Ps ?v sf6\g' kbf{ cGoq slDtdf @% ?v
/f]Kg' kg]{ Joj:yfnfO{ cem k|efjsf/L ?kdf sfof{Gjogdf
NofOg]5 .

*=@=!) x}l;ot lju|sf] jgIf]qdf a[Iff/f]k0f u/L k|rlnt jg P]g


cg'?k Joa:yfkg ul/g]5 .
!#$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*=@=!! plrt k|of]udf g/x]sf ;/sf/L, ;fj{hlgs hUuf tyf gbL


psf;df j[Iff/f]k0f u/L jgIf]qsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
*=@=!@ e"pkof]u of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{ ;3fp k'ofpg] lghLIf]qnfO{
/fHon] k|f]T;fxg ug]{5 .
*=@=!# kxf8L tyf lxdfnL If]qsf pTkfbsTj Go"g /x]sf tyf jg
If]qsf] aLrdf /x]sf a:tLsf hUufsf hUufwgLx?nfO{
jftfj/0fLo ;Gt'ngdf k|lts"n c;/ gkg]{ u/L x}l;ot
lju|]sf t/ s[lif k|of]hgdf pko'Qm x'g;Sg] jg jf cGo
If]qdf ;fljsdf lghn] rr]s
{ f] hUufsf] ;du| nfedf sd
gx'gu] /L hUuf pknJw u/fO{ :yfgfGt/0f u/fpg / lghsf]
;fljssf] hUufdf jg If]qsf] ljsf; ug{ ;lsg]5 .
*=@=!$ vlgh, t]n, UofF;, kfgLsf] d'xfg cflb h:tf dxTjk"0f{
k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f ug{ h'g;'s} juL{s/0fdf /x]sf]
eP tfklg /fHon] plrt Ifltk"lt{ lbO{ lng ;Sg]5 .
*=#M e"ldsf] v08Ls/0fnfO{ Jojl:yt ug]{ tyf of]hgfa4 zx/Ls/0fnfO{
k|f]T;flxt ug{ lnOPsf gLltx? sfof{Gjog ug{ b]xfosf /0fgLlt
tyf sfo{gLltx? cjnDag Ufl/g]5M
*=#=!

s[lif If]qsf] ?kdf k|of]u ul/Psf] hldgnfO{ rSnfjGbL ug{


k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .

*=#=@

ljsf; lgdf{0fsf cfof]hgf ;+rfng ug{, Jojl:yt cfjf;Lo


If]qsf] ljsf; ug{, cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] ljsf; ug{ hUuf
PsLs/0f (Land Pooling) sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g]5 .

*=#=#

pkof]usf] cfwf/df hUufsf] Go"gtd If]qkmn tf]sL ;f]


eGbf ;fgf] 6'qmfdf hUufsf] v08Ls/0f ug{ gkfpg] Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .

*=#=$

gu/, gu/f]Gd'v ufpF tyf cGo cfjf; If]qsf] ljsf; /


lj:tf/ ubf{ ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] b[li6n] pko'Qm e"ldnfO{
u|fXotf lbOg]5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!#%

*=#=%

e"ldsf] k|fs[lts :j?kdf kl/jt{g ug]{ ;DaGwdf dfkb08


lgdf{0f ul/g]5 . o;/L tf]lsPsf] dfkb08 ljk/Lt e"ldsf]
:j?kdf kl/jt{g x'g] u/L pkof]u ul/Psf] kfOPdf ;fljs
:j?kdf sfod ug{ nufOg]5 .

*=$ ljsf; / jftfj/0faLr ;Gt'ng sfod /fVg lnOPsf gLltx?


sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg b]xfosf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLltx? cjnDag
ul/g]5 M
*=$=!

xl/t zx/sf] ljsf;sf nflu :yfgLo lgsfo;+u ;xsfo{


u/L /fHon] ljz]if sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{5 . zx/L If]qdf
lglZrt k|ltzt hUufdf clgjfo{ ?kdf ?v /f]Kg] Joj:yf
ldnfOg]5 .

*=$=@

:yfgLo lgsfosf] ;d]t ;fwg;|ft] kl/rfng u/L zx/LIf]qdf


cfjZos dfqfdf v'Nnf If]q, kfs{, pBfg, v]nd}bfg,
dgf] / ~hg :yn, cflbsf] ljsf;df hf] 8 lbOg] 5 .

*=$=#

;8s, kf]v/L / gx/sf] bfofF afofF xl/t If]q (Green


Belt) lgdf{0fsf] nflu k|f]T;fxg ul/g] 5 . o;sf] ;+/If0f
/ Joj:yfkg :yfgLo lgsfon] ug]{5 .

*=$=$ kxf8L If]qdf x'g] e":vngsf] sf/0f t/fO{ tyf a]zL If]qdf
cfpg] af9L klx/f]af6 x'g] gf]S;fgLnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ tL
If]qxsf] klxrfg u/L ;+/If0fsf] k|efjsf/L Joj:yf
ldnfOg]5 .

!#^

*=$=%

ef}uf]lns Pj+ kof{j/0fLo ljljwtf sfod /fVg a9\bf] e":vng, e"Ifo tyf pRr hg;+Vof j[l4 / a;fO;/fO{sf
sf/0f hldgdf kl//x]sf] k|lts"n k|efjnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{
hf]8 lbOg]5 .

*=$=^

e"Ifosf b[li6n] Hofb} ;+j]bgzLn If]qxsf] ;+/If0f ug{


lghL :jfldTjsf] hUuf ePdf lglh jg tyf ;/sf/L jf
;fj{hlgs ePdf ;+/If0fd'vL ;fd'bflos jgsf] ljsf;sf
lglDt k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*=$=&

hnfwf/ If]q, ;Ld;f/ If]q, ;+/lIft If]q, dWojtL{ If]q,


/fli6o lgs'~h tyf cf/If, r/g cflb If]qsf] ;+/If0f ug{
ljz]if Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

*=$=*

t/fO{sf] hnfwf/If]qsf] ?kdf /x]sf] r'/] tyf efj/ If]qsf]


;+/If0f ug{ ljz]if of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 . o; If]qsf]
hldg ;+jb] gzLn ePsf]n] o;sf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu k|lts"n c;/
kfg]{ u/L 5l/P/ /x]sf dfgj a:tLnfO{ qmdzM :yfgfGt/0f ug{
PsLs[t a:tL ljsf;sf nflu sfo{qmdx? NofOg]5g\ .

*=$=(= kxf8L If]qdf ;8s lj:tf/ ubf{ kof{j/0fsf] ;+/If0fnfO{


dWogh/ u/L ;'?dfu{ jf /Hh'dfu{sf] lgdf{0fnfO{ k|fT] ;fxg
ul/g]5 .
*=$=!) h}ljs dfu{ /x]sf] jf /xg] ;Defjgf ePsf jg ;d]tsf
If]qnfO{ ;+/lIft jgsf] ?kdf ljsf; ul/g]5 tyf jg If]q,
3fF;] d}bfg, jGohGt'sf] jf;:yfgsf] ;+/If0f ul/g]5 .
*=$=!! gbLgfnf, tfntn}of / ;Ld;f/ If]qsf] ljj/0f tof/ u/L,
h}ljs tyf ko{6sLo lx;fjn] lglZrt b"/L;Dd k|jz
] lgif]w
If] q (No go zone) sf] ?kdf ljsf; ul/g] 5 .
*=$=!@ k|sf]ksf] ;+efjgf a9L ePsf If]qx?sf] klxrfg u/L To:tf
If]qdf /x]sf a:tLnfO{ ;'/lIft :yfgdf :yfgfGt/0f x'g
k|f]T;fxg ul/g'sf ;fy} To:tf If]qdf a:tLljsf; tyf
k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ug{ lg?T;flxt ul/g]5 .
*=%

ef}uf]lns, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s, P]ltxfl;s, ko{6sLo nufot ljz]if


dxTjsf If]qx?sf] ;+/If0fug]{ ;DaGwL gLltnfO{ sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg
b] x fosf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{ g Lltx? cjnDag ul/g] 5 M

*=%=!

ljZj;Dkbf ;"rLdf k/]sf If]qsf] e"ldnfO{ cj/f]w / c;/


kg]{ u/L pkof]u jf ;f]df kl/jt{g ug{ gkfOg] Joj:yf
ldnfOg]5 .

*=%=@

ef}uf]lns, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s, P]ltxfl;s, ;fdl/s Pjd\

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!#&

jftfj/0fLo b[li6sf]0fn] ljz]if dxTj /x]sf If]qx?sf] e"ldnfO{


cGo k|of]hgdf pkof]u ug{ gkfOg] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
*=%=#

ko{6sLo If]qsf] e"ldsf] pkof]u ubf{ ;f] If]qsf] df}lnstf


-lgdf{0f x'Fbf h] h:tf] cj:yfdf lyof] ;f]xL cj:yf_ df
c;/ gkg]{ u/L ul/g]5 .

*=%=$

gbLgfnfx?sf] k|fs[lts jxfj, ;Ldf / dfkb08nfO{ c;/


kg]{ u/L e"ldsf] k|of]u ug{ gkfOg] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
t/ d'n'snfO{ 7"nf] nfe k'Ug] ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{x?sf
nflu of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ o; k|fjwfgn] jfwf
k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .

*=%=%

tfn tn}of, ;/sf/L, ;fj{hlgs kf]v/L h:tf ;Ld;f/ If]qx?sf]


;Ldf cltqmd0f gx'g] tyf u'0f:t/df x|f; gx'g] u/L o;sf]
k|fs[lts pkof]u / ko{6g k|jw{gsf] sfo{df jfx]s cGo
k| o f] h gdf pkof] u ug{ gkfOg] Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .

*=%=^

;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs hUufsf] ;+/If0f tyf ;b'kof]u ug{ o:tf


hUufsf] oyfy{ clen]v tof/ u/L ;f]sf] sfo{of]hgf agfO{
sfof{Gjog ug{ clwsf/ ;DkGg :yfoL ;+oGq agfOg] 5 .
o:tf hUufx? s'g} klg ;+3 ;+:yf jf JolQmnfO{ ef]uflwsf/
lbOg] 5}g tyf oL hUufx?sf] ;+/If0f / pkof]u ug]{ ;DjGwdf
:yfgLo lgsfonfO{ ;d] t lhDd] j f/ jgfOg] 5 .

*=^ e"pkof]u of]hgf tof/ug]{ ;DaGwL gLltx? sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg


b] x fosf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{ g Lltx? cjnDag ul/g] 5 M

!#*

*=^=!

e"pkof]u gLltnfO{ sfof{Gjogdf Nofpgsf] lgldQ ljleGg


tx -s]Gb|, lhNnf, gu/kflnsf jf uf=lj=;=:t/_ df e"pkof]u
of]hgfx? th'{df ul/g]5g\ .

*=^=@

txut e"pkof]u of]hgf th'd{ f ubf{ dflyNnf] txsf] of]hgf


cg'sn
" x'g] u/L th'd
{ f ug'k{ g]5
{ . s]Gb|Lo lgsfon] :yfgLo
lgsfonfO{ e"pkof]u of]hgf tof/ ug{ cfjZos ;'emfj,
lgb] { z g / k| f ljlws ;xof] u k| b fg ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*=^=#

e"pkof]u of]hgf tof/ ug{sf nflu cfjZos ljleGg


;"rgfx? ;+sng u/L e"pkof]u gS;fx? tof/ ul/g]5g\ .

*=^=$

e"pkof]u of]hgf th'{df ubf{ ;/sf/L tyf ;fj{hlgs


lgsfosf ;fy} lghL If]qsf] ;xeflutf ;'lglZrt x'g] u/L
;dGjofTds ?kdf ul/g]5 .

*=^=%

e"pkof]u of]hgf th{d' f ubf{ pTkfbsTj, jftfj/0f ;Gt'ng


tyf ;+/If0f, ;fdflhs, cfly{s ;d[l4, ul/jL lgjf/0fh:tf
ljifonfO{ cfj4 ul/g]5 .

*=^=^

e"pkof]u of]hgfx?nfO{ k|To]s kfFr jif{df /fli6"o cfjlws


of] h gf;+ u cfj4 u/L k' g /fjnf] s g ul/g] 5 .

*=^=&

ljsf; lgdf{0fsf of]hgf agfpFbf tyf sfo{qmd ;+rfng


ubf{ ;DalGwt If]qsf] e"pkof]u of]hgfnfO{ cfwf/sf ?kdf
lnOg]5 .

*=^=*

dfWolds tx;Ddsf] kf7qmddf e"-pkof]u ;DaGwL


ljifonfO{ ;dfj]z u/L cWoogcWofkg u/fOg] Joj:yf
ldnfOg]5 .

*=& e"pkof]usf] cfwf/df s/ k|0ffnL sfof{Gjogug{ b]xfosf /0fgLlt


tyf sfo{gLltx? cjnDag ul/g]5 .
*=&=!

pkof]usf] cfwf/df 3/hUufsf] Go"gtd d"Nof+sg tyf s/


k|0ffnL lgwf{/0f ug{ cfjZos sfg"gL Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

*=&=@

3/38]/L jfkt tf]lsPsf] ;+Vof tyf If]qkmn eGbf j9L


hUuf /fVg] k|j[lQnfO{ lg?T;flxt ug{ To:tf] a9L ;+Vof
jf If] q kmnsf] hUufdf j9L e" l ds/ nufOg] 5 .

*=&=#

vfB;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"ltsf nflu s[lif k|of]hgsf] nflu pkof]u


ePsf] e"lddf s/ ;x'lnot lbOg]5 . cGo If]qsf xsdf
pkof] u / nfe ;d] t sf cfwf/df s/ nufOg] 5 .

*=&=$

plrt tyf dgfl;j sf/0f j]u/ tf]lsPsf] pkof]udf g/x]sf]


hUufdf pRr b/df s/ nufOg]5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!#(

*=&=%

jx'tn] cfjf;Lo ejg tyf Jojl:yt cfjf; of]hgf


;+rfng u/L cfjf; ;'ljwf pknJw u/fpg] ;+:yf tyf
k|of]ustf{nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .

*=* pkof]udf g/x]sf] e"ldnfO{ plrt k|of]udf Nofpg] Joj:yf ldnfpg


lnOg] gLltx? sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg b]xfosf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLltx?
cjnDag ul/g]5M
*=*=!

plrt pkof]udf g/x]sf] ;/sf/L, ;fj{hlgs tyf u'7L


hUufnfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ ;fj{hlgs lxtdf k|of]u
ul/g]5 .

*=*=@

pkof]udf gcfPsf hdLgnfO{ Jofj;flos v]tL, ko{6g


k|j4{g, dgf]/~hg:yn, v]ns'b:yn cflbsf ?kdf pkof]udf
Nofpg lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .

*=*=#

gbLsf] k|fs[lts jxfjnfO{ sfod /fVg] u/L t6aGw u/L


psf; x'g cfPsf] hUufnfO{ pko'Qmtf cg';f/ s[lifjg,
ko{6g, ;8s cflbdf pkof]u ul/g]5 .

*=*=$

x}l;ot lau|]sf jg tyf k|fs[lts ;Dkbf -hnfzo, tfn,


kf]v/L, gbL, gfnf, 3f]n, ;Ld;f/ If]q cflb_ sf] x}l;ot
;'wf/ u/L h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g / pkof]u
ul/g] 5 .

*=*=%

tf]lsPsf] e"pkof]usf] If]qdf k/]sf] t/ ljz]if sf/0fjz


;f] jdf]lhd pkof]u x'g g;s]sf] hdLgnfO{ k"j{ :jLs[lt
lnO{ pko'Qmtfsf] cfwf/df cGo pkof]udf ;d]t Nofpg
cg'dlt lbg ;lsg]5 .

(= ;+:yfut ;+/rgf
e"pkof]u gLlt sfof{Gjogsf] nflu k|efjsf/L ;+u7g-;+/rgf
cfjZos x'g] ePsf]n] s]Gb|df e"pkof]u kl/ifbsf] u7g / e"pkof]u
Joj:yfkg ljefusf] u7g tyf :yfgLo:t/df lhNnf:t/Lo e"pkof]u
sfof{Gjog ;ldlt / uf=lj=;= jf g=kf= :t/Lo e"pkof]u sfof{Gjog
;ldltsf] u7g ul/g]5 . plNnlvt ;+u7g;+/rgf tyf sfo{ ljj/0f ;DaGwL
!$)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

lj:t[t ljj/0f cg';"rL @ df pNn]v ul/Psf]5 .


!)= cfly{s kIf
e"pkof]u of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;Gbe{df cfjZos k"jf{wf/sf]
Joj:yfsf nflu gSzf tyf ef}uf]lns ;"rgfx?sf] pTkfbg, e"pkof]u
If]qx?sf] lgwf{/0f, e"pkof]u of]hgf th'd{ f, ;f+u7lgs tyf sfg"gL Joj:yf,
bIf hgzlQmsf] cfk"lt{ h:tf ljljw sfo{x? ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] o;sf nflu
7"nf] dfqfdf ;fwg;|f]t cfjZos kg]{ x'G5 . of] cfjZostf kl/k"lt{ ug{
d'n'ssf] cfGtl/s ;|f]tsf ;fy} yk jfXo ;|f]t ;d]t cfjZos kg]{
b]lvG5 . t;y{ e"pkof]u gLlt th'd
{ f eP kl5 sfof{Gjogsf] nflu agfOg]
of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd ;+rfngug{ cfjZos kg]{ cfly{s ;|ft] sf] klxrfg tyf
Joj:yf tt\ tt\ ;dodf g} ug'{ kg]{ b]lvG5 .
!!= sfg'gL Joj:yf
k|:t't gLlt sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg gLlt cGtu{t /xL @ jif{ leq
P]g, lgod, lgb]l{ zsf lgdf{0f u/L sfg'gL Joj:yf ;'b9[ ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 . o;sf
nflu cfjZostf cg';f/ lgDg sfo{x? ul/g]5g\ .
=
If]qut ?kdf 5l/P/ /x]sf e"ld;DjGwL sfg'gxnfO{ ;do;fk]If
;' w f/ tyf kl/dfh{ g ;lxt PsLs[ t u/L nfu" ul/g] 5 .
=
e"pkof]u ;DaGwL jt{dfg sfg'gL Joj:yfdf ;do ;fk]If ;'wf/
Pj+ kl/dfh{g u/L nfu" ul/g]5 .
=
e"ld;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ lgb]{lzt ug{;Sg] /fli6o
e"pkof]u lgb]{lzsf th'{df u/L nfu" ul/g]5 .
!@= cg'udg tyf d"Nofg
k|:t't gLltsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 ck]lIft k|ltkmn tyf p2]Zo xfl;n
eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf cg'udg / d"Nofg ug{ cg'R5]b !) cGtu{tsf
kl/ifb, ;ldlt tyf ljefun] ;DalGwt ;a} lgsfox;Fu ;dGjo u/L
cfjZos Joj:yf ug]{5g\ . o; gLltsf] k|efj d"Nof+sg /fli6o of]hgf
cfof]un] ug]{5 .
!#= hf]lvd
k|:t't e"pkof]u gLlt PsLs[t ?kdf th'{df u/L k|yd k6s
sfof{Gjogdf cfpg nfu]sfn] o;sf] sfof{Gjogdf ljleGg cj/f]wx? cfpg
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!$!

;Sg] b]lvG5g\ . o; ;Gbe{df gLltsf] ;xh Pjd\ ;kmn sfof{Gjogsf k|dv


'
hf]lvdx? lgDgfg';f/ /xg] b]lvPsf 5g\ M
=
o; gLltn] ljleGg If]qx? ;d]6g] ePsf]n] tL If]qx?sf] cfsf+Iff
;Daf]wg x'g g;s]df sfof{Gjogsf qmddf c;xof]u jf k|lt/f]w
x'g ;Sg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 .
=
o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjogsf] nflu s]Gb| tyf :yfgLo txdf pRr:t/sf]
/fhgLlts k|lta4tf Pjd\ k|zf;lgs sl6a4tf cfjZos kg]{
ePsf]n] o;sf] cefjdf gLlt sfof{Gjogdf sl7gfO{ kg]{ ;Defjgf
/x]sf] 5 .
=
gLlt tyf ;f] adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ul/Psf sfo{qmdx?sf] sfof{Gjogsf
nflu cfGtl/s ;|f]t;fwg kof{Kt gx'g] b]lv+bf j}b]lzs ;xof]u
kl/rfngsf] nflu cfjZos kxn ug' { k g] { b] l vG5 .
=
e"ldsf] pkof]udf s'g} lsl;dsf] lgoGq0f g/x]sf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf
;j{:jLsfo{ x'gu] /L lgoGq0fd'vL e"pkof]u of]hgfx?sf] sfof{Gjog
k|d'v hf]lvdsf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5 .
=
e"pkof]usf] If]q jx'kIfLo ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo ePsf]n] ;/f]sf/jfnf
lgsfox?sf] ;xof]u ljgf o;sf] sfof{Gjog k|efjsf/L x'g
;Qm}g .
=
of] gLlt sfof{Gjog ug{sf] nflu pko'Qm sfg"gL Joj:yf, ;+:yfut
;+/rgf, bIf hgzlQmsf] pknJwtf / ;Ifd Joj:yfksLo Ifdtfsf]
cfjZostf kb{5 .
!$= gLltdf kl/dfh{g
!$=! e"ld;DaGwL ljifo ;d]6g] of] k|d'v gLlt xf] . o; gLlt cg's"n
gePsf P]g, lgod tyf gLltx? of] gLlt nfu" ePsf] @ jif{ leq
;DalGwt lgsfon] of] gLlt cg'?k x'gu] /L ;+zf]wg Pj+ kl/dfh{g
ug'{ kg]{5 .
!$=@ e"pkof]u gLltnfO{ k|To]s !) jif{df k'g/fjnf]sg Pj+ kl/dfh{g
ul/g]5 .
!%= afwf, c8\sfp km'sfpg]
o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjogsf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} ;d:of pTkGg ePdf g]kfn
;/sf/, e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfnon] jfwf c8sfp km'sfpg ;Sg]5 .
!$@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cg';"rL !M kl/efiff tyf If]q lgwf{/0fsf cfwf/ Pjd\ dfkb08


!=! kl/efiff
-s_ s[lif If]q
s[lif If]q eGgfn] s[lif pTkfbg -cGg afnL, gub] afnL, afujfgL,
cflb_, kz'kfng, dT:okfng, lghL hUufdf ePsf j[Iff/f]k0f jf jgafl6sf
;d]t ePsf jf x'g;Sg] hUufnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-v_ a;f]jf; If]q
a;f]jf; If]q eGgfn] dflg;n] jf;:yfgsf] nflu k|of]u u/]sf
3/ /x]sf hUufnfO{ hgfpF5 / ;f] zAbn] 3/;+u hf]l8Psf] jf ghf]l8Psf]
eP tfklg uf]7, esf/L, Uof/]h, tj]nf, Ogf/, kmnkm"n au}+rf, s/];faf/L,
cfFug jf To:t} c? s'g} sfddf k|of]u ul/Psf] hUuf ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]
5 . of] zJbn] s'g} lglZrt If]qnfO{ ;/sf/n] a;f]jf;sf nflu 3f]if0ff u/L
tf]s]sf] If]qnfO{ ;d]t hgfpg] 5 .
-u_ Jofj;flos If]q
Jofj;flos If]q eGgfn] k;n, xf]6]n, k|bz{gL sIf, k]6f]n kDk,
uf]bfd, l;g]df 3/ jf :jf:Yo, ;+rf/ jf dgf]/~hg ;DaGwL ;]jf jf j:t'sf]
vl/b ljqmL x'g] :yfg jf s'g} ;flxlTos, j}1flgs jf k|fljlws ;]jf, ;"rgf
tyf k/fdz{ pknAw u/fpg] ;+:yf jf cGo s'g} Jofj;flos k|of]hgsf]
nflu lgdf{0f ul/Psf 3/n] rr]s
{ f hUuf tyf ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu 5'fOPsf
hUuf, tyf ko{6sLo If]qn] rr]{sf hUuf ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . of] zJbn]
s'g} lglZrt ef}uf]lns If]qdf ahf/ lj:tf/ tyf gofF zx/ lgdf{0f ug]{ u/L
;/sf/n] 3f]if0ff u/L tf]s]sf] If]qnfO{ ;d]t hgfpFg]5 .
-3_ cf}Bf]lus If]q
cf}Bf]lus If]q eGgfn] s'g} klg sfo{:yn -js{;k_ jf j:t'
pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u tyf ;f] ;+rfng ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu /x]sf 3/, 6x/fx?n]
rr]{sf hUuf nufot ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu 5'fOPsf hUufnfO{ hgfpF5 .
of] zJbn] s'g} lglZrt ef}uf]lns If]qdf pBf]u k|j4{g ug]{ p2]Zon] ;/sf/n]
3f] i f0ff u/L tf] s ] s f] ljz] i f cfly{ s If] q nfO{ ;d] t hgfpF g ] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!$#

-_ jgIf]q
jgIf]q eGgfn] k"0f{ jf cf+lzs ?kdf ?v tyf jg:kltn] 9fs]sf],
dfly plNnlvt s'g} If]q cGtu{t gkg]{ ;/sf/L, ;fd'bflos, sj'lnotL,
nufot ;j} k|sf/sf jGo If]q nfO{ hgfpF5 . of] zJbn] s'g} lglZrt
ef}uf]lns If]qdf jg If]q lj:tf/sf] nflu ;/sf/n] 3f]if0ff u/L tf]s]sf]
If]qnfO{ ;d]t hgfpFg]5 .
-r_ ;fj{hlgs pkof]usf] If]q
;fj{hlgs pkof]usf] If]q eGgfn] :s"n, sn]h, 5fqfjf;, wd{zfnf, wfld{s
If]q, cGTo]li6:yn, Ogf/, s'jf, rf}tf/L, kf6L, kf}jf, uf}zfnf, pBfg, a;kfs{,
Po/kf]6{, uf}r/ tyf cGo ;fj{hlgs pkof]usf] nflu lgdf{0f ul/Psf 3/,
6x/f, :yfg tyf tL :yfgn] rr]{sf hUufx?nfO{ hgfpF5 . of] zJbn] s'g}
lglZrt ef}uf]lns If]qdf ;fj{hlgs pkof]usf] If]q egL ;/sf/n] 3f]if0ff
u/L tf]s]sf] If]qnfO{ ;d]t hgfpFg]5 .
!=@ e"pkof]usf] If]q lgwf{/0fsf cfwf/ / dfkb08
s_ s[lifIf]q
b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|of]udf ePsf] hUufnfO{ s[lifIf]qdf juL{s/0f ul/g]5 .
!= jflif{s ?kdf pTkfbg x'g] vfBfGg jf t]nxg jf sf];j] fnL jf xl/of]
t/sf/L jf ;fu;AhL nufOPsf] hUuf / ;f] hUufsf] l8n, 5]p,
cfnL, sfGnf ;d]tsf hUufx? .
@= vghf]t u/L v]tL nufpg tof/ ul/Psf] hUuf jf vghf]t u/L
tof/ ul/Pdf v]tL nufpg pko'Qm x'g ;Sg] cfjfb nfos ktL{
jf afFemf] hUufx? .
#= afujfgL jf kmnkm"nsf] au}r
+ f jf ;f] sf] g;{/L, km"nsf] au}r
+ f jf
;f] sf] g;{/L, jf ;f] sf] jLh pTkfbg ul/Psf hUufx? Jff d;nfhGo
j:t'x?sf] v]tL jf ;3g v]tL ul/Psf hUufx? .
$= 8fn]3fF; jf kz'cfxf/sf nflu k|of]u ul/g] ?v jf jg:ktLx?
x'sf{OPsf] jf s[lifhGo pkhsf nflu k|of]u x'g] btf{jfnf hUufx? .
%= kz'cfxf/sf nflu 3fF; pTkfbg ul/Psf ;/sf/L / ;fj{hlgs
!$$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

jgIf]q jfx]ssf v/jf/L, eL/, sfGnf, 3fF;] d}bfg, r/g If]q tyf
afF; tyf j]tsf] emf8L ePsf hUufx? .
^= ;/sf/L jf ;fj{hlgs vf]nfgfnf, kf]v/L jfx]s v]t tyf kf]v/Ldf
df5f kfng ul/Psf hUufx? .
&= lrof, skmL, pv', s'/Lnf], cld|;f], s]/f h:tf gub]jfnLsf lj?jf
/f]lkPsf jf pTkfbg ul/Psf jf ;f] sf g;{/L ePsf] lghL hUufx? .
*= lghL hUufdf jg k}bfjf/ jf h8La'8L pTkfbg ug]{ p2]Zon]
x'sf{OPsf jg:klt jf hl8a'8L ePsf hUufx? .
(= kz'kfngsf nflu k|of]u ePsf hUuf, ;f] k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u
ePsf 3/, 6x/f, 5fk|f jf kz'k|hgg :ynsf] ?kdf k|of]u ePsf
hUufx? .
!)= :yfoL ?kdf l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf pknAw ePsf s[lifof]Uo hUufx? .
!!= d'Vo ?kdf s[lif sfo{sf nflu k|of]u ePsf kof{Kt k|fs[lts jg:klt
;lxtsf hUufx? .
!@= s[lifpTkfbgsf] /]vb]v ug{, e08f/ ug{, ;'sfpg tyf k|zf]wg ug{
k|of]u ePsf s'g} klg ef}lts ;+/rgf jf 3/, 6x/f cflb ePsf
hUufx? .
!#= a;f]af;, Jofj;flos If]q jf cGo pkof]u ePsf If]q;Fu hf]l8Psf
ePtf klg lsQfsf] If]qkmn !))) ju{ ld6/ eGbf j9LeO{ v]tL
ul/Psf] jf vghf] t ul/Psf] jf klt{ afF e mf] hUufx? .
!$= Psf:yfgdf ljleGg lsQfx? Hff]l8P/ ! x]S6/ jf ;f] eGbf j9L If]qkmndf
v]tL ul/Psf jf vghf]t ul/Psf jf klt{ afFemf] v]tLof]Uo hUufx? .
v_ a;f]af;If]q
ul/g]5 .

b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|of]udf ePsf hUufnfO{ cfjf;Lo If]qdf juL{s/0f

!= s[lifpkhsf] /]vb]v, e08f/0f tyf k|zf]wg-k|of]hg jf pBf]u


snsf/vfgfsf] ;+rfng tyf ;'/Iffk|of]hg jfx]s cfjf;sf ?kdf
k|of]u ePsf ejg, 3/, 6x/f ePsf hUufx? .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!$%

@= JolQmut 3/ / ;f];Fu hf]l8Psf au}+rf, Uof/]h, cfFug / ;f]


k|of]hgsf] nflu k|of]u x'g] JolQmut jf6f] cflb /x]sf hUufx? .
#= PseGbf w]/} kl/jf/x? a:g] ljsl;t ckf6{d]G6 /x]sf hUuf, To;
k|of]hgsf] nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] jf6f], ;fd"lxs Uof/]h, kfls{ :yn,
au}+rf, rf}/ cflb /x]sf hUufx? .
$= ax'tn] ejgsf cfjf;Lo Nof6x? /x]sf hUufx? tyf ;f] k|of]hgsf]
nflu kfls{ :yn, Uof/]h, au}+rf, rf}/ cflb /x]sf hUufx? .
%= u|fdL0f If]qdf ag]sf] 3/, cfFug, rf]s, cGg e08f/ ug]{ esf/L,
3/;Fu} /x]sf uf]7, rkL{, s/];fjf/L cflbn] rr]{sf hUufx? .
^= j[4f>d, afnu[x, Aof/]s, cfjf;Lo ljBfno, 5fqfaf;, wfld{s
cf>d jf u'Daf cflb /x]sf hUufx? tyf ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu
5'6\ofOPsf hUufx? .
&= sd{rf/L cfjf;, cfjf;Lo xf]6n, cflb ;fd"lxs cfjf;k|of]hgsf
nflu lgdf{0f ePsf ejg tyf ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu 5'6\ofOPsf
hUufx? .
*= a;f]af;, Jofj;flos tyf cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{sf
nflu cfjZos ef}lts k"jf{wf/, ;8s, ljB't, vfg]kfgL, 9n, ;~rf/,
cflbsf] ljsf; ePsf] If]qdf /x]sf %%) ju{ ld6/ eGbf ;fgf
lsQfsf hUufx? .
(= a;f]jf;If]qdf pkof]uug{ cfjZos Go"gtd k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ePsf lsQf
hUuf /x]sf 7fpFjf6 !)) ld6/sf] cw{Jof;sf] If]qdf PsfTds kl/jf/
cfjf; OsfO{ -Single Family Unit) !%) / ;+oQ' m kl/jf/ cfjf; OsfO{
- Joint Family Unit) cfjf; !) eGbf j9L ePsf hUufx? .
u_ Jofj;flos If]qM
b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|of]udf ePsf hUufnfO{ Jofj;flos If]qdf
juL{s/0f ul/g]5 .
!= k;n, a'l6s, l8kf6{d]G6n :6f]/, v'b|f Jofkf/, ;'k/ dfs]{6 cflb
j:t'sf] vl/b laqmL x'g] :yn /x]sf 3/hUuf tyf ;f] k|of]hgsf]
nflu 5'6\ofOPsf hUufx? .
!$^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@= xf]6n
] , u]i6 xfp;, kmf:6km'8, dgf]/~hg :yn, ;fO{j/ Sofkm], /]i6'/G] 6
Sofkm], jf/, l;g]df, lyP6/, sG;6{ xn, a|f]8sf:6 :6'l8of], 8fG;
xn, gfO6 Sna, u]ld P08 UofDaln Sna /x]sf :yn tyf ;f]
k|of]hgsf] nflu pkof]u ePsf 3/ /x]sf hUuf nufotsf k|of]hgsf]
nflu 5'6\ofOPsf hUufx? .
#= lghL If]qjf6 ;+rfng ul/Psf lzIff, :jf:Yo, ;+rf/ cflb ;]jf
pknAw u/fpg] :yn, ;f] k|of]hgdf k|of]u ePsf 3/ / ltgn]
rr]{sf hUufx? .
$= hnfzo, phf{s]Gb| , s]j'nsf/, Uof; / t]n e08f/0f :yn, x'nfs
sfof{no , k|bz{gL sIf, 8"fO{ lSng;{, k]6"f]n kDk cflb /x]sf :yn
/ ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu k|of]u ePsf 3/ / ltgn] rr]{sf hUufx? .
%= s'g} klg j:t' jf oGq pks/0fsf] dd{t-;Def/ jf ;kmf ul/g] :yn
jf sjf8L e08f/0f ul/Psf :yn, ;f] k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u ePsf]
3/ / ltgn] rr]{sf hUufx? .
^= x'nfs ;]jf, /]l8of] :6]zg, 6L=eL=:6]zg, b"/;+rf/ cflb /x]sf :yn,
;f] k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u ePsf 3/ / ltgn] rr]{sf hUufx? .
&= s'g} klg j:t'sf] e08f/0f ul/Psf] :yn, v'b|f laqmL :yn jf yf]s
laqmL :yn, ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu k|of]u ePsf 3/ / ltgn] rr]{sf
hUufx? .
*= ljleGg Jofj;flos ;]jf, k/fdz{ ;]jf, k|fs[lts :jf:Yo ;]jf k|bfg
ul/g] :yn jf lhd xfp; ;+rfng ePsf :yn, ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu
k|of]u ePsf 3/ / ltgn] rr]{sf hUufx? .
(= s'g} Ps Jofj;flos k|sl[ tsf] ;]jf ;+rfngdf /x]sf] 3/ / ;f] 3/n]
rr]{sf] hUuf .
!)= s'g} Jofj;flos lqmofsnfk ;+rfng gePsf] ePtfklg ;f] sf]
k"jf{wf/ ;d]t pknAw ePsf] / ;f] 3/ jf hUuf /x]sf] :yfgjf6
!)) dL= sf] cw{Jof;df sl/j %) Jofj;flos sf/f]jf/ /x]sf] :yn,
;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu k|of]u ePsf 3/ / ltgn] rr]{sf hUufx? .
!!= ;/sf/L ;]jf k|bfg ug{ :yfkgf ul/Psf sfof{nox? tyf ltgn]
rr]{sf hUuf jf eljiodf lgdf{0fsf] nflu 5'fOPsf hUufx? .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!$&

!@= ko{6sLo ultljlwdf pkof]u eO{ /x]sf If]qx?n] rr]{sf hUufx? .


!#= Jofj;flos If]qnfO{ d"ne"t?kdf b'O{j6f pkju{df juL{s/0f ug{
;lsg]5M
s_ ;/sf/L ;]jfIf]q
v_ Jofkfl/s If]q
3_ cf}Bf]lus If]q
ul/g]5 .

b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|of]udf ePsf hUufnfO{ cf}Bf]lus If]qdf juL{s/0f

!= s'g} klg sRrf kbfy{ pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u jf js{;k /x]sf] :yn,
;f] k|of]hgsf nflu lgdf{0f ePsf 3/ jf 6x/f tyf pBf]u ;+rfngsf]
nflu k|of]u ePsf] hUufx? .
@= s'g} klg vlgh kbfy{ pTkfbg, k|zf]wg ug]{ pBf]u /x]sf] If]q, ;f]xL
k|of]hgdf k|of]u ePsf] 3/, 6x/f tyf pBf]u ;+rfngsf] nflu
k| o f] u df cfPsf] hUuf jf vfgL ;+ r fng ePsf] hUuf .
#= kfgL k|zf]wg :yn, kfgL tfGg] kDk;]6 /x]sf] 3/ / ;f] 3/n] rr]s
{ f]
hUuf .
$= sf]On{ f, wft' tyf cGo j:t'x?sf] k|zf]wg :yn /x]sf hUuf, ;f] k|of]hgsf]
nflu k| o f] u ePsf ejg tyf ;f] ejgn] rr] { s f hUufx? .
%= vfBfGg k|zf]wg, k]o kbfy{ pTkfbg, ;'tL{hGo kbfy{ tyf k|zf]wg
:yn tyf ;f] k| o f] h gsf nflu 5' 6 \ o fOPsf hUufx? .
^= /;fog tyf ;f]sf] ;+of]hgaf6 ljleGg lsl;dsf kbfy{x?sf] pTkfbg
:yn tyf ;f] k| o f] h gsf] nflu 5' 6 \ o fOPsf hUufx? .
&= df]6/uf8Lx?sf] lgdf{0f tyf dd{t :yn, kmnfd tyf wft'hGo
kbfy{af6 lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L pTkfbg :yn tyf ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu
5'6\ofOPsf hUufx? .
*= sk8f tyf kf]zfs pTkfbg :yn tyf ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu 5'6o\ fOPsf]
hUuf .
!$*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

(= O{6+ f, df6fsf efF8fs'8F f, lzzf tyf l;d]G6sf] pTkfbg ul/Psf] :yn


tyf ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] hUuf .
!)= sf7hGo pTkfbg / kmlg{r/, sfuh tyf 5fkfvfgf ;+rfng /x]sf]
:yn tyf ;f] k| o f] h gsf] nflu 5' 6 \ o fOPsf hUufx? .
!!= s'g} klg pBf]u ;+rfng tyf /]vb]v ug{ cfjZos 3/, 6x/f tyf
js{;kn] rr]{sf] hUuf tyf sRrf kbfy{ e08f/0f ug{ pkof]u
ul/Psf] hUuf .
!@= pBf]ujf6 pTkflbt kmf]x/hGo kbfy{sf] lj;h{g ug{] k|of]hgsf nflu
k|of]u ePsf] hUuf .
!#= g]kfn ;/sf/n] 3f]if0ff u/]sf ljz]if cfly{s If]qx/ tyf ;f] If]qn]
rr]{sf] hUufx? .
_ ;fj{hlgs pkof]usf] If]q
b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|of]udf ePsf] hUufnfO{ ;fj{hlgs pkof]usf]
If]qdf juL{s/0f ul/g]5 .
!= ;8s ,af6f], k'n, ufO{a:t'sf] lgsf;, ljdfg:yn, cflbn] cf]u6]sf]
If]q .
@= s'g} ;fj{hlgs wfld{s ejg, z}lIfs ejg, c:ktfn cflb ejg
ePsf] :yn / ;f]n] rr]{sf] hUuf .
#= zx/L If]qsf] v'nf If]q, au}+rf, kfs{, lrl8ofvfgf, lkslgs :k6,
v]n d}bfg cflb /x]sf] :yn .
$= k|fs[lts tyf ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf tyf :tDex? /x]sf] :yn / ;f]n]
rr]{sf] hUuf .
%= ;fj{hlgs k':tsfno, ;+u|xfno, Uofn/L, /+uzfnf, se8{ xn,
v]ns'b d}bfg cflb /x]sf hUufx? .
^= vf]nfgfnf, gx/, s'nf], ju/, kfgL kw]/+ f], cGTo]li6:yn, kf]v/L, kf6L,
kf}jf, ;Qn, d7, u'Daf, dl:hb, rr{ cflb :yn / ;f] n] rr]{sf]
hUuf .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!$(

&= jGb/ufx, a;kfs{, sf/kfs{, ;8s k]6L, k|bz{gL :yn, Nof08lkmn


;fO6, ljBfno, SofDk;, ljZjljBfno cflbn] rr]{sf] hUuf .
*= k|x/L rf}sL, jf?0foGq, b"/;+rf/ a'y, ljh'nLsf] vDaf /x]sf] hUuf .
(= rf}tf/L, O{gf/, s'jf, 6'8F Lv]n cflb ;fj{hlgs ?kdf pkef]u ePsf
:ynx? / ltgn] rr]{sf hUufx? .
r_ jgIf]q
jg P]g, /fli6"o lgs'~h tyf jGohGt' ;+/If0f P]g, e" tyf hnfwf/
;+/If0f P]gdf kl/eflift ul/P nufot b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|of]udf ePsf]
hUufnfO{ jgIf]qdf juL{s/0f ul/g]5 .
!= k"0f{ jf cf+lzs ?kn] ?v tyf jg:kltn] 9flsPsf hUufx? .
@= lghL hUufdf s[lif k|of]hg jfx]s jgk}bfjf/ pTkfbg ug]{ dgzfon]
x'sf{Psf] ?v tyf jg:kltn] 9fs]sf hUufx? .
#= ;/sf/L, ;fd'bflos, sj'lnotL, wfld{s nufot ;a} k|sf/sf jg
h+un ePsf hUufx? .
$= ?v tyf jg:kltx? j[Iff/f]k0f ul/Psf ;/sf/L hUufx? .
%= ?v tyf jg:klt gePsf] ePtfklg cGo k|of]hgsf ?kdf juL{s/0f
gePsf phf8 hUufx? .
^= emf8L, k|fs[lts r/g, ;Ld;f/ If]q, /fli6o lgs'~h, jGohGt' cf/If,
lzsf/ cf/If, dWojtL{ If]q tyf ;+/lIft If]q /x]sf hUufx? .
&= kfgLsf] d'xfgnfO{ ;+/If0f ug{ x'sf{OPsf jf hf]ufOPsf ?v tyf
jg:kltn] 9fs]sf hUufx? .
*= hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 ;Da]bgzLn tyf hf]lvdo'Qm If]q .
(= gbLpsf;af6 k|fKt u/L lghL hUuf afx]ssf tyf jgIf]qsf nflu
tf]lsPsf hUufx? .

!%)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cg';"rL @M ;+u7g;+/rgf ;DaGwL lj:t[t ljj/0f


s_ e"pkof]u kl/ifbsf] u7g
e"pkof]u gLlt / e"ld;DjGwL ljifosf] ;du| Joj:yfkg, ;+:yfut
;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f Pj+ ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf hgzlQm ljsf;sf nflu g]kfn
;/sf/nfO{ ;do;dodf ;'emfj lbg df}h'bf e"pkof]u kl/ifbnfO{ cem
Jofks agfO{ yk lqmofzLn agfOg]5 . e"pkof]u kl/ifbsf] u7g b]xfo
cg';f/ ul/g]5M
pkfWoIf, /fli6o of]hgf cfof]u

cWoIf

;lrj, u[x dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, /Iff dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, cy{ dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, jg tyf e";+/If0f dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, ef}lts of]hgf tyf lgdf{0f dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, l;+rfO{ dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, sfg"g tyf Gofo dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, jftfj/0f dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, pBf]u dGqfno

;b:o

e"pkof]u ;DaGwL ljz]if1xdWo] g]kfn ;/sf/af6


dgf]lgt slDtdf ! hgf dlxnf ;lxt # hgf

;b:o

;lrj, e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno

;b:o;lrj

v_ e"pkof]u Joj:yfkg ljefusf] u7g


e"pkof]u gLlt sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg, e"pkof]u of]hgf tof/ ug]{
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!%!

cfwf/e"t ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ug{, e"pkof]u of]hgfx?sf] sfof{GjognfO{ lgodg,


cg'udg tyf sfof{Gjogdf ;xhLs/0f ug{ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno
cGtu{t xfn sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf] /fli6o e"pkof]u cfof]hgfnfO{ :yfoL
;+u7gsf] ?kdf k'g;{+/rgf u/L e"pkof]u Joj:yfkg ljefu :yfkgf
ul/g]5 . o;/L ljefusf] :yfkgf ubf{ e"pkof]u ;DaGwL ljlzi6Ls[t If]qsf
k|fljlwsx?nfO{ ;d]t ;+u7gdf ;d]6g] u/L ;+/rgf tof/ ul/g]5 . ljefusf]
u7g gx'bF f;Dd xfn sfod /x]sf]/fli6o e"pkof]u cfof]hgfaf6 pNn]lvt
sfo{x? ;Dkfbg ul/g] 5g\ .
u_ lhNnf:t/Lo e"pkof]u sfof{Gjog ;ldltsf] u7g
lhNnf:t/df e"pkof]u of]hgf th'd
{ f tyf sfof{Gjogdf k|fljlws
;xof]u tyf k/fdz{ k|bfg ug{ tyf lhNnfleqsf] e"pkof]u kl/jt{g
;DaGwL lg0f{o ug{ k|To]s lhNnfdf b]xfo adf]lhd e"pkof]u sfof{Gjog
;ldltsf] u7g ul/g]5 .
;efklt, lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt

cWoIf

k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t k|ltlglw

;b:o

sfof{no k|d'v, lhNnf jg sfof{no

;b:o

sfof{no k|d'v, lhNnf e" ;+/If0f sfof{no

;b:o

sfof{no k|d'v, s[lif ljsf; sfof{no

;b:o

sfof{no k|d'v, zx/L ljsf; l8lehg sfof{no

;b:o

sfof{no k|d'v, l;+rfO{ sfof{no

;b:o

sfof{no k|d'v, dfnkf]t sfof{no -;DalGwt If]q_

;b:o

sfof{no k|d'v, e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no

;b:o

sfof{no k|d'v, gfkL sfof{no -;DalGwt If]q_

;b:o

:yfgLo txsf] ;DalGwt If]qdf cfj4 ;+3;+:yfsf k|ltlglw tyf


j'l4hLjLx?dWo] lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltaf6 dgf]lgt slDtdf
! hgf dlxnf ;lxt @ hgf
;b:o
:yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L
!%@

;b:o;lrj
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

lhNnf:t/df e"pkof]u ;DaGwL sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug]{ lhDd]jf/L


lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] /xg] 5 . lhNnfdf e"pkof]u ;DaGwL sfo{qmd
;+rfng ug{ tyf lhNnf:t/Lo e"pkof]u sfof{Gjog ;ldltnfO{ e"pkof]u
gSzf tof/ ug]{, e"pkof]u of]hgf th'{df ug]{ ;Gbe{df k|fljlws ;xof]u
cfjZos k/]df lhNnfl:yt gfkL sfof{non] ;f] pknJw u/fpg] 5 . ;f]
qmddf gfkL sfof{nonfO{ cfjZos kg]{ ;fwg;|ft] sf] Joj:yf lhNnf ljsf;
;ldltn] g} ug'{kg]{5 .
3_ ufpFljsf; ;ldlt jf gu/kflnsf:t/Lo e"pkof]u sfof{Gjog ;ldltsf] u7g
ufpFljsf; ;ldlt jf gu/kflnsf:t/df e"pkof]u of]hgf lgdf{0f
tyf sfof{Gjogdf k|fljlws ;xof]u tyf k/fdz{ k|bfg ug{ ufpFljsf;
;ldlt jf gu/kflnsfdf e"pkof]u sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug{ b]xfo cg';f/sf]
;ldlt u7g ul/g]5 .
k|d'v, ufpFljsf; ;ldlt gu/kflnsf

cWoIf

;DalGwt j8fsf] cWoIf

;b:o

;DalGwt ufpFljsf; ;ldlt=gu/kflnsf x]g]{ s[lif k|fljlws

;b:o

;DalGwt ufpFljsf; ;ldlt gu/kflnsf x]g]{ jg k|fljlws

;b:o

;DalGwt ufpFljsf; ;ldltgu/kflnsfsf]


j8f x]g]{ dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] sd{rf/L

;b:o

;DalGwt ufpFljsf; ;ldltgu/kflnsfsf] j8f


x]g]{ gfkL sfof{nosf] sd{rf/L

;b:o

:yfgLo a'l4hLjLx?dWo] ufpFljsf; ;ldlt gu/kflnsfaf6


dgf]lgt slDtdf ! hgf dlxnf ;lxt @ hgf
;b:o
ufpFljsf; ;ldltsf] ;lrjgu/kflnsfsf] of]hgf zfvf k|dv
' ;b:o;lrj
:yfgLo :t/ -gu/kflnsf jf ufpFljsf; ;ldlt_ df e"pkof]u ;DaGwL
sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug]{ lhDd]jf/L ;f]xL lgsfosf] /xg]5 . :yfgLo:t/df
e"pkof]u ;DaGwL sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{ tyf :yfgLo:t/sf] e"pkof]u
sfof{Gjog ;ldltnfO{ e"pkof]u gSzf tof/ ug],{ e"pkof]u of]hgf th'd
{ f
ug]{ ;Gbe{df k|fljlws ;xof]u cfjZos k/]df lhNnfl:yt ;DalGwt gfkL
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!%#

sfof{non] ;f] pknJw u/fpg] 5 . ;f] qmddf gfkL sfof{nonfO{ cfjZos


kg] { ;fwg;| f ] t sf] Joj:yf ;DalGwt lgsfon] g} ug' { k g] { 5 .
_ If]qflwsf/sf] afF8kmfF8
e"pkof]u of]hgf th'd
{ f u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;Gbe{df s]Gb|, lhNnf
/ :yfgLo:t/sf] If]qflwsf/ b]xfo cg';f/ x'g]5M

!%$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

/fli6o ;xsf/L gLlt, @)^(


-g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ldltM @)^((!&_
!= k[i7e"ld
;xsf/L k4ltdf cfwfl/t pBf]u Joj;fosf] :yfkgf u/L b]zsf]
cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ljsf;df of]ubfg k'ofpg' ;xsf/Lsf] d'Vo p2]Zo
xf] . ;xsf/L ;fdflhs cy{Joj:yfsf] dxTjk"0f{ s8L klg xf] . ul/jL lgjf/0f,
pTkfbs k"0f{ /f]huf/Lsf] l;h{gf, ;fdflhs PsLs/0f / jftfj/0f ;+/If0fdf
;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fosf] of]ubfg dxTjk"0f{ x'g] cfwf/df ;+oQ
' m /fi6 ;+3n]
;b:o /fi6x?nfO{ ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{g ug{ pTk]|l/t ;d]t
u/]af6 o; If]qsf] dxTj k|i6 x'g cfPsf] 5 . ;+oQ
' m /fi6 ;+3sf] dxf;efn]
;g\ @)!@ nfO{ cGt/f{li6o ;xsf/L jif{ 3f]if0ff u/L b]zsf] ;fdflhs tyf
cfly{s ljsf;df ;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fosf] ckl/xfo{tfsf] ;+b]z lbPsf]
5 . cGt/f{li6o ;xsf/L jif{sf] cj;/df ;xsf/L If]qsf] ;Gt'lnt ljsf;sf
nflu klxnf] k6s hf/L ul/Psf] of] /fli6o ;xsf/L gLlt,@)^( n] P]ltxfl;s
dxTj ;d]t /fv]sf] 5 .
@= ljutsf k|of;x?
g]kfndf lj=;+= @)!) ;fndf ;xsf/L ljefusf] :Yffkgf ePkl5
;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf; cf/De ePsf] xf] . lj=;+= @)!# ;fn r}q @) ut]
klxnf] ;xsf/Lsf] ?kdf lrtjg lhNnfdf avfg C0f ;xsf/L ;ldltsf]
u7g ul/Psf] lyof] . g]kfndf lj=;+= @)!^ ;fndf klxnf] k6s ;xsf/L
P]g hf/L ePsf] xf] . lj=;+= @)$^ ;fn cufl8;Dd cg's"n /fhgLlts
jftfj/0fsf] cefjn] ;xsf/L If]qsf] ck]lIft ljsf; x'g ;s]sf] lyPg .
k|hftGqsf] k"g:y{fkgf kl5 ;xsf/Lsf cGt/f{li6o ?kdf :jLsf/ ul/Psf
d"No / l;4fGtx?sf] k[i7e"lddf ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* hf/L eof] / :jM:km"t{
kdf b]ze/L ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ x'g] jftfj/0f
aGof] . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# df b]zsf] ;du| cfly{s ljsf;sf]
nflu ;/sf/, ;xsf/L / lghL If]qnfO{ ;+oQ
' m ?kdf kl/rfng ug]{ ;+jw} flgs
Joj:yf ;d]t ePsf] 5 . ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] u7g, ;~rfng /
lgodgsf nflu ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* / ;xsf/L lgodfjnL, @)$( k|rngdf

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!%%

/x]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L ;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf;df ;3fp k'ofpg gLltut


k[i7kf]if0f, cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg, k|j4{g / ;dGjosf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{
u/L /fli6o ;xsf/L ljsf; af]8{ P]g, @)$( cg';f/ /fli6o ;xsf/L ljsf;
af]8{sf] u7g klg ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf cltl/Qm /fli6o s[lif gLlt, @)^!
/ s[lif Joj;fo k|j4{g gLlt, @)^# n] klg s[lif If]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu
;xsf/L k4ltsf] k|of]u / ljsf;nfO{ hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . oL ;a} k|of;x?sf]
afah'b klg ;xsf/L dfkm{t ;du| cfly{s If]qsf] ljsf;sf] nflu lbzf
lglb{i6 ug]{ /fli6o ;xsf/L gLltsf] th'{df x'g eg] ;s]sf] lyPg .
#= jt{dfg l:ylt
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f #% -@_ df ;/sf/,
;xsfl/tf / lghL If]qsf] dfWodaf6 d'ns
' df cy{tGqsf] ljsf; ug]{ gLlt
/fHon] cjnDag ug]{ 5 eGg] k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 . xfn;Dd d'ns
' df s/Lj
@& xhf/ k|f/lDes ;xsf/L ;+:yfx, ^^ j6f lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3x?, !%&
j6f ljifout lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3x, !^ j6f ljifout s]Gb|Lo ;+3x,
@( j6f zfvfx? ;lxt Ps /fli6o ;xsf/L a}s
+ / ;a}eGbf dflyNnf] ;+3sf]
?kdf /fli6o ;xsf/L ;+3sf] :yfkgf eO{;s]sf] 5 . ;xsf/Ldf #* nfv
eGbf a9L g]kfnL gful/sx? ;b:osf] ?kdf hf]l8Psf 5g\ . ;xsf/Lsf
;b:oxdf dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf $) k|ltzt eGbf klg a9L /xg'n] dlxnf
;zlQms/0fdf ;xsf/Ln] of]ubfg k'ofPsf] ;xh} cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .
dlxnfx dfq ;b:o /xL ;~rfng ePsf ;xsf/L ;+:yfxsf] ;+Vof @%
;o eGbf a9L k'us
] f] 5 . ;xsf/Lxsf] s"n z]o/ k"h
F L = @& ca{, jrt
lgIf]k = !$) ca{ / nufgL = !#$ ca{ k'u]sf] 5 . b]zsf] s"n ljQLo
sf/f]jf/df ;xsf/Ln] !% k|ltztsf] lx:;f cf]u6]sf] 5 . ;xsf/L ;+3
;+:yfxdf %) xhf/ eGbf a9L g]kfnL gful/sx?n] k|ToIf / sl/j % nfv
eGbf a9Ln] ck|ToIf /f]huf/L k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . /fHo / lghL If]qsf] kx'Fr
gk'us
] f 7fpF tyf ;d'bfodf ;d]t ;xsf/Laf6 :yflgo afl;Gbfx? nfeflGjt
aGg ;s]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . zx/L If]qdf afx'Notf /x]sf] eP tfklg b]zsf]
&% j6} lhNnfdf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 . ;xsf/L ;+3
;+:yfxsf] btf{, cg'udg, lgodg / k|j4{gsf nflu ;xsf/L ljefu cGtu{t
#* j6f l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{noxsf] :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 . ;xsf/Lsf
kbflwsf/L Pj+ sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ;xsf/L ;DaGwL k|lzIf0f lbg s]Gb|Lo:t/sf]
Pp6f ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb| / kfFr ljsf; If]qdf PsPs j6f k|lzIf0f
!%^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

s]Gb|x l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no ;d]tsf] sfd ug]{ u/L lqmoflzn /x]sf
5g\ . ;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{gdf k|efjsf/L e"ldsf lgjf{x
ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] @)^( ;fn h]i7 % ut] ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f
dGqfnosf] :yfkgf ;d]t u/]sf] 5 . ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] ;~rfng /
Joj:yfkgnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg ;xsf/L ljefuaf6 dfkb08 hf/L u/L
;f]sf] cfwf/df l;ldt ?kdf ePklg cg'udg tyf lgodg ug]{ ul/Psf]
5 . ;xsf/L dfkm{t art kl/rfng tyf nufgL clej[l4 ub}{ ;xsf/LnfO{
d'n'ssf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts ljsf;sf] dxTjk"0f{ dfWod
agfpg] Pj+ ul/jL lgjf/0f, /f]huf/L l;h{gf tyf u|fdL0f ljsf;df ;xsf/LnfO{
k|fyldstfsf ;fy cl3 a9fpg] nIo ;lxt ;xsf/L ;DaGwL ljljw
sfo{qmdx? th'{df u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] 5 .
$= ;d:of tyf r'gf}tLx?
;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu ljutdf w]/} k|of;x ul/Psf]
ePtf klg ck]lIft pknlAw xfl;n x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . /fli6o ;xsf/L
gLltsf] th'{df x'g g;Sbf ;xsf/L If]qsf] ax'cfoflds ljsf;sf nflu
:ki6 dfu{ lrqsf] cefj /x]sf] lyof] . k|rlnt ;xsf/L P]gdf ;do ;fk]If
kl/dfh{g x'g g;s]sf]n] ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfxsf] btf{, ;~rfng, cg'udg
/ lgodg;DaGwL sfo{xdf k|efjsfl/tf Nofpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . :jMlgodgsf]
cEof;sf nflu xfnsf Joj:yfx? k|efjsf/L gePsf]n] ;xsf/Ldf ;'zf;g
;'lglZrt ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?
/ ;xsf/L a}+ssf nflu :ki6 sfg"gL Joj:yf x'g g;Sbf ;xsf/L dfkm{t
x'g] ljQLo sf/f]jf/nfO{ Jojl:yt, ;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ agfpg sl7gfO{ ePsf]
5 . d'n'sdf ;xsf/Lsf] k|j4{gsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ cf}krfl/s ;xsf/L
lzIff, tflnd tyf Jojl:yt ;xsf/L ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] pko'Qm ljsf; x'g
afFsL g} 5 . ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ lbOg] cg'bfg, C0f / s/ 5'6sf ;'ljwfxsf
ljifodf gLltut :ki6tfsf] vfFrf] 5 . pTkfbgzLn If]qx?df ;xsf/Lsf]
of]ubfg a9fpg g;Sbf :j/f]huf/d"ns jftfj/0f l;h{gf x'g g;sL >d
zlQm tyf k|ltefx? knfog x'g] qmd Go"g ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . If]qut gLlt
/ sfo{qmdx?sf] cefjdf t'ngfTds nfesf pBf]u Joj;fox?df ;xsf/L
k4ltsf] pkof]u x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/sf nflu
k|zf;lgs lhDd]jf/L af]s]sf] ;xsf/L ljefusf] ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f x'g
;s]sf] 5}g . xfn klg #& lhNnfx?df ;xsf/L sfof{nox?sf] :yfkgf
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!%&

gePsf]n] To; e]usf hgtfx?nfO{ ;xsf/L ;DaGwL /fHo k|bQ ;]jf k|fKt
ug{ sl7gfO{ eO/x]sf] 5 . ;xsf/Lsf ljleGg txsf ;+3xn] ;xsf/L
If]qsf] ljsf;, Joj:yfkg / Joj;fonfO{ k|j4{g ug]{ sfddf k|efjsf/L
e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ g;ls/x]sf] cj:yf 5 .
%= ;xsf/L gLltsf] cfjZostf
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# n] cfly{s ljsf;sf] gLlt cjnDag ug{]
;Gbe{df ;xsf/L If]qsf] e"ldsfnfO{ cToGt} dxTj lbPsf] 5 . ;xsf/L
If]qnfO{ /fli6o ljsf;sf tLg cfwf/ :tDe dWo] Pssf] kdf /fHof/f
' df ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{gsf nflu
:jLsf/ ul/Psf] 5 . d'ns
k|f/lDes txb]lv /fli6o tx;Ddsf] ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f eO;s]sf]
5 . s[lif, ljQ, :jf:Yo, lzIff, oftfoft, ;~rf/, ljB't, cfjf;, ko{6g,
jLdf h:tf If]qxdf ;xsf/L k4ltaf6 pBf]u Joj;fo ug]{ cfsif{0f a9\b}
uPsf] 5 . u|fdL0f If]qsf nlIft ;d'bfosf cgf}krfl/s ;d"xx? ;xsf/L
k|lt cfslif{t x'g' ;xsf/L If]qsf] pknlAwsf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 . ;xsf/L
dfkm{t b]zsf] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ljsf;df of]ubfg k'ofpg /fli6o
tyf cGt/f{li6o lgsfox?sf] ;xof]u kl/rfng x'g] oy]i6 ;Defjgf klg
5 . ;fdflhs PsLs/0f, ul/aL Go"gLs/0f, pTkfbgzLn /f]huf/Lsf] l;h{gf,
dof{lbt Pj+ ;sf/fTds >d ;DaGw, jftfj/0f ;+/If0f, ;dtfd"ns ;dfj]zL
;dfhsf] lgdf{0f, pBdzLntfsf] ljsf;, :jR5 / k|lt:kwL{ Jofj;flos
jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf, pTkfbgdf a[l4 h:tf pknAwL xfl;n u/L b]zsf]
;fdflhs tyf cfly{s ljsf;df ;xsf/L If]qaf6 of]ubfg k'ofpg pBf]u
Joj;fodf ;xsf/Lsf] Jojxfl/s k|of]usf nflu /fli6o ;xsf/L gLltsf]
ckl/xfo{tf dxz"; ul/Psf] 5 . o;} k[i7e"lddf g]kfnsf] ;xsf/L If]qsf]
ljsf;sf] nflu of] /fli6o ;xsf/L gLlt, @)^( th'{df ul/Psf] xf] .
^= b'/ b[li6 (Vision):
d'n'ssf] lbuf] / ;dtfd"ns cfly{s ljsf; tyf cu|ufdL ;fdflhs
?kfGt/0fsf nflu ;jn / ;Ifd ;xsf/L k|0ffnL .
&= bL3{sfnLg nIo (Long-term Goal):
:yflgo >d, ;Lk / k"h
F LnfO{ clwstd ?kdf kl/rfng ug]{ u/L ;xsf/LnfO{
cy{tGqsf] Ps ;jn :tDesf] kdf ljsl;t ub}{ cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs
ljsf;sf] /fli6o nIodf of]ubfg k'ofpg] .
!%*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*= p2]Zox? (Objectives):
*=!

lzIff, tflnd / ;"rgfsf] dfWodaf6 ;xsf/Lsf] ;+:yfut Ifdtf


ljsf; / ;xsf/L ;DaGwL hgr] t gf clea[ l 4 ug] { .

*=@

s[lif If]q nufot cGo pTkfbg tyf ;]jfdf cfwfl/t ;a} k|sf/sf
Joj;fodf ;xsf/LnfO{ lqmofzLn t'Nofpg] .

*=#

dlxnf, ul/a, ;LdfGts[t, ckf, e"ldxLg tyf lk5l8Psf ju{ /


>ldsx?sf ;fy} cfd gful/sx?sf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg
;xsf/Lsf] kx'Fr clea[l4 ug]{ .

*=$ ;xsf/L k|al4{t pBf]u Joj;fosf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ub}{ ;xsf/L
If] q nfO{ k| e fjsf/L, k| l t:kwL{ Pj+ u' 0 f:t/Lo agfpg] .
*=%

;xsf/Lsf] lglb{i6 d"No / l;4fGtxsf] cEof; ub}{ k|efjsf/L


Joj:yfkg ljlwsf] cjnDag tyf lgodg dfkm{t ;xsf/L If]qdf
;'zf;g sfod ug]{ .

*=^

;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fox?sf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{g ug{ ;/sf/,


;xsf/L, lghLIf]q tyf ljsf; ;fem]bf/x? jLr ;xsfo{ / ;xof]unfO{
k|j4{g ug]{ .

*=&

;xsf/Lsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{gsf nflu bL3{sfnLg of]hgf,


dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf;, cfjZos ;+u7g ;+/rgfx?sf] lgdf{0f Pj+
sfg"gL Joj:yfx? ug]{ .

(= gLltx? (Policies)
(=! lzIff, tflnd / ;"rgfsf] dfWodaf6 ;xsf/Lsf] ;+:yfut Ifdtf
ljsf; / ;xsf/L;DaGwL hgr]tgf clea[l4 ug]{ ;DaGwdf
b]xfosf gLltx? cjnDag ul/g] 5 M
(=!=!= ;xsf/Lsf] d"No / l;4fGtxnfO{ cg';/0f ug{ u/fpg ;a}
;xsf/L ;+ 3 ;+ : yfx?nfO{ clek| ] l /t ul/g] 5 .
(=!=@= ;xsf/L lzIff, tflnd / ;"rgfnfO{ Jofks / k|efjsf/L
agfpg ;DalGwt ;/sf/L lgsfo tyf ;xsf/L ;+3
;+ : yfx?nfO{ k| e fjsf/L 9+ u n] kl/rfng ul/g] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!%(

(=!=#= ;b:ox?sf] r]tgf clej[l4 ug{ / Joj:yfkg Ifdtf a9fpg


;xsf/L cg'lzIf0f / tflndnfO{ clgjfo{ ul/b} nlug] 5 .
(=!=$ ;xsf/L ;DaGwL tflnd lbg] / ;"rgf ;Dk]if0f ug]{ sfddf
;xsf/Lsf ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] cu|;/tf / ;xeflutfnfO{ k|fT] ;flxt
ul/g] 5 .
(=!=% cfd gful/sx?nfO{ ;xsf/L ;DaGwL hgr]tgf clea[l4sf
nflu ;/sf/, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;xsf/L If]q, gful/s ;dfh,
ljsf; ;fem]bf/, z}lIfs If]q, ;~rf/ hutsf ;fy} ;Da4
;fdflhs ;+3 ;+:yfx? kl/rfng ul/g] 5 .
(=@ s[lif If]q nufot cGo pTkfbg tyf ;]jfdf cfwfl/t ;a} k|sf/sf
Joj;fodf ;xsf/LnfO{ lqmofzLn t'Nofpg b]xfosf gLltx?
cjnDag ul/g] 5 M
(=@=!= ;xsf/L k4ltaf6 pBf]u Joj;fo :yfkgf / ;~rfng ug{
s'g} cj/f]w gx'g] u/L ;DalGwt ljifox?sf] If]qut gLlt
tyf sfg"gx?df kl/dfh{g ul/g] 5 .
(=@=@ >ldsx?sf] :jfldTj /xg] ;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fo dfkm{t
/f]huf/Lsf] l;h{gf ug{ gLltut Joj:yfsf ;fy} pko'Qm
sfo{ q mdx?sf] th" { d f u/L sfof{ G jog ul/g] 5 .
(=@=# ;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fonfO{ :jR5 / jftfj/0f d}qL agfpg
cfjZos k| l jlwsf] pkof] u df k| f ] T ;flxt ul/g] ] 5 .
(=@=$ s[lif pTkfbg, e08f/0f, k|zf]wg tyf ahfl/s/0f / s[lif
;fdu|Lsf] cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkgdf s[lif ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf]
;+UngtfnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g] 5 .
(=@=% ;fj{hlgs If]qsf snsf/vfgf, s[lif kmd{ tyf ahf/
s]Gb|x?sf] Joj:yfkgdf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] ;+nUgtf
/ ;xeflutfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg] 5 .
(=@=^ s[lif, lzIff, :jf:Yo, phf{, jLdf, ko{6g, ;~rf/ h:tf
pTkfbg tyf ;]jfsf pBf]u Joj;fodf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf]
nufgL / Joj:yfkgnfO{ pTk]|l/t ul/g] 5 .
!^)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

(=@=& :yfgLo k"FhL, >d, ;Lk / ;fwgsf] kl/rfng u/L u|fdL0f


cy{tGqsf] ljsf; ug{ ;xsf/Ldf cfwfl/t s[lif;Fu ;DalGwt
pBf]u Joj;fonfO{ k|j4{g ul/g] 5 .
(=#

dlxnf, ul/a, ckf, ;LdfGts[t, e"ldxLg tyf lk5l8Psf ju{ /


>ldsx?sf ;fy} cfd gful/sx?sf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg
;xsf/Lsf] kx'Fr clea[l4 ug{ b]xfosf gLltx? cjnDag ul/g]
5M
(=#=! n}l+ us b[li6sf]0fn] kl5 k/]sf ;xsf/Ldf cfj4 dlxnfx?nfO{
Psn tyf ;fd"lxs ?kdf pBf]u Joj;fo ;~rfng ug]{
Ifdtf ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ Jofj;flos tyf
;Lkd"ns tflnd k|bfg ug{ ;xof]u pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
(=#=@ ljkGg kl/jf/nfO{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?df cfa4 u/fO{ ;fd"lxs
pBf]u Joj;fox? ;~rfng u/L pgLx?sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs
tyf ;f+:s[lts ljsf;df of]ubfg k'ofpg] u/L nlIft
sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ul/g] 5 .
(=#=# nlIft ;d"xf/f ;~rfng ul/g] pBf]u Joj;fox?sf nflu
jLFp k"FhLsf] Joj:yfkg Pj+ Jofj;flos Ifdtf clea[l4
ug{ ;x'lnotk"0f{ C0f tyf k"h
F Lut cg'bfg pknAw u/fpg]
Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
(=#=$ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] g]tT[ jdf n}l+ us ;dfgtf / ;dfj]zLsf]
cjwf/0ff ljsf; ug{ ;sf/fTds lje]bsf ljz]if Joj:yfx?sf
;fy} g]tT[ j Ifdtf ljsf;sf nflu ;zlQms/0fsf sfo{qmdx?
;~rfng ul/g] 5 .
(=#=% ljsf; ;fem]bf/xsf] ;xsfo{df nlIft ;d'bfo / If]qdf
;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] :yfkgf / ;~rfngsf sfo{qmdx?
;~rfng ul/g] 5 .
(=#=^ cgf}krfl/s ;d"xx?nfO{ ;xsf/Ldf ?kfGt/0f u/L Ifdtf
clea[l4sf sfo{qmdx? ;lxt ;+:yf btf{sf] k|s[ofnfO{
;xsf/Lsf sfof{ n ox?af6 ;xlhs/0f ul/g] 5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!^!

(=#=& ;d'bfosf ;b:ox?nfO{ ;xsf/Lsf] dfWodaf6 Psh'6 eO{


pBf]u Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ pTk|l] /t ug{] vfnsf sfo{qmdx?
;~rfng ul/g] 5 .
(=#=* ul/j 3/kl/jf/ klxrfg ;lxt To:tf JolQmx?nfO{ ;xsf/Ldf
;+ul7t u/L art kl/rfng, ljgf lwtf] shf{, hf]lvd
Joj:yfkg, ;Lkd"ns tflnd, s[lif pTkfbg tyf n3' pBd
:yfkgfdf ;xof]u pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
(=$

;xsf/L k|al4{t pBf]u Joj;fosf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ub{} ;xsf/L


If]qnfO{ k|lt:kwL{, k|efjsf/L Pj+ u'0f:t/Lo agfpg b]xfosf
gLltx? cjnDag ul/g] 5 M
(=$=! ;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fonfO{ k|lt:kwL{ agfpg ;xsf/L k|lt
/x]sf ;a} k|sf/sf lje]bsf/L Joj:yfx?sf] cGTo ul/g] 5 .
(=$=@ cfly{s ljsf;sf ;Defljt If]qx?df ;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fosf]
lj:tf/ Pj+ ljljlws/0fnfO{ k| f ] T ;fxg ul/g] 5 .
(=$=# ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ ;Ifd agfpg ljQLo ;xof]u pknAw
u/fpg'sf ;fy} cfjZos k"jf{wf/sf] kx'Fr clea[l4 ul/g]
5.
(=$=$ ;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fonfO{ gfkmfd"ns ge} ;b:o /
;d'bfosf] ;]jfk|lt s]lGb|t agfpg / ;xsf/Lsf] Joj:yfkgnfO{
l;4fGtlgi6 agfpg pko'Qm s/ k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/g]
5.
(=$=% /f]huf/L l;h{gf, pTkfbgdf a[l4, :yfgLo ;DefJotfsf]
pkof]u, ;]jf k|jfxdf u'0f:t/Lotf Pj+ pTkfbgsf] d"No
clea[l4df of]ubfg k'ofpg] ;xsf/L pBf]ux?sf] :yfkgf
/ Ifdtf clea[l4sf] sfo{df ;xof]usf sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng
ul/g] 5 .
(=$=^ ;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fox?sf] ;du| Joj:yfkgnfO{ k|efjsf/L
agfpg ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] pkof]udf ljz]if hf]8 lbOg] 5 .

!^@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

(=$=& ;xsf/L If]qdf cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;sf] sfo{nfO{ k|fT] ;flxt


ub}{ o; If]qdf gljg k|of]u tyf ;Defjgfsf gFof If]qx?sf]
klxrfg ul/g] 5 .
(=% ;xsf/Lsf] lglb{i6 d"No / l;4fGtxsf] cEof; ub}{ k|efjsf/L
Joj:yfkg ljlwsf] cjnDag tyf lgodg dfkm{t ;xsf/L If]qdf
;'zf;g sfod ug]{;DaGwdf b]xfosf gLltx? c+uLsf/ ul/g]
5M
(=%=! ;xsf/Lsf kbflwsf/L, Joj:yfks / sd{rf/Lx?sf] u'0f:t/
/ Ifdtf clej[l4df ljz]if hf]8 lbOg] 5 .
(=%=@ ;xsf/Lsf] Joj:yfkgnfO{ ljlw / k|lqmofdf cfwfl/t agfO{
;xeflutf, kf/blz{tf / hjfkmb]lxtfnfO{ Jojxf/df ;"lglZrt
ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
(=%=# ;xsf/Lsf kbflwsf/L, Joj:yfks / sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ;xsf/L
;~rfngsf dfkb08x? / cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf] kfngfdf lhDd]jf/
agfOg] 5 .
(=%=$ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfxsf] cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k4lt /
n]vfk/LIf0fnfO{ yk Jojl:yt u/L :jlgodgsf] cEof;nfO{
k|efjsf/L agfOg] 5 .
(=%=% lglZrt l;dfeGbf a9Lsf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;xsf/Lsf] Joj:yfkgdf
;~rfns ;ldlt / Joj:yfkg jLrsf] sfo{ ljefhg /
;DaGwnfO{ kl/eflift u/L ;+:yfut ;+:s[lt (Corporate
Culture) sf] ljsf; ul/g] 5 .
(=%=^ k|efjsf/L ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0fsf] ljlw cjnDag u/L u/fO{
;xsf/Lsf ;b:ox?df ;"rgf tyf hgr]tgf k|jfx u/L
;xsf/Ldf ;'zf;gsf] k|j4{g ul/g] 5 .
(=%=& ;xsf/L dfkm{t x'g] ljQLo sf/f]jf/nfO{ ;'/lIft / e/kbf]{
agfpg ;a} ;xsf/Lsf] lgoldt cg'udg / ;f] sf] cfwf/df
lgodg x'g] k|efjsf/L Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
(=%=* Joj:yfkgdf ;xsf/L k4lt ljk/Ltsf sfo{x? / ;xsf/Lsf]
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!^#

>f]t ;fwgsf] b'?kof]u ug]{ k|jl[ Q cGTo ug{ z"Go ;xgzLntfsf]


gLlt cjnDag ul/g] 5 .
(=%=( ;xsf/Lsf] ;+3Lo ;+/rgfnfO{ Jofj;flos / ;b:o ;+3
;+:yfx?k|lt a9L lhDd]jf/ agfpg k|efjsf/L sfg"gL Joj:yf
ul/g] 5 .
(=%=!) ;xsf/Lx jLr :j:y k|lt:kwf{sf] ljsf; ug{ ;+:yfx?nfO{
ljifout ;+3x?df cfa4 u/fO{ ;xsf/Lx? jLrsf] ;xsfo{sf]
;+:s[ltnfO{ k|a4{g ul/g] 5 .
(=%=!! ;xsf/Lsf] d"No / l;4fGtx?sf] k|a4{g ug{ tyf ;xsf/L ;+3
;+:yfx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4df ;xof]u k'ofpg u}/ gfkmfd"ns
;xsf/L ;+ : yfx?sf] u7gnfO{ k| f ] T ;fxg ul/g] 5 .
(=^

;xsf/Lsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{g ug{ ;/sf/, ;xsf/L, lghLIf]q


tyf ljsf; ;fem]bf/x? aLr ;xsfo{ / ;xof]unfO{ k|j4{g
ug] { ;DaGwdf b] x fosf gLltx? canDag ul/g] 5 M
(=^=! ;/sf/, lghL If]q / ;xsf/L jLrsf] ;xsfo{ / ;fem]bf/Ldf
pTkfbg tyf ;]jfd"ns pBf]u Joj;fox?sf] :yfkgf ug{
k|f]T;fxg ul/g] 5 .
(=^=@ ;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fosf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{gdf
:yfgLo lgsfo tyf ljsf; ;fem]bf/xsf] ;xeflutfnfO{
k|f]T;flxt ul/g] 5 .
(=^=# b]zsf] cfly{s ljsf;df ;xsf/L If]qsf] of]ubfg clea[l4
ug{ pTkfbgsf cGo If]qx?;Fu cu| tyf k[i7 ;DaGw sfod
x'g] ljz]if Joj:yfx? ul/g] 5 .
(=^=$ /fli6o cy{tGqdf ;xsf/L If]qsf] of]ubfgnfO{ u0fgf u/L
k|sfzg ug]{ u/L lhDd]jf/ lgsfox?nfO{ kl/rfng ul/g]
5.
(=^=% ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{gdf ;DalGwt ;/sf/L,
u}/ ;/sf/L tyf ;xof]uL lgsfox?sf] ;xof]unfO{ ;dGjofTds
9+ u n] kl/rfng ug] { k4ltsf] ljsf; ul/g] 5 .

!^$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

(=^=^ hgzlQm ljsf;, cWoog cg';Gwfg tyf cg'z/0f, nlIft


;d'bfo / If]qdf ;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fosf] ljsf; ;DaGwL
PsLs[t sfo{qmd Pj+ ;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fonfO{ 6]jf k'Ug]
k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf nflu lkIfLo tyf ax'kIfLo j}b]lzs
;xof]u kl/rfng u/L ;xsf/L If]qsf] ;Gt'lnt / ck]lIft
ljsf; ul/g] 5 .
(=^=& ;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu Go"g x'g] k"FhL kl/k"lt{ ug{
;x'lnotk"0f{ C0f tyf cg'bfg ;xof]usf nflu j}bl] zs Pj+
cfGtl/s >f]t kl/rfngsf cj;/sf] pkof]u ul/g] 5 .
(=^=* /fli6o ;xsf/L cleofgnfO{ ljZj ;xsf/L cleofg;Fu hf]8L
/fd|f cEof;x?sf] cg';/0f Pj+ cfk;L ;xof]ux? k|a4{g
ug{ ldq /fi6x?;Fu lklIfo, If]qLo / cGt/f{li6o:t/df
;DaGw / ;xsfo{sf] nflu /rgfTds k|of;x? ul/g] 5 .
;xsf/Lsf] ljZj cleofg;Fu g]kfnsf] ;DaGw lj:tf/ /
ljsl;t ub}}{ nlug] 5 .
(=&

;xsf/Lsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{gsf] nflu bL3{sfnLg of]hgf,


dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf;, cfjZos ;+u7g ;+/rgfx?sf] lgdf{0f
Pj+ sfg"gL Joj:yfx? ug]{ ;DaGwdf b]xfosf gLltx? canDjg
ul/g] 5 M
(=&=! ;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|a4{gsf nflu bL3{sfnLg
/0fgLlts of]hgfsf] th"{df u/L sfof{Gjog ul/g] 5 .
(=&=@ ljBfno tyf pRr lzIffsf] kf7\oqmddf ;xsf/L lzIffnfO{
plrt :yfg lbg'sf ;fy} ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|x?sf] Ifdtf,
u'0f:t/ / kx'Fr clea[l4 ul/g] 5 .
(=&=# ;xsf/L ljefu tyf cGtu{tsf sfof{nox?sf] ;+u7g
;+/rgfdf k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ;]jf k|jfxnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfOg]
5.
(=&=$ ;xsf/L ;+3x?nfO{ ;xsf/L cleofgsf] cu'jfO{ ug]{ / Joj:ffonfO{
;'b9[ ug]{ p2]Zo tkm{ s]lGb|t x'g] u/L ;xsf/L If]qsf] :jfoQtf
/ :jtGqtfsf] cEof;nfO{ ;'b9[ ul/g] 5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!^%

(=&=% ;]jf / pTkfbgsf] k|sl[ tsf] cfwf/df ljifout ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] u7g
/ ;~rfngnfO{ k|fT] ;fxg x'g] u/L ;+3 ;+:yf btf{ ;DaGwL k|fawfgx?
:ki6 ul/g] 5 .
!)= /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLltx? (Strategies & Working Policies):
!)=!

lzIff, tflnd / ;"rgfsf] dfWodaf6 ;xsf/Lsf] ;+:yfut


Ifdtf ljsf; / ;xsf/L ;DaGwL] hgr]tgf clea[l4 ug]{
gLltx? sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg b]xfosf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLltx?
cjnDag ul/g] 5 M
!)=!=! ;xsf/Lsf] cEof;nfO{ kl/:s[t ub}{ n}hfg ;xsf/Lsf
;b:ox?nfO{ ;xsf/L lzIff / kbflwsf/L x?nfO{ ;xsf/L
Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL tflnd lng] lbg] Joj:yfnfO{ clgjfo{
ub}{ nlug] 5 .
!)=!=@ ;xsf/L lzIffnfO{ dfWolds tyf pRrdfWolds / pRr
lzIffsf] kf7\oqmddf ;dfj]z u/fO{ ;xsf/Lsf] nflu cfjZos
kg]{ bIf hgzlQm tof/ x'g ;Sg] cg's'n jftfj/0f l;h{gf
ul/g] 5 .
!)=!=# Jofj;flos lzIffdf ;xsf/L lzIff tyf ;fj{hlgs If]qsf
tflnd k|lzIf0fx?df ;xsf/L Joj:yfkg sf] ljifo ;dfj]z
ul/g] 5 .
!)=!=$ ;/sf/L lgsfosf ljleGg txsf k/LIffx?sf] kf7\oqmddf
;xsf/L ljifo ;dfj]z ul/g] 5 .
!)=!=% /fli6o ;xsf/L cWoog cg';Gwfg tyf k|lzIf0f k|lti7fgsf]
u7g u/L] ;xsf/L ;DaGwL cWoog, cg';Gwfg tyf k|lzIf0fsf]
sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfO{g] 5 . o;} k|lti7fg cGtu{t /xg]
u/L xfn ;~rfngdf /x]sf ;a} ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f s]Gb|x?nfO{
:jfoQ lgsfosf] ?kdf ljsf; u/L ;xsf/L sn]hsf]
cfjZostf ;d]t kl/k"lt{ ul/g] 5 .
!)=!=^ ljleGgtxdf ;xsf/L ;"rgf s]Gb|x?sf] :yfkgf u/L ;xsf/L
;DaGwL ;" r gf ;Dk| ] i f0fnfO{ k| e fjsf/L agfOg] 5 .

!^^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)=!=& ;xsf/L If] q sf] k| a 4{ g sf nflu :yflgo, /fli6 o /


cGt/f{li6o:t/sf sfo{qmdx?sf] cfof]hgf u/L ;xsf/Lsf]
dxTj / pkof]lutfsf jf/]df hgr]tgf clea[l4 ul/g] 5 .
!)=!=* ;xsf/L ;DaGwL hgr]tgf a9fpg ;~rf/ dfWodx?sf]
k|efjsf/L pkof]u / ;xsfo{df ljz]if hf]8 lbOg] 5 .
!)=!=( lzIf0f ;+:yfdf ;xsf/L ;DaGwL /rgfTds lqmofsnfkx?
;~rfng u/L ljBfyL{ hLjgdf g} ;xsf/L k4ltsf] cEof;
ug{ pTk|]l/t ul/g] 5 .
!)=!=!) ;xsf/Lsf] cgf}krfl/s lzIff k|a4{g ug{ k|a4{gfTds
;fdu|Lx?sf] k|sfzg / k|efjsf/L k|;f/0fsf] Joj:yf ldnfOg]
5.
!)=@ s[lifIf]q nufot cGo pTkfbg tyf ;]jfdf cfwfl/t ;a} k|sf/sf
Joj;fodf ;xsf/LnfO{ lqmofzLn t'Nofpg] gLltx?nfO{
sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg b]xfosf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLltx?
cjnDag ul/g] 5 M
!)=@=! ;xsf/L k4lt cg'?k ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t / ;b:o s]lGb|t
eO{ cg';l" r! nufot k|rlnt cf}Bf]lus P]g, lgodfjnL
Pj+ gLlt adf]lhdsf pBf]u Joj;fox? :yfkgf / ;+rfng
ug{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g] 5 .
!)=@=@ ;xsf/LnfO{ cy{tGqsf] Pp6f ;jn :tDesf] kdf :yflkt
ug{ pTkfbg tyf ;]jfd"ns ;xsf/LxnfO{ pko'Qm ljQLo
tyf u} / ljQLo ;' l jwf pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
!)=@=# s"n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf ;xsf/L If]qsf] of]ubfg a9fpg
lghL If]q / ;xsf/L jLr cu|, k[i7 / cGt/ ;DaGwsf]
ljsf; ul/g] 5 . o;sf nflu ;fem]bf/L pBf]u Joj;fosf]
k|f?k tof/ u/L sfo{fGjogdf NofOg] 5 .
!)=@=$ ;+:yfx?nfO{ ljifo, ef}uf]lns cj:yf, hg;xeflutf,
;'zf;g / sf/f]jf/sf] cfwf/df juL{s/0f u/L ;f]xL cfwf/df
lgodg tyf ;xof]u ug]{ ljwL / sfo{qmd th'{df ul/g]
5.
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!^&

!)=@=% /fli6o of]hgf cfof]u, s[lif, :jf:Yo, pBf]u, lzIff, ko{6g,


phf{, l;FrfO{, :yfgLo ljsf;, zx/L ljsf;, o'jf, >d
tyf /f]huf/ h:tf s]Gb|Lo / ;f] cGtu{tsf lgsfox?df
;xsf/L ka4{gsf nflu lhDd]jf/ dxfzfvfzfvf jf
;Dks{ ljGb' (Focal Point) sf] Joj:yf u/L ljifout
?kdf ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{gdf ;DalGwt
lgsfox?nfO{ lhDd]jf/ agfOg] 5 .
!)=@=^ s[lifdf cfwfl/t pTkfbg, e08f/0f, k|zf]wg, ahfl/s/0f
tyf s[lif ;fdu|L cfk"lt{sf] nflu s[ifsx?sf] ;xeflutfdf
:yfkgf ul/Psf] ;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fonfO{ ;x'lnotk"0f{
C0f tyf cg'bfg ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf ldnfOg]
5.
!)=@=& s[lif ;fdu|Lx?sf] pTkfbg, cfoft tyf lgof{t / ljt/0fsf
sfo{x?df ;xsf/Lsf ;+3 ;+:yfx?nfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{
cfjZos ;xof]u pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
!)=@=* e"ldxLg tyf ;fgf ls;fgx?nfO{ ;xsf/L v]tL ug{
pkof]udf gcfPsf ;fj{hlgs hUuf lnhdf pknAw u/fpg]
Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
!)=@=( hUuf rSnfaGbL u/L ;xsf/L k4ltaf6 ;fd"lxs v]tL ug]{
jf ;xsf/Ldf cfj4 eO{ Ps ufpF Ps pTkfbg sf] nIo
cg';f/ Ps} k|s[ltsf] pTkfbgsf] cleofgdf nfu]sf
s[ifsx?sf] ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ ljz]if ;'ljwfx? pknAw u/fpg]
Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
!)=@=!) s[lif If]qsf] pTkfbsTj a9fpg pGgt k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug{]
tyf k|ffl/s v]tLnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug{ s[ifsx? ;xefuL
;xsf/LnfO{ ljz] i f ;' l jwfx? pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
!)=@=!! cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;fF:s[lts / jftfj/0fLo ljifo;Fu
;DalGwt gLlt tyf sfo{qmd th'{df, sfof{Gjog /
cg'udgdf ;xsf/L;Fu ;DalGwt s]Gb|Lo jf :yfgLo
;/sf/L lgsfo / ;xsf/L ;+3x?sf] k/fdz{ lnOg] Joj:yf
ldnfOg] 5 .
!^*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)+=@=!@ ;DalGwt ljifosf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] ;xeflutf


clea[l4 ug{ / k/fdz{ lng /fHon] u7g ug]{ ljleGg
;ldlt tyf pk;ldltdf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] k|ltlglwTj
;'lglZrt ul/g] 5 .
!)=@=!# :j/f]huf/d"ns ljz]if sfo{qmdx? cGtu{t pknAw u/fOg]
;x"lnotk"0f{ shf{ tyf cg'bfg ;xof]u sfo{qmdx?df s[lif
tyf u|fdL0f If]qsf pTkfbg, ljt/0f tyf ;]jfd"ns
;xsf/LnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg] 5 .
!)=@=!$ ;xsf/L dfkm{t s[ifsx?nfO{ ;x'lnotk"0f{ C0f ;'lawfx?
pknAw u/fpg ljleGg >f]tx?sf] pkof]u ul/g] 5 .
;xsf/L dfk{mt kl/rfng ul/g] o; k|sf/sf] ;'ljwfsf
nflu lglb{i6 sfo{ljlw agfO{ >f]tsf] ;b'kof]u ;'lglZrt
ul/g] 5 .
!)=@=!% ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] pTkfbgnfO{ ahf/Ls/0f ug{
;3fp k'ofpg ljleGg :yfgx?df ;/sf/ / ;xsf/L
aLrsf] ;xsfo{df ;xsf/L ahf/ s]Gb|x?sf] ljsf; ul/g]
5.
!)=#

dlxnf, ul/a, ckf, ;LdfGts[t, e"ldxLg tyf lk5l8Psf ju{


/ >ldsx?sf ;fy} cfd gful/sx?sf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg
;xsf/Lsf] kx'r
F' clea[l4 ug]{ ;DaGwdf c+uLsf/ ul/g] gLltx?nfO{
sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg b]xfosf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLltx? cjnDag
ul/g] 5 M
!)=#=!

;xsf/Ldf cfj4 ljkGg dlxnf, ;LdfGts[t, ul/a ;d'bfo,


ckf, e"ldxLg tyf lk5l8Psf] ;d'bfo / >ldsxnfO{
:j/f]huf/d"ns pBf]u tyf Joj:ffo :yfkgf ug{ cfjZos
kg]{ Jofj;flos tyf ;Lkd"ns tflndx? k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf
ldnfOg] 5 .

!)=#=@

dlxnf pBdzLntf / g]t[Tjsf] ljsf; ug{ dlxnfx?n]


;~rfng u/]sf ;xsf/Lx? aLr ;xsfo{sf nflu ;fd"lxs
nufgLsf pBf]u Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!^(

5 . ;xsf/L dfkm{t dlxnfx?f/f :yfkgf ul/g] ;fgf tyf


3/]n' pBf]ux?nfO{ k"h
F Lut cg'bfg ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg]
Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
!)=#=#

;LdfGts[t Pj+ Go"g cfo ePsf ju{nfO{ ;xsf/Ldf cfa4


u/fO{ pknAw ;Lk, k"h
F L tyf >dnfO{ clwsflws kl/rfng
u/L hLljsfd'vLlgjf{xd'vL lqmofsnfkaf6 Jofj;flostf
tkm{ pGd'v t'Nofpg] sfo{qmdx ;~rfng ul/g] 5 .

!)=#=$ u|fdL0f If]qsf s[lif ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ ljifout cfjZostfsf]


cfwf/df lglb{i6 sfo{ljlw jdf]lhd ;x'lnot Aofhb/df
C0f ;'ljwf, shf{sf] Aofhdf cg'bfg, afnL tyf kz' aLdf
ubf{ nfUg] lk|ldod /sddf cg'bfg tyf d]lzg cf}hf/sf]
vl/b nufotsf] k"FhLut vr{df cg'bfg lbg] Joj:yf
ldnfOg] 5 .
!)=#=% lk5l8Psf ju{, e"ldxLg nufot >f]t / ;fwg ljlxg /
cgf}krfl/s If]qdf sfd ug]{ >ldsx?nfO{ cfo cfh{gsf]
lqmofsnfkdf ;+nUg u/fpg ;xsf/Ldf cfa4 u/fO{ k"h
F L
dflysf] kx'Frsfnflu ;x'lnot k"0f{ C0f tyf k"FhLut
cg'bfg pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
!)=#=^

k/Dk/fut k];fnfO{ Jofj;flos agfpg nlIft ;d'bfonfO{


;xsf/Ldf ;+ul7t u/L cfw'lgs ;Lkd"ns tflndsf]
Joj:yf u/L k"h
F Ldf kx'r
F k'ofpg ;x'lnotk"0f{ C0f tyf
cg'bfg ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .

!)=#=& ljkGg ;d'bfosf JolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf / afx'Notf /x]sf


;xsf/L ;+:yfx kl/rfng u/L ul/aL lgjf/0fsf lqmofsnfk
;+ r fng ug{ ;/sf/sf ;Da4 lgsfox? / ljsf;
;fem]bf/x?nfO{ lgb]{lzt ul/g] 5 .
!)=#=* ul/j 3/kl/jf/ klxrfg kqsf cfwf/df ul/jx? dfq ;b:o
eO{ ;~rfngdf NofOPsf jf cGo ;xsf/Ldf cfj4 kl/ro
k|fKt ul/j ;b:ox?nfO{ k|bfg ul/g] ljgf lwtf] shf{sf]
;'/If0f, artsf] ;'/If0f, afln tyf kz'wg ljdf, s[lif
!&)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

tyf n3' Joj;fosfnflu k"h


F Lut cg'bfg, ;Lkd"ns tflnd
h:tf cfo clea[l4 tyf hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf sfo{df
lglb{i6 sfo{ljlw adf]lhd ;xof]u ug]{ cfjZos Joj:yf
ldnfOg] 5 .
!)=#=( ;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fonfO{ pknAw u/fOg] cg'bfg ;xof]u
jf cGo ;'ljwfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg /fli6o of]hgf
cfof]u, cy{ dGqfno, ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f dGqfno,
;xsf/L ljefu / /fli6o ;xsf/L ;+3sf kbflwsf/Lsf]
;xeflutf /xg] Ps pRr:tl/o ;ldltsf] u7g u/L cg'bfg
sfo{qmdnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfOg] 5 .
!)=#=!) /fli6o ;xsf/L ljsf; af]8{ P]g adf]lhdsf] ;xsf/L ljsf;
sf]if dfkm{t ;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fonfO{ ;x'lnotk"0f{ C0f
tyf cg'bfg ;xof]u kl/rfng ug{ sf]ifsf] cfsf/ /
k|efjsfl/tfdf a[l4 ul/g] 5 .
!)=$

;xsf/L k|al4{t pBf]u Joj;fosf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ub}{


;xsf/L If]qnfO{ k|lt:kwL{ Pj+ u'0f:t/Lo agfpg]gLltx?nfO{
sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg b]xfosf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLltx? cjnDag
ul/g] 5 M
!)=$=! ;xsf/L If]qsf] pTkfbsTj / u'0f:t/df a[l4 Nofpg s[lif
;xsf/Lsf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox?nfO{ cfjZos kg]{
tflnd, cjnf]sg e|d0f tyf cg'z/0f sfo{qmdx? / k/fdz{
;]jf ;'ljwfx?sf] lj:tf/ ul/g] 5 .
!)=$=@ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfxnfO{ Jofj;flos kdf ;Ifd t'Nofpg
;xsf/Lsf ;b:ox?nfO{ nlIft u/L k|fljlws tyf Jofj;flos
tflndsf ljz] i f sfo{ q mdx? ;~rfng ul/g] 5 .
!)=$=# ;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fosfnflu cfjZos kg]{ bIf hgzlQmsf]
;xh pknAwtfsfnflu dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf; of]hgf agfpg
/ ;DalGwt lgsfox? jLr ;dGjo ug{ /fli6o ;xsf/L
ljsf; jf] 8 { s f] e" l dsf k| e fjsf/L agfOg] 5 .
!)=$=$ ;xsf/L If]qsf] pTkfbg tyf ;]jf k|jfxdf k|lt:kwf{Tds

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!&!

Pj+ u'0ffTds Ifdtf a[l4sf] nflu pko'St k|ljlwsf] cjnDagdf


k|f]T;fxg x'g] u/L cfly{s ;xof]u tyf ;'ljwfx? pknAw
u/fOg] 5 .
!)=$=% ;xsf/L pBf]u tyf Joj;fonfO{ cfslif{t / k|lt:kwL{
t'Nofpg pTkfbgsf] cfwf/ tyf kl/df0f, ef}uf]lns ljs6tf,
;]jf k|jfx Pj+ /f]huf/L l;h{gf h:tf cfwf/df ljz]if
;'ljwfx? pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
!)=$=^ u|fdL0f If]q tyf sd ljsl;t gu/kflnsf / nlIft ;d"xsf
dlxnf, ckf, dhb'/, >lds / lk5l8Psf tyf ul/j
JolQmx? dfq cfj4 ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf]] ;+:yfut ljsf;df
;xof]u k'ofpg] u/L pko'Qm s/ k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/g]
5.
!)=%

;xsf/Lsf] lglb{i6 d"No / l;4fGtxsf] cEof; ub}{ k|efjsf/L


Joj:yfkg ljlwsf] cjnDag tyf lgodg dfkm{t ;'zf;g sfod
ug]
{ ;DaGwdf c+uLsf/ ul/g] gLltx?nfO{ sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg
b] x fosf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{ g Lltx? cjnDag ul/g] 5 M
!)=%=! ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfxsf] ;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkgdf
hjfkmb]lxtf, ;xeflutf / kf/blz{tfnfO{ ;+:yfut ub}{ nlug]
5 . o;sfnflu ljBdfg ;xsf/L P]g lgod ;dofg's"n
k"g/fjnf]sg ul/g] 5 .
!)=%=@ ;xsf/L ;DaGwL d"No / l;4fGtx cg';/0f ub}{ k|rlnt
;xsf/L P]g lgod adf]lhd ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfxsf]
;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkg ug{ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf
kbflwsf/LxnfO{ lhDd]jf/ / hjfkmb]xL agfOg] 5 .
!)=%=# ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf ;b:ox?sf] jrt /sdsf] ;'/If0f ug]{
u/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] of]ubfgdf cfwfl/t art ;'/If0f sf]ifsf]
Joj:yf ul/g] 5 . nufgLsf] ;'/Iffsf nflu nufgLsf dfkb08x?
lgwf{/0f u/L ;f] sfo{sf] cg'udg lgodgsf ;fy} shf{ ;"rgf
k|0ffnLsf] k|efjsf/L Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .

!&@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)=%=$ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfxsf] Joj:yfkgnfO{ ;jn agfpg


;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] n]vf tyf n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{nfO{ yk
Jojl:yt agfpFb} nlug] 5 . ;fj{hlgs ;'gj' fO{sf] lgoldttf
dfk{mt ;xsf/Lsf ;+3 ;+:yfx?nfO{ ;b:o / ;d'bfo k|lt
lhDd]jf/ / kf/bzL{ Jojxf/ tk{m pTk|]l/t ul/g] 5 .
!)=%=% ;xsf/Lsf l;4fGt, d"No / dfkb08x?sf] cg'z/0f u/L
;du| ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ :jlgodgsf] cEof; ug{] ynf] agfpg
cfGtl/s lgoGq0f, afXo k/LIf0f / lglxt :jfy{k"0f{ Gb
Joj:yfkgsf nflu pko' Q m Joj:yfx? ul/g] 5 .
!)=%=^ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfxsf] lgoldt kdf cg'udg / lgodg
ug{ ;xsf/L ljefunfO{ cfjZos ;fwg >f]t / clwsf/
;lxt lhDd] j f/ lgsfosf] ?kdf ljsf; ul/g] 5 .
!)=%=& ;xsf/L ;+:yfxdf :j:y k|lt:kwf{sf] ljsf; ug{ / nfut
k|efjsfl/tf sfod ug{ Ps ;b:o Ps ;xsf/L sf] gLlt
c+lusf/ ul/g] 5 .
!)=%=* s'g} lglb{i6 ef}uf]lns If]qdf Pp6f ljifosf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{
;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;+Vof cTolws eO{ c:j:y k|lt:kwf{sf]
l:ylt b]lvPdf lglZrt cjlwsf nflu To:tf :yfgx?df
gofF ;+:yf btf{df /f]s nufpg] Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
!)=%=( ;xsf/Lsf ;b:ox?nfO{ ;xsf/L lzIffsf] lgoldt Joj:yf
ldnfpg ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{ lhDd]jf/ agfOg] 5 .
btf{sfnflu k|:tfljt ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf lgj]bs ;b:ox?nfO{
btf{ cl3 ;xsf/L ;DaGwL cg'lzIf0f lng' kg]{ Joj:yfnfO{
clgjfo{ ul/g] 5 .
!)=%=!) lglZrt ;LdfeGbf a9Lsf] ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+3
;+:yfx?sf] sf/f]jf/sf] dfl;s tyf jflif{s k|ltj]bg lnO{
cg'udg sfo{nfO{ yk k|efjsf/L agfOg] 5 . o:tf k|ltj]bgx?
;+sng tyf ljZn]if0fsf] sfo{nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ ;"rgf
k|ljlwsf] pkof]u ul/g] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!&#

!)=%=!! Ifdtfsf] ljZn]if0f u/L ;DalGwt ljifosf s]lGb|o ;xsf/L


;+3x?nfO{ cfgf ;b:o ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] :j+o cg'udg u/L
lgodgsf] sfo{df g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, ;xsf/L ljefu /
;xsf/Lsf sfof{nox?nfO{ ;3fpg] k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/g]
5.
!)=%=!@ ;xsf/Ldf Jofj;flostf / ;xsfo{sf] ;+:s[ltnfO{ k|j4{g
ug{ pko'Qm sfg"gL Joj:yf, cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf] lgdf{0f,
;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] lgjf{rg tyf lgo'lQm k|lqmofsf]
cg' u dg / lgodgdf ljz] i f hf] 8 lbOg] 5 .
!)=%=!# :ki6 dfkb08 / sfo{ljlwx?sf cfwf/df ;xsf/L ;+3
;+ : yfx?sf] lgodg sfo{ ;~rfng ul/g] 5 .
!)=%=!$ PsLs/0f sfo{nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{ yk ;'lawfsf] k|fjwfg /
ljz]if sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng u/L ;xsf/Lsf ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf]
;+VofnfO{ l;ldt agfO{ Ifdtf a[l4 ug{ clek|]l/t ul/g]
5 . lglb{i6 dfkb08 adf]lhd Go"gtd zt{x? k'/f ug{ g;Sg]
;xsf/LnfO{ dh{/df n}hfg] clgjfo{ zt{x?sf] lgdf{0f u/L
sfo{fGjogdf NofOg] 5 .
!)=%=!% ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ ;]jf ljlzli6s/0fsf]
cfwf/df cGo sf/f]jf/ ug{ lg?T;flxt ul/g] 5 . of] Joj:yf
zx/L If] q df tTsfn} sfof{ G jogdf nlug] 5 .
!)=%=!^ ljQLo ;xsf/Lsf] cg'udgsf] nflu sf/f]jf/ / ;b:otfsf
cfwf/df g]kfn /fi6 a}s
+ , ;xsf/L ljefu / ;DalGwt s]lGb|o
;xsf/L ;+3 / s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] clwsf+z :jfldTj
/x]sf] ;fgf ls;fg ljsf; a}+ssf] pkof]u ug]{ Joj:yf
ldnfOg] 5 .
!)=%=!& zx/L If]qdf ljQLo ;xsf/Lsf] ;3gtfnfO{ lgoGq0f ug]{
pko'Qm Joj:yfx? u/L ;xsf/L ljQLo ;]jfx?nfO{ u|fdL0f
tyf ljQLo ;]jf gk'us
] f If]qx?df lj:tf/ ug]{ u/L cfjZos
Joj:yfx? ldnfOg] 5 .
!&$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)=%=!* ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ug]{ p2]Zon] :yfkgf ul/g] ;xsf/L ;+3


;+:yfx?sf] btf{sf] nflu ;DefJotf cWoognfO{ clgjfo{
ul/g] 5 . o;sf nflu lglb{i6 sfo{ljlw agfO{ ;f] sf] kfngf
ug] { u/L ;xsf/L k| z f;gnfO{ kf/bzL{ agfOg] 5 .
!)=%=!( ;xsf/L dfk{mt ;~rfng ul/g] n3' ljQ sfo{qmdnfO{
;b:ox?sf] cfly{s zf]if0f gx'g] u/L kl/rfng ug{ / ;xsf/L
dfkm{t ul/g] yf]s shf{ k|jfxdf Ps ?ktf sfod ug{ :ki6
sfo{ljlwx?sf] th'{df u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofOg] 5 .
!)=^

;xsf/Lsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{g ug{ ;/sf/, ;xsf/L, lghL


If]q tyf ljsf;sf ;fem]bf/x? jLr ;xsfo{ / ;xof]unfO{ k|j4{g
ug]{ ;DaGwdf c+uLsf/ ul/g] gLltx? nfO{ sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg
b] x fosf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{ g Lltx? cjnDag ul/g] 5 M
!)=^=! ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|a4{gsf sfo{df :yfgLotxsf
;/sf/L lgsfox?, :yfgLo lgsfox?, ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?,
;xof]uL ;+:yfx? / gful/s ;dfhsf jLrdf :yflgo
;~hfn lgdf{0f u/L ;xsfo{ / ;dGjosf] ;+:s[lt ljsf;
ul/g] 5 .
!)=^=@ ;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|a4{gsf nflu :yfgLo
lgsfox?sf] cu|;/tf / ;xeflutfnfO{ ;'lglZrttf k|bfg
ul/g] 5 . :yfgLo:t/df ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf; / k|a4{g ug]{
e"ldsfdf :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] cu'jfOnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]
5.
!)=^=#

;xsf/L / lghL If]qsf] jLrdf pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf


ahfl/s/0fsf] sfo{df ;xsfo{sf] ;+:s[lt ljsf; u/L Ps
csf{ aLr kl/k"/ssf] ;DaGwnfO{ ljsl;t ub}{ nlug] 5 .

!)=^=$ ;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{gdf ;fem]bf/xsf]


;xeflutf Pj+ ;xof]unfO{ ;dGjofTds 9+un] kl/rfng
ul/g] 5 .
!)=^=% ;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf;sfnflu lkIfLo / ax'kIfLo ;xof]u
kl/rfng ug{ ljleGg ldq /fi6x?sf ;xof]uL ;/sf/L tyf
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!&%

u}/ ;/sf/L lgsfox?;Fu ;xsfo{ ug]{, ;xsf/Lsf If]qLo


tyf ljZj:t/sf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?;Fu ;xof]usf] cfbfg
k|bfg ug{ ljleGg txsf ;~hfndf ;lqmo ;xeflutf
hgfpg], ;xof]uL ;+:yf tyf lgsfox?;Fu hLjGt ;DaGw
sfod /fvL ;xsf/L cleofgnfO{ lg/Gt/ ?kdf k|a4{g
ul/g] 5 .
!)=^=^ ;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{gdf dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg
k'ofpg] lgsfo / JolQmx?nfO{ lgoldt ?kdf ;Ddfg tyf
k'/:s[t ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
!)=&

;xsf/Lsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{gsf] nflu bL3{sfnLg of]hgf,


dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf;, cfjZos ;+u7g ;+/rgfx?sf] lgdf{0f
Pj+ sfg"gL Joj:yfx? ug]{ ;DaGwdf c+uLsf/ ul/g] gLltx?nfO{
sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg b]xfosf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLltx? cjnDag
ul/g] 5 M
!)=&=!

;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?nfO{ k|efjsf/L 9+un] kl/rfng ug{


cNksflng / bL3{sflng of]hgf lgdf{0f u/L ;xsf/L If]qsf]
ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|a4{g ul/g] 5 .

!)=&=@ ;xsf/L If]qsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ dfgj ;+zfwgsf] k|If]k0f


tyf hgzlQm Joj:yfkgsf] nflu ;'b9[ ;+/rgfx?sf] ljsf;
ul/g] 5 . hgzlQm k|If]k0fsf] sfo{df ;xsf/L ljsf; jf]8{
/ hgzlQm ljsf;df ljZjljwfnox?, pRr dfWolds lzIff
kl/ifb;Fu ;xsfo{ / ;dGjo u/L cfjZos Joj:yfx?
ldnfOg] 5 . hgzlQm ljsf;sf] sfddf ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f
s]Gb|x? / ;xsf/Lsf ;+3x?nfO{ ;d]t kl/rfng ul/g] 5 .
!)=&=# /fli6o ;xsf/L ljsf; af]8n
{ fO{ ;xsf/Lsf] ljz]if1 lgsfosf]
?kdf ljsf; ug{ cfjZos ;|f]t tyf ;fwg pknAw x'g]
Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 . o;sf nflu cfjZostfsf cfwf/df
;+u7g ;+/rgf / sfg"gL Joj:yfdf kl/dfh{g ul/g] 5 .
!)=&=$ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfxsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{gsf nflu
ljifout cfwf/df ;DalGwt dGqfno, ljefu, af]8,{ ;ldlt
tyf lgsfox?nfO{ lhDd] j f/ agfpb} nlug] 5 .
!&^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)=&=% /fli6o ;xsf/L ;+3sf] e"ldsfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg ;+3sf]


Ifdtf clea[l4 tyf ;xsf/L If]qsf] k|a4{gfTds sfo{df
;xof] u / ;xsfo{ s f] ;+ : s[ l t ljsf; ul/g] 5 .
!)=&=^

;xsf/L ;+3x?sf] e"ldsfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg b]xfo


adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 M
-s_ ;xsf/L cleofgnfO{ g]t[Tj k|bfg ug]{ u/L ljleGg
txsf ;xsf/L ;+3x?sf] ;+u7g ;+/rgfnfO{ k|efjsf/L
agfpb} nlug] 5 .
-v_ Jofj;flos p2]Zon] ;+3 ;+:yfx?nfO{ cfjZostf /
;DefJotfsf cfwf/df ljleGg txdf ;+ul7t eO{ ;+oQ' m
?kdf pBf] u Joj;fo ug{ k| f ] T ;flxt ul/g] 5 .
-u_

;xsf/Lsf ;+3x?sf] g]t[Tjdf dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutf


slDtdf $) k|ltzt k'ofpg] u/L ;dtfd"ns ;sf/fTds
lje] b sf Joj:yfx? cjnDag ul/g] 5 .

-3_ lglb{i6 ef}uf]lns If]qsf ;a} ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?nfO{


;DalGwt ;+3x?df ;b:otf lng k|f]T;fxg ul/g] 5 .
-_

;+3 ;+:yfdf /x]sf] ;b:o ;+Vofsf] cfwf/df ;+3df


dtbfgsf] clwsf/ sfod x'g] Joj:yf ldnfO{ ;+3x?sf]
;+/rgfnfO{ a9L eGbf a9L k|ltlglwTj d"ns agfOg]
5.

-r_ ;+3x?sf] g]tT[ jnfO{ u}/ /fhg}lts agfpg cfrf/ ;+lxtf


/ dfkb08x?sf] pkof]u ul/g] 5 .
!)=&=& If]qut gLlt tyf sfg'gxdf ;xsf/L ;DaGwL Joj:yf
;dfj]z u/L ;xsf/L pBf]u Joj;fosf] bfo/f km/flsnf]
agfOg] 5 . ;xsf/L P]gdf ;d]t If]qut ljifox?nfO{
;Daf]wg ul/g] 5 .
!)=&=* /fli6o ;xsf/L a}s
+ nfO{ ;xsf/Lsf] ;femf :jfldTjsf] a}s
+ sf]
?kdf ljsf; ug{ ;a} ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?nfO{ ;b:otf
lng k|f]T;fxg ul/g] 5 . ;xsf/L a}+ssf] Joj:yfkg /
lgodgsf] nflu cfjZos sfg"gL Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!&&

!)=&=( art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ Jojl:yt


?kdf ;~rfng ug{ 5'} art tyf C0f ;xsf/L P]gsf]
lgdf{0f ul/g] 5 .
!)=&=!) ;xsf/L If]qsf] k|zf;lgs sfo{xdf bIf clws[t tyf
sd{rf/Lx?sf]] pknAwtf ;'lglZrt ug{ lghfdtL ;]jf
cGtu{t j[lQ ljsf;sf] cj;/ ;lxt ;xsf/L ;d"xsf]
Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
!)=&=!! ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqfno jf cGtu{tsf
lgsfox?df sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?sf] j[lQ ljsf;sf cj;/x?df
a[l4 u/L cfsif{s ;d"xsf] ?kdf ljsl;t ul/g] 5 .
!)=&=!@ ;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|a4{gsf] sfo{df ;xsf/L
;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] e"ldsfnfO{ dxTj lbO{ /fHosf] e"ldsf
;xhstf{ / lgodgsf/L lgsfosf] ?kdf ;Lldt ub}{ nlug]
5.
!)=&=!# /fHo lgolGqt / lgb]l{ zt k'/fgf ;femf ;+:yfx?nfO{ k|rlnt
sfg"g tyf ;xsf/Lsf l;4fGt adf]lhd k"0f{ ?kdf zxsf/Ls/0f
ul/g] 5 .
!!= sfo{of]hgf
/fli6o ;xsf/L gLltnfO{ ;Dj4 lgsfox?sf] e"ldsf lglb{i6 ul/Psf]
sfo{ o f] h gf tof/u/L k| e fjsf/L 9+ u n] sfof{ G jog ul/g] 5 .
!@= ;+:yfut ;+/rgf
of] gLltsf] sfof{Gjog kIfsf] ;dLIff ug{, sfof{Gjogsf hl6ntf
sd ug{ / cfjZos dfu{bz{gsf nflu ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f dGqLsf]
cWoIftfdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf lgsfosf kbflwsf/Lx? ;b:o /x]sf] Ps
pRr:tl/o /fli6 o ;xsf/L gLlt lgb] { z g ;ldlt /x] s f] 5 .
-s_ /fHodGqL jf ;xfos dGqL, ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f dGqfno
-v_ pkfWoIf, /fli6o of]hgf cfof]u
-u_ ueg{/, g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
!&*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

-3_ ;lrj, cy{ dGqfno


-_ ;lrj, pBf]u dGqfno
-r_ ;lrj, phf{ dGqfno
-5_ ;lrj, s[lif ljsf; dGqfno
-h_ ;lrj, dlxnf jfnjflnsf tyf ;dfhsNof0f dGqfno
-em_ ;lrj, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno
-~f_ ;lrj, >d tyf /f]huf/ dGqfno
-6_ ;lrj, ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno
-7_ ;lrj, ;+l3o dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno
-8_ ;lrj, lzIff dGqfno
-9_ ;lrj, ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f dGqfno
-0f_ ;lrj, ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno
-t_ ;lrj, /fli6o of]hgf cfof]u
-y_ ;xcWoIf, /fli6o ;xsf/L ljsf; jf]8{
-b_ /lhi6f/, ;xsf/L ljefu
-w_ cWoIf, /fli6o ;xsf/L ;+3
-g_ cWoIf, g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3
-k_ ;x;lrj, ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f dGqfno ;b:o ;lrj
!#=cfly{s kIf
o; gLltdf ePsf Joj:yfx? sfof{Gjog ug{ lgoldt ah]6
kl/rfng ul/g'sf ;fy} k|ultsf cfwf/df ah]6sf] cfsf/ j[l4 ub{} nlug]
5 . :yfgLo txdf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/sf nflu :yfgLo
lgsfo tyf ljsf; ;fem]bf/x?sf] ;xof]u ;d]t kl/rfng ul/g] 5 . 7"nf
nufgLsf nflu ;fem]bf/Lsf] cjwf/0ff pkof]udf NofOg] 5 . hgzlQm tyf
;xsf/Lsf k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf] If]qdf bft[ lgsfox?sf] ;xof]u ;d]t kl/rfng
ul/g] 5 .
!$= sfg"gL Joj:yf
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!&(

o; gLltdf ePsf Joj:yfx?nfO{ k"0f{ / k|efjsf/L ?kdf sfof{Gjogdf


Nofpg ljBdfg ;xsf/L ;Da4 sfg"gx?sf] cfjZostf cg';f/ kl/dfh{g
jf k'gn]{vg ul/g] 5 . ;xsf/L a}+s tyf ;xsf/L dfkm{t ul/g] ljQLo
sf/f]af/nfO{ ;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ agfpg 5'} P]g lgodsf] Joj:yf ul/g]
5 . ljifout ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf;nfO{ ;xof]u k'Ug] cGo lgsfout P]g
lgodx?df kl/dfh{gsf] kxn ul/g'sf ;fy} cfjZostfsf cfwf/df gofF
sfg"gx?sf] lgdf{0f ;d]t ul/g] 5 .
!%= cg'udg / d"Nofg
gLlt sfof{Gjogsf] lgoldt cg'udgsf] sfo{ ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL
lgjf/0f dGqfno jf cGtu{tsf lgsfox?af6 x'g] 5 . sfof{Gjog kIfnfO{
yk k|efjsf/L agfpg k|To]s jif{ sfof{Gjogsf] ;dLIff u/L ;f]sf] ljj/0f
;fj{hlgs ul/g] 5 . gLlt sfof{Gjogsf] k|efj d"Nof+sg /fli6o of]hgf
cfof]u af6 x'g]5 .
!^= hf]lvd kIf
;xsf/L cy{ Joj:yfsf] ax'cfoflds If]q xf] . o; gLltdf ePsf
Joj:yf sfof{Gjog ug{ u/fpg ;DalGwt ;a} ;/sf/L lgsfox?n] lhDd]jf/
/ k|lta4 eO{ cfgf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 . of] gLltdf ePsf
Joj:yfx? k"0f{?kn] sfof{Gjogsf Nofpg ;xsf/L cleofgsf] ;lqmotfn]
klg plQs} dxTj /fVb5 . gLltdf ePsf Joj:yfx? sfof{Gjogsf nflu
;dod} ;Da4 P]g lgodx?sf] kl/dfh{g tyf gofF sfg"gx?sf] lgdf{0f
ckl/xfo{ x'G5 . sfg"gL cfwf/ lgdf{0f ug{, cfjZos ;+/rgfut k|jGw ug{
tyf ;fwg ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg ;lsPg eg] gLltdf ePsf ;a}
k| f jwfgx? sfof{ G jogdf Nofpg g;lsg] hf] l vd /x] s f] 5 .
!&=gLltsf] k|of]u / kl/dfh{g
o; gLltnfO{ ;xsf/L If]qsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|a4{gsf nflu
;DalGwt ;a} lgsfox?af6 dfu{ lrqsf] ?kdf pkof]u ul/g] 5 . ;fdfGotof
o; gLltdf ePsf Joj:yfx? k|To]s kfFr jif{df k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g] 5 .
gLltdf ePsf Joj:yfx?df kl/dfh{g ug{ cfjZos b]lvPdf ;f] cufj} klg
g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;Sg]5 .
!*)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cg';"rL !
;xsf/L dfk{mt ;~rfng ug{ ;lsg] pBf]u Joj;fox? M
-s_ s[lif pTkfbg, e08f/0f, k|zf]wg, ljt/0f, ahfl/s/0f tyf s[lif ;fdfu|Lsf]
cfk"lt{ .
-v_ Joj;flos kz'kfng tyf kz'hGo pBf]u Joj;fox? .
-u_ jghGo pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg pBf]ux? / jftfj/0f ;+/If0f;DaGwL
pBf]ux? .
-3_ ljBfnosf] :yfkgf tyf Joj:yfkg, Jofj;flos tyf ;Lkd"ns k|lzIf0f
s]Gb| :yfkgf / Joj:yfkg, / k/fdz{ ;]jf .
-_ c:ktfn, ;fd'bflos :jf:Yo ;]jf, cf}iflw tyf :jf:Yo pks/0f pTkfbg
tyf ljqmL / :jf:Yo;Fu ;DalGwt cGo pBf]u Joj;fox? .
-r_ ko{6g pBf]u Joj;fox? .
-5_ ;~rf/ tyf k|lalwsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ tyf k|;f/0f .
-h_ art tyf C0f Pj+ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;]jf .
-dm_ oftfoft tyf 9'jfgL ;]jf .
-`_ hUuf tyf cfjf; ljsf; .
-6_ >lds :jfldTjsf pBf]u Joj;fox? .
-7_ pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L
-8_ phf{ pTkfbg, k|zf/0f / ljt/0f .
-9_ ljdf Joj;fo .
-0f_ v'b|f tyf yf]s k;nx? .
-t_ h8La'6L v]tL, k|zf]wg / ahfl/s/0f .
-y_ ;Lkd"ns 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux? .
-b_ ;DefJotfsf cfwf/df cGo pBf]u Joj;fox? .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!*!

jfl0fHo gLlt, @)^%


-g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ldltM @)^%!@!@_
k[i7e"ld
v'nf Pj+ ahf/f]Gd'v jfl0fHo gLltn] ;fwgsf] kl/rfng, cfly{s
ljsf; / ul/aL lgjf/0fdf ;sf/fTds k|efj k'ofpF5 eGg] dfGotfdf
g]kfnn] ljut b'O{ bzs otf o:tf] gLlt cjnDag ub}{ cfPsf] xf] . tyflk
k"FhL, k|ljlw tyf ahf/ kx'Frdf c;xhtf / ljleGg d'n'saLr ljBdfg
c;dfg cfly{s:t/sf] sf/0faf6 ljkGg / lk5l8Psf d'n'sxn] Jofkf/
pbf/Ls/0fsf] nfe lng ;s]sf 5}gg\ . ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7g (World Trade
Organization) sf] ;fy} blIf0f Pl;ofnL :jtGq Jofkf/ If]q (SAFTA)
tyf ljd:6]s (BIMSTEC) cfly{s ;d"xdf k|jz
] u/]sf] sf/0faf6 g]kfnsf]
ahf/ kx'FrnfO{ lj:tf/ u/]sf] eP tfklg b]zsf] w/ftn, xfjfkfgL /
jg:klthGo ljljwtfaf6 k|fKt pTkfbgsf ;|ft] / ;fwg;Fu plrt k|ljlw,
bIf hgzlQm Pj+ nufgLsf] ;+of]hg u/L lgof{t k|j4{g ug{ ;lsPsf]
5}g . o;}n] t'ngfTds / k|lt:kwf{Tds nfe ePsf lgof{thGo j:t'xsf]
klxrfg / ljsf; u/L ahf/ kx'r
F sf] nfe k|fKt ug{ h?/L b]lvG5 . o;sf
nflu jfl0fHo tyf cf}Bf]lus gLltnfO{ cGo If]qut gLltx;Fu ;dGjo
u/L s[lif If]q, u}/sfi7hGo jg If]q, ko{6g If]qnufot cGo ;]jf pBf]u
/ Jofkf/sf] cu| Pj+ k[i7 cGt/;DaGw ljsf; ub}{ hfg cfjZos 5 . o;sf
cnfjf pTkfbsTj j[l4 ug]{ ;fwg h:t}M ef}lts, dfgjLo / ;fdflhs
k"FhLsf] kl/rfng, ;+/rgfTds kl/jt{g / k|fljlws Ifdtfsf] ljsf; tyf
ljsf;d}qL ;+:s[ltsf] hu]gf{ ub}{ g]kfnsf] lgof{t Jofkf/nfO{ k|lt:kwL{
t'Nofpg h?/L 5 .
ljutdf th'{df ul/Psf] jfl0fHo gLlt, @)$( n] d"ntM lgsf;L
gLlt / sfo{gLlt, k}7f/L gLlt /sfo{gLlt, cfGtl/s lgsf;L gLlt, ljb]zL
ljlgdo Joj:yf, cfGtl/s Jofkf/ gLlt, jfl0fHo kl/ifb\sf] u7g, j}b]lzs
Jofkf/ gLlt tyf cg';Gwfg ;+:yf Pj+ g]kfn Jofkf/ k|j4{g ;+u7gsf]
:yfkgf h:tf ljifonfO{ ;d]6]sf] ePtf klg cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/df ePsf]
ultzLntf, If]qLo / ax'kIfLo Jofkf/ k|0ffnL;Fusf] cfa4tf, lkIfLo :jtGq
!*@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

Jofkf/ If]qsf] lj:tf/ Pj+ Jofkf/ k|lqmof ;xhLs/0f / gofF kf/jxg k|0ffnLsf]
ljsf;h:tf ljifox ;d]6\g ;s]sf] kfOFb}g . lgsf;L Jofkf/nfO{ cu|ult
lbg :oflg6/L tyf kmfO6f] :oflg6/L pkfox, Jofkf/ ;~rfngdf b]lvg]
k|fljlws cj/f]w (TBT) Go"g ug]h
{ :tf ljifox dxTjk"0f{ b]lvG5 . pko'Q
{ m
kl/k|I] o / ahf/ kx'r
F sf] cj;/df ePsf] lj:tf/af6 d'ns
' n] kmfObf lng;d]t
jfl0fHo gLltdf ;du| kdf k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{ cfjZos b]lvPsf] 5 .
d'n'sdf ljBdfg j:t' tyf;]jfsf] cfk"lt{hGo sl7gfO (Supply Side
Constraints) / ahf/ kx'r
F df b]lvPsf k|fljlws cj/f]wsf] sf/0f lgsf;L
Ifdtfdf cfPsf] x|f;nfO{ ;'wf/ ug{ h?/L 5 . o;sf nflu lgof{thGo
pBf]usf] pTkfbg k|ljlw, k|lqmof Pj+ u'0f:t/df ;'wf/ u/L ax'kIfLo tyf
If]qLo Jofkf/ ;Demf}tfx tyf ljsl;t tyf ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zxaf6 clt
sd ljsl;t /fi6n] kfpg] ljz]if ;'ljwf Pj+ nfesf] clwstd ;b'kof]u
ug{ h?/L 5 .
ljZj ahf/df g]kfnsf] lgof{tn] cToGt ;fgf] lx:;f cf]u6]sf] /
b]zsf] s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgdf j:t' lgof{tsf] lx:;f * k|ltzt / cfoftsf]
lx:;f @^ k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf /x]af6 Jofkf/ 3f6fsf] l:ylt a9\b} uPsf]
:ki6 b]lvG5 . ljut s]xL jif{ otf j}b]lzs ;xof]udf C0fsf] c+z a9\b}
uPsf] sf/0faf6 klg :jtGq cy{tGqsf] lgdf{0fdf sl7gfO pTkGg x'bF } uPsf]
5 . g]kfnn] cfufdL jif{xdf b'O{ c+ssf] cfly{s j[l4 ug]{ nIo /fv]sf]
sf/0faf6 klg lgof{t lgb]l{ zt j[l4 / lgof{tn] cfoftsf] pNn]Vo c+z wfGg
;Sg] t'Nofpg Pj+ lgof{tnfO{ ul/aL lgjf/0fsf] k|of;;Fu cfa4 u/L ;dfj]zL
agfpg cfjZos 5 . ljZj Jofkf/df l;h{gf ePsf] ultzLntf cg'k
j:t' tyf ;]jf Joj;fo / af}l4s ;DklQ clwsf/df l;h{gf ePsf
cj;/xsf] kmfObfsf] pkof]u u/L cf;Gg r'gf}tLxnfO{ ;fdgf ub}{
cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/ lj:tf/ ug{ gofF, lj:t[t / km/flsnf] ;f]r;lxtsf] jfl0fHo
gLlt cfhsf] cfjZostf ePsf] 5 . o;cg'k lgsf;L If]qsf] lj:tf/nfO{
Jofkf/ gLltsf] k|dv
' cfwf/ agfO{ abln+bf] cfGtl/s kl/l:ylt tyf cGt/f{li6o
Jofkfl/s kl/j]znfO{ Wofgdf /fvL g]kfnsf] Jofkf/ ljsf;nfO{ lbuf] t'Nofpg]
;f]rsf ;fy o; jfl0fHo gLltsf] th'{df ul/Psf] 5 .
!= d"n p2]Zo
/fli6o cy{tGqdf jfl0fHo If]qsf] of]ubfg a9fO{ cfly{s ljsf; /
ul/aL lgjf/0fdf ;xof]u k'ofpg] .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!*#

@= p2]Zo
@=!

cGt/f{li6o:t/df k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;Sg] u/L Jofkf/ Joj;fosf]


k|j4{g ug{ cg's"n jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf ug]{ .

@=@ cfoftnfO{ lgof{t Jofkf/ j[l4tkm{ cfa4 u/L ljZj ahf/df d"No
clej[l4o'Qm j:t'sf] lgsf;L a9fO{ Jofkf/ 3f6f sd ug]{ .
@=#

j:t' tyf ;]jf Jofkf/nfO{ k|lt:kwL{ Pj+ ;'b[9 agfO{ cfo tyf
/f]huf/Lsf cj;/ a9fpg] / ul/aL 36fpg ;xof]u k'ofpg]
dfWodsf] kdf pkof]u ug]{ .

@=$ cfGtl/s Jofkf/ / j}b]lzs Jofkf/aLrsf] cGt/;DaGw :ki6


kdf :yflkt u/L Ps csf{sf] kl/k"/s kdf ljsf; ug]{ .
#= d"n /0fgLlt
#=!

Jofkf/nfO{ cGt/f{li6o:t/df k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;Sg] u/L cg's"n


jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug]{
-s_ j}b]lzs Jofkf/nfO{ ljZj cy{Joj:yf cg's"n k|lt:kwL{
agfpg ;/sf/n] kyk|bz{s, ;+/Ifs, lgofds / pTk|/] ssf]
e"ldsf lgjf{x u/L lghL If]qnfO{ Jofkf/ ;~rfngdf ;lqmo
;xefuL agfpg] .
-v_ Jofkf/ k|lqmofdf ;/nLs/0f, ;xhLs/0f tyf ;+:yfut
;'b[9Ls/0fsf] dfWodaf6 lgsf;L k}7f/Ldf ;xhtf NofO{
sf/f]jf/ nfut 36fpg] .

!*$

-u_

j:t' tyf ;]jf Jofkf/;Fu ;DalGwt gLltut, ;+:yfut /


ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] ljsf; / ;'wf/ ug]{ .

-3_

af}l4s ;DklQ clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f u/L cGt/f{li6o ahf/df


g]kfnL pTkfbgsf] kx'Fr a9fpg] .

-_

:jb]zdf pknAw ;Lk, ;fwg / ;|ft] df cfwfl/t t'ngfTds


nfesf j:t'xsf] klxrfg / 5gf]6 u/L Jofkf/ k|j4{gdf
;xof]u k'ofpg] .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#=@

lgof{t clej[l4 u/L Jofkf/ 3f6f sd ug]{


-s_ lgof{td"ns pBf]uxnfO{ rflxg] sRrf kbfy{, cf}Bf]lus
d]l;g/L cflbsf] cfoft k|lqmof ;/n agfpg] / k|fT] ;fxgsf]
Joj:yf ug]{ .

#=#

-v_

lkIfLo, If]qLo / ax'kIfLo Jofkf/ ;lGwaf6 l;lh{t


cj;/xsf] pkof]u u/L g]kfndf pTkflbt j:t'xsf]
cGt/f{li6o ahf/ lj:tf/ ug]{ .

-u_

:jb]zL tyf ljb]zL nufgL cfslif{t u/L lgsf;L k|j4{g


ug{ ljz]if cfly{s If]qxsf] :yfkgf / lj:tf/ ug]{ .

cfo / /f]huf/Lsf cj;/ j[l4 ug]{


-s_ jfl0fHo If]q;Fu ;DalGwt /f]huf/d"ns ;Lk / pBdzLntf
ljsf;df hf]8 lbO{ ;LdfGts[t ju{ / ljkGg ;d'bfodf
/f]huf/L a9fpg] / Jofkf/ ljsf;nfO{ ;dfj]zL t'Nofpg] .
-v_

k/Dk/fut ;Lk, snf / sf}znsf] k|of]u u/L pTkfbg x'g]


lgsf;LhGo j:t'xnfO{ ahf/df k'ofpg cf}Bf]lus u|fd,
ljz]if If]qx (Special thrust areas) sf] ljsf; /
k|j4{gdf hf]8 lbg] .

-u_

;]jf Jofkf/ k|j4{g u/L cfo / /f]huf/Lsf cj;/ j[l4


ug{ hf]8 lbg] .

#=$ cfGtl/s Jofkf/ / j}b]lzs Jofkf/aLr cGt/;DaGw :yfkgf


ug]{
-s_

lgof{tof]Uo pBf]uaf6 pTkfbg x'g] j:t' jf ;]jfsf] cf+lzs


lx:;f d'n'sleq vkt ug]{ jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug]{ .

-v_

:jb]zleq} vkt x'g] u/L pTkfbg ul/Psf j:t' jf ;]jfsf]


lj:tf/ u/L lgof{t ug{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ .

$= gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt


$=!

;/sf/ / lghL If]qsf] e"ldsf tyf Jofj;flos Ifdtf clej[l


ug]{

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!*%

$=!=! gLlt

!*^

!_

lghL If]qsf] cu'jfOdf lgof{t Jofkf/nfO{ If]qut


Pj+ j:t'ut ljljwLs/0f u/L k|lt:kwL{ agfpg
;/sf/af6 ;+/Ifs, lgofds / ;xhstf{sf] e"ldsf
lgjf{x ul/g]5 .

@_

ljQLo tyf df}lb|s, ljb]zL nufgL, cf}Bf]lus If]q,


ko{6g, s[lif, jg, ef}lts k"jf{wf/ cflb gLltxnfO{
jfl0fHo gLlt;Fu ;fd~h:o x'g] u/L kl/dfh{g ug]{
Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .

#_

dfly plNnlvt If]qut gLltxaLr k[i7, cu| tyf


;dfgfGt/ cGt/;DaGw sfod u/fO{ lgsf;Lsf
cfwf/nfO{ km/flsnf] kfl/g]5 .

$_

cGt/f{li6o ahf/sf] dfucg';f/sf] kl/df0f /


u'0f:t/df j:t'sf] cfk"lt{ a9fpg g]kfnL u'0f:t/nfO{
ljb]zdf ;d]t dfGotf lbnfpg lkIfLo / If]qLo
;Demf}tf ul/g]5 .

%_

ax'kIfLo Jofkf/ Joj:yfcg'k cfGtl/s pBf]usf]


;+/If0f ug{ Anti- Dumping, Countervailing,
Safeguard ;DaGwL sfg' g L Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .

^_

b]zdf pknAw / eljiodf ljsf; x'g;Sg] nfut


k|efjsf/L / u'0f:t/o'Qm pTkfbgsf dfWodaf6
kmfObf p7fpg afXo;|ft] (Outsourcing) / s/f/
(Contract) ;] j f tyf pTkfbgsf] dfWodaf6
cGt/f{li6o pTkfbg ;~hfn (International
production network) :yfkgf ug{ ljb] z L
nufgLstf{ / u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLxnfO{ k|fT] ;fxg
ul/g]5 .

&_

lgof{t sDkgLxnfO{ ljb]zdf ;Dks{ sfof{no jf


laqmLsIf vf]Ng / ljb]zL cfoftstf{ sDkgLnfO{
g]kfnL ;]jf tyf j:t'sf] k|j4{g ug{ ;Dks{ sfof{no
(liaison office) :yfkgf ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*_

pkef]Qmfsf] xslxt ;+/If0f ug{, cfGtl/s Pj+


cGt/f{li6o ahf/df :jR5 k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0fsf]
ljsf; ug{sf nflu k|lt:kwf{ P]gsf] k|efjsf/L
sfof{Gjog / pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f P]gdf ;d;fdlos
;'wf/ ul/g]5 . ;fy}, cfGtl/s Jofkf/;DaGwL P]gx
th'{df u/L nfu" ul/g]5 .

(_

j:t' tyf ;]jf lgof{t k|j4{gsf nflu lghL, u}/;/sf/L


Pj+ cg' ; Gwfgd" n s ;+ : yfsf] Ifdtf clej[ l 4
ul/g]5 .

$=!=@ sfo{gLlt
!_

lgof{t Jofkf/ lj:tf/ / k|j4{g ug]{ p2]Zon] k|d'v


'
lgof{tstf{x Pj+ ljb]zl:yt g]kfnL j:t'sf k|dv
cfoftstf{xnfO{ ;Ddfg / k'/:s[t ug]{ Joj:yfnfO{
k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .

@_

lgof{t;Fu k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ;DaGw /x]sf ;/sf/L


lgsfo / lghL If]qsf Jofkfl/s ;+3;+:yfx tyf
pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3xaLrsf] ljBdfg ;~hfnnfO{
a[xt\ agfO{ lgof{t Jofkf/nfO{ cem a9L k|lt:kwL{
/ k|efjsf/L agfOg]5 .

#_

pTklQsf] k|df0fkq hf/L ug]{ lgsfo, l;kmfl/; ug]{


lgsfo, ;]jf z'Ns tyf To;sf] pkof]u / cg'udg
ug]{ lgsfosf ;DaGwdf sfo{ljlw agfO{ kf/bzL{ /
Jojl:yt ul/g]5 .

$_

Jofkf/ ;xof]u;DaGwL gLltut, sfg'gL / k|lqmofut


Joj:yfnfO{ yk kl/dfh{g u/L cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/
k|0ffnLcg'k agfOg]5 .

%_

k//fi6 dGqfno / ljb]zl:yt g]kfnL lgof]unfO{ cfly{s


s"6gLlt, nufgL ;DefJotf / lgof{t k|j4{gsf ljljw
kIfxdf k| e fjsf/L 9+ u n] kl/rfng ul/g] 5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!*&

^_

g]kfnL j:t'xsf k|d'v cfoftstf{ b]zx Pj+


g]kfn;Fu a9L Jofkf/ ;Defjgf ePsf b]zl:yt
g]kfnL lgof]uxdf jfl0fHob"tx (Commercial
Counsellor) v6fpg] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .

&_

d'Vo eG;f/ laGb'xaf6 k|bfg ul/g] ;]jfsf nflu


eG;f/ sfof{noxdf vfB, u'0f:t/, s[lif, jg,
k'/ftTjnufot cGo lgsfosf k"jf{wf/;lxtsf
PsfOx /fvL ;]jf k|bfg ul/g]5 .

*_

lgsf;LnfO{ ;xhLs/0f ug{ k|zf;lgs, k|fljlws


Pj+ lghL If]qsf lgsfoxnfO{ Jofkf/ k|j4{g
k|lti7fgsf] ;dGjodf PsLs[t ;]jf k'ofOg]5 .

(_

j:t'ut ;+3;+:yf, lkIfLo r]Da/x / pBf]u


Joj;foLxsf] k|ltlglwd"ns ;+:yfxsf] Ifdtf
ljsf;sf] sfo{ q md ;~rfng ul/g] 5 .

!)_ Jofkf/;Fu ;DalGwt gLlt lgdf{0f k|lqmofdf lghL


If]q, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf, lj1 / cg';Gwfgd"ns
;+:yfnfO{ ;xefuL u/fOg]5 .
$=@ k|lqmofut ;/nLs/0f tyf ;+:yfut ;'b'9Ls/0fsf dfWodaf6
sf/f]jf/ nfutdf sdL Nofpg]
$=@=! gLlt

!**

!_

sf/f]af/ nfut (Transaction cost) 36fpg


lgsf;LhGo pTkfbgdf pkof]u x'g] sRRff kbfy{df
nfUg] s/ tyf dx;'nnfO{ ;/n, zL3| tyf ;xh
9+ u af6 lkmtf{ x' g ] Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .

@_

Jofkf/ k|j4{gsf lgldQ cfjZos ;"rgf ;+sng,


k|zf]wg / ;Dk|]if0fnfO{ cfw'lgs ;"rgf k|0ffnL
Joj:yfkgsf] dfWodaf6 k|efjsf/L t'NofOg]5 .

#_

;fs{ (SAARC) sf ;b:o /fi6x Pj+ Jofkf/


;fem]bf/ d'n'sx;Fu ldNg] u/L g]kfnsf] eG;f/,
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

kf/jxg / u'0f:t/ k|df0fLs/0f;DaGwL k|lqmof,


dfkb08 (Standards) tyf gLlt lgodxdf
Psktf NofOg]5 .
$_

kf/jxgnfO{ ;'ljwfo'Qm / sd vlr{nf] agfO{ Jofkf/sf]


k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{ ;'Svf aGb/ufxaf6
k| b fg ul/g] ;] j fnfO{ k| e fjsf/L agfOg] 5 .

%_

g]kfnsf] cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/sf] nfut sd ug{


kf/jxg (Transit) b]zx Pj+ l5d]sL d'ns
' xsf]
j}slNks kf/jxg dfu{x tyf aGb/ufxxsf]
ef}lts k"jf{wf/, dlN6df]8n ;'ljwf, oftfoftsf]
;'ljwf / nfutsf] cWoog u/L pko'Qm kf/jxg
dfu{ s f] k| o f] u ug{ ;lGw;Demf} t f ul/g] 5 .

-^_

pTkfbg:t/df nfut k|efjsf/L pkfox (Cost


Effective Measures) ckgfpg' s f ;fy}
cfk"lt{hGo sl7gfO (Supply Side Constraint)
x6fpg sfo{ q md th' { d f u/L nfu" ul/g] 5 .

$=@=@ sfo{gLlt
!_

eG;f/ 5'6fpg] k|lqmofnfO{ ;/nLs[t Pj+ r':t ug{


l5d]sL /fi6sf eG;f/x;Fu ;d]t ;dGjo u/L
PsLs[ t eG;f/ k| 0 ffnLsf] lj:tf/ ul/g] 5 .

@_

cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/ k4ltcg'ksf] eG;f/ d"Nofg


k4ltsf] cjnDag ub}{ eG;f/ k|lqmofdf ;/nLs/0f
u/L k|efjsfl/tf a9fOg]5 .

#_

lgsf;LhGo j:t'xsf] u'0f:t/ sfod ug{ k|rlnt


cfGtl/s / cGt/f{li6o dfkb08cg';f/ u'0f:t/
lgwf{/0f ug]{ kl/kf6L cf/De ul/g]5 . u'0f:t/
lg/LIf0f, k|df0fLs/0f / cg'udgsf nflu cfjZos
cfwf/lznfsf] :yfkgf tyf ;"rgf k|jfx / bIf
hgzlQmsf] ljsf; ub}{ cGt/f{li6o dfkb08cg'k
t'NofOg]5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!*(

$_

kf/jxg ;]jfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg ;LdfjtL{ eG;f/


If]qxdf uf]bfd ;'ljwf, eG;f/;DaGwL ;"rgf
k|jfxdf j[l4 / 9'jfgL Pj+ Clearing and Forwarding
sf] ;]jf lj:tf/ ul/g]5 .

%_

;Ldf tyf cGt/f{li6o ljdfg:ynl:yt k|dv


' eG;f/
sfof{noxdf gfktf}n d]l;g, PS;/] d]l;g,
Nofaf]/]6/L, sDKo'6/ 8f6f Joj:yfkg tyf zLt
e08f/sf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

^_

lgof{ts kmd{xsf] gjLs/0f, lgof{thGo pBf]uxn]


k}7f/L ug]{ sRrf kbfy{sf] eG;f/ dx;'n;DaGwL
k|lqmof, lgsf;L ePsf j:t'xsf] eG;f/ dx;'n
lkmtf{, d"No clej[l4 s/;DaGwL Joj:yf, lgof{t
c8{/sf] nflu gd'gf (sample) lng] lbg] Joj:yfnfO{
;/n, lgof{t;xof]uL, l56f]5l/tf] / nfutk|efjL x'g]
lsl;dsf] agfOg]5 .

&_

lgof{t k|j4{gsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ahf/;DaGwL


;"rgfsf] ;+sng, k|zf]wg Pj+ ljt/0f sfo{nfO{
k|efjsf/L agfpg Jofkf/ k|j4{g k|lti7fgnfO{ yk
ljQLo, dfgjLo / cGo cfjZosLo 6]jf;lxtsf]
;|f]t;fwg pknAw u/fOg]5 .

*_

k'/ftfTjLs tyf wfld{s dxTjsf j:t', lj:kmf]6s


kbfy{, jftfj/0f / jGohGt' ;+/If0f;DaGwL j:t' /
ljleGg g] k fn kIf ePsf ;lGw;Demf} t f tyf
sGe]G;gn] aGb]h u/]sf j:t'xafx]s c ;Dk"0f{
j:t'sf] lgsf;L v'nf ul/g]5 .

$=# j}b]lzs Jofkf/;Fu ;DalGwt gLltut, ;+:yfut tyf e}lts


;+/rgfsf] ljsf; ug]{
$=#=! gLlt
!_
!()

lgsf;LnfO{ cfly{s pGgltsf] cfwf/lznfsf] kdf


ljsf; ug{sf nflu ljBdfg lgsf;L k}7f/L lgoGq0f
P]gnfO{ k|lt:yfkg u/L gofF P]gsf] th'{df ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@_

cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/df k|ToIf e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{


;/sf/Llgsfoxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ul/g]5 .

#_

;'Vvf aGb/ufx, zLt e08f/, sG6]g/ k|m]6 :6];g,


;8snufotsf ef} l ts k" j f{ w f/xsf] lgdf{ 0 f
cGt/f{li6o dfkb08cg'k ul/g]5 . ;fy} ljBdfg
;+/rgfsf] :t/f]Gglt ul/g]5 .

$_

l5d]sL d'ns
' xaLrsf] :ynut Jofkf/af6 ;d'lrt
nfe k|fKt ug{ ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; tyf
;'wf/sf nflu kxn ul/g]5 .

%_

ljZjljBfnoxsf] jfl0fHo / cy{zf:qsf kf7\


oqmdxdf cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/, If]qLo Jofkf/
;lGw;Demf}tfx / ltgsf d'Vo k|fjwfg, lgof{t
k|j4{g cflb ljifox ;dfj]z ug{ kxn ul/g]5 .

^_

lghL If]qsf] of]ubfg;d]t lglZrt u/L /fli6o tyf


cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/ d]nf cfof]hgf ug{ / d]nfdf
efu lng ;xof]u ul/g]5 .

$=#=@ sfo{gLlt
!_

ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7g tyf k|rlnt cGt/f{li6o


k|fjwfg;Fu ;DalGwt vf; u/]/ af}l4s ;DklQ
clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f (TRIPS), :oflg6/L / kmfO6f]
:oflg6/L (SPS) / j:t'sf] cGt/f{li6o u'0f:t/ /
u'0f:t/Lo k|df0fLs/0f, eG;f/ k|lqmof cflbaf/]
;/sf/L / lghL If]qsf hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf clej[l4
ul/g]5 .

@_

pQ/ / blIf0ftkm{sf Jofkfl/s gfsfxnfO{ /]ndfu{


tyf km/flsnf /fhdfu{af6 hf]8g\ cWoog u/fOg'sf
;fy} ljBdfg pQ/blIf0f ;8s dfu{xsf] ;'wf/
/ :t/f]Gglt ul/g]5 .

#_

blIf0f Pl;ofsf ef/t, g]kfn, a+unfb]z / e'6fgnfO{


hf]8\g] cGt/f{li6o:t/sf] oftfoft dfu{;lxtsf]

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!(!

pkIf]qLo ljsf; cjwf/0ff (Growth Quadrangle)


nfO{ ;Da4 kIfxsf] k/fdz{df cl3 a9fpg kxn
ul/g]5 .
$_

ef/t / rLgaLrsf] :yndfu{af6 x'g] lkIfLo


Jofkf/df g]kfnnfO{ kf/jxglaGb'sf] kdf ljsf;
ug] { p2] Z oaf6 klxrfg ul/Psf d' V o eG;f/
gfsfxdf k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ul/g]5 .

%_

sf7df08f} s f] cGt/f{ l i6 o ljdfg:ynsf] sfuf] {


sDKn]S;nfO{ ;'Jojl:yt ug]{ / cGo d'ns
' sf sfuf]{
ljdfgxsf] p8fgdf j[l4 ug{ kxn ul/g]5 .

^_

g]kfnu~h, /;'jf tyf tftf]kfgL nufotsf cGo


;Defljt :yfgxdf ;'Svf aGb/ufx lgdf{0f ug]{
Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .

&_

cf}Bf]lus Pj+ j}b]lzs Jofkf/ k|j4{g ug]{ p2]Zo lnO{


lghL If]q;d]tsf] ;xeflutfdf sf7df08f}df Pp6f
cGt/f{li6o:t/sf] k|bz{gL:yn lgdf{0f ul/g]5 .

$=$ af}l4s ;DklQ clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f /tyf ;]jf lgsf;L clej[l[ 4sf
nflu gLltut tyf ;+ : + : yfut ;+ / + / rgf tof/ ug] {
$=$=! gLlt
!_

af}l4s ;DklQ clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;]jf Jofkf/sf]


lj:tf/sf nflu sfo{of]hgf agfO{ nfu" ul/g]5 .

@_

lkIfLo, If]qLo / ax'kIfLo Jofkf/ ;Demf}tf cg'sn


"
x'g] u/L cGt/f{li6o ahf/df g]kfnL j:t'sf] ;+/If0fsf
nflu sfg'gL Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

$=$=@ sfo{gLlt
!_

!(@

j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cGt/f{li6o ahf/df kx'Fr a9fpg


ljb]zl:yt s"6g}lts lgof]uxnfO{ Trade Intelligence
sf] kdf sfo{ ug] { u/L lqmofzLn t' N ofOg] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@_

k|d'v lgsf;L j:t'sf] cGt/f{li6o ahf/df af}l4s


;DklQ clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f ug{ ;3fOg]5 . TRIPS
cGtu{t x:tsnf, lrof, skmL, un}r
F f, kl:dgf, dx
cflbh:tf lgsf;LhGo j:t'sf] ef}uf]lns ;]tLs/0f
(Geographical Indication) ;DaGwL clwsf/
sfod ug{ kxn ul/g]5 .

#_

jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnosf] cu|;/tfdf pBf]u,


s[lif, jg, ;+:s[lt / lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfnox
Pj+ g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3 / ;f]cGtu{tsf
j:t'ut ;+3x;d]tsf] ;xeflutfdf ;ldlt agfO{
af}l4s ;DklQsf] ljljw kIfdf ;d]t sfo{gLlt to
ul/g]5 .

$_

ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7g / If]qLo Jofkf/ ;Demf}tfxdf


ePsf] k|fjwfg cg'ksf ;]jfxsf] lgsf;L / vf;
u/L rf}yf] df]8 (Mode 4) cGtu{tsf] ;]jf Jofkf/
lj:tf/ ug{ bIf hgzlQm tof/ ug{ k|fyldstf
lbOg]5 .

%_

lgof{tof]Uo j:t' / ahf/sf] ljsf;sf nflu k|efjsf/L


e" l dsf v] N g ;Sg] u/L cfjZos ;f+ u 7lgs
;+/rgf;lxtsf] Jofkf/ k|j4{g k|lti7fg (Trade
Promotion Institute) gfdsf] :jfoQ ;+:yf :yfkgf
u/L xfnsf] Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|nfO{
;f] x L ;+ : yfleq ljno (Merge) ul/g] 5 .

^_

g]kfnL k/Dk/fut ;Lk, sf}zn, j:t' pTkfbg ug]{


k|lqmof / pTkflbt j:t'sf] af}l4s ;DklQ clwsf/
(TRIPS) sf] ;+/If0f ul/g]5 .

$=% lgof{ t d" n s pBf] u nfO{ yk k| f ] T ;fxgsf] Joj:yf ug] {


$=%=! gLlt
!_

lgof{td"ns pBf]uxnfO{ rflxg] sRrf kbfy{,


cf}Bf]lus d]l;g/L cflbsf] cfoftdf ;/n k|lqmof
ckgfOg]5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!(#

@_

b]zleq sRrf kbfy{ pknAw x'g] j:t'xsf] :jb]zd}


pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 .

#_

jfl0fHo gLltsf] sfof{GjognfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg


s[lif, jgnufotsf If]qut gLltxaLr ;dGjo
ul/g]5 .

$_

k|zf]wg gu/L lgsf;L eO/x]sf k|fylds j:t'xsf]


d"No clej[l4 (value addition) u/L lgsf;L ug{
k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .

%_

lgsf;Ldf lgof{t ;]jf z'Nsafx]s eG;f/ dx;'n,


cGtMz'Ns / d"No clej[l4 s/ nufOg] 5}g .

^_

lghL / ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ lgof{t k|j4{g u[x :yfkgf


ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .

&_

lgsf;Ldf ljQLo ;fwgsf] k|jfx a9fpg export


credit guarantee scheme nfu" ul/g]5 .

*_

lgsf;Ld"ns pBf]usf] ;+j]bgzLntfnfO{ Wofgdf


/fvL tfnfaGbL tyf x8tfnh:tf lqmofsnfk x'g
glbg ;Da4 kIfsf] ;xdltdf ljz]if pkfox
ckgfOg]5 .

(_

pTkfbg lng nfdf] ;do nfUg] lrof, skmL, kmnk"mn,


h8La'6L, d;nfsf af]6, l/f, l6d'/h:tf jgk}bfjf/sf]
nflu Jofj;flos v]tL ug{ lnhdf hUuf pknAw
u/fpg] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .

$=%=@ sfo{gLlt
!_

!($

x:tsnf, h8La'6L, dx, lrof, b"w, df5f, df;',


t/sf/L / cGo cw{kz
| f]lwt j:t'nfO{ k|zf]wg s]Gb|;Dd
Nofpg / e08f/0f ug{ ;xof]u k'ofpg lghL If]q
/ ;xsf/L If]qsf] ;+nUgtfdf j:t' ljsf; sf]if
(Product Development Fund) sf] :yfkgf
ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@_

k|dv
' lgsf;LhGo j:t'xsf] u'0f:t/df ;'wf/ / j:t'
ljsf; tyf ljljwLs/0f ug{ lghL If]q;Fusf] ;xsfo{df
PsLs[ t k| f ljlws ;+ : yfsf] :yfkgf ul/g] 5 .

#_

lgof{td"ns j:t' pTkfbgsf nflu k|of]u ul/g]


sRrf kbfy{, ;xfos sRrf kbfy{, Kofls d]6l] /on
/ dfWolds j:t' cfoftdf a}s
+ Uof/]G6Ldf Bonded
Warehouse sf] ;' l jwf pknAw u/fOg] 5 .

$_

lgof{td"ns pBf]un] cfoft u/]sf] jf :yfgLo:t/df


vl/b u/]sf] sRrf kbfy{ jf ;xfos sRrf kbfy{df
nfu]sf] s/ dx;'nx lgof{t kl/df0fsf] cfwf/df
lgsf;Lstf{nfO{ lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .

%_

lgof{t k|j4{gsf nflu lgof{t k|j4{g u[x (Export


Trading House), ;xsf/L ;+:yf jf lghL sDkgLsf]
kdf :yfkgf u/L ;~rfng ug{ k| f ] T ;flxt
ul/g]5 . o;/L lgof{t k|j4{g u[x :yfkgf ubf{
cfly{s ljsf;df If]qLo ;Gt'ng sfod ug{ ljz]if
Wofg k'ofOg]5 .

^_

:yfgLo pBf]u;Fu lgof{td"ns pBf]un] s/f/ u/L vl/b


u/]sf j:t' lgof{t ePkZrft\ lgof{t kl/df0fsf] cfwf/df
d"No clej[l4 s/ / cGtMz'Ns s/f/df pTkfbg ug]{
sDkgLnfO{ lkmtf{ ug] { Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .

&_

d'Vo lgsf;L j:t'tof/L kf]zfs, un}r


+ f / x:tsnfsf]
lgsf;L a9fpg j:t' ljsf; sfo{qmd ;~rfng
ul/g]5 . ;fy}, lrof, skmL, t/sf/Lsf] aLp, h8La'6L
/ s[lif Pj+ b'UwhGo tyf u}/sfi7 jghGo j:t'sf]
lgsf;L a9fpg sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 . ;fy},
lgsf;LhGo yk gofF j:t'sf] klxrfg / k|j4{g ug{
ljz]if sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 .

*_

lgof{t x'g] j:t' / ;f]sf] pTkfbgsf] nflu rflxg]


sRrf kbfy{ d'ns
' leq cf];f/k;f/ ubf{ s'g} lsl;dsf]
z'Ns nfUg] 5}g .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!(%

$=^ lkIfLo, If]qLo / ax'kIfLo Jofkf/ clej[l4sf cj;/ ax'kIfLonfO{


pkof]u u/L ahf/ lj:tf/ ug]{
$=^=! gLlt
!_

g]kfnsf] lgsf;L Jofkf/sf] kx'r


F cGt/f{li6o ahf/df
lj:tf/ ug{ cd]l/sf, o'/f]lkog o'lgognufot
t'ngfTds kdf a9L Jofkfl/s ;Defjgf ePsf
d'n'sx;Fu / yk If]qLo Jofkf/ ;+u7gx;Fu
:jtGq Jofkf/ If]q (Free Trade Area) ;DaGwL
;Demf}tf ug{ kxn ul/g]5 .

@_

lkIfLo, If] q Lo tyf ax' k IfLo Jofkf/


;lGw;Demf}tfxn] pknAw u/fPsf cj;/xsf]
pkof]u ug{ ;dfg Jofkf/ :jfy{ ePsf cGo
d'n'sx;Fu ;xsfo{ ul/g]5 .

#_

clt sd ljsl;t vf; u/L e"kl/j]li7t d'n'ssf]


x}l;otn] lkIfLo, If]qLo tyf ax'kIfLo Jofkf/
;lGw;Demf}tfxn] pknAw u/fPsf] ;'ljwfxsf]
clwstd pkof] u ug] { t km{ kxn ul/g] 5 .

$=^=@ sfo{gLlt

!(^

!_

cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/sf] k|j[lQ, jt{dfg / efjL lbzf


/ g]kfnn] ;f] ;Gbe{df lng'kg]{ gLltut sbdxaf/]
lgisif{df k'Ug lghL, ;/sf/L / lj1xsf] ;xeflutfdf
Ps :yfoL Jofkf/ gLlt ljZn]if0f ;+oGq (Trade
Policy Analytical Wing) sf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 .

@_

Jofkf/ k|j4{g k|lti7fgnfO{ cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/


;DaGwdf ;|f]ts]Gb|sf] kdf ljsf; u/L lkIfLo,
If]qLo tyf ax'kIfLo Jofkf/ ;lGw ;Demf}tfxaf6
pTkGg r'gf}tL / cj;/x Pj+ ltgsf k|fjwfgaf/]
;" r gf k| j fx u/fpg] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

$=& lgsf;L k|j|j4{g{gsf nflu ljz]]if cfly{ss If]qxsf] :yfkgf


ug]{]
$=&=! gLlt
!_

lgsf;L k|j4{g ug{ ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ;lxtsf] lgof{t


k|zf]wg If]q tyf ljz]if cfly{s If]qxsf] :yfkgf
ul/g]5 .

@_

ljz]if cfly{s If]qxdf :yflkt pBf]uxnfO{ yk


;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnotnufot nlrnf] >d gLlt;lxtsf]
sfg'g NofOg]5 .

$=&=@ sfo{gLlt
!_

lgof{tof]Uo j:t'xsf] pTkfbsTj / k|lt:kwf{Tds


Ifdtf j[l4 ug{ ljBdfg ;'Vvf aGb/ufxglhs ljz]if
cfly{s If]qx (Special Economic Zones) sf]
:yfkgf ul/g]5 .

@_

e}/xjfdf lgdf{0ffwLg lgof{t k|zf]wg If]q / k|:tfljt


jL/u~h ljz]if cfly{s If]qsf] cf;kf;sf If]qdf
lgsf;LhGo pBf]uxnfO{ sRrf / cw{kz
| f]lwt j:t'
pknAw u/fpg] k|s[ltsf pBf]ux (ancilliary
industries) :yfkgf ug{ lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;flxt
ul/g]5 .

#_

k|efjsf/L kdf pkof]udf cfpg g;s]sf /fhlj/fh,


a'6jn / g]kfnu~hdf /x]sf cf}Bf]lus If]qxnfO{
j:t'ut ljz]if cfly{s If]qsf] kdf pkof]u ug{
kxn ul/g]5 .

$_

g]kfnnfO{ kf/jxg laGb'sf] kdf ljsf; ug]{ qmddf


d'ns
' sf] pQ/L tyf blIf0fL e]usf ;DefJo :yfgxdf
ljz]if cfly{s If]qsf] :yfkgfsf] nflu cWoog
u/fOg]5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!(&

%_

ljz]if cfly{s If]qsf] nflu cfoft, k|zf]wg, d"No


clej[l4, lgsf;L, cfGtl/s laqmL, s/ dx;'n;DaGwL
PsLs[t lgb]{lzsf nfu" ul/g]5 .

^_

j:t' ljsf; sfo{qmdsf nflu ul7t af]8,{ ;ldlth:tf


lgsfosf] Jofkf/ Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{ ;xof]u
k'ofOg]5 .

$=* jfl0fHo If]qdf /f]huf/d"ns ;Lk / pBdzLntfsf] ljsf; ug]{


$=*=! gLlt
!_

jfl0fHo If]qdf cfo tyf /f]huf/Lsf cj;/x


l;h{gf u/L hgtfsf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg
pBdzLntf ljsf;, /f] h uf/d" n s ;Lk Pj+
Joj:yfksLo Ifdtf clej[l4df hf]8 lbOg]5 .

@_

k|d'v lgsf;LhGo j:t'xsf] k|lt:kwL{ Ifdtf


clej[l4 u/L lgsf;Lsf ;fy} /f]huf/Lsf cj;/x
a9fpg] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 .

$=*=@ sfo{gLlt

!(*

!_

:jb]zL sRrf kbfy{df cfwfl/t lgsf;LhGo j:t'xsf]


pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]uxdf gofF k|ljlw ckgfpg /
pTkfbg k|lqmofdf ;'wf/ ug{ lgsf;L k|j4{g sf]ifsf]
pkof]u ul/g]5 .

@_

s[lifhGo pTkfbgdf ljljwtfsf] cj;/nfO{ pkof]u


u/L To:tf j:t'xsf] pTkfbg Pj+ k|zf]wg cGt/f{li6o
dfuadf] l hdsf] t' N ofpg Kofls, :6f] l / /
k|df0fLs/0fdf ;xof]u k'ofOg]5 .

#_

lgsf;Lof]Uo s[lifhGo j:t'df nufgL cfslif{t u/L


Jofj;flos v]tLf/f a[xt\ :t/df pTkfbg Pj+
ahf/sf] k|j4{g ug{ s/f/ tyf ;xsf/L s[lif
k|0ffnLnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

$_

lgsf;L Jofkf/ k|j4{gsf nflu lghL If]q;d]tsf]


;xeflutfdf pBdzLntf / ;Lk ljsf;sf tflnd
sfo{qmdx ;~rfng ul/g]5g\ .

%_

j}b]lzs Jofkf/sf] If]qdf bIf Pj+ s'zn hgzlQm


tof/ ug{ z}lIfs ;+:yfx;Fu cfjZos ;xsfo{
ul/g]5 .

$=( ;]jf Jofkf/ k|j4{g u/L cfo / /f]huf/Lsf cj;/df j[l4 ug]{
$=(=! gLlt
!_

;]jf Jofkf/sf ljz]if If]qx (Thrust Areas)


klxrfg u/L ;f]sf] k|j4{gsf sfo{qmdx ;~rfng
ul/g]5 .

@_

;]jf Jofkf/nfO{ ;xh, ;/n / k|efjsf/L agfpg


;+:yfut ;+oGqsf] lgdf{0f u/L k|lqmofut ;/nLs/0fsf]
Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .

#_

;]jf Jofkf/sf If]qdf lghL If]qnfO{ cu|0fL e"ldsf


v]Ng k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .

$=(=@ sfo{gLlt
!_

ko{6g, lzIff, :jf:Yo / ;"rgf k|ljlwh:tf ;]jfsf


If]qxnfO{ ljz]if ;]jf If]qsf] kdf ljsf; /
k|j4{g ul/g]5 .

@_

ljz]if ;]jf If]qxsf] k|j4{gsf nflu If]qut


lgsfox;Fu ;dGjo ul/g]5 .

#_

ljz]if ;]jf If]qxsf] Joj:yfnfO{ ahf/sf] dfucg';f/


;]jf k'ofpg ;Sg] u/L k'g/fjnf]sg ub}{ nlug]
5.

$_

;]jf Jofkf/sf] k|j4{gsf] nflu lghL If]q ;d]tsf]


;xeflutfdf jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno cGtu{t
5'} ;]jf Jofkf/ k|j4{g kl/ifb\ (Service Trade

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!((

u7g ul/g]5 . ;f] kl/ifb\n]


;]jf Jofkf/ k|j4{gsf nflu ;xhstf{ / pTk|/] ssf]
e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{5 .
Promotion Council)

%_

;]jf Jofkf/sf] k|j4{gsf] nflu ;Dalwt dGqfnox


dfkm{t ljBdfg sfg"gxsf] kl/dfh{g / cfjZostf
cg' ; f/ gofF sfg" g xsf] th' { d f ul/g] 5 .

^_

;]jf Jofkf/ If]qsf] k|j4{gdf lghLIf]qnfO{ k|fT] ;flxt


ug{ cfjZostf cg';f/ :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL ;|ft] sf]
kl/rfng ul/g]5 .

$=!) ljz] i f If] q x

(Special thrust areas)

sf] ljsf; ug] {

$=!)=! gLlt
!_

;d'bfodf cfwfl/t ;Lk / sf}znsf] k|of]u u/L lgsf;LhGo


x:tsnfsf ;fdfg pTkfbg ug{ :yfgLo lgsfosf]
;xeflutfdf ljz]if If]qx (Special thrust areas)
sf] klxrfg tyf ljsf; u/L To:tf j:t'sf] u'0f:t/
;'wf/sf] nflu ;xof]u k'ofOg]5 .

@_

:yfgLo lgsfox;d]tsf] ;xeflutfdf :yfkgf / ;~rfng


ul/g] ;xsf/L ;+:yf jf lgsf;L Jofkf/ u[xsf] e"ldsf
;'lglZrt ul/g]5 .

$=!)=@ sfo{gLlt

@))

!_

:yfgLo lgsfosf] cu'jfOdf :yflkt cf}Bf]lus u|fdxsf]


Ifdtf ljsf;, j:t' ljsf;, u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ / ahf/sf
nflu ;xof]u k'ofOg]5 .

@_

u|fdL0f If]qdf /f]huf/L / cfo cfh{gsf cj;/xsf] l;h{gf


ug{ s[lif tyf u}/sfi7 jghGoh:tf If]qx (Special
thrust areas) sf] k|j4{gdf hf]8 lbOg]5 . o:tf If]qaf6
ul/g] pTkfbgsf] cf];f/k;f/df s'g} klg :yfgLo s/ tyf
z'Ns gnfUg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

#_

ko{6sxnfO{ x:tsnfsf ;fdfgsf] laqmL a9fpg lgsf;L


s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

Jofkf/ u[xxnfO{ k|fT] ;flxt ug]{ / ko{6ssf] cfudg x'g]


d'Vo ;x/xdf ko{6g ljsf; af]8{dfkm{t :yfoL k|bz{gL
tyf laqmL sIfsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
$_ cf}Bf]lus u|fdsf] Joj:yfkg / ;~rfngdf :yfgLo lgsfo,
;xsf/L ;+ : yf tyf lgsf;L Jofkf/ u[ x nfO{ ;+ n Ug
u/fOg]5 .
%_

s[lifhGo, jghGo, 3/]n' pBf]usf pTkfbg, cfo'j{]lbs


pTkfbgxsf] lgsf;Ldf ;xsf/L ;+:yfxnfO{ k|f]T;fxg
ul/g]5 .

$=!! lgsf;LhGo t'ngfTds nfesf gofF j:t'xsf] klxrfg, 5gf]6


pTkfbg / Jofkf/sf] k|j|4{g ug]{
$=!!=! gLlt
!_

t'ngfTds nfesf j:t'xsf] klxrfg, 5gf]6 / pTkfbg


Pj+ cGt/f{li6o ahf/ kx'Frsf nflu ljz]if PsLs[t
sfo{qmdsf] sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .

@_

:yflkt lgof{td"ns j:t'xsf] pTkfbg Ifdtf / u'0f:t/


j[l4 ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .

$=!!=@ sfo{gLlt
!_

lgof{thGo j:t'xsf] pTkfbg Ifdtf / u'0f:t/ j[l4 ug{


cfjZos kg]{ ;Lk, k"FhL, k|ljlw cflb pknAw u/fpg
cfjZos ;xof]u k'ofOg]5 .

@_

s[lif, jghGo, x:tsnf tyf :jb]zL sRrf kbfy{df cfwfl/t


lgof{thGo j:t' pTkfbg:ynb]lv cGt/f{li6o ahf/;Dd
k'ofpgsf nflu lghL If]q;d]tsf] ;xeflutf /xg] u/L
lgof{ t k| j 4{ g sf] i faf6 ;xof] u k' ofOg] 5 .

#_

l;FrfO{, s[lifoGq, dn, aLp, pGgt hftsf kz'k+IfLsf]


cfk"lt{af6 s[lifIf]qsf] pTkfbsTj a9fO{ Jofj;flos s[lif,
kz' / u} / sfi7 jghGo pTkfbgdf hf] 8 lbOg] 5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@)!

$_

lgsf;LhGo pTkfbgxsf] d"No z[nf (value chain),


nfut k| e fjsfl/tf / u' 0 f:t/df ;' w f/ ul/g] 5 .

%_

ljZjahf/sf] dfucg'ksf gofF lgsf;LhGo j:t'xsf]


klxrfg Pj+ k|j4{g ug{ ljBdfg ;+:yfxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4
ul/g]5 .

$=!@ lgof{thGo pBf]unfO{ cfGtl/t{u]s ahf/;FuFu cfa4 ug]{


$=!@=! gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt
!_

pBf]un] lgof{t ug]{ p2]Zon] pTkfbg ug]{ j:t' / ;]jfsf]


s]xL lx:;f cfGtl/s ahf/df ;d]t vkt x'g] jftfj/0f
agfO{ pBf]usf] lbuf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .

@_

lgof{t k|zf]wg If]qdf :yflkt pBf]uxn] tf]lsPsf] lglZrt


kl/df0fdf cfgf] pTkfbg cfGtl/s ahf/df laqmL ug{
kfpg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

#_

:jb]zdf pTkflbt j:t'xsf] b]zleq} pkef]u a9fpg


;/sf/L lgsfoxnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .

$=!# :jb]zleq} vkt x'g] u/L pTkfbg ul/Psf j:t' jf ;]jfsf] lj:tf/
u/L lgof{t ug{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{
$=!#=! gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt
!_

:jb]zdf pTkflbt j:t' jf ;]jfsf] pTkfbg Pj+ pTkfbsTj


/ u' 0 f:t/df ;' w f/ ug{ k| f ] T ;flxt ul/g] 5 .

@_

lgof{t k|fT] ;fxg ug{ To:tf j:t' jf ;]jfsf] nflu ;DefJo


ahf/xsf] vf]hL ul/g]5 .

#_

pTkflbt j:t' jf ;]jfsf] ahf/ kx'Fr ;xh t'Nofpg


oftfoft Pj+ k" j f{ w f/ ljsf;df hf] 8 lbOg] 5 .

%= ;+:yfut Joj:yf
%=!= af]8{ ckm 6]8

(Board of Trade)

%=!=! Jofkf/ k|j4{gsf nflu cfjZos gLlt th'd{ f sfo{df ;xof]u


k'ofpg, Jofkf/ ;xhLs/0f ug{ Pj+ gLltsf] cg'udg Pj+
@)@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cGt/lgsfo ;dGjo ug{ lghL If]q;d]tsf] ;xeflutfdf


s]Gb|Lo:t/df b]xfoadf]lhdsf] Board of Trade u7g
ul/g]5
jfl0fHo dGqL /fHodGqL

cWoIf

jfl0fHo ;xfos dGqL

;b:o

;b:o, /fli6o of]hgf cfof]u -jfl0fHo x]g]{

;b:o

ueg{/, g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

;b:o

;lrj, jfl0fHo dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, pBf]u dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, cy{ dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, lzIff dGqfno

;b:o

;lrj, :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfno

;b:o

cWoIf, g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3

;b:o

(FNCCI)

cWoIf, g]kfn r]Da/ ckm sd;{

;b:o

cWoIf, g]kfn pBf]u kl/;+3

;b:o

(CNI)

cWoIf, /fli6o pBf]u Jofkf/ ;+u7g ;b:o


g]kfnaf6 ;a}eGbf a9L dfqfdf j:t' lgof{t x'g] d'n's;Fu
;DalGwt lkIfLo r]Da/ ckm sd;{sf cWoIf
;b:o
sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs, Jofkf/ k|j4{g k|lti7fg

;b:o

jfl0fHo jf e'QmfgL ;Gt'ng ljifodf ljz]if1tf


xfl;n u/]sf ljZjljBfno s]Gb|Lo ljefu:t/sf
k|fWofks jf ;xk|fWofks dWo]af6 dgf]gLt lj1 @ hgf

;b:o

jfl0fHo dGqLaf6 dgf]gLt pBf]u jfl0fHo If]qsf JolQmTj


tyf lj1 $ hgf
;b:o
dxflgb]{zs, jfl0fHo ljefu
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

;b:o;lrj
@)#

%=!=@ af]8n
{ ] s'g} JolQm jf lj1nfO{ a}7sdf efu lng cfdGq0f
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L af]8s
{ f]
;b:oxsf] yk36 x]/km]/ ug{ ;Sg]5 . af]8{sf] a}7s
sDtLdf b'O{ dlxgfdf Ps k6s a:g]5 / a}7s;DaGwL
cGo sfo{ l jlw af] 8 { n ] to u/] a df] l hd x' g ] 5 .
%=!=# af]8{sf] d'Vo sfd jfl0fHo gLltsf] sfof{Gjogdf ;dGjo
ug]{, gLlt kl/dfh{gsf] nflu ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ /
v'nf tyf pbf/ Jofkf/ gLlt sfof{Gjogdf k/]sf] afwfJojwfg
x6fpg ;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfj lbg] x'g]5 .
%=!=$ lgsf;L k}7f/L Jofkf/ sfof{Gjogdf b]lvPsf afwfJojwfgx
;'Nemfpg lg0f{o ug]{ .
%=!=% Jofkf/ ;xhLs/0fsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ cGo sfo{x
ug]{ .
%=@ Jofkf/ k| j 4{ g k| l ti7fg

(Trade Promotion Institute)

%=@=! xfnsf] Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|nfO{ ahf/sf] dfu


cg'ksf] ;]jf lbg ;Sg] :jfoQ ;+:yfsf] kdf Jofkf/
k|j4{g k|lti7fgdf kl/0ft ul/g]5 .
%=@=@ k|lti7fgn] Jofkf/;DaGwL cWoog cg';Gwfg, lgsf;L k|j4{g,
j:t' ljsf; / hgzlQm ljsf;;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{5 .
%=@=# k|lti7fgn] Jofkf/ k|j4{gsf nflu cfGtl/s Pj+ afXo
;"rgf Pj+ hfgsf/Lsf ;fy} Jofkf/;DaGwL tYof ;+sng,
k|zf]wg, ljZn]if0f tyf ;"rgf ;Dk|i] f0f ug]{ d'Vo ;+oGqsf]
kdf sfd ug]{5 .
%=@=$ k|lti7fgsf] Joj:yfkg tyf ;~rfngdf lghL If]qsf
Jofkfl/s Pj+ Jofj;flos ;+3 ;+:yfxnfO{ ;+nUg u/fOg]
5 . s]Gb|nfO{ lbuf] kdf ;~rfng ug{ ;/sf/ / lghL
@)$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

If]qaf6 ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .


%=@=% k|lti7fgn] Jofkf/ d]nf tyf k|bz{gLsf] cfof]hgf ug]{ Pj+
cfof]lht To:tf d]nf k|bz{gLdf ;xeflutf;DaGwL sfo{df
;dGjo ug]{5 .
%=# ljz]if cfly{s If]q / lgof{t k|zf]wg If]q
%=#=! lgsf;L Jofkf/ a9fpgsf nflu cfjZos k"jf{wf/ ;]jf;lxtsf]
ljz]if cfly{s If]q / lgof{t k|zf]wg If]qsf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 .
%=#=@ o;sf] :yfkgf / ;~rfngsf nflu 5'} sfg'gsf] Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
%=#=# ljz]if cfly{s If]q / lgof{t k|zf]wg If]qsf] ljsf;, :yfkgf
tyf ;~rfng ug{ lghL If]qnfO{ ;d]t k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
^= j}b]lzs Jofkf/ k|j4{g sfo{qmd
^=!= kf/jxg tyf nlhl:6s sfo{qmd
lgof{t Joj;fosf] ;~rfng nfutnfO{ sd u/L a9L k|lt:kwL{
agfpg lgDg sfo{x ul/g]5 M
^=!=! :yflkt eOs]sf ;'Vvf aGb/ufxxsf] k|efjsf/L ;~rfngsf
nflu dlN6df]8n oftfoft k|0ffnL ;DaGwL P]g sfg"gnfO{
tTsfn nfu" ul/g]5 .
^=!=@ ljBdfg g]kfnef/t /]n ;Demf}tfdf k'g/fjnf]sg tyf
kl/dfh{g u/L k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 . ;fy}, cGo
;Defljt laGb'xdf ;d]t /]n ;]jf lj:tf/ ug{ kxn
ul/g]5 .
^=!=# eG;f/ ;'b[9Ls/0fsf nflu nfu" ul/Psf] ljB'tLo ;"rgf
k|ljlwsf] lj:tf/ u/L yk df]8o\ n
' x (Module) k|of]udf
NofOg]5 / ;f]sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu eG;f/
sd{ r f/LnfO{ cfjZos tflnd k| b fg ul/g] 5 .
^=!=$ lkIfLo, If]qLo / ax'kIfLo Jofkf/ k|fjwfg cg';f/ u'0f:t/
lgwf{/0f / hfFr Pj+ u'0f:t/ k|df0fLs/0f / Conformity
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@)%

assessment sf nflu cfjZos ef}lts k"jf{wf/ / bIf

hgzlQm ljsf; u/L lgof{thGo j:t'xsf] cGt/f{li6o


ahf/df ;xhkdf kx'Fr a9fOg]5 .
^=!=% g]kfn /fHoleq :yfkgf ePsf / x'g] ;'Vvf aGb/ufx,
sG6]g/ k|m]6 :6]zg, PsLs[t eG;f/ laGb' (ICP) sf]
;~rfng / Joj:yfkgsf] lgodg ug{ OG6/df]8n oftfoft
k|flws/0fsf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 .
^=@= lgof{t k|zf]wg tyf ljz]if cfly{s If]q k|j4{g sfo{qmd
lgof{t Jofkf/nfO{ k|lt:kwL{ agfpg xfn lgld{t ;'Vvf aGb/ufx
If]qxsf] glhs lghL If]qsf] ;+nUgtfdf lgof{t k|zf]wg If]qxsf]
:yfkgfsf nflu ;DefJotf cWoog ul/g]5 . o:tf If]qsf]
:yfkgfsf nflu b] x focg' ; f/sf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 M
^=@=! pTkflbt j:t'sf] tf]lsPsf] c+z lgsf;L x'g] u/L lgof{t
k|zf]wg If]qdf pBf]u :yfkgf ug{ rfx]df To:tf pBf]u
:yfkgfsf nflu :jLs[lt lbOg]5 .
^=@=@ lgof{t k|zf]wg If]qxljz]if cfly{s If]qxdf sfk]{6
u|fd, x:tsnf u|fd tyf ufd]{G6 k|zf]wg If]q (GPZ)
:yfkgf ug{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
^=@=# lgof{t k|zf]wg If]qdf :yflkt pBf]uxnfO{ k|j4{g ug{
>d P]g nlrnf] agfOg]5 .
^=@=$ lgof{t k|zf]wg If]qsf] nflu cfoft, k|zf]wg, d"No clej[l4
/ lgof{t;DaGwL PsLs[t lgb]{lzsf agfO{ nfu" ul/g]5 .
^=#= k|rf/ k|;f/ tyf k|j4{g sfo{qmd
^=#=! ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] k|fjwfgcg';f/

Sanitary &

/ Trade
in Services ;DaGwL ;"rgf k|jfx / ;f]wk'5;DaGwL
ljBdfg National Inquiry Point xnfO{ ;' b [ 9
agfOg]5 . jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnon] To:tf Inquiry
Point xsf] ;dGjo ug]{5 .
Phytosanitary, Technical Barriers to Trade

@)^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

^=#=@ lgof{t k|j4{g ug{sf nflu ljb]zL Jofkf/ d]nfdf ;xefuL


x'bF f ;fdfgsf] emGem6 d'Qm cf];f/k;f/ ug{ ;3fp k'uf];\
eGg] p2]Zon] ATACARNET sf] ;b:otf lng kxn
ul/g]5 .
^=$= hgzlQm ljsf; sfo{qmd
^=$=! lkIfLo, If]qLo / ax'kIfLo Jofkf/ ;lGw;Demf}tfxsf]
hl6ntfnfO{ Wofg lbO{ j:t' Pj+ ahf/ ljsf;, u'0f:t/
;'wf/nufot Jofkf/ ;lGw ;Demf}tfxsf af/]df jftf{
ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtfo' Q m hgzlQm tof/ ul/g] 5 .
^=$=@ cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/;Fu ;DalGwt vf; u/]/ af}l4s ;DklQsf
;+/If0f (TRIPS), Sanitary and Phytosanitary /
Jofkf/df k|fljlws cj/f]w -TBT_, eG;f/ d"Nofg tyf
k|lqmofsf af/]df ;/sf/L Pj+ lghL If]qsf ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf
JolQmnfO{ tflnd lbOg]5 .
&= k|lqmofut ;/nLs/0f / Joj:yf
&=!= Ohfhtkq;DaGwL k|lqmof
&=!=! k}7f/Lsf] lgldQ aGb]h / kl/df0ffTds aGb]h nufOPsf
j:t'xafx]s c j:t' a}+ls k|0ffnLdfk{mt cfoft ubf{
Ohfhtkq rflxg] 5}g .
&=!=@ lgsf;Lsf lgldQ aGb]h nfu]sf j:t' afx]s c j:t'sf]
lgsf;L v'nf ul/Psf] 5 .
&=!=# lgsf;L jf k}7f/Lsf] Ohfht rflxg] cj:yfdf jfl0fHo
ljefun] Ohfhtkq lbg]5 .
&=@= s/, eG;f/ tyf dx;'n;DaGwL Joj:yf
&=@=! lgof{t j:t' / o;sf] pTkfbgsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ sRrf
kbfy{ tyf ;xfos sRrf kbfy{x d'ns
' leq cf];f/k;f/
ubf{ :yfgLo s/ nfUg] 5}g .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@)&

&=@=@ ljb]zL qm]tfn] g]kfnL lgof{tstf{nfO{ lgof{t c8{/sf nflu


k7fPsf] gd"gf (Samples) j:t'df eG;f/ dx;'n nufOg]
5}g .
&=@=# lgof{ltt j:t'x ljb]zL cfoftstf{nfO{ cdfGo eO{ lkmtf{
ePsf cj:yfdf lgof{t ePsf] k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhftxsf]
cfwf/df To:tf j:t'xdf eG;f/ dx;'n / VAT gnfUg]
Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
&=@=$ k}7f/L ePsf sRrf kbfy{ tyf ;xfos sRrf kbfy{xaf6
pTkflbt j:t' lgof{t ePdf cfoftdf lt/]sf] eG;f/ s/
lkmtf{ x'g]5 . a}+s Uof/]G6L /fv]sf]df ;DalGwt eG;f/
sfof{non] k'ms'jf ug]{5 .
&=#= lh=P;=kL=
Joj:yf

(Generalized System of Preferences) ;DaGwL

&=#=! lh=P;=kL= ;'ljwfsf ;DaGwdf lgoldt kdf Joj;foLxnfO{


Jofkf/ k| j 4{ g k| l ti7fgn] hfgsf/L u/fpg] 5 .
&=#=@ lh=P;=kL= l;kmfl/; ug]{ lgsfo, sfo{ljlw / ;f];DaGwL
;]jfz'Ns jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnon] tf]Sg]5 .
&=#=# lh=P;=kL= l;kmfl/; ;]jfz'Nsaf6 k|fKt /sdnfO{ lgof{t j:t'
ljsf;, u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ / lgof{t k|j4{gdf vr{ ul/g]5 .
&=#=$ lh=P;=kL=sf] /]s8{ /fVg] / sfof{Gjog ug]{ sfd Jofkf/
k|j4{g k|lti7fgn] ug]{5 .
&=$= pTklQsf] k|df0fkq;DaGwL Joj:yf
&=$=! jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnon] pTklQsf] k|df0fkq
(Certificate of origin) hf/L ug]{ lgsfo / o;df nufOg]
;]jfz'Ns ;DaGwL lg0f{o ug]{5 .
&=$=@ pTklQsf] k|df0fkq k|fKt ug]{ sfo{ljlw jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{
dGqfnon] ;fj{hlgs ug]{5 .
@)*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

&=$=# pTklQsf] k|df0fkq hf/L u/]afkt k|fKt x'g] /sdnfO{ hf/L


ug]{ lgsfon] lgof{t j:t' ljsf; / k|j4{g sfo{df vr{
ug'{kg]{5 .
&=$=$ pTklQsf] k|df0fkq ;DaGwL cg'udg jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{
dGqfnon] tf]s]sf] lgsfon] ug]{5 .
&=$=% pTklQsf] k|df0fkq hf/L ug]{ lgsfon] ;f];DaGwL clen]v
sDtLdf klg # jif{;Dd cBfjlws /fVg'kg]{5 . clen]v
;DaGwL ljj/0f rf}dfl;s kdf jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{
dGqfnon] tf] s ] s f] lgsfo;dIf k] z ug' { k g] { 5 .
*= j:t' ljsf; sfo{qmd
j:t' ljsf; sfo{qmdnfO{ b'O{ 5'f5'} ;d"xdf ljefhg u/L nfu" ul/g]5 .
k|yd k|fyldstf ;d"xdf xfn lgsf;L ahf/df :yflkt e};s]sf >dk|wfg
(Labour intensive) j:t'xnfO{ ;dfj]z u/L ljz]if s]lGb|t If]q (Special
focus area) sf] kdf ljsf; ul/g]5 . o; k|fyldstf ;d"xcGtu{t
ljz]iftM tof/L kf]zfs, pmgL un}+rf / x:tsnfsf j:t'x kg]{5g\ . bf];|f]
;d"xdf lgsf;Lsf] k|r'/ ;Defjgf /x]sf s[lifhGo, x:tsnf / jghGo
j:t'xnfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{ hf]8 lbOPsf] If]q (Thrust area development)
sf] kdf sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 . o; ;d"xdf lrof, t/sf/Lsf] aLp, h8La'6L,
cb' j f / cn} + r L cflbsf] lgof{ t k| j 4{ g sf nflu hf] 8 lbOg] 5 .
*=! ljz]if s]lGb|t If]q (Special Focus Area)
*=!=! tof/L kf]zfs
*=!=!=! ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] k|fjwfg cg'k Multi-Fibre
Arrangement (MFA) cGtu{t nfu" ePsf sf]6f k|0ffnLsf]
cGTokl5sf] kl/jlt{t kl/l:ylt / cGt/f{li6o ahf/sf]
;Defljt cTolws k|lt:kwf{nfO{ Wofgdf /fvL vf; u/L
g]kfnL sk8f, tof/L kf]zfs tyf s6g 6fjnsf] lbuf]
ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos sfo{qmdx r/0fa4kdf
sfof{Gjogdf NofOg]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@)(

*=!=!=@ tof/L kf]zfs / s6g 6fjnsf] lgof{t a9fpg cjnDag


ug'{kg]{ bL3{sfnLg /0fgLlt to ug{ cWoog u/L k|fKt
lgisif{sf] cfwf/df /fli6o :t/sf] dfu{bz{g -Guidelines_
th'{df u/L sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .
*=!=!=# lh=P;=kL= ;'ljwfsf nflu j:t' pTklQsf] lgod (Rules
of Origin) nfO{ ;d]t Wofgdf /fvL tof/L kf]zfs /
s6g 6fjnh:tf sk8fdf cfwfl/t j:t'xsf] lbuf]
ljsf; ug{ k[i7;DaGw :yflkt u/L wfuf] tyf sk8f
pBf]uxsf] :yfkgfsf nflu cfjZos gLlt / k"jf{wf/xsf]
Joj:yf ul/g]5 . xfn ;~rfngdf cfO/x]sf 3/]n' tyf
7"nf :jb]zL sk8f pBf]ux;Fu ;dGjo sfod u/L
j:t' ljsf; ug{ hf]8 lbOg]5 .
*=!=!=$ tof/L kf]zfs pBf]usf] k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf j[l4 ug{
tof/L kf]zfs k|zf]wg If]q (GPZ) sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{
k|fyldstf lbO{ ;DefJotf cWoog u/fO{ o:tf If]qsf]
:yfkgfsf nflu c cfjZos sbdx rflng]5 .
*=!=!=% tof/L kf]zfssf] cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/df ePsf] v'nf
gLltaf6 l;lh{t Jofkfl/s cj;/xaf6 clwstd kmfObf
p7fpg tof/L kf]zfssf] ahf/ ljljwLs/0f ug{ lghL
If]q;Fusf] ;fem]bf/Ldf k|j4{gfTds sfo{x ul/g]5 .
*=!=!=^ ;g\ @))% kl5 sf]6f k|0ffnL x6\g uO{ Jofkf/ v'nf
ePsf] sf/0faf6 k|d'v cGt/f{li6o ahf/xdf lgsf;L
36\g uPsf] s'/fnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL To:tf ahf/xdf
eG;f//lxt kx'r
F kfpg rflnPsf sbdxnfO{ lg/Gt/tf
lbOg]5 .
*=!=!=& a9L d"No clej[l4 x'g] tof/L kf]zfssf] pTkfbgnfO{
k|fT] ;flxt ug{ cfjZos kg]{ bIf hgzlQmsf nflu lghL
If]qaf6 km];g 6]Sgf]nf]hL OlG:6Ro'6sf] :yfkgf ug{
k|f]T;fxg lbOg]5 .
@!)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*=!=@= un}rf tyf pmgL ;fdfg


*=!=@=! cGt/f{li6o ahf/df g]kfnL un}r
+ fsf] klxrfgnfO{ sfod
/fvL o;sf] lgof{t kl/df0fdf lu/fj6 cfpg glbg
g]kfn un}r
+ f (Nepal Carpet) sf] a|flG8 / n]alnsf]
sfo{nfO{ cufl8 a9fOg]5 .
*=!=@=@ g]kfn un}+rf n]alnsf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu u'0f:t/
tyf gfktf}n ljefun] k/LIf0f tyf k|df0fLs/0f ug]{
Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 . ;fy} k|dv
' ahf/df xfn kfO/x]sf]
ljz]if eG;f/ 5'6 ;'ljwfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg cfjZos
kxn ul/g]5 .
*=!=@=# d]l;gaf6 lgld{t wfuf]sf] k|of]u;DaGwL 7f]; gLlt
lgwf{/0f ug{ cGt/f{li6o ahf/df un}r
+ fsf] dfu / d"No
k|lt:kwf{nfO{ ;d]t Wofgdf /fvL nfutnfe ljZn]if0f
(Cost-benefit analysis) sf] cWoog u/fOg]5 .
*=!=@=$ g]kfnL un}r
+ fsf] :yflkt u'0f:t/nfO{ sfod ug{ un}r
+ f
pTkfbgdf k|of]u x'g] cfofltt pmgsf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f
u/]sf] k|df0fLs/0f sfuhft ;DalGwt cfoftstf{n]
eG;f/ sfof{nodf clgjfo{ kdf k]z ug'k{ g]{ Joj:yfnfO{
sfod /flvg]5 .
*=!=@=% g]kfnL un}r
+ fsf] u'0f:t/nfO{ ljZjfl;nf] agfpg pTkfbg
tyf lgsf;Lk"j{ lg/LIf0fnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfOg]5 .
*=!=@=^ g]kfnL un}r
+ fsf] cGt/f{li6o ahf/df ljBdfg 5ljdf cfFr
cfpg glbg g]kfnL un}+rfsf] gfdaf6 ljb]zL un}+rfsf]
lgsf;L x'g] l:ylt pTkGg x'g glbg pmgL un}r
+ f k}7f/Ldf
lgoGq0f u/L s'g} klg k|sf/sf] Transhipment nfO{
k"0f{kdf lg?T;fxg ul/g]5 .
*=!=@=& un}r
+ f tyf pmgL j:t'xsf] pTkfbgsf nflu d'ns
' leq}
pmgsf] pTkfbg ;DaGwL PsLs[t sfo{qmd Nofpg
;DefJotf cWoog u/fOg]5 . ljz]ifu/L ltAatL k|sf/sf]
pmg pTkfbgdf dxOTj lbOg]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@!!

*=!=@=* u'0f:t/o'Qm un}+rf lgsf;L tyf ljb]zL ahf/ kx'Frdf


lg/Gt/tf lbg un}+rfsf] u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f k|df0fLs/0f
(Quality label), afn>d/lxt k|df0fLs/0f, kof{j/0fLo
k|df0fLs/0f (Eco-label) sf] lgwf{/0f ug]{ Joj:yfnfO{
k|efjsf/L agfOg]5 .
*=!=@=( lgof{ t sf nflu ahf/ ljljwLs/0f ug{ o' / f] k ] n L
ahf/nufot cd]l/sL ahf/ tyf cGo ;Defljt
ahf/df k| j 4{ g sfo{ q mdx ;~rfng ul/g] 5 .
*=!=@=!) un}+rfsf] pTkfbg;DaGwL k|lqmofx ld>0f, s6fO /
/fOnufot l8hfOg tyf u'0f:t/;DaGwL ;+:yfut
Joj:yf ug{ lghL If]qsf] ;xeflutfdf sfk]6{ :s'nsf]
:yfkgf u/L bIf hgzlQm ljsf;df 6]jf k'ofOg]5 .
*=!=# klZdgf tyf /]zdhGo j:t'
*=!=#=! klZdgf tyf /]zdhGo j:t' pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos
k|d'v sRrf kbfy{sf] cfk"lt{ :yfoL Pj+ bL3{sfnLg
kdf u/fpg Jofj;flos ;DefJotfsf] cfwf/df
pTkfbgsf] sfo{nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
*=!=#=@ sRrf kbfy{ pTkfbg ug{ Rof\u|f kfngsf nflu
:yfgLo Joj;foLnfO{ cfjZos k"h
F L / k|ljlwsf] Joj:yf
u/L k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
*=!=#=# /]zd pTkfbg a[xt\ kdf u/fpgsf nflu cfjZos
k"FhL / k|ljlwsf] plrt Joj:yf u/L /]zdsf] sRrf
kbfy{ s f] kdf /x] s f] lsDa' v] t Lb] l v sk8f
pTkfbg;Ddsf] sfo{nfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstfsf ;fy
k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
*=!=#=$ klZdgf tyf /]zdaf6 pTkflbt j:t'sf] :t/Lotf
sfod ug{ k|efjsf/L u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f Joj:yf / k|dv
'
' df 68] dfs{ btf{ ug]{ sfo{nfO{ k|fyldstf
lgof{t d'ns
lbOg]5 .
@!@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*=!=#=% ;xsf/Lsf] cjwf/0ff tyf cfw'lgs k|ljlwaf6 Rof\uf|


kfngsf] ljsf; ug{ k|fljlwsxsf] /]vb]v Pj+
lgu/fgLdf ;DefJo u|fdL0f If]qnfO{ Rof\uf| kfng If]qsf]
kdf gd'gf cfof]hgf (Pilot Project) ;~rfngdf
NofOg]5 .
*=!=#=^ pTkfbg / lgof{t nfut sd u/L k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtfsf]
ljsf; tyf pko'Qm k|j4{gfTds sfo{qmdxsf]
dfWodaf6 ahf/ cj;/ k|bfg u/L lgof{tnfO{ k|fT] ;flxt
ul/g]5 .
*=!=#=& /] z d, klZdgf pTkfbg / lgof{ t sf nflu
cfjZostfg';f/sf dfgj ;+zfwgsf] ljsf;df ;xof]u
k'ofOg]5 .
*=!=#=* klZdgf tyf /]zdhGo pTkfbgsf] k[i7 tyf cu|;DaGw
(Backward & Forward Linkages) sf] ljsf;
ul/g]5 .
*=!=#=( klZdgf tyf /]zdhGo j:t' pTkfbgsf] ljljwtfsf] nflu
Design s] G b| s f] clwstd pkof] u ul/g] 5 .
*=!=$= x:tsnfsf ;fdfg
*=!=$=! ljz]ifu/L 7"nf] kl/df0fdf lgof{t x'g] klZdgf, pmgL
;fdfg, rfFbLsf ;/;fdfg, wft'af6 ag]sf j:t'x
tyf xft] sfuhnfO{ k|dv
' lgof{t j:t'xsf] kdf
ljsf; ug{ ;xof]u k'ofOg]5 .
*=!=$=@ x:tsnfsf j:t'xsf] pTkfbg ljljwLs/0f, l8hfOg,
u'0f:t/ ljsf; / ahf/ kx'Fr;DaGwL tflnd tyf
cg';GwfgfTds sfo{x Pp6} 5ftfd'lg ;~rfng
ug{ g]kfn x:tsnf dxf;+3sf] cu'jfOdf g]kfn
;/sf/sf] ;xeflutfdf ljljw sfo{qmdx ;~rfng
ul/g]5 . ;fy}, x:tsnf l8hfOg tyf ljsf;
s]Gb|nfO{ l8hfOg;DaGwL ;]jf k|jfx ug]{ k|lti7fgsf]
kdf ljsf; ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@!#

*=!=$=# clu|d e'QmfgL -Advance payment_ / k|tLtkq


-L/C_ af6 x'g] lgof{t Joj:yfsf] k'g/fjnf]sg u/L
x:tsnfsf] lgof{t e'QmfgL Joj:yf ;/n agfOg]
5 . vf; u/L gd'gfxsf] cfoft Pj+ lkmtL{ vl/b
(Buy back) L/C / lkmtL{ vl/b Joj:yf -Buyback arrangement _ cGtu{t lgof{t ug{ ;lsg]
Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
*=!=$=$ x:tsnfsf] lgof{t e'QmfgLnfO{ Pn=;L= dfkm{t\
x'g]afx]s cnfO{ sfuhft a'emfPkl5 e'QmfgL Document against payment_ sf] cfwf/df
x'g] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
*=!=$=% x:tsnf pTkfbsxn] kfpg'kg]{ eG;f/ dx;'n
lkmtf{ -duty-draw back_ nfO{ Jofjxfl/s /
k|efjsf/L agfpg lgof{t ePsf] /sdsf] ;db/
-Flat - rate_ tf]sL lkmtf{ lbg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
*=!=$=^ x:tsnfsf j:t'x lgsf;L ubf{ cfjZos kg]{
ljleGg l;kmfl/;x k|bfg ug]{ ;a} lgsfoxnfO{
Ps} ynf]df /fvL pQm sfo{df ;/ntf / zL3|tf
NofOg]5 .
*=!=$=& eG;f/ hfFr kf; ubf{ ;a} ;/sf/L lgsfox eG;f/, k'/ftTj ljefu, ;'/Iff k|x/L / c cfjZos
lgsfox_ nfO{ Ps} ynf]df /fvL Ps} k6s lg/LIf0f
u/L 6fFrf dfg]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
*=!=$=* x:tsnf j:t'sf] k'/ftfTjLs hfFr kf; Joj:yfnfO{
emGem6d'Qm / cfw'lgs agfpg ;DalGwt lgsfo;Fu
;dGjo u/L cfjZos Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
*=!=$=( g]kfnL sfuhsf j:t'xsf] pTkfbgdf cfjZos
nf]Stf sfuhsf] pTkfbg / ;ngsf] k|yfaf6 u|fdL0f
e]u;Dd eO/x]sf] cfly{s k|jfxnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL
jg dGqfno / jg k}bfjf/ ljsf; ;ldlt;Fu ;dGjo
u/L a[ x t\ sfo{ q md ;~rfng ul/g] 5 .
@!$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*=@ hf]8 lbOPsf] If]q -Thrust Area Development_


lgsf;Lsf] k|r/' ;Defjgf /x]sf sf/0f hf]8 lbOPsf] If]q ljsf;
(Thrust area development ) cGtu{t s[lifhGo j:t'xsf]
pTkfbg cTolws dfqfdf j[l4 u/L k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtfdf ;'wf/
Nofpg ;DalGwt ;/sf/L tyf lghL If]qsf lgsfoxaLr ;dGjo
ul/g]5 .jfl0fHo gLltsf] lglb{i6 p2]Zodf pNn]v ePcg';f/ hf]8
lbOPsf] If]q (Thrust area) cGtu{t /x]sf s[lifhGo j:t'xsf]
:yfgLo ;|f]tsf] pkof]u u/L d"No clej[l4df ;'wf/ NofO{ oL
j:t'xsf] lgof{taf6 k|fKt k|ltkmn hg:t/;Dd k'ofO{ If]qut
kdf ljsf; ul/g] nIo /xg]5 . ;/sf/n] nfu" u/]sf] bL3{sfnLg
s[lif of]hgf / cfjlws of]hgfn] s[lif If]qnfO{ cy{tGqsf] cu|0fL
If]qsf] kdf cLsf/ u/L ul/aL lgjf/0fdf ;xof]u k'ofpg]
p2]Zo /fv]sf] xF'bf tbg'k jfl0fHo gLltdf s[lif pTkfbgsf]
lgof{tnfO{ PsLs[t kdf cufl8 a9fOg]5 . ljz]iftM lgof{t
Jofkf/df t'ngfTds nfe ePsf lrof, t/sf/Lsf] aLp, cn}+rL,
cb'jf / h8La'6Lsf] lgof{tnfO{ Joj;foLs/0f ug]{ u/L sfo{qmd
nfu" ul/g]5 . oLafx]s lgof{tdf lg/Gt/ j[l4 eO/x]sf cGo
j:t'xnfO{ ahf/ k|j]zsf] ;'ljwf lj:tf/ ug]{ k|of; ul/g]5 .
*=@=!= lrof
*=@=!=! g]kfnsf] ef}uf]lns ljljwtf Pj+ hnjfo'hGo nfesf]
kmfObf / t'ngfTds nfenfO{ ;d]t Wofgdf /fvL
g]kfnL lrofnfO{ k|d'v lgof{thGo j:t'sf] kdf
:yflkt ul/g]5 .
*=@=!=@ lrofsf] pTkfbg Ifdtfdf j[l4 / u'0ffTds ;'wf/sf
nflu d'n'ssf] k"jL{ If]qnfO{ lrof If]qsf] kdf
ljsf; ug{ s[lif dGqfnonufot lrof ljsf; ;ldlt
tyf c ;DalGwt lgsfox;Fu ;dGjo u/L
PsLs[t fo{qmdsf] th'{df ul/g]5 .
*=@=!=# lrofsf] cGt/f{li6o dfunfO{ Wofgdf /fvL pTkfbgdf
lg/Gt/tf Nofpg / e/kbf]{ agfpg Jofkfl/s Ifdtf
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@!%

j[l4sf nflu s/f/ s[lif k|0ffnL / 6LO:6]6 :yfkgf


ug{ k|f]T;fxg lbOg]5 .
*=@=!=$ cyf]{8S; lrof / l;=6L=l;= lrofsf] leGgfleGg}
ahf/sf] k|s[lt x]/L pTkfbg / k|j4{gdf k|f]T;fxg
lbOg]5 .
*=@=!=% vf;u/L cyf]{8S; lrofsf nflu hfkfg, k|mfG; /
hd{gLdf k|j4{gfTds sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g]5 eg]
;L=6L=l;= lrofsf nflu kfls:tfgL ahf/nufot
ef/t / dWok"jL{ /fi6xdf ahf/ lj:tf/sf nflu
ljz]if sbd rflng]5 .
*=@=!=^ lrof pTkfbg j[l4 u/L gfkcg';f/sf] pTkfbg
ldtJolotf (Economies of scale) af6 kmfObf
lng] u/L nufgL k|j4{g ug{ xfn nfu" eO/x]sf] lrof
ljsf; sf]ifnfO{ cem k|efjsf/L agfOg]5 . pQm
sf]ifsf] nufgLnfO{ lrofsf] cGt/f{li6o ahf/Ls/0fdf
k|f]T;fxg ug{ ljz]if sbd rflng]5 .
*=@=!=& ;fgf lrof s[ifs tyf pTkfbsxnfO{ k|f]T;fxg lbO{
ahf/Ls/0f ug{ lghL tyf bft[;+:yfxsf] ;fem]bf/L
jf cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/;Fu ;'xfpFbf] k|j4{gfTds sfo{qmdx
sfof{ G jog ug{ cfjZos sbd rflng] 5 .
*=@=!=* cGt/f{li6o pkef]Qmfxsf] dfu / k|rlnt lgodnfO{
cg';/0f u/L lrofsf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f / k|df0fLs/0fsf]
Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
*=@=!=( lrof au}Frf / pTkfbg s]Gb|aLr lkm8/ /f]8sf]
lgdf{ 0 f u/L 9' j fgL nfut sd ul/g] 5 .
*=@=@ t/sf/Lsf] aLp
*=@=@=! ef}uf]lns / jftfj/0fLo ljljwtfsf sf/0f t/sf/L
aLpsf] pTkfbg tyf lgof{tsf] cj;/nfO{ lghL
If]qsf] ;xeflutfdf pkof]u ul/g]5 .
@!^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*=@=@=@ aLp pTkfbg x'g] k|d'v If]qx ?s'd, ;Nofg,


h'Dnf, sfnLsf]6 / g'jfsf]6 h:tf If]qxnfO{
ahf/Ls/0f / Joj;foLs/0f u/L c yk lhNnfdf
;d]t lj:tf/ ul/g]5 .
*=@=@=# g]kfnL aLpsf nflu k|dv
' ahf/sf kdf b]lvPsf]
a+unfb]zdf / ;DefJotf b]lvPsf dWok"jL{ Pl;of,
hfkfg / ef/tsf s[lif d]nfxdf lgoldt kdf
efu lng lghL If] q nfO{ ;3fp k' ofOg] 5 .
*=@=@=$ g]kfnaf6 lgof{t x'g] ldgcf]nL{ d'nf, rD;'/sf] ;fu,
/fof] / l;dLsf] aLpsf] u'0f:t/, pGgt / hftLo
z'4tf;lxt Vofn /fvL pTkfbg / lgof{tdf ;dGjo
Nofpg ;DalGwt lgsfo;Fu cfjZos sfo{ ul/g]5 .
*=@=@=% aLp pTkfbg / lgof{tsf nflu cfjZos s[lif
;fdu|L tyf Koflssf ;fdu|Ldf ;x'lnot k'ofOg]
5 . ;fy}, :t/Lo aLp dfq k}7f/L x'g] Joj:yfsf]
yfngL ul/g]5 .
*=@=# cn+}rL
*=@=#=! ;DefJotf cWoogsf] cfwf/df cn}FrLsf] pTkfbg
lj:tf/ ug{ k"FhL / k|ljlwdf ;xof]usf] Joj:yf
ldnfOg]5 .
*=@=#=@ u'0f:t/ / u|l] 8sf] /fli6o:t/ lgwf{/0f u/L pTkfbg
/ k|zf]wg sfo{k|0ffnLdf ;'wf/ NofO{ lgwf{l/t :t/
sfod /fVb} j:t'ut / b]zut ljljwLs/0faf6 lgof{t
a9fpg] sfo{ ul/g]5 .
*=@=#=# lgof{t ;DefJo d'n'sdf g]kfnL cn}+rLaf/] k|rf/
k|;f/ ug{ ljb]zl:yt s"6g}lts lgof]usf] ;xof]udf
cfjZos ;xof]u k'ofOg]5 .
*=@=#=$ d"No clej[l4 ug{ ;Defjgfsf] klxrfg u/L k|fT] ;flxt
ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@!&

*=@=$= bfn
*=@=$=! pGgt aLp / ljsl;t pTkfbg k|ljlwsf] Joj:yfaf6
pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj j[l4 ug{ s[lif tyf ;xsf/L
dGqfnodfkm{t bfn afnLsf] ljsf;;DaGwL ljz]if
sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
*=@=$=@ pTkfbg tyf lgof{t nIo tf]sL ;DalGwt ;]jfd"ns
;+:yfxsf] ;xof]uaf6 bfn afnL ljsf;sf nflu
cfjZos k|fljlws ;]jf, tflnd tyf aLpljhgx
pknAw u/fOg]5 .
*=@=$=# :jf:Yo k|df0fkq hf/L ug]{ :yflkt k|of]uzfnfsf]
Ifdtf lj:tf/ u/L cGt/f{li6o dfGotf lbnfpg
k|of; ul/g]5 .
*=@=$=$ cGt/f{li6o ahf/df k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtfsf] ljsf;
ug{sf nflu Sanitary and Phytosanitary
k|df0fLs/0f Joj:yfnfO{ k|efjsf/L t'NofOg]5 .
*=@=%= k'ik Joj;fo
*=@=%=! pTkfbg tyf ahf/ dfuaLr ;dGjo u/L lgof{tof]Uo
k'ik pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos la?jf, k"FhL, k|ljlw /
tflndsf] Joj:yfaf6 k'ik Joj;fosf] ljsf;
ul/g]5 .
*=@=%=@ lgof{tof]Uo k'ik Joj;fosf] ljsf;sf nflu k'ik Joj;fo
If] q klxrfg u/L pTkfbg k| f ] T ;flxt ul/g] 5 .
*=@=%=# cGt/f{li6o ahf/ k|j]zsf nflu ahf/ cWoog,
k|j4{g, ;+j]i6g tyf kl/jxgsf] sfo{df ;xof]u
k'ofOg]5 .
*=@=%=$ lgof{t x'g] hftsf km"nxsf] u'0f:t/sf kIfdf
ljZj;gLotf a9fpg cGt/f{li6o k|rngcg';f/sf]
u'0f:t/Lo k|0ffnL ckgfO{ k|df0fLs/0fsf] Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
@!*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*=@=%=% hf]lvd sd ug{ jftfg's"lnt kl/jxg Joj:yf /


ljdfg:yndf zLtu[xsf] ;'ljwf pknAw u/fOg]5 .
*=@=^= lsdtLcw{lsdtL kTy/ tyf ;'grfFbLsf uxgf
*=@=^=! lsdtL Pj+ cw{lsdtL kTy/ (Precious and
Semi-precious Gems & Stone) tyf
;'grfFbLsf u/uxgf pTkfbg, ljsf; / lgsf;L
k|j4{g ug{ 5'} ljz]if gLltut Joj:yf u/L uxgf
pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos sRrf kbfy{ k}7f/LnfO{ s/d'Qm
Pj+ ;/nLs[t ul/g]5 .
*=@=^=@ lsdtL Pj+ cw{lsdtL kTy/, vfgL pTvggnfO{ k|fT] ;flxt
u/L ax'd"No wft' Pj+ kTy/ uxgf pTkfbg, cfoft
lgof{ t Pj+ k' g M lgof{ t sf] Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
*=@=^=# lsdtLcw{lsdtL kTy/ / u/uxgf pTkfbg Pj+
lgsf;L ug]{ pBf]usf] nflu cfjZos d]l;g pks/0f
/ Hofjnxsf] k}7f/Ldf s/ tyf eG;f/ z'Ns d'Qm
u/fOg]5 .
*=@=^=$ ahf/ ljz]ifnfO{ nlIft u/L uxgfsf] pTkfbg
sfo{nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
*=@=^=% ljleGg k|sf/sf h]d:6f]g tyf ;'grfFbLsf u/uxgf
pTkfbg tyf kof{Kt ;\ux| (Stock) ug{ cfjZos
k"FhLsf] Joj:yf u/L lgof{t ahf/ cj;/ pknAw
u/fpg yk k| j 4{ g fTds sfo{ x ul/g] 5 .
*=@=^=^ ;'grfFbLsf uxgf agfpg] sflnu9xnfO{ a9L bIf
agfpg cfjZos k|lzIf0f k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf
ldnfOg]5 .
*=@=&= k|zf]lwt 5fnf
*=@=&=! u'0f:t/Lo sRrf 5fnf cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ug{ ;DefJotfsf]
cfwf/df Jofj;flos kz'kfngsf] nflu k"FhL /
k|fljlws ;xof]u k'ofOg]5 .
*=@=&=@ k|zf]lwt 5fnf / 5fnfsf j:t'xsf] lgof{tnfO{
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@!(

k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
*=@=&=# k"0f{ k|zf]lwt 5fnf tof/L ug{ cfjZos d]l;g/L
/ k|ljlwdf ;xof]u k'ofOg]5 .
*=@=&=$ cGt/f{li6o ahf/ kx'Frsf] nflu k|efjsf/L ahf/
k|j4{g sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
*=@=&=% 5fnf k|zf]wgdf j}b]lzs nufgLnfO{ k|f]T;flxt
ul/g]5 .
*=@=&=^ d]l;g/L tyf pks/0fsf] k}7f/L ug{ ;/n Aofhdf
C0f ;'ljwfsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
*=@=&=& cw{kz
| f]lwt 5fnfnfO{ k"0f{ k|zf]lwt ug{ Common
Facility Centre sf] :yfkgf u/L ;'ljwf pknAw
u/fOg]5 .
*=@=*= cb'jf;'7f]
*=@=*=! u'0f:t/Lo ;'7f]sf] pTkfbgsf] nflu pko'Qm hftsf]
cb'jf v]tL pTkfbg lj:tf/df ;DalGwt lgsfosf]
;xof]udf ks]6 If]q lgwf{/0f u/L k"h
F L, k|ljlw tyf
aLpsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
*=@=*=@ pTkflbt cb'jfsf] nflu ahf/ Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
*=@=*=# cb'jfsf] pTkfbg ljljwLs/0f u/L cGt/f{li6o ahf/
k|j]z ug{ k|df0fLs/0f Joj:yf tyf k|j4{gfTds
sfo{qmd nfu" ul/g]5 .
*=@=*=$ Jofj;flos Pj+ pGgt cb'jf v]tLsf] nflu
pTkfbgb]lv laqmL k|j4{g ug];
{ Ddsf ljljw kIfdf
tflnd k|bfg ul/g]5 .
*=@=*=% cb'jfdf cfwfl/t lgof{t j:t'sf] z'4Ls/0f /
9'jfgLdf ;xof]u k'ofOg]5 .
*=@=(= h8La'6L tyf ;f/o'Qm t]n
*=@=(=! h8La'6L pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wgdf ;'ljwfo'Qm k/LIf0f
k|of]uzfnfsf] ljsf; u/L k/LIf0f tyf k|df0fLs/0f
@@)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

;]jf pknAw u/fOg'sf ;fy} k/LIf0f k|ljlwdf cGt/f{li6o


dfGotf k|fKt ug{ k|of; ul/g]5 .
*=@=(=@ pRr d"Nosf h8La'6L tyf ;f/o'Qm t]nsf] pTkfbg,
u|]l8, e08f/0f, ;+sng ug{ Jofj;flos v]tL
k|0ffnLsf] ljsf;sf nflu k"h
F L, k|ljlw tyf tflndsf]
Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
*=@=(=# hl8a'6Ldf cfwfl/t j:t'xsf] d"No clej[l4 ug{
lgof{tof]Uo tof/L tyf cw{tof/L j:t'sf] pTkfbg
ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
*=@=(=$ h8La'6L tyf ;f]df cfwfl/t j:t'sf] lgof{tnfO{
a9fjf lbg ahf/ cg';Gwfg, vf]h Pj+ k|j4{gfTds
sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
*=@=(=% h8La'6L pTkfbgsf nflu pko'Qm :yfgxnfO{ ks]6
If]qsf] kdf k|fyldstf k|bfg u/L ;xsfl/tfsf]
cjwf/0ffaf6 pTkfbg sfo{nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
*=@=!)= xft] sfuh / ;f]sf] pTkfbg
*=@=!)=! xft] sfuh / ;f]af6 lgld{t j:t'sf] cfk"lt{ Ifdtf
tyf u'0f:t/ ljsf;sf] nflu nf]Stfsf] ;+/If0f tyf
Jojl:yt pTkfbg lj:tf/ u/L sRrf kbfy{
pknAwtfnfO{ lj:tf/ ul/g]5 .
*=@=!)=@ nf]Stf tyf g]kfnL sfuh pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos
k"FhL, k|ljlw tyf tflndsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
*=@=!)=# nf]Stf sfuh pTkfbg k|ljlwsf] ljsf;df ;xof]u
k'ofOg]5 .
*=@=!)=$ xft] sfuhdf cfwfl/t j:t'xsf] pTkfbgdf
ljljwLs/0fsf ;fy} l8hfOg ;]G6/sf] clwstd
pkof]u Pj+ ahf/ cj;/ pknAw u/fpg k|j4{gfTds
sfo{x ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
*=@=!!= sfi7snfsf j:t'x
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@@!

*=@=!!=! cGt/f{li6o ahf/ dfuadf]lhd u'0f:t/o'Qm sfi7snfdf


cfwfl/t j:t' pTkfbg ug{ sf7 l;hlg tyf lg/Gt/
cfk" l t{ n fO{ ;xh agfpg ;xof] u ul/g] 5 .
*=@=!!=@ sfi7snfsf j:t'sf] ahf/ ljljwLs/0f cg'k
sfi7snf j:t'sf] pTkfbg ug{ cg';Gwfg, tflnd,
pTkfbg ljsf; tyf lgof{t Ifdtf lj:tf/ u/L
k| j 4{ g fTds sfo{ q mdsf] ;~rfng ul/g] 5 .
*=@=!!=# lgof{tof]Uo sfi7snfsf j:t'sf] pTkfbg ug{
cfjZos d]l;g pks/0fsf] k}7f/Ldf s/ tyf
eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6 ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/g'sf ;fy}
pTkfbgsf] nflu cfjZos lah'nL cfk"lt{ Pj+
k"jf{wf/ Joj:yf cjnDag ul/g]5 .
*=@=!!=$ sfi7snfsf j:t'sf] lgof{tdf ;'ljwf / ;x'lnot
k|bfg ul/g]5 .
*=@=!!=% tflndsf] dfWodaf6 sfi7snfsf j:t'xsf]
u'0f:t/df ;'wf/ ug{ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
*=@=!!=^ sfi7snfdf cfwfl/t gofFgofF j:t'sf] pTkfbg
ljsf;df x:tsnf l8hfOg ;]G6/sf] clwstd
pkof]u ul/g]5 .
*=@=!!=& sfi7snfsf j:t'sf] lgof{tdf ;xof]u k'ofpg
tof/L j:t'sf] Fumigation Treatment ;'ljwfsf]
:yfkgf ul/g]5 .
*=@=!@= skmL
*=@=!@=! skmL pTkfbgdf j[l4 ug{ skmL pTkfbgsf yk If]qxsf]
klxrfg u/L u'0f:t/Lo xfONofG8 / k|f\ufl/s skmL
pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf u|l] 8 Pj+ :t/ lgwf{/0f k|ljlw
cjnDag u/L lgof{t k|j4{g ul/g]5 .
*=@=!@=@ u'0f:t/Lo skmL dfuadf]lhdsf] kl/df0fdf lgof{t
ug{ ;xsf/Lsf] cjwf/0ffaf6 ;d"xut kdf
pTkfbg sfo{nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
@@@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*=@=!@=# s[ifsxnfO{ u'0f:t/Lo skmLsf] pTkfbgdf cfslif{t


ug{ pRr:t/sf] la?jf tyf cGo cfjZos Input
sf] ;xh kdf Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
*=@=!#= dx
*=@=!#=! dxsf] cGt/f{li6o ahf/df ljZj;gLotf sfod
ug{ cGt/f{li6o dfGotf k|fKt k/LIf0f k|of]uzfnfsf]
ljsf;af6 u' 0 f:t/ k| d f0fLs/0f ul/g] 5 .
*=@=!#=@ u'0f:t/ sfod ug{ df}/Lkfng / dx pTkfbgsf]
k| e fjsf/L lg/LIf0f tyf ;' k l/j] I f0fsf] sfo{
ul/g]5 .
*=@=!#=# g]kfnL ljz]iftfo'Qm dxsf] ljz]if u/L tf]/L /
;:o{s
" f] km"ndf cfwfl/t pTkfbgnfO{ k|fT] ;flxt ug]{
u/L dxsf] pTkfbgdf ljljwLs/0f ul/g]5 .
*=@=!#=$ dxsf] Kofs]lh k|0ffnLdf ;'wf/ ug]{ nufot
lgof{tof]Uo dx k|zf]wg ug]{ d]l;g pks/0fsf]
k}7f/LnfO{ s/ tyf eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6 lbg] Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
*=@=!#=% lgof{tof]Uo k|ffl/s dxsf] pTkfbgnfO{ k|fT] ;flxt
ug{ pko'Qm cfwf/lznfsf] :yfkgfsf nflu cfjZos
k"h
F L / k|ljlwsf] Joj:yf u/L pTkfbsnfO{ ;xof]u
k'ofOg]5 .
*=@=!#=^ dx cfoft ug]{ /fi6 klxrfg u/L k|j4{gfTds
pkfoxsf] cjnDag ul/g]5 .
*=@=!$= h'gf/
*=@=!$=! h'gf/ tyf ;f]df cfwfl/t pTkfbgxnfO{ lgof{tof]Uo
agfpg u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f, ;+j]i6g tyf e08f/0f
ljifodf cfjZos k"jf{wf/sf] Joj:yfsf ;fy}
s[ifsxsf] ;Lk ljsf;sf nflu tflnd k|bfg

ul/g]5 .
*=@=!$=@ lgof{tof]Uo h'gf/sf] ;+ji] 7gdf cfw'lgs k|ljlwsf] k|of]u
ug{sf ;fy} 9'jfgL nfutdf ;x'lnot k'ofOg]5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@@#

*=@=!$=# g]kfnL h'gf/nfO{ Jofkfl/s klxrfg lbg /fli6o:t/


lgwf{/0f tyf u|]l8 ug]{ kl/kf6L nfu" ul/g]5 .
*=@=!$=$ lgof{t ;DefJo d'ns
' klxrfg u/L ahf/ kx'r
F sf]
nflu k|of; ul/g]5 .
*=@=!$=% h'gf/ ;ng If]qdf k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf;sf ;fy}
s[ifsnfO{ ahf/ Joj:yf Pj+ laqmL k|j4{g ;DaGwdf
hfgsf/L u/fOg]5 .
*=@=!$=^ pGgt hftsf] h'gf/ pTkfbgsf nflu cfjZos
aLpljhg / k| l jlwsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
*=@=!%= t/sf/L
*=@=!%=! h}ljs tfhf / ;'Vvf (Organic, Fresh and
Dried) t/sf/Lsf] pTkfbg ug{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
*=@=!%=@ pTkflbt t/sf/Lsf] lgsf;L k|j4{g ug{ d'Vo eG;f/
gfsfxdf zLtu[x lgdf{0f ul/g]5 .
*=@=!%=# Cold Chain sfod u/L t/sf/Lsf] lgsf;Ldf
6]jf k'ofpg jL/u~hsf] ;'Svf aGb/ufxdf Refer
Container -jftfg'sl" nt sG6]g/_ sf] cfjthfjt
x'g] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
*=@=!%=$ t/sf/L pTkfbg x'g] If]qxsf] klxrfg u/L tL
If]qxnfO{ Organic Areas sf] kdf dfGotf
lbnfpg] Pj+ pTkflbt t/sf/Lxsf] k/LIf0f k|df0fkq
hf/L ug]{ ;+oGqsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
*=@=!%=% ljb]zsf cfoftstf{n] g]kfndf t/sf/L pTkfbg
u/L Supply Chain sf] dfWodaf6 lgsf;L ug]{
Joj:yfnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
(= vf/]hL M jfl0fHo gLlt, @)$( vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .

@@$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

hnjfo' kl/jt{g gLlt, @)^&

g]kfn ;/sf/ -d+=k=_ af6 :jLs[t ldltM @)^&.!).# -!& hgj/L @)!!_
! k[i7e"ld
hnjfo' kl/jt{g lgoldt k|fs[lts k|ls|of ePtfklg cf}Bf]lusLs/0f tyf
oftfoft If]qdf vlgh OGwgsf] Jofks k|of]u Pjd\ jg ljgfzsf] sf/0f
xl/tu[x UofF;sf] cTolws pT;h{gaf6 hnjfo' kl/jt{gdf tLj|tf cfPsf]
5 . j}1flgs cWoog tyf hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL cGt/;/sf/L d~r
-Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC_ sf]
k|ltj]bgaf6 hnjfo' kl/jt{gdf Jofkstf cfPsf] k'li6 ePkl5 ;+o'Qm
/fi6;+3sf] ;fwf/0f ;efn] hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] ljZjJofkL ;d:ofnfO{
;Daf]wg ug{ cGt/f{li6o sfg'gL ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ug{ cfXjfg uof] . ;f]
adf]lhd cGt/;/sf/L jftf{ ;ldltsf] kxndf ;g\ !((@ sf] d] dlxgfdf
hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6;+3Lo ;+/rgf dxf;lGw -United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change_ tof/
eof] . ;g\ !((@ sf] h'g dlxgfdf a|flhnsf] l/of] b h]g]l/of]df ;DkGg
jftfj/0f / ljsf; ;DaGwL ;+oQ' m /fi6;3+ Lo ;Dd]ngsf] ;dodf x:tfIf/
ug{sf] nflu of] dxf;lGw v'nf eof] . g]kfnn] !@ h'g !((@ sf lbg
o; dxf;lGwdf x:tfIf/ u/L] ;g\ !(($ b]lv g]kfn kIf ePsf] 5 .
;g\ @))& df cfO{=kL=;L=;L af6 k|sflzt rf}yf] d"Nof\sg k|ltj]bgn]
dfgjLo ls|ofsnfksf] sf/0f hnjfo' kl/jt{g tLj|ultdf eO/x]sf] tYo
k|i6 kf/]sf] 5 . xl/tu[x UofF;sf] pT;h{gdf j[l4 e}] jfo'd08n tflt+b}
hfgfn] :yfg ljz]if cg'?k hnjfo' klg kl/jt{g x'bF+ } uPsf] 5 . hnjfo'
kl/jt{gsf] sf/0f jiff{ k|s[of -cltj[li6, cgfj[li6, ;3g j[li6_ tyf
Ct'sfndf ;d]t kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5 . o;af6 hn;|f]t, s[lif, jg tyf
h}ljs ljljwtf, :jf:Yo, k|sf]k, k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, ko{6g tyf hLljsf]kfh{g;+u
;DalGwt ljleGg If]qdf k|ToIf tyf ck|ToIf k|efj k/]sf] 5 . o;nfO{
dWogh/ /fvL ;f] dxf;lGwsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogaf6 hnjfo'[ kl/jt{gsf]
sf/0f kl//x]sf] tyf kg{ ;Sg] k|lts"n k|efjnfO{ Go"g ug{ cfh ljZj
;d'bfo ls|ofzLn /x]sf] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@@%

hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf k|efj ljz]if u/]/ ul/a, ljsf;f]Gd'v, e"kl/j]li6t


tyf kj{tLo d'n'sx?df a9L b]lvPsf] 5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 g]kfn
klg cToGt} k|efljt ePsf]n] o;nfO{ ;Daf]wg u/L kxf8 / t/fO{ nufot
kj{tLo If]q, oxfFsf hgtf / ltgsf] hLljsf]kfh{g tyf kfl/l:ysLo
k|0ffnL -Osf]l;i6d_ df kl//x]sf] c;/ / kg{ ;Sg] k|efjnfO{ Go"g ug{
gLltut Joj:yf u/L sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug'{ cTofjZos ePsf] 5 .
@ ljutsf k|of;x?
dxf;lGwsf] kIf ePkl5 cg';"rL ! df gkg]{ -Non-Annex 1_ ;b:o
/fi6sf] x}l;otn] lj=;+= @)^! ;fn -;g\ @))$_ df g]kfnn] k|f/lDes
/fli6o ;~rf/ k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L dxf;lGwsf] ;lrjfno dfk{mt kIf
/fi6x?nfO{ hfgsf/L lbOPsf] lyof] . lj=;+= @)%# b]lv @)^# ;fnaLr
o; dxf;lGwnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ qmddf tTsfnLg hg;\Vof tyf
jftfj/0f dGqfno -xfn jftfj/0f dGqfno_ nfO{ dxf;lGwsf] s]Gb| ljGb'
-Focal Point_ tf]Sg] / Sof]6f] k|f]6f]sndf Joj:yf ePsf] :jR5 ljsf;
;+oGq -Clean Development Mechanism, CDM_ ;DaGwL cfof]hgfx?nfO{
k|j4{g ug{ jftfj/0f dGqfnonfO{ Designated National Authority
tf]Sg] tyf hgr]tgf clea[l4sf] nflu s]xL sfo{qmdx? sfof{Gjog ePsf]
b]lvG5 . o;}u/L lbuf] ljsf; Ph]08f, @)%( tyf ;x;|fAbL ljsf; nIo,
@)%* n] klg k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf hnjfo' kl/jt{gnfO{ ;Daf]wg
u/]sf 5g\ .
lj=;+= @)^# b]lv @)^^ ;fnaLr dxf;lGwsf] sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf
d'Votof -!_ l/of] dxf;lGwx? -hnjfo' kl/jt{g, d?e"lds/0f / h}ljs
ljljwtf_ sf] sfof{Gjogsf] nflu /fli6o Ifdtf :jMd"Nof\sg cfof]hgf
sfof{Gjog u/L Ifdtf clea[l4 ;DaGwL sfo{of]hgf tof/ ePsf], -@_
Sof]6f] k|f6] f]sndf Joj:yf ePsf] :jR5 ljsf; ;+oGq ;DaGwL cfof]hgfx?sf]
d"Nof\sg tyf :jLs[ltsf] sfo{ljlw lgwf{/0f ePsf], -#_ /fli6o cg'sn
" g
sfo{qmd -National Adaptation Programme of Action, NAPA_
cfof]hgf ;~rfng u/]sf], -$_ bf];|f] /fli6o ;~rf/sf] nflu j:t'l:ylt
cWoog u/L cfof]hgf z'? u/]sf], tyf -%_ hnjfo' kl/jt{g / jftfj/0f
;DaGwdf Ifdtf ljsf; cfof]hgf ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5\ . lj=;+= @)^^
;fndf sf]kg]x]ugdf ;DkGg hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL dxf;lGwsf] kIf
@@^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

/fi6x?sf] !%cf}+ ;Dd]ngsf] k"j{;GWofdf g]kfn ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\sf]


;u/dfyfsf] cfwf/ lzlj/ glhs} /x]sf] sfnfkTy/df ;DkGg P]ltxfl;s
j}7saf6 sfnfkTy/ 3f]if0ffkq hf/L ug'{sf] ;fy} sf7df08f}b]lv
sf]kgx]ug;Dd ljifos hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL If]qLo ;Dd]ng ;DkGg
eO{ hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL sfo{df ;xof]u h'6fpg !$ bft[ lgsfo
tyf ljsf;sf ;fem]bf/x?;+u ;dembf/Lkqdf ;d]t x:tfIf/ ePsf]
lyof] . o;} u/L sf]k !% df efu lngsf] nflu l:ylt kq ;d]t tof/
ePsf] lyof] . lj=;+= @)^^ ;fndf g} ;DdfggLo k|wfgdGqLHo"sf] cWoIftfdf
* hgf lj1 ;b:ox? ;d]t /xg] u/L @% ;b:oLo hnjfo' kl/jt{g
kl/ifb\sf] u7g ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L sf]k]gx]ug ;Dd]ngsf] ;dodf
;DdfggLo k|wfgdGqLHo"n] dxf;lGwsf] jftf{ tyf lg0f{on] hnjfo'
kl/jt{gaf6 kj{tLo If]qdf k/]sf] ulDe/ k|efjnfO{ d'Vo ;jfnsf] ?kdf
;Daf]wg ug'{ kg]{ tYodf hf]8 lbg' ePsf] lyof] . o;/L x]bf{ ;g\ @))(
df hnjfo' kl/jt{g /fli6o ljsf; Ph]08fsf] ?kdf cufl8 cfof] . ;fy}}
o; cjlwdf tof/ ePsf] g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# tyf lqjifL{o
cGtl/d of]hgf -@)^$^% @)^^^&_ n] klg jftfj/0f Joj:yfkg
tyf hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] ;jfnnfO{ k|ToIf jf k/f]If?kdf ;Daf]wg u/]sf
5g\ .
lj=;+= @)^^ ;fnsf] cGTolt/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] jftfj/0f dGqfnodf
hnjfo' kl/jt{g Joj:yfkg dxfzfvfsf] :yfkgf uof] . g]kfnsf] /fli6o
cg'sn
" g sfo{qmd k|ltj]bg dlGqkl/ifb\af6 cflZjg !@, @)^& df :jLs[t
ePsf] 5 . cg'sn
" gsf sfo{qmdx? sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg :yfgLo cg'sn
" g
sfo{of]hgf th'd
{ f x'b5
+} g\ . ;DdfggLo k|wfgdGqLHo"af6 hnjfo' kl/jt{g
;DaGwL sf]k]gx]ug ;Dd]ngdf JoQm ljrf/nfO{ sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg]
qmddf dfpG6]g PnfOG; Olgl;Pl6E;\ sf] yfngL e} lj1x?sf] cGt/f{li6o
k/fdz{ a}7s ;DkGg nufot ;DaWb k|ltj]bgx? tof/ ePsf 5g\ .
hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL sfo{x?nfO{ ;+of]hg ug{ Pj+ ;xof]ufTds
sfo{x?sf] ;~rfngfy{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf ljleGg dGqfno/lgsfox?, u}/
;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yf, k|fl1s ;+:yf, gLlh tyf bft[ ;+:yfx?sf] ;d]t
k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L ax'kIfLo ;/f]sf/fjfnfx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] hnjfo'
kl/jt{g ;DaGwL ;dGjo ;ldltsf] u7g ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L lqjifL{o
of]hgfdf cg'sn
" g sfo{qmdsf] sfof{Gjog tyf b]zsf] cfly{s tyf k"jf{wf/
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@@&

ljsf;nfO{ hnjfo' ;dfg'sl" nt jgfpFb} nUg] gLlt cg'?k /fli6o of]hgf


cfof]un] cf=j= @)^&^* af6 tt\ ;DaGwL sfo{ ;'? u/]sf] 5 . o;/L
hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] ;jfnnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;+:yfut, ;dGjofTds Pjd\
sfo{qmdut ls|ofsnfkx?n] xfnsf jif{x?df Jofkstf kfPsf 5g\ .
hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL sfo{x?sf] nflu cfly{s ;|ft] h'6fpg] k|of;x?
klg eO/x]sf 5g\ . o;sf] ;fy} gLlh If]q, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?
Pjd\ gful/s ;dfhaf6 klg hnjfo' kl/jt{g jf/] hgr]tgf clea[l4
ug]{, cg's"ngsf cEof;x? k|j4{g ug]{ / gjLs/0fLo pmhf{sf] k|of]u /
k|j4{g ug]{ sfo{x? eOcfPsf 5g\ .
# jt{dfg l:ylt
g]kfnsf] clwstd tfkqmd k|lt jif{ ;/b/ )=)^ l8u|L ;]lN;o;sf b/n]
a[l4 ePsf] b]lvG5 / lxdfnL If]qdf of] b/ a9L b]lvPsf] 5 . . ljZj
hg;\Vofsf] sl/j )=$ k|ltzt dflg; a;f]jf; ug]{ g]kfnn] ljZjsf]
s"n xl/tu[x UofF;sf] sl/j )=)@% k|ltzt dfq pT;h{g u/]tf klg
jfo'd08nLo tfkqmd a[l4sf\ sf/0f k|efljt x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . oxfF jflif{s
jiff{rqmdf x]/k]m/, nfdf] ;do ;Dd v8]/L kg]{ tyf tLa| jiff{ x'g] u/]sf]
5 . xfn lbg / /ft b'a} klxn]sf] eGbf j9L tftf e} /x]sf 5g\ cyf{t
708f lbg / /ftsf] ;\Vof sd x'b+ } uPsf] 5 . !)) ld=ld= jf ;f] eGbf
j9L kl/df0fdf kfgL kg]{ lbgx? cyf{t\ d';nwf/] jiff{ x'g] lbgsf] ;\Vof
a9\b}5 . kfgL kg]{ ;do / cjlwdf kl/jt{g eO/x]sf] 5 . tLa| ultdf
lxdung x'Fb} hfgfn] lxdgbLx? kftln+b} / 5f]l+b} uPsf] / lxdtfnsf]
cfsf/ a9\b} uPsf] 5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] sf/0f s[lif tyf vfBfGg,
hn;|ft] , jg h\un tyf h}ljs ljljwtf, :jf:Yo, ko{6g tyf k"jf{wf/df
k|lts"n k|efj kg{ yfn]sf] 5 . af9L, klx/f] tyf 89]nf]df tLj|tf cfPsf]
5 . oL sf/0faf6 g]kfndf cTolws dfqfdf wghgsf] Iflt x'g'sf] ;fy}
hLljsf]kfh{gdf c;/ kf/]sf] b]lvG5 .
xfn hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 nfvf}+ g]kfnLx? hf]lvddf k/]sf] cg'dfg ul/Psf]
5 . ;u/dfyf If]qdf /x]sf] lxd /]vf ljut sl/j ( bzssf] bf}/fgdf
##) lkm6 prfO{ ung -el6{sn n;\_ ePsf] 5. lxdungsf] sf/0f gofF
lxdtfnx? jGb} uPsf tyf g]kfnsf gbLdf ;g\ @)#) ;Dd s]xL] dfqfdf
kfgLsf] jxfj a9]tf klg o; ztfAbLsf] cGTodf 7"nf] kl/df0fdf 36\g]
@@*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] sf/0f l;lh{t ;d:ofx? 36\gs


' f]
;f a9\b} uPsf / o;sf] sf/s g]kfn gePtfklg cg'sn
" gsf sfo{qmdx?
sfof{Gjog ub}{ hfg' k/]sf] 5 . t;y{ g]kfnn] hnjfo' cg'sn
" gnfO{ /fli6o
Ph]08fsf] ?kdf cufl8 NofPsf] 5 / o;af6 l;h{gf x'g] hf]lvd Go"g
ug{ ljljw sfo{qmdx? sfof{Gjog ug{ xfnsf jif{x?df oy]i7 kxn
ul//x]sf] 5 .
$ ;d:of tyf r'gf}tL
$=!

;d:of
hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 kl//x]sf tyf kg{ ;Sg] k|efj ;DaGwL cWoog
g]kfndf cToGt} sd ePsf]n] s'g ef}uf]lns If]qdf, s] s'g k|sf/sf],
slt kl/df0fdf s'g If]q -;]S6/_ df k|efj k/]sf] 5 j}1flgs
d"Nof\sg ug{ cem} afFsL 5 . dfgjLo tyf cfly{s ;|ft] sf] Go"gtf
Pjd\ pko'Qm pks/0fsf] cefjn] hnjfo' k|f?kLs/0f -Climate
] nufotsf
Modeling_, lxdfnb]lv t/fO{ dw]z If]q;Ddsf hn;|ft
k|fs[lts ;|ft] df k/]sf] / kg{ ;Sg] k|efj Pjd\ cfly{s ls|ofsnfksf
cGo If]qdf k/]sf] k|efjsf] d"Nof\sg h:tf sfo{x? cfzfltt\
?kdf cufl8 a9\g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . lxdung tyf lxdtfnkm'6g]
eofjx l:yltsf] lj:t[t cWoog, ;j]I{ f0f, cg'udg x'g cem} afFsL
5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] sf/0f s[lif, hn;|f]t, jg tyf h}ljs
ljljwtf, hg:jf:Yo, ko{6g cflb If]qdf k/]sf] k|lts"n k|efjsf]
lj:t[t n]vfhf]vf x'g cem} afFsL 5 . o;}u/L hnjfo' kl/jt{g
tyf To;;+u ;Da4 k|efjx? x6fpg] jf 36fpg] Pjd\ cg'sn
" gsf
nflu pko'Qm k|ljlw ljsf; tyf hf]lvd Pjd\ k|sf]k;+u h'Wg]
k"jt{ of/Lsf sfo{qmdx? ;d]t ;~rfng x'g jfFsL 5g\ . ;dli6df,
hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL dxf;lGwsf] k|fjwfg / kIf /fi6x?sf]
;Dd]ngn] u/]sf lg0f{ox? nufot cg's"ng, k|efj Go"gLs/0f,
cfly{s ;|f]t, k|ljlw ljsf; Pjd\ x:tfGt/0f, Ifdtf clea[l4,
hnjfo' ;dfg'sn
" g h:tf cjojx?nfO{ ;d]6L hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf
k|efjnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{] k|efjsf/L vfsf lgdf{0f x'g g;Sg' cfhsf]
k|d'v ;d:of /x]sf] 5 . ljZjJofkL d'Vo ;jfnsf] ?kdf /x]sf]
hnjfo' kl/jt{gnfO{ lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] sf]0faf6 x]g{ ;Sg] Ifdtf
ePsf] lgsfosf] klg cefj 5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@@(

$=@ r'gf}lt

@#)

-s_

hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL lj1fg, o;af6 ljleGg ef}uf]lns


Pjd\ ;fdflhscfly{s ljsf;sf If]qx?df kl//x]sf] c;/
tyf kg{ ;Sg] k|efjsf jf/]df hnjfo' k|f?kLs/0fsf] ;d]t
k|of]u u/L 1fg, j}1flgs tYof\s, ;"rgf / hfgsf/Lsf]
cefjn] ;fdflhscfly{s ljsf;sf If]qnfO{ hnjfo'
;dfg's"ng agfpg] /fli6o k|of; r'gf}ltk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 .

-v_

hnjfo' kl/jt{gn] kl//x]sf] / kg{ ;Sg] k|efjsf] d"Nof\sg


ug',{ hf]lvd If]qx? klxrfg u/L hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 kg]{
k|lts"n k|efjnfO{ ;xh ?kdf cg's"ng ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf
clej[l4 ug'{ tyf xl/tu[x UofF; pT;h{g Go"gLs/0f ug]{
;+oGq ljsf; ug'{ klg r'gf}ltsf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5 .

-u_

hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] k|efjnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ qmddf /fli6o


tyf cGt/f{li6o If]qdf k|fKt k|fljlws tyf cfly{s cj;/sf]
g]kfnn] clwstd kmfObf lng] kl/l:yltsf] l;h{gf ug'[{
k/]sf] 5 .

-3_

;fdflhscfly{s ljsf;nfO{ hnjfo'd}qL jgfpg Pjd\


gLlt, sfg"g, of]hgf tyf ljsf; sfo{qmdx?df hnjfo'
kl/jt{gsf] kIfnfO{ PsLs[t u/L sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg'
TolQs} cfjZos 5 .

-_

hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 pkNnf] / tNnf]t6Lo e"efudf k/]sf]


/ kg{ ;Sg] k|lts"n k|efjnfO{ :yflkt u/L If]qLo ;xof]u
k|j4{g ug'{ k/]sf] 5 .

-r_

;x;|fJbL ljsf; nIo k|fKt ug'{ nufot kj{tLo jftfj/0f,


hgtf / hLljsf]kfh{g tyf kof{j/0fLo k|0ffnLdf hnjfo'
kl/jt{gsf] k|efj x6fpg] jf 36fpg] sfo{ u/L hnjfo'sf]
cjZo+ e fjL kl/jt{ g af6 kmfobf lng' k/] s f] 5 .

-5_

ljsf; lgdf{0fdf ;+nUg ;fj{hlgs lgsfo, of]hgfsf/ tyf


k|fljlw1x? nufot lghL tyf u}/ ;/sf/L ;+3;+:yf Pjd\
gful/s ;dfhsf] k|efjsf/L 9\un] Ifdtf clea[l4 ug'{
cfjZos 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

-h_

hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] ;jfnnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;Ifd ;+:yfut


;+/rgfsf] ljsf; Pjd\ cfjZos cfly{s tyf dfgljo
;| f ] t sf kIfx?nfO{ ;d] t Wofg lbg' k/] s f] 5 .

% gofF gLltsf] cfjZostf


dfly plNnlvt ;d:of tyf r'gf}ltsf] ;fdgf ug{ xfn rflnPsf
k|of;x?nfO{ ;kmn kfg{ / hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL dxf;lGwaf6 clwstd\
nfe lng lgDg kIfx?nfO{ ;d]6L gLlt th'{df ug'{ cfhsf] cfjZostf
/x]sf] 5 .
-s_ ;+:yfut Joj:yfaf6 Ifdtf clea[l4, k|ljlw ljsf; tyf pkof]u,
cfly{s ;|f]tsf] k|jfx Pjd\ xl/tu[x UofF;sf] dfkg nufot
tYof\s tyf ;"rgfhfgsf/L cWofjlws ub}{ kIf /fi6x?nfO{
hfgsf/L lbg .
-v_ hnjfo' cg's"ng, Go"gLs/0f tyf sfj{g ;+lrtLs/0fnfO{ a9fjf
lbg, Ifdtf clea[l4, cfly{s ;|f]t h'6fpg tyf ;f]df kx"Fr
k'ofpg Pjd\ k|ljlw ljsf; / x:tfGt/0f nufot sfo{qmd th'd{ f,
sfof{Gjog, d"Nof\sg tyf cg'udg sfo{x? lj:tf/ ug{ .
-u_

/fli6o cg'sn
" g sfo{qmdnfO{ ljsf; Ph]08fsf] ?kdf sfof{Gjogdf
Nofpg / hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL ;j} k|sf/sf :ynut sfo{qmdx?
sfof{Gjog ubf{ s"n jh]6sf] Go"gtd *) k|ltzt eGbf a9L
/sd :yfgLo :t/df k'ofpg .

-3_

;fdflhs tyf cfly{s ljsf;sf nflu k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkgnfO{


hnjfo'd}qL Pjd\ k"jf{wf/ ljsf;nfO{ hnjfo' ;dfg's"ng jgfpg .

-_

;j{kIfLo ;xeflutf dfkm{t hgr]tgf clea[l4 tyf Ifdtf ljsf;


nufot jftf{ Ifdtf k|j4{g ug{ .

-r_ :jR5 tyf gjLs/0fLo pmhf{sf] ljsf;, sfj{g Aofkf/ tyf hnjfo'
kl/jt{g Go"gLs/0f ;DaGwL ;+oGqx?af6 yk k|fljlws Pjd\
cfly{s ;|ft] h'6fpg . ctM hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 pknAw cj;/sf]
pkof]u u/L ul/jL Go"gLs/0f tyf lbuf] ljsf;sf] nIo k"/f ug{
/fli6o gLlt th'd
{ f u/L sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg' cTofjZos ePsf]
5.
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@#!

%=!

b"/ b[li6 -Vision_


hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] k|lts"n k|efjaf6 jRg / jrfpg, dfgj
ljsf; / ;d[l4 sfod ub}{, hnjfo' GofonfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{,
kof{j/0fLo / lbuf] ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ cjnDag u/L ;d'Ggt
;dfhtkm{ cu|;/ x'g of]ubfg k'ofpFg' o; gLltsf] b"/b[li6
/x]sf] 5 .

%=@ kl/b[Zo -Mission_


hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf k|lts"n k|efjx?nfO{ Go"g ug]{ / o;af6
l;lh{t cj;/x?sf] pkof]u ub}{ hnjfo'd}qL ef}lts, ;fdflhs
Pjd\ cfly{s ljsf; u/L hLljsf]kfh{gsf cj;/x?sf] clea[l4
ug'{ o; gLltsf] kl/b[Zo /x]sf] 5 .
^ nIo -Goal_
hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] k|lts"n k|efj Go"gLs/0f ub}{, hnjfo' cg's"lnt x'Fb},
Go"g sfj{gpGd'v ;fdflhscfly{s ljsf; kynfO{ cjnDag ub}{ hnjfo'
kl/jt{g ;DaGwL /fli6o tyf cGt/f{li6o ;+oGqdf ePsf] k|ltj4tf cg'?k
;xof]u tyf ;xsfo{sf] k|j4{g u/L hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg' o; gLltsf]
k|d'v nIo /x]sf] 5 . o; gLltsf] d'Vo nIox?x? lgDg adf]lhd 5g\ .
^=!

hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL cWoog, cg';Gwfg / cg'udg ug{ /


g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ lgoldt gLltut Pjd\ ljifout If]qdf k|fljlws
;xof]u k|bfg ug{ Ps jif{ leq hnjfo' kl/jt{g s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf
ug]{ .

^=@ lj=;+= @)^* leq cfly{s ;|ft] h'6fO{ /fli6o cg'sn


" g sfo{qmddf
plNnlvt :yfgLo:t/ ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t cg's"ngsf sfo{x?
sfof{Gjogsf] z'?jft ug]{ .
^=#

:jR5 ljsf; ;+oGqaf6 nfe lng :jRr pmhf{ ljsf;df 6]jf


k'ofpg] / lj=;+= @)^* leq sfj{g Jofkf/ ;DaGwL /fli6o
/0fgLlt tof/ ug]{ .

^=$ ;fdflhscfly{s ljsf;nfO{ hnjfo' ;dfg's"ng jgfpg] tyf


Go"g sfj{g cfly{s ljsf; /0fgLlt lj=;+= @)&) leq th'd
{ f u/L
qmdzM nfu" ug]{ .
@#@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

^=% ef}uf]lns tyf ljsf;sf If]qx?df hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 k/]sf


/ kg{ ;Sg] k|efj nufot o;af6 ePsf] nfe / xfgLsf] cfly{s
d"Nof\sg lj=;+= @)^( leq ;DkGg ug]{ .
^=^

k|ljlwsf] ljsf; tyf x:tfGt/0f, hgr]gtf Pjd\ Ifdtf clea[l4


tyf cfly{s ;|f]tdf kx"Fr k'ofO{ hnjfo' cg's"ng k|j4{g tyf
k|lts"n k|efjx? Go"gLs/0fsf pkfox? k|efjsf/L ?kdf cjnDag
ub}{ hfg] .

^=& hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 hf]lvddf /x]sf lxdfn, kxf8, r'/] / t/fO{


If]q, k|fs[lts ;Dkbf, tyf hLljsf]kfh{gdf k/]sf] k|lts"n k|efj
sd u/fpg lj=;+= @)&& leq e/kbf]{ k|efj k"jf{g'dfg k|0ffnL
ljsf; ug]{ .
& p2]Zo
o; gLltsf] d'Votyf lgDg p2]Zox? /x]sf 5g\M
&=!

hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL ;jfnnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ Ps ;Ifd


Pjd\ k| e fjsf/L k| f ljlws ;+ : yfsf] :yfkgf ub} { ljBdfg
;+:yflgsfox?nfO{ ;d]t ;'b[9 Pjd\ ;Ifd jgfpFb} nUg] .

&=@ hnjfo' cg's"ng ;DaGwL sfo{qmdx?sf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ tyf


k|lts"n k|efjsf] Go"gLs/0f ub}{ ;sf/fTds k|efjaf6 clwstd
kmfObf lng] .
&=#

:jR5 pmhf{ h:t} hnljB't, k'gg{jLs/0fLo tyf j}slNks phf{sf]


k|of]u a9fpg] tyf pmhf{ bIftf clej[l4 Pjd\ xl/t k|ljlwsf]
k|of]unfO{ k|f]T;fxg ub}{ xl/tu[x Uof;sf] pT;h{g Go"g ug]{.

&=$ k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgsf] dxQd -optimum_ pkof]u Pjd\ ;f]


sf] s'zn Joj:yfkgsf nflu :yfgLo ;d'bfosf] hnjfo' cg'sn
" g
Pjd\ ;dfg's"ng Ifdtf clea[l4 ug]{ .
&=% ;fdflhscfly{s ljsf;nfO{ hnjfo' kl/jt{gd}qL tyf ;dfg'sn
" g
jgfpF b } Go" g sfj{ g ljsf; kynfO{ cjnDag ug] { .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@##

&=^

hnjfo' kl/jt{gn] kf/]sf] tyf kfg{ ;Sg] k|efjx?sf] klxrfg,


k|efjx?sf] kl/df0ffTds ls6fg tyf ;Defljt hf]lvdaf6 ;'/lIft
/xg cg's"ngsf pkfox? cjnDag u/L hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf
b"ikl/0ffdaf6 aRg] Ifdtf ljsf; ug]{ .

&=& hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL dxf;lGw, cle;lGw tyf ;Demf}tfx?af6


k|fKt cj;/x?sf] clwstd pkof]u u/L hLjg:t/df ;'wf/
Nofpg] .
* gLltx?
dflysf p2]Zox? k|flKtsf nflu lgDg gLltx? cjnDjg ul/g]5g\M
*=! hnjfo' cg's"ng, k|sf]k Pjd\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f
*=!=! hnjfo' kl/jt{ g af6 k| e fljt hgtf, ;d' b fo tyf
hnjfo'pTkGg Pjd\ ;Defljt k|sf]k If]qx?df /fli6o
cg'sn
" g sfo{qmdn] lglb{i6 u/]sf] tTsfnLg k|fyldstfx?sf]
;fy} dWosfnLg tyf bL3{sfnLg cg's"ngsf sfo{x?sf]
klxrfg u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{, u/fpg] .
*=!=@ hnjfo' cg's"ngnfO{ oyf;Dej ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s
ljsf; Pjd\ cfocfh{gsf lqmofsnfkx?;+u cfj4 u/L
sfof{Gjog ug]{, u/fpg] .
*=!=# lxdgbL tyf lxdtfnx?sf] cBfjlws l:ylt cWoog u/L
hf]lvdk"0f{ lxdtfnx?df k|fyldstfsf] cfwf/df k|lts"n
k|efj Go"gLs/0fsf pkfox?sf] cjnDag ug]{, u/fpg] .
*=!=$ hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 l;lh{t hnpTkGg k|sf]k Pjd\
hf]lvdsf] k"jf{g'dfg ub}{ k"j{ ;"rgf lbg tyf /f]syfdsf
pkfox?sf] cjnDag ug{ cfjZos ;+oGqsf] ljsf; tyf
sfof{Gjog u/L ltgsf]] lgoldt lg/LIf0f tyf sfo{ Ifdtf
;'b[9 ug]{ .
*=!=% hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 k|efljt hgtf, ;d'bfo Pjd\ hf]lvd
If]qx?sf] klxrfg u/L :yfgLo 1fg, l;k tyf k|ljlw
cg'?k cg's"ng tyf k|lts"n k|efjsf] Go"gLs/0fsf
pkfox?sf] cjnDag ug]{, u/fpg] .
@#$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*=!=^ hnjfo' kl/jt{g, d?e"lds/0f / h}ljs ljljwtf ;DaGwL


dxf;lGwx?sf] p2]Zo tyf k|fjwfgx?nfO{ Wofgdf /fvL
PsLs[t sfo{qmdsf] th'{df tyf sfof{Gjog ug]{, u/fpg] .
*=!=& hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 l;lh{t /f]ujfxs sL6f0f' tyf ;+qmfds
/f]usf] dxfdf/L k}mlng glbg k"jf{g'dfg tyf /f]syfdsf]
cfjZos ;+oGqsf] ljsf; ug]{, u/fpg] .
*=!=* hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] sf/0f cGt/f{li6o ;Ldf jf/-kf/df
k/]sf c;/ / kg{ ;Sg] k|efjaf6 l;lh{t hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f
ug{ tyf cg's"lnt x'g lkIfLo tyf ax'kIfLo ;xof]usf]
ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ug]{ .
*=@ Go"g sfa{g ljsf; tyf hnjfo' ;dfg's"ng -Resilience_
*=@=! lbuf] ;fdflhscfly{s a[l4sf nflu { Go"g sfj{g pT;{hg
tyf hnjfo' ;dfg's"ng ljsf; ky cjnDjg ug{] .
*=@=@ ;fdflhscfly{s ljsf;nfO{ hnjfo'd}qL Pjd\ ;dfg'sn
" g
jgfpg cfjZos /0fgLlt, lgb]{lzsf tyf sfo{ljlwsf]
th'{df tyf sfof{Gjog ug]{, u/fpg] .
*=@=# jg If]qsf] j}1flgs Joj:yfkg, e"pkof]u of]hgfsf] th'd{ f
tyf sfof{Gjog Pjd\ jg ljgfz /f]Sb} sfa{g ;+lrtLs/0f
- Carbon Sink _ sf] bfo/f km/flsnf] jgfpg] .
*=@=$ xl/tu[x UofF;sf] pT;h{g Go"g ug{ ljBdfg :jR5 tyf
gjLs/0fLo Pjd\ j}slNks pmhf{sf If]qdf pko'Qm k|ljlwsf]
yk ljsf; / pkof]u u/L hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 l;lh{t
k|lts"n k|efjnfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug{ of]hgf th'{df tyf
sfof{Gjog ug]{ .
*=@=% jfo'd08nLo tfkqmd a[l4 ug]{ vfnsf jfo' k|b"ifssf]
pT;h{g ;|f]tdf g} Go"g ug{ pko'Qm k|ljlwsf] ljsf;,
x:tfGt/0f / pkof]udf ;x'lnot lbg] .
*=@=^ pmhf{ bIftf clea[l4 ug{ x/]s @ jif{df pBf]un] pmhf{
cl86 u/L hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] lgsfodf
k]z ug]{ .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@#%

*=@=& ljB'tLo pmhf{df cfwfl/t oftfoft -ljB'tLo /]n, /Hh'dfu{,


s]ansf/ cflb_ tyf pBf]usf] ljsf; / k|j{4g ug]{ .
*=@=* k'n' , afFw, gbL lgoGq0f cflb ;+/rgf tyf k"jf{wf/x?sf] lgdf{0f
ubf{ :j?ku'0f:t/ -Design Standard_ nfO{ hnjfo'
;dfg' s " n g x' g ] u/L th' { d f tyf sfof{ G jog ug{ ] .
*=@=( Go"g sfj{g pT;h{g ;DaGwL sfo{nfO{ cfly{s tyf k|fljlws
;x'lnot k|bfg u/L k|f]T;fxg ug]{ .
*=# cfly{s ;|f]tdf kx"Fr Pjd\ pkof]u
*=#=!\ hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf ;jfnnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;fj{hlgs
tyf lghL, cfGtl/s Pjd\ jfXo cfly{s ;|ft] h'6fO{ hnjfo'
kl/jt{g sf]ifsf] :yfkgf ug]{ .
*=#=@ :jR5 ljsf; ;+oGqsf] k|j4{gdfkm{t sfj{g Jofkf/nfO{
k|f]T;fxg u/L cfly{s ;|f]t h'6fpg] .
*=#=# k|b"ifsn] ltg]{ -Polluter Pays_ l;4fGt, tyf ;Mz'Ns
kof{j/0f ;]jf -Payment for Environmental Services_
sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ sfof{Gjog u/L cfly{s ;|f]t h'6fpg] .
*=#=$ hnjfo' kl/jt{g sf]if tyf hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL
sfo{x?sf] nflu ljBdfg tyf efjL cGt/f{li6o Pjd\ lkIfLo
;xof]uaf6 k|fKt x'g] cfly{s ;|f]t Joj:yfkg ug]{ .
*=#=% hnjfo' kl/jt{g tyf o;sf k|lts"n k|efj Go"gLs/0f
;+oGqaf6 k|fKt x'g] kmfObfx? ul/aL Go"gLs/0f tyf lbuf]
ljsf;sf] nflu pkof]u ug]{ .
*=#=^ /fli6o tyf cGt/f{li6o txaf6 h'6fOPsf] cfly{s ;|ft] nfO{
hnjfo' cg's"ng, k|lts"n k|efj Go"gLs/0f tyf Go"g
sfj{g ljsf; sfo{x? nufot hn pTkGg tyf cGo
k|sf]kx? h:t} af9L, klx/f], v8]/L cflbaf6 kLl8tnfO{
/fxtsf nflu vfB, :jf:Yo tyf hLjgfwf/ ;'/Iffsf] nflu
pkof]u ug]{ .
@#^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*=#=& hnjfo' kl/jt{g sf]ifsf] a[l4 -replenish_ ug{ tyf


;b'kof]usf] nflu cfjZos /0fgLlt, lgb]{lzsf tyf
sfo{ljlwx?sf] th'{df tyf sfof{Gjog ug]{, u/fpg] .
*=#=* hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf nflu h'6fOPsf] s"n ah]6sf] slDtdf
*) k|ltzt /sd :ynut sfo{df ljlgof]hg ug]{ .
*=#=( hnjfo' cg'sn
" g, ;dfg'sn
" g Pjd\ cGo hnjfo' kl/jt{g
;DaGwL sfo{qmdx?sf] nflu cfly{s ;xof]u h'6fpg] tyf
kx"FrnfO{ ;/n jgfpg] .
*=$ Ifdtf clea[l4, hg;xeflutf tyf ;zQmLs/0f
*=$=! :yfgLo txb]lv gLlt lgdf{0f tx;Dd hnjfo' cg's"ng,
k|efj Go"gLs/0f, xl/tu[x UofF;sf] Go"g pT;h{g ljsf;
ky, k|ljlw ljsf; tyf x:tfGt/0f, sfj{g Jofkf/ nufotsf
ljifox?df ;"rgfhfgsf/L cWofjlws ub}{ Ifdtf clej[l4
ug{] .
*=$=@ hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL sfo{df ul/a, blnt, ;LdfGts[t
hghflt, cflbjf;L, dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf o'jfsf]]
;xeflutf ;'lglZrt u/L hnjfo' cg's"ng ;DaGwL
sfo{x?sf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ .
*=$=# :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 u/fpFb} :yfgLo :t/sf
hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL sfo{x? :yflgo lgsfox?af6}
;~rfng ug]{, u/fpg] .
*=$=$ hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf sf/0f vfBfGg, k|hflt, kof{j/0fLo
k|0ffnL tyf :jf:Yodf kg]{ ;Defljt vt/fx?af6 aRg
k|lt/f]wfTds Ifdtf j[l4 ug]{, u/fpg] .
*=$=%

hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwdf ljleGg nlIft ;d"xsf] nflu


tYof, ;"rgf, l;sfO tyf sfo{;kmntf cflb /x]sf
1fgd"ns ;fdfu|Lx? tof/ u/L k|sfzg tyf ljt/0f
ug]{ .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@#&

*=$=^

;~rf/ dfWodsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ub}{ hnjfo' kl/jt{g


;DaGwL ;" r gf k| j fx ;' l glZrt ug] { , u/fpg] .

*=$=&

;j{;fwf/0f hgtfnfO{ hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf ljljw kIfdf


;';"lrt ug{ tyf Ifdtf clea[l4sf] nflu hgr]tgf,
tflnd tyf ;zQmLs/0f sfo{df :yfgLo lgsfox?,
ljifo lj1tfsf] cfwf/df :yflkt dxf;+3 nufot cGo
u} / ;/sf/L ;+ 3 ;+ : yfx? Pjd\ gful/s ;dfhsf]
;xeflutfnfO{ a9fjf lbg] .

*=$=*

hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf nflu pknAw k|fljlws tyf cfly{s


;|f]tdf kx"Fr a9fpg bIf hgzlQmsf] ljsf; tyf
kl/rfng ug{] .

*=$=(

hnjfo' kl/jt{gnfO{ cf}krfl/s tyf cgf}krfl/s lzIff


nufot b"/ lzIff Pjd\ v'Nnf l;sfO{ sfo{qmddf ;dfj]z
ub} { lzIfs tflnd ;fdu| L df ;' w f/ ug] { .

*=$=!) hnjfo' cg's"ng tyf Go"gLs/0f ;DaGwL k/Dk/fut


tyf :yfgLo 1fg, ;Lk, cEof; tyf k|ljlw ;DaGwL
;fdu|L ;\sng, k|sfzg, k|;f/ tyf pkof]u ug{],
u/fpg] .
*=$=!! hnjfo' kl/jt{gdf pNn]vgLo sfo{ ug]{ ;+:yf jf
JolQmnfO{ ;Ddfg ug{ /fli6o hnjfo' kl/jt{g k'/:sf/sf]
:yfkgf u/L jflif{s ?kdf k'/:s[t ug]{ .
*=% cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg
*=%=! hnjfo' kl/jt{g / o;af6 k/]sf] k|efjsf jf/]df cWoog
cg';Gwfg u/L k|lts"n k|efj x6fpg jf 36fpg tyf
cg's"n k|efjaf6 nfe lng] pkfox?sf] sfof{Gjogdf
Jofkstf Nofpg] .
*=%=@ If]qut tyf ljifout 1fg ;+lrt ug{ Pjd\ cg';Gwfgaf6
k|fKt tYof\sx? tyf k|ltj]bgx? e08f/0f ug{ cTofw'lgs
tYof\s sf]if -Databank_ sf] :yfkgf u/L cBfjlws
ub}{ nUg] .
@#*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*=%=# If]qLo hnjfo' k|f?k (Regional Climate Model) nufot


cGo ljleGg k|f?kx? tof/ kf/L cWoog tyf cg';Gwfgdf
k|of]u ug]{ .
*=%=$ hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] k|efjaf6 x'g] hf]lvdsf] lgoldt
cWoog, cg';Gwfg tyf cg'udg ug]{ .
*=%=% cWoog cg';Gwfgaf6 k|fKt glthfnfO{ gLlt, /0fgLlt
tyf sfo{qmd th'{df Pjd\ sfof{Gjogdf k|of]u ug]{ .
*=%=^ h}ljs OGwg (Bio-fuel) jf/] cg';Gwfg ub}{ vfB ;'/IffnfO{
k|lts"n k|efj gkg]{ u/L ;f] sf] k|j4{g tyf k|of]u ug{
k|f]T;fxg ug]{ .
*=%=& hnjfo' kl/jt{gn] kfg]{ jf kf/]sf ef}uf]lns tyf ljifout
hf]lvd If]qx?sf] klxrfg tyf k|efjsf] ;xeflutfTds
cWoog Pjd\ k|efj Go"gLs/0f pkfox?sf] vf]hL ug]{ .
*=%=* hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] k|s[of tyf k|efjx?sf] klxrfgdf
b]zsf] ;Dk"0f{ e"efusf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L hnjfo'
cjnf]sg s]Gb|sf] ;+hfn lj:tf/ / tfTsflns tYof\s
k|fKt ug]{ k|0ffnL -real time data acquisition_ sf]
ljsf; u/L k|fKt tYof\ssf] ljZn]if0f ug]{, u/fpg] .
*=^ k|ljlw ljsf;, x:tfGt/0f tyf pkof]u
*=^=! hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] k|lts"n k|efj Go"g ug{ pko'Qm
k|ljlwsf] klxrfg tyf ljsf; ug{] .
*=^=@ hnjfo'd}qL k/Dk/fut :yfgLo k|ljlw Pjd\ df}lns l;k
tyf 1fgsf] ] klxrfg / pkof]usf] clen]v tof/ kf/L
k| l jlwdf cfjZos ;' w f/ u/L Jojxf/df Nofpg] .
*=^=# hn pknAwtf x]/L jf9Ll;+rfO{ h:tf k4ltsf] ljsNkdf
kfgL lskmfot x'g] cfw'lgs k|ljlwsf] ljsf; ug]{ .
*=^=$ xl/tu[x UofF;sf] pT;h{g Go"g ug{] :jR5 tyf xl/t pmhf{
bIftf k|ljlwsf] ljsf; tyf ltgsf] lbuf] k|of]unfO{ a9fjf
lbg] .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@#(

*=^=% ldy]g sd pT;h{g ug]{ s[lif k|ljlwsf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/


ug]{ .
*=^=^ hnjfo'd}qL k|ljlwsf] k|flKt, x:tfGt/0f tyf lbuf] pkof]udf
hf]8 lbg] tyf ltgsf] pkof]usf] nflu Ifdtf clea[l4 ug]{ .
*=^=& v8]/L tyf 8'afg -yf]/} / a9L kfgL_ sf] ef/ ;xg ;Sg] s[lif
k|hfltsf] klxrfg tyf ljsf; u/L k|of]udf Nofpg] .
*=^=* hnjfo' ;dfg'sn
" g ljsf; k"jf{wf/ Pjd\ ;+/rgf lgdf{0fsf
nflu cfjZos cg';Gwfg dfkm{t k|ljlw ljsf; u/L ;f]
sf] pkof]u ug]{ .
*=& hnjfo'd}qL k|fs[lts ;|f]t Joj:yfkg
*=&=! j}1flgs e"pkof]u k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; u/L nfu" ug]{ .
*=&=@ hLljsf]kfh{gsf j}slNks pkfox? l;h{gf ug{ jg ;Dkbfsf]
plrt ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g tyf ljsf; ug]{ .
*=&=# hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] k|efj ;Daf]wg x'g] k|sf/n] lbuf] jg
Joj:yfkg, s[lifjg, r/g If]q tyf e";+/If0f ;DaGwL
sfo{qmdx? k|fyldstfsf ;fy nfu" ug]{ .
*=&=$ :jR5 pmhf{ ;|f]tsf ?kdf /x]sf] hn ljB't\ pTkfbgdf
k|fyldstfsf ;fy /fli6o, If]qLo tyf cGt/f{li6o nufgL
k|f]T;flxt ug]{ .
*=&=% df6f] / kfgLsf] ;+/If0f ug{sf] nflu d'xfg ;+/If0f, jiff{kfgL
;\sng Pjd\ kof{j/0fLo ;/;kmfO h:tf pkfox?
cjnDag ug]{ .
*=&=^ sfj{g ;+lrtLs/0f -Carbon Sequestration_ nfO{
k|fT] ;fxg ug{] / jg k}bfjf/sf] k|of]uaf6 k|fKt nfesf] s]xL
c+z jg 89]nf] lgoGq0f Pjd\ ;j} k|sf/sf jgsf] ;+/If0fdf
nufgL ug]{ .
*=&=& jg If]qsf] IfoLs/0f tyf jg ljgfz /f]sL xl/tu[x UofF;
pT;h{g Go"gLs/0f ug]{ tyf /]8 -REDD, Reducing
Emissions from Deforestation and Forest

@$)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

Degradation_ nufot cGt/f{li6o, If]qLo tyf :yfgLo

;|f]tx?af6 cTolws kmfObf k|fKt ug]{ ;+oGqsf] ljsf; ug]{ .


*=&=* hn;|f]tsf] ptf/r9fjsf] lgoldt cg'udg ub}{ kfgLsf]
Joj:yfkgdf j]l;g Pk|f]r -Basin Approach_ ckgfpg] .
( /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLlt
Dffly plNnlvt gLltsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf] nflu lgDg /0fgLlt tyf
sfo{gLlt /x]sf 5g\ .
(=! dfgj ;+;fwgsf] ljsf; ub}{ hnjfo' kl/jt{gd}qL k|ljlw Pj+
pkfox?sf] ljsf;, k| j { 4 g tyf sfof{ G jog ug] { .
(=@ /fli6o tyf :yfgLo ;/sf/, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+3;+:yf tyf lghL
If]qsf] ;+nUgtfdf ;fj{hlgslghL ;fem]bf/L ;'lglZrt ub}{
hnjfo' cg's"ng tyf xl/tu[x UofF;sf] pT;h{g Go"lgs/0f
;DaGwL sfo{ o f] h gfsf] th' { d f / sfof{ G jog ug] { .
(=# jfo' k|bi" f0f ;DaGwL ljBdfg dfkb08x?sf] sfof{Gjog ug],{ u/fpg]
tyf Go"g sfj{g tyf hnjfo' ;dfg'sn
" g ljsf;sf] nflu pkof]uL
x'g] gofF dfkb08sf] ljsf; u/L nfu" ug]{ .
(=$ hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] sf/0f hf]lvddf k/]sf If]q -klx/f] tyf o:sf]
;+efljt If]q, gbL/vf]nfsf] lsgf/fsf] af9L u|l;t If]q cflbdf_
a:tL ljsf; x'g glbg] .
(=% hnjfo' cg's"ng tyf xl/tu[x UofF;sf] pT;h{g Go"gLs/0f,
Ifdtf clea[l4, k|ljlw ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ;DaGwL sfo{qmdsf]
th'd
{ f tyf sfof{Gjogdf ;/sf/L, cw{;/sf/L, u}/ ;/sf/L tyf
pkef] Q mf ;d" x x?sf] ;xeflutfdf ljz] i f hf] 8 lbg] .
(=^ kmf]x/d}nfnfO{ ;|f]tsf] ?kdf Joj:yfkg ug]{ .
(=& k|sf]k tyf dxfdf/L;Fu h'Wg k"j{tof/Lsf sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf
hf]8 lbg] .
(=* hgr]tgf tyf Ifdtf clea[l4sf sfo{qmdx? lgoldt ?kdf
;~rfng ug{ hf]8 lbg] .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@$!

(=( If]qLo hnjfo' k|f?k (Regional Climate Model) x?nfO{


;d]t Wofg lbO{ g]kfnsf] nflu pko'Qm x'g] k|f?k (Model) sf]
ljsf;dfkm{t\ k"jf{gd
' fg -Future projection_ u/L ;dofg'sn
"
kl/dfh{g ub}{ n}hfg] Joj:yf ug]{ .
(=!) hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 k|efljt s[lif tyf k|sf]k ljdfsf] Joj:yf
ug]{ .
(=!! :jR5 ljsf; ;+oGqaf6 nfe lng lghL If]qsf] Ifdtf ljsf;
tyf k|j4{g ug{ k|f]T;flxt ub}{ nUg] .
(=!@ afFemf] 5f8]sf] lghL, klt{, af9L klx/f]u|:t, le/fnf] hldgdf
ax' n febfos ?v k| h fltsf] j[ I ff/f] k 0f tyf k| j 4{ g ug] { .
(=!# sfa{g ;+lrtLs/0fdf ;+nUg ;d'bfosf] nflu cfly{s tyf k|fljlws
;xhLs/0f ;]jf k|bfg u/L clwstd kmfObf x'g] cj:yf ;[hgf
ug]{ .
(=!$ hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL sfo{qmdx?sf] nflu k|fKt s'n ah]6sf]
sDtLdf *) k|ltzt /sd :yfgLo:t/sf sfo{df k|jfx ub}{ nUg] .
!)= ;+:yfut ;+/rgf
!)=! hnjfo' kl/jt{ g ;DaGwdf ljBdfg lgsfox?nfO{ ;' b [ 9
jgfpg] .
!)=@ hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ lqmofsnfkx?sf] gLltut ;dGjo
hnjfo' kl/jt{g kl/ifb\n] / sfo{ut ;dGjo jftfj/0f dGqfnon]
ug]{ .
!)=# hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL sfo{qmdx?sf] th'{df tyf sfof{Gjog
Pjd\ cWoog cg';Gwfgsf] nflu cw{:jfoQ k|s[ltsf] k|fljlws
lgsfosf] ?kdf hnjfo' kl/jt{ g s] G b| s f] :yfkgf ug] { .
!)=$ gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx? sfof{Gjogsf] nflu ljBdfg ;DalGwt
lgsfox?sf] sfo{ lj:tf/ ug]{ .
!)=% gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx?sf] sfof{Gjogsf] nflu sfo{ ;d"xx? u7g
u/L sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{] .
@$@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!!= cfly{s kIf


!!=! hnjfo' cg'sn
" g Pjd\ ;dfg'sn
" g, Go"g sfj{g ljsf;, hf]lvdsf]
klxrfg, cWoog cg';Gwfg, k|ljlw ljsf; tyf pkof]u h:tf
sfo{qmdx?sf] sfof{Gjogsf] nflu Ps 5'} hnjfo' kl/jt{g sf]ifsf]
:yfkgf ug]{ .
!!=@ hnjfo' kl/jt{g sf]ifdf g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt /sd, lkIfLo
jf jx'kIfLo ;xof]u cGt{ut k|fKt /sd, :jb]zL jf ljb]zL
JolQmaf6 k|fKt /sd, :jb]zL jf ljb]zL ;+3;+:yfaf6 k|fKt /sd,
hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL dxf;lGw cGtu{t :yflkt sf]if jf
hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] nflu ;xof]u ug{ :yflkt cGo s'g} klg sf]if
jf sfo{qmdaf6 k|fKt /sd jf k|bi" f0f z'Ns jf hl/jfgfaf6 k|fKt
/sd jf cGo ;|f]taf6 k|fKt /sd /xg] .
!!=# hnjfo' kl/jt{g sf]ifaf6 :ynut sfo{qmdsf] nflu s"n ah]6sf]
sDtLdf *) k|ltzt /sd l;w} sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog If]qdf k7fpg] .
!@= sfg'gL kIf
hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL dxf;lGw tyf cle;lGwx?sf] k|efjsf/L
sfof{Gjogsf] nflu ljBdfg sf'ggdf cfjZos ;+zf]wg tyf gofF
sfg'gsf] th'{df ub}{ nlug] 5 .
!#= cg'udg tyf d"Nof\sg
o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjog ;DaGwL cg'udg tyf d"Nof\sgsf] k|fylds
lhDd]jf/L jftfj/0f dGqfnosf] x'g5] . cg'udg tyf d"Nof\sgnfO{ k|efjsf/L
jgfpgsf] nflu dGqfnon] cg'udg tyf d"Nof\sg ;"rsx? lgwf{/0f u/L
sfof{Gjog ug]5{ . ;DalGwt dGqfno/ljefu / lgsfox?n] cfk"m tyf cfk"m
cGt/utsf lgsfox?n] u/]sf] sfdsf] k|ult ljj/0f cWofjlws ub}{ ;d:of
;dfwfgdf ;xof]u k'ofpg' ;DalGwt lgsfox?sf] st{Jo x'g]5 . :yfgLo
txsf sfo{qmdx?sf] sfof{Gjog, cg'udg tyf d"Nof\sg tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf
:yfgLo lgsfon] ug]{5g\ / ;f] sf] hfgsf/L jftfj/0f dGqfnodf k7fpg]
5g\ . hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL cfof]hgf jf sfo{qmdsf] ah]6 /sd, jflif{s
sfo{qmd / k|ult ljj/0f hnjfo' kl/jt{g kl/ifb\ nufot cGo ;DalGwt
lgsfox?df k]z ug'{sf] ;fy} ;fj{hlgs ul/g] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@$#

!$= hf]lvd
hnjfo' kl/jt{g / To;sf r'gf}ltx? xfn 68sf/f] ?kdf b]vf kg{
yfn]sf] / o;af6 ljleGg If]qx? h:t} hn;|f]t, s[lif tyf vfBfGg,
jg tyf h}ljs ljljwtf, ef}lts k"jf{wf/, hg:jf:Yo / ko{6g nufot
hLljsf]kfh{gsf ;+;fwgx? cTolws dfqfdf k|efljt x'Fb} uO/x]sf
5g\ . o; gLltnfO{ PsLs[t / ;dGjofTds 9\un] sfof{Gjog ubf{
lgDgfg';f/sf hf]lvd x'g ;S5g\ .
= ;fd'bflos hnjfo' cg'sn
" g tyf Go"gLs/0fsf] pkfox?sf] klxrfg,
sfo{qmd th'{df tyf sfof{Gjogn] /fli6o tyf :yfgLo:t/df
k|fyldstf gkfpg' .
= e/kbf]{ hfgsf/L / ;"rgf nufot If]qut tyf ljifout ;"rgf
pknAw u/fpg] ;+oGq gx'g' .
= gLlt tyf sfo{qmdsf] sfof{Gjogsf] nflu ;dGjosf] cefj x'gs
' f]
;fy} cfjZos k|fljlws tyf cfly{s ;|ft] h'6fpg g;Sg', k|ljlw
ljsf; / pkof]u tyf cfjZos hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf a9fpg
k|fyldstf gkfpg' .
= gLlt sfof{Gjogsf] nflu cfjZos sfg'gL Joj:yf x'g g;Sg' .
= sfo{qmd th'd
{ f tyf sfof{Gjogdf ;DalGwt /fli6o tyf :yfgLo
;/sf/, lghL If]q, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+3;+:yf Pj+ pkef]Qmf ;d"xx?sf]
tTk/tf, ;xof]u / ;+nUgtf g/xg' .
= hnjfo' cg'sn
" g tyf Ifdtf clea[l4sf sfo{x? nlIft ;d"xdf
k'Ug g;Sg' .
= hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL dxf;lGwsf] s]Gb| ljGb' ty ;DalGwt
lgsfox?sf] Ifdtf j[l4 gx'g' .
= jt{dfg ;DalGwt ;+:yfx?aLr cfjZos ;dGjo x'g g;Sg' .
dfly plNnlvt hf]lvdx? Joj:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] b]lvPsf]n] o; hnjfo'
kl/jt{g gLltnfO{ ljBdfg OR5fzlQm Pjd\ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k|ltj4tf
cg'?k sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg ;lsg] b]lvPsf] 5 .
!%= vf/]hL
of] gofF gLlt ePsf] .
@$$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cf}Bf]lus gLlt, @)^&


!= k[i7e"ld
cf}Bf]lus If]qnfO{ a9fjf lbg] p2]Zo;lxt cf}Bf]lus gLlt, @)$( sf]
lgdf{0f ul/Psf] lyof] . tyflk, ;f] gLlt nfu" ePsf] nfdf] ;dokZrft\
klg xfd|f] cf}Bf]lus ljsf;sf] l:yltdf pNn]vgLo k|ult xfl;n x'g
;s]sf] 5}g . l5d]sL d'n'snufot ljZjd} tLj| ultsf ;fy cf}Bf]lus
ljsf;n] Pskl5 csf]{ km8\sf] dfl//x]sf] t/ g]kfndf cf}Bf]lus ljsf;n]
ck]Iffs[t ult lng g;ls/x]sf] ljBdfg kl/j]zdf ljutdf ePsf sdL
sdhf]/LnfO{ ;RofpFb} b|'tt/ cf}Bf]lus ljsf;sf] dfWodaf6 d'n'ssf]
;du| cfly{s, ;fdflhs If]qdf ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g ug]{ clek|fon]
;dofg'sn gLltut ;'wf/;lxt cf}Bf]lus gLlt, @)^^ hf/L ul/Psf]
5 . o; gLltsf dfWodaf6 d'ns
' df cf}Bf]lus ljsf;;DaGwL lqmofsnfkx?df
a9f]Q/L x'g hfg], Jofks ?kdf /f]huf/Lsf cj;/x? l;h{gf x'g] /
hgtfsf] cfo:t/df a[l4 x'g uO{ cGttf]uTjf d'ns
' sf] cy{tGqdf pBf]u
If]qsf] of]ubfg cu|0fL x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .
@ ljutsf k|of;
cf}Bf]lus gLlt, @)$( n] kl/nlIft u/]sf p2]Zo xfl;n ug{ ;j{k|yd
s[lif If]qdf cTolws dfqfdf lge{/ /x]sf] cy{tGqnfO{ cf}Bf]lus cy{tGqdf
?kfGt/0f ug' { h?/L ePsf] n ] cf} B f] l us ljsf;;DaGwL ;/sf/L
lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ To;} lbzf tkm{ s]lGb|t ug]{ k|of; ul/of] . cf}Bf]lus
gLlt, @)$( n] dfu{lgb]{z u/]cg';f/ hf/L ul/Psf] cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo
P]g, @)$( n] cf}Bf]lus ljsf;nfO{ pRr k|fyldstfsf ;fy cufl8
a9fpg pBf]ux?sf] k|fyldlss/0f Pj+ juL{s/0f u/L ljleGg ju{ / If]qsf
tf]lsP adf]lhdsf pBf]ux?nfO{ cfos/, laj|mLs/ tyf cGtMz'Ns cflb
h:tf yk 5'6 ;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnot pknAw u/fO{ pBf]ux? km:6fpg]
sfg"gL cfwf/ tof/ u/]sf] lyof] . t/ klg ljleGg sf/0fn] cf}Bf]lus
Joj;fo P]g, @)$( n] k|bfg u/]sf ;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnotx?n] lg/Gt/tf
kfpg ;s]gg\ / tL ;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnotx?nfO{ pQm P]gdf lj=;+= @)%$
;fndf ePsf] klxnf] ;+zf]wg, cfos/ P]g, @)%* / ;fnj;fnL aGg]
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@$%

cfly{s P]gx?af6 s6f}tL Pj+ vf/]h ul/+b} nluP . tfklg, cf}Bf]lus


ljsf;sf nflu cGo cfjZos ;+:yfut Pj+ cfwf/e"t k"jf{wf/ ;]jf
pknAw u/fO{ pBf]uxnfO{ k|lt:kwL{ agfpg] k|of; eg] hf/L g}
/Xof] . o;cg'?k ;+:yfut Joj:yf tkm{ /fli6o pTkfbsTj kl/ifb\sf]
u7g ul/of] eg] cf}Bf]lus k"jf{wf/ ljsf;tkm{ ljz]if cfly{s If]qsf]
cjwf/0ffnfO{ cufl8 a9fOof] . o;} l;nl;nfdf Jofkf/ tyf pBf]u
:yfkgf Pj+ ;+rfngsf nflu clgjfo{ ?kdf Ohfhtkq lng' kg]{ tTsfnLg
Joj:yfnfO{ vf/]h ub}{ s]xL tf]lsPsf pBf]ux? -jftfj/0f / hg:jf:Yodf
gsf/fTds k|efj kfg]{ tyf xftxltof/ pTkfbg ;Fu ;DalGwt_ afx]s
cGo pBf]u wGbf ;+rfng ug{ cg'dlt lng' gkg]{ Joj:yf ul/of] . o;
Joj:yfaf6 pBf]u :yfkgf tyf ;+rfngdf ;xh Pj+ k|lt:kwL{ jftfj/0f
lgdf{0f eO{ cf}Bf]lus pTkfbsTj / /f]huf/Lsf cj;/x?df clej[l4 x'g]
ck]Iff ul/Psf] lyof] . cf}Bf]lus ljsf;df cem a9L ;xof]u k'ofpg
o;} cjlwdf >ldsx?sf] bIftf a9fpg], Joj:yfkg sf}znsf] clej[l4
ug]{, gjLgtd k|ljlwnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{, If]qut nufgL a9fpg], ?U0f
pBf]usf] k'g?Tyfg;DaGwL Joj:yf ug],{ pBdzLntf k|j4{g ug{ tfnLd
k|bfg ug]{ ;+:yfut Joj:yf tyf pBf]ux?nfO{ k|bfg ug]{ ;]jf /
;'ljwfx?nfO{ Ps} ynf]af6 ljgf emGem6 k|bfg ug{ cfjZos ;+:yfut
Joj:yf ug]{ h:tf ljljw k|of;x? klg ul/P .
# jt{dfg l:ylt
cf}Bf]lus ljsf;sf nflu ljutdf ;+rfng ul/Psf ljleGg k|of;xsf
jfjh"b b]zdf cf}Bf]lusLs/0fn] cfzftLt ult lng g;s]sf] oyfy{ xfdL
;fd' ljBdfg 5 . s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgdf pBf]u If]qsf] of]ubfg !)
k|ltzt klg k'Ug g;s]sf] tYo xfd|f ;fd' r'gf}tLsf ?kdf v8f 5 .
b]zsf] cy{tGq cBflk k/Dk/fut s[lif k|0ffnL / ljk|]if0f -/]ld6]G;_ df
cTolws lge{/ /x]sf] 5 . b]zdf cf}Bf]lus ljsf;sf] k|of{Kt ;+efjgf
x'bfx'b} klg pko'Qm Joj:yfkg Ifdtfsf] cefjdf ljBdfg ;|ft] , ;fwg
/ ;Defjgfx?sf] plrt bf]xg ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . o;af6 pknAw sRrf
;|ft] Pj+ ;fwg v]/ hfg', ljs/fn a]/f]huf/L / cw{ a]/f]huf/Lsf] ;d:of
pTkGg x'g uO{ b]zdf ljBdfg >dzlQm Go"g a]tgdf a}bl] zs /f]huf/L
tkm{ nfUg afWo x'g' h:tf ljljw k|sf/sf ;d:ofx? /fi6n] ef]Ug' kl//x]sf]
5 . o;}aLr g]kfn ljZj Jofkf/ ;7gsf] klg ;b:o ePsf] 5 / ljZj
@$^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

ahf/;Fu o;sf] cfj4tf lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 . l5d]sL d'ns


' xdf ePsf]
tLj| cf}Bf]lusLs/0f / k|lt:kwf{n] g]kfnL pBf]uxn] ljZjJofkL k|lt:kwf{nfO{
cfFsng u/L pTkfbsTjdf clej[l4 / Joj;flos s'zntfsf] k|bz{g
ug'k{ g]{ 5 . To:t} g]kfnL pBf]uxn] u'0f:t/df ;'lglZrttf, Joj;flos
sf/f]jf/df kf/blz{tf Pj+ ahf/sf] lgoldt cWoog / ks8df yk sf]l;;
ug'k{ g]{ l:ylt ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/L:t/af6 pBf]usf] ;+/If0f ug]{ jftfj/0f
g/x]sf] x'bF f tfnLd, ;"rgf cfbfgk|bfg, nufgLd}qL jftfj/0fsf] lgdf{0f,
cf}Bf]lus d]nf, cflb ljleGg cf}Bf]lus k|j4{gsf sfo{j|mdx dfk{mt
g]kfnL pBf]uxnfO{ a9fjf lbg'kg]{ cj:yf 5 . To;sf nflu ljBdfg
gLltdf ;dofg'sn
" kl/jt{g u/L hf/L ul/Psf] o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjogaf6
b]zdf 7"nf pBf]ux?sf] :yfkgf e} /f]huf/L a9\g,] n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf
;fgf pBf]uxsf] Jofks ljsf; e} :j/f]huf/L a9\g], g]kfnL >d /
;Lksf] pkof]u x'g] / b]zdf cf}Bf]lus ljsf;n] ult lng] ck]Iff ul/Psf]
5.
$ d'Vo ;d:of / r'gf}tL
pBf]u ;~rfngsf nflu /fhgLlts c:yL/tf, cf}Bf]lus c;'/Iff, c;xh
>d ;DaGw, phf{sf] Go"g pknAwtf, sdhf]/ cf}Bf]lus k"jf{wf/ ;'ljwf,
bIf hgzlQmsf] cefj, k|ljlw u|x0f ug]{ Ifdtfsf] sdL, Go"g pTkfbsTj,
lgof{tof]Uo j:t'x?sf] ljljwLs/0fdf sdL, sdhf]/ cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkg
l:ylt h:tf kIf g]kfnsf] cf}Bf]lus ljsf;df d'Vo ;d:ofsf ?kdf
/x]sf 5g\ . To:t} hgdfg;df pBf]u, Joj;fonfO{ hLljsf]kfh{gsf]
dfWod agfpg] dgl:ylt / jftfj/0f gb]lvg' oltv]/sf] d"n ;d:of
xf] . :jb]zd} nufgL ug],{ cfgf] k"h
+ Lut tyf jf}l4s ;DklQsf] clwstd
pkof]u pTkfbgd"ns If]qdf ug]{ / d'n'sd} :j/f]huf/sf cj;/x?
a9fpg] tyf ljZjfl;nf] cf}Bf]lus jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug'{ xfd|f] ;femf
/fli6o r'gf}tLsf ?kdf /x]sf 5g\ . kmn:jk g]kfnL >d ljb]zL ahf/df
cfslif{t x'g', g]kfndf Joj:yfkgb]lv dhb'/ tx;Dd bIf hgzlQmsf]
cefj a9\b} hfg' / g]kfndf ePsf dxTjk"0f{ ;|ft] x TolQs} pkof]uljxLg
cj:yfdf /xg'sf sf/0fn] clxn] klg g]kfnL pBf]u If]qsf] r'gf}tL eg]sf]
pBf]u If]qdf 9'Ss eP/ nufgL ug{ ;lsg] jftfj/0f agfpg' g} /x]sf]
5 . oL ;d:ofx?sf cltl/Qm g]kfnsf] ef}uf]lns cjl:ylt, e"w/ftnLo
jgf}6, ljZje/ j9\bf] tLj| k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0f, cfly{s pbf/Ls/0f,
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@$&

ljZjJofkLs/0fsf] k|efj, ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ k|ljlwsf] j9\bf] Pj+ jblnFbf]


e"ldsf, jftfj/0fLo r'gf}tL h:tf ljifox?nfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ cf}Bf]lus
/ Jofkfl/s k|s[ofx? ;/n, ;xh / kf/bzL{ Pj+ j}1flgs jgfpg' /
b]zsf] j[xQ/ ljsf;df cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] e"ldsf j[l4 ug'{ cfhsf]
cfjZostf /x]sf] 5 . ;fy}, lgof{tof]Uo j:t'x?sf] k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf
ljljlws/0f, pTkfbsTj clej[l4 ug'{ klg pBf]u If]qsf] r'gf}tLsf ?kdf
ljBdfg 5g\ .
%= gofF gLltsf] cfjZostf
b]zsf] cf}Bf]lus ljsf;sf] ult cj?4 ug]{ dxTjk"0f{ tTjx? b]zdf
zflGt tyf ;'/Iffsf] cj:Yff, ;/sf/L gLlt, lgod, sfo{k|lqmof / z}nL,
ahf/sf] pknAwtf, k|lt:kwf{sf] :j?k, ljQ k|aGw, dhb'/Joj:yfkgaLrsf]
;DaGw tyf >d pTkfbsTjsf] cj:yf, cf}Bf]lus k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf]
cj:yf, cfjZos Joj;flos ;Lk / bIftfo"Qm >dzlQmsf] pknAwtf,
gljgtd k|ljlwsf] pkof]u, gljgtd cfljisf/ / vf]hn] k|fKt ug]{
;Ddfg / ;+/If0f, sRrf tyf ;xfos sRrf kbfy{sf] e08f/0f tyf
pknAwtf, t'ngfTds nfesf If]qx?sf] klxrfg / ;f] cg';f/sf] cf}Bf]lus
gLlt tyf Jofkf/ gLltsf] cjnDag, ljb]zL d'ns
' sf] Jofkf/ gLltn] kfg]{
k|efj cflb kIf tkm{ uxg cWoog / cg';Gwfg u/L oyfy{k/s /
Jojxfl/s sfo{gLlts of]hgf / sfo{qmd;lxt ljZj;gLo cf}Bf]lus
nufgLd}qL jftfj/0f tof/ ug'{ h?/L e};s]sf] 5 .
b]zdf cfPsf] /fhgLlts kl/jt{gsf ;fy} cfly{s pbf/Ls/0f Pj+
ljZjJofkLs/0f4f/f l;lh{t cj;/ Pj+ r'gf}tL;d]tnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL
lj=;+= @)$( ;fndf cf}Bf]lus gLlt / ljb]zL nufgL tyf Psf/ gLlt
hf/L ul/Psf] lyof] . cf}Bf]lus gLlt, @)$( jf6 d'n'sdf cf}Bf]lus
pTkfbg tyf ;]jfx?sf] j[l4nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug]{ cfwf/x?sf] ljsf; ug{
;3fp k'u]sf] ePtf klg o;af6 /f]huf/L, pTkfbg, lgof{t k|j4{g Pj+
nufgLnufotsf If]qdf cfzftLt ;kmntf eg] xfl;n x'g ;s]g .
cfly{s If]qdf b]lvPsf kl/jt{g, ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] If]qdf cfPsf] qmflGt,
g]kfnsf] ax'kIfLo, If]qLo, lkIfLo ;lGw ;Fu7gdf k|jz
] h:tf ljifox?af6
cf}Bf]lus If]qdf pTkGg cj;/x?sf] ;d'lrt pkof]u ug{ ;]jf pBf]ux?sf]
cy{tGqdf j9\bf] e"ldsfnfO{ Jojl:yt ug'{sf ;fy} ljutsf gLltut
@$*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

k|of;df ;d]6g\ g;lsPsf laifox?nfO{ ;dfj]z u/L pbf/ / km/flsnf]


cf}Bf]lus gLltsf] lgdf{0f u/L sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg cfjZos b]lvPsf]
5 . g]kfnsf ;Ldf hf]l8Psf l5d]sL d'n'sx?sf If]qx?df pBf]usf]
k|j4{gsf nflu k|bfg ul/Psf ;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnotx? ;d]tnfO{ b[li6ut
u/L k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{, cf}Bf]lus/0f b]zsf] cfly{s
ljsf;sf] dxTjk"0f{ ;+jfxs ePsf] x'gfn] cf}Bf]lus ultljlw a9fpg'sf
;fy} cf}Bf]lus ljsf;df ;xof]uL x'g] k|ljlwut, ef}lts / dfgj
;+zfwg;DaGwL k"jf{wf/x?sf] lgdf{0f ug{ lghL If]qnfO{ ;d]t ;xefuL
u/fpg gof+ ;f]r, /0fgLlt, nIo / p2]Zo tyf sfof{Gjog Ifdtf;lxtsf]
cf}Bf]lus gLlt cfjZos ePsf] 5 .
;]jf pBf]udf cfPsf] ljljwtf tyf To;af6 l;lh{t cj;/nfO{ ;d]t
;d]6L cf}Bf]lus/0fsf] ultnfO{ tLj|t/ kfg{ of] gLlt th'{df ul/Psf]
5 . o; gLltdf n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] k|j4{gsf lgldQ
ljz]if gLltut Joj:yf ;d]t ul/Psf] 5 . To:t} dlxnf pBdLx?sf]
lgldQ klg ljz]if Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} cf}Bf}lus k|j4{g / ljsf;sf
nflu cf}Bf]lus gLltsf] ;jf]R{ rtf sfod u/L gLltn] k|bfg u/]sf] ;'ljwf,
;x'lnot tyf k|j4{gfTds Joj:yfdf ;+sr
' g x'g] u/L cGo gLltut Pj+
sfg"gL Joj:yf gug]{ / cgfjZos x:tIf]k gx'g] u/L ;'lglZrttf sfod
ug{ ;d]t cfjZos ePsf] 5 .
^= bL3{sfnLg nIo
;fj{hlgs, lghL / ;xsf/L If]qsf] k|efjsf/L, ;dGjofTds / ;fd~h:ok"0f{
;xsfo{df lbuf] Pjd\ a[xt\ cfwf/;lxtsf] cf}Bf]lus ljsf;sf] dfWodaf6
/fli6o cy{tGqdf pNn]Vo of]ubfg k'ofO{ ul/jL Go"gLs/0fdf ;3fp
k'ofpg] .
&= gLltsf k|d'v p2]Zo
&=! u'0f:t/Lo tyf k|lt:kwf{Tds cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg Pjd\ pTkfbsTj
clej[l4af6 /fli6o cfo / /f]huf/Ldf a9f]Q/L;lxt cf}Bf]lus
j:t'sf] lgof{t a9fpg] .
&=@ :yfgLo ;|ft] , sRrf kbfy{, ;Lk / ;fwgsf] kl/rfng u/L ;Gt'lnt
/fli6o tyf If]qLo ljsf;df pBf]u If]qsf] of]ubfg a9fpg] .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@$(

&=# gljgtd k|ljlw Pjd\ jftfj/0fd}qL pTkfbg k|s[ofnfO{ k|of]u u/L


pBf]u Joj;fonfO{ lbuf] Pjd\ e/kbf]{ If]qsf] ?kdf :yflkt ug]{ .
&=$ cf}Bf]lus ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos pTkfbgzLn hgzlQm tyf
Joj:yfksLo Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ub}{ ;jn nufgLsf] cfwf/ v8f
u/L g]kfnnfO{ blIf0f Plzof If]q tyf ljZjs} cfsif{s nufgL:ynsf]
?kdf :yflkt ug]{ .
&=% cf}Bf]lus af}l4s ;DklQ clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ .
*= gLlt
p2]Zo &=! ;Fu ;DalGwt gLlt -&=! u'0f:t/Lo tyf k|lt:kwf{Tds
cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg Pjd\ pTkfbsTj clej[l4af6 /fli6o cfo / /f]huf/L
tyf cf}Bf]lus a:t'sf] lgof{t a9fpg] ._
*=! cf}Bf]lus j:t'sf] lgsf;L a9fpg ;xof]u k'ofO{ ljb]zL d'b|f
cfh{ g ug] { / e' Q mfgL ;Gt' n gdf ;3fp k' ofOg] 5 .
*=@ cf}Bf]lus j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf, u'0f:t/ tyf
pTkfbsTj a9fpg /fli6o Pj+ cf}Bf]lus PsfOsf] txdf gofF
k| l jlwsf] ljsf; tyf k| f lKtnfO{ k| f yldstf lbOg] 5 .
*=# ;'b[9 cf}Bf]lus ;DaGwnfO{ pBf]u ljsf;sf] k|jn cfwf/ dfgL
pTkfbsTj j[l4 x'g] u/L nlrnf] >d gLlt agfO{ /f]huf/bftf /
>ldsaLrsf] ;DaGwnfO{ ;'dw'/ agfpg tyf yk /f]huf/L ;[hgf
/ ;'lglZrttf k|bfg ug]{ p2]Zon] >d sfg"gn] lglb{i6 u/] adf]lhd
sfd gubf{sf] kfl/>lds lbg' gkg]{ l;4fGt (No pay for no
work principle) nfO{ c+lsf/ ul/g]5 .
*=$ lgof{td"ns pBf]u, ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf :yflkt pBf]u, k|fyldstf
k|fKt pBf]u, / clt cljsl;t, cljsl;t / sdljsl;t If]qdf
:yflkt pBf]ux?nfO{ k|f]T;fxg:j?k yk ;'ljwf Pjd\ ;x'lnot
pknJw u/fOg]5 .
*=% ljZjdf gofF ;Defjgfsf] kdf cufl8 al9/x]sf] cf}Bf]lus ;"rgf
tyf ;~rf/, pko'Qm k|ljlw Pj+ h}ljs k|ljlw (Bio-technology)
sf] If]qdf cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;;DaGwL sfo{ ;~rfng ug{
k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .

@%)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

p2]Zo &=@ ;Fu ;DalGwt gLlt -&=@ :yfgLo ;|f]t, sRrf kbfy{, ;Lk
/ ;fwgsf] kl/rfng u/L ;Gt'lnt If]qLo ljsf;df pBf]u If]qsf]
of]ubfg a9fpg] ._
*=^ :yfgLo ;|f]t / sRrf kbfy{, ;Lk, >d / k|ljlwsf] pkof]u ug]{
pBf]usf] k|j4{g ug{ ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 .
*=& k|lt:kwf{Tds nfe / t'ngfTds kmfObf ePsf If]qsf] klxrfg
Pj+ pkof]u u/L cf}Bf]lus cfwf/nfO{ alnof] / lbuf] agfOg]5 .
*=* /fli6o pBf]ux?sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu g]kfndf sDtLdf #) k|ltzt
d"No clej[l4 ePsf] cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg ;/sf/L tyf ;/sf/L :jfldTj
ePsf] ;+:yfn] vl/b ug]{ u/L k|f]T;fxgsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
p2]Zo &=# ;Fu ;DalGwt gLlt -&=# gljgtd k|ljlw Pjd\ jftfj/0fd}qL
pTkfbg k|s[ofnfO{ k|of]u u/L pBf]u Joj;fonfO{ lbuf] Pjd\ e/kbf]{
If]qsf] ?kdf :yflkt ug]{ ._
*=( cfg} k|of;df jftfj/0f d}qL k|ljlw Pjd\ phf{ jrt ug]{
pBf] u x?nfO{ k| f ljlws / cfly{ s ;xof] u k' ofOg] 5 .
*=!) xl/t pBf]usf] k|j4{g tyf :yflkt pBf]ux?nfO{ k|b"if0fd'Qm /
z'Go sfj{go'Qm t'Nofpg ljz]if pkfo cjnDjg ul/g]5 .
p2]Zo &=$ ;Fu ;DalGwt gLlt -&=$ cf}Bf]lus ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos
pTkfbgzLn hgzlQm tyf Joj:yfksLo Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ub}{ ;jn
nufgLsf] cfwf/ v8f u/L g]kfnnfO{ ;fs{ If]q tyf ljZjs} cfsif{s
nufgL:ynsf] ?kdf :yflkt ul/g]5 ._
*=!! :j/f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ ;[hgf ug{ pBf]u Joj;fodf l;h{gl;n
o'jf k|ltefnfO{ cfslif{t ug{ cf}Bf]lus ;Lk, pBdlzntf ljsf;
tyf s'zn cf}Bf]lus Joj:yfkgsf nflu Ifdtf clej[l4sf
lqmofsnfknfO{ cleofgsf ?kdf ;+ r fng ul/g] 5 .
*=!@ ;dli6ut cfly{s gLlt, /fhZj gLlt, :yfgLo s/ / cGo If]qut
gLlt lgdf{0f tyf kl/dfh{g ubf{ cf}Bf]lus gLlt;Fu k|lts"n gx'g]
k4lt cjnDjg ul/g]5 / pBf]unfO{ ;+/If0f, ;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnot
pknJw u/fpFbf jx'klIfo Pjd\ If]qLo ;+emf}tfsf k|fjwfg;Fu
;fd~h:otf sfod /flvg]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@%!

*=!# cf}Bf]lus ;'/Iff Joj:yfnfO{ ;'b[9 t'Nofpgsf nflu cf}Bf}lus


;'/Iff jn u7g u/L k|efjsf/L t'NofOg]5 .
*=!$ j}b]lzs nufgL ;+/If0f, ljljwLs/0f / k|j4{g ug{ u}/cfjf;Lo
g]kfnLx?nfO{ g]kfndf nufgL ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 / k|ToIf
j}b]lzs nufgL (Foreign Direct Investment) a9L ug]{
d'n'sl:yt g]kfnL /fhb"tfjf; tyf lgof]udf cf}Bf]lus nufgL
k|j4{gsf nflu cfly{s s'6gLlts PsfO{nfO{ ;an t'NofOg] 5 .
*=!% lghL tyf ;xsf/L If]q ;d]tsf] ;xeflutfdf nufgL k|j4{g sf]if,
k|ljlw ljsf; sf]if, n3' 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljsf; sf]if,
?U0f pBf]u k'g?Tyfg sf]if / u}x\| Joj;flos / u}x\| Jofkfl/s
hf]lvd (Non-Business and Non-Commercial Risk)
sf] Ifltk"lt{ (Compensation) lbg cf}Bf]lus nufgL ;+/If0f
sf]if (Industrial Investment Protection Fund) sf] :yfkgf
tyf ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
*=!^ pBf]unfO{ ;+/If0f, ;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnot pknAw u/fpg nufgL
af]8,{ Psn ljGb" ;]jf s]Gb|, cf}Bf]lus k|j4{g af]8,{ cf}Bf]lus If]q
Joj:yfkg k|flws/0f, cf}Bf]lus hgzlQm ljsf; k|lti7fg, g]kfn
Joj;fo d~r (Nepal Business Forum) h:tf ;+:yfut
Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
*=!& pTkfbg k|s[ofdf cu| Pjd\ k[i6 ;DaGw (Forward and
backward linkages) a9fpg ;xof]u k'Ug] u/L Contract

Manufacturing, Outsourcing, Contracting-out,


Franchising, Ancillary / Buy Back h:tf s[ofsnfknfO{

k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .

p2]Zo &=% ;Fu ;DalGwt gLlt -&=% cf}Bf]lus af}l4s ;DklQ clwsf/sf]
;+/If0f ug]{ ._
*=!* af}l4s ;DklQ clwsf/ ;+/If0fsf] nflu k|efjsf/L lgsfo :yfkgf
ul/g]5 .
*=!( af}l4s ;DklQsf] k|of]u ug{ pBdLnfO{ ljz]if k|f]T;fxg lbOg]5 .

@%@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

(= n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u;DaGwL ljz]if gLltut Joj:yf


(=! n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] k|j4{g, ljsf; / lj:tf/nfO{
6]jf k'Ug] cfjZos sfg"gL Joj:yf ub}{ ;+:yfut ;+/rgf tyf
k"jf{wf/x?sf] lgdf{0f ul/g]5 .
(=@ n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf a[l4
u/L jhf/ kx'Fr tyf lj:tf/sf nflu ;Ifd agfpg xfn /x]sf]
n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljsf; sf]ifsf] ;]jfnfO{ lj:tf/
u/L k|efjsf/L agfOg]5 .
(=# lhNnfdf pknAw k|fs[lts >f]t, dfgljo ;+;fwg / nufgLsf
cj;/sf] cfwf/df :yflgo lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltgu/kflnsf
/ ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt;Fusf] ;dGjodf lhNnf pBd tyf pBf]u
ljsf; of]hgf tof/ u/L oL lgsfox?;Fusf] ;xsfo{df r/0fut
?kdf sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .
(=$ n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux?sf] :yfkgf tyf k|j4{g ubf{
g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] nlIft ;d"xnfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf lbb}
pTk\]/0ff tyf pBdzLntf ljsf; tflndsf] dfWodjf6 nlIft
;d"xdf ;|f]t;fwgsf] ;+efJotf / jhf/sf] dfudf cfwfl/t
pko'Qm pBdx?sf] 5gf}6 u/L To:tf pBd ;+rfng ug]{ Ifdtfsf]
ljsf; ul/g]5 .
(=% u|fdL0f If]qsf pTkfbgd"ns pBf]ux?nfO{ Joj;fo ljsf; ;]jf
(Business Development Service-BDS) k' ofpg
;fd'bflos jf ;xsf/L n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u u|fd
:yfkgf u/L cf}Bf]lus s]Gb|x? (Industrial Clusters) sf]
ljsf; ul/g]5 .
(=^ Ps ufpF Ps pTkfbg (One Village One Product) sf]
cjwf/0ff cg';f/ :yfgLo:t/df ;j} eGbf a9L ;+efJo b]lvPsf
;|ft] / ;fwgsf] klxrfg u/L To;df cfwfl/t cf}Bf]lus j:t'sf]
pTkfbgnfO{ k| j 4{ g ug{ j:t' ljsf; s] G b| (Product
Development Centres) x? :yfkgf ub}{ yk ;d"xut
cf}Bf]lus s]Gb|x? (Product Specific Industrial Clusters)
sf] dfWodaf6 cf} B f] l us k| j 4{ g nfO{ k| f yldstf lbOg] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@%#

(=& n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u u|fd :yfkgf ug{ cf}Bf]lus
k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ug]{ sfo{df cu|;/tf b]vfpg] :yfgLo lgsfonfO{
vr{sf] cg'kftdf cg'bfg /sd j[l4 ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
(=* ;fd"lxs lrGx -Collective Mark_ sf] pkof]uf/f n3' pBd,
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux?sf] pTkfbgsf] klxrfg sfod u/fO{
logLx?sf] k|j4{gsf nflu ;xof]u ul/g]5 .
(=( n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]udf jf}l4s ;DklQ ;+/If0fsf]
nflu PsLs[t / ;Ifd ;+:yfut Joj:yf u/L o;sf] ;d'lrt
;+/If0f / pkof]unfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
(=!) n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] pTkfbg tyf ahf/ k|j4{gsf
nlu pko'Qm ;"rgf k|ljlw (Information Technology) sf]
k|of]usf] nflu ljz]if Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
!)= /0fgLlt
p2]Zo &=! ;Fu ;DalGwt /0fgLlt -&=! u'0f:t/Lo tyf k|lt:kwf{Tds
cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg Pjd\ pTkfbsTj clej[l4af6 /fli6o cfo / /f]huf/L
tyf cf}Bf]lus a:t'sf] lgof{t a9fpg] ._
!)=! Joj:yfksLo Ifdtf, l;h{glzntf, 1fg Pjd\ ;Lksf] clea[l4 /
pko'Qm k|ljlwsf] pkof]uf/f pBf]u If]qsf] k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf
a9fOg] 5 .
!)=@ ;fj{hlgs lghL ;xsfo{sf cfwf/df lgof{td"ns pBf]usf]
:yfkgfsf nflu k|f]T;fxg lbg ;'ljwf ;DkGg ljz]if cfly{s If]q
(Special Economic Zone) sf] :yfkgf ul/g] 5 .
!)=# g]kfn u'0f:t/ tyf gfktf}n ljefusf] ;+:yfut lj:tf/ Pj+
;'b[9Ls/0f ul/g] 5 / g]kfn u'0f:t/ lrGxnfO{ cGt//fli6o
dfkb08cg'?ksf] t'NofO{ To:tf lrGxsf] k|of]u ug{ pBf]unfO{
k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
!)=$ >ldssf] pTkfbsTj Ifdtf clej[l4, yk /f]huf/L ;[hgf ug{
>d;DaGwL sfg"gnfO{ p2]Zok/s ?kdf nlrnf] t'NofOg]5 .
@%$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)=% eG;f/ dxz'n -afp08 /]6 leq /x]/_ P06L 8lDk z'Ns (Antidumping Duty) / ;dLsf/s z'Ns (Counterveiling Duty)
sf] dfWodaf6 pBf] u nfO{ ;+ / If0f k| b fg ul/g] 5 .
!)=^ l5d]sL d'ns
' x? ef/t tyf rLgdf b't| t/ lj:tf/ e}/x]sf] ahf/
/ Jofkf/ ;Gt'ng (Trade Balance) sf] ;'wf/ ;d]tnfO{ Wofgdf
/fvL pBf]ux?sf] ljsf; ul/g]5 . oL ahf/x?df kx'Frsf] nflu
tL b]zx?;Fu cfjZos ;Demf}tf ug{ jf e}/x]sf] ;Demf}tfdf
kl/dfh{g ug{ kxn ul/g]5 .
!)=& ax'kIfLo, If]qLo Pjd\ lkIfLo ;lGw ;Demf}tfnfO{ b]zsf] cj:yf,
j:t'l:ylt / cfjZostf;Fu d]n vfg] u/L ;f] sf k|fjwfgx?nfO{
k|efjsf/L ?kn] sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .
!)=* d'ns
' leq pBf]ux?aLr cu|k[i7 ;DjGw -forward-backward
linkages_ clej[l4nfO{ a9jf lbO{ lbuf] cf}Bf]lus ljsf; ug{
d'n's leq ul/Psf] d"No clej[l4sf] cfwf/df ;'ljwf kfpg]
Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
!)=( ;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x]sf pBf]ux?nfO{ Joj;flos ?kdf ;+rfng
ul/g]5 .
p2]Zo &=@ ;Fu ;DalGwt /0fgLlt -&=@ :yfgLo ;|f]t, sRrf kbfy{,
;Lk / ;fwgsf] kl/rfng u/L ;Gt'lnt If]qLo ljsf;df pBf]u If]qsf]
of]ubfg a9fpg] ._
!)=!) ef}uf]lns ljs6tf Pj+ sd cfo:t/ ePsf tf]lsPsf cljsl;t
If]qdf :yfkgf x'g] pBf]u, ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf :yfkgf x'g] pBf]u,
lgof{t k|j4{g pBf]u, tf]lsPsf] jf ;f] eGbf a9L ;+Vofdf k|ToIf
/f]huf/L lbg] pBf]ux?nfO{ yk ;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnot pknJw
u/fpg]5 .
!)=!! k|To]s lhNnfsf] cf}Bf]lus k|f]kmfOn tof/ ul/g]5 / k/Dk/fut
;Lk tyf :yfgLo sRrf kbfy{sf] pknJwtfsf] cfwf/df ;DefJotf
x]/L Ps ufpF Ps pTkfbg sf] cjwf/0ffcg'?k cf}Bf]lus u|fdsf]
:yfkgf ug{ lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@%%

!)=!@ u|fdL0f If]qdf s[lif, u}x| sfi7 aghGo kbfy{df cfwfl/t j:t',
kz'kfng, b"Uw pBf]u, k+IfLkfng, kmnkm"n tyf hl8j'6Ldf cfwfl/t
pBf]unfO{ k|ljlw, ahf/, ;Lk / cg';Gwfgdf ;xof]u k'ofpg]
sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{5 .
!)=!# s0ff{nL sf]l/8f]/df pBf]u ljsf; ug{ ljz]if ;'ljwfsf] Kofs]h
nfu" ul/g]5 .
!)=!$ :yfgLo lgsfo;Fu ;dGjo u/L cf}Bf]lus k|of]hgsf] nflu
e"pkof]u of]hgf th'{df ul/g]5 . o:tf] of]hgfsf] cfwf/df
cf}Bf]lus :yn, Industrial Corridor, Industrial Cluster
tyf u|fdsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 . cf}Bf]lus If]q / dfgj a:tLjLr
lglZrt dWojtL{ If]q (Buffer Zone) sfod u/L Jojl:yt
?kdf a:tL ljsf; ug] { /0fgLlt canDag ul/g] 5 .
!)=!% s[lif pBf]u / lgsf;LnfO{ ;dGjo u/L d'n'sdf pknAw
sRrfkbfy{ d f cfwfl/t pBf] u x?sf] ljsf; ul/g] 5 .
!)=!^ b]zsf ljleGg :yfgdf vf;u/L b'ud
{ tyf kxf8L If]qdf ;xsf/L
dfkm{t hl8j'6L tyf kmnkm"n k|zf]wg pBf]ux? ;+rfng ug{
ljz]if sfo{of]hgf NofO{g]5 .
p2]Zo &=# ;Fu ;DalGwt /0fgLlt -&=# gljgtd k|ljlw Pjd\ jftfj/0fd}qL
pTkfbg k|s[ofnfO{ k|of]u u/L pBf]u Joj;fonfO{ lbuf] Pjd\ e/kbf]{
If]qsf] ?kdf :yflkt ug]{ ._
!)=!& cf}Bf]lus cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;, jftfj/0f ;+/If0f / :jR5
pTkfbg k|ljlw tyf k|s[ofsf] k|of]udf ;3fp k'ofpg ;x'lnot
tyf ;'ljwfsf] Joj:yf ug]{5 .
p2]Zo &=$ ;Fu ;DalGwt /0fgLlt -&=$ cf}Bf]lus ljsf;sf nflu
cfjZos pTkfbgzLn hgzlQm tyf Joj:yfksLo Ifdtfsf] ljsf;
ub}{ ;jn nufgLsf] cfwf/ v8f u/L g]kfnnfO{ ;fs{ If]q tyf ljZjs}
cfsif{s nufgL:ynsf] ?kdf :yflkt ug]{ ._
!)=!* ?U0f pBf]usf] k'g?Tyfg tyf k'glg{df{0fsf nflu clwsf/;DkGg
ljz]if ;+oGq lgdf{0f ul/g]5 .
@%^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)=!( lghL tyf ;xsf/L If]qsf] k"FhL nufgLnfO{ cf}Bf]lus ljsf;sf]


d"n cfwf/ :tDesf] ?kdf kl/rfng ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
!)=@) pBf]u :yfkgfsf] cg'dlt, btf{, lj:tf/ / alxu{dg Pjd\ pBf]un]
kfpg] ;'ljwfsf ;DaGwdf ;/n Pj+ kf/bzL{ ;do;Ldf cg'?k
tf]lsPsf] ;doleq ;/n k|so[ ff/f ;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnot kfpg]
Joj:yf ;'lglZrt ug{ Psn ljGb' ;]jf s]Gb| :yfkgf u/L
k|efjsf/L agfOg]5 .
!)=@! cf}Bf]lus k|j4{g Pjd\ k|zf;gdf sfo{/t lgsfox?sf aLr
k|efjsf/L ;dGjo sfod u/L k|zf;lgs k|lqmofx?nfO{ ;/n
t'NofOg] 5 .
!)=@@ cf}Bf]lus nufgL k|j4{g ug{ ;/sf/n] ;xhstf{sf] e"ldsf
lgefpg]5 .
!)=@# xfn sfo{/t Psf/ ;ldltsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbgdf k/]sf sl7gfO{x?nfO{
x6fpg] u/L Psn ljGb' ;]jf s]Gb|nfO{ clwsf/ ;DkGg agfO{ ;]jf
k|jfxdf k|efjsfl/tf Nofpg] u/L sfd st{Jo ;'lglZrt ul/g]5 .
!)=@$ ;/sf/n] ;+rfng ug]{ cf}Bf]lus ljifosf cg';Gwfg / ;Lk
ljsf; tflndnfO{ pknJwLd"ns agfpg To:tf sfo{j|mdx?nfO{
PsLs[t ul/g]5 .
!)=@% ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] :yfkgf ug]{ pBf]ux?nfO{ s/ ;x'lnotsf]
dfWodaf6 k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
!)=@^ ;fj{hlgs, lghL / ;xsf/L If]qsf] ;fem]bf/Lsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ c+lusf/
u/L sfo{sz
' ntf a9fpgsf nflu pBf]u dGqfno cGt{ut u7g x'g]
;ldlt, k|flws/0f, af]8{ cflb lgsfox?df lghL If]qsf] ;fy} ;xsf/L
If] q sf Jofj;flos JolQmx?sf] klg ;+ n Ugtf u/fOg] 5 .
!)=@& pBf]u Joj;fodf k/]sf] ;d:ofsf] ;'gj' fO u/L ;d:of ;dfwfgsf]
nflu kxn ug{ pBf]u dGqfnodf Pp6f 5'} clwsf/ ;DkGg
pRr:t/Lo PsfOsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
!)=@* cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo jGb ug{ kfpg] u/L ;/n / ;xh jlxu{dgsf]
Joj:yf ul/g]5 / jlxu{dg;DjGwL lgj]bg k/]sf] # dlxgfleq
cfb] z lbO{ sfof{ G jog ug] { Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@%&

!)=@( lghL:t/df lgdf{0f x'g] cf}Bf]lus If]q tyf lghL pBf]unfO{


cfjZos kg]{ hUuf pknJw u/fpgsf nflu sfg"gL Joj:yfnfO{
;/n t'Nofpg] / ;/sf/sf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] hUuf To:tf cf}Bf]lus
If]qsf nflu lnhdf pknAw u/fOg]5 .
!)=#) hn ljB't cfof]hgf, vfgLhGo pBf]u, ko{6g, ef}lts k"jf{wf/
lgdf{0fdf :jb]zL Pj+ ljb]zL k"FhLnfO{ cfs{if0f ug{ cfjZos
;+:yfut, gLltut + ;'wf/sf ;fy} k|f]T;fxgsf] Joj:yf ldnfOg]
5.
!)=#! Product Outsourcing sf nflu cfjZos x'g] s/f/ (SubContracting) sfg"gsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
!)=#@ gofF gofF If]qdf gofF k|ljlw ;lxtsf] nufgL k|fT] ;fxg ug{ pBf]u
Joj;fon] cg';Gwfg / ljsf; (Research & Development)
df u/]sf] vr{nfO{ cfos/ of]Uo /sdaf6 s6\6f ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf
ldnfOg]5 .
!)=## cf}Bf]lus / Jofkfl/s ljifo;Da4 ljjfbsf] ;Daf]wg ug{ jfl0fHo
Ohnf;x?sf] ;+Vof a9fOg]5 .
!)=#$ l5d]sL d'n's nufot ljZjsf cGo d'n'ssf cf}Bf]lus gLlt
tyf ljb]zL nufgL gLltsf] cWoog u/L ;f] cfwf/df g]kfnn]
cjnDag ug'{kg]{ gLlt Pj+ /0fgLltsf] l;kmfl/z ug{ ljz]if1
;d"xsf] u7g ul/g]5 .
!)=#% cf}Bf]lus k|lti7fgx?sf] sfg"gL bfloTjnfO{ ;Lldt ug]{ cjwf/0ffnfO{
cfTd;ft u/L ;f]xLcg'?k alxu{dg, shf{ k|jfx tyf c;"nL k|lqmof;Fu
;fd~h:o sfod x' g ] u /L cfjZos sfg" g L ;' w f/ ug] { .
!)=#^ ljleGg cf}Bf]lus If]q tyf cf}Bf]lus sf]l/8/x?df :yfgLo
gu/kflnsf;Fu ;dGjo u/L cfw'lgs cUgL lgoGq0f oGqsf]
Joj:yf ul/g]5]{ .
!)=#& cf}Bf]lus If]q, cf}Bf]lus sf]l/8/ nufotsf pBf]u k|lti7fgnfO{
k|fyldstf lbO{ ljB't cfk"lt{ ug{ cfjZos k|jGw ldnfOg]5 .
@%*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

p2]Zo &=% ;Fu ;DalGwt /0fgLlt -&=% cf}Bf]lus af}l4s ;DklQ


clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ ._
!)=#* cfgf] lgoGq0f / :jfldTjdf ePsf] 6]8dfs{ k|of]u u/L cGo
pBf]uaf6 ;d]t ;f]xL 6]8dfs{df s/f/ jf k'gM s/f/df j:t'
pTkfbg u/fpg ;lsg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
!)=#( s'g} pBf]un] :jb]zleq jf ljb]zdf cjl:yt csf]{ pBf]usf] nflu
s/f/df dfWolds j:t' pTkfbg ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
!)=$) af}l4s ;DklQ clwsf/sf] ;a} ljwfnfO{ PsLs[t u/L af}l4s
;DklQ ;+/If0f, lgodg / Joj:yfkgsf nflu 5'66\ } ;Ifd k|flws/0f
:yfkgf ul/g]5 .
!!= n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u;DaGwL ljz]if /0fgLlt M
!!=! n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] k|j4{g, ljsf; / lj:tf/sf]
sfo{qmd ;~rfng ubf{ ;fdflhs kl/rfng ;d]tsf] dfWodjf6
ug]{ u/L k|fyldstfsf] cfwf/df :yfg / nlIft ;d"xsf] klxrfg
ul/g]5 .
!!=@ n3' tyf 3/]n' pBdLx?nfO{ ;Dej eP;Dd ;d"xdf cfj4 u/L
pBdzLntf tyf ;Lk ljsf; tfnLd, pko'Qm k|ljlwsf] 5gf}6,
pTkfbg Joj:yfkg, k"+hLdf kx'r / ahf/ Joj:yfkgdf ;d]t
;xof]u k'ofpg PsLs[t Joj;fo ljsf; ;]jf k|bfg ug]{
Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
!!=# n3' pBdL, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]uLx?nfO{ jhf/ dfudf cfwfl/t
u'0f:t/Lo j:t' pTkfbg ug{ Ifdtf ljsf; tyf pTkfbsTj
clej[ l 4 u/L k| l t:kwL{ aGg k| f ] T ;flxt ul/g] 5 .
!!=$ n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux?nfO{ n3' 3/]n' tyf ;fgf
pBf]u ljsf; sf]if, u|fdL0f :jfjnDjg sf]if, Equity Fund,
Credit Guarantee Fund nufot ljleGg sf]ifx? dfkm{t
ljQLo kxF'rsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
!!=% ;fd'bflos jf ;xsf/L n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u u|fdx?df
/x]sf pBf]ux?jf6 pTkflbt x'g] j:t'x?sf] 5'} klxrfgsf nflu
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@%(

;fd'lxs lrGx -sn]S6Le dfs{ btf{ u/fO{ o;sf] k|of]ujf6 jhf/


k|j4{g ug{ ;xof]u k'ofOg]5 .
!!=^ Ps ufpF Ps pTkfbg (One Village One Product)
sfo{ q mdnfO{ cleofgsf] ?kdf cufl8 j9fOg] 5 .
!!=& n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos x'g]
k"h
F L lgdf{0f ug{sf] lgldQ To:tf pBdLx?nfO{ jrt ug{ k|fT] ;flxt
u/L ax' p 2] Z oLo ;xsf/Ldf cfj4 x' g pTk| ] l /t ul/g] 5 .
!!=* n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] ;d'lrt ljsf;sf nflu
o:tf pBf]ux?sf] k|ltlglwd"ns ;+:yfx? dfkm{t ;d]t k|fljlws,
k/fdz{ tyf cg'udg ;]jf pknJw u/fpg] Joj:yf ldnfOg]
5 . o; k|of]hgsf nflu 5ftf ;+:yfx?sf] ;+:yfut ljsf;sf]
nflu k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
!!=( n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux?jf6 pTkflbt j:t' jf ;]jfsf]
jhf/ k|j4{g ul/g]5 . demf}nf tyf 7"nf pBf]ux?;Fu k[i7
(Backward) / cu| (Forward) cGt/;DjGw (Linkages)
sfod u/fO{ 7"nf tyf demf}nf pBf]ux?n] k|of]u ug]{ ;xfos
j:t'x? pTkfbg ug]{ u/L n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux?nfO{
;xfos pBf]u (Ancillary Industries) sf] ?kdf ljsf; u/L
pTkfbg u/fpg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
!!=!) n3' pBd / 3/]n' pBf]usf] pTkfbgsf] ahf/ k|j4{gdf ;xof]u
k'ofpg lghL If]q, ;xsf/L If]q / :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] ;+nUgtfdf
ljleGg txdf ljqmL s]Gb| tyf sf]zn
] L 3/x?sf] :yfkgf / ljsf;df
hf]8 lbOg]5 .
!!=!! n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]uaf6 pTkflbt j:t'x?sf] lgof{t
k|j4{g ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu hf/L ul/Psf] lgof{t u[xsf] :yfkgf
tyf ;+rfng cfb]z, @)^! nfO{ kl/dfh{g;lxt k|efjsf/L
sfof{Gjogsf] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
!!=!@ n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] k|j4{gsf nflu ;"rgf k|ljlw
(Information Technology) sf] pkof]u ug{ ;xsf/L tyf
lghL If]q ;d]tsf] ;xefuLtfdf ljleGg txdf ;"rgf k|ljlw s]Gb|
@^)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

(Information Technology Hub) x? ;+rfngdf NofOg]


5g\ . oL s]Gb| (Hub) x? dfkm{t ;+rf/sf ;a} dfWodx? (5fkf,

/]l8of], 6]lnlehg, OG6/g]6 cfbL_ k|of]u u/L n3' pBd, 3/]n'


tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos x'g] ;a} k[i7
(Backward) / cu| (Forward) ;"rgfx? ;Dk|i] f0f ug]{ Joj:yf
ldnfOg]5] .
!!=!# n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] cf}Bf]lus ;DklQ ;+/If0f
ug{'sf ;fy} To;f] ubf{ nfUg] b:t'/df ;x'lnot k|bfg ul/g]5 .
!!=!$ n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] pTkfbgsf] ljqmLnfO{
k|fT] ;fxg ug{ ;/sf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/L lgsfox?nfO{ o:tf j:t'
vl/b ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
!!=!% s[lif, jg, ko{6g / vfgLdf cfwfl/t n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf
pBf]ux?sf] k|j4{g ug{ ljBdfg s[lif, jg, ko{6g / vfgL gLlt
tyf P]gsf] clwgdf /xL sRrf kbfy{ ;+sng jf pTvgg\ tyf
cfk"lt{ Joj:yfnfO{ ;/nLs[t ul/g]5 .
!!=!^ n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux?sf] k|j4{g / ljsf; ug{
;/sf/L, ;xsf/L / lghL If]q ;d]tsf] ;fem]bf/Ldf k|j4{gfTds
sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
!!=!& n3' pBd / 3/]n' pBf]ux?df x'g] nufgL g]kfnL gful/ssf nflu
cf/If0f ug]{ t/ k|ljlw tyf jhf/ k|j4{g ;]jf pknJw u/fpg
eg] ljb]zL nufgLstf{nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
!!=!* n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]unfO{ k|bfg ul/g] ;]jf, ;'ljwf
/ ;x' l notx? Pp6} ynf] j f6 pknJw u/fOg] 5 .
!!=!( pBf]ux?nfO{ k|bfg ul/g] Joj;fo ljsf; ;]jf (BDS) sf nflu
Joj;fo ljsf; ;]jf k|bfos (Business Development
Service Provider-BDSP) ;+:yfx?sf] ;]jf lng] Joj:yf
ul/g] 5 . o;sf nflu lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
!!=@) lghL If]qsf 5ftf ;+:yf g]kfn 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u dxf;+3,
g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3 / /fli6o n3' pBdL ;d"x;+3
nufotsf ;+:yfx?;Fusf] ;xsfo{df ljz]if u/L s[lif / u}/ sfi7
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@^!

aghGo sRrf kbfy{ / k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t Jojzfo ;Dj4{g s]Gb|x?


(Business Incubation Center) ;+rfngdf NofOg]5 .
!!=@! Joj;fo ;Dj4{g ;]jf -Business Incubation Service_ dfkm{t
n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux?df k|ltefzfnL ;[hgzLn o'jf
/ dlxnfnfO{ cfslif{ t ug{ ljz] i f Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
!!=@@ Joj;fo ;Dj4{g ;]jf (Business Incubation Service) sf]
r/0f kf/ u/]sf pBdLx?sf nflu pBf]u ;+rfngdf ;xof]u k'ofpg
Angel Fund / Venture Capital Fund sf] Joj:yf u/L
pgLx? Dffkm{t /f]huf/L ;[hgfsf] sfo{qmd cufl8 a9fOg]5 .
!!=@# lghLIf]qsf 5ftf ;+:yf g]kfn 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u dxf;+3,
g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3 / /fli6o n3' pBdL ;d"x;+3
nufot cGo /fli6o:t/sf j:t'ut ;+:yfx?;Fusf ;xsfo{df
;+efJotf tyf k|fyldstfsf] cfwf/df ljleGg :yfgdf If]qLo
:t/sf n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf cf}Bf]lus u|fd tyf j:t'
ljsf; s]Gb| (Product Development Centers) :yfkgf
ul/g]5 .
!!=@$ n3' pBdLx?nfO{ PsLs[t ?kdf ;]jf k|bfg ug{ / pgLx?sf]
pTkfbg tyf jhf/ ;]jfsf nflu cfjZos x'g] k"jf{wf/df ;xof]u
k'ofpg pko'Qm :yfgx?df ;fd'bflos;femf ;]jf s]Gb|x? :yfkgf
ul/g]5 .
!!=@% n3', 3/]n' tyf ;fgf :t/sf dlxnf pBdLx?nfO{ j}+ls tyf
;xsf/L ;+:yfdfkm{t ;/n / ;'ne tl/sfaf6 ;d"xut C0f k|bfg
ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
!@= cf}Bf]lus Joj;fosf] kl/efiff / jlu{s/0f
!@=! kl/efiff
s'g} JolQm, kmd{ jf sDkgLn] cfocfh{g ug]{ p2]Zo lnO{ j:t'
pTkfbg jf ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ cfly{s s[ofsnfknfO{ o; gLltsf]
k|of]hgsf] nflu cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo Dfflgg]5 .
@^@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!@=@ cf}Bf]lus Joj;fonfO{ pTkfbg k|sl[ t tyf ;]jfsf] cfwf/df b]xfo


adf]lhd juL{s/0f ul/Psf] 5 M
!@=@=! s[lif tyf jg k}bfjf/df cfwfl/t pBf]u
s[lif jf jg k}bfjf/df cfwfl/t sRrf kbfy{af6 pTkflbt
jf k|zf]lwt cg';"rL-! df pNn]v ul/Psf Joj;fox?,
!@=@=@ pTkfbgd"ns pBf]u
tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] d"No clej[l4 u/L sRrf kbfy{ jf cw{
k|zf]lwt sRrf kbfy{ jf v]/ uO/x]sf] j:t' k|of]u u/L jf
k| z f] w g u/L dfn;fdfg pTkfbg ug] { pBf] u ,
!@=@=# lgsf;Ld"ns pBf]u
cfgf] s"n pTkfbgsf] %! k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf j9L dfqf
ljb]zdf lgof{t ug]{] pBf]u,
!@=@=$ phf{d"ns pBf]u
hn;|ft] , jfo', ;f}oz
{ lQm, sf]Onf, k|fs[lts t]n tyf UofF;,
jfof] UofF; tyf cGo ;|f]taf6 phf{ k}bf ug]{ pBf]u,
!@=@=% vfgLhGo pBf]u
wft' tyf cwft' vlgh (Metallic and Non-Metallic
Minerals) pTvgg tyf k| z f] w g ug] { pBf] u ,
!@=@=^ ko{6g pBf]u
ko{6sx?nfO{ ;]jf k'ofpg] cg';r
" L-@ df pNn]v u/LPsf
Joj;fox?,
!@=@=& lgdf{0f pBf]u
ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f u/L ;~rfng ug]{ cg';"rL-# df
pNn]v ul/Psf Joj;fox?,
!@=@=* ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ k|ljlw pBf]u
;"rgf ;+sng, k|zf]wg / k|;f/0fsf] nflu k|ljlw k|of]u
u/L ;"rgf, 1fg tyf ;~rf/ ;]jf k'ofpg] cg';'rL$
df pNn]v ul/Psf cf}Bf]lus Joj;fox?,
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@^#

!@=@=( ;]jf pBf]u (Service Industries)


cg' ; " r L% df pNn] v ul/Psf pBf] u Joj;fox?,
!@=# nufgL / k|s[ltsf] cfwf/df pBf]usf] juL{s/0f b]xfo adf]lhd
ul/Psf] 5 M
!@=#=! n3' pBd (Micro Enterprises)
o; gLltsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu n3' pBd eGgfn] b]xfosf
zt{ k"/f u/]sf] Joj;fo ;Demg' k5{ M
=

3/ hUuf afx]s a9Ldf b'O{ nfv ?k}+of;Dd :yL/


k'FhL nufgL x'g],

pBdL :jo+ Joj:yfkgdf ;+ n Ug /x] s f] ,

pBdL ;d]t ( hgf;Dd sfdbf/ /x]sf],

aflif{s cfly{s sf/f]jf/ @) nfv ?k}+of eGbf sd


/x]sf], /

OlGhg pks/0f k|of]u x'g] ePdf To:tf] OlGhg jf


pks/0fsf] ljB't df]6/ jf cGo

t]n OGhLg zlQm Ifdtf !) lsnf]jf6 eGbf sd


ePsf] .

:ki6Ls/0f M dfly pNn]lvt zt{x? k'/f u/]tfklg cg'dlt


lng'kg]{ pBf]u Joj;fo, dlb/f, ljo/, r'/f]6 lj8L jf cGo
;"tL{hGo j:t' pTkfbg jf k|of]u x'g] Joj;fonfO{ n3'
pBd dflgg] 5}g . To;}u/L Psk6s n3' pBd Joj;fosf]
?kdf btf{ ePsf pBdn] cGo pBf]usf ?kdf :t/f]Gglt
u/] d f ;f] pBd n3' pBdsf] ju{ d f /xg] 5} g .
!@=#=@ k/Dk/fut tyf cGo 3/]n' pBf]u (Traditional and
Other Cottage Industries)

k/Dk/fut ;Lk / k|ljlw k|of]u ug],{ :yfgLo sRrf kbfy{


Pjd\ :yfgLo k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t cf}hf/ pks/0f pkof]u
ug],{ b]zsf] snf / ;+:s[lt;Fu ;Dj4 / !) lsnf]jf6;Dd
@^$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

ljB't zlQm k|of]u ug]{ cg';"rL ^ df pNn]v ul/Psf


pBf]u Joj;fo,
!@=#=# ;fgf pBf]u (Small Scale Industries)
n3' pBd / k/Dk/fut tyf cGo 3/]n' pBf]u afx]s kfFr
s/f]8 ?k}+of;Dd :yL/ h]yf ePsf cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo,
!@=#=$ demf}nf pBf]u (Medium Scale Industies)
kfFr s/f]8 eGbf j9L kGw| s/f]8 ?k}+of;Dd :yL/ h]yf
ePsf cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo,
!@=#=% 7"nf pBf]u (Large Scale Industries)
kGw| s/f]8 ?k}+of eGbf j9L :yL/ h]yf ePsf cf}Bf]lus
Joj;fo,
:ki6Ls/0f M
!_

dfly pNn]lvt pBf]ux?sf] :yL/ h]yf eGgfn] b]xfosf


rn jf crn ;DklQx? kg]{5g\ .

-s_ hldg / hldg ;'wf/ -h:t} hldg ;Dofpg], k'g]{,


kvf{n nufpg] h:tf sfo{x?_,
-v_ :ynLo ef}lts k"jf{wf/x? -h:t} 9n lgsf;, cfGtl/s
;8s_,
-u_

sfof{no, sf/vfgf ejg, uf]bfd 3/, ljB't ljt/0f,


kfgL ljt/0f Joj:yf tyf cfjf; ejgx?,

-3_

oGq, pks/0f tyf cf}hf/x?,

-_

kl/jxgsf ;fwgx?,

-r_

ljB't, pks/0f tyf sfof{no pks/0fx?,

-5_

kmlg{r/, lkmS:r/ tyf kmlg{l;, ;+rf/ Joj:yf tyf


pks/0fx?,

@_

pkbkmf -!_ df pNn]lvt ;DklQx?sf] cltl/Qm


pBf]udf nufgL x'g' eGbf cl3 jf lgdf{0f r/0fsf]

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@^%

ljleGg cj:yfdf x'g] jf ePsf] k"+hLs[t ul/g]


k|fljlws k/fdz{ / ;'k/Lj]If0f vr{, k"j{ nufgL /
k"j{ ;~rfng vr{ tyf lgdf{0f cjlwsf] k"FhLs[t
x'g] Jofh ;d]tnfO{ pBf]usf] :yL/ h]yf elgg]5 .
!#= k|fyldstf k|fKt pBf]u
!#=! cg';r
" L& df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf pBf]unfO{ k|fyldstf k|fKt
pBf]usf] ?kdf tf]lsPsf] 5 .
!#=@ k|fyldstf k|fKt pBf]usf] ;"rLnfO{ k|To]s % jif{df k'g/fjnf]sg
ul/g]5 . ;fy} cf}Bf]lus k|j4{g af]8s
{ f] l;kmfl/;df g]kfn ;/sf/n]
cfjZostfg";f/ ;"rLdf yk36 ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!$= cg'dlt -Permission_
!$=! ;'/Iff, hg:jf:Yo tyf jftfj/0fdf k|lts"n c;/ kfg]{ cg';"rL *
df pNn]v ePsf pBf]ux? jfx]s c? pBf]usf] :yfkgf, lj:tf/
ljljwLs/0f tyf cfw'lgsLs/0f ug{sf] nflu cg'dtL lng'kg]{ 5}g .
!$=@ pBf]u ljefuaf6 cg'dlt lng'kg]{ pBf]ux?sf] xsdf lgj]bg k/]sf]
ldltn] #) lbg leq ljefun] cg'dlt lbg]5 . cg'dlt lbg g;lsg]
sf/0f k/]df Dofb ;lsPsf] # lbg leq cg'dlt glbg'sf] sf/0f
v'nfO{ lgj]bsnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg'kg]{5 .
!$=# cg'dlt k|fKt ug]{n] cg'dltkqdf pNn]lvt zt{sf] kfng u/L
;f]xL cg'dltkqdf tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq pBf]u Joj;fo ;~rfng
ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . dgfl;j sf/0f k/]df jfx]s tf]lsPsf] cjlwdf
pBf]u ;+rfng gu/]df jf zt{ kfng gu/]df cg'dlt vf/]h
ul/g]5 .
!$=$ pBf]u Joj;fodf ljb]zL nufgL ubf{ k|rlnt sfg"g adf}lhd
:jLs[lt lng'kg]{5 .
!%= btf{
!%=! n3' pBd / k/Dk/fut 3/]n' pBf]un] ;~rfng u/]sf] Ps
dlxgfleq ;+lIfKt ljj/0f;lxt :yfgLo lgsfodf hfgsf/L lbg'
kg]{5 . o:tf] hfgsf/Lsf] clen]v :yfgLo lgsfon] /fVg]5 .
@^^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!%=@ cg'dlt lng' gkg]{ cGo pBf]un] /Ltk"j{s cfj]bg lbPsf] ldltn]
!% lbgleq ;DalGwt lgsfon] pBf]u btf{ u/L lbg]5 . s'g}
sf/0faf6 pBf]u btf{ x'g g;Sg] ePdf To:tf] lgsfon] ;f]sf]
sf/0f v'nfO{ lgj]bsnfO{ # lbg leq hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
!%=# cg';"rL* df pNn]v ePsf cg'dlt lng' kg]{ pBf]u / cg'dlt
lng' gkg]{ cGo pBf]usf] btf{ pBf]usf] k|sl[ t tyf Ifdtf cg';f/
jftfj/0f ;+/If0f P]g tyf jftfj/0f ;+/If0f f{godfjnLn] tf]s]
jdf]lhd k|f/lDes jftfj/0f k/LIf0f -Initial Environment
Examination-IEE) jf jftfj/0fLo k| e fj d" N of+ s g Environmental Impact Assessment-EIA) k|ltj]bg pBf]u
btf{ ug]{ lgsfodf k]z ug{' kg]{5 .
!%=$ pBf]u btf{ ug]{ lgsfon] cfjlws ?kdf pBf]usf] l:ylt af/]
cg'udg u/L pBf]un] rfx]df k/fdz{ lbO ;~rfngsf] nflu ;3fp
k'ofpg]5 . dgfl;j sf/0f jfx]s tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq pBf]u
;~rfngdf cfPsf] /x]g5 eg] btf{ / cg'dlt vf/]h ul/g]5 .
!%=% g]kfn ;/sf/n] k|f/lDes jftfj/0f k/LIf0f -Initial Environment
Examination-IEE) jf jftfj/0fLo k| e fj d" N of+ s g
-Environmental Impact Assessment-EIA) ;DaGwL
If] q ut (Sectoral) dfkb08x? th' { d f ug{ ;DalGwt
dGqfnolgsfoaLr cfjZos ;dGjo ul/g] 5 .
!^= n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] k|zf;g ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M
!^=! n3' pBd ;+rfng u/]sf] Ps dlxgfleq pBdLn] pBdsf] ;lIfKt
ljj/0f;lxt :yfgLo lgsfo -uf=lj=;= jf g=kf=_ df hfgsf/L
lbg'kg]{5 . pBdLn] rfx]df tf]lsPsf] z'Ns lnO{ To:tf lgsfon]
pBd btf{ u/L k|df0fkq lbg]5 . o:tf] hfgsf/Lsf] clen]v
:yfgLo lgsfon] lhNnfl:yt 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljsf;
;ldltsf] sfof{nonfO{ dfl;s ?kdf pknJw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
{ cfj]bg lbPsf] ldltn]
!^=@ cg'dlt lng' gkg]{ cGo pBf]un] /Ltk"js
!% lbgleq ;DalGwt lgsfon] pBf]u btf{ u/L lbg]5 . s'g}
sf/0fjf6 pBf]u btf{ x'g g;Sg] ePdf To:tf] lgsfon] ;f]sf]
sf/0f v'nfO{ lgj]bsnfO{ # lbg leq hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@^&

!^=# cg';"rL* df pNn]lvt cg'dlt lng' kg]{ pBf]u jfx]s cGo


3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] btf{ tyf gjLs/0f lhNnfl:yt 3/]n'
tyf ;fgf pBf] u ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{ n on] ug] { 5 .
!^=$ jftfj/0f Joj:yfkg k|of]hgsf nflu n3' pBd / k/Dk/fut
3/]n' pBf]un] cfgf] ljj/0f lb+bf kfgLsf] d'xfg, kmf]xf]/ d}nf
lgisf;g jf/]df ;d]t ;fdfGo hfgsf/L dfq lbP k'U5 t/ ;fgf
pBf]usf] xsdf eg] k|rlnt jftfj/0f ;+/If0f P]g tyf lgodfjnLdf
Joj:yf cg' ; f/ k| f /lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f (Initial
Environmental Examination) dfq ug'{ kg]{ / gePsf]df
hfgsf/L lbP dfq k'Ug]5 .
!^=% kxf8L lhNnfx?df pBf]u btf{ ubf{ xfn jg If]qsf] ;Ldfaf6 !
ls=dL= 6f9f x'g' kg]{ eGg] Joj:yfnfO{ k'g/fjnf]sg u/L pko'Qm
;Ldf+ s gnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL btf{ ug] { Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
!&= ;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnot
pBf]usf] ljsf; tyf k|j4{gsf nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf ;'ljwf / ;x'lnot
k|bfg ul/g]5M
-s_

cfos/ 5"6sf] ;'ljwf / ;x'lnotM

!&=! ;a} k|sf/sf ;"tL{ / dlb/fhGo kbfy{ pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u / sTyf
pBf]u afx]s cGo ljz]if pBf]uaf6 cflh{t cfodf nfUg] s/sf]
skf]{/]6 b/df % k|ltzt ljGb'n] sd x'g]5 .
!&=@ ;a} k|sf/sf ;'tL{ / dlb/fhGo kbfy{ pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u / sTyf
pBf]u afx]s cg';"rL ( df pNn]lvt clt cljsl;t If]qdf
:yflkt pBf]un] sf/f]jf/ z'? u/]sf] ldltn] bz jif{;Dd nfUg]
cfos/ gAa] k|ltzt 5'6 kfpg]5 .
!&=# ;a} k|sf/sf ;'tL{ / dlb/fhGo kbfy{ pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u / sTyf
pBf]u afx]s cGo cg';r
" L !) df pNn]v ePsf cljs;Lt If]qdf
:yflkt pBf]unfO{ sf/f]jf/ ;'? u/]sf] ldltn] bz jif{;Dd c;L
k|ltzt cfos/ 5'6 x'g]5 .
!&=$ ;a} k|sf/sf ;'tL{ / dlb/fhGo kbfy{ pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u / sTyf
pBf]u afx]s cGo cg';"rL !! df pNn]v ePsf sd ljsl;t
@^*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

If]qdf :yflkt pBf]unfO{ sf/f]jf/ ;'? u/]sf] ldltn] bz jif{;Dd


;Q/L k|ltzt cfos/ 5'6 x'g]5 .
!&=% cg';r
" L ( df pNn]v ePsf lhNnfdf :yflkt kmnk"mndf cfwfl/t
jl9df !@ k|ltzt;Dd cNsf]xn sG6]G6 ePsf ;fO8\/ Pjd\
jfOg pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]unfO{ ;d]t sf/f]jf/ ;'? u/]sf] ldltn]
bz jif{ ; Dd rfln; k| l tzt cfos/ 5' 6 x' g ] 5 .
!&=^ ;a} k|sf/sf ;'tL{ / dlb/fhGo kbfy{ pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u / sTyf
pBf]u afx]s cg';r
" L & df pNn]v ePsf k|fyldstf k|fKt pBf]u
dWo] hnljB't pTkfbg tyf ljt/0f, vlgh pTvgg\, :yfgLo
sRrf kbfy{ k|of]u u/L lSn/ jf lSn/ jgfO{ l;d]G6 pTkfbg
ug]{ -l;d]G6 pBf]u_, k]6f l] nod tyf k|fs[lts UofF; cGj]if0f tyf
pTvgg\ pBf]unfO{ sf/f]jf/ ;'? u/]sf] ldltn] ;ft jif{ ;Dd
cfos/df gAa] k|ltzt 5'6 lbOg]5 .
!&=* cg';"rL $ df pNn]v ePsf ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ k|ljlw pBf]u
;"rgf k|ljlw kfs{ leq :yfkgf u/]df nfUg] cfos/sf] krf;
k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .
!&=( s'g} ;fgf pBf]un] Go"gtd ^ dlxgfeGbf j9L !)) hgfeGbf j9L
lgoldt :jb]zL sfdbf/, demf}nf pBf]un] @)) hgf / 7"nf
pBf]un] %)) hgf eGbf a9L JolQmnfO{ k|ToIf /f]huf/L lbPdf
To:tf pBf]un] To; jif{ nfUg] cfos/df yk @% k|ltzt 5'6
kfpg]5 . ;fy} To:tf pBf]un] k|ToIf /f]huf/L lbg] ;+Vofsf] %)
k|ltzt :jb]zL dlxnf jf blnt jf ckftf ePsf JolQm
sfdbf/x?nfO{ k|ToIf /f]huf/L lbPdf To:tf pBf]un] To; aif{df
nfUg] cfos/df $) k|ltzt 5'6 kfpg]5 .
!&=!) pBf]un] cfk\mgf] >lds tyf sd{rf/Lsf] lb3{sfnLg lxt Pj+
enfO{sf] nflu u/]sf vr{x? h:t} cfjf; Joj:yf, hLjg aLdf,
:jf:Yo ;'ljwf, lzIff tyf tflnd, lzz' :ofxf/ s]Gb| / zf/Ll/s
tGb'?:tLsf nflu v]ns"bJofofddf u/]sf] vr{ cfos/ k|of]hgsf]
nflu vr{ sL ug{ kfpg]5 . ;fy} pBf]un] xf]rfk'8\sf nufot
ckftf ePsf JolQmxnfO{ /f]huf/L k|bfg u/]df To:tf
sfdbf/x?nfO{ e'QmfgL lbPsf] tnj cflb vr{ cfos/ k|of]hgsf
nflu sf ug{ kfOg]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@^(

!&=!! s'g} pBf]un] phf{ vkt 36fpg ;3fp k'ofpg] oGq pks/0fdf
nufgL u/]sf] vr{, k|bi" f0f lgoGq0f / jftfj/0fdf sd c;/ kfg]{
k4ltsf] h8fgdf ePsf] k'FhLut vr{, k|ljlw / k|s[ofdf ePsf]
vr{ cfos/ k|of]hgsf] nflu vr{ s6\6f ug{ kfOg]5 . o:tf]
;'ljwf Ps} k6s jf % -kfFr_ jif{leq pkof]u u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 .
!&=!@ cfos/ lgwf{/0f k|of]hgsf] nflu pBf]usf] s"n ljqmL cfosf] kfFr
k|ltzt;Dd /sd pTkfbsTj clej[l4sf] nflu pBdzLntf
clej[l4 / ;Lk ljsf; tflnd, cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; / gofF
k|ljlw k|fKt ug{ vr{ ug{ kfOg]5 .
!&=!# cfos/ k|of]hgsf] nflu ahf/ k|j4{g, ;j]I{ f0f / lj1fkg cflbsf]
nflu s"n ljqmL cfosf] bz k|ltzt ;Dd vr{ ug{ kfOg]5 .
!&=!$pBf]usf] ef}lts ;DklQsf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu u/]sf] u/]sf] vr{ /sd
/ o;sf] aLdf jfkt lt/]sf] lk|dLod s/ of]Uo cfoaf6 36fpg
kfOg]5 .
!&=!% /fli6|\o k|fyldstf k|fKt pBf]un] :yL/ h]yfsf] x|f; sL ubf{
k|rlnt cfos/ P]gdf pNn]lvt b/df ;f]xL b/sf] Ps ltxfO yk
u/L sf ug{ kfpg]5 .
!&=!^ pBf]un] ;f]xL pBf]udf jf c? s'g} pBf]udf k'gM nufgL u/L
pBf]usf] ljljlws/0f jf kRrL; k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf j9L hl8t
Ifdtf lj:tf/ u/]df, k|ljlwsf] cfw'lgsLs/0f u/]df jf ;xfos
pBf]usf] ljsf; u/]df o:tf] k'gM nufgLaf6 ;[lht yk :yL/
h]yfsf] $) k|ltzt s/ k|of]hgsf] nflu sL ug{ kfpg]5 . o:tf]
5'6 /sd Psd'i6 Ps} jif{df jf kfFr jif{leq sL ug{ kfpg]5 .
!&=!& pBf]un] g]kfndf btf{ ePsf] jf}l4s ;DklQ cGtu{tsf] cf}Bf]lus
;DklQsf] ;+/If0f ubf{ nfu]sf] vr{ cfos/ k|of]hgsf] nflu vr{
n]Vg kfpg]5 . af}l4s ;DklQsf] lgof{taf6 k|fKt x'g] cfodf
lgof{t ;/xsf] 5'6 lbOg]5 . af}l4s ;DklQ ;+/If0fsf nflu
ljb]zdf btf{ ubf{ nfu]sf] z'Nssf] %) k|ltzt ;/sf/n] Joxf]g]{
5 . To:t} af}l4s ;DklQsf] ljqmLaf6 k|fKt cfonfO{ nfef+zdf
nfUg] b/sf] cfos/ dfq nufOg]5 .
@&)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!&=!* k|fs[lts k|sf]k p4f/, ;fdflhs If]qdf lbPsf] tf]lsP adf]lhdsf]


/sdsf] rGbf / ;xof]u cfos/ k|of]hgsf] nflu 5'6 x'g]5 .
!&=!( ;xsf/Lsf] ?kdf :yfkgf ul/g] tf]lsPsf pBf]ux?sf] cfodf
nfUg] cfo s/sf] b/ ;fdfGo cfo s/sf] b/ eGbf %) k|ltzt
sd x'g] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
!&=@) 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]un] 7"nf tyf demf}nf pBf]ux?;Fu lnlvt
;Demf}tf u/L To:tf pBf]unfO{ cfjZos x'g] ;xfos j:t'x?
pTkfbg ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . o;/L ;Demf}tf u/]sf ;xfos j:t' pTkfbg
ug]{ pBf]un] klg cGo pBf]unfO{ ;xpTkfbgsf nflu pk
;Demf}tf u/L j:t' cfk"lt{ ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . o;/L ;xfos j:t'sf]
pTkfbg u/fPdf To:tf ;xfos j:t'sf] k|of]uaf6 tof/ ul/Psf]
j:t'sf] ljqmLaf6 x'g] v'b cfDbfgLsf] %) k|ltzt c+zdf cfos/
5'6 x'g]5 .
-v_

eG;f/ dxz"n, cGtMz'Ns tyf d"No clej[l4 s/df ;'ljwf /


;x'lnotM

!&=@! d'ns
' leq pTkflbt j:t' ljb]z lgsf;L u/]df cGtMz'Ns / d"No
clej[l4 s/ nfUg] 5}g .
!&=@@ lgof{td"ns pBf]u, lgof{t k|j4{g u[x / ljz]if cfly{s If]qsf
pBf]un] c? s'g} pBf]u;Fu s/f/ (Sub-Contracting) u/L
lgsf;Lsf] nflu j:t' pTkfbg u/fpg kfpFg5
] g\ . o;/L pTkfbg
u/fPsf] j:t'df k|of]u x'g] sRrf kbfy{, ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ tyf
Kofs]lh ;fdfu|Ldf nfu]sf] eG;f/ dxz'n, cGtMz'Ns tyf d"No
clej[l4 s/ lgof{t ePsf] kl/df0fsf] cfwf/df lgsf;Lstf{n]
tf]lsP adf]lhd lkmtf{ kfpg] 5 .
!&=@# lgsf;L u/] jfkt kfpg] 8\o6" L 8 Aofs ;'ljwfnfO{ ;/n jgfpg
p:t} k|sl[ tsf pBf]ux?sf] xsdf sRrf kbfy{ vktsf] cfwf/df
;db/ lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 . o:tf] /sd lgsf;L sf/f]jf/ u/]sf]
a}s
+ af6} lkmtf{ kfpg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . ;db/ lgwf{/0f x'g g;s]sf
pBf]ux?sf] xsdf xfn k|rngdf /x]sf] lgoldt k|s[ofnfO{ klg
lg/Gt/tf lbOg]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@&!

!&=@$pBf]un] kfpg] 8\o'6L 8 Aofssf] ;'ljwf lgsf;L kl/df0fsf]


cfwf/df lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] $% lbgleq lgsf;Lstf{nfO{
clgjfo{ ?kdf pknAw u/fOg]5 .
!&=@% pBf]un] cGt/f{li6o jf]nkqdf ;xefuL eO{ d'n's leq ljb]zL
d'b|f cfh{g x'g] u/L ljqmL u/]sf] cfgf] pTkfbg jf ;]jfnfO{
Deemed Export ;/x lgof{tdf kfpg] 8\o6' L 8 Jofssf] ;'ljwf
pknAw u/fOg]5 . o:tf] ;'ljwf lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] $% lbgleq
pknJw u/fOg]5 .
!&=@^ ljb]zL d'b|f cfh{g x'g] u/L :jb]z leq} cfk\mgf] pTkfbg ljqmL
u/]df To:tf] pTkfbgdf nfu]sf] z'Ns, dxz'n / k|of]u ePsf]
sRrf kbfy{, ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ tyf Kofs]lh d]6l/ondf
nfu]sf] eG;f/ dxz'n, cGtMz'Ns, d"No clej[l4 s/ pTkfbgdf
nfu]sf] kl/df0fsf] cfwf/df lgof{t ;/x (Deemed Export)
dfgL lkmtf{ lbOg]5 . o:tf] ;'ljwf lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] $%
lbgleq pknJw u/fOg]5 .
!&=@& cw{ k|zf]lwt jf cw{tof/L dfWolds j:t' pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]un]
cfk\mgf] pTkfbg csf]{ d"n j:t' tof/ ug]{ pBf]unfO{ ljqmL u/]df
To:tf] j:t'df nfu]sf] cGtMz'Ns Pjd\ d"No clej[l4 s/ d"n
j:t' pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]un] k|of]u u/]sf] kl/df0fsf] cfwf/df s/sf]
lx;fj ;dfof]hg ug{ kfpg] 5 . t/ of] ;'ljwf pkef]u ug{ tL
pBf]u d"No clej[l4 s/ jf cGtMz'Ns k|of]hgsf] nflu btf{
ePsf] x'g'kg]{5 .
!&=@*pBf]usf] cfk\mgf] pTkfbgsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ sRrf kbfy{,
;xfos sRrf kbfy{, Kofs]lh ;fdfu|Ldf nfUg] eG;f/ dxz'n
To:tf] sRrf kbfy{af6 pTkfbg x'g] tof/L j:t'sf] cfoftdf nfUg]
eG;f/ b/ eGbf ;fdfGotof Ps tx -Slab_ sd ug{ ;lsg]
5 . Go"gtd ! k|ltzt eGbf sd eG;f/ b/ /x]sf] j:t'sf]
cfoftsf] xsdf Go"gtd @% k|ltzt sd x'g] u/L eG;f/ b/
sfod ul/g]5 .
!&=@( pBf]un] cfk\mgf] k|of]hgsf] nflu cfoft ug]{ d]lzg/L, 6fG;kmd{/,
h]g/]6/, cf}Bf]lus pks/0f tyf cf}hf/df Ps k|ltzt dfq eG;f/
@&@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

dxz'n nfUg]5 . ;fy} u'0f:t/ dfkg k|of]uzfnfx?n] cfoft ug]{


d]lzg/L, j}1flgs pks/0f / pBf]u lj:tf/sf] nflu yk d]lzg/L
tyf pks/0f nufot cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; (R&D) sf] nflu
Nofpg] d]lzg/L tyf pks/0fdf ;d]t ! k|ltzt eG;f/ dxz'n
nfUg]5 / d"No clej[l4 s/ tyf cGtMz'Ns nfUg] 5}g .
-u_

yk ;'ljwf, ;x'lnot Pj+ ;'lglZrttfM

!&=#) o; gLltdf pNn]v ePsf pBf]un] kfpg] ;'ljwf ;x'lnotnfO{


sfg"gf/f ;'lglZrt ul/g]5 . gLltdf pNn]v ePsf juL{s/0f,
clt cljsl;t, cljsl;t / sd ljsl;t If] q sf] ;' l jwf
;x'lnot;DaGwL ;'rL / Joj:yfdf x]/k]m/ jf yk36 ePdf o;
gLlt sfof{Gjogsf] nflu jg]sf] sfg"gn] tf]ss
] f] cjlw;Ddsf nflu
ljgfcj/f]w To:tf ;'ljwf pkef]u ug{ kfpg] ;'lglZrttf k|bfg
ul/g] 5 . s'g} pBf]un] Ps} ;dodf Ps eGbf a9L k|sf/sf] 5'6
kfpg ;Sg] cj:yf ePdf pBf]un] /f]h]sf] a9L 5'6 kfpg]5 .
!&=#! o; gLlt cGtu{t k|fKt x'g] ;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnotx? tf]lsPsf]
cjlw;Ddsf] nflu kl/jt{g ul/g] 5}g .
!&=#@ pBf]un] cfg} k|of]hgsf] nflu pTkfbg u/]sf] ljB'tdf /f]oN6L
nfUg] 5}g . ;fy} pBf]un] ljB't zlQm ljqmL ug{ rfx]df ahf/df
k|rlnt b/df /fli6o u|L8df hf]8\g lbg] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
!&=## s'g} k|fyldstf k|fKt pBf]u jf g]kfndf :jLs[t k]60] 6sf] k|ljlw
k|of]u u/L ;f] cg'?k :yfkgf ePsf pBf]ux?nfO{ cf}Bf]lus k|j4{g
jf]8{sf] l;kmfl/zdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{on] g]kfn /fhkqdf
;"rgf k|sflzt ul/ yk ;'ljwf lbg ;lsg]5 .
!&=#$ lgof{t k|j4{g pBf]unfO{ j08]8 j]o/ xfp;sf] ;'ljwf cem ;/n
jgfO pknAw u/fOg]5 . o:tf] ;'ljwf lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] $%
lbgleq pknJw u/fOg]5 .
!&=#% pBf]ux?sf] xsdf ljB't cfk"lt{ gePsf] ;dosf] cg'kftsf cfwf/df
ljB' t dxz' n df nfuL cfPsf] l8df08 rfh{ 5' 6 lbOg] 5 .
!&=#^ pBf]usf] k|sl[ t / Ifdtf cg';f/ pBf]u ;+rfngsf] nflu cfjZos
kg]{ hUuf pknJw u/fpg ;/sf/n] ;xof]u ug]{5 . pBf]usf]
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@&#

k|sl[ t x]/L hUufsf] xbjGbL k'ms'jf ug{ cfjZos b]lvPdf hUufsf]


xbjGbL ;Ldfdf 5'6 lbg ;lsg]5 .
!&=#& clt cljsl;t If]qdf pBf]u :yfkgf ug{ ;xsf/L / n3' pBd
tyf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]unfO{ jLpm k"FhLsf] -l;8 Soflk6n_
?kdf cg' b fg pknJw u/fpg] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
!&=#* u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLnfO{ k|bfg ul/g] Jofj;flos k|jz
] f1f lgMz'Ns
pknJw u/fOg]5 .
!&=#( ljb]zL nufgLdf ;+rflnt pBf]unfO{ gofF a:t'sf] pTkfbg tyf
ahf/ ljsf; / k|a4{g ug{sf nflu b]zdf /x]sf d"n sDkgLsf
zfvf pBf]un] ljb]zl:yt d"n sDkgLaf6 pTkflbt ;fdfgx?
tf]lsP adf]lhd zt{ / ;Ldfleq /xL lglZrt ;dosf nflu
cfoft ug{ cg'dlt lbOg] 5 .
!&=$) jg k}bfjf/df cfwfl/t pBf]unfO{ sa'lnot jf lnhdf jg
pknJw u/fpg ;lsg]5 .
!&=$! lgof{t pBf]u, lgof{t k|j4{g If]q, ;/sf/L jf u}/ ;/sf/L cf}Bf]lus
If]q / cf}Bf]lus u|fddf :yfkgf x'g] pBf]unfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n]
g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L yk ;'ljwf lbg ;lsg]5 .
!&=$@ s'g} /fli6o k|fyldstf k|fKt pBf]u jf g]kfn leq cfljisf/
u/L :yfkgf ePsf pBf]ux?sf] nflu n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf
cf}Bf]lus k|j4{g jf]8{sf] l;kmfl/zdf pBf]u dGqfno dfkm{t
dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{on] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L yk
;'ljwf lbg ;lsg]5 .
!&=$# Joj;fo ;Dj4{g s]Gb| -OGs'jz
] g ;]G6/_ / Joj;fo ;Da4{g ;]jf
-OGs'j]zg ;le{;_df :yfkgf ePsf pBf]ux?df s'g} klg s/
nfUg] 5}g .
!&=$$ lgof{td"ns pBf]ux?sf] ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ jf Koflssf] ;fdfg
agfpg] pBf]ux?nfO{ klg lgof{td"ns pBf]ux?n] pQm j:t'x?
lgsf;Ldf k|of]u u/]sf] kl/df0fsf] cfwf/df ;'ljwf lbOg] 5 .
@&$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!&=$% vlghhGo pBf]usf] ljsf; / k|j4{gsf nflu pBf]u / vfgL


If]q;Ddsf] kx'+r ;8s lgdf{0f Pj+ ljB't k|;f/0f nfOg lj:tf/
tyf ljB't ;]jfsf nflu ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug{ ljz]if sfo{qmd
tyf ah]6sf] Joj:yf ;/sf/n] ug]{5 .
!*= n3', 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf nflu ljz]if ;'ljwf Pj+ ;x'lnot
dfly bkmf !& df pNn]lvt ;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnotsf cltl/Qm n3' pBd,
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux?n] b]xfo adf]lhd ;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnot yk
kfpg]5g\ .
!*=! n3' pBd Joj;fox?nfO{ cGtMz'Ns tyf cfos/, d"No clea[l4
s/ nufot s' g } klg lsl;dsf s/x? nfUg] 5} g .
!*=@ cg';r
" L(, !) / !! df pNn]v ePsf clt cljsl;t, cljsl;t
tyf sd ljsl;t If]qx?df :yflkt 3/]n' pBf]ux?nfO{ nfUg]
cGtMz'Ns / cfos/ qmdzM !@ jif{, & jif{ / % aif{ 5'6
lbOg]5 . cfos/ nfUg] /sddf To; kl5sf jif{x?df qmdzM &%
k|ltzt, ^) k|ltzt / %) k|ltzt cfos/ 5'6 lbOg]5 . o;sf
cltl/Qm g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;do ;dodf tf]Sg] /fli6o k|fyldstf
k|fKt j:t'df kfFr jif{ / k|fyldstf k|fKt If]qdf :yflkt pBf]ux?nfO{
!) jif{ ;Dd cGtMz' N s tyf cfos/ nfUg] 5} g .
!*=# cg';"rL ^ df pNn]lvt ;a} k|sf/sf k/Dk/fut tyf 3/]n'
pBf]unfO{ cfos/df %) k|ltzt 5'6 lbOg]5 .
!*=$ pBf]un] cfkmgf] pTkfbg jf pTkfbgdf k|of]u u/]sf] sRrf kbfy{,
;xfos sRrf kbfy{ cflbdf lt/]sf] d'=c=s/ / cGtMz'Ns pTkflbt
a:t' lgsf;L u/]sf] kl/df0fsf] cfwf/df lkmtf{ lbOg] 5 . To;/L
lkmtf{ x'g] /fhZj lkmtf{ kfpg /Ltk"j{s b/vf:t lbPsf] ;f7L
lbgleq lgsf;Lstf{nfO{ lkmtf{ lbOg]5 . t/ To:tf] /sd lkmtf{
kfpg lgsf;L u/]sf] $% lbg leq b/vf:t glbPdf lkmtf{ lbOg]
5}g .
!*=% s'g} pBf]un] cfgf] pTkfbg sf]zn
] L 3/ tyf lgof{t u[xdf ljqmL
u/]df To:tf] ljqmL ul/Psf] j:t' pTkfbg ug{ cfoft ul/Psf]
sRrf kbfy{df nfu]sf] d'=c=s/ / tof/L j:t'df nfu]sf] d'=c=s/
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@&%

tyf cGtMz'Ns ;f] j:t' lgof{t ePsf] kl/df0fsf] cfwf/df


;DjlGwt pBf]unfO{ lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .
:ki6Ls/0fM o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu lgof{t u[x eGgfn]
g]kfnleq :yflkt pBf]usf] pTkfbgx? ;+sng u/L ljb]zdf
;d]t lgof{t ug]{ p2]Zon] tf]lsP jdf]lhd :yflkt sDkgL, kmd{
jf ;xsf/L ;+:yf ;Demg' k5{ / sf]zn
] L 3/ eGgfn] k/Dk/fut
g]kfnL n3', 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux?n] :yfgLo sRrf kbfy{,
;Lk / >d k|of]u u/L pTkfbg u/]sf j:t'x?nfO{ ahf/Ls/0f ug{
;3fp k'ofpg] p2]Zon] :yflkt ahf/ s]Gb| ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]
5.
!*=^ pBf]un] k|of]u ug]{ d]zLg, cf}hf/, pks/0f, oGq Pj+ sRrf kbfy{df
/ pTkfbgdf s'g} s/, z'Ns jf b:t'/ nfUg] 5}g . t/ o:tf pBf]usf]
pTkfbg s'g} sf/0fjf6 :jb]zdf ljqmL ug'{ k/]df ljqmL ul/Psf]
kl/df0fsf] cfwf/df s/, z' N s jf b:t' / a' e mfpg' kg] { 5 .
!*=& n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux?nfO{ ljlQo kx'Fr k'ofpg
ljBdfg ljQLo ;+:yf P]gdf Joj:yf eP cg'?ksf] ljkGg ju{sf]
C0f ;'ljwf nufot C0f nufgLsf nflu ljz]if jftfj/0f tof/
ul/g]5 . o;sf nflu ljlQo ;+:yfx?nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g] 5 .
!*=* n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u u|fd / ;femf ;'ljwf s]Gb|sf
:yfgLo pBf]unfO{ ;xsf/Ldf cfj4 u/fO{ ljlQo kFxr
' sf] Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
!*=( ljQLo ;]jf pknAw x'g g;Sg] lhNnf tyf uf=lj=;=x?df n3'
pBdLx?nfO{ ;xsf/Ldf cfj4 u/fO{ ;d"x lwtf]df C0f pknAw
u/fpg n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u k|j4{g af]8{ cGtu{t
Ps sf] i f v8f u/L yf] s C0f pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
!*=!) ;/sf/n] 3f]if0ff u/]sf ljleGg gLlt tyf sfg"gL Joj:yf cGt/ut
pknAw u/fOg] ;]jf ;'ljwfx?sf] nflu cfjZos x'g] k|s[of /
sfuhftx? 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljsf; ;ldltsf lhNnf l:yt
sfof{nox?af6} tof/ u/fO{ pBf]ux?nfO{ k|bfg ul/g] Joj:yf
ldnfOg] 5 .
@&^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

dfly plNnlvt ;'ljwf / ;x'lnot dlb/fhGo tyf ;"tL{hGo


pBf]ux?nfO{ k|bfg ul/g] 5}g .
!(= ljz]if cfly{s If]q;DjGwL ljz]if Joj:Yff
!(=! ljz]if cfly{s If]q eGgfn] cf}Bf]lus lqmofsnfknfO{ ;3g ?kdf
;+rfng ug{sf g]kfn ;/sf/f/f g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt
u/L 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lgof{td"ns a:t' / ;]jfsf] pTkfbg k|d'v
p2]Zo /x]sf] s'g} vf; Jofj;flos If]q h;df PsLs[t cf]Bf]lus
;]jf, :t/Ls[t cf}Bf]lus k"jf{wf/ tyf ;]jf;'ljwf ePsf], nlrnf]
>d;DaGwL Joj:yf, nufgLsf] cfsif{0fsf nflu ljz]if ;'ljwf /
;x'lnot;lxtsf] k|f]T;fxgfTds Joj:yf;d]t /x]sf] ljz]ifLs[t
cf}Bf]lus If]q, lgof{t k|zf]wg If]q, lgof{t k|j4{g u[x, :jtGq
Jofkf/ If]q;d]tsf] ljz]ifLs[t jf PsLs[t cfly{s lqmofsnfko'Qm
;+/rgfnfO{ hgfp+b5 .
!(=@ k"jf{wf/ ;lxtsf] cf}Bf]lus lqmofsnfk a9fpg tyf ;f] sf]
dfWodaf6 nufgL k|j4{g, pTkfbg j[l4, lgof{t k|j4{g / /f]huf/L
;[hgfdf ;3fp k'ofpg ljz]if cfly{s If]qsf] :yfkgf, k"jf{wf/
;+/rgfsf] ljsf;, Joj:yfkg / ;~rfng k"0f{ ;/sf/L:t/df,
;fj{hlgs lghL ;xsfo{df / k"0f{?kdf lghL If]qn] ;d]t ug{
;Sg] u/L sfg" g L tyf ;+ : yfut Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
!(=# ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf :yflkt pBf]un] b]xfosf ;'ljwf tyf
;x'lnotx? kfpg] 5g\ M
!(=#=! cfos/ 5"6 M
-s_ k"jf{wf/ ;+/rgfdf nufgL ug]{ nufgLstf{n] k"jf{wf/
;+ / rgf ;~rfng u/] s f] jf Ohfhtkqjfnfn]
pTkfbgsf] Jofkfl/s sf/f]af/ z'? u/]sf] ldltaf6
k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd nfUg] cfos/df klxnf] ;ft
jif{;Dd ztk|ltzt / To;kl5sf kfFr jif{;Dd
krf; k|ltzt 5"6 kfpg]5 .
-v_ lxdfnL lhNnf jf g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] kxf8L
lhNnfdf /x]sf] ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf :yflkt
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@&&

pTkfbgd"ns pBf]un] cfgf] pTkfbgsf] Jofkfl/s


sf/f]af/ z'? u/]sf] ldltaf6 k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd
nfUg] cfos/df klxnf] bz jif{;Dd ztk|ltzt /
To;kl5sf kfFr jif{;Dd krf; k|ltzt 5"6 kfpg]
5.
-u_

ljb]zL nufgLstf{n] ljb]zL k|ljlw, af}l4s ;DklQ


jf Joj:yfkg ;]jf z'Ns tyf /f]oN6Laf6 cfh{g
x'g] cfodf nfUg] cfos/ krf; k|ltzt 5'6 lbOg]
5.

-3_

cg';r
" L ( df pNn]v ePsf clt cljsl;t If]qleq
:yflkt ljz]if cfly{s If]qsf pBf]un] sf/f]jf/ ;'?
u/]sf] ldltn] bz jif{;Dd zt k|ltzt cfos/ 5'6
kfpg]5g\ . ;fy} To;kl5sf bz jif{;Dd To:tf
pBf]un] ltg'{ kg]{ cfos/df krf; k|ltzt 5'6
x'g]5 .

!(=#=@ d"No clej[l4 s/ ;DaGwL ;'ljwfx? M


-s_ Ohfhtkqjfnfn] pBf]usf] nflu cfjZos kg]{
d]l;g/L, pks/0f, d]l;gsf kf6k"hf{, sRrf kbfy{
jf dfn;fdfg cf];f/ k;f/ ug]{ k|of]hgfy{ Ps
pBf]usf] nflu To:tf] pBf]usf] :t/ x]/L al9df tLg
j6f;Dd ;jf/L ;fwg k}7f/L ubf{ lt/]sf] d"No
clej[ l 4 s/df ztk| l tzt s/ sL ;' l jwf
kfpg]5 .
-v_ ljz]if cfly{s If]qleqsf pBf]u Joj;foLaLr x'g]
j:t' jf ;]jfsf] Jofkf/df z'Go b/sf] ;'ljwf
lbOg]5 .
!(=#=# eG;f/ dx;'n 5"6 M
-s_ lgsf;L x'g] dfnj:t' pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos kg{]
sRrf kbfy{, ;xfos sRrf kbfy{, Kofs]lh ;fdu|L
Pj+ pTkfbgdf k|of]u x'g] cGo kbfy{sf] nflu a}
hdfgtsf] cfwf/df eG;f/ dxz'n 5'6 x'g]5 .
@&*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

-v_ pBf]usf] nflu cfjZos kg{] KnfG6, d]lzg/L, oGq,


pks/0f, cf}hf/ tyf kf6k"hf{ df eG;f/ dx;'n
5'6 x'g]5 .
-u_

Ohfhtkqjfnfn] g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s ahf/df laqmL


ug{ kfpg] j:t' jf ;]jfdf nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'n tyf
cGo s/ a'emfPkl5 To:tf] j:t' jf ;]jf laz]if
cfly{s If]qaflx/ n}hfg kfpg]5 .

-3_

s'g} k}7f/Lstf{n] s'g} dfnj:t' laz]if cfly{s If]q


leqsf] pBf]unfO{ laqmL u/]df To:tf] dfnj:t'df
nfu]sf] eG;f/ dx;'n eG;f/ sfof{non] ;DalGwt
k}7f/Lstf{nfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-_

Ohfhtkqjfnfn] eG;f/ 5'6df k}7f/L u/]sf] dfnj:t'sf]


:jfldTj x:tfGt/0f ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn
/fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L tf]lslbPsf] k|s[of
cjnDag ug'{ kg{]5 .

!(=#=$ :yfgLo s/ 5"6 M


pBf]un] pTkfbg ug{] j:t' jf ;]jf, k}7f/L ug{]
d]l;g/L pks/0f, d]l;gsf kf6k"hf{, sRrf kbfy{
tyf pBf]u :yfkgfsf] nflu cfjZos kg{] cGo
;fdu|L / dfn;fdfg cf];f/ k;f/ ug]{ k|of]hgfy{
Ps pBf]usf] nflu To:tf] pBf]usf] :t/ x]/L a9Ldf
tLg j6f;Dd ;jf/L ;fwgdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd
nfUg] s'g} lsl;dsf] :yfgLo s/ nfUg] 5}g .
!(=#=% lgsf;L;/xsf] ;'ljwf kfpg]M
k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] s'g} kmd{,
sDkgL jf pBf]un] ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf :yfkgf
ePsf] pBf]unfO{ cfgf] sRrf kbfy{ jf s'g} pTkfbg
laqmL u/]df To:tf] laqmLnfO{ lgsf;L;/xsf] dfgL
lgsf;L u/]jfkt k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd s'g} ;'ljwf
kfpg] eP To:tf] kmd{, sDkgL jf pBf]un] klg ;f]
;'ljwf kfpg]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@&(

!(=#=^ ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf :yflkt pBf]unfO{ j08]8


j]o/ xfp;sf] ;'ljwf cem ;/n jgfO pknAw
u/fOg]5 . o:tf] ;'ljwf lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] $%
lbgleq pknJw u/fOg]5 .
@)= ;+:yfut Joj:yf
gLltsf] sfof{GjognfO{ k|efjsf/L t'Nofpg tyf pBf]u If]qsf] k|j4{g Pj+
lgodg sfo{nfO{ bIftf / Jofj;flos Ifdtfdf cfwfl/t agfpg ;+:yfut
;'b9[ Ls/0f ;d]t u/L df}hb' f ;+:yfxnfO{ ;+/rgfut, k4ltut tyf sfo{ut
Joj:yfnfO{ ;Ifdtf, lhDd]jf/L / clwsf/;lxt lgDgadf]lhdsf] ;+:yfut
Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 M
@)=! nufgL af]8{ (Board of Investment)
@)=!=! a[xb\ cf]Bf]lus nufgLnfO{ plrt k|fyldstf, ;+/If0f,
;xof]u / k|ltj4tf k|bfg ug{ PsLs[t gLlt lgdf{0f ug{,
k|j4{g sfo{df cfjZos kg]{ ;|f]t / ;fwg h'6fpg Pj+
nufgLstf{nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ ;a} lsl;dsf ;]jf / ;xof]u
Ps} ynf]af6 k|bfg ug{ ;Ifd tyf k|efjsf/L ;7gsf
?kdf k|wfgdGqLsf] cWoIftfdf clwsf/;DkGg pRr:t/Lo
nufgL af]8{sf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 .
@)=!=@ nufgL af]8{sf] :yfkgf, sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ 5'}
P]gf/f Jojl:yt ul/g]5 .
@)=@ cf}Bf]lus k|j4{g jf]8{ (Industrial Promotion Board)
@)=@=! cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] k|j4{g tyf ljsf; ug{ tyf
pBf]u If]qsf] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu ;dGjosf/L
/ ;xhLs/0fsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] pBf]udGqLsf]
cWoIftfdf b]xfo adf]lhd ;Dj4 ;/sf/L lgsfo
tyf ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g]u/L cf}Bf]lus
k|j4{g af]8{sf] u7g ug]{5 M

@*)

-s_ pBf]udGqL jf /fHodGqL

cWoIf

-v_ pBf]u /fHodGqL /jf ;xfosdGqL

;b:o

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

-u_ ;b:o, /fli6o of]hgf cfof]u -pBf]u x]g]{

;b:o

-3_ ueg{/, g]kfn /fi6\| a}+s

;b:o

-_ ;lrj, pBf]u dGqfno

;b:o

-r_ ;lrj, cy{ dGqfno

;b:o

-5_ ;lrj, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno

;b:o

-h_ ;lrj, ko{6g dGqfno

;b:o

-em_ ;lrj, jftfj/0f dGqfno

;b:o

-~f_ ;lrj, jg tyf e";+/If0f dGqfno

;b:o

-6_ ;lrj, phf{ dGqfno

;b:o

-7_ ;lrj, >d tyf oftfoft dGqfno

;b:o

-8_ ;lrj, ef}lts of]hgf tyf lgdf{0f dGqfno ;b:o


-9_ cWoIf, g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3

;b:o

-0f_ cWoIf, g]kfn pBf]u kl/;+3

;b:o

-t_ cWoIf, g]kfn 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u dxf;+3 ;b:o


-y_ cWoIf, g]kfn RofDa/ ckm sd;

;b:o

-b_ pBf]u If]qsf lj1xdWo]af6 -! hgf dlxnf ;lxt_


g]kfn ;/sf/af6 dgf]lgt
;b:o$
-w_ 6]8 o'lgogxsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L g]kfn ;/sf/af6
dgf]lgt -Pshgf dlxnf;d]t_
;b:o#
-g_ dxflgb]{zs, pBf]u ljefu

;b:o;lrj

@)=@=@ cf}Bf]lus k|j4{g jf]8s{ f] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M af]8s{ f]


sfd, st{ J o / clwsf/ b] x foadf] l hd x' g ] 5 M
-s_

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

b] z sf] cf} B f] u Ls/0f;DaGwL gLlt, P] g ,


lgodxsf] th'd
{ f / sfof{Gjogdf cfjZos
;xof]u k'ofpg] .
@*!

-v_

cf} B f] l us gLltsf] gLltut:t/ /


sfof{Gjog:t/aLr ;dGjo / ;fdGh:o
sfod ug]{ .

-u_

aftfj/0fLo ;'/Iff tyf hg:jf:Yosf b[li6n]


pko'Qm x'gu] /L cf}Bf]lus k|bi" f0f lgoGq0fsf
nflu dfu{bz{g ug]{ .

-3_

cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] ;du| d"Nof+sg tyf n]vfhf]vf


u/L g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf nufgL af]8{nfO{
;' e mfj tyf l;kmfl/z k| : t' t ug] { .

-_

cf}Bf]lus ;'ljwf Pj+ ;x'lnot;DaGwL u'gf;f]


tyf ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ / ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{
sfof{ G jogsf nflu lgb] { z g lbg] .

-r_

cf}Bf]lus ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] Joj:yf ug]{ .

-5_

cf}Bf]lus nufgL a[l4 ug{ tyf k|fT] ;fxg lbg


cfjZos cWoog, cg' ; Gwfg u/fpg] .

-h_

jf]8s
{ f] cGo sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tf]lsP
adf]lhd x'g]5 .

@)=@=# cf}Bf]lus k|j4{g af]8{sf] 5'6\6} ;lrjfno /xg]5 .


;lrjfnosf] Joj:yfkg pBf]u ljefun] ug]{5 .
@)=@=$ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt
u/L af]8s
{ f ;b:oxdf cfjZos yk36 jf x]/k]m/
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@)=@=% af]8n
{ ] cfjZos b]vd] f s'g} :jb]zL jf ljb]zL ljz]if1
jf ;Nnfxsf/nfO{ af]8s
{ f] a}7sdf ko{jI] fssf] kdf
efu lng cfdGq0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@)=@=^ af]8{sf] a}7s;DaGwL sfo{ljlw af]8{n] lgwf{/0f u/]
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@*@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@)=# cf}Bf]lus hgzlQm ljsf; k|lti7fg


pBf]u Joj;fosf] ljsf; sfo{df ;+nUg ;/sf/L tyf lghL If]qsf
;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] hgzlQm Pj+ k|ljlw ljsf; ug{ ljleGg k|sf/sf
k|lzIfsx?sf] k|lzIf0f, Joj:yfkg / k/fdz{ ;]jf k|bfg ug{ tyf
cg';Gwfg, k|lzIf0f tyf pTkfbsTj clej[l4;DaGwL sfo{ ug{
:yflkt cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo ljsf; k|lti7fg, a'6jn 6]lSgsn
OlG:6Ro"6, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u k|lzIf0f s]Gb|,, ;Lkljsf;
tflnd s]Gb| h:tf ;+:yfx?nfO{ PsLs/0f u/L 5'66\ } sfg"g cGt/ut
cf}Bf]lus hgzlQm ljsf; k|lti7fgsf] :yfkgf ul/g] 5 .
@)=$ cf}Bf]lus If]q Joj:yfkg k|flws/0f
cf}Bf]lus If]qx?sf] k"jf{wf/ Joj:yf tyf ;]jf Joj:yfkgdf ;'wf/
NofO{ cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] lj:tf/nufot To:tf If]qdf :yflkt
pBf]ux?sf] k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{ cfjZos sfo{qmdx?
;+rfng ug{sf nflu xfnsf] cf}Bf]lus If]q Joj:yfkg lnld6]8nfO{
5'66\ } sfg'gf/f /fli6o:t/sf] cf}Bf]lus If]q Joj:yfkg k|flws/0fsf]
?kdf :t/f]Gglt ul/g]5 .
@)=% /fli6o pTkfbsTj kl/ifb
pTkfbsTj clej[l4sf nflu cg';Gwfg, k/fdz{, k|lzIf0f tyf
Ifdtf ljsf;sf sfo{ ug]{ u/L xfnsf] /fli6o pTkfbsTj tyf
cfly{s ljsf; s]Gb|sf] ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f u/L 5'6\6]} /fli6o
pTkfbsTj kl/ifbsf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 .
@)=^ pBf]u ljefu
@)=^=! ;a}:t/sf pBf]usf] k|zf;g tyf ;]jf ;'ljwf;DaGwL
sfo{ Ps} lgsfoaf6 ;Dkfbg x'g] u/L xfnsf] 3/]n'
tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljefu / pBf]u ljefunfO{ PsLs[t
u/L Pp6} ;Ifd ljefu jgfO{g]5 .
@)=^=@ cg'dlt lng'kg]{ ;a}:t/sf cg';"rL * df pNn]lvt
pBf]usf] cg'dlt lbg], pBf]u dGqfno tyf nufgL
jf]8d{ f k|:t't u/L lg0f{o lng'kg]{ pBf]ux? jfx]s demf}nf
tyf 7"nf pBf]usf] btf{, k|zf;g Pj+ ;'ljwf;DaGwL
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@*#

sfd, ljb]zL nufgL tyf k|ljlw x:tfGt/0fsf] :jLs[lt,


clen]v / k|zf;g / cf}Bf]lus k|j4{g jf]8s
{ f] ;lrjfnosf]
sfd ;d]t pBf]u ljefun] ug]{5 .
@)=^=# cf}Bf]lus jftfj/0f k|bi' f0f lgoGq0f / cg'udg;DjGwL
tf]lsPsf] sfd pBf]u ljefuaf6 ;Dkfbg x'g] u/L
Ifdtf ljsf; ul/g]5 .
@)=^=$ cf}Bf]lus k|j4{g jf]8{ / pBf]u ljefun] ;Dkfbg u/]sf]
sfdsf] ljj/0f ljefun] rf}dfl;s kdf dGqfno;dIf
k]z u/L ;fj{hlgs ug]{5 .
@)=^=% pBf]u k|zf;g;DaGwL sfo{ pBf]u ljefun] cfgf
dftxtsf sfof{ n oxdfk{ m t ;~rfng ug] { 5 .
@)=^=^ pBf]u ljefun] pBf]u ;+rfngsf] cg'udg ug]{, ?U0f
pBf]usf] k'g:yf{kgsf nflu sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{,
sfof{Gjog:t/df ;dGjo ug]{ / ;d:of ;dfwfg ug],{
cflb sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L jxg ug]{5 .
@)=^=& cfk"mnfO{ ePsf] clwsf/ ljefun] lhNnfl:yt n3' pBd,
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u k|j4{g af]8{sf] sfof{nonfO{
k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@)=& Psn laGb' ;]jf s]Gb| (One Stop Service Centre)
sfg'gf/f k|bQ ;'ljwf, ;x'lnot tyf k"jf{wf/ ;]jf ;dod} lagf
eGem6 Ps} ynf]af6 pBf]unfO{ pknAw u/fpg pBf]u ljefudf
Psn laGb" ;]jf s]Gb|sf] u7g ul/g]5 . pQm ;]jf s]Gb|sf] sfd,
st{ A o / clwsf/;DaGwL Joj:yf sfg" g f/f ul/g] 5 .
@)=* g]kfn u'0f:t/ tyf gfktf}n ljefu
@)=*=! cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgsf] u'0f:t/Lotf ;'lglZrt ug{sf
nflu xfnsf] g]kfn u'0f:t/ tyf gfktf}n ljefunfO{
;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f u/L :t/f]Gglt ul/g]5 . :jb]zL
pBf]ujf6 pTkflbt j:t'sf] -vfB / cf}iflwjfx]s_ u'0f:t/
k|df0fLs/0f / cg'udg ljefun] ug]{5 .
@*$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@)=*=@ lgsf;LhGo j:t'sf] k|df0fLs/0f k|so[ fdf g]kfn u'0f:t/


tyf gfktf}n ljefunfO{ d'Vo lgsfosf] kdf ljsf;
ul/g]5 .
@)=*=# ljefusf] sfo{IfdtfnfO{ ;'b[9 / Jofks t'Nofpg
cfjZos yk k|fljlws hgzlQmsf] Joj:yf, k|of]uzfnf
/ tflnd s]Gb|sf] Joj:yf;lxt If]qLo sfof{nosf]
Joj:yf tyf sfo{k4lt Pj+ ;fwg;|ft] ;DaGwL Joj:yfdf
;do;fdlos ;'wf/ ul/g]5 .
@)=( af}l4s ;DklQ ;+/If0f sfof{no M
af}l4s ;DklQsf] clwsf/;DaGwL ;du| sfo{If]q / lhDd]jf/LnfO{
;d]6L af}l4s ;DklQ ;+/If0f sfof{nosf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 . af}l4s
;DklQ clwsf/sf] k|j4{g / k|efjsf/L ;+/If0fsf] sfd o;
sfof{non] ug]{5 .
@)=!) sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{no
@)=!!=! sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{nonfO{ ;Ifd tj/n] sfo{;Dkfbg
ug{;Sg] u/L pQm sfof{noaf6 pknAw ;]jfxnfO{
ljleGg If] q lhNnf:t/;Dd ljs] l Gb| t ul/g] 5 .
@)=!!=@ sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{noaf6 xF'b} u/]sf] sfo{nfO{
If]qLo:t/jf6 ;d]t ;Dkfbg x'g ;Sg] ul/ If]qLo:t/sf
;F u 7gx? lj:tf/ u/L g] 6 jl{ + s ul/g] 5 .
@)=!!=# sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{nonfO{ Jojl:yt / ;'b9[ agfO{
sDkgL sfg"gnfO{ ;d]t ;d;fdlos k'g/fjnf]sg
ul/g]5 .
@)=!@ vfgL tyf e"ue{ ljefu
vfgL tyf e"ue{ ljefusf lj|mofsnfknfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg
cfjZostf cg';f/ k|fljlws hgzlQm, ef}lts tyf ljQLo
;fwg;|f] tsf] kof{Kt Joj:yfsf ;fy} If]qLo sfof{noxsf] Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@*%

@)=!# /fli6o n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u k|j4{g af]8{ / 3/]n'
tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljsf; ;ldlt
@)=!#=! n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] k|j4{g Pj+
k|zf;gdf sfo{/t lgsfox? jLrsf] c:ki6tf x6fpg
s]lGb|o:t/df n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u k|j4{g
jf]8{ u7g ul/g]5 . 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] k|j4{g,
ljsf; / lj:tf/ ug]{ lhDd]jf/L /x]sf] 3/]n' tyf ;fgf
pBf]u ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ ;f]xL jf]8{sf] ;+/rgf leq
;dflxt u/L &% j6} lhNnfdf ;ldltsf] sfof{nox?af6
n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux?sf] btf{ gljs/0f
;'ljwf l;kmfl/z nufot ;Dk"0f{ k|j4{gfTds ;]jf
pknJw u/fOg] 5 .
@)=!#=@ n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux?sf] ljsf; / k|j4{g
ug{sf] lglDt b]xfo adf]lhdsf] /fli6o n3' pBd, 3/]n'
tyf ;fgf pBf]u k|j4{g jf]8{ :yfkgf ul/g] 5 .
af]8{sf] u7g M
-s_ dfggLo pBf]udGqL/fHodGqL

cWoIf

-v_ dfggLo pBf]u /fHodGqL /jf


;xfos dGqL

;b:o

-u_ ;bo, /fli6o of]hgf


cfof]u -pBf]u x]g]{

,,

-3_ ue{g/ g]kfn /fi6 j}+s

,,

-_ ;lrj pBf]u dGqfno

,,

-r_ ;/f]sf/jfnf ljleGg dGqfnosf] ;lrjHo"x?


-cfjZostf cg';f/ cfdGq0f ul/g]
,,
-5_ cWoIf g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3

,,

-h_ cWoIf g]kfn 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u dxf;+3 ,,


-em_ cWoIf /fli6o n3' pBdL ;d"x ;+3
@*^

,,

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

-`_ cWoIf jg pkef]Qmf dxf;+3

,,

-6_ k|ltlglwx? -al9df tLg hgf_,


6]8 o'lgog dxf;+3x?

,,

-7_ n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u If]qsf


dlxnf pBdL k|ltlglwx? b'O{ hgf

,,

-8_ sfo{sf/L lgb]{zsM n3' pBd, 3/]n'


tyf ;fgf pBf]u k|j4{g jf]8{
;lrj

;b:o

@)=!#=# jf]8{sf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M


-s_

n3' pBd, 3/]n' / ;fgf pBf]usf] k|j4{g tyf


nufgL lj:tf/ ;DjGwL gLlt lgodsf] th'{df /
sfof{ G jogdf cfjZos dfu{ b z{ g ug] { .

-v_

n3' pBd, 3/]n' / ;fgf pBf]u gLltsf] p2]Zo /


sfof{ G jog:t/jLr ;dGjo sfod ug] { .

-u_

pBf]usf] :t/Ls/0f / juL{s/0fdf s'g} x]/km]/ ug'{


k/] d f g] k fn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z ug] { .

-3_

n3' pBd, 3/]n' / ;fgf pBf]u gLltn] k|bfg u/]sf


;'ljwf ;x'nLot s'g} pBf]un] gkfPsf] egL lgj]bg
k/]df ;f] pk/ hfFrj'em u/L ;DjlGwt lgsfonfO{
lgb]{zg lbg] .

-_

n3' pBd, 3/]n' / ;fgf pBf]unfO{ o; gLltn]


k|bfg u/]sf] ;'ljwf cfgf sfof{nox? dfkm{t k|bfg
ug]{ .

-r_

cfkmgf] s' g } sfd, st{ J o tyf clwsf/


cfjZostfg';f/ ;DalGwt sfof{nox?nfO{ k|Tofof]hg
ug]{ .

@)=!#=$ g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L g]kfn ;/sf/n]


jf]8{sf] ;b:ox? yk36 jf x]/km]/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@*&

@)=!#=% jf]8n
{ ] cfjZos 7fg]df s'g} kbflwsf/L jf ljz]if1x?nfO{
cfdGq0f ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
@)=!#=^ jf]8{sf] a}7s cfjZostf cg';f/ j:g]5 . jf]8{sf]
a}7s;DaGwL cGo sfo{ljlw jf]8{n] to u/] jdf]lhd
x'g]5 .
@)=!#=& n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u Joj;fodf k|ToIf
c;/ ug]{ u/L cGo s'g} klg ;/sf/L lgsfon] gLlt
th'{df Pj+ kl/jt{g ubf{ pBf]u dGqfno dfkm{t o;
jf]8{ ;Fu k/fdz{ lng' kg]{5 .
@)=!#=* n3' pBd, 3/]n' / ;fgf pBf]usf] k|j4{gsf] sfdnfO{
k|efjsf/L jgfpg g]kfn ;/sf/n] :yfgLo:t/df lhNnf
ljsf; ;ldltsf ;efkltsf] cWoIftfdf cfjZostfg';f/
;Dj4 lgsfo / ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L
lhNnf n3' pBd, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u k|j4{g
;ldlt u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@!= dlxnf pBdLxsf nflu ljz]if Joj:yf
dlxnfx cem a9L pBf]u Joj;fodf ;+nUg eO{ a9L ;] a9L /f]huf/sf]
cj;/ k|bfg ug{ pBf]u Joj;fosf] If]qdf cufl8 a9'g\ eGg] p2]Zon]
dlxnfsf] cfly{s ;zlQms/0fsf nflu ;dfj]zL cjwf/0ff cg'?k lgDg
adf]lhd ljz]if Joj:yf ul/g]5 M
@!=! s'g} klg pBf]uJoj;fo ;DaGwL gLlt lgdf{0f ug]{ txdf ;DalGwt
cf}Bf]lus Joj;fodf ;+nUg cflbjf;L, hghftL, blnt, dw]zL,
l;dfGts[t ju{sf dlxnfx?sf] k|ltlglwTj clgjfo{ ul/g]5 .
@!=@ 3/]n' tyf ;fgf :t/sf dlxnf pBdLx?nfO{ ;/n tyf ;'ne
tl/sfaf6 C0f k|jfx ug{ ljleGg j}l+ s tyf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?df
;d'x C0fsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
@!=# pBf]u :yfkgf ubf{ lbOg] Venture Capital df dlxnfx?nfO{
k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
@!=$ dlxnfsf] gfddf dfq pBf]u btf{ ul/Pdf To:tf] pBf]u btf{ ubf{
nfUg] btf{ b:t"/df #% k|ltzt 5'6 lbO{g]5 .
@**

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@!=% dlxnf pBdLx?n] cf}Bf]lus If]qdf pBf]u /fVg rfx]df ljz]if


k|fyldstf lbOg] 5 .
@!=^ dlxnf pBdlzntf ljsf; u/L dlxnfx?nfO{ pBdL aGg k|fT] ;fxg
ug{ k|ljlw ljsf;;DjGwL tfnLd, ;ef, ;]ldgf/, cWoog e|d0f
bndf dlxnf pBdLx?nfO{ ;dfj]z ul/g]5 .
@!=& ljleGg ljsf; If]qx?df :yfkgf x'g] ljqmL sIfx?df dlxnf
pBdLx?4f/f pTkflbt ;fdfgx?sf] ljqmL sIfsf] ;d]t Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
@!=* ;/sf/L lgsfo4f/f ;+rfng ul/g] pBf]u Joj;fo;DaGwL k|bz{gLdf
dlxnf pBdLJoj;foLx?nfO{ clgjfo{?kdf ;+nUg u/fOg]5 .
@!=( cfgf] cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg lgof{t ug]{ dlxnf pBdLJoj;foLx?nfO{
Joj;fosf] ljQLo l:yltsf] cfwf/df lgof{t shf{ pknAw u/fpg]
Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
@!=!) dlxnfsf] gfddf dfq btf{ ePsf] pBf]unfO{ cf}Bf]lus ;DklQ
k]60] 6, l8hfO{g / 6]8 dfs{ btf{ u/fpFbf nfUg] b:t"/df @) k|ltzt
5'6 lbO{g]5 .
@!=!! dlxnf pBdzLntf ljsf;sf nflu 5'} dlxnf pBdzLntf ljsf;
sf]if v8f ul/g]5 .
@!=!@ dlxnf pBdLsf] ljsf;sf] nflu pBf]u dGqfnodf 5'66\ } laifout
PsfO (unit) v8f ul/g]5 .
@!=!# ;a} pBf]u Joj;fon] dlxnf pBdL, dlxnf sfdbf/ / dlxnf
;]jfu|fxLsf] clwsf/ ;+/If0fsf nflu sfo{:yndf n}l+ ustfdf cfwfl/t
;a} k\sf/sf lx+;fhGo sfo{ / Jojxf/sf] /f]syfd / lgoGq0fsf
nflu lgb]{lzsf agfO{ nfu" ug{ clgjfo{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
@!=!$ pBf]u k|j4{g;DaGwL of]hgf, sfo{qmd tyf ah]6sf] sfof{GjognfO{
n}+lus d}qL t'NofO{ n}+lus ;dfgtfsf] k|Tofe"lt ;'lglZrt ug{
;DalGwt gLlt tyf sfo{qmdsf} n}+lus ljZn]if0f / n]vfhf]vf
(Gender Analysis and Assessment), n}+lus k/LIf0f
(Gender Audit) tyf n}l+ us ah]6 (Gender Budget) k4lt
sfof{Gjogdf NofOg]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@*(

@@ ?U0f pBf]usf] k'g?Tyfg tyf k'glg{df{0f;DaGwL Joj:yf


;a}:t/sf ?U0f pBf]usf] klxrfg / k'g?Tyfg tyf k'glg{df{0f ug{
sfg"gdf Joj:yf u/L ;DalGwt If]qsf ljz]if1x? /x]sf] Ps clwsf/;DkGg
/ pRr:t/Lo Goflos clwsf/;lxtsf] cfof]u u7g u/L ?U0f pBf]u;DaGwL
;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ul/g]5 . cfof]usf] ;+/rgf, sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
sfg"gn] lgwf{/0f u/]adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@#= cfly{s kIf
k|:t't gLltsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 cf}Bf]lus lqmofsnfkdf yk j[l4 eO{
nufgL j[l4, u'0ffTds pTkfbgdf a9f]Q/L tyf pTkfbsTj clej[l4,
pTkfbgzLn / bIf hgzlQmsf] ljsf; / /f]huf/L ;[hgf, lgof{t j[l4,
cf}Bf]lus ;+:sf/sf] ljsf;sf] dfWodaf6 b]zsf] ;dli6ut cfly{s
ljsf;df of]ubfg k'Ug hfg] 5 .
@$= sfg"gL Joj:yfdf ;'wf/
o; gLltdf pNn]lvt k|fjwfgx?nfO{ cfly{s P]g, cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo
P]g nufot ljleGg ;DalGwt sfg"gL Joj:yfxdf ;dfj]z u/]/ sfg"gL
:j?k k|bfg ul/g]5 .
@%= cg'udg tyf d"Nofg
gLlt sfof{Gjogsf] ;du| l:yltsf] jflif{s tyf cfjlws d"Nofg /fli6o
of]hgf cfof]un] ug]5
{ . gLltsf] ef}lts pknlAwsf] cg'udg tyf sfo{ut
d"Nof+sg pBf]u dGqfnon] ug]5
{ . nufgL jftfj/0fsf] ;du| cj:yf jf/]
cWoog cg';Gwfgsf] dfWodaf6 nufgL jf]8n
{ ] klg cg'udg / d"Nof+sg
ug]{5 . gLlt sfof{Gjogsf] ;du| kIfsf] d"Nof+sg k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs
ul/g]5 . o; gLlt cGtu{t :yflkt x'g] n3' pBdx?sf] cg'udg :yfgLo
uf=lj=;= jf g=kf=n] ug]{ / o;sf] hfgsf/L n3' pBd, 3/]n' / ;fgf
pBf]u k|j4{g af]8s
{ f] lhNnf sfof{nodf lbOg]5 . o;sf lgldQ cfjZos
eP af]8{sf] lhNnf sfof{no;Fu yk ;xof]u dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 . 3/]n' /
;fgf pBf]ux?sf] cfjlws cWoog, cg'udg / d"Nof+sg ug]{ Joj:yf
n3' pBd, 3/]n' / ;fgf pBf]u k|j4{g jf]8{ / o; dftxtsf sfof{non]
ug]5
{ g\ . pBf]uxsf] juL{s/0fsf] cfwf/df demf}nf tyf 7"nf / cg'dlt
lng' kg]{ ju{sf ;fgf pBf]usf] cg'udg pBf]u ljefuaf6 x'g]5 .
@()

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@^= gLltsf] k'g/fjnf]sg tyf ;'wf/


k|To]s kf+r aif{df gLltsf] sfof{Gjogsf] k|efjsfl/tf, pko'Qmtf /
pkfb]otfsf] :jtGq ?kdf d"Nof+sg u/L gLltdf ;d;fdlos k'g/fjnf]sg
tyf ;'wf/ ul/g]5 .
@&= hf]lvd
cGt/f{li6o :t/df k|lt:kwf{ ug'k{ g]{ ePsf]n] cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgsf] u'0f:t/
/ pTkfbsTjdf j[l4 ul/ k|lt:kwL{ j:t' tyf ;]jf pTkfbg tyf ljt/0f
ug{ g;lsPdf g]kfnL pBf]ux? ;LdfGts[t (Marginalised) x'g ;Sg]
;Defjgf /x]sf] x'bF f o; kIfnfO{ Wofgdf /flv cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sgnfO{
k|efjsf/L jgfO{ k|fKt k[i7kf]if0f (Feedback) sf cfwf/df P]g tyf
gLltdf ;dofg's'n kl/jt{g ug]{ tkm{ ;r]t x'g'kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 . ;fy},
pBf]u If]qsf] of]ubfg /fhZj clej[l4tkm{ eGbf klg /f]huf/L ;[hgf,
cfo cfh{g Pj+ s"n /fli6o pTkfbgdf clej[l4tkm{ kl/nlIft ug{
;lsPdf dfq pBf]u If]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu ;sf/fTds / ;jn jftfj/0f
;[hgf x'g hfg] x'G5 .
@*= vf/]hL
cf}Bf]lus gLlt, @)$( vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@(!

cg';"rL!
-bkmf !@=@=! ;Fu ;DalGwt_
s[lif tyf jg k}bfjf/df cfwfl/t pBf]u
!= kmnk"mn v]tL kmnk"mn k|zf]wg
@= vfB k|zf]wg
#= kz'kfng / kz' k|hgg, kz'k+IfL kfng / k|hgg
$= b'w pBf]u -b'wsf kl/sf/ pTkfbg ;d]t_
%= s'v'/fkfngrNnf sf9\g] Joj;fo
^= dT:o kfng e'/f pTkfbg
&= /]zd v]tL tyf /]zd k|zf]wg
*= lrof aufg lrof k|zf]wg
(= skmL v]tL skmL k|zf]wg
!)=hl8j'6L v]tL hl8a'6L k|zf]wg
!!= t/sf/L aLp lahg pTkfbg
!@= t/sf/L v]tL t/sf/L k|zf]wg
!#= xl/t u[x :yfkgf / ;~rfng
!$= df}/Lkfng -dx pTkfbg k|zf]wg / k|hgg_
!%= k'ik v]tL -dfnf agfpg], ;hfj6 ug]{, u'R5f jgfpg] / jLp ljhg
pTkfbg ;d]t_
!^= g;{/L Joj;fo
!&= /a/ v]tL tyf /a/sf] k|f/lDes k|zf]wg
!*= zLt e08f/
!(= ;xsf/Lsa'lnolt;fd'bfloslghL jgsf] :yfkgf / Joj:yfkg
@)= gub]jfnLsf] Joj;flos v]tL tyf k|zf]wg -h:t}M pmv', skf;, ;gkf6,
;lhjg, Sweet Sorghum, Stevia Rebaudiane ;'tL{, h'6,
cn} + r L, cb' j f, s] z /, t] n xg / o:t} d;nfjfnL, bnxg cflb_
@!= j]t, afF; v]tL / j]t afF;hGo pTkfbgx?
@@= jg:klt pBfg :yfkgf / Joj:yfkg
@#= jg:klt k|hgg\ Joj;fo -l6:;' sNr/ ;d]t_ .
@(@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cg';"rL@
-bkmf !@=@=^ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
ko{6g pBf]u
!=

ko{6s cfjf;, df]6]n, xf]6]n, l/hf]6{ -Resorts_ tyf /]i6'/fF

@=

6fe]n Ph]G;L, 6'/ ck|6] /, 6'l/i6 ufO8, lxln ;]G6/, Sofl;gf], d;fh
:kf (spa)

#=

;fxl;s ko{6g (Adventure Tourism): l:sO, UnfOl8, jf6/


ofk\ml6 -Water Rafting_, x6 Po/ Jofn'lg -Hot Air Balloning_,
Kof/f ;]ln -Para Sailing_, 3f]8r9L -Horse Riding_, aGhL
hlDk -Bunjee Jumping_, lxdfn cf/f]x/0f / canf]sg .

$= uNkm sf];{, kf]nf] (Polo), kf]gL 6]ls -Pony Trekking_, kbofqf


-Trekking_,
%= u|fdL0f ko{6g tyf kof{ ko{6g (Eco-tourism) .
^=

;f+:s[lts, wfld{s, ;ef ;Dd]ng tyf v]ns'b ko{6g -Cultural,


Religious, Conference and Sports Tourism _

&= dgf]/~hg kfs{ lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfng


*= jGohGt' cf/If -Wild Life Conservation_
(= Mountain Flight ;~rfng

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@(#

cg';"rL#
-bkmf !@=@=& ;Fu ;DalGwt_
lgdf{0f pBf]u
-lgdf{0f u/L ;~rfng ug]{
!= ;8s, k'n, ;'?
@= /f]kj], /]nj], 6fd, 6lna;, s]a'n sf/, df]gf]/]n / :nfO{l8sf/
#= xjfO{ wfjg dfu{ ljdfg:yn
$= cf}Bf]lus ;+/rgf Pj+ k"jf{wf/ sDKn]S;
%= ;ef ;Dd]ng s]Gb|
^= 9n tyf 9n lgsf;
&= vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{ tyf ljt/0f
*= l;FrfO k"jf{wf/
(= phf{3/ tyf phf{ k|;f/0f nfOg
!)= v]ns'b u[x, /zfnf -Sport Complexes, Stadium_
!!= ;jf/L kfls{ :yn, kfls{ u[x
!@= lgof{t k|zf]wg If]q
!#= ljz]if cfly{s If]q
!$= sfuf]{ sDKn]S;
!%= ;f}o{ tyf jfo'af6 phf{ pTkfbg
!^= b"lift kfgL k|zf]wg s]Gb| -Water treatment plant_
pk/f]Qm pBf]ux? lgdf{0f, :jfldTj / x:tfGt/0f -Build-Own-OperateTransfer-BOOT_, lgdf{0f ;~rfng / x:tfGt/0f -Build-OperateTransfer-BOT_ tyf lgdf{0f / ;+rfngsf] k|f?kdf ;+rfng x'g'kg]{5 .

@($

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cg';"rL$
-bkmf !@=@=* ;Fu ;DalGwt_
;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ k|ljlw pBf]u
!= 6]Sgf]nf]hL kfs{
@= cfO l6 kfs{
#= jfof]6]s kfs{
$= ;k\m6j]o/ ljsf;
%= sDKo"6/ tyf ;DalGwt ;]jfx?
^= tYof k|zf]wg
&= ;fOj/ Sofk]m
*= l8lh6n Doflk
(= eL:of6, OG6/g]6 ;]jf
!)= 6]lnkmf]g tyf ;]n'n/ 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfx?
!!= df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g
!@= k]lh ;]jf
!#= 6]lnlehg k|;f/0f -:of6]nfO6 tyf s]an 6]lnlehg k|;f/0f_ ;]jf
!$= Pkm=Pd= /]l8of] k|;f/0f ;]jf
!%= Od]n, EjfO; d]n, k\mofS;
!^= cl8of]lel8of], l;=l8= /f]d /]sl8{ tyf pTkfbg
!&= lk|G6 ldl8of pBf]u
!&= Business Process Outsourcing (BPO)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@(%

!=
@=
#=
$=
%=
^=
&=
*=
(=
!)=
!!=
!@=
!#=
!$=
!%=
!^=
!&=
!*=
!(=
@)=
@!=
@@=
@#=
@$=
@%=
@^=
@(^

cg';"rL%
-bkmf !@=@=( ;Fu ;DalGwt_
;]jfd"ns pBf]u Joj;fo
oflGqs sfo{zfnf -js{zk_
5fkfvfgf tyf 5kfO{ ;DaGwL ;]jf
k]zfut cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;, Joj:yfkg, O{lGhlgol/ tyf l8hfOg,
sfg"gL, n]vf, n]vfk/LIf0f, lzIf0f k|lzIf0f, z}lIfs tyf k|fljlws
k/fdz{ ;]jfx?
lhlg tyf a]ln -Ginning and Baling_ Joj;fo
rnlrq lgdf{0f Joj;fo
k|bz{gL ;]jf
;f+:s[lts tyf dgf]/~hgfTds Joj;fo
lgdf{0f Joj;fo
;fj{hlgs kl/jxg Joj;fo
kmf]6f]u|fkmL
c:ktfn
gl;{ xf]d
lzIf0f Pj+ k|lzIf0f ;+:yf
k':tsfno, clen]vfno tyf ;Fu|fxno ;]jf
k|of]uzfnf
xjfO{ ;]jf
v]ns"b ;]jf
zLt e08f/ ;~rfng -u}x| s[lifhGo_
xfp; jfol/ On]S6Lsn lkml6 / dd{t
kmf]xf]/ d}nf ;+sng tyf ;/;kmfO{
3/ hUuf -Real Estate_ v/Lb ljqmL ;DaGwL Joj;fo
lgdf{0f ;DaGwL ef/L pks/0f -Heavy Equipment_ ef8f, dd{t
tyf ;~rfng
kz' lrlsT;f ;]jf
Jof6L l/rflh{
:jf:Yo k/LIf0f -PS;/], l;6L :Sofg, Pd=cf/=cfO, cN6f;fpG8
h:tf ;]jfx?_ tyf :jf:Yo k/LIf0f k|of]uzfnf
lgdf{0f eO{;s]sf k"jf{wf/x?sf] ;+rfng ug]{ h:t} -;ef ;Dd]ng
ejg, vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{, O{Gwg tyf O{GwghGo UofF; cfk"lt{ ;DaGwL
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@&=
@*=
@(=
#)=
#!=
#@=
##=
#$=
#%=
#^=
#&=
#*=
#(=
$)=
$!=
$@=
$#=
$$=
$%=
$^=
$&=
$*=

kfOk nfOg, uf]bfd3/ tyf e08f/0f, ljdfg:yn, a;kfs{, /zfnf,


:kf]6{;\ sDKn]s;, /f]kj], ;8s, l;FrfO, ljB't k|zf/0f, ljB't u[x,
/]nj] ;]jf, sfuf]{ sDKn]S;, OgNof08 lSno/]G; l8kf] -Inland
Clearance Depot-ICD_ cfbL ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ Joj;fox?
vfBfGg s'6fgL, lk;fgL, k]nfgL / Kofls ug]{ sfo{
sk8f tyf wfuf] /fO{, ;fOlh / sk8f 5kfO{ -sk8f a'Gg] pBf]un]
cfk\mgf] k|of]hgsf] nflu u/]sf]df afx]s_
sfuf]{ Joj;fo
Kofs]lh, l/lkmln ;]jf -Pn=kL=hL= Uof+; l/lkmln / ;jf/L Uof+;
l/lkmln ug]{ :6]zg ;d]t_
s'l/o/ ;]jf
8fOlSnlg Joj;fo
Jo"6L kfn{/
cfGtl/s ;hfj6 -Interior Decoration_
;'/Iff ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ Joj;fo
k|sfzg ;]jf
lj1fkg ;]jf
lj1fkg ;fdu|L tof/ ug]{ ;]jf
;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ;]jf
6]lnlehgaf6 k|;f/0f ug{ agfOPsf sfo{qmd / 8s'dG] 6L 6]nLlkmNd
pTkfbg tyf k|;f/0f
:jfOn 6]li6 ;]jf
Health Club

lkpg] kfgL 9'jfgL ;]jf


h'nf]lhsn kfs{ ;+rfng
lhof]nf]lhsn kfs{ ;+rfng
Joj;fo ;Dj4{ g ;] j f - Business incubation service _
Jofkfl/s sDKn]S; ;~rfng
j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ;]jf

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@(&

cg';"rL^
-bkmf !@=#=@ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
k/Dk/fut tyf cGo 3/]n' pBf]ux?*
!= Xof08 n"d, k]8n n"d, ;]dLc6f]dl] 6s n"d, sk8f jflk{, k/Dk/fut
k|ljlwaf6 ul/g] /fO{, 5kfO{, l;nfO{ -tof/L kf]zfs afx]s_ / a'gfO{ .
@= pmg / /]zddf cfwfl/t xft] a'gfO{sf /f8L kfvL, un}+rf, klZdgf,
kf]zfs .
#= xft]sfuh / ;f]df cfwfl/t j:t' .
$= k/Dk/fut snfdf cfwfl/t j:t' -Filigree and Ornamental
Items based on Traditional Crafts_ .
%= k/Dk/fut d"lt{snf .
^= tfdf, lkQn, 9nf}6, sf+; / hd{g l;Ne/ h:tf wft'af6 x:tlgld{t
ef+8fjt{g tyf x:tsnfsf ;fdfg .
&= kmnfdaf6 ag]sf x:tlgld{t ef+8f jt{g tyf 3/fo;L k|of]usf rSs',
r'n];L, v's'/L, x+l;of, s'6f], sf]bfnf] h:tf k/Dk/fut cf}hf/x? .
*= ;'g rf+bLaf6 x:tlgld{t u/ uxgf, j:t', ef+8f jt{gx? -ax'dN" o, cw{
jx'd"No tyf ;fwf/0f kTy/ h8fg ePsf ;d]t_ .
(= :jb]zdf pknAw lsdlt, cw{ lsdlt tyf ;fwf/0f kTy/ s6fO{ pBf]u .
!)= u|fdL0f 6\oflg5fnaf6 x:t lgld{t j:t'x? .
!!= h'6, ;jfO 3fF;, rf]of, aflaof], ;'tL wfu]f, cNnf] cflb k|fs[lts /]zfdf
cfwfl/t pBf]u .
!@= kTy/snf -9'+uf s'+bL agfOPsf ;fdfgx?_ .
!#= kf}ef, yff lrq / cGo k/Dk/fut lrqsnf .
!$= d's'08f] (Mask) tyf k/Dk/fut ;+:s[lt bzf{pg] k'tnL / v]nf}gf .
!%= k/Dk/fut ;+:s[lt, jfhfufhf / snf bzf{pg] ljleGg k|sf/sf x:tsnfsf
j:t' .
!^= sf7, xf8, l; tyf df6f], r6[fg / vgLhsf snfTds j:t'x? .
!&= ;]/fldS; tyf df6fsf efF8fs'F8f .

*k/Dk/fut 3/]n' pBf]usf] xsdf !) lsnf] jf6 eGbf a9L ljB't zlQm Ifdtf ePsf] x'g' x'Fb}g .
@(*
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cg';"rL&
-bkmf !#=! ;Fu ;DalGwt_
k|fyldstf k|fKt pBf]ux?
! s[lif tyf jg k}bfjf/df cfwfl/t cg';"rL ! jdf]lhdsf pBf]u .
@= lgdf{0f pBf]u -lgdf{0f ul/ ;~rfng ug]{ cg';"rL # jdf]lhdsf pBf]u .
#= hnljB't pTkfbg tyf ljt/0f nufotsf phf{d"ns pBf]ux? .
$= lgsf;L k|j4{g pBf]u .
%= k"jf{wf/ ;lxtsf] ;fxl;s ko{6g, u|fdL0f ko{6g, kof{j/0fLo ko{6g,
uNkm sf];{, kf]nf] (Polo), kf]gL 6]ls -Pony Trekking_, kbofqf Trekking_ ko{6g, jf6/ ofk\ml6 -Water Rafting_, ;ef ;Dd]ng
ko{6g, v]ns'b ko{6g, wfld{s ko{6g, ;f+:s[lts ko{6g, dgf]/~hg kfs{
lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfng, jGohGt' cf/If0f .
^= vfgLhGo pBf]u, k]6f]lnod tyf k|fs[lts Uof; cGj]if0f tyf pTkfbg .
&= :jb]zL r'g9'+ f k|of]u u/L lSn/ tyf l;d]G6 pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u, kNk
tyf sfuh, lrgL, /f;foflgs dn -ld>0f afx]s_ w"nf] b"w, cf}ifwL
pTkfbg, kmf]xf]/ d}nf tyf v]/ uPsf] j:t'sf] k|zf]wg, OGwg jrt ug]{
pks/0f pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u, k|b'if0f sd ug]{ pks/0f pTkfbg ug]{
pBf]u / ckfx?n] k|of]u ug]{ ;fwg tyf pks/0f pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u,
s[lif oGq pks/0f tyf cf}Bf]lus d]lzg/L agfpg] pBf]u, ljB'taf6
rNg] ;jf/L ;fwgx? pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u .
*= ;fj{hlgs kl/jxg Joj;fo, lzt e08f/ lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfng, kmf]xf]/
d}nf ;+sng, u|fdL0f ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ k|ljlw ;Da4 ;]jf, sDKo"6/
;6j]o/ .
(= sf7df8f} + pkTosf, kf] v /f pkdxfgu/kfnLsf / t/fO{ If] q sf
pkdxfgu/kflnsf tyf gu/kflnsf If]q jflx/ :yfkgf x'g] c:ktfn,
gl;{ xf]d, kz' c:ktfn Pj+ lrlsT;fno, :jf:Yo kl/If0f ;]jf, :jf:Yo
k|of]uzfnf, h}ljs cg';Gwfgzfnf / lzIf0f Pj+ k|lzIf0f ;+:yfx? .
!)= k/Dk/fut 3/]n' pBf]u .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

@((

cg';"rL*
-bkmf !$=! ;Fu ;DalGwt_
cg'dlt lng' kg]{ pBf]ux?
!_ xftxltof/, uf]nLu6\7f, jf?b nufotsf lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ pTkfbg ug],{
;' / IffTds 5kfO{ -;]S o'l /6L lk| G 6L_ d' b| f tyf l;Ssf pBf] u .
@_ r'/f]6, ljl8, v}gL, l;uf/ tyf ;"lt{ d'Vo sRrf kbfy{ x'g] j:t' pTkfbg
ug]{ pBf]u / ljo/ tyf dlb/f pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u .
#_ 9'+uf, lu6\6L, afn'jf pTvgg\, k|zf]wg ug]{ pBf]ux? .
$_ If]qut P]gn] Joj:yf u/]sf cg'dlt lng'kg]{ pBf]ux? .

#))

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cg';"rL(
-bkmf !&=@ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
clt cljsl;t If]q
!= afh'/f

@= hfh/sf]6

#= 8f]Nkf

$= x'Dnf

%= h'Dnf,

^= sfnLsf]6

&= bfr'{nf

*= c5fd

(= jemf

!)= d'u'

!!= ?s"d

!@= ;Nofg

!#= b}n]v

!$= /f]Nkf

!%= t]x|y'd

!^= 8f]6L

!&= vf]6f

!*= ;+v'jf;ef

!(= dgf

@)= d':tf

@!= ;f]n'v'Dj'

@@= tfKn]h'

@#= cf]vn9'f

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#)!

cg';"rL!)
-bkmf !&=# ;Fu ;DalGwt_
cljsl;t If]q
!= j}t8L

@= 88]nw'/f

#= DofUbL

$= ef]hk'/

%= Onfd

^= l;Gw'nL

&= kfFry/

*= Ko"7fg

(= jfUn'

!)= /;'jf

!!= l;Gw'kfNrf]s

!@= u'NdL

!# kj{t

!$= bf]nvf

!%= /fd]5fk

#)@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cg';"rL!!
-bkmf !&=$ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
sd ljsl;t If]q
!= s}nfnL

@= jlb{of

#= s~rgk'/

$= kfNkf

%= nDh'

^= uf]/vf

&= c3f{vfFrL

*= wgs'6f

(= ;'v]{t

!)= bf

!!= :ofhf

!@= tgx'F

!#= pbok'/

!$= g'jfsf]6

!%= wflb

!^= sfe|]Kfnf~rf]s

!&= slknj:t'

!*= l;/fxf

!(= afFs]

@)= wg'iff

@!= /f}tx6

@@ ;Kt/L

@#= ;nf{xL

@$= dxf]Q/L

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#)#

cfk"lt{ gLlt, @)^(


!= k[i7e"ld
j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] dfu / cfk"lt{ aLrdf cGof]Gofl>t ;DaGw /x]sf] x'G5 .
j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] dfu / cfk"lt{aLrsf] ;Gt'ng k|efjsf/L tyf Jojl:yt
ug{ ljutdf ePsf k|of; tyf ljBdfg Joj:yfn] ;do ;fk]Ifkdf ck]lIft
k|ltkmn lbg;s]sf] 5}g . Psflt/ v'nf / k|lt:kwf{Tds cy{tGqdf cfk"lt{
Joj:yfkg If]q lbgfg'lbg lj:t[t, hl6n / r'gf}tLk"0f{ aGb} uO/x]sf] 5 eg]
csf]l{ t/ ;du| cfk"lt{ If]qsf] Joj:yfkg, lgodg / k|zf;gsf] nflu xfn;Dd
PsLs[t gLltut Joj:yf gePsf]n] ;dGjofTds 9n] sfo{qmd ;+rfng
ug{ sl7gfO{ eO/x]sf] 5 . o;} k[i7e"lddf cGt/f{li6o l;4fGt tyf Jojxf/nfO{
b[li6ut ub}{ d'n'ssf] cfk"lt{ k|0ffnL tyf ljBdfg ;+/rgfdf ;dofg's"n
kl/jt{g u/L ljBdfg kl/j]zdf ljutdf ePsf sdL sdhf]/LnfO{ ;RofpFb}
b]z / hgtfsf] ck]Iff cg';f/ ;dli6ut ;fdflhs, cfly{s, Joj;flos
tyf ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfxdf ;sf/fTds tyf lbuf] kl/jt{g ug]{ clek|fon]
cfk"lt{ gLlt, @)^* hf/L ul/Psf] 5 . of] gLltn] d'n'ssf] ;du| cfk"lt{
If]qnfO{ plrt kdf Joj:yfkg ug{ dfu{ lgb]{zssf] e"ldsf v]Ng] ck]Iff
lnPsf] 5 . o; gLltsf] dfWodaf6 pkef]QmfxnfO{ cTofjZos j:t' tyf
;]jf s'g} cj/f]wlagf :j:y k|lt:kwf{sf cfwf/df, kof{Kt, ;xh, ;'ne /
u'0f:t/Lo kdf pknAw u/fpg] ;DaGwdf gLltut tyf ;+:yfut ;'wf/
sfo{nfO{ cl3 a9fpg cfwf/ k|fKt x'g'sf ;fy} ;dli6ut cfk"lt{If]qsf]
k|zf;g, Joj:yfkg tyf lgodgsf] nflu lbzfaf]w ;d]t x'g] ljZjf;
/flvPsf] 5 .
@= ljutsf k|of;x
jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnosf] :jLs[t sfo{If]q tyf ljifout lhDd]jf/L
cg';f/ cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkg;Fu ;DalGwt sfo{x ug{ dGqfnodf k|zf;g,
;+:yfg cfk"lt{ dxfzfvf tyf Pp6f 5'} ahf/ cg'udg, cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkg
tyf ;+:yfg zfvfsf] kdf ;+:yfut ;+/rgfsf] Joj:yf 5 . ;fy}, cfk"lt{
Joj:yfnfO{ ;/n, ;an, ;Ifd tyf k|efjsf/L agfpg ;do;dodf
s]Gb|bl] v :yfgLo:t/;Dd ljleGg ;ldlt jf o:t} :jksf ljleGg ;+:yfut
#)$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

;+oGqxsf] Joj:yf x'Fb} cfO/x]sf] 5 .


b]zdf pkef]Uo j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{nfO{ plrt Aoj:yfkg ug{ ljz]if
s'g} gLlt, sfg"g tyf 7f]; ;+oGq geP tfklg ljutdf ;/sf/n] cfjZos
;]jf ;+rfng P]g, @)!$, cfjZos kbfy{ lgoGq0f P]g, @)!&, k]6]06
l8hfOg / 6]8dfs{ P]g, @)@@, vfB P]g, @)@#, :6]088{ gfk / tf}n P]g,
@)@%, :yfgLo k|zf;g P]g, @)@*, sfnf]ahf/ tyf s]xL cGo ;fdflhs
ck/fw tyf ;hfo P]g, @)#@, cf}ifwL P]g, @)#%, g]kfn u'0f:t/ P]g,
@)#&, g]kfn u'0f:t/ k|df0f lrXg P]g, @)#&, sL6gfzs ljiffbL P]g,
@)$&, pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f P]g, @)%$, k|lt:kwf{ k|j4{g tyf ahf/ ;+/If0f
P]g, @)^#, cflb h:tf cfk"lt{ If]q;Fu ;DalGwt sfg"gxsf] Joj:yf /
ljleGg sfo{sf/L, k|zf;lgs tyf Goflos lg0f{o / lgb]{zgxaf6 cfk"lt{
k| 0 ffnLnfO{ ;xh / r' : t agfpg k| o f; x' b } cfPsf] b] l vG5 .
ljutdf ;/sf/n] v'nf ahf/ tyf pbf/Ls/0fsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ ;d]t
cfTd;ft ub}{ cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkgnfO{ cufl8 a9fPsf] kfOG5 eg] b]zsf
u/La, lgd'vf, b'ud
{ tyf ;+s6u|:t If]qsf hgtfnfO{ cTofjZos j:t' tyf
;]jfsf] ;xh pknAwtf tyf kx'r
F a9fpg / hgtfsf] cfwf/e"t cfjZostfnfO{
;Daf]wg ug{ klg ljleGg k|of; ub}{ cfPsf] b]lvG5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] ljleGg
sfg"g, cfjlws of]hgf, gLlt tyf sfo{qmd Pj+ ;do;dosf] ah]6
jQmJodfk{mt klg cTofjZos pkef]Uo j:t' jf ;]jf cfd gful/snfO{
;xh, ;'ne / u'0f:t/Lo kdf pknAw u/fpg, cefju|:t, lk5l8Psf
b'ud{ / cfsl:ds k|sf]k kLl8t If]qdf pkef]Uo ;fdu|Lsf] aGbf]j:t ldnfpg
tyf pTkfbs / pkef]QmfaLr pTkflbt j:t' Pj+ ;]jfsf] k|jfxnfO{ lglj{g
kfg{ k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f u/L ;DalGwt ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] ;+rfng,
Joj:yfkg ldnfO{ cfk"lt{ Joj:yfnfO{ ;'lglZrt, Jojl:yt tyf k|efjsf/L
agfpg lg/Gt/ k|of; ub}{ cfPsf] b]lvG5 . o;sf ;fy} /fHosf] cfGtl/s
;|ft] ;fwg tyf Ifdtf ckof{Kt ePsf] cfsl:ds cj:yfdf l5d]sL d'ns
' x
tyf lkIfLo / ax'kIfLo cGt/f{li6o ;xof]u ;d]t lnO{ cTofjZos pkef]Uo
j:t' s f] cfk" l t{ n fO{ ;xh agfpg] k| o f; ub} { cfPsf] kfOG5 .
#= jt{dfg l:ylt
cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkgsf] nflu ljutdf ul/Psf ljleGg sfg"gL tyf ;+:yfut
k|of;xsf] afah"b klg b]zdf cfk"lt{sf] ;Ifd, ;'ne tyf k|efjsf/L
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#)%

Joj:yfn] ck]lIft k|ult xfl;n ug{ g;s]sf] oyfy{ xfdL;fd' ljBdfg


5 . b]zsf] x/]s If]qdf cfd pkef]Qmfsf] nflu cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfsf]
cfk"lt{ kof{Kt, ;/n, u'0f:t/Lo / Jojl:yt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . oBlk b'ud{ If]qsf
hgtfnfO{ ;dodf g} kof{Kt / ;xh tl/sfn] vfBj:t', :jf:Yo ;]jf, OGwg,
UofF; nufotsf cfwf/e"t cfjZostfsf] kl/k"lt{ ug{ /fHon] 7"nf] d]xgt
ul//x]sf] cj:yf 5 . Psflt/ g]kfn j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{sf] nflu afXo
b]zaf6 x'g] cfoftdf ;d]t lge{/ /x]sf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ b]zleq 9'jfgLsf]
;xh kx'Fr g/x]sf] cj:yf 5 h;n] ubf{ cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ck]lIft kdf
;j{;'ne / k|efjsf/L x'g;s]sf] 5}g . cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkgsf] d]?b08 tyf
d'Vo cfofdsf] kdf /x]sf] ;fj{hlgslghL ;fem]bf/Lsf] ;+oGq, pkef]Qmf
cg'udg, vfB ;'/Iff, ;+:yfg ;'wf/ tyf ahf/ Joj:yfkg;Fu ;DalGwt
sfg"gx aLr pko'Qm gLltut, ;+:yfut / sfo{ut tfbTDo tyf ;dGjosf]
cefj b]lvG5 . kmn:jk /fHon] xfn;Dd cLsf/ ub}{ cfPsf] cfk"lt{
;+rfng / Joj:yfkgsf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox aLr cgfjZos G x'g]
tyf kof{Kt ;dGjo / bfloTj af]w gx'bF f /fHo / hgtfn] Go"gtd k|ltkmn
klg k|fKt ug{ g;ls/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . clxn] wgL / ul/aaLr cfo tyf
hLjg:t/sf] b'/L Hofb} km/flsnf] ePsf]n] ul/a, lgd'vf tyf Go"g cfo
ePsf hgtf cTolws dsf{df k/]sf] l:ylt 5 .
cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkgdf lg/Gt/ cg'udg, lg/LIf0f tyf cg';Gwfg / sf/jfxL
k|lqmof Jojxfl/s / j}1flgs x'g g;s]sf]n] cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkg cGtu{t
ljleGg ;+3;+:yf, ;d"x tyf If]qxsf k|0ffnLdf cfk/flws lqmofsnfkxsf
;fy} b08xLgtf klg a9\b} uPsf] b]lvG5 . cyf{t /fHon] ;do;fk]If kdf
cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkgsf] nflu ug'{kg]{ ;'wf/sf] cefjdf ;Dk"0f{ cfk"lt{ If]q
:jR5, k|lt:kwf{Tds, Joj;flos aGg g;ls/x]sf] b]lvG5 . ljBdfg
kl/l:yltdf /fHon] cfk"lt{;Fu k|ToIf ;/f]sf/ /fVg] df}lns xs / /fHosf
lgb]{zs l;4fGt tyf gLltxnfO{ ;d]t Jofjxfl/s kdf cLsf/ ub}{
hfg] ;Gbe{df cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkgsf] ljBdfg ;+oGq / k|0ffnLdf ;dofg'sn
"
kl/jt{g ug{ cfjZos x'g cfPsf] 5 . o;} k[i7e"lddf hf/L ul/Psf] o;
gLltsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 b]zdf lgoldt, ;j{;'ne /
;xhkdf u'0f:t/Lo cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfxsf] cfk"lt{ x'g] jftfj/0f
;[hgf x'gs
' f ;fy} pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f tyf cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkgdf dxTjk"0f{
/ ;sf/fTds kfGt/0f x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .
#)^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

$= ;d:of tyf r'gf}tL


/fHosf] cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkg k|efjsf/L, ;an, ;Ifd tyf ;do;fk]If kdf
hgck]Iff cg'?k Jojl:yt tyf j}1flgs x'g g;Sg' g} clxn]sf] d"n ;d:of
xf] . ljBdfg ;dodf klg cfk"lt{ Joj:yf k/Dk/fut Pj+ tby{jfbdf
cfwfl/t /x]sf]n] b]z / hgtfsf nflu cTofjZos pkef]Uo ;fdu|L kof{Kt
dfqfdf ;'ne tyf ;'ky d"Nodf pknAw x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . cfk"lt{If]q
ljljw clglZrttfsf] sf/0f cfqmfGt e}/x]sf] 5 eg] hgtfn] kfpg'kg]{
cfwf/e"t ;fdu|Lx h:t} vfBfGg, OGwg, :jf:Yo nufotsf ;]jfx ;d]t
;dodf pknAw x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . g]kfnsf] cfk"lt{ Joj:yf w]/} xb;Dd
b]zleqaf6 dfq ;Lldt geO{ afXo cfk"lt{df ;d]t lge{/ 5 . kmn:jk
ldq /fi6x;+usf] ;DaGwn] klg o;dfly oy]i6 k|efj kfg]{ u/]sf] 5 .
b]zsf] ef}uf]lns ljs6tfsf sf/0f j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] pknAwtf, ljt/0f
tyf 9'jfgLdf klg s]xL xb;Dd sl7gfO{ ef]Ug' k/]sf] 5 . k|efjsf/L cg'udg,
d"Nofg / lgodgsf] cefjdf o; If]qdf b08xLgtfn] k|>o kfO{ sf6]l{ n,
sfnfahf/L, c:jfefljs dxFuL x'g' / hglxt x'g] u/L ahf/ ;+rfng tyf
Joj:yfkg gx'g' h:tf r'gf}tLk"0f{ cj:yf ljBdfg 5 . /fHosf] ;+ljwfg,
cfjlws of]hgf, ah]6 tyf ;do;dodf /fHon] hgtf;fd' ug]{ cfk"lt{
;DaGwL k|lta4tfnfO{ klg 7f]; PsLs[t sfg"g, ;+:yfut Joj:yf /
;|f]t;fwgsf] cefjsf sf/0f tyf :yfgLo:t/;Dd kof{Kt hgr]tgf k'Ug
g;s]sfn] Jojxf/df ptfg{ ;lsPsf] 5}g .
ljutdf ;/sf/n] cfk"lt{ Joj:yfsf nflu ahf/sf s]Gb|bl] v :yfgLo:t/;Dd
l;h{gf u/]sf] ;+oGq tyf cfwf/e"t j:t' tyf ;]jf cfk"lt{sf nflu u7g
ul/Psf ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] Joj:yfkg sdhf]/ tyf x|f;f]Gd'v ePsf]n]
klg cfGtl/s cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkgnfO{ yk hl6n / r'gf}tLk"0f{ agfPsf] 5 .
jt{dfg cj:yfdf cfd gful/sxsf] a9\bf] rfxgf, clwsf/k|ltsf] a9\bf]
r]tgf / b]zsf /fhg}lts kl/jt{gn] NofPsf] ;fdflhs tyf dfgjLo
ljsf;sf] kl/jt{gn] cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkgnfO{ s]Gb|bl] v :yfgLo:t/;Dd k|efjsf/L
/ j}1flgs agfO{ sfof{Gjogdf ptfg{ /fHo ;dIf yk bafa >[hgf u/]sf]
5 . b]zdf lau|bF f] cf}Bf]lus ;DaGw, ;/sf/pBf]uL aLrsf] G, c:jfefljs
kdf a9\bf] dxFuL, sfnfahf/L, sf6]{ln h:tf lau|Fbf] cfly{s sf/stTjn]
klg cfk" l t{ Joj:yfsf nflu yk r' g f} t L ;[ h gf u/] s f] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#)&

%= gofF gLltsf] cfjZostf


cTofjZos pkef]Uo j:t' tyf ;]jf cfd gful/snfO{ ;xh, ;'ne /
u'0f:t/Lo kdf pknAw u/fpg, cefju|:t, u/LjLk|tfl8t hghLjg /
cfsl:ds k|sf]k kLl8t If]qdf pkef]Uo ;fdu|Lsf] jGbf]j:t ldnfpg,
pTkfbs / pkef]QmfaLr pTkflbt j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] k|jfxnfO{ lglj{g kfg{
/ k|efjsf/L dfusf] >[hgff/f cfly{s lqmofsnfknfO{ hLjGt t'NofO{ ;'ne,
;'ky, ;'Jojl:yt / lgaf{w kn] j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{nfO{ ;'lglZrt
Joj:yf tyf lgoGq0fsf ;fy} cfd pkef]Qmfdf ljZj;gLo jftfj/0fsf]
k|Tofe"lt k|bfg u/L cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkgnfO{ ;Ifdtfk"j{s sfof{Gjog ug{
:ki6 gLltsf] cfjZostf dx;'; ePsf] 5 .
j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] dfu / cfk"lt{sf] dfGotfdf cfwfl/t k"0f{ k|lt:kwf{Tds
ahf/sf dfWodaf6 cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ;+rfng x'g'kg]{ cfjZostf Psftkm{
5 eg] csf]t{ km{ ;fdflhs, cfly{s, z}lIfskn] sdhf]/, :jtGqkn] 5gf}6
ug{ c;Ifd hg;d'bfo tyf ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] ;'ljwf gk'u]sf / ahf/
ljsf;sf] Go"gtf /x]sf e]udf lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ub}{ u}/;/sf/L
;+3;+:yf / gful/s ;dfhnfO{ ;fydf lnP/ ;/sf/L ;+oGq dfk{mt
;x'lnotk"0f{ cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{ ljBdfg cj:yf /x]sf] 5 .
;Defljt k|fs[lts k|sf]k tyf cfkt\sfnLg cj:yfnfO{ ;d]t dWogh/ ub}{
Jojl:yt ug{ vfB ;'/Iffsf] e/kbf]{ k|aGw ldnfpg klg h?/L g} 5 .
log} cj:yfnfO{ dWogh/df /fv]/ pko'Qm gLltut cfwf/df sfo{d"ns
of]hgf, 5l/tf] ;+:yfut ;+oGq, k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog k|0ffnL, Gofo;+ut
/ k|f]T;fxgd"ns lgodg k4ltsf] dfWodaf6 plrt d"Nodf ljZj;gLo,
u'0f:t/Lo, ;j{;'ne cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ldnfpg / cfly{s ;'wf/sf gjLg
cfofdxnfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ Go"g cfo ePsf tyf ul/aLsf] /]vfd'lg /x]sf
hgtfnfO{ /fxt k'ofpg ;lsof]; eGg] p2]Zo lnP/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] o;
gLltsf] th'{df u/sf] 5 .
ahf/df s[lqd cefj, sfnfahf/L rqm tyf Psflwsf/ k|0ffnL -l;l08s]6_,
ldnf]dtf]k"0f{ efp lgwf{/0f-sf6]{ln_ tyf ahf/ k|j]zdf cj/f]w h:tf u}/
k|lt:kwL{ lqmofsnfk u/L j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] ;xh cfk"lt{ x'g glbO{ d"No
j[l4 ug]{, vfB tyf k]o kbfy{df ld;fj6 ug]{, u'0f:t/xLg j:t'sf] laqmL
ljt/0f ug]{ / cf}ifwL, vfBfGg h:tf cTofjZos j:t'sf] ;xh / lg/Gt/
#)*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

cfk"lt{df Jojwfg pTkGg ug]{ k|jl[ tnfO{ lgoGq0f u/L pkef]QmfnfO{ cTofjZos
j:t' tyf ;]jf s'g} cj/f]w ljgf :jR5 k|lt:kwf{Tds / plrt d"Nodf ;xh
tj/n] lg/Gt/ kdf pkef]u ug]{ u/fpg] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug'{ /fHosf]
d' V o bfloTj xf] eGg] dfGotfdf of] gLlt th' { d f ePsf] 5 .
^= nIo -Goal_
b]zdf cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jf ;xh, ;'ne / lgoldt kdf plrt
u'0f:t/ / d"Nodf cfk"lt{ x'g] Joj:yf ldnfO{ pkef]Qmfsf] xs lxtsf] ;+/If0f
ug]{ .
&= p2]Zo (Objectives)
&=! u'0f:t/Lo j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] lgoldt / ;j{;'ne kdf ;xh
cfk"lt{sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;fj{hlgs, lghL / ;xsf/L If]qnfO{
k|f]T;flxt u/L k|lt:kwf{Tds t'Nofpg] .
&=@ pkef]Qmfsf] xs lxt / clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ .
&=# cfk"lt{ x'g] j:t' jf ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/ sfod ug]{ tyf oyfy{k/s nfut
d"Nosf] cfwf/df pkef]Qmf d"No k|0ffnLnfO{ :yflkt u/fpg] .
&=$ /fli6o kdf vfB ;'/Iff Joj:yfsf] nflu cfjZos k|aGw ug]{ .
&=% cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfdf ;xh kx'Fr gk'u]sf, Go"g cfo
ePsf ljkGg tyf b'u{d If]qsf pkef]Qmfsf] ;'ljwf / /fxtsf]
nflu PsLs[t cfk"lt{ k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug]{ .
&=^ j:t' tyf ;]jfdf x'g] sfnf]ahf/L / s[lqd cefj lgoGq0f ug]{ .
&=& j:t' tyf ;]jfdf x'g] u}/ k|lt:kwf{Tds lqmofsnfknfO{ lgoGq0f
ug]{ .
*= gLlt (Policy)
*=! cfk"lt{ (Supplies) :
*=!=! cfk"lt{ Joj:yfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg ;fj{hlgs, lghL
tyf ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
*=!=@ cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] lgoldt / ;j{;n
' e 9+uaf6
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#)(

cfk"lt{ ug{ cfjZos k"jf{wf/ Pj+ ;+/rgfx tof/ ug{


k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
*=!=# vfBfGg cefj ePsf If]qdf vfBfGg cfk"lt{ ug'{sf ;fy}
ljkGg ju{sf nflu ;'ky d"Nodf vfBfGg cfk"lt{ ug]{
;+oGqsf] ljsf; u/L cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ;'lglZrt ul/g]5 .
*=!=$ cTofjZos vfB j:t' tyf cGo pkef]Uo j:t'sf] cfk"lt{nfO{
;xh, ;'ne / k|efjsf/L t'Nofpg tyf s[lqd cefj
;[hgf x'g glbO{ cg'lrt d"No j[l4 lgoGq0f ug{ g]kfn
;/sf/n] cfjZostfg' ; f/ ahf/ x:tIf] k ug{ ] 5 .
*=!=% b'u{d If]qxdf ahf/ tyf d"No l:y/Ls/0fsf nflu vfBfGg
tyf cGo cTofjZos j:t' ;+ro ug]{ sfo{qmdnfO{ k|efjsf/L
kdf ;+rfng ug{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfxnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
*=!=^ :yfgLo:t/df cfjZos kg]{ u'0f:t/Lo cTofjZos j:t'sf]
cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkg sfo{df :yfgLo lgsfosf] e"ldsfnfO{
k|efjsf/L agfOg]5 .
*=!=& :yfgLo:t/df pTkflbt j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] pkef]unfO{
k|fyldstf / k|f]T;fxg lbOg]5 .
*=!=* vfB ;Dk|et' fsf] sfg"gL cfwf/nfO{ s]lGb|st[ u/L vfBfGgsf]
jLpljhg tyf dnsf] cfk"lt{ lglZrt dfkb08, u'0f:t/
/ tf}n cg';f/sf] x'g] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
*=@ pkef]Qmf (Consumer) :
*=@=! pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f ug{ pkef]Qmfsf k|ltlglwd"ns
;+3;+:yfxnfO{ kl/rflnt u/L hgr]tgf clej[l4, ;'emfj
;+sng, cBfjlws ;"rgf k|0ffnL ljsf; / k|rf/k|;f/;DaGwL
sfo{qmdx ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
*=@=@ vfBfGg Joj:yfkg ug{nfO{ ljleGg If]qaf6 k|ltlglwTj
x'g] u/L pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f kl/ifb\ cGtu{t If]qLo:t/df
vfBfGg Joj:yfkg ;ldlt u7g ul/g]5 / ;fj{hlgs
;+:yfgx ;d]tsf] dfWodaf6 vfBfGgsf] e08f/0f tyf
ljt/0fsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
#!)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

*=@=# pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f / ahf/ jftfj/0fnfO{ cg'zfl;t /


kf/bzL{ agfpgsf nflu cfk"lt{, d"No, u'0f:t/, tf}n,
pkef]Uo ldlt, nfut d"No ;"rLsf] cg'udg sfo{ ug{
pkef]Qmf ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw ;lxt jfl0fHo ljefu, g]kfn
u'0f:t/ tyf gfktf}n ljefu, pBf]u ljefu, vfB k|ljlw
tyf u'0f lgoGq0f ljefu, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljefu,
lg/LIf0f clws[tsf] sfof{no / j:t' tyf ;]jf k|bfos
;DalGwt lgsfo nufot cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ ;d]t
;dGjofTds kdf kl/rfng ul/g]5 .
*=@=$pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f ljifodf cWoog, cg';Gwfg sfo{nfO{
k|fT] ;flxt ul/g'sf ;fy} pkef]Qmf clwsf/ ;DaGwdf lzIff
lbgsf nflu z}lIfs kf7\oqmd tof/ u/L slDtdf dfWolds
txdf pkef]Qmf lzIff lbg] Joj:yf ldnfpg'sf ;fy} cfk"lt{
tyf d"No cg'udg gLlt / sfo{qmdxsf] cWoog ug]{
Joj:yf ;d]t ldnfOg]5 .
*=@=% pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f ug{ cTofjZos j:t'xsf] e08f/0f
l:yltsf] ;"rgf k|jfx ug]{ / ltgsf] u'0f:t/, nfut
cg'udgsf nflu cfjZos sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
*=# cg'udg (Monitoring)
*=#=! cfk" l t{ Joj:yf k| e fjsf/L agfpg s] G b| L o, If] q Lo,
:yfgLo:t/df j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] nfut, d"No / cfk"lt{
cg'udg ug]{ k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
*=#=@ cTofjZos j:t'xsf] cfk"lt{ tyf e08f/0f / nfut
cg'udg ug]{ k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
*=#=# cTofjZos pkef]Uo j:t' Pj+ lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lxsf] dfu
/ cfk"lt{sf] ljZn]if0f / k|If]k0f u/L ;f] ;DaGwL ;"rgf
k|jfx ul/g]5 .
*=#=$ s]Gb|Lo, If]qLo / :yfgLo cg'udg ;ldltnfO{ ;lqmo t'NofpFb}
:yfgLo lgsfonfO{ ;xefuL u/fO{ cg'udg sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L
agfpg ljz] i f :yfoL ;+ o Gqsf] lgdf{ 0 f ul/g] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#!!

*=$ vfB ;'/Iff (Food Security)


*=$=! cTofjZos vfBj:t'xsf] ahf/ l:y/Ls/0f / vfB ;'/Iffsf]
nflu /fli6o, If]qLo Pj+ :yfgLo:t/df vfBfGg ;~ro
-Buffer stock_ ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
*=$=@ b'ud
{ If]qxdf vfB ;'/Iffsf] nflu ;+ro tyf e08f/0fsf]
ljz]if Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
*=$=# dfgj :jf:Yosf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ lglZrt dfkb08 cg'ksf]
u' 0 f:t/Lo vfBj:t' cfk" l t{ s f] Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
*=$=$b'u{d If]qdf vfB ;'/Iffsf] l:ylt lglZrt ug{sf nflu
;DalGwt lgsfoxsf] ;xof]udf :yfgLo vfBj:t' pTkfbg
ug{ ljz]if sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
*=$=%k|fs[lts k|sf]k / cfktsfnLg cj:yfaf6 k|efljt hgtfnfO{
cfjZos j:t' tyf ;]jf pknAw u/fpg ljz]if sfo{qmd
;~rfng ul/g]5 .
*=$=^ vfB ;Dk|et' f / ef]slj?4sf] clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug{ ljz]if
sfo{qmd th'{df ul/g]5 .
*=% ;+:yfut ;'wf/
*=%=! cfk"lt{ Joj:yfdf ;+nUg /xg] ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxn] k|jfx ug]{
;]jfsf] k|efjsfl/tf j[l4 ug{] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
*=%=@ d'nse/ cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jf cfk"lt{ ug]{ PsLs[t
;]jf s]Gb|, pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L k;n, ;'ky d"No k;n jf
u|fdL0f ;xsf/L k;nxsf] ;+:yfut ljsf; tyf ;'b9[ Ls/0f
ug{ cfjZos sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
*=%=# cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkgdf ;+nUg lghL If]qsf] ;+:yfut ljsf;nfO{
k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
*=^ ahf/ ;DaGwL
*=^=! ahf/df Psflwsf/L k|j[lQ, s[lqd cefj, d'gfkmfvf]/L
nufot cfk"lt{df Jojwfg x'g] lqmofsnfk /f]Sg s]Gb|Lo,
#!@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

If]qLo, lhNnf / :yfgLo cg'udg ;ldltxnfO{ ;lqmo


t'NofOg]5 . ;fy}, pTkfbs, cfoftstf{ / yf]s ljq]mtfxn]
laqmL ug]{ j:t'sf] ;+ro / e08f/0f l:ylt ;fj{hlgs
ug{'kg]{ k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
*=^=@ dfly pNn]lvt cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL df}hb' f sfg"gxnfO{
PsLs[t / ;dofg's"n agfO{ k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf]
Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
(= /0fgLlt (Strategies)
(=! cfk"lt{ (Supplies) M
(=!=! ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgx, lghL If]qsf nufgLstf{, Jofkfl/s
k| l ti7fgx tyf ;xsf/L ;+ 3 ;+ : yfxnfO{ cfk" l t{
Joj:yfkgdf ;lqmo kdf ;xefuL u/fOg] 5 .
(=!=@ cfk"lt{ Joj:yfnfO{ ;xh, r':t / k|efjsf/L agfpg
;fj{hlgs, lghL tyf ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ ;xefuL u/fO{
;dGjofTds ?kdf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ ;/sf/n]
;xhstf{sf] e"ldsf v]Ng]5 .
(=!=# ;/sf/n] lghL nufgLstf{ Pj+ ;xsf/L If]qsf] ;xeflutfdf
cfk"lt{ If]qsf] cfjZos k"jf{wf/ / ;+/rgfsf] ljsf; /
lj:tf/df 6]jf k'ofpg]5 .
(=!=$ cTofjZos pkef]Uo j:t' tyf ;]jf, lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lxsf]
cfk"lt{ ;j{;n
' e Pj+ lgoldt ug{ u/fpg, pTkfbg, cfoft,
lgof{t / laqmL d"No;DaGwL ;"rgf k|jfx ug]{ k|0ffnLnfO{
ljsl;t ul/g]5 .
(=!=% cTofjZos vfBj:t' tyf pkef]Uo j:t'sf] cfk"lt{nfO{
;xh, ;'ne / k|efjsf/L t'Nofpg tyf s[lqd d"Noj[l4
lgoGq0f ug{ ;/sf/n] cfjZostfg';f/ ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgx
dfkm{t ahf/ x:tIf]k ug]{5 .
(=!=^ cg';"rL ! df plNnlvt cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfsf]
cfoft ;'ne u/L cfk"lt{ Joj:yfnfO{ ;'b[9 t'NofOg]5 .
;fy} b]zleq ;xh kdf cfk"lt{ x'g g;s]sf] cTofjZos

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#!#

j:t'xsf] lgof{tnfO{ cfjZostfg';f/ /f]Ssf ul/g]5 .


(=!=& cfGtl/s cfjZostf k"lt{ ug]{ / lgsf;LhGo s[lif tyf
cf}Bf]lus j:t'sf] pTkfbg Ifdtfdf j[l4 ug]{ sfo{df ;3fp
k'ofOg]5 .
(=!=* kxf8L tyf b'u{d If]qdf ;xsf/L dfkm{t cfk"lt{sf] nflu
;xof]u x'g] v]tL / afnL ljsf; sfo{qmdx nfu" ug{
;DalGwt lgsfox;Fu ;dGjo ul/g]5 .
(=!=( aLp ljhg, dnsf] dfkb08 u'0f:t/ Pj+ lglZrt tf}nsf
nflu s[lif ljsf; dGqfno Pj+ o; If]qdf ;Da4 cg';Gwfg
s]Gb|x;Fu ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ ul/g]5 .
(=!=!) b'ud
{ , cefju|:t, lghL If]qsf] kx'r
F gePsf] tyf s]Gb|Lo
cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ;ldltn] tf]ss
] f] If]q / ju{nfO{ nlIft u/L
PsLs[t cfk"lt{ Joj:yf nfu" u/L ;/sf/L ;+:yfgxaf6
ljt/0f x'g] j:t' tyf ;]jfx cfk"lt{ ug]{ sfo{sf] nflu
/fHo ;' l jwf jf /f;g sf8{ s f] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
(=!=!! pkef]Qmfxsf] :jf:YonfO{ Wofgdf /fvL u'0f:t/Lo j:t'
tyf ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{ Joj:yfnfO{ ;'lglZrt ul/g]5 .
(=!=!@ :jb]zL pTkfbg tyf ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{nfO{ k|lt:kwL{ agfOg]5 .
(=@ pkef]Qmf (Consumer) M
(=@=! pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0fsf] nflu ;"rgf tyf r]tgfd"ns
sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
(=@=@ pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0fsf nflu ;f] If]qdf sfo{/t JolQm,
;+3 ;+:yfxnfO{ ;lqmo agfOg]5 .
(=@=# pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f ug{ s]Gb|Lo, If]qLo, lhNnf tyf
:yfgLo cg'udg ;ldlt / lg/LIf0f clws[txnfO{ ;lqmo
agfOg]5 .
(=@=$ pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0fsf nflu u7g ePsf ;+oGqxnfO{
k|efjsf/L agfpg g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfjZos ;fwg ;|f]t
h'6fpg] Joj:yf ldnfpg]5 .
#!$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

(=@=% pkef]Qmf clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug{sf nflu ;a} lhNnfdf


pkef] Q mf cbfntsf] :yfkgf ug{ kxn ul/g] 5 .
(=@=^ pkef]Qmf ;r]tgfsf] nflu dfWolds txb]lv g} pkef]Qmf
lzIffsf] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
(=@=& pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0fsf] nflu pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f sf]ifsf]
Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
(=# cg'udg (Monitoring) M
(=#=! j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] dfu tyf cfk"lt{, d"No, nfut cg'dfg
;DaGwdf pkef]Qmf ;+3 ;+:yf nufot ;DalGwt lgsfox
Pj+ cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfxsf] ;+nUgtf /x]sf] pko'Qm ;+oGq
lgdf{0f u/L lgwf{/0f, k|If]k0f / ljZn]if0f ug]{ Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
(=#=@ j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/, d"No, kl/df0f, laqmL ljt/0f
tyf cfk"lt{ Joj:yfsf] lgoldt cg'udg u/L ;xh cfk"lt{
agfO{ /fVg / pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0fnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{
pkef] Q mf lxt;F u ;DalGwt ;+ 3 ;+ : yf Pj+ cGo
;/f]sf/jfnfx / gful/s ;dfh ;d]tsf] ;+nUgtfdf Ps
;+oGq lgdf{0f ul/g]5 . o:tf] ;+oGqn] ;LdfGts[t ju{, If]q
/ ;d'bfo tyf b'u{d, kxf8L lhNnfdf cTofjZos j:t'
tyf ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{ ;xh eP gePsf] ljifodf ;d]t
cg'udg ug{]5 .
(=#=# j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] nfut ljZn]if0f u/L nfutdf plrt d'gfkmfsf]
k|ltzt hf]8L laqmL d"No lgwf{/0f eP gePsf] ljZn]if0f
ul/g]5 . ;fy}, j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] ;+ro dfkb08 tof/
ul/g]5 . dfkb08 ljk/Lt ;+ro ug]{ / cg'lrt d'gfkmf lnO{
Jofkfl/s lqmofsnfk ug]{ k|j[lQnfO{ lg?T;flxt ug{ o;
;DaGwL sfg"gsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogdf hf]8 lbOg]5 .
(=$ vfB ;'/Iff (Food Security) M
(=$=! b]zdf k|fs[lts k|sf]k jf cTolws dfusf] l;h{gfaf6
pTkGg x'g;Sg] cefjsf] l:yltnfO{ ;xh ug{ rfdn, bfn,
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#!%

g"g, t]n nufotsf vfBfGg, k]6f]lnod kbfy{ cflb


cTofjZos j:t'xsf] slDtdf # dlxgfsf] nflu cfjZos
kl/df0fdf ;+ro e08f/0f (Buffer Stock) sf] Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
(=$=@ vfBfGg cefjGo"g x'g] b'ud
{ lhNnfxdf 9'jfgL cg'bfg
lbO{ vfBfGg -rfdn,g"g cflb_ cfk"lt{ ug]{ Joj:yfnfO{
lg/Gt/tf lbOg]5 . ;fy}, To:tf lhNnfdf Jofj;flos
kdf cGg afnLsf] v]tL ug{sf] nflu ljz]if sfo{qmdx
;~rfng ug{ s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno;F+u ;dGjo /
;xsfo{ ul/g]5 .
(=$=# cfkTsfnLg cj:yfdf vfBfGgsf] cefj x'g glbg /fli6o
tyf blIf0f PlzofnL If]qLo ;xof]u ;+u7gsf nflu vfBfGg
e08f/0f - Buffer Stock _ sf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
(=$=$ vfB ;'/Iffsf nflu d'ns
' leq If]qLo tyf :yfgLo:t/df
cfjZos kl/df0fdf vfBfGg ;+rosf] Joj:yf ug{ lghL
tyf ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgnfO{ cfjZostfg';f/ kl/rfng
ul/g]5 .
(=% cfk"lt{ cfo'Qm (Supply Commissioner) ;DaGwL Joj:yf M
(=%=! j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] dfu / cfk"lt{aLr ;Gt'ng NofO{ cfk"lt{
Joj:yfnfO{ ;xh, ;'b[9 / k|efjsf/L t'Nofpg k|To]s
lhNnfdf Ps cfk"lt{ cfo'Qmsf] lgo'lQm ul/g]5 . cfk"lt{
cfo'Qmsf]] lgo'QmL geP;Ddsf] nflu ;DalGwt lhNnfsf]
k| d ' v lhNnf clwsf/Ln] cfo' Q msf] sfo{ ug] { 5 .
(=%=@ cfk"lt{ cfo'Qmsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd
x'g]5 M

#!^

lhNnfsf] j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] pTkfbg, dfu / cfk"lt{sf]


tYof ;+sng, ljZn]if0f tyf cBfjlws u/L
lhNnfnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] k|If]k0f
(Projection) ug]{,
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

;'ky d"No k;n, ;xsf/L k;n / PsLs[t ;]jf s]Gb|aLr


;dGjo u/L ;fj{ h lgs ljt/0f k| 0 ffnL (Public
Distribution System) nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg],

lhNnfsf] nflu cfjZos vfBfGg e08f/0f ug{


lhNnf vfB a}+s (District Food Bank) sf]
:yfkgf Pj+ ;~rfng ug{ cfjZos sfo{ ug]{,

j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{ sfo{df ;+nUg ljleGg


;/sf/L, u}/ ;/sf/L / lghL If]qsf lgsfo tyf
Joj;foLx;F u ;dGjo u/L lhNnf tyf
:yfgLo:t/sf] jflif{s tyf cfjlws cfk"lt{ of]hgf
tof/ u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/fpg],

lhNnfdf /x] s f lg/LIf0f tyf ahf/ ;+ / If0f


clws[txaLr ;dGjo u/L sfo{df ;xhLs/0f
ug]{,

ahf/df u'0f:t/Lo j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{ ;'lglZrt


ug{ tyf k|lt:kwL{ ahf/ tof/ ug{ ;xof]u / ;dGjo
ug]{,

pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f sfo{df ;+nUg JolQm / ;+3


;+:yfnfO{ Ifdtf ljsf;sf] nflu cfjZos tfnLd,
k|lzIf0f lbO{ pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0fdf ;lqmo
u/fpg] .

(=^ yf]s, v'b|f / :yfgLo xf6ahf/nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{] M


(=^=! b]zsf ljleGg If]qxdf ;DefJotfsf cfwf/df yf]s ahf/,
xf6ahf/ / v'b|f ahf/ :yfkgf / lj:tf/ u/L cfk"lt{
Joj:yfnfO{ ;xh, ;' b [ 9 / k| e fjsf/L agfOg] 5 .
(=^=@ r]Da/ ckm sd;{, pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3, /fli6o ;xsf/L
;+3, lghL nufgLstf{ tyf Jofkfl/s k|lti7fg cflb h:tf
;+3 ;+:yfsf] ;xof]udf pTkfbs, cfoftstf{, ;+rostf{,
ljt/s, yf]s, v'b|f ljq]mtfxsf] ljj/0f tof/ u/L laqmL
ljt/0f Joj:yfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfOg]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#!&

(=^=# cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfx laqmL ljt/0f ug{] ;'ky


d"Nosf k;n tyf ;xsf/L k;nx ;+rfng ug{ k|fT] ;flxt
ul/g]5 .
(=& ahf/ Joj:yfkg tyf lgodg M
(=&=! pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f / k|lt:kwf{ k|j4{g tyf ahf/ ;+/If0f
sfg"gdf ;dofg'sn
" ;'wf/ u/L sfof{GjognfO{ k|efjsf/L
agfOg]5 .
(=&=@ cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{df Jojwfg x'g glbg
pkef]Qmf ;+3 ;+:yf, gful/s ;dfh, lghL tyf ;xsf/L
If]q ;d]tsf] ;+nUgtfdf cg'udg / lgodg sfo{nfO{
k|efjsf/L agfOg]5 .
(=&=# pTkfbs, cfoftstf{, ljt/s tyf yf]s ljq]mtfxn] laqmL
ug]{ j:t'sf] uf]bfd ;+Vof, Ifdtf, uf]bfddf /x]sf] df}Hbftsf]
ljj/0f lng] / cfjZostf cg';f/ cg'udg ug]{ ;+oGqsf]
lgdf{0f ul/g]5 .
(=&=$ pTkfbs, cfoftstf{, ljt/s tyf yf]s ljq]mtfxn] laqmL
ug]{ j:t'sf] ;fdfGo tyf ljz]if cj:yfdf ;l~rt ug{
kfpg] ;Ldfsf] lgwf{/0f ug]{ tyf lgwf{l/t ;Ldfleq eP
gePsf] cg' u dg ug] { ;+ o Gqsf] ljsf; ul/g] 5 .
(=&=% cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfdf x'g] u}/ k|lt:kwL{ lqmofsnfk
lgoGq0f ug{ 5' } ;+ o Gqsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
(=&=^ ahf/ tyf cfk"lt{;uF ;DalGwt sfg"gxnfO{ ;do;fk]If
?kdf PsLs[t ub}{ nlug]5 .
!)= sfo{gLlt (Action Policy)
!)=! cfk"lt{ (Supplies) :
!)=!=! j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] ;xh cfk"lt{ ;'lglZrt ug{ / s[lqd
d"No j[l4 lgoGq0f ug{ pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L ;+:yf tyf ;f]
;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ cGo ;xsf/L ;+3;+:yfx Pj+ ;Da4
#!*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

lgsfoxnfO{ kl/rfng ul/g]5 . ;fy}, pTkfbs, cfoftstf{,


;+rostf{, ljt/s / yf]s ljq]mtfxn] laqmL ug]{ j:t'sf]
;+ro / e08f/0f l:yltsf] ljj/0f lng] k|0ffnLsf] ljsf;
ul/g]5 .
!)=!=@ cTofjZos j:t'sf] cfk"lt{ Joj:yf k|efjsf/L t'Nofpg
ahf/sf] zf]w, cWoog, cg';Gwfg tyf ljZn]if0f ug]{
Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
!)=!=# cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] v'b|f Pj+ yf]s ahf/sf]
ljsf; / lj:tf/ ug{ lghL If]q, pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L k;n
/ ;' k y d" N o k;nxnfO{ k| f ] T ;flxt ul/g] 5 .
!)=!=$ cfGtl/s pTkfbgaf6 dfu k"/f gx'g] ePdf jf u}/ k|lt:kwL{
lqmofsnfk eO{ s[lqd cefj l;h{gf ePdf ahf/ x:tIf]ksf]
dfWodaf6 cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ;xh ul/g]5 .
!)=!=% cfoftdf e/ kg{k' g]{ k]6f l] nod kbfy{x h:tf cTofjZos
j:t'xsf] cfk"lt{ ;xh / lgoldt agfpg nfut k|efjsf/L
-Cost effective_ x'g] u/L cfk"lt{sf] j}slNks ;|ft] xsf]
klxrfg ul/g]5 . k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] cfk"lt{ Joj:yf
k|efjsf/L agfpg k|lt:kwf{Tds ahf/sf] ljsf; u/L
cGt/f{li6o u'0f:t/ dfkb08 adf]lhdsf] j:t' cfk"lt{ x'g]
Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 . ;fy}, k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] ahf/ d"No
cGt/f{li6o d"No cg'k ;dfof]hg ub}{ nlug]5 . b'u{d
If]qsf Go"g cfo:t/sf ax';+Vos hgtfn] pkof]u ug]{
dlt]nsf] 9'jfgL / laqmL ljt/0f Joj:yfdf ljz]if cg'bfg
lbOg]5 .
!)=!=^ b'ud{ If]qdf vfBfGg cfk"lt{ Jojl:yt ug{sf nflu PsLs[t
cfk"lt{ Joj:yfsf ;fy} cg'bfg (Subsidy) sf] Joj:yf
u/L vfBfGg cfk"lt{ ;xh agfpg] sfo{gLlt lnOg]5 .
!)=!=& b'u{d If]qxdf jiff{ofd cufj} cTofjZos j:t' tyf
;]jfsf] cfk"lt{ tyf ;~ro Joj:yf ldnfpg lghL If]q
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#!(

tyf ;xsf/L ;+:yfxnfO{ plrt ;x'lnot lbO{ pTk]|l/t


ul/g]5 .
!)=!=* b]zsf ;x/L If]qxdf yf]s ahf/sf] :yfkgf / lj:tf/
u/L cfk"lt{ Joj:yfnfO{ ;'b[9 ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
!)=!=( cTofjZos j:t' cfk"lt{ ug]{ lghLIf]q tyf ;fj{hlgs
;+:yfgxnfO{ ;dGjofTds kdf j:t' tyf ;]jf v/Lb
ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
!)=!=!) u'0f:t/ tyf lglZrt tf}nsf lap ljhg Pj+ dnsf]
pknAwtfsf nflu ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu ;dGjo u/L s[ifsxdf
;r]tgf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
!)=!=!! cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] lgoldt / ;xh cfk"lt{
;'lglZrt ug{ cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{df
Jojwfg k'Ug] u/L x8\tfn, aGb, lj/f]w ug{ gkfOg] Joj:yf
ldnfOg] 5 .
!)=@ pkef]Qmf (Consumer) :
!)=@=! pkef]Qmfsf] clwstd lxtsf] nflu lghL If]q tyf pkef]Qmf
xslxt;Fu ;Da4 pkef]QmfjfbL ;+:yfx;Fu ;dGjo /
;xsfo{ u/L ;"rgf tyf r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd ;~rfng
ul/g]5 .
!)=@=@ pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0fsf nflu ;f] If]qdf sfo{/t JolQm,
;+3 ;+:yfsf] PsLs[t ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ / To:tf JolQm
tyf ;+:yfnfO{ cGt/lqmof uf]i7Lsf] dfWodaf6 ;lqmo
kdf cfgf] sfo{ I f] q df nfUg ;xof] u Pj+ k| ] l /t
ul/g]5 .
!)=@=# pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f ug{ s]Gb|Lo, If]qLo, lhNnf tyf
:yfgLo cg' u dg ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L / lg/LIf0f
clws[txnfO{ pkef]Qmfsf] xslxt ;DaGwL P]g sfg"g /
cGt{/fli6o k4ltsf ljifodf tfnLd, k|lzIf0f lbO{ ;lqmo
agfOg]5 .
#@)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)=@=$ pkef]Qmfsf] xslxtsf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu k|To]s lhNnfdf


pkef]Qmf cbfntsf] :yfkgf u/L pkef]QmfnfO{ kg]{ dsf{sf]
;' g ' j fO ug] { / sfg" g L pkrf/ k| f Kt ug] { Joj:yf
ldnfOg]5 .
!)=@=% dfWolds txb]lv g} pkef]Qmf ;r]tgfsf] nflu pkef]Qmf
lzIff;DaGwL kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f u/L nfu" ug'{sf] ;fy}
pkef] Q mf clwsf/sf ljifodf hfus u/fOg] 5 .
!)=@=^ pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0fsf] nflu pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f sf]ifsf]
:yfkgf u/L jflif{s kdf lglZrt /sd ljlgof]hg ug]{
Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
!)=# cg'udg (Monitoring) :
!)=#=! j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] dfu / cfk"lt{, d"No, nfut, u'0f:t/
cflbsf] ;DaGwdf cg'udg ljZn]if0f ug{ ;/sf/, pkef]Qmf
lxt;Fu ;Da4 ;+3 ;+:yf / cGo ;/f]sf/jfnf;d]tsf]
;+ n Ugtfdf cg' u dg ;ldlt u7g ul/g] 5 .
!)=#=@ pkef]Uo j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{ Joj:yf, d"No, u'0f:t/,
z'4tf, kl/df0f cflb kIfdf lg/Gt/ cg'udg u/L pkef]Qmfsf]
xslxt ;+/If0f ug{sf nflu s]Gb|Lo, If]qLo, lhNnf /
:yfgLo:t/df cg'udg ;ldlt u7g u/L ahf/ cg'udg
ul/g]5 . o:tf cg'udg ;ldltn] ;LdfGts[t ju{, If]q /
{ , kxf8L lhNnfdf cTofjZos j:t' tyf
;d'bfo tyf b'ud
;]jfsf] cfk"lt{ ;xh eP gePsf] ljifodf ;d]t cg'udg
ug]{5 .
!)=#=# j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] d"No ljZn]if0f u/L laqmL d"No lgwf{/0f
eP gePsf] cg'udg, ljZn]if0f ug{ / j:t'sf] ;+ro
dfkb08 tof/ u/L hf/L ul/g]5 . o; ;DaGwdf lgb]l{ zsf
;d]t agfO{ k|If]k0f ul/g]5 .
!)=#=$ ;LdfjtL{ ahf/xdf d"Nosf] ;Gt'ng /fVg ;dfg d"No
Joj:yf sfod ug{] k|of]hgsf] nflu cfjZos ;+oGq tof/
ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#@!

!)=#=% j:t' tyf ;]jf k|bfosxn] Go"g u'0f:t/sf] j:t' tyf


;]jf k|bfg u/L s'g} pkef]Qmfsf] hLpHofg, ;DklQ /
:jf:Yodf xflg gf]S;fgL k'ofPdf sfg"g cg';f/ Ifltk"lt{
lbnfpg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
!)=#=^ ljb]zL bft[;+:yfaf6 ;xof]usf] kdf k|fKt j:t' tyf
;]jfsf] cfk"lt{ / u'0f:t/sf] ;DaGwdf cg'udg ug{ 5'}
;+oGqsf] u7g ul/g]5 .
!)=$ vfB ;'/Iff (Food Security) :

#@@

!)=$=!

/0fgLltsf] a'Fbf g+= (=$=! df pNn]v eP cg';f/


cTofjZos j:t'xsf] slDtdf # dlxgfsf] nflu s]Gb|Lo
cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ;ldltn] tf]s] adf]lhd b]zsf ljleGg
If]qdf ;+ro e08f/0f (Buffer Stock) sf] Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .

!)=$=@

vfBfGg cefjGo"g x'g] b'ud


{ lhNnfxdf Joj;flos
kdf cGgafnLsf] v]tL ug{sf nflu s[lif tyf ;xsf/L
dGqfno;Fu ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ u/L ljz]if sfo{qmd
;+rfng ul/g]5 .

!)=$=#

;fs{ vfB a} (SAARC Food Bank) df ;fs{f/f


tf]lsPsf] kl/df0fdf vfBfGg e08f/0f ug]{ Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .

!)=$=$

vfB ;'/Iffsf nflu lghLIf]q tyf ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgnfO{


kl/rfng ul/g]5 .

!)=$=%

vfB ;'/Iffsf nflu ;/sf/n] tf]ss


] f]] kl/df0f ;fj{hlgs
;+ : yfgn] e08f/0f ug] { Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .

!)=$=^

cTofjZos j:t'dWo] g"gsf] xsdf slDtdf ^ dlxgfsf]


nflu Buffer Stock /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .

!)=$=&

g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s] cg';f/ lrgL pTkfbsn] pBf]usf]


s'n jflif{s pTkfbgsf] lglZrt kl/df0f Factory Gate
Price df ;/sf/nfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ Joj:yf
ldnfOg]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)=$=*

;/sf/L :jfldTjsf pBf]u tyf sf/vfgfxaf6 jflif{s


pTkflbt l;d]G6sf]] a9Ldf krf; k|ltzt;Dd n]eL
p7fO{ s]Gb|Lo jf If]qLo cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ;ldltn] tf]s]
adf]lhdsf] ;+3 ;+:yfdfk{mt laqmL ljt/0f u/fOg]5 .
;fy}, cfjZostfnfO{ x]/L o:tf] n]eL lghL If]qsf
l;d]G6 sf/vfgfaf6 ;d]t p7fpg ;lsg] u/L Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .

!)=$=(

cTofjZos j:t'xsf] ;+rosf nflu uf]bfd3/ / zLt


e08f/ lgdf{0f Pj+ ;+rfng ug{ lghL If]q tyf ;xsf/L
;+3 ;+:yfnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .

!)=$=!)

k|d'v zx/xdf lghL If]qsf ;fy} ;xsf/L vfB


e08f/nfO{ yf]s ahf/sf] kdf ljsf; ul/g]5 .

!)=$=!!

vfBfGg e08f/0fnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg rfdn ldnxaf6


ljz]if cj:yfdf pTkfbgsf] bz k|ltzt;Dd u'0f:t/
dfkb08 cg'ksf] rfdn n]eLsf] kdf vl/b ug{
;lsg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

!)=$=!@

;/sf/n] ljz]if cj:yfdf cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfsf]


clwstd pkef]Qmf d"No tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .

!)=$=!#

;/sf/n] vfBfGgsf] ;dy{g d"No (Support Price)


tf]Sg cfjZos b]v]df s[lif pkh leq\ofpg] -sf6\g]_
;doeGbf slDtdf Ps dlxgf cufl8 s[lif tyf ;xsf/L
dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;df jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnon]
;dy{g d"No tf]Sg]5 .

!)=$=!$

b'u{d If]qxdf ;dodf g} :yn dfu{af6 vfBj:t'


9'jfgL ug]{ Joj:yfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . ;8s
oftfoftsf] kx'r
F gePsf If]qdf xjfO{ dfu{af6 vfBj:t'
9'jfgL ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg]5 .

!)=$=!%

ul/j tyf Go"g cfo ePsf ljkGg hgtfsf] nflu


rfdn, kL7f], g"g, lrgL, dlt]n h:tf cTofjZos
j:t' /fHo ;'ljwf -/fzg sf8{_ sf] dfWodaf6 ;x'lnot
kdf pknAw u/fOg]5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#@#

!)=% ;+:yfut ;'wf/


!)=%=! pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f / k|lt:kwf{ k|j4{g tyf ahf/ ;+/If0f
sfg"g sfo{fGjog ug{ pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f tyf cfk"lt{
Joj:yf ljefusf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 .
!)=%=@ cfk"lt{ Joj:yfdf ;+nUg /xg] ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxn]
k|jfx ug]{ ;]jfsf] k|efjsfl/tf j[l4 ug{] sfo{qmd
;~rfng ug{ cfjZos kg]{ yk ;fwg ;|ft] sf] Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
!)=%=# ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] Jofj;flos Ifdtf clej[l4
u/L If]q lj:tf/ ul/g]5 .
!)=%=$ b]ze/ cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jf cfk"lt{ ug]{ PsLs[t
;]jf s]Gb|, pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L k;n, ;'ky d"No k;n
jf u|fdL0f ;xsf/L k;nxnfO{ cfjZos ;xof]u
k'ofOg]5 .
!)=%=% s0ff{nL If]q nufot b'u{d lhNnfdf j:t'sf] ;xh
cfk"lt{sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgsf :yfgLo
l8kf]xsf] ;+Vof lj:tf/ ub}{ nlug]5 .
!)=%=^ b]zsf ljleGg lhNnfdf :6f]/h
] tyf uf]bfdxsf] lgdf{0f
ug]{ / ljBdfg :6f]/]h tyf uf]bfdxsf] dd{t, ;+ef/
/ cfw'lgsLs/0f ub}{ nlug]5 .
!)=%=& b'u{d tyf lxdfnL lhNnfdf cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jf
k|jfxdf ;+nUg ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgnfO{ lglZrt cfwf/df
s/ tyf z'Nsdf 5'6 lbg] Joj:yf cjnDag ul/g]5 .
!)=%=* cfk"lt{ Joj:yfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f
tyf cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ljefudf cfk"lt{ ;"rgf s]Gb| :yfkgf
ul/g]5 . o; sfo{df pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f tyf cfk"lt{
Joj:yf ljefu, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno, /fli6o
;xsf/L ;+3, pkef]Qmf ;+3 ;+:yf / j:t' tyf ;]jf
k|bfosxsf ;+3 ;+:yfx;Fusf] ;+nUgtf / ;dGjodf
sfo{ x'g]u/L Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
#@$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)=%=( b'ud
{ tyf lxdfnL lhNnfdf vfBfGg h:tf cTofjZos
pkef]Uo j:t'sf] cfk"lt{df ;+nUg ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgnfO{
;]jfd"ns ;+:yfsf] kdf ljsf; ul/g]5 . o:tf
;+:yfgxsf] Ifdtf ljsf;sf nflu ljz]if Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
!)=^ ahf/ Joj:yfkg
!)=^=! cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{df Jojwfg x'g glbg
pkef]Qmf ;+3;+:yf, gful/s ;dfh, lghL tyf ;xsf/L
If]qsf] ;d]t ;+nUgtfdf ahf/ cg'udg ul/g]5 .
!)=^=@ pTkfbs, cfoftstf{, ljt/s tyf yf]s ljq]mtfxn]
laqmL ug]{ j:t'sf] uf]bfd ;+Vof, Ifdtf tyf df}Hbftsf]
ljj/0f lng] / cfjZostf cg';f/ cg'udg ul/g]5 .
!)=^=# pTkfbs, cfoftstf{, ljt/s tyf yf]s ljq]mtfxn]
laqmL ug]{ j:t'sf] ;fdfGo tyf ljz]if cj:yfdf ;l~rt
ug{ kfpg] ;Ldfsf] lgwf{/0f ug]{ tyf lgwf{l/t ;Ldfleq
eP gePsf] cg'udg ug{ lgb]{lzsf hf/L ul/g]5 .
!)=^=$ laqm]tfn] cfkm"n] vl/b u/]sf] j:t'sf] vl/b d"No /
laqmL d"No pkef]Qmfn] b]Vg ;Sg] u/L k;ndf 6fF;
ul//fVg] Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
!)=^=$ cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfdf x'g] u}/ k|lt:kwL{ lqmofsnfk
x'g glbg / ahf/ ;+/If0f ug{ k|lt:kwf{ k|j4{g tyf
ahf/ ;+ / If0f af] 8 { n fO{ ;lqmo t' N ofOg] 5 .
!)=^=% ahf/ tyf cfk"lt{;Fu ;DalGwt sfg"gx?nfO{ PsLs[t
ul/g]5 .
!!= ;'ljwf / ;x'lnot
cfk"lt{ Joj:yf k|efjsf/L agfpgsf] lglDt g]kfn ;/sf/n] b]xfo adf]lhdsf]
;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnotx k|bfg ug]{ gLlt lng]5 M
!!=! b'ud{ lxdfnL tyf kxf8L If]qdf cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jf cfk"lt{
ug]{ ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfg, ;'ky d"No k;n, pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L k;n,
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#@%

kmd{, ;+3, ;++:yf / JolQm tyf pkef]Qmf lxt;Fu ;DalGwt


;+3;+:yfnfO{ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;x'lnot k|bfg ug]{ tkm{
cfjZos kxn ul/g]5 .
!!=@ b'u{d tyf u|fdL0f If]qdf dlxnfxaf6 ;~rflnt pkef]Qmf
;xsf/L k;nnfO{ a'Fbf g+= !!=! df plNnlvt ;x'lnotsf ;fy}
;x'lnot Aofhb/df C0f pknAw u/fOg]5 .
!!=# ;'ud If]qaf6 b'u{d If]qdf cTofjZos j:t'sf] 9'jfgL ug{] u/L
vRr8, rf}F/L, e]8f, afv|f kfNg] s[ifsxnfO{ a}+saf6 ;x'lnot
Aofhb/df C0f pknAw u/fOg]5 .
!@= ;+:yfut Joj:yf M
!@=! s]Gb|Lo cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ;ldlt (Central Supplies Management
Committee)

!@=!=!

cfk"lt{ gLlt sfof{Gjog ug{ b]xfo adf]lhd Ps s]Gb|Lo


cfk" l t{ Joj:yf ;ldltsf] u7g ul/g] 5 M

! ;lrj, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno

cWoIf

@ ;x;lrj, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno -k|zf;g,


;+:yfg tyf cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkg dxfzfvf_
;b:o
# ;x ;lrj, cy{ dGqfno -/fh:j_

;b:o

$ ;x ;lrj, pBf]u dGqfno

;b:o

% ;x;lrj, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno

;b:o

^ ;x;lrj, u[x dGqfno

;b:o

& ;x;lrj, >d tyf oftfoft Joj:yf dGqfno ;b:o


* ;x;lrj, :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno

;b:o

( dxflgb]{zs, jfl0fHo ljefu

;b:o

!) dxflgb]{zs, g]kfn u'0f:t/


#@^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

tyf gfktf}n ljefu

;b:o

!! cWoIf, g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3

;b:o

!@ cWoIf, g]kfn r]Dj/ ckm sd;{

;b:o

!# cWoIf, /fli6o ;xsf/L jf]8{

;b:o

!$ dxfk|aGws, g]kfn vfB ;+:yfg

;b:o

!% sfo{sf/L k|d'v, g]kfn cfon lgud

;b:o

!^ dxfk|aGws, ;fN6 6]l8 skf]{/]zg lnld6]8

;b:o

!& dxfk|aGws, g]zgn 6]l8 lnld6]8

;b:o

!* pkef]Qmf xs lxtl;t;Fu ;DjlGwt ;+:yfsf]


k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L g]kfn ;/sf/n]
dgf]gLt u/]sf slDtdf Ps hgf dlxnf
;lxt # hgf
!( cfk"lt{ Joj:yf;Fu ;DalGwt j:t'ut
;+3sf] tkm{af6 Ps hgf
dlxnf;lxt @ hgf
@) dxflgb]{zs, pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f tyf
cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ljefu,
;lrj

;b:o

;b:o
;b:o

!@=!=@ ;ldltsf] ;lrjfno pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f tyf cfk"lt{


Joj:yf ljefudf /xg]5 .
!@=!=#

;ldltn] cfgf] sfo{ljlw cfkm}F lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .

!@=!=$ ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M


pkef]Qmfsf] nflu cfjZos j:t' jf ;]jf lgoldt, u'0f:t/Lo,
;/n, ;xh / Jojl:yt kdf cfk"lt{ x'g] Joj:yf ldnfpg
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#@&

cfjZos sfo{x ug'{ ;ldltsf] k|d'v st{Jo x'g]5 .


;ldltsf] cGo sfo{ x b] x fo adf] l hd x' g ] 5 g\ M

#@*

-!_

cTofjZos j:t' jf ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{ ;/n, ;xh


/ Jojl:yt agfpg] ljifodf cfjZos gLlt,
lgod th{d
' f ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfj lbg],

-@_

cfjZostfg';f/ cTofjZos j:t' jf ;]jfsf]


clwstd tyf Go"gtd d"No tf]Sg l;kmfl/;
ug]{,

-#_

j:t' tyf ;]jf k|bfosaLr :j:y k|lt:kwf{sf]


jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug]{,

-$_

cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] pko'Qm ljt/0f


k| 0 ffnLsf] ljsf; ug{ ;xof] u k' ofpg] ,

-%_

pTkfbg / cfk"lt{;uF ;DalGwt lghL Pj+ ;xsf/L


If]q / ;/sf/L lgsfoxaLr ;';DaGw :yflkt
u/L cfk" l t{ Joj:yfnfO{ ;' l glZrt ug] { ,

-^_

;a} k|sf/sf Jofkfl/s ljs[lt lj;+ultxaf6


pkef]Qmfsf] lxt ;+/If0f ug{ tT;DaGwL sfg"gsf]
k| e fjsf/L sfof{ G jogdf ;xof] u k' ofpg] ,

-&_

ahf/ tyf cfk"lt{ Joj:yfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfO{


cfd pkef]QmfnfO{ plrt d"Nodf u'0f:t/o'Qm
j:t' tyf ;]jf ;/nkdf pknAw u/fpg] tyf
u}/ k|lt:kwL{ Jofkfl/s lqmofsnfknfO{ lg?T;fxg
ug]{,

-*_

k|fs[lts tyf cGo sf/0fn] x'g ;Sg] j:t' tyf


;]jfsf] s[lqd cefj x'g glbg, cfk"lt{ Joj:yfnfO{
;/n / ;xh agfO{ /fVg cTofjZos j:t'xsf]
;+ro e08f/ (Buffer Stock) sf] kl/df0f tf]Sg],
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

-(_

cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] dfu / cfk"lt{sf]


k|If]k0f u/L jflif{s cfk"lt{ of]hgf th{'df u/L
sfof{Gjog ug]{,
-!)_ pkef]Qmflxt ;+/If0fdf ;+nUg ;+3;+:yfnfO{
cfjZos ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg],
-!!_ cfk"lt{ gLlt sfof{Gjog ug{ ;ldltn] pko'Qm
7fg]sf sfo{ ug]{ .

!#= cfly{s kIf


k|:t't gLlt Ps lj:t[t Pj+ PsLs[t sfo{of]hgf agfO{ ah]6 Joj:yf ;lxt
nfu" ul/g] 5 . gLlt sfof{Gjog ubf{ nfUg] cfly{s bfloTj / >f]t ;DaGwdf,
sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;dodf g} lgSof}{n x'g] tyf vr{ Joj:yfkg /
n]vf kl/If0fsf] k|lqmof k|rlnt sfg"gL Joj:yf Pj+ k|lqmofaf6 Jojl:yt
ul/g] 5 . o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 d'ns
' sf] cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkgsf] If]qdf
;'wf/ eO{ :jtGq / k|lt:kwf{Tds cfly{s jftfj/0f ;[hgf x'g 6]jf k'Ug'sf
;fy} pkef]Qmfsf] xslxt ;+/If0fdf dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'Ug hfg]5 .
!$= sfg"gL Joj:yf
o; gLltdf pNn]lvt k|fjwfgx? sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ sfg"gx?
th'd{ f ul/g'sf ;fy} cfjZostf cg';f/ cfk"lt{;uF ;DalGwt P]g, sfg"gx?df
;d;fdlos ;'wf/ ul/g] 5 .
!%= cg'udg / d"Nofg
o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 ck]lIft k|ltkmn / p2]Zox? k"0f{ jf cf+lzs
?kdf k'/f eP jf ePgg\ ;f]sf] cg'udg / d"Nofg ug]{ ;+oGqsf] ?kdf
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] afl0fHo dGqfno /xg] 5 . cg'udg tyf d"Nofgsf nflu
;xeflutfd"ns cg'udg k|0ffnL cjnDag ul/g] 5 .
o; gLltsf] jflif{s ?kdf ;ldIff u/L cfjZostf cg';f/ k'g/fjnf]sg
ul/g] 5 . pQm sfo{ nufot o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjog kIfnfO{ ;dGjofTds
?kdf cg'udg Pj+ d"Nofg ug{sf nflu jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqLsf]
;+of]hsTjdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] Ps pRr:tl/o cg'udg tyf d"Nofg
;ldlt u7g ul/g] 5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#@(

!^= pk;+xf/
lgoldt, ;j{;'ne / ;'ky d"Nodf cTofjZos a:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{
x'g] jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug{ cfk"lt{ If]qdf x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf ljs[ltx?nfO{ Go"g
ub}{ ;fj{hlgs ;bfrf/ / g}ltstf sfod u/L pkef]Qmf xslxtsf] ;+/If0f
/ ;Da{g ug{ o; gLltn] cfwf/ k|bfg ug]{ 5 . o; gLltn] a:t' tyf
;]jfsf] cfk"lt{ Joj:yfdf ck]lIft ;'wf/ / ;xlhs/0f u/L /fHo tyf
hgtfsf] p2]Zo, ck]Iff / cfjZostfnfO{ plrt ;Daf]wg ub}{ ul/jL
lgjf/0fsf] ;dli7ut nIonfO{ g} of]ubfg k'ofpg] ck]Iff /flvPsf] 5 .

##)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

-a'Fbf g+= (=!=^ ;+u ;DjlGwt_


cg';"rL !
vfB kbfy{
!= rfdn M

-s_ dl;gf] -kf]v/]nL / dG;'nL ;d]t_


-v_ df]6f

@= ds}
#= lrp/f
$= ux'F, d}bf / kL7f] -cfF6f_
%= bfn -s_ /x/ -v_ df; -u_ d';'/f] -3_ e6df; cflb u]8fu'8Lx
^= g"g
&= lrgL
*= o", vfg]tn
] -s_ tf]/Lsf] t]n -v_ e6df;sf] t]n -u_ ;"od{ v
' L km"nsf] t]n
(= b"w -j]jLk'm8 tyf kfp8/ b"w ;d]t_,
!)= df;', c08f, df5f,
!!= dx, lrof tyf skmL
!@= d;nf, t/sf/L Pj+ kmnk"mn .
cGo cfjZosLo kbfy{
!)= cf}iflw -sL6gfzs cf}ifwL / hl8a'6L ;d]t_
!!= dlt]n, Uof;, l8h]n, k]6f]n / xjfO{ OGwg ;d]t
!@= dn, aLp
!#= -s_ bfp/f -v_ sf]Onf
lgdf{0f ;fdu|L
!$= l;d]G6
!%= kmnfd] 58, h:tf kftf
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

##!

!^= OF6f, 9'Fuf


!*= sf7
;]jf ;DjGwL
!& :jf:Yo
!*= ;+rf/
!(= ljB't
@)= oftfoft
@!= vfg]kfgL
@@= Go"h lk|G6
@#= kf7\o;fdu|L

##@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

lj1fg tyf k|ljlw gLlt, @)^!


!= k[i7e"ld
lj1fg tyf k|ljlwn] x/]s d'n'ssf] ;jf{L0f ljsf;df dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf
v]Ng] s'/f lglj{jfb 5 . t/ g]kfndf o;sf] kof{Kt ljsf; Pj+ pkof]u
x'g;s]sf] 5}g . o;y{ /fli6o / cGt/f{li6o If]qdf pknAw 1fg, lj1fg /
k|ljlwsf] ljsf; tyf ;dof]lrt pkof]uaf6 k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtfsf] ljsf;
ub}{ b]zsf] ;j{tf]dv
' L ljsf;df k|efjsf/L of]ubfg k'ofpg' ckl/xfo{ ePsf]
5.
;jf{L0f ljsf;sf] /fli6o ;+sNk ;do;fk]If gLlt / of]hgf ljgf k"/f ug{
;lsGg . ljsf;sf] vfFrf] 6fg{ cfjZos k|ljlw u|x0f ug{ ;lsG5 / j}1flgs
tyf k|fljlw1xsf] pTkfbg tLa| kfg{ ;lsG5, t/ u|x0f ul/Psf lj1fg
k|ljlwsf] oyf]lrt k|lt:yfkg, k|j4{gsf nflu df}lns l;h{gzLntfdf lg/Gt/
j[ l 4 g} ;kmntfsf] d" n cfwf/ ePsf] :ki6 x' g cfPsf] 5 .
/fli6o Ifdtf clej[l4sf] nflu d'ns
' df lj1fg tyf k|ljlw ;DaGwL hgzlQm,
;|ft] / ;fwgsf] ljsf; Pj+ pkof]u ug{ k"jf{wf/xnfO{ clwstd kl/rfng
ug{ cTofjZos ePsf] 5 . o;} tYonfO{ dgg ub}{ lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf]
cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;, lzIf0f, k|lzIf0f, Joj:yfkg, ;]jf k|bfg cflb sfo{df
;+nUg ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L lgsfo Pj+ ;+3;+:yfsf s[ofsnfkxnfO{
;dGjofTds 9+uaf6 Ps lglb{i6 lbzfdf k|jflxt u/L /fi6sf] ck]lIft nIo
xfl;n ug{ /fli6o lj1fg tyf k|ljlw gLlt, @)$^ nfO{ ;d;fdlos agfpg
cfjZos ePsf]n] g]kfn ;/sf/n] of] lj1fg tyf k|ljlw gLlt, @)^!
hf/L u/]sf] 5 .
@= kl/sNkgf
lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] ;d'lrt ljsf; tyf k|of]uf/f hLjg:t/df clea[l4 u/L
d'n'snfO{ Ps ;d'Ggt, ultzLn / ;d[4 /fi6sf] kdf :yflkt ug]{ .
#= p2]Zo
#=!= lj1fg tyf k|ljlw If]qdf 1fg, ;Lk / bIftfsf] ;d'lrt ljsf;
/ pkof]uf/f /fli6o Ifdtfsf] clej[l4 ug]{,
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

###

#=@= lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] dfWodaf6 k|fs[lts ;|f]t / ;fwgxsf]


lbuf] kdf pkof]u u/L hgtfsf] ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s:t/ j[l4
Pj+ jftfj/0fsf] ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{g ub}{ ul/jL lgjf/0fsf sfo{df
;3fp k'ofpg],
#=#= lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] pRrtd ljsf; u/L d'ns
' nfO{ k|lt:kwf{Tds
l:yltdf k'ofpg] .
$= gLlt
pk/f]Qm p2]Zox k|flKtsf nflu b]xfosf gLlt cjnDag ul/g]5 M
$=!= lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] of]hgfj4 ljsf;nfO{ b]zsf] ;jf{L0f ljsf;
k|lqmof;+u cfj4 ug]{],
$=@= lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] ljsf;f/f ul/jL lgjf/0f sfo{qmdnfO{
;xof]u k'ofpg],
$=#= /fi6sf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj a9fpg lj1fg tyf k|ljlwnfO{
;zQm ;fwgsf kdf pkof]u ug]{,
$=$= lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] pRrtd ljsf;df lbuf] ljsf;, k|fs[lts
;|ft] sf] Joj:yfkg / jftfj/0f ;+/If0fsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ cfTd;ft
u/L of]hgf th'{df tyf sfof{Gjogdf hf]8 lbg],
$=%= lj1fg tyf k|ljlw If]qdf lkIfLo, jx'kIfLo, If]qLo / cGt/f{li6o
lgsfox;+u cfk;L ;xof]u / ;dGjo clej[l4 u/L If]qLo Pj+
cGt/f{li6o hutdf pknAw lj1fg tyf k|ljlw ;DaGwL 1fg /
;Lksf] clwstd pkof] u sf] jftfj/0f tof/ ug] { ,
$=^= lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] ljsf;df lghLIf]qnfO{ ;xefuLtf u/fpg],
$=&= lj1fg tyf k|ljlw;+u cfj4 ;+3;+:yf / hg;xeflutfsf] dfWodaf6
lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] ljsf;df dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'ofpg],
$=*= lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] k|of]uaf6 u'0f:t/Lo lgsf;Lof]Uo j:t'sf]
pTkfbgnfO{ a9fjf lbO{ cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug]{,
$=(= lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] If]qdf bIf hgzlQm pTkfbg tyf kl/rfng
ug]{,
##$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

$=!)= :yfgLo (Indigenous) k|ljlw ;|ft] / ;fwgsf] ljsf; lj:tf/


kl/rfng Pj+ pkof]u ug]{ sfo{nfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{ k|ljlwsf]
ljsf; u|fdL0f tx ;Dd k'/\ofpg],
$=!!= lj1fg tyf k|ljlw If]qsf] ljsf; Pj+ pkof]usf nflu ;+nUg x'g]
;a} If]qsf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;xhstf{,
k| j 4{ s tyf ;dGjostf{ ;d] t sf] e" l dsf lgjf{ x ug] { ] ,
$=!@= cfjZos k|ljlwsf] cfoft / k|lt:yfkgsf] kIfnfO{ ;'Jojl:yt
ug]{,
$=!#= ;jf{L0f /fli6o ljsf;sf] k|lqmofdf :jb]zL j}1flgs tyf
k|fljlw1xaf6 clwstd e"ldsf lgjf{x x'g;Sg] jftfj/0fsf]
;[hgf ug]{,
$=!$= j}1flgs tyf k|fljlw1xsf] pRr dgf]jn sfod /fVg, ljb]zdf
/x]sf cGt/f{li6o Vofltk|fKt g]kfnL j}1flgsxnfO{ cfslif{t ug{
/ k|ltef knfog Go"gLs/0f ug{ pko'Qm jftfj/0f t}of/ ug]{,
$=!% lj1fg tyf k|ljlw ;DaGwL ljZjljBfno:t/Lo cWoog cWofkgnfO{
cg';Gwfg;+u cfj4 ug]{ .
$=!^ k|fylds txb]lv g} lj1fg tyf k|ljlw ;DaGwL u'0f:t/Lo lzIff
pknAw u/fpg] .
%= /0fgLlt
%=!= lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] cNksfnLg tyf bL3{sfnLg cjwf/0ff tof/
u/L ;f] sf] cfwf/df of]hgf th'd
{ f, sfof{Gjog tyf d"Nof+sgsf]
k|efjsf/L Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
%=@= ljBdfg ;|ft] Pj+ ;fwgsf] clwstd pkof]u ub}{ s[lif, jg, hn;|ft] ,
lzIff, :jf:Yo, pBf]u, jftfj/0f, ;"rgf k|ljlw, OlGhlgol/, h}ljs
k|ljlw, cGtl/If k|ljlw, k/df0f' lj1fg, vuf]n lj1fg cflb ljljw
If]qdf x'g] cWoog, cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; / k|lzIf0f sfo{x
;dGjofTds Pj+ k| e fjsf/L kaf6 ;`rfng ul/g] 5 .
%=#= ef}lts, dfgjLo tyf k|fl1s kIfsf] ;[hgfTds kn] ;+:yfut
ljsf;sf dfWodf/f Ifdtf clej[l4 ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

##%

%=$= lj1fg tyf k|ljlw If]qsf] ljsf;sf] nflu ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf
;+/rgfx lgdf{0f u/L ;f]sf] clwstd pkof]u ug]{ / j}1flgsxsf]
pRrdgf] j n a9fpg cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
%=%= ;/sf/n] k|To]s jif{ lj1fg tyf k|ljlw If]qdf ;DalGwt lgsfoxaf6
cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; sfo{sf] nflu sfo{qmd agfpg nufO
;f]sf] cfwf/df /sd 5'6\ofpg] Joj:yf ug{]5 .
%=^ :yfgLo tx;Dd :yfgLo ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] clwstd kl/rfng
ug{ cfjZos k|ljlwsf] ljsf; sfo{df ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L,
cGt/f{li6o ;+3;+:yf, lghL If]q tyf z}lIfs ;+:yfnfO{ ;l/s
u/fOg]5 .
%=& cfjZostf cg';f/ k/Dk/fut, :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL k|ljlwsf]
;dfof]hg tyf ;'wf/f/f pko'Qm k|ljlwsf] ljsf; u/L d'ns
' nfO{
cfjZos kg]{ k|ljlwsf] If]qdf cfTdlge{/ agfpg] tkm{ cfjZos
sfd ul/g]5 .
%=* lj1fg tyf k|ljlw If]qdf lkIfLo / ax'kIfLo ;xof]u ;Demf}tf
u/L d'n'ssf] j}1flgs tyf k|fljlws Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{ ljz]if
kxn ul/g]5 .
^= sfo{gLlt
lj1fg tyf k|ljlw gLlt sfof{Gjog ug{ / ;f] gLltdf lgxLt p2]Zo kl/k"lt{
ug{ b]xfosf] sfo{gLlt cjnDjg ul/g]5M
^=!= k"jf{wf/ ljsf;
^=!=!= df}h'bf k"jf{wf/xnfO{ cfjZostf cg'k ;'b[9Ls/0f /
;'wf/ u/L clwstd kl/rfng ul/g]5 .
^=!=@= lj1fg tyf k|ljlw If]qsf] PsLs[t ljsf;sf] nflu s]Gb|Lo /
:yfgLo :t/df cfjZos ;+:yfut ljsf;df hf]8 lbOg]5 .
^=!=# ljBdfg k|of]uzfnfxsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f ug'{sf ;fy} lj1fg
tyf k|ljlw ;DaGwL ;Gbe{ k|of]uzfnf (Reference
Laboratory) x / s]Gb|Lo k|of]uzfnfxsf] qmdzM ljsf;
ul/g]5 .
##^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

^=@= hgzlQm ljsf;


^=@=!=

ljZjljBfnox tyf ljZjljBfno cg'bfg cfof]u;+u


;dGjo /fvL lj1fg tyf k|ljlw lzIffsf] u'0f:t/ ;'wf/
ug'{sf ;fy} ;dofg's"n ljifox ;dfj]z u/L :t/Lo
hgzlQm pTkfbg ul/g]5 .

^=@=@

lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] If]qdf Joj;flos lzIff tyf


tfnLd k|bfg ug]{ ;+:yfxnfO{ /fli6o dfu cg'ksf]
lzIff tyf tfnLd pknAw u/fpg ;Ifd agfO{ bIf
tyf u' 0 f:t/Lo hgzlQm pTkfbg ul/g] 5 .

^=@=#=

lj1fg tyf k|ljlw If]qdf sfd ug]{ sd{rf/Lxsf nflu


5'6\6} lj1fg tyf k|ljlw ;]jfsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

^=@=$= pTs[i6 j}1flgsxnfO{ bIftf xfl;n u/]sf] If]qdf sfo{


ug{ kof{Kt cj;/x pknAw u/fO{ a9\bf] k|ltef
knfog /f]Sg cfjZos jftfj/0fsf] ;[hgf ul/g]5 .
^=@=%=

o'jf k|ltefnfO{ lj1fg tyf k|ljlw ;DaGwL cWoog,


cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; sfo{df cfslif{t ug{ j[lQ
ljsf;sf cj;/xsf] ;[hgf ul/g]5 .

^=@=^=

lj1fg tyf k|ljlw;+u ;DalGwt pTs[i6 ;+3;+:yf tyf


j}1flgs Pj+ k|fljlw1xnfO{ sb/ Pj+ k'/:s[t ul/g]
5.

^=@=&=

j}1flgs tyf k|fljlw1xsf] dgf]jn pRr kfb}{+ pgLxsf]


Ifdtf / ;Lksf] clwstd pkof] u ul/g] 5 .

^=#= cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;


^=#=!=

lj1fg tyf k|ljlw If]qdf x'g] cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;


sfo{xnfO{ PsLs[t u/L /fli6o p2]Zo cg'k kl/rfng
ul/g]5 .

^=#=@=

cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; sfo{qmdxdf k|fl1s, ;/sf/L


Pj+ lghL If]qaLr ;+o'Qm ;xeflutfnfO{ k|f]T:ffxg
ul/g]5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

##&

^=#=#=

ljb]zL ;+3 ;+:yf jf JolQmn] g]kfndf cfO{ cWoog


cg';Gwfg ubf{ g]kfnsf] ;DalGwt lgsfosf] ;d]t
clgjfo{ kdf ;+nUgtf x'g] Joj:yf ldnfO{g]5 .

^=#=$=

lj1fg tyf k|ljlw If]qdf ;+nUg JolQm, ;d'bfo, ;+3;+:yf


cflbf/f k|lt:kwf{Tdskaf6 cg';Gwfg sfo{ ;~rfng
u/fpg] k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .

^=#=%=

cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; sfo{df ;+nUg ljZjljBfnox


nufot ;/sf/L lgsfonfO{ k|fT] ;flxt ug{ tyf lghLIf]qsf]
;xeflutf a9fpg sfg'g jdf]lhd cfjZos ;'ljwfsf]
Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

^=#=^=

:j:km"l/t cg';Gwfg sfo{nfO{ k|f]T;flxt u/L j}1flgs


k| l tefsf] ljsf; ug] { Joj:yf ldnfO{ g ] 5 .

^=#=&=

cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; sfo{sf nflu /fli6o tyf


cGt/f{li6o ;|f]t ;fwg h'6fpg cfjZos Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .

^=$= If]qut sfo{gLlt


d'Votof lgDglnlvt If]qut p2]Zo k|flKtsf nflu lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf]
sfo{gLlt kl/nlIft x'g]5 M
^=$=!=

s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf; u/L /fli6o vfB ;'/Iff (National


Food Security) sf] k|Tofe"lt ug]{ tyf s[lif pTkfbgdf
cfwfl/t pBf] u xsf] k| j 4{ g df 6] j f k' ofpg] ,

^=$=@= k|lt/f]wfTds ;]jfnfO{ ljz]if hf]8 lbO{ :t/Lo hg:jf:Yo


;]jf Pj+ u|fdL0f If]qdf ;/n / ;'ne x'g]u/L :t/Lo
hg:jf:Yo ;]jf pknAw u/fpg],
^=$=#=

##*

jgh+unsf] ;+/If0f / lj:tf/df jftfj/0f ;+/If0f kIfnfO{


;d] t hf] 8 lbO{ jg ;Dkbfsf] plrt n] v fhf] v f
(Resource Assessment) u/L lbuf] kn] jg
Joj:yfkg ug{s
' f] ;fy} jg ;Dkbfdf cfwfl/t pBf]uxsf]
k|j4{gdf 6]jf k'ofpg],
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

^=$=$= :yfgLo ;|f]tdf cfwfl/t gljs/0fLo pmhf{ k|ljlwsf]


ljsf; tyf pkof]udf clej[l4 ug]{,
^=$=%= pko'Qm :yfgLo :jb]zL lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lsf] pkof]udf
hf]8 lbO{ lgdf{0f k|ljlwsf] cfjZos ;'wf/f/f pko'Qm
cfjf; tyf cGo lgdf{0f sfo{df cfTdlge{/ x'g ;xof]u
k'ofpg],
^=$=^=

cfjZos cg';Gwfg, ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ sfo{nfO{


k|f]T;fxg lbO{ d'n'sdf u|fdL0f, n3', ;fgf tyf 7"nf
pBf]uxsf] k|j4{g ug]{,

^=$=&= ;"rgf k|ljlw, h}ljs k|ljlw, cGtl/If k|ljlw Pj+ cf0fljs


k|ljlw h:tf pRr k|ljlwxdf ;d]t /fli6o Ifdtf
clej[l4 ub}{ o:tf k|ljlwxaf6 x'g;Sg] b|t" t/ ljsf;
xfl;n ug]{,
^=%= lj1fg tyf k|ljlw ;Dks{ Pj+ ;]jf lj:tf/
^=%=!=

d'n'sleq ;+sng x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf j}1flgs tyf


k|fljlws tYof+s Pj+ ;"rgfxnfO{ Jojl:yt 9+un]
;+ s ng, ;+ / If0f, Joj:yfkg tyf k| o f] u ug] { /
cfjZostfg';f/ ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ tYof+s s]Gb|sf]
kdf ljsfl;t ul/g]5 .

^=%=@=

lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] ljsf;sf] nflu cg';Gwfg, ljsf;,


k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f, u'0ffTds hgzlQm ljsf; / k|j4{gnfO{
PsLs[t kdf cufl8 a9fO{g]5 .

^=%=#=

d'ns
' df 5l/P/ /x]sf lj1fg tyf k|ljlw;+u ;DalGwt
k':tsfno tyf k|n]v s]Gb|xnfO{ ;'b[9 u/L ljB'tLo
{ f ;fy}
;+hfn (Electronic Network) df cfj4 ug's
lj1fg tyf k|ljlw ;DaGwL s]Gb|Lo k':tsfnosf] ljsf;
u/L tt\;DaGwL cfn]v k|nv
] cg';Gwfg s[ltsf] PsLs[t
clen] v /fVg] ;+ : yfut Aoj:yf ul/g] 5 .

^=%=$=

cg';Gwfg;+u ;Dj4 ;a} lgsfoxsf] ;dGjofTds Joj:yf


ldnfpg cfjZos ;+ / rgfsf] ljsf; ul/g] 5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

##(

^=%=%=

lghL If]q tyf cGt/f{li6o ;+:yfxsf] ;d]t ;+nUgtfdf


lj1fg tyf k| l jlw ljsf; sf] i f (Science and
Technology Development Fund) :yfkgf ul/g]5 .

^=%=^

lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] If]qdf ;+nUg ;+3;+:yfnfO{


k|lt:kwf{Tds k|0ffnLaf6 ;+:yfut Ifdtf tyf u'0f:t/sf]
ljsf; ug]{ cj;/ k|bfg ul/g]5 .

^=%=&=

:jf:Yo, s[lif, kz'kfng, pBf]u Joj;fo, jg, jftfj/0f,


hn;|f]t, hnjfo', ;"rgf k|ljlw, ljlwlj1fg, vfg]kfgL
cflb ljljw If]q;+u ;DalGwt j}1flgs tyf k|fljlws
;]jf k|bfg ug]{ k|of]uzfnfxaf6 pknAw u/fOg] ;]jfnfO{
;j{;n
' e tyf u'0f:t/Lo agfp+b} hfg] / k|of]uzfnfxsf]
Ifdtf k/LIf0f sfo{ q md (Proficiency Testing
Programme) nfO{ a9L k| e fjsf/L agfO{ g ] 5 .

&= ;+:yfut Joj:yf


&=!= b]zsf] ;jf{L0f ljsf;sf nflu lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] If]qdf /fli6o
b[li6sf]0f / gLlt clVtof/ ug{ / cfjZos dfu{bz{g Pj+ ;dGjo
k|bfg ug{ b]xfo adf]lhd Ps /fli6o lj1fg tyf k|ljlw kl/ifbsf]
u7g ul/g] 5 . pQm kl/ifbsf] ;+ / rgf lgDgfg' ; f/ x' g ] 5 M
!= dfggLo dGqL/fHodGqL lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno
@= dfggLo /fHodGqL;xfos dGqL lj1fg
tyf k|ljlw dGqfno
#= dfggLo ;b:o, /fli6o of]hgf cfof]u -;DalGwt If]q x]g{]

#$)

cWoIf
pkfWoIf
;b:o

$= ;lrj, cy{ dGqfno

;b:o

%= ;lrj, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno

;b:o

^= ;lrj, pBf]u, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno

;b:o

&= ;lrj, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno

;b:o

*= ;lrj, lzIff tyf v]ns'b dGqfno

;b:o

(= ;lrj, jg tyf e";+/If0f dGqfno

;b:o

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

!)= ;lrj, hn;|f]t dGqfno

;b:o

!!= ;lrj, :jf:Yo dGqfno

;b:o

!@= ;lrj, hg;+Vof tyf jftfj/0f dGqfno

;b:o

!#= ;lrj, ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ dGqfno

;b:o

!$= ;lrj, dlxnf afnaflnsf tyf ;dfh sNof0f dGqfno

;b:o

!%= ;lrj ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gfu/Ls p8\8og dGqfno

;b:o

!^= ;b:o ;lrj ;"rgf k|ljlw pRr:t/Lo cfof]u

;b:o

!&= pks'nklt g]kfn /fhlso lj1fg tyf k|ljlw k|1f


k|lti7fg

;b:o

!*= pks'nklt lqe'jg ljZjljBfno

;b:o

!(= pks'nklt cGo ljZjljBfnoxdWo]af6 ! hgf

;b:o

@)= ;DalGwt Joj;flos ;+3 ;+:yfxdWo]af6 @ hgf

;b:o

@!= ljlzi6 j}1flgs Pj+ k|fljlwsxdWo]af6 $ hgf

;b:o

@@= cWoIf, g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3

;b:o

@#= ;x;lrj, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno

;b:o ;lrj

&=!=!=

/fli6o lj1fg tyf k|ljlw kl/ifbn] d'n'ssf] ljsf;df


6]jf k'ofpgsf nflu lj1fg tyf k|ljlw If]qsf] ljsf;
/ lj:tf/;+u ;DalGwt gLltsf] k'g/fjnf]sg tyf
kl/dfh{g ug]{, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw If]qdf eP u/]sf
sfo{sf] k|ult ;dLIff ug]{ Pj+ cfjZostfg';f/ ;d:of
;dfwfgsf pkfo klxNofpg] / kl/ifbn] cfjZos b]vs
] f
cGo sfo{x ;d]t ug]{5 .

&=!=@=

kl/ifbf/f lglb{i6 d'ne"t gLlt cg'k cfcfgf] If]qsf]


lj1fg tyf k|ljlw ;DaGwL gLlt, of]hgf / sfo{qmd
th'd{ f u/L ;dGjofTds 9+un] sfof{Gjog ug]{ lhDd]jf/L
;DalGwt dGqfno / lgsfoxsf] x'g5
] . o; gLltnfO{
sfof{Gjog ug{ / gLltsf] p2]Zo k|flKtsf] nflu lj1fg

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#$!

tyf k|ljlw dGqfnon] ;xhstf{, k|j4{s / lg0ff{ossf]


e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{5 .
&=!=#=

/fli6o lj1fg tyf k|ljlw kl/ifbn] kl/ifbsf] sfo{


;`rfngsf nflu cfjZostfg';f/ ljz]if1x ;d]t
/x]sf] k|fljlws ;ldltx u7g ug]{5 . k|fljlws
;ldltsf] ;+ o f] h s ;DalGwt ljifosf] ljz] i f1
/xg]5 .

&=!=$= /fli6o lj1fg tyf k|ljlw kl/ifbn] lj1fg tyf k|ljlw


If]qdf d'n'sleq ;~rflnt cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;,
hgzlQm ljsf;, ljb]zL lgsfox;+u ;Dks{ ug]{ h:tf
sfddf cfjZostfg' ; f/ ;dGjo tyf cg' u dg
ug]{5 .
&=!=%=

kl/ifb\sf] j}7s jif{sf] sDtLdf b'O{ k6s a:g]5 .

*= sfg'gL Joj:yf
*=!= lj1fg tyf k|ljlw gLltsf] sfof{Gjog tyf cg'udgsf] nflu
cfjZostf cg';f/ If]qut gLlt, P]g, lgod, lgb]{lzsf agfO{
nfu' ul/g]5 .
*=@= o;;+u ;DalGwt cGo cfjZos Joj:yfnfO{ lgoldt ug{ /
lj1fg tyf k|ljlw ;DalGw jf}l4s ;DklQ clwsf/nfO{ ;+/If0f
lbg] cfjZos sfg'gx lgdf{0f ul/g]5 .
*=#= lj1fg tyf k|ljlw;+uF ;DalGwt ;+3 ;+:yfxn] ;DalGwt lgsfodf
btf{sf nflu dGqfnosf] :jLs[lt lng'kg]5
{ . ;f] ;DalGw cfjZos
cg' u dg k| l qmofnfO{ dGqfnon] Jojl:yt ug] { 5 .
(= vf/]hL
/fli6 o lj1fg tyf k| l jlw gLlt, @)$^ nfO{ vf/] h ul/Psf] 5 .

?kfGt/0f M s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @% adf]lhd >L % sf] ;/sf/
eGg] zAbxsf] ;f g] k fn ;/sf/ eGg] zAbx /fvL kfGt/0f ul/Psf] .
#$@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

h}ljs k|ljlw gLlt, @)^#


!= kl/sNkgf
h}ljs k|ljlwsf] cg';Gwfg, ljsf; tyf k|ljlw x:tfGt/0fsf] dfWodaf6
pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjdf j[l4 tyf hg:jf:Yo / jftfj/0fLo If]qdf pNn]vgLo
k| u lt xfl;n u/L g] k fnL hgtfsf] hLjg:t/df ;' w f/ Nofpg] .
@= e"ldsf M
h}ljs k|ljlwn] s'g} hLjfTdf

(Organism) jf ltgsf] hLjc+z (Living

Cells/Tissues etc.) sf u')f / :jefjnfO{ dfgjf]lrt sfo{df pGd"v


ug]{ sfd ub{% . o; k|ljlwsf] ;xfotfn] h}ljs kbfy{ (Bio-mass)
sf] pTkfbg ljlwnfO{ kl/dfh{g ug]{, ltgsf] u')f / :jefjnfO{ ljleGg
tl/sfn] kfGtl/t ug]{, cfjZostf cg';f/ jg:klt jf hLjhGt'sf ]
gZn;'wf/ ug{], ljleGg ;'IdhLj (Micro-organism) nfO{ lgwf{l/t
sfo{df pGd'v ug]{ nufot ljleGg jLh, lj?jf Pj+ hLjhGt'sf] cfg'jf+lzs
;+/rgfnfO{ ;d]t dfgj cg's"n kl/jt{g ug]{ sfd eO{ cfPsf] % .
o; k|ljlwsf] s]Gb|ljGb' g} h}ljs kbfy{ x'g] ePsf]n] h}ljs ;Dkbf
(Biological Resources) sf] wgL dflgPsf] xfd|f] b]zn] cfk\mgf] k/Dk/fut
!fg / cfw'lgs k|ljlwnfO{ cfTd;ft ub]{ lj!fg tyf k|ljlwsf] If]qdf
gofF km*\sf] dfg'{ k/]sf] % .
xfd|f] h:tf] ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zsf df}h'bf r"gf}tLsf] ;fdgf ug{ h}ljs
k|ljlwn] phfu/ u/]sf ;DefJotfxnfO{ ;fsf/ agfpg h}ljs k|ljlw
gLlt, 2063 th'{df ul/Psf] % . o;sf] sfof{Gjogaf^ h}ljs k|ljlw

dfkm{t

vfBfGgsf] pTkfbg j[l$ ug{, :jf:Yo pkrf/sf gof+ ljlwsf]


ljsf; ug{, jftfj/)fLo k|bi" f)fnfO{ lgoGq)f ug{ tyf ljljw cf}Bf]lus
If]qsf] k|j${g ug{ ;xof]u k'Ug hfg]% .

#= p2]Zo M
h}ljs k|ljlwsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ Pj+ t'ngfTds kmfObfsf If]qxdf o;sf]
k|of]u u/L h}ljs k|ljlwnfO{ b]z ljsf; / jftfj/0fLo ;+/If0f Pj+ hgsNof0fsf]
;zQm cfwf/sf] kdf k|lt:yfkg u/L ul/aL lgjf/0fdf of]ubfg lbg' o;
gLltsf] ;jf]k{ l/ p2]Zo /x]sf] 5 . o; gLltsf cGo p2]Zox b]xfo jdf]lhd
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#$#

5g\ M
#=!= a9\bf] hg;+Vofsf] nflu Go"gtd vfBfGg tyf kf}li6s cfxf/sf]
cfjZostf kl/k" l t{ u/L ul/aL lgjf/0fdf ;xof] u ug] { .
#=@= g]kfnnfO{ t'ngfTds kdf kmfObf x'g] If]qxdf h}ljs k|ljlwsf]
k|of]u ug]{ .
#=#= cGt/f{li6o kdf k|lt:kwL{ Pj+ jftfj/0fLo kdf lbuf] jg, s[lif
tyf vfB If]qxsf] ljsf; ug{ of]ubfg lbg] h}ljs k|ljlwsf]
cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ .
#=$= h}ljs k|ljlw If]qdf Joj:yfksLo ;Lk clej[l4 ug]{, of]Uo
cg';Gwfgstf{ tyf lj1xnfO{ cfsif{0f ug],{ pBdlzntf clej[l4
ug]{ tyf ljz]if1 ;Lksf nflu dfu tyf cfk"lt{sf] ;Gt'ng sfod
ug]{ .
#=%= jftfj/0fLo xf; sd ug]{ tyf k|fs[lts ;|f]t / ;fwgxsf]
;+/If0f ug]{ .
#=^= u|fdL0f tyf /fli6o cfly{s k|0ffnLdf of]ubfg k'ofpg] u/L cg';Gwfgsf
glthfxnfO{ Jofj;flos k|of]udf kfGtl/t ug]{ s'/f ;'lglZrt
ug{ ;/n tyf gjLg sfo{qmdxsf] ljsf; ug]{ .
$= /0fgLlt M
pk/f]Qm p2]Zox k"/f ug{ b]xfosf /0fgLltsf] cjnDag ul/g]5 M
$=!= ;/sf/n] k|j4{s, ;xhstf{ / lgofdssf] kdf sfd ug]{ .
$=@= h}ljs k|ljlw tyf tt\;DaGwL If]qdf k"jf{wf/ ;+/rgfsf] ljsf;
tyf cg';Gwfgsf] nflu k|fT] ;fxg tyf lgodgsf/L sfo{ ;+/rgfsf]
dfWodaf6 pko'Qm jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf ug]{ .
$=#= /fli6o cfjZostf, ahf/ dfu tyf If]qLo ljz]iftfsf cfwf/df
h}ljs k|ljlwhGo pBf]uxsf] :yfkgf ug]{ tyf To:tf pBf]unfO{
k|f]T;fxg Pj+ ;x'lnot lbg] .
$=$= h}ljs k|ljlwsf] ljsf; tyf Jofj;foLs/0fsf nflu cfjZos
sfg"gL Joj:yf ug]{ .
#$$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

$=%= em'08 (Cluster), OGSo"j6] / (Incubator) tyf ;~hfn (Network)


sf] ljsf; u/L h}ljs k|ljlwsf] cg';Gwfg, Jofj;foLs/0f tyf
k| o f] u sf nflu hgzlQm (Critical Mass) tof/ ug] { .
$=^= h}ljs k|ljlwhGo pBf]uxnfO{ pknAw u/fO{g] pkqmd k"h
+ Lut
+ C0fsf] k|jfxnfO{ ;xh
sf]if (Venture Capital Fund) tyf a}s
agfpg] .
$=&= jf}l4s ;DklQ ;DaGwL clwsf/ (Intellectual Property Right),
h}ljs ;'/Iff (Biosafety), h}ljs lgu/fgL (Bio-surveillance) tyf
h}ljs g}ltstf (Bio-ethics) h:tf ljifox ;'lglZrt ug]{ .
$=*= tGt' k|ljlw (Tissue Culture), jg, s[lif / vfBfGg, hl8a"6L,
Rofp pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg k|0ffnL / kz' tyf dfgj :jf:Yo
k|0ffnL ;d]tdf h}ljs k|ljlwnfO{ k|of]udf Nofpg lg/Gt/ kdf
cg';Gwfg ug{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ .
$=(= lg/Gt/ cg'udg tyf hgr]tgfsf] dfWodaf6 h}ljs k|ljlwhGo
s[ofsnfk;+u ;Dj4 u|fdL0f hgtfsf] cfjZostfxsf] klxrfg
u/L ;f] adf]lhd cfjZos Joj:yf ug]{ .
$=!)= lghLIf]qsf] ;xeflutf k|j4{g u/L h}ljs k|ljlwsf] cg';Gwfg,
ljsf; tyf lj:tf/nfO{ pRr k|fyldstf lbg] .
$=!!= h}ljs k|ljlwsf pknlJwxsf] clen]v /fVg] / To;nfO{ Joj:yfkg
ug]{ .
{ f
$=!@= g]kfnsf h}ljs ;|ft] xsf] :jfldTj ;DaGwdf P]g, sfg"g th'd
ug]{ .
$=!#= h}ljs k|ljlwn] lbuf]kg, k|fs[lts ;|f]t Joj:yfkg, jftfj/0f /
h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0fdf k|bfg ug{;Sg] ;fj{hlgs kmfO{bfxsf]
dfkg ug{ ;"rf+sxsf] ljsf; ug]{ / oL kmfO{bfxnfO{ ;fj{hlgs
ug]{ .
$=!$= cfg'jf+lzs kdf kl/jt{g ul/Psf tyf gul/Psf pTkfbgx
(Products) sf] ahf/sf] cfsf/, k|jl[ t Pj+ u'0f:t/sf ;DaGwdf
oyfy{ l:ylt tyf tL pTkfbgx af/] pkef]Qmfsf] b[li6sf]0fsf]
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#$%

;dofg's'n hfgsf/L k|bfg ug]{ .


$=!%= dfWolds ljBfno tyf ljZjljBfnosf ljleGg txdf h}ljs
k|ljlwsf] cWoognfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ .
%= gLlt M
k| e fjsf/L cGt/;/sf/L ;DaGwsf] nflu cfwf/ pknAw u/fpg,
;/f]sf/jfnfx;+usf] ;fem]bf/L k|j4{g ug{, v'nf, kf/bzL{ k|so[ fx :yflkt
ug{, hgr]tgf tyf ;fj{hlgs ;dembf/L j[l4 ug{ pk/f]Qm /0fgLltxsf
cfwf/df b]xfosf gLltx cjnDag ul/g]5g\ M
%=!= w]/} If]qxdf k|of]u x'g] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf/L k|ljlw
(Enabling Technology) Pj+ pRr k|fyldstf If]qsf] kdf
h}ljs k|ljlwnfO{ dfGotf lbg] .
%=@= h}ljs k|ljlw ;dGjo ;ldltsf] :yfkgf ug]{ .
%=#= /fli6o h}ljs k|ljlw cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf ug]{ .
%=$= h}ljs k|ljlwsf] k|of]udf k|efj kfg{ ;Sg] ljBdfg sfg"gsf]
k' g /fjnf] s g u/L cfjZos sfg" g L Joj:yf ug] { .
%=%= h}ljs k|ljlwsf nflu pko'Qm dfgj ;|f]tsf] ljsf; ug]{ Pj+
cj;/xsf] ;[hgf ug]{ .
%=^= h}ljs k|ljlwsf] dfWodaf6 u'0f:t/Lo / /f]ud'Qm jf]6lj?jfx
k}bf ug{ lghL Joj;foLxnfO{ k|of]uzfnf, xl/tu[x tyf g;{/Lx
:yfkgf ug{ k|f]T;flxt ug]{ .
%=&= h}ljs k|ljlwsf] cg';Gwfg, ljsf; / Jofj;foLs/0fsf nflu
sfof{Gjogsf/L lkIfLo / jx'kIfLo sfo{;+/rgf l;h{gf ug]{ .
%=*= ljBdfg h}ljs k|ljlw If]qdf sfo{/t ;+:yfxsf] ;'b9[ Ls/0f ug]{
/ cfjZostf cg' ; f/ gof ;+ : yfx :yfkgf ug] { .
%=(= h}ljs k|ljlwo'Qm pTkfbgxsf] 9'jfgL, k}7f/L tyf lgsf;Lsf]
nflu Psf/ k|0ffnLsf] :yfkgf ug]{ .
%=!)= k|of]ul;4 e};s]sf k|ljlwxsf] k|j4{g ug{ h}ljs u|fdsf] cjwf/0ff
nfu' ug]{ .
#$^

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

%=!!= h}ljs k|ljlwsf] cg';Gwfg / ljsf;nfO{ k|j4{g ug{ /fli6o :t/df


Pp6f sf]if :yfkgf ug]{ .
%=!@= j+zfg'ut Ol~hlgol/ / h}ljs k|ljlwsf nflu cGt/f{li6o s]Gb|

(International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology) sf] ;b:otf lng] / ;Dj4 If]qLo tyf cGt/f{li6o

;+3;+:yfx;+u ;DaGw :yflkt ug]{ .

%=!#= jg, s[lifhGo tyf cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgsf nflu k|of]uzfnfaf6


ljsl;t cfly{s kaf6 ;Ifd -Economically Viable) k|ljlw
x:tfGt/0fnfO{ k|j4{g ug]{ .
%=!$= jftfj/0f ;+/If0f tyf k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkgnfO{ ;3fpg]
k|s[ltsf h}ljs k|ljlwsf] ljsf;df hf]8 lbg] .
%=!%= ljQLo ;+:yfxdf pkqmd k"h
+ L (Venture Capital) sf] :yfkgf
ug{ tyf ;Ifd h}ljs k|ljlwhGo pBf]uxnfO{ s/ ;'ljwf Pj+
ljQLo ;xfotf pknAw u/fpg cfjZos Joj:yf ug] { .
%=!^= l5d]sL tyf cGo ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zx;+u ;'ljwf tyf k|ljlwsf]
cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ / g]kfnsf ljsf; ;fem]bf/x (Development
Partners) ;+usf] ;';DaGwnfO{ h}ljs k|ljlwsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/sf]
lglDt clwstd k|of]u ug]{ .
%=!&= ;+efJo h}ljs k|ljlwhGo sfo{qmdxnfO{ ljQLo ;'ljwf pknJw
u/fpg] .
%=!*= cg';Gwftf / ljsf;sdL{x, s[ifsx tyf cf}Bf]lus sd{rf/LxnfO{
h}ljs k|ljlw ;DaGwL ljleGg txsf tfnLdx pknAw u/fpg] .
%=!(= h}ljs k|ljlw tyf tT;DaGwL k"jf{wf/xsf] ljsf;sf nflu :jb]zL
tyf ljb]zL nufgLnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ .
%=@)= h}ljs k|ljlwsf] cg';Gwfg, ljsf; tyf lj:tf/sf nflu bL3{sfnLg,
dWosfnLg tyf cNksfnLg of]hgfsf] th'{df Pj+ sfof{Gjog ug]{ .
%=@!= g]kfnn] o; gLltsf p2]Zo cg'sn
' h}ljs k|ljlwhGo Psflwsf/
(Patenting) nfO{ ;fsf/ kfg{ ljleGg sfo{ljlwx k'g/fjnf]sg
ug]{ / h}ljs ;'/Iff ;DaGwL sf6f{xg] f k|f6] f]sn (C.P.B.), jf}l4s
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#$&

;DklQ ;DaGwL clwsf/xdf c;/ kg{ hfg] Jofkf/ ;Demf}tf


(TRIPS), ;+s6fkGg jGohGt' tyf jg:kltsf] cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/
dxf;lGw (CITES) tyf h}ljs k|ljlwut kIfxsf] k'g/fjnf]sg
ug]{ .
^= sfo{gLlt M
h}ljs k|ljlw gLlt sfof{Gjog ug{ / ;f] gLltdf lglxt p2]Zo kl/k"lt{ ug{
b]xfosf] sfo{gLlt cjnDag ul/g]5 M
^=! k|fyldstfhGo dxTjsf If]qxM
b]xfosf If]qxnfO{ k|fyldstfhGo dxTjsf If]qxsf kdf
lnO{ tL If]qxsf] ljsf; u/L /fli6o of]ubfg k'ofpgsf lgldQ
h}ljs k|ljlw ;DaGwL cg';Gwfg Pj+ ljsf;sf sfo{qmdx
;~rfng ul/g]5g\ M
^=!=! jg, s[lif tyf vfBfGg M
jg, s[lif tyf vfBfGg If]qdf h}ljs k|ljlwsf] pkof]usf nflu
hf]8 lbO{g] dxTjk"0f{ If]qx b]xfo jdf]lhd x'g]5g\ M
^=!=!=! tGt' k|ljlw (Tissue Culture) .
^=!=!=@ h}ljs sL6gfzs ljiffbL, h}ljs dnvfb tyf cGo
;Dj4 h}ljs k|ljlwut kIf (Biopesticides,

Biofertilizer and other related Biotech


Aspects) .

^=!=!=# :jf:Yo pkrf/sf nflu k| f s[ l ts pTkfbgx


(Natural Products in Healthcare) .
^=!=!=$ s[lifhGo pTkfbgxsf kz' cfxf/ kl/k"/0f (Animal

Feeds / Supplements for Agricultural


Products) .

^=!=!=% PSjfsNr/ (Aquaculture) .


^=!=!=^ jg:klt tyf kz' ;'wf/ (Plant and Animal
Improvement) .
#$*

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

^=!=!=& zf]egLo km"n lj?jf, hl8a"6L tyf Rofp .


^=!=@ dfgj, k|f0fL tyf jg:kltsf] :jf:Yo pkrf/ M
j+zfg'ut v/faLaf6 jf jfXo k|efjaf6 x'g] ;fdfGo Pj+
c;fWo /f]uxsf] pkrf/ / /f]usL6 (Pathogen) sf] ;dod}
klxrfg ug{ cfw'lgs h}ljs k|ljlwut 1fg pkof]u ul/g]5
o;df hf] 8 lbO{ g ] If] q x b] x fo adf] l hd x' g ] 5 g\ M
^=!=@=! lgbfg (Diagnostics)
^=!=@=@ vf]k (Vaccines)
^=!=@=# kz' cf}iflw, /f]usf] lgbfg tyf vf]k (Veterinary
Drugs, Diagnostics and Vaccines)

^=!=@=$ lg/f]wfTds tyf pkrf/fTds lj1fg (Immunology


and Therapeutics)

^=!=@=% e|"0f :yfgfGt/0f (Embryo Transfer)


^=!=@=^ j+zf0f' pkrf/ (Gene Therapy)
^=!=# jftfj/0f / h}ljs ljljwtf
jftfj/0fLo k|b"if0f sd ug{, k|fs[lts ;fwg / ;|f]t Pj+
h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{g ug{ d2t k'Ug]u/L
h}ljs k|ljlwsf lqmofsnfkx ;~rfng ul/g]5g\ . o;
cGtu{ t dxTjk" 0 f{ If] q x b] x fo jdf] l hd 5g\ M
^=!=#=! kmf]x/d}nfsf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu ;'Id hLjf0f'sf]
ljsf; (Development of Microbial Strain
Cultures for Waste Management) .
^=!=#=@ :j:yfgLo / k/:yfgLo ;+/If0f / pkof]u (In-situ
and Ex-situ Conservation and Utilization of
Plant Resources) .

^=!=#=# h}ljs pkrf/ tyf cf}Bf]lus lgisfzg k|zf]wg

(Bioremediation and Industrial Effluent


Treatment) .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#$(

^=!=#=$ cg'udg ug]{ ;fwg tyf h}ljs ;r]ts;+jb] sx


(Monitoring Tools and Biosensor) .
^=!=#=% k|fs[lts hLj ;Dkbfaf6 sL6sf] Joj:yfkg (Pest

Management through Natural Bioagents and


Botanics) .

^=!=$ pBf]u M
vfB k|zf]wg, jg k}bfj/df cfwfl/t pBf]u tyf /;fog
h:tf If]qdf :yflkt pBf]uxsf] ljsf; tyf k|lt:kwf{Tdstf
j[l4 ug{ h}ljs k|ljlwhGo cg';Gwfgaf6 dxTjk"0f{ pknlAw
xfl;n ug{ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 . o;df dxTjsf
If]qx b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5g\ M
^=!=$=! vfBfGg tyf cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgx (Food and
Industrial Products)

^=!=$=@ ls0jLs/0f pTkfbgx (Fermentation Products)


^=!=$=# h}ljs phf{ (Bio-energy)
^=!=% l8clS;/fOjf]Go"lSns Pl;8 -8L=Pg=P=_ k|ljlw 8L=Pg=P=
k|ljlwsf kmfObfx lng b]xfosf ljifoxdf s]Gb|Lt u/L
;~rfng ul/g]5g\ M
^=!=%=! c0f'ut j0f{z+s/Ls/0fdf k|of]u ug{ hLj j+zf0f'sf]
klxrfg / k[ysLs/0f (Identification and Isolation
of Genes to use in Molecular Hybridization) .
^=!=%=@ ;+s6fkGg tyf Jofkfl/sJofj;flos k|hfltsf]
jx'kLo tyf c0f'ut gSzf+sg cWoog (Studies
on Polymorphism, Molecular Mapping of
Endangered and Commercial Species) .

^=!=%=# k|hgg\ sfo{qmddf ;"rs ;xof]uL 5gf}6 / lgbfgfTds


;/;fdfgsf] ljsf; (Selection of gene for

breeding program and development of


diagnostic kits) .

#%)

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

^=!=%=$ ljlwlj1fgsf] nflu 8L=Pg=P= clen]vLs/0f (DNA


Profiling for Forensic) .
^=!=%=% j+zf0f'ut /f]usf] klxrfg (Diagnosis of Genetic
Disease) .
^=!=%=^ lkt[Tj ljZn]if0f, cWofudg tyf gful/stf clen]v
(Paternity Analysis, Immigration and
Citizenship Record) .

^=@ dfgj ;|f]t ljsf; M


^=@=! ljleGg dfWolds ljBfno, ljZjljBfnox tyf ;Dj4
;+:yfxdf k|jl] zsf, k"j{ :gfts, :gfts tyf :gftsf]Q/
txxdf h}ljs k|ljlw / h}ljs ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] cWoog
k|f/De ug{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
^=@=@ h}ljs k|ljlwsf] nflu dfgj;|ft] sf] ;femf e08f/sf] clej[l4
ug]{ pkfox cjnDag ul/g]5 .
^=@=# h}ljs k|ljlwsf] If]qdf pko'Qm dfgj >f]tsf] ljsf; ug]{
tyf ljBdfg hgzlQmnfO{ sfod /flv /fVg tyf gj
cfuGt'sxnfO{ cfslif{t ug{ cfjZos kxn ul/g]5 .
^=@=$ Joj;flos tyf gjLg ;Lkxsf ;DaGwdf j}1flgsxnfO{
cfjZos cNksfnLg Pj+ bL3{sfnLg tfnLd k|bfg ul/g]5 .
^=@=% h} l js k| l jlwsf] If] q df :jb] z L Pj+ ljb] z L
ljZjljBfno;+:yfxaLr cWoog tyf cg';Gwfgdf
;xof]u :yflkt ug{ k|of;x ul/g]5g\ .
^=@=^ lj1fgdf tyf k|ljlwdf :gftsf]Q/, ljBfjfl/lwsf nflu
h}ljs k|ljlw tyf ;DalGwt If]qdf 5fqj[lQx pknAw
u/fOg]5 .
^=@=& /fli6o h}ljs k|ljlw cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; s]Gb| /
jftfj/0f, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfnof/f pBdzLntf
(Entrepreneurship) sf] ;Dj4{g ug{sf] nflu sfo{qmd
tyf k|0ffnLxsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 .
s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#%!

^=# cfwf/e"t ;+/rgf M


^=#=! d' n ' s df ljBdfg h} l js k| l jlwhGo cg' ; Gwfgsf
k"jf{wf/xnfO{ ;'b[9 ub}{ nlug]5 .
^=#=@ h}ljs k|ljlwut Ifdtfsf] ljsf;sf nflu ;/sf/L,
cw{;/sf/L, lghL tyf z}lIfs ;+:yfxdf cfjZos ;+:yfut
k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
^=#=# /fli6o k|fyldstf cg';f/ cg';Gwfg / tfnLd ;+rfng
ug{ /fli6o h}ljs k|ljlw s]Gb|Lo k|of]uzfnfsf] :yfkgf
ul/g]5 .
^=#=$ h}ljs k|ljlwdf ePsf gjLg pGgltx Pj+ pQd k/Dk/fut
k|ljlwx ;dfj]z ePsf h}ljs u|fdsf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 .
^=#=% h}ljs k|ljlwdf ;+nUg cg';GwftfxnfO{ cfjZos pks/0f
pknJw u/fpg ;+oGq s]Gb|x (Instrumentation Centres)
sf] :yfkgf / ljsf; ul/g]5 .
&= ;'ljwfx M
&=! /;fog tyf pks/0f vl/b s/ M h}ljs k|ljlw ;dGjo ;ldltsf]
l;kmfl/zdf h}ljs k|ljlwut pBf]u jf cg';Gwfg ;+:yfsf nflu
/f;folgs kbfy{ tyf pks/0f vl/b ubf{ nfUg] eG;f/ z'Nsdf
5'6 lbg] ;DaGwdf cfjZos Joj:yf ul/g]5 . h}ljs k|ljlwut
pBf]u eGgfn] b]xfosf] s'g} s[ofsnfkdf ;+nUg pBf]unfO{
;Demg'k5{ M
&=!=! hLljt k|0ffnLx /jf OGhfOd (Enzymes) jf h}ljs
pTk|]/s/x (Biocatalysts) sf] k|of]u af/] cg';Gwfg /
ljsf; tyf ltgsf] k|of]uaf6 j:t'x pTkfbg ug]{ .
&=!=@ j+zfg'ut Ol~hlgol/ jf hLjsf]if (Cell Culture), ;'Id
hLjlj1fg (Microbiology), hLj /;fog zf:q
(Biochemistry), c0f' u t hLjlj1fg (Molecular
Biology) / tGt' k|ljlw (Tissue Culture) OToflb ;DaGwL
k|ljlwsf] k|of]u x'g] .
#%@

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

&=@ h}ljs k|ljlw ljsf;sf] nflu ljB't ;]jfsf] cfjZostf ckl/xfo{


x'g] ePsfn] ljB'tsf] d"Nodf cg'bfg lbg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
&=# h}ljs u|fd :yflkt ug{ ;/sf/n] hUuf pknJw u/fpg] 5 .
&=$ g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf lghLIf]qsf] ;+o'Qm nufgLdf k"+hLut ahf/
pkof]u u/L pkqmd k"+hLsf]if (Venture Capital Fund) sf]
:yfkgf ul/g]5 .
&=% ljb]zdf sfo{/t g]kfnL gful/sxn] o; If]qdf k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f
tyf ahf/ k|j4{gdf dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng] ePsf]n] pgLxn] cfh{g
u/]sf] ljb]zL d'b|f o; If]qdf nufgL ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
&=^ h}ljs k|fljlw1x tyf ;Dj4 pBf]uxnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug{
k'/:sf/ tyf ;Ddfgsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
*= ;+:yfut Joj:yf M
*=! h}ljs k|ljlw ;DaGwL cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; Pj+ o; If]qsf
nflu cfjZos hgzlQm ljsf; / h}ljs k|ljlw ljifosf] kf7\oqmd
ljsf; ug{ h}ljs k|ljlw ;dGjo ;ldltsf] u7g ul/g]5 . o;
;ldltn] lghLIf]qsf pBdLxnfO{ cfgf] pTkfbgdf j[l4 ug{
h}ljs k|ljlw u|x0f ug{ k|fT] ;fxg tyf ;fj{hlgs ;r]tgf a9fpg]
sfo{ ug]5
{ . h}ljs k|ljlw ;dGjo ;ldltsf] u7g b]xfo adf]lhd
x'g]5 M
!= dfggLo dGqL/fHodGqL, jftfj/0f,
lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno

cWoIf

@= dfggLo ;b:o, /fli6o of]hgf cfof]u


-h}ljs k|ljlw If]q x]g]{

;b:o

#= ;lrj, jftfj/0f, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno

;b:o

$= ;lrj, sfg"g, Gofo tyf ;+;bLo Joj:yf dGqfno

;b:o

%= ;lrj, jg tyf e";+/If0f dGqfno

;b:o

^= ;lrj, pBf]u, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno

;b:o

&= ;lrj, cy{ dGqfno

;b:o

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#%#

*= ;lrj, s[lif ljsf; dGqfno

;b:o

(= ;lrj, lzIff tyf v]ns"b dGqfno

;b:o

!)= ;lrj, :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfno

;b:o

!!= ;lrj, ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ dGqfno

;b:o

!@= cWoIf, ;DalGwt h}ljs k|ljlw ;+3 -Ps hgf_

;b:o

!#= lzIffWoIf, lqe'jg ljZjljBfno

;b:o

!$= lzIffWoIf, cGo ;Dj4 ljZjljBfno -Ps hgf_

;b:o

!%= ;lrj, g]kfn lj1fg tyf k|ljlw k|1f k|lti7fg

;b:o

!^= cWoIf, s[lif pBd s]Gb|

;b:o

!&= h}ljs k|ljlw ljz]if1 -rf/ hgf_

;b:o

!*= pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf k|ltlglw -b'O{ hgf_

;b:o

!(= sfo{sf/L lgb]z


{ s, g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb\

;b:o

@)= sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs, /fli6o h}ljs k|ljlw


cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; s]Gb|

;b:o;lrj

*=@ /fli6o h}ljs k|ljlw cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; s]Gb| M


jftfj/0f, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno cGtu{t /fli6o h}ljs
k|ljlw cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 . o;n]
b]xfosf sfo{x ug]{5 M
*=@=! /fli6o h}ljs k|ljlw cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; s]Gb|n] /fli6o
h}ljs k|ljlw ;DaGwL k|fyldstfxsf] klxrfg u/L k|:t't
/fli6 o /0fgLlt sfof{ G jog / k| 0 ffnLsf ljleGg
cjojxaLrsf] ;xof]u k|j4{g ug]{ .
*=@=@ h}ljs k|ljlw ;dGjo ;ldltsf] ;lrjfnosf] kdf sfd
ug]{, h}ljs k|ljlw ;DaGwL gLlt tyf of]hgf sfof{Gjog
ug]{ jf u/fpg], ;f] gLlt tyf of]hgfsf] ;'k/Lj]If0f tyf
lg/LIf0f ug]{ / To;df ;3fp k'ofpg] / lghL pBdLxaf6
#%$

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

ul/Psf s[ofsnfkxnfO{ lgodg ug]{ .


*=@=# h}ljs k|ljlw ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;sf] k|j4{gsf
nflu h}ljs k|ljlw dxfzfvf vf]Ng ;DalGwt dGqfnox;+u
;dGjo ug]{ tyf /fli6o h}ljs k|ljlw cg';Gwfg tyf
ljsf; s]Gb|df cg';Gwfg k|of]uzfnfxsf] :yfkgf ug]{ .
*=@=$ cfly{s ;|f]t, cGt/f{li6o ;DaGw, Jofj;flos ljsf;,
;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf ljifox tyf g}lts ljifoxsf]
cGj]if0f ug]{ . h}ljs k|ljlwdf pkqmd k"+hL (Venture
Capital) sf] nufgL tyf cf}Bf]lus ;fem]bf/xsf] vf]hL
k|j4{g ug]{ .
*=@=% cGt/f{li6o tyf /fli6o ;Nnfxsf/ ;d"xxsf] ;"rL tof/
ug]{ .
*=# /fli6o h}ljs k|ljlw cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; s]Gb| cGtu{t
h}ljs k|ljlw j}1flgs ;ldlt u7g ul/g]5 / ;f] ;ldltdf
h}ljs k|ljlwsf ljleGg If]qxsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ j}1flgsx
/xg]5g\ .
(= sfg"gL Joj:yf M
h}ljs k|ljlwsf dfWodaf6 x'g] sf/f]jf/ / o; k|ljlw;+u ;DalGwt cGo
cfjZos Joj:yfxnfO{ lgoldt ug{ tyf jf}l4s ;DklQ ;DaGwL clwsf/sf]
;+/If0f ug{ cfjZos sfg"gxsf] lgdf{0f ul/g]5 .
!)= gLltdf ;+zf]wg M
h}ljs k|ljlwut If]qdf e}/x]sf] b|"tt/ ljsf;sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ k|ljlwsf]
ljsf; Pj+ ;]jf lj:tf/sf] cfjZostf cg';f/ b'O{ b'O{ jif{df k|:t't gLltsf]
k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg]5 . t/ ljleGg If]qxsf] ;'emfjdf
;f] ;doeGbf cufj} klg o;nfO{ k'g/fjnf]sg u/L cfjZos ;+zf]wg ug{
;lsg]5 .

s[lif ;DalGw gLltx?sf] ;+ufnf], @)&)

#%%

k|sfzs
g]kfn ;/sf/
s[lif ljsf; dGqfno
of]hgf dxfzfvf
s[lif gLlt zfvf
l;+xb/af/, sf7df8f}+, g]kfn
kmf]g g+=M $@!!^^%
km\ofS;M $@!!(#%
j]j;fO6M www.moad.gov.np

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