MATHEMATICS OF A BLACK HOLE

Mathematics of a black hole

Devin Wilson
Astronomy: PHYS-1040-006-806-F16-West
Salt Lake Community College

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Abstract
Black holes are interesting parts of our universe. They exist as objects with zero
size and infinite density which can cause a lot of problems for our knowledge of the laws
of the universe until we apply the mathematics to solve these. Many of these
mathematically equations have been discovered over the years by people such as Isaac
newton, Karl Schwarzschild, John Michell and especially for many recent discoveries of
the functions of black holes and the equations to answer them from Stephen Hawking.
Using the equations for the transfer of energy Odenwald, S., Dr (Ed.). (2015, May 11)..
Gravitational constants. And especially the Schwarzschild radius we can tell a lot about
black holes just from studying the way they effect the stars around them. The study of
black holes has gained a lot of ground in recent years due to people as said above
stephen hawking who have put into practicality many of einstiens theories and newtons
to apply to the gravity phenomenon we know as black holes, and even disvoering some
chilling new theories such as the creation of new particles discribling the radiation that is
given off of many blackholes from antiparticles losing particles by being sucking into the
monster of a black hole. These are topics that I will discuss in this paper.
Keywords: Newton, Stephen Hawking, Schwarzschild radius, Gravitational constant.

Mathematics of a black hole

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The black hole a large gravitational phenomenon that we have put a lot of
research in as the objects have many interesting facts on how they affect our
understanding of every piece of how the universe works. From the initial singularity that
started the big bang and had us be created from the start of the universe to our galaxy's
center with the black hole of Sagittarius A that makes our spiral galaxy work the way
that it does. What is a black hole mathematically? (2016, July 23) the first thing that we must
look at at the creation of black holes. How they are created mathematically. First we look at how
all the kinetic energy turns into gravitational energy using the equation 1/2MV^2=GMm/r
showing that the collapse of a major star will turn into after the explosion of a supernova or the
collapse of a star giving the new star with its new greater density a formula to calculate that
density. We rearrange the equation with algebra to gain the equation for calculation which is Ve=
The square root of 2GM/R and then we can put our final calculations into the problem.
Though this equation works tremendously when we are seeing the new density not all
stars become black holes with a singularity. We can use the equations of F=G(M1M2/r^2) to
calculate the ability of an object in becoming a black hole and see if it has the potential force to
The equation that makes sure that we know this is know as the schwarzschild radius and is a
formula discovered by swatch child when he was studying black holes. the Schwarzschild
radius is, more or less, the size that a given object, with a given mass, should have in order for it
to be a black hole. For instance, if we managed to concentrate all the mass of the Earth into a
sphere of a radius of a few centimetres, then that object would be a black hole.What is a black

hole mathematically? (2016, July 23). This equation is

using the speed of light

the mass of the object and the gravitational constant we are able to calculate what the radius will

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be. This is the event horizon of the black hole and anything. Including light will be sucked into it
as a result. We know of no particles that can escape the even horizon of a black hole.

In Depth studies
So far we can generally say that we have a vast understanding of black holes if everything from
the equations above is true. But what happens if it gets all muddled up from some theoretical
physics? Well many physicists, primarily hawking thought it was fun to muddle up everything
and have come to many interesting conclusions based on this muddling of ideas . one big one in
particular is that of hawking radiation.hawking radiation is a theory that says that particles are
randomly created with an antiparticle and are almost always instantly destroyed by one another.
But what if a particle was created near the event horizon of a black hole? Suddenly they cannot
destroy one another and a new particle is generated creating a radiation field around the black

hole.

where we have the speed of light , Plancks constant , Gravitational

Constant , Boltzmanns constant and the mass of the black hole . Notice that this equation
contains both and , this indicates that black hole temperature is a quantum-gravitational effect.
This also allows us to see the entropy of the black hole which describes the state of the black
hole from the heat. These new theories have given us a lot of insight on what truly is a black hole
and how the functions of the inner workings are.

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Black holes are interesting small and incredibly dense. Kinda similar to myself, haha. But
very interesting and affect the way the universe functions. Maybe through more research and
more importantly more mathematics. We can discover more the the function and idea of black
holes. Thank you for reading.

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references
What is a black hole mathematically? (2016, July 23). Retrieved November/December,
2016, from https://plus.maths.org/content/what-black-hole-part-2
Black hole. (2011, May/June). Retrieved November 14, 2016, from
http://physicsforidiots.com/space/black-holes/
Odenwald, S., Dr (Ed.). (2015, May 11). Black Hole Math. Retrieved November 16,
2016, from https://www.nasa.gov/pdf/377674main_Black_Hole_Math.pdf