EC 501: Probability and Stochastic Processes.

Part-A
Chapter1: Review of Probability Theory. Review of axiomatic approach to probability: Random
experiment, Sample space, Events, set theory, Axioms of probability, Properties of probability.
Conditional probability: Definition and properties, Product rule, Independent events: Definition
and properties. Total probability theorem and Bayes theorem.
4 hours
Chapter2: Random Variable Theory . Random variable: Definition and meaning of events
generated by random variable. The probability (Cumulative) distribution function (CDF):
Definition and properties. Classification of random variables: Discrete and continuous random
variables, Probability density (pdf) and mass function (pmf): Definition and properties.
Conditional distributions.
4 hours
Chapter3: Functions of one random variable. Meaning of Y = g(X), Distribution function of Y =
g(X), density function of Y = g(X) and fundamental theorem. Definition and properties of mean,
variance, moment generating function and characteristic function of a random variable, moments
of a random variable, Chebyshev inequality. Definition of mean of Y = g(X).
4 hours
Chapter4: Some examples of Discrete and Continuous distributions. Discrete distributions:
Binomial, Poisson and Geometric distributions. Continuous distributions: Uniform, Exponential,
Gaussian, Rayleigh and Weibull distributions, Properties, mean, variance and moment generating
function of the above distributions.
5 hours
Chapter5: Multivariate random variables, Two Random variables. Definition and properties of
joint distribution and joint density functions, independence of two random variables, sum of two
independent random variables. Joint moments and central moments, mean of random variable Z
= g(X, Y), Definition and properties of covariance and correlation of coefficient of two random
variables and joint characteristic function. Sequence of Random variables. (Only for reading
purpose) Multivariate distribution and density functions, independence of `n random variables,
II D random variables, mean of `n random variables, covariance and correlation matrix of `n
random variables, Central limit theorem.
7 hours
PART B
Chapter6: Reliability Theory. Definition and properties of reliability, failure, failure rate, Mean
time to failure (MTTF), Mean time between failures. Failure Models: Normal failure law,
Exponential failure law and The Weibull failure law.
System configurations in reliability:
Series, Parallel and standby redundancy.
6 hours
Chapter7: Introduction to stochastic processes. Concept of stochastic processes, Classification of
stochastic processes. Deterministic and Nondeterministic processses. Methods of description:
Joint distribution, Analytical description, Average values (mean). Autocorrelation, auto
covariance and correlation coefficient). Two or more processes: Joint distribution, crosscorrelation, cross covariance and cross correlation coefficient. Uncorrelated, orthogonal and
independent stochastic processes. Special classes of stochastic processes. Poisson, Wiener,
Random telegraph and Random binary processes.
6 hours

Chapter8: Stationary processes.

Concept of stationary processes, First order stationary, second order stationary and wide
stationary, and N-order stationary and strict sense stationary processes. Autocorrelation and
power spectral density function of WSS processes. Definition and properties of power spectral
density and cross power spectral density of a WSS processes. Time averages and Ergodicity.
6 hours
Chapter9: Special classes of random processes, Introduction to Gaussian process and its
properties, Band pass Gaussian process, Introduction to Markov sequences and processes and
their properties, Gauss-Markov process.
3 hours
Chapter10: Response of Linear system to random inputs Linear system fundamentals, Discrete
time and continuous time systems, Mean and autocorrelation of the output, Distribution
functions, stationarity of the output, and correlation and power spectral density of the output
for both discrete and continuous time systems.
4 hours
References:
1. Peyton Peebles Jr: Probability, Random Variables & Random signal Principles, McGrawHill
2. K. Sam Shanmugam & Breipoh1: Random signals-Detection, Estimation and Data
Analysis: John Wiley & sons.
3. Das, Mullick and Chatterjee: Principles of Digital Communication, Wiley Eastern.
4. A. Papoulis: Probability Random variables and stochastic process. McGraw-Hill.
5. P.S.Sathyanarayana: Probability Information and coding theory, Dynaram Publications.
6. Charles E Ebeling : Reliability and Maintainability, TMH, 1997.

EC 502: CONTROL ENGINEERING

PART-A
1. Introduction: Open Loop and closed loop systems-comparison concepts of linear-non linear,
time invariant, time variant, continuous data and discrete data control systems.
3 hours
2. Mathematical Models of Linear Systems: Mechanical and Electrical systems-Analogous
systems.
4 hours
3. Methods of Analysis: Block diagrams and block reduction techniques, signal flow graph
methods-Mansons gain formula.
6 hours
4. Time Response Analysis: Transfer function and impulse response Dependence on pole
locations, dominant pole concept, equation and order of the systems. Step response of first order
and second order systems, time domain specifications and evaluation for second order systems.
Steady state analysis Static error constants-Error series and Dynamic error coefficients. 6 hrs.
5. Frequency Response Analysis: General nature, Frequency domain specifications, Evaluation
for second order systems and M and N circles, Nichols charts and its application.
5 hours
PART-B
6.Stability Studies: R-H criterion and its limitations, Root locus method-sketching procedure and
interpretations. Nyquist criterion and Relative stability Gain and phase margins from polar
plots, Bode plots and Relative stability. Time Domain for Domain specifications and correlation.
10 hours
7. Introduction to Design: Lead and Lag compensation design of simple compensation using
Bode Plots only.
4 hours
8. Modern Control Theory: Concepts of states, State Variables and state model. Obtaining state
model from differential equations and Transfer functions, Phase variables canonical form and
Lures (Diagonal) canonical forms Jordan form for LTI, SISO systems, State Transition matrix
and its properties Solution of state equations. Concepts of controllability and observability.
-10 hours
Reference Books:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Nagarath & Gopal: Control systems Engineering New age 2005

Ogata: Modern Control Engineering McGraw-Hill
Sushil Das Gupta Control Systems Theory Dhanapat Rai
P.S.Sathyanarayana, Concept of control systems Dynaram

EC-503 Digital system design using HDLs

PART A
1.0 Introduction: Digital design. Analog versus digital. Digital devices. Electronic aspects of
digital design. Software aspect of digital design. ICs, PLDs, ASICs, PCBs. Digital design levels.
The real world of design.
2hrs
2.0 Hardware description language: Introduction to HDL. Different HDLs. VHDL basics.
Historical overview. VHDL description of combinational networks. Modelling of flip flops.
Variables, signals, constants and arrays, data types and operators, functions and procedures.
Packages and Libraries. Compilation and simulation VHDL codes. Brief introduction to Verilog.
15hrs
3.0 Design of arithmetic operating units: Design of serial adder, State graph for control
networks. Design of binary multiplier, Multiplication of signed binary numbers, Design of binary
divider.
5hrs
4.0 Floating point arithmetic: Floating point numbers, floating point multiplication. Other
floating point operation.
2hrs

PART - B
5.0 Digital design with SM charts: state machines, moore and mealy type machines. SM charts.
Derivation and realization of SM charts. Example of DICE game. Microprogramming, linked
state machine.
06hrs
6.0 Digital design of sequential circuits: Modelling of sequential circuits and writing the
VHDL code. Examples of counters, shift registers, and sequence generators.
06hrs
7.0 VHDL models for memories and buses:Static RAM, Simplified 486 bus model. Interfacing
memory to microprocessor. Some design examples ( UART, CODE Generator, filter etc). 08hrs
8.0 Programmable logic devices: ROMs, PLAs and PLDs. FPGAs. Brief explanation of these
devices with an example each. Designing of digital systems using these devices with the help of
VHDL.
04hrs

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.0 Charles.H.Roth.Jr: Digital system design using VHDL, Thomson learning Inc. 2002.
2.0 J.Bhaskar: VHDL Primer, Pearson/PHI-2003.
3.0 John.F.Wakerly: Digital design principles and practices, EEE, 3 rd Edition

EC 504: MICROPROCESSORS
PART-A
CHAPTER 1:Introduction to 8bit intel microprocessor: Architecture and addressing modes
instruction set, memory and I/O interface. Sample programs.
6hrs
CHAPTER 2: Architecture and addressing modes of advanced microprocessor:
Introduction, architecture and addressing modes of 8086 and 80386 microprocessors. 9hrs
CHAPTER 3: Assembly language of 8086 microprocesor: Data movement instructions,
arithmetic and logical instructions, program control instructions, pseudo instructions/assembler
directives and programming methodologies and examples.
7hrs

PART-B
CHAPTER 4: Hardware specifications: Pin outs and pin functions of 8086, clock generator,
bus buffering andlatching, bus timing, ready and wait state, minimum and maximum mode,
virtual mode of 80386.
6hrs
CHAPTER 5: Interfacing of input and output devices: 8255 PPI and its applications, BSR
mode and I/O mode operations, interrupts of 8086, 8259 PIC Programmable interrupt
controller, 8253/8254 programmable timer/counter, various modes of operations and there
applications.
10hrs
CHAPTER 6: 8237 DMA controller, 8272A floppy disk controller, serial data transmission
methods and standards, RS-232C serial data standard, 8251A
programmable serial
communication interface, memory interfacing, microprocessor development system,ICE. 10hrs

REFERENCES:
1.BREY B.B: The intel microprocessor: architecture, programming and interfacing, 4 th edition,
PHI.
2.GAONKER: Microprocessor architecture and programming, new delhi, new age.
3.YU- Cheng liu & glenn a gibbson: microcomputer system.
4.DOUGLAS V HALL: Microprocessors and interfacing, Singapore, mcgraw hill.
5.A.K.RAY:
Advanced
microprocessors
and
peripherals,
TMH
,
2000.
6.BADRI RAM: Advanced microprocessors and interfacing.

EC-505: DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

PART-A
CHAPTER1: Introduction: Fourier Transform, Z-Transforms, Frequency Domain Sampling,
DFT as Linear Transformation, relationship of DFT to other Transformation, frequency analysis
of signals using DFT.
6 hours
CHAPTER2: Computation of DFT: Direct Computation of DFT, Introduction to FFT, FFT
Algorithms, Decimation in Time FFT algorithms, Decimation in Frequency algorithms, FFT
algorithm for a Composite number Chirp Z Transformation.
6 hours
CHAPTER 3: Digital Filter Structures: IIR-Filter structures: Direct form I &II, Cascade,
parallel& Ladder type realization, FIR filer structures: Direct form I & II Linear Phase FIR
structure.
4 hours
CHAPTER 4: IIR Filter Design
IIR Filter design by approximation of derivatives, IIR filter design by Impulse Invariance, IIR
filter design by Bilinear transformation, Transformation of basic low pass filer
10 hrs.
PART-B
CHAPTER 5: FIR Filter Design
Characteristics of FIR digital filters, Different type of windows: - Rectangular, Barlett,
Hamming, Blackman and Kaiser window, Condition of FIR filter to have Linear Phase,
symmetric and anti-symmetric., Design of FIR filters using windows: Design of FIR filters by
frequency sampling method, Design of Equi-ripple FIR filters, Comparison of IIR & FIR filters.
CHAPTER6: Multirate digital signal processing
The basic sample rate alterations decimators and interpolators, filter in sampling rate alteration,
multistage design of decimators and interpolators.
10 hours
CHAPTER7: Digital Signal Processors(DSPs)
Architecture and features of TMS 320CXX, DSP Processor. Addressing modes, instruction set
and application.
7 hours.

REFERENCES:
1. Terrel and LK Kwan: Digital signal processing, A student guide.
2. Oppenheim and R.W. Schafer: Discrete time signal processing, PHI

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Sanjeev K. Mitra: Digital Signal Processing, McGraw Hill

Prokis & Monolokis: Digital Signal Processing, PHI
Oppenheim & Schafer et.al.: Application of DSP, PHI
TMS Manual: Texas Instruments
Padmanabhan et.al. Digital Signal Processing, new age publishers, 2001
Ingle and Proakis: Digital Signal Processing using Matlab, 2001
S.Salivahanan, et.al. Digital Signal Processing, TMH 2001.

EC-506 ANALOG COMMUNICATION

PART-A
CHAPTER 1: Introduction, definition of terms, block diagrams of communication system,
communication, sources of information, channel, noise. Noise: Internal Noise-thermal noise, shot
noise. External noise sources, White noise, Narrow band noise, Signal to Noise ratio[SNR],
Noise equivalent bandwidth, Noise figure, Noise figure of cascaded systems, Mathematical
representation of noise, Noise Temperature
[6 hours]

CHAPTER 2: Amplitude modulation, frequency translation, full AM, Time domain and
Frequency domain representation of AM signals, Generation of Wave: square law modulator,
switching modulator, Power in AM wave. Detection of AM waves: Rectifier detector, square law
detector, Envelope detector, Distortion in envelope detectors
[8 hours]

CHAPTER 3: Double side band suppress carrier systems, Time domination and frequency
domain representation, Spectrum of DSB, Generation of DSB-SC waves: Ring modulator,
Balanced modulators. Coherent Detection of DSB-SC signal, effect of phase & frequency errors
in coherent detection, Costas receiver, Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) 5 hours.
Chapter 4: Single Side Band (SSB) system. Hilbert transform and its properties, time domain and
frequency domain description of SSB, Spectrum of SSB waves, Phase shift method of generator
of SSB, Filter method of generation of SSB, Coherent method of demodulation of SSB signals,
Vestigial side band transmission (VSB), Envelope detection of VSB signal, Frequency division
multiplexing (FDM), comparison of various AM systems.
5 hours.
PART-B
Chapter 5: Angle modulation systems, Basic definition, FM & PM, inter relation between FM &
PM, Narrow band FM (NBFM), Spectrum of NBFM, Bandwidth of NBFM, Wideband FM
(WBFM) analysis-spectrum of NBFM for tone modulation. Bandwidth determination by using
Bessels coefficient, bandwidth by Carsons Rule. Generation of FM waves: Indirect method
(phase discrimination method for WBFM generation with an example). Direct method of WBFM
generation. Demodulation of FM waves: Basic principle, slope detector, Foster seely
discriminator, PLL for demodulation of FM.
12 hours.
Chapter 6: Noise in CW modulation system: Introduction, receiver models, Figure of Merit
(FOM), Noise in AM receivers, threshold effect, Noise in DSB-SC receivers (coherent), Noise in
SSB receivers (coherent), Noise in FM receivers, Pre-emphasis, De-emphasis in FM,
Comparison of Noise performance of various CW modulated sytems.
6 hours.

Chapter 7: AM & FM systems: AM transmitter- High level & low level modulators, AM
receivers-Super heterodyne receivers, Receiver characteristics, FM transmitter & receivers, FM
stereo AFC in FM.
6 hours.
References:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Simon Hykin: Communication system, 3 rd Edition, Jhon Wiely international.

B.P.Lathi: Modern Digital and analog communications, Prism books
Bruce Carlson: Communication systems, McGraw-Hill
Martin S. Roden: Analog and digital communication systems, PHI
Frenzel: Communication electronics, McGraw-Hill Book Co.

EC 507: MICROPROCESSORS LAB (Using 8085 systems)

1. Block Movement of data (8085 up only)
2. Arithmetic operations and Logical operations on Binary and BCD Nos. Addition,
subtraction, multiplication, division, LCM, HCF, marking specific bit/bits of a given byte
and 2-out of 5-code (using 8085 and 8086 ups) (for packed and unpacked Nos)
3. Finding the Largest number in a given set of data (8085).
4. Ascending order arrangement of a set of Data Bytes Bubble sort & selection sort,
Linear Search (8085 & 8086).
5. Code Conversion (8085)
6. Concatenation of the input string with a defined string (8086)
7. Reversal of a data string (8086)
8. Palindrome of a binary data (8085 & 8086)
9. Data Acquisition, A/D conversion and string of data (8085)
10. D/A conversion generating waveform (8085)
11. Stepper Motor Control (8085)
12. CRT Interface (8085)
13. Keyboard & Display interface-software approach & Hardware approach (8279 chip)
14. Interfacing experiments using 8085 up only.

EC 508: CIRCUIT SIMULATION LAB

I. Using pspice or equivalent simulation software
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Power supply design: series voltage regulator (with preamplifier).

Switching regulator
Feedback amplifier: voltage series, current series
Filters: active filters (second order)
Combinational circuits: Mux & its applications, adders and its applications,
Demux/decoder, Encoder.
Design of countrs/shift registers and their applications.
Experiments with 555 timer (Astable, monostable)
D/A Converters & A/D converters
FSK generation.

II. Using Model Sim (upto synthesis and functional simulation)

a) modeling of gates, HA, FA, MUX using
(i) Structural, (ii) Behavioral, (iii) Data flow model.
b) Modeling of Latches and Flip flops (i) D flip-flop, (ii) SR flip-flop, (iii) JK flip-flop,
(iv) T flip-flop.

EC601 DIGITAL COMMUNICATION THEORY

PART A
CHAPTER 1: Introduction:
Model of a Digital Communication system, Comparison of Digital & analog Communication
systems, Bandwidth of Digital data, Base band versus Band pass.
(3
hours)
CHAPTER 2: Discrete Pulse Amplitude Modulation:
Review of sampling theorem, sampling of low pass and band pass signals, practical aspect of
sampling, Reconstruction of message from its samples, channel band width for PAM signals,
generation and detection of PAM.
(5 hrs)
CHAPTER 3: Coding of Base Band Analog Signals:
Messages, characters and Symbols, Character coding. Formatting Analog Information
sampling. Quantization, Quantization noise, Elements of PCM .Different PCM quantizer,
uniform and non-uniform quantization, companding, DPCM, PCM decoders.
(6 hrs)
CHAPTER 4: Delta Modulation (DM):
Principles, Noise in DM systems, Granular and slope overload in DM systems, ASM systems,
Comparing of PCM and DM, Digital Multiplexers, TDM-PCM Telephone Systems. CODEC
(4 hours)
CHAPTER 5: Digital Signaling Formats:
LINE CODES: Various types and their power spectra, regenerating repeater

(3 hours)

CHAPTER 6: Synchronization: Bit synchronization, Word Synchronization, Frame

Synchronization, Non-linear clock recovery (Codes for recovery).
(3 hrs)

PART B
CHAPTER 7: Base Band Systems:
Introduction Coding and Decoding, inter symbol interference. Base band shaping optimum
transmitting and receiving filters. Correlative coding base band M-array PAM systems, adaptive
equalizations, Eye patterns, Scrambler and de-scrambler

CHAPTER 8: Digital Carrier Systems (Band pass data translation)

Elements of band pass data transmission system, correlative receiver, matched filter receiver,
probability of error of matched filter.
CHAPTER 9: Binary ASK
Modulators and demodulators performance of coherent and non-coherent BASK, spectral
properties of BASK
CHAPTER 10: ASK Systems
Modulators and demodulators performance of coherent and non-coherent ASK, minimum shift
keying, binary PSK systems: spectral properties of BPSK systems, BPSK modulators and
demodulators, differential coherent demodulation of BPSK, performance of matched filter
detector, discriminator DPSK, QPSK, MPSK. Introduction to spread spectrum techniques
REFERENCES:
1. Sam Shanmugham: Digital and Analog Communication Systems, John Weiley and
Sons
2. Simon Haykin: Digital Communications, Weiley International Edn., 1989
3. Martin S. Roden: Digital and Data Communication Systems, Prentice Hall, 1982
4. Leonw-Couch-II: Digital and Analog Communication Systems, III Edn., Maxwell
Macmillan International Edn,1989
5. Bernard Sklar: Digital Communications: PHI
6. R Lathi: Communication Systems, Delhi, Oxford
7. John G. Proakis: Digital Communication

EC 602 MICROCONTROLLERS
PART- A

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO MICROCONTROLLERS: Comparison

between microprocessors and microcontroller, microcontroller families, RISC/CISC Architecture,
Harward and Von Neumann architecture
(4
hours)

CHAPTER 2: 8051 ARCHITECTURE: 8051 Microcontroller

circuits, external memory, counters and timers, serial data I/O interrupts

Hardware, pins, ports,

(7 hours)

CHAPTER 3: ASSEMBLY LEVEL PROGRAMMING CONCEPTS OF

8051: Understanding assembly language syntax of 8051, instruction syntax, addressing modes of 8051,
extensive study of instruction set of 8051 and example programs
hours)

(14

PART-B

CHAPTER 4: MEMORY INTERFACING: Memory devices, address decoding, 8/16/32

and 64 bit memory interfacing and dynamic RAMs
hours)

(6

CHAPTER 5: I/O INTERFACE : I/O Port address decoding, Programmable peripheral

interface, keyboard/display interface, programmable interrupt timer, programmable communication
interface, interfacing ADC and DAC
(6 hours)

CHAPTER 6: INTERRUPT STRUCTURE OF 8051

MICROCONTROLLER: Basic interrupt processing, Hardware interrupts, expanding interrupt
structures, programmable interrupt controller, real time clock.

(5 hours)

CHAPTER 7: DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS and DMA CONTROL I/O: DMA

operation, DMA controller, shared bus operation, Disk memory systems, Video display
hours)

(5

CHAPTER 8: APPLICATIONS OF 8051: Temperature sensors, Stepper motor and data

acquisition system

(2 hours)

REFERENCES:
1. Brey B. B. : The intel Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Interfacing, 4e PHI
2. Ayala K.J. : The 8051 mirocontroller, 2e, Penram international
3. Gaonker: Microprocessor Architecture and Programming
4. Myke Predko: Programming and customizing the 8051 microcontroller, TMH, 2001

EC603: MICROWAVE AND RADAR

PART A
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Frequencies and application, High frequency, limitation of conventional tubes (qualitative only), Klystron
amplifier (two cavity), reflex klystron oscillator power output, efficiency, TWT, BWO, cavity magnetronconstruction, principle of operation, performance characteristics and application. (6 hrs)

CHAPTER 2: Solid state microwave devices:(Qualitative discussion only) tunnel, PIN, varactor,
Schottky barrier, read, Gunn, TRAPATT, IMPATT, Barritt construction and operation Parametric
amplifier using Varactor, Manley-Rowe relations MOSFET, HEMT, oscillator using tunnel and Gunn
diodes, PIN switch and modulator.
(8 hrs)

CHAPTER 3: Microwave passive components:

S-plane-plane, magic Tee and directional couplers, construction, operation, scattering matrix
representation, Capacitive, inductive and E-Bends, Transitions and Twists in wave
, posts,
Tuning screws, coupling probes and loops, slotted line, Attenuators-fixed and movable vane &
rotor phase shifter.
(6 hrs)
CHAPTER 4: Antenna Basics:
Basic antenna parameters, Patterns, beam array radiation intensity, Beam efficiency. Directivity
and Gain, Antenna aperture effective height, Radio communication link, fields,
oscillating
dipole, Antenna field zones, shape-impedances considerations.
(6 hrs)

PART B
CHAPTER 5: Point source and Antenna arrays:
Introduction, Power pattern theory and application, Radiation intensity, power patterns,
patterns, phase patterns of two isotropic point sources, Non-isotropic similar point sources,
pattern multiplication, pattern synthesis, Non-isotropic dissimilar point sources, array of nisotropic sources of equal amplitude a spacing , null directions, array of two driven elements
(broadside cast end-fire case and general case with equal currents
phase)
CHAPTER 6: Loop antenna, helical antenna and Yagi-Uda array:
Loop antenna (general case), field comparison of short dipole and small loop, field pattern,
radiation resistance, directivity, radiation efficiency, Q, bandwidth and SNR. Helical antenna,
Helical geometry, Design considerations of monofilar axial-mode helical antenna, dipole arrays
with parasitic elements, the Yagi-Uda array, Axial-Mode pattern and phase velocity of
propagation on monofilar Helices, Axial mode patterns, Axial
and conditions for circular

polarization of monfilar axial mode helical antenna and

axial-Mode helical antenna

band characteristics of Monofilar

(3 hrs)

CHAPTER 7: introduction to radar and Radar range equation:

Radar block diagram, Radar frequencies, application of radar, Derivation, prediction, minimum
detectable signal, receiver noise, radar cross- section of target, range ambiguities, CW and
frequency modulated radar: Doppler effect, CW radar, FM-CW radar, airborne Doppler
navigation, multiple frequency CW radar.
(5 hrs)
CHAPTER 8: MTI and Pulse Doppler radar:
Block diagram, multiple or staggered pulse repetition frequencies, pulse Doppler radar, tracking
radar: Tracking with radar, Sequential lobbing, conical scan, monopulse tracking radar, tracking
in range, acquisition.
(4 hrs)
CHAPTER 9: Radar transmitters and receivers:
Block diagram description, duplexers, noise figure, low noise font end, mixers, displays- PPI and
A-scope, Randomes.
(3 hrs)

REFERENCES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Samuel Y. Liao : Microwave devices circuits

Skolnik : introduction to radar systems : Tata McGraw-Hill
Kennedy : Electronics communication systems, TMH
F.E.TERMAN : Electronics and radar Engg., MEG
M.KULKARNI : Microwave and radar, Umesh publication
Mrs. Chatterjee : Microwave Engg (AEWP)
John D Kraus : Antennas, McGraw- Hill, 2nd Edition, 1988

EC-604 INFORMATION THEORY AND CODING

PART-A
CHAPTER 1: Discrete sources entropy, Conditions for maximum value, Definitions, Markov
sources, problems.

(7 hrs)

CHAPTER 2: Source coding Properties of codes, Shannon, Shannon-Fano, Huffman binary coding
and efficiency calculation, non-binary coding Huffman ternary and quaternary coding. Efficiency
calculations.
(7 hrs)

CHAPTER 3: Discrete Channels joint and conditional entropies, mutual information, capacities
and extension of channels.

(6 hrs)

CHAPTER 4: Continuous sources and Channels: Maximum entropy, Shannon - Hartley Law and
its Implications, problems

(4 hrs)

PART-B
CHAPTER 4: Error control coding Block codes, minimum distance considerations, standard array
and syndrome decoding. Block diagram for encodes and decodes

(8 hrs)

CHAPTER 5: Binary cyclic codes Generate polynomial systematic cyclic codes, circuit or block
diagram for encodes and syndrome calculation BCH, R-S and Goolay codes

(8 hrs)

CHAPTER 6: Convolutional Codes Block diagram, Encoding using time domain and transform
domain approach, state diagram approach, code tree

Text and reference books

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Digital communication - by Simon Haykin

Analog and digital communication by Sham Shanmugam
Information theory and coding - by P. S. Sathyanarayan
Principles of digital communication by Das, Mallic and Chatterjee
Error control coding Shu-lin, Castello

(8 hrs)

EC 605: VLSI DESIGN

PART A
CHAPTER 1: VLSI Basics: Evolution of Microelectronics, Moores law, Introduction to VLSI
design, the design flow, Design philosophies full-custom and semi-custom design, silicon compiler,
trends In VLSI
(4 hours)

CHAPTER 2: Processing of MOS Devices: Brief overview of oxidation, diffusion, Ionimplantation, sputtering, chemical vapour deposition and etching, NMOS self aligned process, CMOS
n- well, p- well and twin tub processes. Channel stop implantation, LOCOS and STI isolations to be
discussed. Layout details and examples
(6 hours)

CHAPTER 3: MOS Devices: Depletion and enhancement type transistors. Construction and working.
Transfer and output characteristics, Drain current equation, Expressions for gm, o, Cg, Cox, current gain
factor etc.,
(4 hours)

CHAPTER 4: MOS circuits and building blocks: Different Inverter configurations, CMOS and
BiCMOS inverters, characteristics, Power dissipation, Noise margin, Switch logic and restoring logic.
Implementation of building blocks such as logic gates, transmission gates, MUXs Latches and registers,
multivalued logic. Analog building blocks: current mirrors, differential amplifier, op-amps, CMOS
memory and filters
(10 hours)

PART B
CHAPTER 5: Delay calculations: Definitions

of sheet resistance, standard unit of capacitance

and delay, and their calculations. Inverter pair delay, Design of I/Os, design of tapered buffers.
(3 hours)

CHAPTER 6: Scaling: Different scaling models, merits of scaling, Limitations

design rules.

of scaling, Based
(4 hours)

CHAPTER 7: VLSI testing:

Testing philosophy, VLSI testing process and test equipment, fault modeling, testing combinational and
sequential logic. Design for testability (DFT). Scan design techniques. BIST.
(7 hours)

CHAPTER 8: Programmable Devices:

ROMs, PALs, PLAs, PLDs & FPGAs. Types of FPGAs. Xilinx and Altera series of ICs. Two typical ICs
from each vendor, Architecture and details, Design examples.
(10 hours)

REFERENCES:

1. Weste and Eshraghian: Principles of CMOS VLSI Design: A Systems Perspective, Pearson
Education.
2. J.M. Rabaey, A. Chandrakasan, B. Nikolic: Digital Integrated circuits: A Design Perspective,
Pearson Education
3. Kang and Leblebici: CMOS Digital Integrated circuits, Tata McGraw-Hill Edition.
4. Baker, Li and Boyce: CMOS Circuit Design, Layout and simulation, PHI EEE.

EC606: COMPUTER ORGANIZATION & ARCHITECTURE

PART A
CHAPTER 1: Machines, Machine languages, and digital Logic: Classification of computers and
their instruction, computer instruction sets. Informal description of the simple RISC computers, Formal
description of RISC using register transfer notation, RTN. Describing address notation with RTN.
Register transfer and logic circuits from behavior to hardware.
(7 hrs)

CHAPTER 2: Real Machines: Machines characteristics and performance .Machine performance.

RISC versus CISC .A CISC microprocessor .The Motorola 68000 .RISC architecture, the SPARC. (6
hrs)

CHAPTER 3: Processor Design: The design process, a 1-bus micro-architecture for the SRC .Data
path implementation, Logic design for 1-bus SRC. The control unit 2 and 3-bus processor designs. The
machine reset. Machine exceptions.
(7 hrs)

CHAPTER 4: Processor Design: Advanced topics: Pipelining, Instruction-level parallelism

Microprogramming

(4 hrs)

PART B
CHAPTER 5: Computer arithmetic and the arithmetic unit: Number system and radix
conversion, Fixed point arithmetic, Semi-numeric aspects of ALU design. Floating point arithmetic.
hrs)

(4

CHAPTER 6: Memory system design: Introduction,

the components of the memory system.

RAM structures, the designers perspective. Memory boards and modules. Two level memory Hierarchy.
The cache, virtual memory. The memory subsystems in the computer.
(7 hrs)

CHAPTER 7: Input and Outputs: The I/O subsystem. Programmed I/O interrupts. Direct memory
Access (DMA). I/O data format change and error control.

(6 hrs)

CHAPTER 8: Peripheral Devices: Magnetics Disk Drives, Display Devices, Printers, Input Devices.
Interfacing to the analog world.

(7 hrs)

REFERENCES
1. Hayes Computer architecture and organization: McGraw-Hill.
2. Hooy.F.Jordan: Computer system design and architecture. Edition Wesly
3. Stallings: Computer organization and architecture designing for performance: PHI

EC-607 Analog Communication and Microwave Lab

I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Analog communication experiments:

Design and testing of Butterworth second order active filters LPF, HPF, BPF, BEF
Constant K, T and type filters LPF,HPF, BPF, BEF
AM generation and detection
FM generation and detection
DSBSC/SSB generation and detection

II.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Microwave Experiments:
Mode curves of Microwave sources (Gunn/Klystron)
Measurement of Frequency and VSWR
Measurement of unknown impedance (use slotted lines and Smith chart)
Experiments on directional couplers
Experiments on magic Tee.
Measurements of Antenna parameters (may be of Hon antenna)

III.

Study of Radio Receiver and Transmitter Characteristics.

EC-608: DSP LAB

1. Getting started with MATLAB.
2. Discrete time signals and systems.
Find Impulse response, step response, Ramp response of a given system.
3. Time and Frequency domain responses
a. Linear convolution.
b. Circular convolution.
c. Verification of Linear convolution using DFT.
d. Finding DFT and FFT algorithms.
e. Finding the inverse FFT.
4. Z-Transform
a. Finding solution to LCCDE
b. Partial fraction expansion of Z- Transform.
5. Digital filter design
a. IIR Digital filter design using Impulse Invariant Method(both Butterworth and
Chebyshev filters)
b. IIR Digital filter design using Bi-Linear Transformation(both Butterworth and
Chebyshev filters)
c. FIR Digital filter design by Windows.
6. Simulink and DSO block set,
7. DSP hardware experiments using DSP starter Kits.
a. Addition
b. Subtraction
c. Multiplication
d. Division
e. Factorial
f. Generation of Different waveforms
g. Generation of Echo.

EQUIVALENT SUBJECTS:
The following equivalent subjects have been suggested in the BOS meeting for the students
failed in the 97-98 onwards batch.
1. IV SEM.FIELDS AND WAVES ..iii SEM ----Fields waves of 2K1
2. VI SEM Introduction to DSP.VI SEM---DSP of 2K1
But no equivalent subjects were suggested for the failed students of 2K1 scheme as the
scheme is not yet wound up. Equivalent subjects should suggested only after the course is wound
up. So it was suggested grant carry over for the present 2K1 scheme. Students who are in V
semester will be highly benefited on one side and the examination system will be simplified on
the other hand.
Now the university has already granted carry over for the V semester students to
carry ahead the bridge mathematics subjects. This facility should have been extended to all
the subjects. I have the example of a student having failed in the subject signals and
Systems of III SEM. He does not have the backlog of more than $ subjects in V and VI
SEM put together. But for this III SEM subject, he should have been in VII semester. This
is a clear discrimination and we strongly urge the authorities to implement carry over for
the 2K1 scheme of students uniformly for all the subjects whether it is bridge mathematics
or some other subject in the best interest of the students.