ANSWERS TO Q6

(b)

-CH3 is an electron donating group. It increases the electron density on N atom.

Hence, lone pair of electrons on N has higher tendency to form a dative bond with
H+.
-OH is an electron withdrawing group. It decreases the electron density on N atom.
Hence, lone pair of electrons on N has lower tendency to accept a H +.
As for C6H5NH2, lone pair of electrons on N is delocalized into the benzene ring and
hence least available to accept H+.
Hence, strength of base of CH3NH2 > NH2OH > C6H5NH2

(c)(i)
Enthalpy /
kJ mol-1

4 N2 (g) + 8 H2 (g) + 8 O2 (g)

4 x -367
3(+85) + 7(-286) + 2(-124)
4 NH3OHNO3 (s)
H
3 N2O (g) + 7H2O (l) + 2HNO3 (l)

(ii)

H<0, S<0 hence TS > 0

Hence, at high temperature, TS > H (or TS becomes more positive) and
G becomes more positive
Reaction becomes less spontaneous.

Looh_kok_kheong\Answers to Rev Ex 6_AJC

(d)(i) Cl2 + 2Br- 2Cl- + Br2

Cl2, being more reactive than Br2 (or being a stronger oxidizing agent than Br 2), is
able to displace Br2 from Br(ii)

Br- + H2SO4 HSO4- + HBr

H2SO4 displaces HBr from Br2HBr + H2SO4 Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O
H2SO4 oxidises HBr to Br2 and itself is reduced to SO2.

(iii)

Cr2O72- + 6Br- + 14H+ 2Cr3+ + 3Br2 + 7H2O

Cr2O72- oxidizes Br- to Br2 and itself is reduced to Cr3+.

Looh_kok_kheong\Answers to Rev Ex 6_AJC