COLUMN SHOES

HPKM, PPKM, PEC

Version 9/2007 (Update 7/2009)

Replaces brochure 11/2006

HPKM, PPKM, PEC -column shoes

Benefits of Peikko -column joints

Saves time, costs and materials
Easy and fast adjustments of straightness and height of the column without
packing
No need for extensive reinforcement or mould building
Doesnt need support during installation
The joint is stiff immediately after installation
The foundation level can be higher compared to socket joint
Bolt connection doesnt require in-situ welding
Peikko benefits

reliable: passed demanding test

program

competitive price and delivery

time

economical and easy to use in

designing, manufacturing and
installation of the elements

CONTENTS

Version 9/2007 (Update 7/2009)

1. DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM .......................4

2. DIMENSIONS AND MATERIALS ......................5
3. MANUFACTURING ..........................................6
3.1 Manufacturing method

3.2 Quality control

4. CAPACITIES ....................................................6
5. APPLICATION ..................................................7
5.1 Limitations for application

5.2 Design principles

5.2.1 The concrete cover thickness

5.2.2 Columns reinforcement
5.2.3 Joining to foundations and column to column connections

7
7
14

5.3 Minimum column sizes using standard column shoes

14

5.4 Floor height columns

15

5.5 Special column shoes

15

5.5.1 Column shoes on an integrated steel plate

15

6. INSTALLATION ..............................................16
6.1 Installation tolerances

16

6.2 Installation to the mould

16

6.3 Installation of the column shoes

17

7. USING PEIKCOL -SOFTWARE TO

CALCULATE THE CAPACITY OF THE
COLUMN CONNECTION ................................18
7.1 Using the software

18

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COLUMN SHOES
1. DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM
Peikko HPKM, PPKM and PEC column shoes are
fastening items which allow moment stiff extensions and connections between prefabricated columns and for example foundations.
All the forces on the column are transferred with
column shoes and bolts to the bearing structure, for
example to the foundation.
A prefabricated column is xed to anchor bolts
which are cast into the base of the structure. Fixing
is achieved with nuts and washers attached to the
anchor bolts. It is also possible to set the column

at the correct height level and vertical position. The

joint between column base and structure below
should be grouted as soon as possible after installation. After that the connection parts and grouting
will work as reinforced concrete structure.
The number of column shoes in the column depends on the dimensions of the column, forces on
the column, concrete grade and type of column
shoe used. Usually four column shoes are enough
to create a moment stiff connection.

Figure 1. Column shoes and anchoring bolts in column connection.

Version 9/2007 (Update 7/2009)

2. DIMENSIONS AND MATERIALS

Materials and standards:
Plates

S355J2+N

SFS-EN 10025

Ribbed bars

A500HW
B500B

SFS 1215
prEN 10080-1:1999

Table 1. Dimensions [mm] and weights [kg] of the HPKM column shoes.

H
40-46

HPKM
16

HPKM
20

HPKM
24

HPKM
30

HPKM
39

tolerances

85

95

105

120

150

+3, -0

75

80

85

90

110

+2, -0

50

50

50

50

60

740

835

1040

1310

1775

10

15

20

30

45

50

28

31

35

40

55

30

30

30

30

37

weight

2.1

3.5

6.1

12.3

23.3

colour

yellow

blue

grey

green

orange

+2, -0

E
C

Table 2. Dimensions [mm] and weights [kg] of the PPKM column shoes.

H
45

PPKM
36

PPKM
39

PPKM
45

PPKM
52

tolerances

130

130

130

150

+3, -0

105

115

123

131

+2, -0

50

60

60

60

1890

2020

2230

2560

10

40

40

50

60

50

55

60

70

weight

37.8

45.6

61.2

95.2

colour

red

brown

violet

white

+2, -0

t
E

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COLUMN SHOES

Table 3. Dimensions [mm] and weights [kg] of the PEC column shoes.

PEC
30

PEC
36

tolerances

108

130

170

+3, -0

90

105

115

+2, -0

50

50

60*

1138

1430

1855

10

30

45

50

35

45

55

30

30

37

weight

9.7

19.1

30.2

color

light blue

black

red

+2, -0

45-47

PEC
24

* Note! Distance from edge differs from PPKM 36.

3. MANUFACTURING

Table 4. Capacities of the column shoes [kN]. The capacity of the joint is according to the lower structural class.

3.1 Manufacturing method

RL 1

Plates
Ribbed bars
Welding

Flame and mechanical cutting

Mechanical cutting
MAG by hand or with a robot

Welding class

C (SFS-EN 25817)

RL 2

3.2 Quality control

The quality control involved in producing the steel
parts conforms to the requirements set by the Finnish Building Codes. Peikko Finland Oy is under the
Inspecta Certication for quality control. Column
shoes have certied product declarations conrmed
by the Concrete Association of Finland.
Products are marked with the mark of Inspecta, the
emblem of Peikko Group, the type of the product
and year and a week of manufacturing.

4. CAPACITIES
The capacities in table 4 are according to the Finnish
Building Codes. If you require capacities according
to other regulations, please contact Peikkos technical support.

The capacities of the joints are related to the bolt

used. The capacities of the column shoes can be
measured with PeikCol dimensioning program.

column
shoe

bolt

HPKM 16

concrete grade

ETA

K40-1

K40-2

HPM 16

71.3

65.4

61.7

HPKM 20

HPM 20

111.3

102.0

96.3

HPKM 24

HPM 24

160.4

147.0

138.7

HPKM 30

HPM 30

255.0

233.7

220.4

HPKM 39

HPM 39

443.6

406.6

383.4

PPKM 36

PPM 36

519.9

476.6

435.7

PPKM 39

PPM 39

621.1

569.3

520.5

PPKM 45

PPM 45

831.1

761.8

696.5

PPKM 52

PPM 52

1118.7

1025.5

937.6

PEC 24

PPM 22

212.1

194.4

161.6

PEC 30

PPM 27

321.3

294.5

244.8

PEC 36

PPM 36

519.9

476.6

435.7

PKKM 36

PPM 36

519.9

476.6

435.7

PKKM 45

PPM 45

831.1

761.8

696.5

PKKM 52

PPM 52

1118.7

1025.5

937.6

Version 9/2007 (Update 7/2009)

5. APPLICATION

5.2.2 Columns reinforcement

5.1 Limitations for

application

The space required by casting boxes has to be taken

into account when designing the length of columns
reinforcement.

The capacities of the column shoes have been calculated for static loads. In the case of dynamic and
fatigue loads, greater safety factors have to be used
individually for each case. If the application conditions are below 20 C, it is necessary to consider
using plates with better cold impact resistance.

The lower end of the column above the casting

boxes is reinforced as shown in chapters 5.2.2.1
- 5.2.2.3. EC 2 requires separate stirrups for the
splice area of the main bars.

5.2 Design principles

The joint durability during the erection should be
checked. It can be checked with PeikCol dimensioning program.
The position of the column shoes and the thickness
of grouting concrete dene the height level of the
bolt from the surface of the concrete.
For columns which are installed only on bolts, the
bolts should be calculated for the bending and buckling caused by wind load and dead load. If the size
of the bolt is not sufcient, bigger column shoes
and bolts must be used.
The grouting of the joints should be done as soon as
possible after erecting the prefabricated columns.

5.2.1 The concrete cover thickness

The re-resistance period and environment class,
in which the column shoe is situated, denes
the concrete cover thickness according to local
regulations.
The concrete cover thickness is 40 - 46 mm in HPKM
column shoes, 45 mm in PPKM column shoes and
45 - 47 mm in PEC column shoes when the column
shoes are located at the corners of the column. A
greater concrete cover thickness can be achieved
by moving the column shoe closer towards the centre of the column. Location of the foundation bolts
have to be presented in the foundation drawing.

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COLUMN SHOES
5.2.2.1 Details for additional reinforcement with HPKM column shoes
HPKM 30 shown in the pictures.

lb

lb

We recommend that reinforcement

for splices is done according to EC 2
(9.5.3 and 8.7.4.1)

3
Main bars
(according to plans)

Version 9/2007 (Update 7/2009)

lb

4
3

Main bars
(according to plans)

Table 5. The required stirrups

for HPKM 16 - 39 column shoes and the minimum length of lb (U-stirrups bar above column shoes side plate).

HPKM 16

HPKM 20

HPKM 24

HPKM 30

HPKM 39

4 T6

4 T6

4 T6

4 T6

4 T8

U-stirrups for
middle shoes
/ pair

2 T6

2 T6

2 T6

2 T6

2 T8

stirrups

2 T8

2 T8

2+1 T8

2+1 T8

2+1 T10

145

170

205

245

305

40

40

40

2 T8

2 T8

2+1 T8

2+1 T8

2+1 T10

300

300

300

300

500

middle
stirrups
lb

U-stirrups

T = A500HW (or corresponding)

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COLUMN SHOES
5.2.2.2 Details for additional reinforcement with PPKM column shoes
PPKM 39 shown in the pictures.

lb

lb

We recommend that reinforcement

for splices is done according to EC 2
(9.5.3 and 8.7.4.1)

1
Main bars
(according to plans)

3
1

10

3
1

lb

Version 9/2007 (Update 7/2009)

3
Main bars
(according to plans)

Table 6. The required stirrups

for PPKM 36 - 52 column shoes and the minimum length of lb (U-stirrups bar above column shoes side plate).

PPKM 36

PPKM 39

PPKM 45

PPKM 52

U-stirrups

4 T8

4 T8

4 T8

4 T8

U-stirrups for
middle shoes
/ pair

2 T8

2 T8

2 T8

2 T8

stirrups

2+1 T10

2+2 T10

2+2+1 T10

2+2+1 T12

250

270

300

330

b*

40

45

45

50

40

45

2+1 T10

2+2 T10

2+2+1 T10

2+2+1 T12

500 mm

500 mm

500 mm

500 mm

middle
stirrups
lb

T = A500HW (or corresponding)

b c

*Measure b is to the middle of reinforcement bundle or single bar

11

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COLUMN SHOES
5.2.2.3 Details for additional reinforcement with PEC column shoes
PEC 36 shown in the pictures.

lb

lb

We recommend that reinforcement

for splices is done according to EC 2
(9.5.3 and 8.7.4.1)

1
Main bars
(according to plans)

12

lb

Version 9/2007 (Update 7/2009)

Main bars
(according to plans)

Table 7. The required stirrups

for PEC 24 - 36 column shoes and the minimum length of lb (U-stirrups bar above column shoes side plate).

PEC 24

PEC 30

PEC 36

4 T6

4 T6

4 T8

U-stirrups for
middle shoes
/ pair

2 T6

2 T6

2 T8

stirrups

2+1 T8

2+2 T8

2+1 T10

225

280

330

b*

40

40

40

2+1 T8

2+2 T8

2+1 T10

300 mm

300 mm

500 mm

U-stirrups

middle
stirrups
lb

T = A500HW (or corresponding)

*Measure b is to the middle of reinforcement bundle or single bar

13

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COLUMN SHOES
5.2.3 Joining to foundations and column to column connections
Table 8. The expansion of the min [mm] and splitting stirrups.
concrete
grade
(column)

concrete
grade
(foundation)

the bolts of
the tension
side yield

cross section
compressed

diametric
reinforcement
(A500HW or
corresponding)
Ash > A [mm2]

K40-1

K30-2

0,13 x H

0,24 x H

A = B x H / 430

K50-1

K30-2

0,26 x H

0,43 x H

A = B x H / 240

K60-1

K30-2

0,38 x H

0,61 x H

A = B x H / 170

K60-1

K40-2

0,20 x H

0,33 x H

A = B x H / 278

K80-1

K40-2

0,38 x H

0,61 x H

A = B x H / 153

Ash

Ash
H

The concrete strength of the lower column, in the column to column connection should be at least the same
as the concrete strength of the upper column.

5.3 Minimum column sizes using standard column shoes

Table 9. Standard column shoes in the rectangular column [mm].

HPKM
b
A1

PPKM

PEC

16

20

24

30

39

36

39

45

52

24

30

36

A1

112

117

132

149

187

184

188

238

288

140

173

194

bmin

235

245

270

300

380

380

380

480

580

280

346

388

A1
b

Table 10. Standard column shoes in the circular column [mm].

c

HPKM

A2

c/

c/c =

d - 2E
2

PPKM

PEC

16

20

24

30

39

36

39

45

52

24

30

36

A2

136

143

164

187

235

234

235

306

374

175

220

245

dmin

280

300

335

380

480

480

480

630

770

350

440

490

(E from tables 1, 2 and 3)

If column shoes must be placed in the smaller column, please contact Peikkos technical support.

14

The centre distances of the anchor bolts for the full capacity are found from Peikko PPM and HPM anchor
bolts manual.

Version 9/2007 (Update 7/2009)

5.4 Floor height columns

By using HPKM 16 - 39 column shoes with column
height HPM bolts the splices needed for the column can be reduced. The bolts also act as the main
reinforcement of the column. This way the needed
reinforcement materials can be greatly reduced.

5.5.1 Column shoes on an integrated steel plate

Integrated steel plate is used if the column shoes
are too big for the columns section or the plate is
used as a mould. The plate can be made the same
size as the columns intersection or just part of it.

The bolts are manufactured to the required length.

Figure 3. Column shoes on an integrated steel plate.
Figure 2. Rectangular and circular column with floor
height reinforcement.

5.5 Special column shoes

Special column shoes might be needed for example in circular columns or on the side of the column
as middle shoes. Column shoes can also be made
with a integrated steel plate.

15

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COLUMN SHOES
6. INSTALLATION
6.1 Installation tolerances
Tolerances on the horizontal plane

2 mm

6.2 Installation to the

mould
The column shoes are placed into the reinforcement
and xed by their bottom plates to the moulds end
plate with bolts. There are separate casting boxes
available for the types HPKM 16 - 39 that also enable the shoes to be fastened to the end plate of the
mould with provided bolts. These parts are painted
by the same colour as corresponding column shoes
so that they can be matched easily.
The bolt M16, which always comes with a spacer
equal to the size of the column shoes bolt hole, is
used for attachment. With the help of the spacer,
the shoe can be xed to the correct place in the
end plate.
A check list before casting
The right type of column shoe is being used
column shoes are attached in the right position
anchor bars of the column shoe are banded
into the main reinforcement
casting boxes are in place and lled if
necessary
A check list after casting
no changes has occurred in shoe position
shoe has not rotated
possible joint casting tubes are not lled with
concrete
casting boxes and excess concrete has been
removed

16

Figure 4. Separate casting box for the column shoe.

Version 9/2007 (Update 7/2009)

6.3 Installation of the

column shoes

Table 13. Installation tolerances and the anchoring bolts

height level from the surface of concrete when HPKM,
PPKM and PEC column shoes are used.

The column is installed at the proper level either

by placing it directly on the bolts or by using steel
plates under the column. After the bolts have been
tightened, for example with ring spanner, the crane
can be detached from the column. The installation
must be done according to the erection plan.

installation tolerance T

installation tolerance T

Installation instructions can be found also in Peikko

PPM and HPM anchor bolts manual.
After the column is installed at right height and position, and the nuts are tightened, the joint can be
casted by following instructions from concrete provider. The concrete must be non-shrinking type and
match plans. The grouting mortar strength must be
at least 70% of the needed concrete grade of the
column.

Figure 5. The joint can

be grouted for example with pressure vessel.

location tolerance
of bolt group
10 mm

grouting

bolts
height
from the
casting
surface

installation
tolerance
for the bolt
T

HPM
16

50

105

HPKM
20

HPM
20

50

115

HPKM
24

HPM
24

50

130

HPKM
30

HPM
30

50

150

HPKM
39

HPM
39

60

180

PPKM
36

PPM
36

55

170

PPKM
39

PPM
39

60

180

PPKM
45

PPM
45

65

195

PPKM
52

PPM
52

70

225

PEC
24

PPM
22

50

130

PEC
30

PPM
27

50

160

PEC
36

PPM
36

55

180

column
shoe

connecting
bolt

HPKM
16

17

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COLUMN SHOES
7. USING PEIKCOL -SOFTWARE TO
CALCULATE THE CAPACITY OF THE COLUMN
CONNECTION
With PeikCol dimensioning software the capacity of
column connection can be easily and quickly calculated and veried.
The software can be freely downloaded from Peikkos website www.peikko.com.

7.1 Using the software

1.

2.
3.
4.
5.

First, determine the design values of forces in

the column joint at the joint level.
Nd = design value of normal force [kN]
Md = design value of bending moment [kNm]
The additional bending moment caused by
eccentrical normal force must be added to the
design value of bending moment.
Choose used materials.
Choose the shape of cross section and input
the dimensions.
Choose desired column shoe type.
Input the design forces of the joint. Also 2-axis
bending moment can be checked. Normal

Figure 6. PeikCol -dimensioning software.

18

force is given as positive value when there is

compression in the joint.
6. Calculate the capacity of the joint by clicking
the calculator -icon.
7. Compare the given reference point (Nd, Md)
with the Pi-capacity curve of the bolts. If the
reference point remains inside of the capacity curve, the chosen joint connection is
acceptable.
8. The capacity of the joint during erection situation can be veried the following way: Choose
Erection situation.. from Dimensioning pulldown menu. Choose Fixed for the buckling
length of the bolt. Calculate and input the design values of forces for installation situation.
Click the Calc -button, and the software will
calculate the utilization rate. If the rate remains
under 100%, the chosen column shoes are
acceptable.
More information about the PeikCol from Peikkos
technical support.

Peikko Group www.peikko.com