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Twall = 80o C
Twall = 50o C
DT
(1)
=0
Dt
DT
(2)
0
Dt
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Twall = 80o C
Twall = 50o C
Twall = 50o C
Twall = 80o C
Twall = 80o C
(A)
(B)
(3)
(4)
DT
Dt
DT
Dt
DT
Dt
DT
Dt
= 0 and
A
0 and
A
= 0 and
A
0 and
A
DT
Dt
DT
Dt
DT
Dt
DT
Dt
0
B
=0
B
=0
B
0
B
darmofal:
darmofal:
44
r
DV
(1)
=0
Dt
r
DV
(2)
0
Dt
darmofal:
darmofal:
33
r
DV
(1)
=0
Dtr
DV
(2)
0
Dt
(3) Not enough information
darmofal:
darmofal:
22
(a)
(b)
Only (a)
Only (b)
Both (a) & (b)
Neither
Not enough information
darmofal:
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55
(a)
t=dt
(b)
t=0
t=dt
t=0
Only (a)
Only (b)
Both (a) & (b)
Neither
Not enough information
darmofal:
darmofal:
11
darmofal:
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22
u = u wall
u wall
y
h
Couette Flow
v=0
x
Viscous force acting on
the lower wall is:
(+0) = in +x direction
(+0) = in +x direction
(+1) = in -x direction
(+2) = in -x direction
Choose one from each column and enter your total (0-3)
OR
Enter (4) for none of these combinations are correct
darmofal:
darmofal:
22
u = u( y)
v=0
[ (h) + ( h )] L
[ (h) ( h )] L
[ (h) + ( h )] L
[ (h) ( h )] L
yx
yx
yx
yx
yx
yx
yx
yx
darmofal:
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y 2
u = u0 1
h
v=0
Acceleration of fluid
element
Poiseuille flow
(+0) = zero
(+0) = zero
(+0) = zero
(+1) = In x direction
(+2) = In x direction
(+4) = In x direction
Choose one from each column and enter your total (0-7)
OR
Enter (8) for none of these combinations are correct
darmofal:
darmofal:
00
u = u wall
y
h
Couette Flow
v=0
Acceleration of fluid
element
(+0) = zero
(+0) = zero
(+0) = zero
(+1) = In x direction
(+2) = In x direction
(+4) = In x direction
Choose one from each column and enter your total (0-7)
OR
Enter (8) for none of these combinations are correct
r
wate
darmofal:
darmofal:
11
strea
m
Curved surface
R = 2 kg/ft 3
Vol
S L = 1 ft 2
1
ft/sec
2
S R = 1 ft 2
uR =
d
(1)
dV
=
0
dt Vol
d
(2)
dV
dt Vol
darmofal:
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R = 2 kg/ft 3
Vol
1
ft/sec
2
S R = 1 ft 2
uR =
d
(1)
u
dV
=
0
dt Vol
d
(2)
u
dV
dt Vol
(3) Not enough information
darmofal:
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33
darmofal:
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11
Fy
U0
V=0
Fx
U1
V=0
darmofal:
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Fy>Wtunnel
(airfoil fixed to a force balance, not the tunnel)
Fy>0
g
Wtunnel
U0
U1
V=0
V=0
Not fixed
Not fixed
darmofal:
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A
B
r
Note : = V
r
(1) r > r
A
B
r
r
(2) A < B
r
r
(3) =
A
B
(4) Not enough info
Compressible
Navier-Stokes
Thin viscous
layers
Incompressible
Euler
Equations
ib
le
Irrotational
Potential
Orange =
nonlinear
Small
perturbations
Compressible
Euler
Equations
Irrotational
ib
le
Inviscid
pr
es
s
Thin
viscous
layers
In
co
m
Incompressible
Boundary Layer
Equations
Incompressible
Navier-Stokes
Full Potential
pr
es
s
Incompressible
Incompressible
In
co
m
Compressible
Boundary Layer
Equations
Inviscid
Small
perturbations
ible
s
s
e
mpr
1 .2 < M < 3
o
c
n
I
M < 0 .8 0 .8 < M < 1 .2
Incompressible
Subsonic
Transonic
Small
Small
Small
Disturbance
Disturbance Disturbance
Supersonic
Small
Disturbance
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darmofal:
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v
v v
v 3 = v1 + v 2
p 3 = p1 + p 2
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33
l
cylinder
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
darmofal:
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darmofal:
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11
Consider two airfoils that have the same design lift coefficient:
one a standard cambered airfoil, the other a reflexed airfoil.
Which of the airfoils will generally have the lowest surface
pressure (i.e. most negative Cp):
(1) Airfoil without reflex
(2) Airfoil with reflex
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cl
Two of the three lines are from thin airfoil theory, one line is not:
1) The black line is not thin airfoil theory
2) The blue line is not thin airfoil theory
3) The red line is not thin airfoil theory
4) Not enough information
darmofal:
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darmofal:
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flap <
(2)
flap
(3)
flap >
flap
darmofal:
darmofal:
22
(+0) : M ac < 0
(+2) : M ac > 0
Choose one from each column and enter your total (0-3)
OR
Enter (4) if there is not enough information
darmofal:
darmofal:
66
darmofal:
darmofal:
33
The following results are from a lifting line analysis of three wings all with
the same cambered airfoil. Which wing is the solid line:
1) 2-D airfoil
2) Elliptic planform, no geometric twist, AR=5
3) Elliptic planform, no geometric twist, AR=10
4) None of the above
darmofal:
darmofal:
11
The following results are from a lifting line analysis of three wings all with
the same airfoil and no geometric twist. Which wing is the dash-dot line:
1. Elliptic planform, AR=10
2. Rectangular planform, AR=10
3. Rectangular planform, AR=20
4. None of the above
darmofal:
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11
The following results are from a lifting line analysis of three wings all
with the same airfoil and AR=10. Which wing is the dash-dot line:
1. Elliptic planform, no geometric twist.
2. Rectangular planform, no geometric twist
3. Rectangular planform, with geometric twist
4. None of the above
darmofal:
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darmofal:
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darmofal:
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darmofal:
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22
1
V
2 c
darmofal:
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log cd
1
2
log Re
darmofal:
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33
U
B
darmofal:
darmofal:
When
Whenonly
onlylaminar
laminarflow
flowisisconsidered,
considered,then
then22isisthe
thecorrect
correct
answer.
However,
if
the
possibility
of
transition
and
answer. However, if the possibility of transition and
turbulence
turbulenceisisincluded,
included,than
than44isiscorrect.
correct.
Consider the flow over two thin, uncambered airfoils. The only
difference between the airfoils is that the chord of Airfoil A is
twice the chord of Airfoil B. Assume the boundary layers on
these airfoil are laminar. Which is most likely true for the
thickness of the boundary layer at the trailing edge of these
airfoils when they are in the same air stream.
(1) A 2 B
Airfoil A
(2) 1.4
A
B
(3)
A
B
1
(4) A
B
1.4
1
(5) A B
2
Airfoil B
darmofal:
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u ( x1 , y )
x1
x2
(1) c f ( x2 ) < 0
(2) c f ( x2 ) > 0
(3) Not enough info
darmofal:
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u ( x1 , y )
x1
fluid element
darmofal:
darmofal:
22
u ( x1 , y )
x1
fluid element
darmofal:
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33
u ( x1 , y )
x1
fluid element
darmofal:
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22
Airfoil A
Airfoil B
darmofal:
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darmofal:
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pedge
pwall
darmofal:
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darmofal:
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cf
x/c
1
Which is true:
(1) The red curve is for V= V
(2) The red curve is for V= 2V
(3)Not enough info
darmofal:
darmofal:
11
cf
x/c
1
Which is true:
(1) The red curve is for the airfoil with c = c0
(2) The red curve is for the airfoil with c = 2 c0
(3) Not enough info
darmofal:
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darmofal:
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44
10l
'
Dairfoil
0.1 lb / ft
(2)
'
Dairfoil
1 lb / ft
(3)
'
Dairfoil
10 lb / ft
(4)
'
Dairfoil
20 lb / ft
(5)
'
Dairfoil
100 lb / ft
darmofal:
darmofal:
22
For the flow of an ideal gas, the total pressure, P0, and
the static pressure, p, are related by:
1 r2
1) P0 = p + V
2
2) P0 = p1 +
1
2
M2
/ ( 1)
3) Both 1) and 2)
4) Neither
darmofal:
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22
darmofal:
darmofal:
11
For a fixed Mach number and a fixed lift coefficient, the wave
drag on a well-designed airfoil in transonic flow will likely:
(1) Increase with increasing thickness
(2) Decrease with increasing thickness
(3) Not enough info
clB > cl A
2)
clC > cl A
3)
clD > cl A
darmofal:
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darmofal:
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11
B
In a supersonic flow, at zero angle of attack, which of these airfoils
generates positive lift:
1) Airfoil A
2) Airfoil B
3) Neither airfoil
darmofal:
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11
A
Which plane is flying at the higher Mach number:
1) Plane A
2) Plane B
darmofal:
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p
M = 3
15o
p probe
2
(1) p probe < p 1 +
M
(2)
(3)
p probe
1 2
= p 1 +
M
2
p probe
1 2
M
> p 1 +
2
/ ( 1)
/ ( 1)
darmofal:
darmofal:
22
cl
The above results are from a small disturbance, potential flow analysis of
an airfoil under three conditions. Which is the red line:
1) Mach = 0.05
2) Mach = 0.30
3) Mach = 0.05, with a trailing edge flap deflected
4) None of the above
darmofal:
darmofal:
22
cl
The above is a plot of the lift coefficient of an airfoil versus Mach number at
a fixed angle of attack. Which line is the result of small disturbance
potential flow theory:
1) Blue line
2) Red line
3) Green line
4) None of the above
darmofal:
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11
cd
The above is a plot of the drag coefficient of an airfoil versus Mach number
at a fixed angle of attack. Which line is the result of small disturbance
potential flow theory:
1) Blue line
2) Red line
3) Green line
4) None of the above
darmofal:
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T
Which trend do you think is most realistic for air:
1) The blue line (dynamic viscosity decreases with temperature)
2) The red line (dynamic viscosity increases with temperature)
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LE
darmofal:
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A major
22
atmosphere is heating. Often, blunt body shapes are used such as:
U
Which of the following is true:
(1) Everything else being the same, a laminar boundary layer will
tend to decrease the heat transfer to the vehicle at its base
(2) Everything else being the same, a turbulent boundary layer
will tend to increase the heat transfer to the vehicle at its base
(3) Not enough information