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1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers round, cold-drawn, steel spring
wire having properties and quality intended for the manufacture of the following types of upholstery springs:
1.1.1 Type ACoiled (Marshall pack),
1.1.2 Type BCoiled and knotted,
1.1.3 Type CCoiled and knotted (offset style),
1.1.4 Type DCoiled and hooked (single and cross helicals),
1.1.5 Type ECoiled and hooked (short tensionregular
tensile strength),
1.1.6 Type FCoiled and hooked (short tensionhigh
tensile strength),
1.1.7 Type GRegular lacing, and
1.1.8 Type HAutomatic lacing.
1.2 These types of upholstery springs are used in the
manufacture of bed spring units, mattresses, furniture cushions,
and automobile seats. This wire is not intended for the
manufacture of mechanical springs.
4. Manufacture
4.1 The steel shall be made by any of the following
processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace.
4.2 A sufficient discard shall be made to ensure freedom
from injurious piping and undue segregation.
4.3 The wire shall be cold-drawn to produce the desired
mechanical properties.
5. Chemical Composition
5.1 Upholstery spring wire for coiled-type springs is customarily produced within the chemical ranges shown below.
Chemical composition and processing may vary depending on
the gage of wire and specific use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
of Steel Products2
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment3
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications4
2.2 AIAG Standard:
AIAGB-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Application Standard5
Carbon, %
Manganese, %,
0.45 to 0.70A
0.60 to 1.20A
A
In any lot in which all the wire is of the same size and type, and submitted for
inspection at the same time, the carbon content shall not vary more than 0.20 %,
and the manganese content shall not vary more than 0.30 %.
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
include the following information for each ordered item:
3.1.1 Quantity (weight),
6. Mechanical Properties
6.1 Tension Test:
6.1.1 RequirementsThe material as represented by tension
test specimens shall conform to the requirements prescribed in
Table 1 for the various sizes and specified types.
6.1.2 Number of TestsOne test specimen shall be taken for
each ten coils, or fraction thereof, in a lot. Each heat in a given
lot shall be tested.
6.1.3 Location of TestsTest specimens shall be taken from
either end of the coil.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.03 on Steel Rod and Wire.
Current edition approved July 15, 1993. Published September 1993. Originally
issued as A 407 57 T. Last previous edition A 407 90.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
5
Available from the Automotive Industry Action Group, 26200 Lahser, Suite
200, Southfield, MI 48034.
A 407
TABLE 1 Tensile Strength RequirementsA
Diameter, in. [mm]
Wire Gage
[1.2]
[1.4]
[1.6]
[1.8]
[2.0]
[2.4]
[2.8]
0.062
0.072
0.080
0.092
0.106
0.120
0.135
0.148
0.162
[1.6]
[1.8]
[2.0]
[2.4]
[2.6]
[3.0]
[3.5]
[3.8]
[4.2]
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
255
250
250
240
230
225
220
[1800]
[1760]
[1710]
[1680]
[1650]
[1610]
[1560]
295
290
290
280
270
265
260
[2060]
[2010]
[1950]
[1920]
[1890]
[1830]
[1780]
270
265
260
250
235
225
220
215
210
[1790]
[1770]
[1740]
[1680]
[1640]
[1600]
[1560]
[1530]
[1500]
245
240
230
225
[1690]
[1670]
[1610]
[1580]
235
230
225
215
205
195
190
185
180
[1550]
[1530]
[1500]
[1460]
[1420]
[1380]
[1350]
[1300]
[1300]
[1.8]
[2.0]
[2.4]
[2.6]
15
14
13
12
215
210
200
195
[1450]
[1430]
[1390]
[1360]
18
17
16
215 [1490]
210 [1440]
210 [1410]
255 [1750]
250 [1700]
250 [1650]
14
13
12
200 [1410]
200 [1360]
195 [1330]
240 [1650]
240 [1580]
235 [1550]
9. Retests
9.1 If any test specimen exhibits obvious defects or shows
the presence of a weld, it may be discarded and another
specimen substituted.
14
13
12
225 [1550]
220 [1520]
215 [1490]
260 [1790]
255 [1740]
250 [1710]
10. Inspection
10.1 The manufacturer shall afford the purchasers inspector
all reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy him that the
material is being produced and furnished in accordance with
this specification. Mill inspection by the purchaser shall not
interfere unnecessarily with the manufacturers operations. All
tests and inspections shall be made at the place of manufacture,
unless otherwise agreed to.
[1.0]
[1.2]
[1.4]
[1.6]
0.041
0.048
0.054
0.062
[1.0]
[1.2]
[1.4]
[1.6]
19
18
17
16
235
230
225
225
[1640]
[1600]
[1560]
[1520]
275
270
265
265
[1910]
[1860]
[1810]
[1760]
290
285
280
275
[2020]
[1960]
[1910]
[1860]
250
245
240
235
[1740]
[1700]
[1660]
[1620]
A
Tensile strength values for diameters not shown in this table shall conform to
that shown for the next larger diameter (for example, for diameter 0.128 in. [3.25
mm] the value shall be the same as for 0.135 in. [3.42 mm]).
NOTEFor purposes of determining conformance with this specification, all specified limits are absolute as defined in Practice E 29.
Diameter, in. [mm]
Sizes finer than 0.076 [2.0]
Sizes 0.076 [2.0] to 0.162 [4.2], incl
0.001 [0.02]
0.002 [0.05]
A 407
between the producer and the purchaser. This agreement shall
include coil dimensions and weights.
12.2 When specified, the packaging, marking, and loading
shall be in accordance with Practices A 700.
12.3 Marking shall be by a tag securely attached to each coil
of wire and shall show the identity of the producer, size of the
wire, type, and ASTM specification designation.
12.4 Bar CodingIn addition to the previously-stated identification requirements, bar coding is acceptable as a supple-
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