Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
4 Sources
Two pollutants - fine particulate matter (PM) and ground level ozone - are now considered to have the
greatest health impacts.
Impact
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
CO2 is a greenhouse gas (GHG). GHGs
in the atmosphere act as a blanket
to insulate our planet from heat loss.
Regulation
CO2 Requirements
In addition to the regulations already passed, the
IMO is currently preparing a regulation on the
reduction of CO2emissions from shipping in the
form of a CO2 indexing scheme.
In July 2009, IMOs Marine Environment Protection
NOx Requirements
MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 13 outlines a stepped approach to reduce NOx emissions for
all diesel engines with a power output of more than 130 kW installed. The regulation
impacts ships constructed after 1st January 2000 and engines of 130 kW or above which
have had a major conversion.
All engines which meet the above requirement will require an EIAPP Certificate.
Different tiers of NOx control have
been introduced based on ship
construction date, with the limit
value determined on the basis of
engine rated speed. However, in the
case of additional or non-identical
replacement engines, applicable tier
will be set by the installation date.
Tier III limits apply only inside
NOx Emission Control Areas (North
American ECA).
EIAPP Certificate.
Engine Type
Engine Number
Engine Performance
This is the pre-certification
issued after demonstrating
compliance with NOx emission
limits. Testing is carried out in
accordance with the Technical
Code on Control of Emission of
Nitrogen Oxides from Marine
Diesel Engines (the NOx
Technical Code)
SOx Requirements
The revised MARPOL Annex VI, Regulation 14, introduces a number of changes to the maximum allowable sulphur
content of fuel oil, both inside and outside SO x and particulate matter Emission Control Areas.
EU directive EC 2005/33, introduced in January 2010, imposes a 0.1% limit on sulphur emitted by ships in EU ports.
VOC Requirements
The revised MARPOL Annex VI introduced a new mandatory requirement (regulation 15.6)
regarding Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) emissions control. This applies to all tankers
carrying crude oil.
Since 1st July 2010, every tanker
carrying crude oil is required to
have on board and implement a
ship-specific VOC Management Plan,
approved by the Administration.
The Plan must take into account
guidelines contained in:
MEPC.185 (59) and
MEPC.1/Circ.680.
VOC Requirements
The purpose of the Plan is to ensure that VOC emissions resulting from tanker operations
to which regulation 15.6 applies are prevented or minimised as much as possible.
The ship-specific VOC Management Plan must
provide written procedures for minimising VOC
emissions during:
loading of cargo
discharge of cargo.
SEEMP Requirements
In July 2011, IMO adopted a new chapter to
MARPOL Annex VI that includes a package of
mandatory technical and operational measures
to reduce GHG emissions from international
shipping. This aims to improve the energy
efficiency for new ships through improved design
and propulsion technologies and for all ships,
both new and existing, primarily through
improved operational practices. The measures
came into force on 1 January 2013.
The aim of the measures is to reduce carbon
dioxide emissions by 100-180 million tonnes a
year by 2020. All ships are now required to
implement an energy efficient management
plan, including monitoring of fuel consumed. All
new ships built from 2013 and onwards will be
required to meet a specific energy requirement
(grams of CO2 per tonne-mile) which will be
gradually tightened over time (every five years).
PREVENTION
Sewage
Are you allowed to do this?
SOURCES
REGULATION
MARPOL 73 / 78 Annex IV
Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Sewage of Ships entered into force on 1 August 2005
apply to new and existing ships of:
400+ gross tonnage
less than 400 gross tonnage certified to carry more than 15 persons.
*'New ship' is one for which the building contract or keel was laid on or after 27 September, 2003 o
delivered on or after September 23, 2006.
* Existing ships had to comply by 27 September 2008.
Sewage Special Area
14001
14004
14010
14011
14012
EMS Specification
Guidance / Advice
Principles of Environmental Auditing
Guidance for EMS Auditing
Guidance on EMS Auditing Qualification.
provision of resources:
- appointing a responsible senior manager
to oversee the
policy throughout the company
- creating company-wide awareness
of the EMS policy
- training.
The overall aim of this standard is to
support environmental protection and
prevention of pollution in balance with
socio-economic needs.
Summary
Now that you have studied this module, you should now be able to: