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Agenda
Background
Blast furnace Briquetted Iron (BFBI)
Current project
10/24/2012
Background
Define HBI and process
BF use for metallics
BF history with HBI
10/24/2012
Product of DR Processes
Oxide Pellets
Porosity (approximate)
DRI
~20%
~50%
2.2
1.4
90
HBI
5%?
5.2
(apparent)
>900
10/24/2012
DRI/HBI customers
Primary market has always been steelmaking
furnaces
Use in EAFs 94-96% of total
BOF most of remainder
History of HBI to BF
Conceptually, by adding metallic Fe to a BF, one
should be able to:
increase productivity (since melting only)
decrease coke use (not as much reduction required)
decrease CO2 (replacing some coke with natural gas)
10/24/2012
10/24/2012
BF vs DR grade pellets
10/24/2012
Goals of project
Make HBI from BF-grade pellets
determine whether BFBI has enough strength
density likely below 5.0, but verify
could aim for higher C levels?
10/24/2012
Pellet characterization
Midrex Raw Materials Evaluation
standard series of tests conducted on ~600 pellets
and lump ores over the past 40 years
indication of how pellets will stand up to
reduction conditions in the shaft furnace
Tests conducted
characterization of oxide pellets
Hot Load, Linder, ISO 11256-11258
DR
RM20
0.003
2066
BF
Tuberao
0.007
2016
BF
Sao Luis
0.009
2029
DR
#1
0.003
2211
1Q
RME
0.003
2119
Mean
3Q
Pellets
Specs
0.008
0.007 < 0.008%
2186
2265
2.0
50.3
98.9
99.1
99.1
0.9
7.9
61.8
96.6
99.6
99.7
0.3
22.8
93.4
99.3
99.6
99.7
0.3
0.9
37.6
90.0
99.0
99.4
0.6
1.5
26.2
91.4
97.9
98.9
0.2
6.1
42.2
94.1
98.1
99.0
0.99
7.7
57.4 > 95%
98.9(9 x 16 mm)
99.7
99.8< 3% -5 mm
1.01
304
437
174
69
309
647
84
138
362
633
110
118
256
436
38
107
239
398
86
286
447
131
94.4
94.7
94.8
1.3
94.2
94.5
94.5
1.4
93.1
93.8
94.1
2.0
95.2
96.2
97.3
0.9
93.0
93.7
94.1
93.7
94.4
94.8
95.9
96.4
96.5
10/24/2012
Linder Results
Metallization
Carbon - C
Gangue (Calc.)
DR
RM20
96.0
2.04
4.15
BF
Tuberao
93.8
3.5
8.04
BF
Sao Luis
94.4
3.1
10.0
DR
#1
94.1
1.76
6.34
1Q
RME
91.9
0.86
3.8
Mean
3Q
Pellets
92.9
95.5
1.23
1.35
5.9
6.1
47.1
56.8
80.9
70.5
1.7
26.2
43.7
97.7
97.8
2.2
99.0
99.7
0.3
94.9
97.4
2.6
95.8
97.8
2.2
90.6
94.3
0.8
91.9
93.9
5
98.6
99.3
4.8
42
69
16
16
32
59
16
13
97
189
7
56
31
54
17
10
30
46
58
Compression Strength
average
high
low
st dev
Specs
> 93
< 2%
RME Summary
Physical properties of BF pellets likely
acceptable for DR plant operation
gangue level, of course, too high for most EAFs
may need to remove coarse fraction
10/24/2012
Vale material shows variability between DRI created in HL vs LRF, but generally follows trends
10
10/24/2012
Briquetting Results
11
10/24/2012
Status
Results favorable enough to proceed to next stage
Negotiating with Midrex HBI plant to process
10-40,000 tonnes of BF pellet to BFBI
verify shaft furnace operability with 100% BF pellets
establish strength and density under commercial
conditions
make enough BFBI for BF trials
12