APA References Style: Books

A book is a work that is published once, not as part of a regular series. Books
can be revised and republished: each revision is considered a new edition of
the same book. A book, as we are defining it here, is distinguished from an
edited book in that the entire text of the work is written by the same author,
group of authors, or institution
Some books provide an overview of a specific topic, and are valuable in this
respect. Other books contain an extended discussion of a very specific
subtopic, going to a level of detail which would be impossible in a shorter work.
Very often, a book of this type will be intended as a definitive work.
Unfortunately, however, books go out of date-the process of book publishing is
long and theories change quickly. Libraries usually hold onto books long after
the theories they contain are proven invalid. It is therefore important to make
sure that the books you use are as up to date as possible.

NECESSARY INFORMATION AND WHERE TO FIND IT:

Author(s) of
book

can generally be found on both the cover (or dust jacket) and
title page.

Year of
publication

can sometimes be found at the bottom of the title page;

otherwise look on the page directly behind the title page,
where it says "Copyright ."

Title of book can be found on both the cover (or dust jacket) and title page
(naturally).
Edition/revisi is usually indicated on the cover (or dust jacket) or title page. If
on
no edition number or revision information is present on either
number (if
of these places, assume that the book is an original edition.
any)
Place of
publication

is usually listed on the title page

Publishing
entity

is almost always listed at the bottom of the title page. If no

listing is made here, try the page directly behind the title page.

CITATION ELEMENTS
AUTHOR(S) OF BOOK
For books, put each author's last name, then a comma, then the first initial
of the first name, then any additional initials. A period should follow each
initial. Separate the last author from the second-to-last author with a comma
and ampersand (&). Separate any additional authors by commas. If the listed
author is a group or institution, include its full name. In the case of institutional
authorship, add a period to end the section; for individual authors, no extra
period is needed-the period after the final initial is sufficient.
One author
Two authors
Three authors
Institutional author

Smith, M. T.
Beddington-Meekes, J. A., & Hiroguchi, M.
Jones, Q. P., Chen, C. L., & Crismon, S.
Italian Institute of Pig Language Research.

YEAR OF PUBLICATION
For books, include only the year of copyright, in parenthesis, then end with
a period. If the book was republished, include the original date of publication
and the new date in the text citation, separated by a slash (/), but put only the
publication date of the source used in the reference list. If no date of
publication is listed, put "n.d." in the parenthesis.
Standard form
Republished book (in
text citation)
No date given

(1994).
(1969/1996).
(n.d.).

TITLE OF BOOK
Give the full title of the book, including the subtitle if one is given.
Capitalize only the first word of the title, and the first word of any subtitle; also
capitalize any proper names in the title. Separate title and subtitle with a colon
(:). If the book is a volume in a titled series of books, add the series title as a
subtitle. Put the title, subtitle, and series information in italics, and end with a
period.
Standard form
Title and subtitle
Title and series name

The evolution of the Pig Latin-Pig Pidgin continuum.

Mud, troughs, and slop: Using realia in the secondary Pig Latin classroom.
Pig Latin phonology: Vol. 2. Current issues in Pig Latin studies.

EDITION/REVISION NUMBER
For numbered editions, use the abbreviation for the ordinal number that
applies (1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.), then add "ed." For a revised edition, use the
abbreviations "Rev. ed." Include edition information in parenthesis, and insert it
between the book title and its following period, without underlining.
Numbered edition
Revised edition

Book title (3rd ed.).

Book title (Rev. ed.).

PLACE OF PUBLICATION
Certain common cities of publication are included with no additional
information. These include: Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York,
Philadelphia, San Francisco, Amsterdam, Jerusalem, London, Milan, Moscow,
Paris, Rome, Stockholm, Tokyo, Vienna. If the book was published in one of
these places, simply list the city, followed by a colon (:).
If the book's place of publication is not one of these cities, additional
information is needed. For American locations, include the city and state postal
abbreviation, separated by a comma. For locations outside the United States,
include the city and country, separated by a comma. Follow each type of
location with a colon.
Common locations

New York:
Milan:

American location

Wynot, NE:

Talcahuano, Chile:

Other locations

Suva, Fiji:

PUBLISHING ENTITY
Give as much of the publisher's name as necessary to render it
comprehensible. Completely spell out the names of university presses and
corporations, but cut such words as Inc., Co., and Publishers from commercial
publishing companies. Follow the publisher's name with a period.
Commercial press
University press
Corporate press

Collins.
Cambridge University Press.
General Electric Corporation.

CITATION FORMATS:
Author, A. A. (1996). Title of book. City: Publisher.
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (1996). Title of book: Subtitle of
book (edition). City, ST: Publisher.
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (1996). Title of book: Vol. 1.
Title of series. City, Country: Publisher.

EXAMPLE CITATIONS:

Citation:

Webb, C. D. (1992). A theoretical basis for Pig Latin semiotics. New

Haven, CT: Bayside.

Citation:

Brandow, A. E., & Wenceler, S. (1987). Breaking the language barrier:

Our experiences teaching Pig Latin to South American aboriginal
peoples (Rev. ed.). Kalohe, HI: Kahoolawe University Press.

Citation:

Larrison, L., Curliman, P. D., & Moer, J. Q. (1978). Pig Latin pedagogy:
Vol. 6. Language teachers' resource. Nottingham, England: Association of
British Language Teachers.
(Larrison, Curliman, & Moer, 1965/1978).

In-text
Citation: