Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
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Acknowledgement
The most pleasant part of submitting the report is to get the opportunity. I
would like to thank those who have contributed to it a lot. Unfortunately, the
list of expression of thanks- no matter how extensive is always incomplete
and inadequate. These acknowledgements are no exception. First of all I
would thank almighty Allah for bestowing us the patience and courage to
finish this huge task within deadline.
In addition, I would also like to thank those people who have provided me
their precious time regarding my project, especially those people who were
kind enough to fill up my surveys. At last, I sincerely acknowledge my debt
to Ms. Michelle Draper, my honorable faculty, for her valuable counseling
towards the improvement of the project. Without her encouragement, this
would have never been possible.
II
Abstract
The paper represents an argumentative analysis of the topic Animal cruelty. Animal
cruelty is a nationwide problem rapidly growing in todays society. Animals are being
beaten and starved and many of them are dieing every year because of the cruel owners.
In this study process, fourty people were surveyed and were asked several questions
on this issue. The research also includes alternative methods and the disadvantages of
animal cruelty. The main focus is on the reviews that were gathered through a survey of
people from different demographics. Detailed analysis of the survey is also provided. As
a result one can realize that animal cruelty is a deleterious and inhuman practice and it
has to be stopped. A few limitations of this study are discussed and recommendations of
further study are also included.
III
Table of Contents
Content
Page Number
Introduction
Background
Areas of Research
Hypothesis
Methodology
1|Page
Introduction
The greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the way its animals
are treated these are the words of the great leader Mahatma Gandhi. Animal cruelty is an
inhumane and also a heinous act. Now a days thousands of animals of the world are
becoming the victim of animal cruelty. Animal cruelty also known as animal abuse or
negligence towards animals which can take different forms. It includes harm upon
animals for the purpose of self defense or failure to provide the welfare of an animal
under ones control. It also include causing animals psychological harms like hurting,
tormenting or torturing. Many of the animal welfare acts who has provide distinct
examples of animal cruelty, which may contain:
- distressing or heating an animal
-imprisoning or transporting an animal in a way which is not appropriate for its
welfare
-killing an animal in a brutal way
-do not accommodate proper or adequate food or water for an animal
-failing to contribute suitable treatment for disease or injury and
-failing to provide proper living conditions.
Animal cruelty is a crucial problem which is occurring all around the world from circuses
to science lab, horse racing and even on the movies. Animals are suffering from intense
distress every day in laboratories and also in the circuses. They are also abused in
bullfighting, puppy mills and in horse riding. It is heart breaking thing because cruelty
towards animals are beyond humanity and they are also creations of God. Thousands of
2 | Page
animals are dieing each year because of this heinous and disgustful crime. Puppy mills
are the large-scale of commercial kind of dog upbringing activities which put most of the
priority on their profit and gaining benefits rather than the health of the puppies. On the
other hand dog fighting has also become a dangerous sign of animal cruelty. Many of the
dogs of the world are becoming the victim of cruelty because of this dog fighting. Mice,
rats, dogs, cats, rabbits, monkeys, birds and other types of animals are also becoming the
victim in laboratory experiments all over the world only for producing chemical, drug,
food, and cosmetics and also for animal testing. However, Animal cruelty is beyond
humanities and is also an inhumane act. Most of the animals are becoming the victim of
cruelty because ignorance, negligence, animal testing, overbreeding, entertainment which
have to be stopped.
Background
In Bangladesh people are not also aware of the fact of animal cruelty. In this country,
animals are also becoming the victim of cruelty because of ignorance, negligence,
physical harm and lack of generosity like others country of the world. Some time,
people of this country who abused animals do not do it on intentionally. They tortured
or abused animals because lack of proper knowledge or because of they don't think or
realize what are they doing. On the other hand people of this country harm animals
because of expressing anger through an animal. At the time of own aggressiveness some
people feel that abusing animals will be the sign of strength and toughness. The shocking
thing is that most of the animals of our country becoming the victim because of
amusement or for making fun. There is a sick nature of people is that they feel happy by
torturing the innocent animals. However in Bangladesh the main reason behind animal
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cruelty is that people do not have enough knowledge about this issue and they also dont
have any idea how serious and dangerous crime it is. They simply dont have any idea
that the things they are doing maybe cruel or immoral. They might hold a pet dog on a
short chain but they do not realize that the dog also needs time and space to move more
freely. Or sometime young kids torture animals and making fun out of it which is also
happening because of the inadequacy of knowledge. Immature abusers actually think to
hurt animals but lack the mental and emotional maturity to do not realize or understand
what they are doing. In our country government had tried to take major initiatives
regarding this issue. We have THE CRUELTY TO ANIMAL ACT, 1920, which is a law
on animal cruelty. On the other hand our country had also seen the first animal abuser to
be arrested. In our country the first animal abuser had been arrested. Animal welfare
organization Obhoyaronno filed a case about this incident on police station. Like this
incident f they are punished others, they will realise and cannot do this again to any other
animals. Though government and the animal welfare organizations are trying to take
some initiatives to stop this heinous activity, people of our country have to become more
aware and serious about this issue. In order to efficiently cure animal cruelty, society
have to understand that animals also have feelings, they feel pain like us and also deserve
to be treated with kindness and affection.
4|Page
Areas of Research
In my research I plan to analyse the impact of animal cruelty have on the society. My
research will address the following research questions:
1. What is animal cruelty?
2. Are societies being affected by animal cruelty?
3. Why are people being cruel to animals?
4. How many animals are victim of cruelty each year?
5. Should government do anything on this issue?
About Animal cruelty: Animal cruelty can be also considered as abuse or utterly the
failure to take care of an animal. On the other hand whether the animal is a pet, a farm
animal or a wildlife, the victim can expiate heinously. This cruelty may include beating,
shooting or wounding animals, or setting them on fire. Ignorance towards animals is not
giving an animal necessary food, water, shelter or medical care. Because their distress is
eventually sustained, animals who die because of ignorance or negligence can endure
just as much as animals who are continuously being harmed. But sorrowfully most of the
people are not conscious on taking steps against cruelty.
Are societies being affected by animal cruelty: Animal cruelty is a big problem in todays
society. It is scarcely just a disgustful habit of people which is rather an absolute and
present danger that may hinder the peace of the society. There is no inadequacy of
stability researched and ample documented indication from every corner of the globe that
unchecked abuse of animals is a gateway to ever higher levels of brutality. It is
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unfortunate that in our society some people utterly don't judge animals as sentient
creatures, they just see them as property or as a commodity, which are nothing but only
for exploitation. It is sad and also touchy that people could also treat animals in this
way. Societies are being affected by animal cruelty in many ways. In a research, it has
shown that people who abused animals can affect them negatively in their later life. They
may become violent and occur heinous crime in their future life. Animal cruelty can also
create a bad impact on the mind of the young children.
Reasons behind these cruelness: People become cruel towards animals for many reasons.
Sometime because of self defense and survival, sometime because of their own benefit
people become cruel to animals. Because of mental imbalance people also abuse
animals. In some cases, when people face difficulties in their childhood or being abused
by someone else they tried to imply that on the poor animals in their later life. In the
movie Shiloh the cruelty towards animal has shown very significantly. In this movie a
dog is brutally tortured by its master. On the other hand Just a Dog is a book which is
the first genuinely objective sociological study of animal cruelty and also its human face.
Cruelty to animals as a psychological problem or personality
disorder which are defined by the psychiatrists. In this book Just a Dog,
the author wanted to stated that our current view towards animal cruelty are horrible and
also constrained without regard to the experience of the groups committing the act.
Nevertheless those people who are engaging themselves towards animal cruelty have
their own viewpoint and understandings of their behavior. In this fascinating book, author
tries to stated those understandings and disclose the unexpected complicated nature with
animals.
6|Page
Data and statistics of animals those are becoming victim: The fearful number of cruelty
cases cited everyday on television, internet and in newspapers is only the point which are
like iceberg. In most of the cases are these things are not at all reported, and most of the
animals who are sufferings goes unrecognized and undiminished. Though there is no
national reporting system for animal abuse, most of the datas are from the media
reports and it suggest that animal cruelty is happening in both rural and urban areas. The
media reports shows that most of the animal cruelty cases are happening towards dogs
and pit bull-type dogs and they are the most common victims of animal cruelty.
According to the 2007 media report, 1,880 cruelty cases reported that
64.5 percent (1,212) involved dogs, 18 percent (337) involved cats,25 percent (470)
involved other animals. Pit bull-type of dogs emerged to be on the rise. On the year of
20002001, the pit bull-type dogs were becoming victim of animal cruelty and the rate
was like 13 percent. In the year 2007, 25 percent of the dog-abuse cases were reported.
According to the American Horse Council, in America there were more than 9 million
horses and from them more than 6 million in the mid-1990s were being abused.
Livestock are also becoming the victim. In 2007, there were 20 reports which shows that
according to the neglect cases, cows and eight pigs are mostly becoming the victim.
Domestic animals are also becoming the victim like the same way. The HSUS
approximated that almost 1 million animals on a year are being abused or killed because
of domestic violence.
Governments steps regarding this issue: Government are not that much aware regarding
this issue. In some phase they are taking initiatives but in most of the cases they are not
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taking this issue seriously. However, Government have implemented different laws
on this issue. In our country there is also law on animal cruelty named THE CRUELTY
TO ANIMALS ACT, 1920. The offenses of these acts are- Penalty for cruelty to animals
and for sale of animals killed with unnecessary cruelty, Penalty for overloading animals,
Penalty for practicing phuka, Disposal of portion of fine, Condition for granting licences
for cattle-sheds, Penalty for killing animals with unnecessary cruelty,Condition for
granting licences for cattle-sheds, Penalty for being in possession of the skin of a goat
killed with unnecessary cruelty, Presumptions as to possession of the skin of a goat,
Penalty for employing animals unfit for labour, Penalty for baiting animals, or inciting
them to fight, Penalty for allowing diseased animals to go at large or to die in public
places, Penalty for working buffaloes during prohibited period, Weighbridges,
Infirmaries, Power of Government to appoint Veterinary Inspectors and weighbridgeofficers, Animal, etc, to be taken to weighbridge in case of overloading, Excess load to be
removed in case of overloading, Unfit animal to be taken to Veterinary Inspector, Excess
load to be treated as unclaimed property in certain circumstances and so on. The
procedure of this act include arrest of offenders, Special power of search and seizure in
respect of certain offences and search warrants. The rule of this act comprised Power of
Government to make rules. Though government has consolidated this act but most of the
cases it is not implemented properly. Government have to became more serious and also
have to be more concerned on taking steps regarding this issue.
8|Page
Hypothesis
Animal cruelty is both brutal and violent act. From my research, I expect to find the
reasons behind animal cruelty and also peoples awareness regarding this issue. I think
animals are one of the wonderful creations of nature and they are also helping people in
many ways then why people are showing cruelty to animals. It is expected that
government should take some step to stop this issue. I also think by harming, killing or
showing negligence to animals people are doing cruelty. I also except that every country
should follow the animal acts or laws to stop the cruelty and by this the rate of the
animals who are the victim of animal cruelty may be reduced.
Methodology
For my primary research, I have conducted a survey of a representative sampling of the
general public in Dhaka about this matter. To that I have designed a questionnaire with
twelve different types of questions so as to get a range of useful data which have helped
me to answer my research questions. I have surveyed not just the young peoples but the
corporate and older people also. The questionnaire was distributed randomly without any
biases.
For my secondary sources I have used different articles from the electronic media. I have
also used one motion picture as my secondary source which is a movie named Shiloh. I
have used two books named The call of the wild and Just a Dog: Understanding
Animal Cruelty and Ourselves also as my secondary sources. Though I have planned to
interview the members and workers of animal welfare organizations but because of time
shortage I failed to do that.
9|Page
Description: The pie chart above shows how many people are familiar with the term
animal cruelty. The choices were Yes and No. From the chart, it can be seen that around
87.5% people said yes that they know about this issue and the rest 12.5% said no they
dont know about this.
Analysis: The interpretation of the graph above is that 87.5% of my sample are known
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about animal cruelty. Amazingly most of them have idea about the term animal cruelty
Description: The bar chart above shows the types of animals that are mostly becoming
the victim of animal cruelty. The X-axis shows the names of the animals and the Y-axis
shows the numbers that people mostly goes with which option. From the chart, it can
be seen that 60% of the respondent thinks that dogs are mostly becoming the victim of
animal cruelty, 5% thinks that horses,22.5% thinks that livestock,7.5% thinks that cats
and the remaining 5% thinks that there are other types of animal which are mostly
becoming the victim of animal cruelty.
Analysis: The interpretation of the graph above is that from my survey around 60%
respondent thinks that dogs are most becoming the victim of animal cruelty which is the
highest. Then 22.5% goes for livestock and another 7.5% of their opinions goes for the
cats option. The remaining 5% is for horses which is the lowest and another 5% is for
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other types of animals, according to them panda and wild animals. So according to my
respondents point of view dogs are mostly becoming the victim of animal cruelty.
Description: The above pie chart shows how many of the respondent have pet and how
many of them do not. Here they could only chose Yes or No. Around 70% of the
respondent said that they do not have any pet. The remaining 30% said that they have
pets.
Analysis: The interpretation of the above graph is that nearly 70% of the respondent said
that they do not have any pet. On the other hand 30% of them said that they have pet.
They said they have pets like dogs, rabbits and cats. Most of them said that they have
dogs as their pet. However, from my survey I can stated that majority of the respondent
do not have any pet.
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Q. 4 What do you think is there any law on this issue?
Description: This pie chart reflects the contributors view about laws of animal cruelty.
The choices were Yes, No and I have no idea. Around 67.5% respondent thinks that there
is a law on animal cruelty, 7.5% thinks that there is not and other 25% have no idea about
it.
Analysis: It is good to see that people are aware of the laws regarding this issue. 67.5%
of my answers were marked as yes, people thinks that there is a law on this issue. 7.5% of
my respondents who answered the questionnaire said no there is not and the remaining
25% of them have no idea on this. So, it seems that people are aware of the laws
regarding this issue.
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Q.5Which one of the following Animal cruelty issues seems most serious to you?
Description: The bar graph above shows the response of people when they were asked
that which of the animal cruelty issues seems most serious to them. The X-axis is
showing number of the issues that my respondent choses and the Y-axis shows the name
of the animal cruelty issues that are seems to be most serious. From the chart, it can be
seen that 47.5% respondent thinks that human brutality against animals are the most
serious issue of animal cruelty,10% thinks living conditions of farm animals,35% thinks
the hunting of wild animals and other 7.5% thinks that animal trafficking are the most
serious issue.
Analysis: The interpretation of the graph above shows that percentage of animal cruelty
issues that seems most serious to the respondent. Majority of them, nearly 47.5% thinks
that human brutality against animals are the most serious issue of animal cruelty, which is
the highest. Here 7.5% respondents said that animal trafficking are the most serious issue
which is marked as the lowest one.
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Q.6 Have you ever witnessed any incident which is on animal cruelty?
Description: The pie chart shows the percentage of people those have witnessed any
incident which is on animal cruelty. The blue part shows No that they didnt witnessed
any incident and the grey part shows Yes which means the percentage that witnessed any
incident on this issue. Around 60% of the respondent said that they didnt witnessed any
incident on animal cruelty. On the other hand 40% of them said yes that they had
witnessed such incidents.
Analysis: The interpretation of the graph above is that 60% of the respondent has never
seen any incident which is on animal cruelty. The remaining 40% said that they had
witnessed such incident. Those incidents that they had witnessed are boys having fun
kicking dogs, hitting horses continuously while riding on them, locked down in the car,
dog chained outside the house. One of the respondent mentioned about the Yulin
festival of China where dogs are killed & eaten. Another respondent highlighted the
hunting of seals in Canada that he has witnessed.
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Q.7 If you witness such incident what will you do at that time?
Description: The bar chart represents if the respondent witness any incident at that time
What he/ she will do at that time.50% of my respondent said that they will went forward
and try to stop the incident, both 22.50% said they will report the animal welfare
organization or will call for people for help to deal with the situation. The remaining 5%
said that they will do nothing on such incident.
Analysis: The interpretation of the graph above shows that the highest number of people
which is nearly 50% of the 40 respondent went forward and try to stop the incident
option. Then 22.50% stated that they will report the animal welfare organization or call
for help to deal with the situation. The remaining 5% of the respondent said that they
will not take any initiatives on such incidents which is the lowest in numbers.
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Q. 8 What do you think are people sometime being cruel to animals because of
superstitions or irrational beliefs ?
Description: The pie chart above shows about the contributors view point that in some
cases animal cruelty is occurring because of superstitions or irrational believes. The
options that I have provided were Yes, No and Maybe. Out of 40 respondent whom I
surveyed, 58% goes with the maybe option, 28% marked as yes and the remaining 15%
said no.
Analysis: The interpretation of the graph is that the highest number of respondent which
is 58% were uncertain about this matter. The said maybe people are sometime cruel
towards animals because of superstitions or irrational believes. On the other hand 28%
said yes which is marked as the second highest and the other 15% goes with the no option
which is the lowest one.
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Description: The bar chart shows the respondents views that governments steps
regarding this issue. The X-axis shows the numbers of the options that the respondents
chosen and the Y-axis shows the names of the steps. Nearly 12.5% of the respondent
thinks government should increased funding on the animal welfare organization,40%
thinks that educating people about the seriousness of animal cruelty,37.5% thinks that
fine and jail those people who are being cruel to animals,10% thinks that government
should counsel those people who are being cruel to animals.
Analysis: The interpretation the graph is that the highest number of respondent which is
nearly 40% they said that educating people about the seriousness of animal cruelty should
be the most effective initiative that government should take regarding this issue.
Therefore the other 37.5% respondents goes with the fine and jail those who are being
cruel to animals option. The remaining 12% said that government should increase
funding on the animal welfare organizations and other 10% said that counsel those people
who are being cruel to animals would be the best option regarding this issue.
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Description: The pie chart shows the percentage of the respondent that animal cruelty
affect them emotionally or not. The blue portion of the chart indicates the Yes option and
the portion was the No option. Nearly 77% of the 40 respondent said that yes animal
cruelty affect them emotionally. The remaining 23% said that no it doesnot affect them
emotionally.
Analysis: The interpretation of the chart is that most of the participant which is nearly
77% goes with the yes option. The reason that they have provided for chosing this option
is that they think it is immoral and also a inhumane act. Some of them said that animals
are like their family. Some of them stated that harming anyone is bad and cruel not just
animals and so on. Like this all of the respondent provided different varieties of reasons
who have chosen the yes option. The rest of the respondent chose the no option whose
percentage is like around 23% and it is the lowest one.
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Q.11 Do you think animal cruelty and violent crime are similar?
Description: The chart above shows that is animal cruelty and violent are similar or not.
People answered to this question by selecting either Yes or No from the questionnaire.
From there 67.50% of the respondent stated that yes animal cruelty and violent crime
both are similar, 27.50% said that they are uncertain and the remaining 5% said that no
they are not similar.
Analysis: The interpretation of the graph is that most of the respondent which is nearly
67.50% think that this two term are similar, that is the highest one. The other 27.50% of
them endured that they are not sure about this matter, they are uncertain. The remaining
5% said no to this, which is the lowest one.
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Description: The pie chart shows the respondents thinking of taking steps regarding this
issue. The blue part of the chart represents the yes option and the red part represents the
no option. From the chart 70% of the respondent said yes the want to take steps on this
issue and the remaining 30% said no they wont.
Analysis: The interpretation of the graph above is that majority of the respondents which
is 70% want to take initiatives on this issue. The initiatives they said they wanted to take
were tell other people not to do this issue, create public awareness, tell their friend not to
do animal cruelty, step forward and tell that it is not good, catch the abusers and handed
them to the city cops, stop people when they see them doing it and so on. Some of them
also stated that they may increase awareness by social networking website, where some
of them said that they should stop the abusers by doing public activities. The remaining
30% respondent said that they do not want to take any steps regarding this issue, which is
not that much high.
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Books:
London, J. (1903). The Call of the Wild. New York, NY: MacMillan & Co Ltd
In this book author set the story in the Yukon during the 1890s Klondike Gold Rusha
period in which strong sled dogs were in high demand. The story was centralized by a
dog who was a domestic dog and lived at a ranch at the beginning of the story. Then the
had stolen from his home and had sold into service as a sled dog. He then turned back as
a wild sled dog. The dog is pressurized to fight in order to command other dogs in harsh
weather. Here author tries to visualize the cruelty of human to animals and how they are
using animals for their own sake.
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Electronic media:
Sohail, E. (2014, October 29). Animal abuse: Where does it lead?. Dhaka Tribute.
Retrieved from http://www.dhakatribune.com/long-form/2014/oct/29/animalabuse- where-does-it-lead
In this article, writer tries to explain that animal cruelty is taking place crucially but
people are not that much aware of this fact. Animal welfare organizations are showing
that they are much aware of this fact and also taking initiatives regarding these but
actually they are doing nothing. He stated that Cruelty to animals is hardly just a
disgusting habit, but rather a clear and present danger to peace in society.
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Sibert, C. (2010, June). The Animal Cruelty Syndrome. The New York Times
Magazine. Retrieved from
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/13/magazine/13dogfightingt.html?_r=0
In this article author focuses on animal cruelty in America and also relates it to human
torture as well. The author states that the link between animal cruelty and other crimes
like spousal and child abuse, rape and homicide has brought this matter to further
attention. The article also stated that people are abusing animal randomly sometime for
their own amusement and sometime children are also being taught to kill animal for their
own safety.
Runkle, N. (2011, June). End the Assault against Animal Abuse Whistleblowers.
Times Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.mfablog.org/time-magazine-endthe-assault-against-animal-abuse-whistleblowers
In this article author stated that many pro factory and industries are abusing farm animals.
Many farm animals are abused eventually and people do not have any idea about that.
People have been misguided by the attempts of silence whistleblowers and the protected
animal abusers who have managed to generated a lot of media attention that the cruelty
had endured by animals raised for food and peoples moral obligation has to be protect
those animals from being abused.
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Conclusion
Animal cruelty is a disgustful and heinous crime which are occurring all around the
world. It is completely heart-breaking to know that different types of animals are being
physically and verbally brutalized every particular day. For most of the people who may
think that oh animal cruelty, yes it is really bad and inhumane but they actually
dont know how worse it is as far as they indeed go and read the different articles
which are on animal cruelty. Animal cruelty is beyond humanities. It is an inhumane act,
also unethical and immoral. Animals are also creations of God. They also have emotions
and feelings like us. Our religion teaches us not to be cruel on any living beings. So this
distressful act has to be stopped. People have to be more aware on this issue. Not only
people government also have to take major initiatives to stop this distressful crime.
On this point I would recommend people
-They should avoid products that are tested on animals.
- They should know whom to call to report animal cruelty.
- They should provide as much information they can when they report animal cruelty.
- They should set themselves as a good example to others that they are loveable and
caring towards animals.
- They should tried to start a neighborhood watch.
-
I am hoping that with the help of the people in our societies and also around
the world, we will be able to make significant transformation that will help us to prevent
animal cruelty. At last I would like to say that by doing this project I have come to learn
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many this about animal cruelty. If someone else do a research on this topic I would
suggest them try to go more deep onto this issue, try to analyze more data and also try to
take necessary initiative to make people more aware about this issue.
Reference List
1. What is animal cruelty? (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.rspca.org.au/animalcruelty/what-animal-cruelty.
2. Sohail, E. (2014, October 29). Animal abuse: Where does it lead?. Dhaka Tribute.
Retrieved from http://www.dhakatribune.com/long-form/2014/oct/29/animalabuse- where-does-it-lead
3. Sibert, C. (2010, June). The Animal Cruelty Syndrome. The New York Times
Magazine. Retrieved from
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/13/magazine/13dogfightingt.html?_r=0
4. 11 Facts About Animal Cruelty. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://www.dosomething.org/facts/11-facts-about-animal-cruelty
5. Runkle, N. (2011, June). End the Assault against Animal Abuse Whistleblowers.
Times Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.mfablog.org/time-magazine-endthe-assault-against-animal-abuse-whistleblowers
Motion Pictures:
6. Rosenbloom, C. (1997). Shiloh [DVD]. United States: Warner Bros
Entertainment.
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Book:
7. London, J. (1903). The Call of the Wild. New York, NY: MacMillan & Co Ltd
Book:
8. Arluke, A. (2006). Just a Dog: Understanding Animal Cruelty and Ourselves.
Philadelphia, United States: Temple University Press
9. Animal Cruelty Facts and Statistics. (2014, October 29). Retrieved from
http://www.humanesociety.org/issues/abuse_neglect/facts/animal_cruelty_facts_statistics
.html
10. THE CRUELTY TO ANIMALS ACT, 1920. Retrieved from
http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/print_sections_all.php?id=115
11. Top 10 Ways to Prevent Animal Cruelty. (n.d.) Retrieved from
https://www.aspca.org/fight-cruelty/report-animal-cruelty/top-10ways-toprevent-animal-cruelty