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Centring, Drilling and Counterboring / Countersinking Course: Techniques for Machining of
Material. Instruction Examples for Practical Vocational Training................................................................1
Preface...................................................................................................................................................1
Instruction example 3.1.: Shaft...............................................................................................................1
Instruction example 3.2.: Die plate.........................................................................................................3
Instruction example 3.3.: Adapter...........................................................................................................5
Instruction example 3.4.: Drawin bush.................................................................................................7
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Preface
The present booklet contains 4 selected instruction examples which are intended to help practising and
consolidating knowledge and skills acquired in the working techniques "centring, drilling,
counterboring/countersinking".
In order to facilitate the preparation and execution of the work, the necessary materials, cutting and operating
tools, measuring and testing tools and accessories are stated for each training example.
For the instruction examples 1 and 3 the steel is specified according to the value of its tensile strength in the
unit "Megapascal" (MPa).
We also recommend knowledge required in addition to knowledge of centring, drilling,
counterboring/countersinking which should be repeated before starting with the work. The specified sequence
of operations gives the steps necessary for the production of the parts. This sequence of operations should be
strictly observed if good quality is to be achieved, For each instruction example a working drawing is attached
showing the required shapes and dimensions of the workpiece. The admissible deviations for sizes with no
indication of tolerances may be taken from the table below.
Nominal size
Admissible deviation in mm
0.5 6
0.1
6 30
0.2
30 120
0.3
120 315
0.5
Material
GGL 25 (GG = cast iron, L = flakes, GGL = grey cast iron, 25 = 250 MPa tensile strength)
Dimensions
dia. 60250
Cutting and operating tools
Centre drill B 3.15; key
Measuring and testing tools
Vernier caliper
Accessories
Drill chuck, hard chuck jaws
Required previous knowledge
Reading of drawings, measuring and testing, scribing and prickpunching
Explanations to the working drawing
B 3.15:
Remarks
1. Dimensional inspection
2. Clamping of workpiece
3. Clamping of tool
Chuck centre drill in drill chuck. If necessary, have drill chuck held in tailstock
spindle using taper sleeves.
5. Positioning of tailstock
6. Switching on lathe
7. Tool to take first cut
Ensure that tool is in central position when taking first cut. Adjust tailstock, if
necessary.
8. Centring
Turn part by 180 around its longitudinal axis and clamp it short.
For machining of the second side repeat operations 5. to 11. Operation 7. is not necessary since central
position of the centring tool has already been aligned.
Material
100 Cr 6 (100 = 1 % carbon; Cr 6 = 1.5 % chromium)
Dimensions
dia. 3247
Cutting and operating tools
Inside turning tool for corner work, key
Measuring and testing tools
Vernier caliper, dial gauge, protractor
Accessories
Stepped chuck jaws which can be turned out, supporting plates, coolant, Vee (for round cross section of
turning tool shaft)
Required previous knowledge
Reading of drawings, measuring and testing, scribing and prickpunching
Explanations to the working drawing
(0.04) = admissible truerunning error of 0.04 mm not to be exceeded.
Surface finish: finished Rz 20
Sequence of operations
Remarks
1. Dimensional inspection
2. Clamping of workpiece
Type of clamping: "chucking" in stepped chuck jaws which can be turned out.
Chuck on dia. 30, measure on dia. 20, maintain admissible deviation. Check
for true running. If necessary, turn out chuck jaws. Interrupted cut! Wear safety
goggles I
3. Clamping of tool
Set end stop. Let tool take first cut at interedge between end face and surface
of hole by means of top slide adjustment.
6. Centring
Adjust cross slide to the left. Manually finishturn centre hole by top slide
adjustment. Use coolant for tools without carbide tips.
Material
St 602 (St = steel, 60 = 600 MPa tensile strength, 2 = grade)
Dimensions
dia. 5570
upper deviation
32.00
lower deviation
31.90
Remarks
1. Dimensional
inspection
2. Clamping of
workpiece
Type of clamping: "chucking" in chuck jaws which can be turned out. Clamp short.
3. Centring
4. Longitudinal
turning and facing
5. Clamping of tool
6. Drilling 20
Drill through hole dia. 20 by manual adjustment of tailstock sleeve. Use sleeve
scale.
7. Boring 320.1
Make sure the drill edge is sufficiently cooled. Set end stop. Insert block gauge 25
mm. Tool nose to take first cut on transition between end face and inner surface of
the workpiece. Remove block gauge. Set feed
Finishbore 320.1
Utilize "0" position of crossslide.
8. Deburring
9. Rechucking
10. Facing to 60 mm
length
11. Deburring
For batch production repeat sequence of operations until operation 3, rechuck, centre and continue with
operation 4. Operation 8 is then deleted (earlier operation).
Material
15 Cr 6 (15 = 0.15 % carbon. Cr 6 = 1.5 % chromium) casehardening steel
Dimensions
dia. 5282
(premachined dia. 5080, hole dia. 20)
0.02 admissible truerunning error 0.02 mm surface: finished Rz 20, Rz 6.3 finefinished.
Sequence of operations
Remarks
1. Dimensional inspection
2. Clamping of workpiece
3. Clamping of tool
4. Countersinking 260
5. Rechucking
Type of clamping: "Chucking". Check for true running (radial and axial
runout).
6. Clamping of tool
Clamp inside turning tool short on top slide. Ensure clearance angle.
Swivel top slide by 45.
7. Countersinking 1045
Set end stop. Take first cut on transition between inner surface and end
face. Set cross slide to "0". Set feed. Finish turning with several chips by
means of manual top slide adjustment. Use coolant for turning tool without
carbide tip.
Visual inspection of surface finish.
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