Seventh Grade Midterm Examination Study Guide 2015

Chapter 1
1. List each theme of geography and define each one.
I. Location
II. Place
III. Region
IV. Movement
V. Human-Environment-Interaction
2. List the three climate zones and give characteristics of each.
I. Temperate The temperate zone has four distinct seasons.
II. Tropical The tropical zone is generally warm year round and typically only has
two seasons, rainy and dry.
III. Polar - The polar zone is typically cold year round and only experiences and
cold summer and an extremely cold winter.
3. What factors affect the climate of an area?
Latitude (distance from equator), Altitude (Height above sea level), Ocean and
Wind Currents

4. What are natural resources? What is the difference between renewable and
non-renewable resources? Give examples of each type.
A natural resource is anything from nature that can be used by humans. A
renewable resource can be reproduced and/or reproduce itself or recycle itself. A
non-renewable resource cannot be reproduced once it is used up.
Renewable Resources Trees, Water, etc.
Non-Renewable Resources Minerals, Fossil Fuels

5. What is the Rosetta Stone? Why is it important? The Rosetta Stone was an
ancient tablet discovered by French archaeologists which contained two types of
Egyptian writing which were translated into Greek. Archaeologists were able to

use the Greek in order to translate the Egyptian written on the tablet. This
eventually allowed archaeologist to decode all Egyptian Hieroglyphics.

Chapter 2
1. What is the Paleolithic era? When did it happen? How did man live during the
Paleolithic era? What inventions helped men to live better during this era?
The Paleolithic era was the period of time from the earliest beginnings of
humanity until farming was invented in about 8,000 B.C. During this time period
men lived by moving from place to place and hunting and gathering. Some tools
that helped humans thrive during this era were tools, fire, shelter, clothing, etc.

2. What is the Neolithic era? When did it happen? What is the invention that led
to the Neolithic era? How did life change from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic era?
The Neolithic era began when man began to farm and herd animals in about 8,000
B.C. Life changed dramatically for man in the Neolithic era because farming
allowed man to stay in one place, build permanent structures, and specialize in
particular occupations. This led to the development of civilization.

Chapter 3
1. Where did the Sumerian civilization develop? How did the Sumerians use the
Tigris and Euphrates to their advantage?
Sumerian civilization developed in Mesopotamia between the Tigris and
Euphrates rivers. Sumerians built levees in order to control flooding and dug out
canals from the levees in order to irrigate their crops.

2. What did Sargon I accomplish? What did Hammurabi accomplish?

Sargon created the worlds first empire by conquering city-states in Sumer.
Hammurabi created an even larger empire in Mesopotamia and created a system
of laws which united his whole empire.

3. What was Hammurabis Code?

Hammurabis Code was a code of laws that governed Hammurabis empire in
Mesopotamia. The laws were designed to be just and to match punishments with
crimes (An eye for an eye).

4. What contributions did the Sumerians make to the world?

Wheel, Sailboat, Number system based on 60, the plow, accurate calendars,
clocks, etc.

Chapter 4
1. List some characteristics that made the Old Kingdom different from the other
kingdoms of Egypt.
The Old Kingdom had the greatest respect for pharaohs. Pyramids were built
during the Old Kingdom. Pharaohs were seen as gods, priests and kings.

2. What did Egyptians believe about the after-life? What was the purpose of
building the pyramids?
Egyptians believed that there was life after death for those who were just. They
believed that the souls of the unjust would be devoured. They also believed that
bodies of the dead must be preserved for the soul to live on in the afterlife, so
they developed sophisticated methods of embalming.
The pyramids were built as great tombs for pharaohs.

3. Why were the Hyksos successful in conquering Egypt?

The Hyksos were successful in conquering Egypt because they had better
weapons technology. They had iron weapons, horses, and chariots.

5. Identify Thutmose III, Hatshepsut, and Tutankhamen

Hatshepsut was a woman who ruled Egypt during the childhood of Thutmose III.
She tried her best to become a true pharaoh despite her womanhood. She was
successful in trading with other lands and expanded Egyptian trade routes.
Thutmose III was a warrior pharaoh who expanded Egypt through warfare and
conquest.
Tutankhamen was the boy-king of Egypt who became pharaoh at a young age
and died at a young age. He returned Egypt back to polytheism after his father
had attempted to make Egypt monotheistic.

Chapter 6
1. Explain the religion of the Hebrews and what made it different from the
religion of other civilizations we have studied. Explain the Hebrew understanding
of God. What are the major contributions of the Hebrews?
The Hebrews were monotheistic unlike any other ancient culture we have studied.
They believed that God was omnipotent (all powerful), omniscient (all knowing),
and omnibenevolent (all good). They believed that man was created in the image
of God and therefore deserving of utmost dignity and justice. Since God was just,
they thought that men should be just as well.
The Hebrews contributed the Hebrew Bible which has made a major influence on
world literature, ethics and morals, etc.

2. Identify Abraham, Moses, Saul, Solomon, and David.

Abraham - Father of the Jewish people. Was willing to sacrifice his son
Isaac for the sake of God, though God did not allow him to go through with
it.

Moses - Led the Hebrew people out of slavery in Egypt. Received the tencommandments.
David - Greatest king of Israel. Killed Goliath. United tribes of Israel.
Made Jerusalem the capital city. Wrote many Psalms. Had affair with
Bathsheba.
Solomon King of Israel, son of David. Known for his wisdom.
Constructed the temple.