IF/10/13

Mbarak M. Mbigo

INF 431 Take away CAT.

a) Define the following terms

I. Virtual reality
is the term used to describe a three-dimensional, computer generated environment which can be
explored and interacted with by a person, while in this environment, the person can manipulate objects
or perform a series of actions.
II. Multimedia metaphor
is a set of user interface visuals, actions and procedures that exploit specific knowledge that users
already have of other domains. The purpose of the interface metaphor is to give the user instantaneous
knowledge about how to interact with the user interface.
III.Bitmaps
regular rectangular mesh of cells called pixels, each pixel containing a colour value. They are
characterised by only two parameters, the number of pixels and the information content (colour depth)
per pixel.
IV. Animation
process of making the illusion of motion and the illusion of change by means of the rapid display of a
sequence of static images that minimally differ from each other. It also refers to the product of the
animation process.
V. Pixel
is a physical point in a raster image, or the smallest addressable element in an all point addressable
display device, it is the smallest controllable element of a picture represented on the screen.
VI. Dithering
is the process of juxtaposing pixels of two colors to create the illusion that a third color is present.
b) Briefly describe how video is presented
Visual multimedia source that combines a sequence of images to form a moving picture. The
video transmits a signal to a screen and processes the order in which the screen captures should
be shown. Videos usually have audio components that correspond with the pictures being
shown on the screen.
c) Explain the process of digitization
Digitization process is often used to convert analog data, such as media, sound, image, and text into a
numerical representation through two discrete step:
Sampling and quantization
data is sampled at regular intervals, continuous data (analog) is turned into discrete (digital) data. Then
each sample is quantified that is assigned a numerical value drawn from a defined range.
d) State and explain three softwares that can be used in creating and editing fonts in
multimedia
FontCreator a popular font editor with a straight forward interface making it accessible to users at
any skill level.
Fontlab Studio a professional font editor for macOs and windows that facilitate designing typefaces
and creating or modifying fonts.
Glyphs an easy to use mac font editing tool that combines text and drawing views in which layers
can be automatically generated

e) Differentiate between the following.

I. Input device and output device
Input devices are devices used to input data into a computer for processing while output devices are

devices used to view the results of data (input) processing.

Examples of input devices include: scanner, microphone, graphic tablets, video recorder
Examples of output devices include: computer screen/monitor, speakers.
II. Multimedia and multimedia work station
Multimedia is content that uses a combination of different content forms such as text, audio, images,
animations, video and interactive content whereas multimedia workstation refers to computer that has
all the necessary facilities for editing, rendering and displaying multimedia content.
III.Kinematic and morphing.
Kinematic is the study of movement and motion of objects/structures that have joints such as a walking
man whereas morphing is a special effect in motion pictures and animations that changes (or morphs)
one image or shape into another through a seamless transition
f) Explain any three elements of multimedia
Text: the basic element of multimedia, it involves the use of text types, size, colours and background
colors.
Video: a recording of moving visual images made digitally
Audio: an electrical representation of sound. It could be in form of music, etc.