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CSEC MATHEMATICS
Past Paper Solution May 2013
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** Please see the original past paper for the questions.

Only the answers will be provided as per copyright
obligations.

Q1. b

**********************************************************

To assess which size carton of orange is the better buy, we

must determine the cost per ml .

Q1a. (i)May 2013

So for carton (350ml):

Since the exact value for the expression is requested, do

not convert to decimal.

4
5

9
5

27 5
15

22
15

1
3

1
3

= 1.14 cents per ml

Q1. c
Principal (P) = $9,600
Interest (r) = 8%
after first year Time (T) = 1 year
Interest after first year = 8% of $9600

2
5
12
5
2

Step 3: Invert denominator and multiply by numerator

5
22

12 15

= 1.2 cents per ml

The better buy is therefore carton size (450 ml) as it costs

less than carton size(350ml)

(LCM = 15)

Step 2: Simplify the denominator viz:

$4.2
350

and for carton (450ml) :

$5.13
cost per ml =
450

Step1: Simplify the numerator viz:

1

cost per ml =

1
22

12 3

9600

8
100

= $768

Total amount owing after first year = Principal + Interest

= (9600 + 768) = $10,368
Amount repaid at end of first year = $4, 368
so amount still owing at beginning of second year is:
= 10,368 4,368 = $6,000

1 11

6 3

11
18

Interest due after second year is 8% of $6000

8
6000
= $480
100

1.a (ii)

( 1.5625)

= 1.25

and

(0.32)

= 0.1024

so: 1.25 + 0.1024 = 1.3524 ( do not round your answer)

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2 a) (i)

2b (i)

The first thing to note is that we can factor 2x from both

terms in (i) to get: 2x ( x2 4)

To make C the subject:

The term in bracket is now the familiar difference of two

squares , where:
2

x 4=( x+2 )( x2)

Step

Action

Move (32) to the LHS

so the the completely factorized espression is:

Result

Mul both sides by

F-32 =

5
9

Swap RHS with LHS

2x ( x+2)( x2 )

9
C
5

5
( F 32 )
9

C=

=C

5
( F 32 )
9

2 a) (ii)
From the question paper, we can see that the coefficients of
the quadratic expression are :
a = 3,

C=

b = -5 and c = -2

we must now identify two numbers whose product = ac

and whose sum = b
now :
and

2b (ii) If F = 113 then

ac = 32 =
b = 5

5
(11332) = 45
9

2c (i) Total tickest sold = 500

so if x tickets were sold for $6 each then

a) (500 x) tickets were sold for $10 each

The challenge is now to find two numbers whose product is

(- 6) and whose sum is (-5 )

b) total money collected =

= 6x + 5000 10x

Condition 1
The pair of numbers must multiply to give negative 6, so one
number must be negative.
Condition 2
The pair of numbers must add (sum) to give negative 5, so the
bigger number must be negative.

6x+10(500 x)

= 5000 - 4x
2c(ii)
If amount collected is known to be $4108 then:

Pairs of numbers are:

(- 6) and (+1) product = - 6 and sum = -5
(-3) and (+2) product = - 6 and sum = -1

4108 = 5000 4x so
4x = 5000 4108

clearly the first pair of numbers that match our criteria is the
first pair of ( - 6 ) and ( +1)

giving:

x =

5000 4108
4

= 223 tickets were sold for $6 each.

Now we must rewrite the original quadratic equation, and

replace the coefficient of the middle term ( which is -5) with
the pair of numbers that we just found. ( - 6, and +1)
Note that:

-6+1 =-5

Rewriting we get : =
=

3x 6x+ x 2

3x ( x 2)+( x2)

= (x 2) (3x +1)
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grouping
factor ( x - 2)

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3 a. (i) Sets

3b (ii)

U=30

C
M

C
4x

E
20-x

8 - 3.2 = 4.8

From the information given on the past paper, the ven

diagram is produced showingthe number of each student in
each group in terms of x.

B
8

Triangle ABC and ADE are similar because their

corresponding angles are equal.:(see diag. on past paper)

The equation for the total students in the survey is:

1.
2.
3.

3 a. (ii) 30 = 4x + x + 20-x +2
30 20 2 = 4x + x - x
8 = 4x
x=2

AED= ACB
ADE= ABC

Both Triangles share a common angle in CAB

3 b (iii) Finding Length DE

3 a. (iii)

Since the triangles are similar then:

Number of students using only cameras = 4x = 8

6
8

3b
The diagram on the past paper should be used here in
conjunction with the following:

so DE =

DE
4.8
4.86
8

= 3.6

(i) Finding length BC

Q4a.

Length DE =
ECD

10

Perimeter = DE + EC + CD =
Area (CDE) =

A
8

1/ 2 (CD ) EG

From the diagranm of the past paper, we can find BC for this
right angled trialgle as follows:
Let length BC = x
then:

82 +x 2=10 2
x=

( 102 82 )

giving: x =

BC = 6

so

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( pythagoras)

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Let the equation of the perpendicular bisector be:

y = m 2 x +c

(m AB )

4b i) Finding Gradient of line AB

Given A(-1, 4) and B(3,2) then

m1 =

Let the gradient of Line AB =

where
and
so

and

so

m1

x1, y1
x 2, y 2

x 2= 3

y 2 =2

and

24
3(1)

Point A

xm

x 1 +x 2
2

y1+ y 2
2

ym

so coordimates of mid point (

1
m1

1
0.5

=2

2
4

1
2

31
2

4+2
2

0.5

( xm , ym )

Finding the intercept c

recall also that the perpendicular bisector passes through the
mid point of line AB, so one point on the perpendicular
bisector is the mid point coordinates ( 1, 3) of line AB
So by substituting the coordinates (1, 3) , and the gradient
m 2 = 2 into the equation for the perpendicular bisector we
get can find the intercept c.

So:

and

m2 =

m 1 m 2 =1

.. Point B

4b ii) Finding Mid point coordinates of AB

now

is the gradient , and c is the imtercept

gradient such that

y1= 4

m2

Finding the gradient

Now recall that the perpendicular bisector must have a

are the coordinates of point A

are the coordinates of point B

x 1 =1 and

where

y2 y 1
x2 x 1

xm , y m )

=
=

Giving :

y = m 2 x +c

..

3 = 2 (1) + c
c=32=1

so the equation of the perpendicular bisector is

(1, 3 )

y = 2x +1
4b ii) Finding the equation of the perpendicular bisector
of Line AB
Lin e2 is perpendicular bisector

A(-1,4)
M id p oint o f line AB

B(3,2)

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5. a(i)
R2

Now if A is proportional to
Then we may write this as:

A R2
A=k R 2

....

36 =

hence k =

Action

Result

Replace f(x) with y

Interchange x and y

Make y the subject

where k is a constant

now from the table when A = 36, R = 3

so

Step

4(5 2 ) = 100

A=

and when A = 196, R =

x=

2y+1
3

3x = 2y +1

3x 1
=y
2

=4

also , when R = 5 ,

2x+1
3

3x 1 = 2y

k (32 )
36
2
(3 )

y=

A
k

196
4

y=

so:
4

= 7

Replace y with

f 1 ( x )

3x 1
2

( x) =

3x 1
2

we may now complete the table as shown:

A

36

100

196

So

f 1 (3)

3(3) 1
= 4
2

5. b(i) Finding fg(2)

Now given f(x) and g(x) as shown on the past paper:
to find fg(2) we must first find g(2) by substituting 2 into the
function g(x).
ie: g(2) = 4(2) + 5 = 13
now since g(2) = 13, then fg(2) is the same as f(13)
so by substituting 13 in the function f(x) we get:
fg(2) is the same as f(13) =

f 1 (3)

5. b(ii) Finding

Now to find

2 (13)+1
= 9
3

f 1 (3) , we must first find

f 1 ( x )

and then replace x with the number 3

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6a i)

T
M ''
0 = 6
3
1

N
5 +
6

T
N''
0 = 5
3
3

() ( ) ()

Now to convert the speed of a car from 54 km/h to m/s we

can do the following:

() ( ) ()

now
so

1km = 1000m
54km/h = 54,000m/h

also
so

1 h = 3600 sec
54,000m/h means that the car will travel 54,000
54,000
= 15 meters in
meters in 3600 sec or =
3600
1 sec

M
6 +
4

The fig below shows the image after the translation

54km/hr = 15m/s

Now Distance = Speed x Time

so if the speed if 15 m/s, then after 20 seconds :
Distance =

1520

= 300m

6.b)
mirror line

6biii)

Y
d

C'

object

image

B'

N '( 9, 6)

A'

P'

M' (8, 4)

The diagram above shows an object triangle ABC and its image
A'B'C'. Note that each image point is a reflection of the object
point in a mirror line at x = 5.
Now compare the above with the diagram shown on the past
paper, where it can be clearly seen that the image L'M'N' is a
reflection of the triangle LMN in the line x = 7
6b ii)

( )

0
has the effect of moving the object 3
3
units down on the y-axis. This is described mathematically as :
Object point + Translation (T) = Image point

A translation

so:

T=

L
1 +
4

T
L''
0 = 1
3
1

() ( ) ()

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L' (13, 4)

N'' (5, 3)

P
M'' (6, 1)

L" (1, 1)

Triangle P may be mapped unto P' by the following combined

transformations:
1) A translation T = 0 followed by a reflection in
3
the line x = 7

()

2) A reflection in the line x = 7 followed by a translation

0
T=
3

()

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Q 7a) ( i) Statistics

Q 7c.i)
1. The median Q2 correspond to the 1/2 n th ranked student,
where n = 40
So the median amount spent corresponds to the amount spent by the 20th ranked
student on the curve.
median = $31
Q 7c.ii)

The amount of students that spend less than $23 is read from the curve as 9
9
so the probability that a student spent less than $23 =
40

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Q8.a)

Finding a rule relating B and N

The fourth diagram is the sequence is shown below

The formula or rule that relates the number N with the

number of balls B may be found using general equation for
a straight line , since the relationship is linear.
Ie

B1 =m 2 N 1 +c
B2 =m 2 N 2+c

The completed table is shown below

(i)
(ii)

N
1
2
3
4
20

# Wires
12
20
28
36
164

# Balls
8
12
16
20
84

hence

m2

B2 B1
=
N 2 N 1

12 8
21

=4

substituting this gradient into the first equation

8 = 4 (1) +c
so
c=4
Therfore the equation for the number of balls B is:

Finding a rule relating W and N

The formula or rule that relates the number N with the
number of wires W may be found using general equation for
a straight line , since the relationship is linear.
Ie

B=m 2 N +c ( m2 = gradient, c = intercept)

so using diagrams 1 and 2

W = m N + c ( m = gradient, c = intercept)
so using diagrams 1 and 2

B = 4N +4

so

if N = 4,

then

B = (4 x 4) + 4 = 20

and

if N = 20,

then

B = (4x 20) + 4 = 84

W 1 =m N 1 +c
W 2=m N 2 +c
hence

m=

w 2 w1
=
N 2 N 1

20 12
21

=8

substituting this gradient into the first equation

12 = 8 (1) +c
so
c=4
Therfore the equation for the number of wires W is:
W = 8N +4
so

if N = 4,

then

W = (8 x 4) + 4 = 36

and

if N = 20,

then

W = (8 x 20) + 4 = 164

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The new form is therefore:

SECTION II

3( x 2) 4

Q 9. a) Linear programming Question:

The graph is shown below:

Establish the variables:

Person Plans to buy x oranges and y mangoes

Conditions:
i) If Bag can only hold 6 fruits then x + y <= 6
ii)If we must have at least 2 mangoes, then y >= 2
iii) The inequality y <= 2x implies that the number of
mangoes must Not be more than two times the number of

oranges.
v) The Graph of the solution set is shown below

-4

(2, - 4)
The y intercept is shown = 8
the coordinates of the minimum point is (2, - 4)

b)
Given a quadratic function in the form ax 2 +bx+c
we can rewrite this function in the form a ( x+h )2+ k
where

h=

b
2a

and

k=

4acb
4a

The function given on the past paper is in the form :

2
f ( x)=ax +bx+c , with a = 3, b = -12 and c = 8

so : h =

12
2 (3)

and k =

4(3)(8)(12)
4(3)

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Q 10 a) Circle Theorem

(iii) Finding AFB

F

The following observations are made from the diagram on the

past Paper:
#

Observation

Applicable theorem(s)

one Tangents

angle between tangent and

chord = angle in the
alternate segment

50
O
100

Angle between radius and

Tangent = 90 0
2

Triangle BOA is isosceles

Base angles are equal

Angle O at the center

Angle at center is twice that

at the circumference

From observation #2,

100
AFB=
= 50 0 because angle at the centre is
2
twice the angle at the circumference.

(i) Finding EBF

F

(iv) Finding OAF

F
50

O
E

55

35

O
B

35
40

From Observation 2,
radius and tangent =
Therefore:

EBO=90
0
90
0

because angles between

where
and
and
so

B=40+35=750
F =50 0
A=40+OAF

75+50+40+OAF

hence

O
40

B+F +A=1800

(ii) Finding BOA

100

40

Considering triangle BFA:

= 900
= 90 -35 = 550

EBF +35
EBF

25

1800

OAF =250

40
B

From observation 2: Base angles are equal in an isoscelecs

triangle so OBA=OAB = 40 0
Therefore: BOA=1000

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.. angles in a triangle = 1800

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Q10.b i)
Triangle RFT

Finding angle of elevation T from S

considering triangle TFS

25m

25m
270

x0

43.3m

Triangle TFS
Let x represent the angle of elevation T from S:

so:

25m

Tan x =

giving: x =

S
F

43.3m

25
43.3

= 0.57736

tan1 (0.57736 ) =

30 0

Triangle SFR

F
43.3m

Finding RF
0

tan 27 =

considering Triangle RFT:

so

RF =

25
0
tan 27

25
0.5095

25
RF

= 49.1m

Finding SR
considering triangle RFS
49.1m
F

43.3m

(SR)2 =(SF )2 +( RF )2
so SR

43.32 +49.12

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Q11 (a) Vectors

The following diagrams are to be used in conjunction with
the diagram on the past paper.

Q11a.ii)

Finding Vector A
B

1) OB is parallel to PQ because

Two geometrical relationships are;

O
B=2 P Q

2) Triangle OBA is similar to Triangle PQA because the

corresponding angles are equal.

2b

Q11. b
2a

If

M=

then

Now A
B is the vector going from A to B
that is: First go from A to O and then from O to B
so:

A
B

where:

O A=2a , and

Now
so
giving:
or

AO

AO

AB

AB

A O+O
B

( )
2 1
4 3

Adjoint M
Determinant of M

where Adjoint M =

O
B=2b

is the negative of vector

= O A = 2a

3 1
4
2

and Determinant of M = 3 x 2 4 x 1 = 2

OA

M 1

so

= 2a+2b
= 2 (ba )
now

M M 1 =

Finding Vector P
Q

1 3 1
2 4
2

( )(

2 1
3 1
4 3 4
2
2

( ) ( )

1 2 0
2 0 2

1 0
0 1

Q 11 b.iii)
now if [M][P] = [Q] then

M 1

[P] =

(b - a)

[Q]

so
Now P is midpoint OA so

P A =

1/ 2 (O A)

( )
r
t

s
u

so:

)( )

1 3 1
2 1

2 4
2
4 1

( )

= a

and Q is the midpoint of AB

= 1/ 2( A
so A Q
B) = (b - a)

1 2
0 3

r = 1, s = 2, t = 0, u = -3

is the vector going from P to Q

Now P Q
that is: First go from P to A and then from A to Q

so:
= P A+A Q
PQ

----END---

= a + ( b a)
=b
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